Optimized sorting of recycling scrap

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for sorting conveyed goods, comprising the steps of: providing conveyed goods comprising components made of a metal or the alloys thereof and other components, and separating components made of the metal or the alloys thereof to form a target fraction with the aid of at least one separating device, wherein a residual fraction of non-separated components remains. The object of providing a method for sorting conveyed goods, with which the sorting purity can be increased with process reliability and in a cost-effective manner, while the reject rate of components made of the metal and the alloys thereof can be reduced at the same time, is achieved by the fact that the method also comprises: determining an amount of losses of components made of the metal or the alloys thereof in the residual fraction, and controlling or regulating the separating device on the basis of the determined amount of losses. The invention also relates to a sorting apparatus, in particular for carrying out the method according to the invention.

Description

[0001] Optimized sorting of recycling scrap

[0002] The invention relates to a method for sorting conveyed material, comprising the steps of: providing conveyed material comprising components of a metal or its alloys as well as other components; and separating components of the conveyed material made of the metal or its alloys into a target fraction using at least one separating device, leaving a residual fraction of non-separated components of the conveyed material. The invention further relates to a device for sorting, in particular for carrying out the method according to the invention.

[0003] In addition to circulating and production scrap, recycling scrap primarily includes metal from used metal products that is collected, sorted, and used to recycle other metal products. For example, scrap from used beverage cans, known as used beverage can (UBC) scrap, and similar products is collected and can be recycled for use in other metal products, such as new beverage cans.

[0004] Aluminum scrap, such as UBC scrap, is often a mixture of different aluminum alloys, for example, from various alloys used for can bodies or can ends, and frequently contains foreign matter such as organic substances, e.g., wood, paints, and composite foils, as well as other materials. One advantage of aluminum is that the metal can be melted and reprocessed almost indefinitely. Furthermore, only about five percent of the energy required to produce primary aluminum is required to reprocess aluminum scrap. To filter out and recover reusable materials from scrap, such as non-ferrous metals, especially aluminum and its alloys, generic sorting processes and devices utilize the principle of eddy current separation.The scrap or conveyed material is guided, for example, on a conveyor belt or in free fall over the poles of a magnetic rotor. Eddy currents are induced in the electrically conductive components of the material mixture to be separated, which build up their own magnetic fields directed counter to the generating field and, through electromagnetic forces, accelerate these components relative to the other components of the material mixture, essentially tangentially in the conveying or falling direction. These components therefore enter a flight parabola much earlier than the non-conductive material components, i.e. they lose contact with the conveyor belt or the magnetic rotor, for example, at an early stage. In this way, eddy current separation can be used to separate non-ferromagnetic, electrically highly conductive materials such as aluminum and copper from non-ferrous metal solid mixtures such as UBC scrap, car shredder debris, electronic scrap and the like.Eddy current separation can be preceded by magnetic separation to remove ferromagnetic parts in advance.

[0005] However, the acceleration of the metal parts, especially the non-ferrous metal parts, is often not sufficient to deflect the flight parabola, which already begins at the apex of the magnetic rotor, sufficiently far beyond the radius of the magnetic rotor. Obstructions caused by electrically non-conductive parts that are still resting on the belt surface or that are just beginning to detach due to gravity cannot be ruled out. For example, conductive parts that are to be deflected are slowed down by non-conductive parts. On the other hand, due to drag effects caused by contact with conductive non-ferrous metal parts, non-conductive parts can also be accelerated undesirably. As a result, incorrect sorting cannot be avoided. In particular, large proportions of metal parts, especially non-ferrous metal parts, sometimes end up in the collection area for electrically non-conductive parts.The sorting purity, especially metal loss, remains unsatisfactory. This disadvantage is even greater the more the composition of the scrap varies. As a result, valuable resources are regularly lost. Furthermore, metallic residues can be problematic in connection with the incineration of the material sorted as waste. Increased metal content can hinder combustion. Aluminum residues, in particular, can pose fire and explosion hazards during incineration, especially the risk of oxyhydrogen explosions.

[0006] The present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method for sorting conveyed material that reliably and cost-effectively increases sorting purity while simultaneously reducing the proportion of rejects made of metal and its alloys. Furthermore, the present invention is based on the object of proposing an advantageous device for sorting conveyed material, in particular for carrying out a method according to the invention.

