Drive system and strategy for operating the drive system

Abstract

The invention relates to a drive system (10) which has a first electric machine (1); at least one second electric machine (2); and a summarizing gear (5), wherein the first electric machine (1) and the at least one second electric machine (2) are coupled to the summarizing gear (5) via at least one shiftable transmission and / or via at least one shiftable clutch. (Fig. 1)

Description

[0001] Description

[0002] Drive system and operating strategy for the drive system

[0003] The present invention relates to a drive system and a method for operating the drive system.

[0004] The object of the present invention is in particular to improve a drive system, further in particular an operation of a drive system.

[0005] This problem is solved by a drive system having the features of claim 1. Claim 8 protects a method. The subclaims relate to advantageous developments.

[0006] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a drive system is provided. In one embodiment, the drive system has a first electric machine. In one embodiment, the drive system has at least one further, in particular a second, electric machine. In one embodiment, the drive system has in particular at least two electric machines, or at least five electric machines, or at least ten electric machines and / or fewer than twenty electric machines. In one embodiment, the drive system has a collecting