[0007] According to a first teaching of the present invention, the above-indicated object for a method for sorting conveyed material comprising the steps of: providing conveyed material comprising components of a metal or its alloys as well as other components and separating components of the conveyed material from the metal or its alloys to form a target fraction with the aid of at least one separating device, wherein a residual fraction of non-separated components of the conveyed material remains, is achieved in that the method further comprises: determining a loss proportion of components of the metal or its alloys in the residual fraction and controlling or regulating the separating device depending on the determined loss proportion.

[0008] It has been shown that the method according to the invention can increase the sorting purity when sorting conveyed material. In particular, a higher yield can be achieved through sorting than with known methods. With the help of the method according to the invention, less usable metal, in particular non-ferrous metal, is lost, which would otherwise have remained in the residual fraction and not been used for further processing. For example, the separation, in particular the separation device, is adjusted as soon as the loss proportion increases and / or exceeds a certain threshold value. In particular, the loss proportion in the residual fraction is continuously determined within the framework of the method and used to control or regulate the separation device.The process according to the invention allows the sorting purity to be increased in a process-reliable and cost-effective manner, while at the same time reducing the loss of components from the metal and its alloys.

[0009] Components made of a metal or its alloys are, in particular, pieces of metal made of the metal or its alloys that are contained in the conveyed material and are to be separated. It is conceivable that the components made of the metal or its alloys consist only partially, but in particular entirely or predominantly, of the metal or its alloys.

[0010] The metal can in particular be a non-ferrous metal, preferably aluminum. Accordingly, the components made of the metal or its alloys can in particular be non-ferrous metal and / or alloy pieces, preferably aluminum and / or aluminum alloy pieces. For example, the aim of the process is to separate as many components made of a metal, e.g. aluminum, or its alloys as possible from the material being conveyed in order to be able to reuse them. Thanks to the improved sorting, the process thus enables more sustainable production of aluminum products, for which the sorted aluminum or its alloys can be reused. The recycling rate of aluminum products can thus be further optimized and valuable resources saved.The method according to the invention allows for optimization of sorting purity by determining the loss of components of the metal or its alloys in the residual fraction and using this information to control or regulate the separation device. Proportions generally quantify the proportion of an individual substance in a mixture. In this context, this also includes, for example, proportions that indicate the amount of a product in relation to a given volume or weight.

[0011] The other components may be partly or entirely non-metallic components, for example components made of paper, cardboard, plastic and / or wood.

[0012] It is also conceivable for the other components to include metallic components made from a different metal or its alloys. Whether these components made from a different metal or its alloys are assigned to the target fraction or the residual fraction during separation depends on the separation device used. If the target fraction includes other metallic components in addition to the components made from one metal and its alloys, the target fraction can, if required, be subjected to further sorting using a different separation device in order to further divide the target fraction and separate the components from one another. For example, it is conceivable that a conveyed material consisting of aluminum alloy components and other components in the form of non-metallic components and iron alloy components can be separated using the method or device described here.the device described here is separated from the non-metallic components and the further separation of the target fraction consisting of aluminum alloy components and iron alloy components takes place by further sorting. Additionally or alternatively, pre-sorting can also take place in which, for example, ferromagnetic parts are removed from the material in advance. By determining the loss proportion, a statement can be made about the loss of actually usable metal components, in particular non-ferrous metal components such as aluminum. Depending on this, the method according to the invention can in turn be used to influence the control or regulation of the separation device, whereby, for example, a advantageous reduction in the loss proportion can be achieved. The sorting process can be optimized through the continuous monitoring of and regulated influence on the separation.

[0013] Control here means that the actual value of a parameter, when it deviates from a desired setpoint, is changed by a suitable process influence so that the actual value approaches the setpoint and, ideally, reaches it. This is a closed-loop control process. Because the drift from the setpoint is counteracted, the feedback is negative feedback.

[0014] In open-loop control, on the other hand, there is no feedback and therefore no closed-loop control process. Open-loop control is understood as influencing the behavior of a system, whereby the system is brought into a different state by the control.

[0015] The control or regulation can be achieved by influencing selected parameters, for example by reducing or increasing a value.

[0016] The control or regulation according to the invention is characterized in that it depends on the loss proportion in the residual fraction and thus depends on the loss of actually usable metals. This has the advantage that it is possible to react accordingly to variations or a varying composition in the scrap or conveyed material and thus the residual fraction can be reliably freed of the components made of the metal or its alloys. The method according to the invention thus allows a higher recovery of reusable metal components while avoiding losses in sorting purity. It thus represents a resource-saving, cost-effective solution for sorting conveyed material and also reduces hazards posed by metallic residues, which can be problematic in connection with the incineration of material sorted out as waste.

[0017] It is also conceivable that the proportion of components made of the metal or its alloys in the target fraction is determined. This makes it possible, for example, to determine whether there are any impurities in the metal intended for further use. It is also conceivable that the composition of the incoming material is recorded, in particular the proportion of components made of the metal or its alloys in the material. For example, it can be determined to what extent the composition of the incoming material influences the subsequent sorting purity. It is conceivable that the separation process is already influenced based on empirical values, in particular machine learning.

[0018] According to a first advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the separation device comprises at least one conveyor belt, at least one magnetic rotor, and / or at least one separating apex. This advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention allows, in particular, to influence the separation process in many ways, to make it particularly efficient depending on potentially unforeseeable, different factors, such as the composition of the material being conveyed, the size of the components of the material being conveyed, etc., and to maintain or even increase the sorting purity.

[0019] The material being conveyed, which comprises components made of the metal or its alloys, is guided, for example, on a conveyor belt over at least one pole of a magnetic rotor. Through interaction with the at least one pole of the magnetic rotor, the components made of the metal or its alloys are accelerated, for example, relative to the other components of the material being conveyed, preferably tangentially to the direction of conveyance. This occurs, for example, by inducing eddy currents in the components made of the metal or its alloys, which generate their own magnetic fields directed counter to the generating field. These components are thus accelerated by electromagnetic forces relative to the other components of the material mixture, essentially tangentially in the conveying direction.As a result, the components made of metal or its alloys enter a flight parabola earlier, meaning they lose contact with the conveyor belt or the magnetic rotor earlier than other components of the material being conveyed.

[0020] In the conveying direction, a conveying zone, which can be formed, for example, by the conveyor belt, is followed by a discharge zone, which can be formed, for example, by the magnetic rotor. Furthermore, at least two separation zones can follow, which are separated from one another by at least one separation peak that serves to separate the conveyed material. Preferably, the components made of metal or its alloys are accelerated over the separation peak into the more distant separation zone, while other components of the conveyed material are not accelerated and instead only reach the front separation zone, for example, a collection area for the residual fraction. The separation device is then controlled or regulated depending on the loss rate in the residual fraction.

[0021] Depending on the loss rate of metal or its alloy components in the residual fraction, the speed of the conveyor belt, for example, is controlled or regulated. It has been shown that this can influence, for example, the flight path and thus the separation process. The at least one magnetic rotor and / or the at least one separation apex can also be controlled or regulated depending on the loss rate in the residual fraction.

[0022] According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the rotation speed and / or the magnetic field of the magnetic rotor are controlled or regulated depending on the loss component. This also allows the flight parabola to be influenced without having to change the conveying speed. The magnetic rotor comprises, for example, at least one electromagnet.

[0023] Preferably, the orientation and / or position of the at least one separating peak is controlled or regulated depending on the determined loss percentage. By controlling or regulating the orientation, for example, the inclination, and / or the position of the separating peak, adjustment can be made in a particularly flexible, simple, and cost-effective manner. For example, it is possible to continuously adjust the separation zones for separating the conveyed material. Separation can be optimized even without changing the flight path.

[0024] Preferably, the loss percentage is determined using a detection device. The detection device can, for example, be used to continuously determine the loss percentage. It is also conceivable for the loss percentage to be determined at regular intervals and / or as needed. For example, the at least one conveyor belt, the at least one magnetic rotor, and / or the at least one separating cusp are controlled or regulated depending on the loss percentage determined by the detection device.

[0025] The detection device particularly preferably comprises a sensor and / or a camera. A metal sensor, e.g., an infrared sensor, for determining the loss fraction is conceivable, for example. The detection device detects, for example, the composition of the residual fraction and determines the loss fraction. According to a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the separation device is controlled or regulated depending on the loss fraction in the residual fraction by means of a control device for controlling or regulating the separation device. The control device is, in particular, designed to control or regulating the separation device. The control can be carried out, for example, by a PID controller. The control can be carried out, for example, by means of a PLC controller.

[0026] According to a second teaching of the present invention, the above-indicated object is achieved by a device for sorting conveyed material, in particular for carrying out the method according to the invention, comprising at least one separating device for separating components of a conveyed material made of a metal or its alloys to form a target fraction, in that the device further comprises: at least one detection device which is set up to determine a loss proportion of components made of the metal or its alloys in a residual fraction from components of the conveyed material not separated by the separating device, and at least one control device which is set up to control or regulate the separating device depending on the loss proportion.

[0027] The separating device of the device is designed to separate components of a conveyed material made of a metal or its alloys into a target fraction. Accordingly, the separating device can be used to separate components of a conveyed material that includes components of a metal or its alloys as well as other components from the metal or its alloys and assign them to the target fraction.

[0028] The device according to the invention comprises at least one detection device configured to determine a loss fraction of components of the metal or its alloys in a residual fraction of components of the conveyed material not separated by the separation device. The detection device can comprise, for example, a camera and / or a sensor. For example, an eddy current separator is adapted so that, with the aid of a sensor and / or a camera, the amount of metal or its alloys landing on a waste conveyor belt can be checked.It is conceivable, for example, that the detection device comprises a camera and an evaluation unit, wherein the evaluation unit is configured to detect metallic components, for example based on the color, in images of the residual fraction taken by the camera and to determine, for example estimate, their proportion in the residual fraction, for example as an absolute or relative value.

[0029] Based on the determined proportion of metallic components in the residual fraction, the sorting process can be adjusted. For example, an actual value can be compared with a predefined target value. Evaluation information can be transmitted to the control device of the device, for example. The control device can be set up to control or regulate the separation device, in particular the eddy current separator, depending on the evaluation information. Based on the evaluation information, the sorting process can be made more efficient. This allows the operation of a unit that adjusts itself automatically according to the composition of the material being sorted. A PLC controller or a PID controller, for example, can be provided as the control device for controlling or regulating the separation device depending on the loss proportion.

[0030] With the aid of the device according to the invention for sorting conveyed material, the sorting purity during sorting of conveyed material can be increased. The device according to the invention enables the monitoring of the loss proportion of components made of a metal or its alloys in the residual fraction and targeted influence on the separation, for example by means of a control or regulation of the separation device. In this way, the separation can be controlled or regulated in such a way that a reliable, efficient and reliable sorting of the conveyed material is guaranteed. The rejection of recyclable metal, in particular non-ferrous metal, can thus be avoided. It has been recognized that the device according to the invention can be used to increase the sorting purity in a reliable and cost-effective manner, while at the same time reducing the loss of metals, in particular non-ferrous metals such as aluminum.In the overall cycle, metal losses can be reduced and downgrading can be reduced through the use of almost equivalent materials.

[0031] According to an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, the separation device comprises at least one conveyor belt, at least one magnetic rotor, and / or at least one separating apex. The advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention allows, in particular, to influence the separation process in many ways, to make it particularly efficient depending on potentially unforeseeable, different factors, such as the composition of the material being conveyed, the size of the components of the material being conveyed, etc., and to maintain or even increase the sorting purity.

[0032] It is conceivable that, alternatively or in addition to the detection device for detecting the loss proportion, the device comprises a detection device which is configured to determine an excess proportion of other components in the target fraction. The control device can additionally be configured to control or regulate the separation device depending on the determined excess proportion. It is also conceivable that, alternatively or additionally, a control device is provided to control or regulate the separation device depending on the determined excess proportion. With the aid of the device, for example, the proportion of other components in the components made of a metal or its alloys can be determined in the target fraction and used to control or regulate the separation device in order to achieve a higher sorting purity.The method may include determining an excess proportion of other components in the target fraction.

[0033] Furthermore, the method may comprise controlling or regulating the separating device depending on the determined surplus portion.

[0034] The features and embodiments of the invention described above can equally relate to the various aspects of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention described above in this description are also to be understood as disclosed in all combinations with one another. Rather, it is understood that the representation of embodiments of the invention is merely exemplary and not restrictive.

[0035] There are now numerous possibilities for designing and developing the method and device according to the invention. Reference is made to the claims subordinate to claims 1 and 9, as well as to the description of exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the drawings. The figures are intended solely for the purpose of illustration and not to define the scope of the invention. The figures are not to scale and are intended merely to reflect the general concept of the present invention by way of example. In particular, features contained in the figures should in no way be considered a necessary component of the present invention.

[0036] The drawing shows

[0037] Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an advantageous

[0038] Design of a device according to the invention according to the second aspect, and

[0039] Fig. 2a, 2b show a schematic representation of advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention according to the first aspect. Fig. 1 shows a device 1 for sorting conveyed material 2. The conveyed material 2 is in the form of a solid mixture. This can comprise different components 3a, 3b with different shapes and sizes. In addition to components 3a made of a metal or its alloys, the conveyed material 2 can contain other components 3b, for example PET bottles, plastics, domestic waste, cardboard, wood and / or CC cartridges. The conveyed material 2 is transported in particular via a conveyor belt 6. The belt speed is, for example, 0.5 m to 3 m / second. The conveyed material is transported, for example, at a speed of 1000 kg / hour.

[0040] The device 1 comprises at least one separating device 5 for separating components 3a from the metal or its alloys into a target fraction 4a. The separating device 5 comprises, for example, the conveyor belt 6, at least one magnetic rotor 7, and / or at least one separating apex 8.

[0041] The material to be conveyed 2, which comprises the components 3a made of metal or its alloys as well as the other components 3b, is guided, for example, on the conveyor belt 6 over at least one pole of the magnetic rotor 7. Eddy currents are induced in the components 3a made of metal or its alloys of the material to be separated 2. Through the interaction with the at least one pole of the magnetic rotor 7, the components 3a are accelerated, for example, relative to the other components 3b of the material to be conveyed 2, preferably tangentially to the direction of the material to be conveyed. The components 3a therefore enter a parabolic flight pattern earlier than the other material components 3b, thus losing contact with the conveyor belt 6 or the magnetic rotor 7 earlier than the other components 3b of the material to be conveyed 2.

[0042] At least two separation zones can follow in the conveying direction, which are separated from each other by at least one separation apex 8, which serves to separate the conveyed material 2. Preferably, the components 3a of the metal or its alloys are accelerated over the separation apex 8 into the more distant separation zone, while the other components 3b of the conveyed material 2 are not accelerated and instead only reach the front separation zone, for example, a collection area for the residual fraction 4b.

[0043] The device 1 further comprises at least one detection device 9 for determining a loss proportion of components 3a made of the metal or its alloys in a residual fraction 4b of non-separated components 3a, 3b. The detection device 9 is arranged, for example, such that it determines and / or monitors the loss proportion of components 3a made of the metal or its alloys in the residual fraction 4b, which is conveyed on a waste conveyor belt (not shown here). Alternatively or additionally, the detection device 9 can be arranged directly at the beginning of the separation zone into which the residual fraction 4b enters and / or in the separation zone into which the target fraction 4a enters. The detection device 9 comprises, for example, a camera and / or a sensor, for example a metal sensor.For example, the detection device 9 comprises a camera and an evaluation unit, wherein the evaluation unit is configured to detect the components 3a of the metal or its alloys, for example based on the color, in images of the residual fraction 4b taken by the camera and to determine their proportion in the residual fraction 4b.

[0044] The recording device 9 can, for example, be used to continuously determine the loss percentage. It is also conceivable that the loss percentage is determined at regular intervals and / or as needed.

[0045] Depending on the determined loss percentage, the separation device 5 is then controlled or regulated. For this purpose, the device 1 comprises at least one control device 10 for controlling or regulating the separation device 5 depending on the loss percentage. For example, the at least one conveyor belt 6, the at least one magnetic rotor 7 and / or the at least one separating vertex 8 are controlled or regulated depending on the loss percentage determined by the detection device 9. It is conceivable, for example, that the speed of the conveyor belt 6, the rotation speed and / or the magnetic field of the magnetic rotor 7 and / or the orientation and / or position of the separating vertex 8 are controlled or regulated depending on the determined loss percentage of components 3a made of the metal or its alloys in the residual fraction 4b.

[0046] Fig. 2a shows an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention for sorting conveyed material 2. The method comprises providing conveyed material 2 comprising components 3a made of a metal or its alloys as well as other components 3b, separating components 3a of the conveyed material 2 made of the metal or its alloys to form a target fraction 4a with the aid of at least one separating device 5, whereby a residual fraction 4b of non-separated components 3a, 3b of the conveyed material 2 remains, and determining a loss proportion of components 3a made of the metal or its alloys in the residual fraction 4b.

[0047] In this case, the separation is controlled depending on the determined loss fraction of components 3a from the metal or its alloys in the residual fraction 4b. During the separation in step A, the loss fraction Gactual of components 3a from a metal or its alloys in a residual fraction 4b is determined and used to control the separation process, for example, to control the separation device 5, in step C.

[0048] In step A, for example, the loss fraction, in particular the non-ferrous metal fraction, for example the aluminum fraction, in the residual fraction 4b can be determined using a detection device 9, for example a camera and / or a sensor. During separation, in step B, the actual value of the loss fraction is used to control the separation process. For this purpose, the Gactual value is compared with a target value Gsoii. The separation device 5 is controlled depending on the Gactual value. For example, in step C, at least one manipulated variable P, e.g., the angle of inclination of the separating vertex 8, is reduced if the Gactual value is greater than the Gsoii value. If the Gactual value is less than the Gsoii value, the manipulated variable P is increased. This can also be done the other way around. If the Gactual value is equal to the Gsoii value, the manipulated variable remains unchanged.

[0049] In addition to the angle of inclination of the separating vertex 8, the position of the separating vertex 8, the speed of the conveyor belt 6, the rotation speed and / or the magnetic field of the magnetic rotor 7 can also be controlled in the process control depending on the loss proportion.

[0050] Fig. 2b shows a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention. In this case, the separation process, in particular the separation device 5, is controlled depending on the loss fraction of components 3a made of the metal or its alloys in the residual fraction 4b. During the separation process, the loss fraction Gactual of components 3a made of the metal or its alloys in the residual fraction 4b is determined in step A' and used to control the separation process in step C'.

[0051] During separation, the actual value Gactual of the loss fraction is used to control the separation process. As in the case of process control, the Gactual value is also compared with a setpoint Gsetpoint in step B'. Depending on the Gactual value, a manipulated variable P', e.g., the inclination angle of the separating peak 8, is controlled in step C'. For example, the manipulated variable P' is reduced if the Gactual value is greater than the Gsetpoint value. If the Gactual value is less than the Gsetpoint value, the manipulated variable P' is increased, for example. This can also be done the other way around. If the Gactual value is equal to the Gsetpoint value, the manipulated variable P' is left as it is. In addition to the inclination angle of the separating peak 8, the position of the separating peak 8, the speed of the conveyor belt 6, the rotation speed, and / or the magnetic field of the magnetic rotor 7 can also be controlled depending on the loss fraction in the process control.

[0052] Unlike open-loop control, closed-loop control follows a closed-loop control process. The Gactual value is compared repeatedly, particularly continuously, with the Gsetpoint value and adjusted by changing the manipulated variable P' to bring it closer to the Gsetpoint value. A PID controller, for example, can be used for process control.

[0053] In this way, losses of components 3a from a metal or its alloys can be reduced or avoided and a high sorting purity can be achieved in a process-reliable and cost-effective manner.

Claims

Patent claims 1. A method for sorting conveyed material (2) comprising the steps of: providing conveyed material (2) comprising components (3a) made of a metal or its alloys as well as other components (3b) and Separating components (3a) of the conveyed material (2) from the metal or its alloys to a target fraction (4a) with the aid of at least one separating device (5), whereby a residual fraction (4b) of non-separated components (3a, 3b) of the conveyed material (2) remains, characterized in that the method further comprises: Determining a loss proportion of components (3a) from the metal or its alloys in the residual fraction (4b) and Controlling or regulating the separating device (5) depending on the determined loss share.

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the separating device (5) comprises at least one conveyor belt (6), at least one magnetic rotor (7) and / or at least one separating vertex (8).

3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the speed of the conveyor belt (6) is controlled or regulated depending on the loss proportion.

4. Method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the rotation speed and / or the magnetic field of the magnetic rotor (7) is controlled or regulated depending on the loss component.

5. Method according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the orientation and / or position of the separating apex (8) is controlled or regulated depending on the loss component.

6. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the loss component is determined with the aid of a detection device (9).

7. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the detection device (9) comprises a sensor and / or a camera.

8. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the control or regulation of the separating device (5) is carried out by means of a control device (10) depending on the loss proportion.

9. Device (1) for sorting conveyed material (2), in particular for carrying out a method according to one of claims 1 to 8, comprising: at least one separating device (5) which is designed to separate components (3a) of a conveyed material (2) made of a metal or its alloys into a target fraction (4a), characterized in that the device (1) further comprises: at least one detection device (9) which is designed to determine a loss proportion of components (3a) made of the metal or its alloys in a residual fraction (4b) of components (3a, 3b) of the conveyed material (2) not separated by the separating device (5), and at least one control device (10) which is designed to control or regulate the separating device (5) depending on the loss proportion.

10. Device (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that the separating device (5) comprises at least one conveyor belt (6), at least one magnetic rotor (7) and / or at least one separating vertex (8).

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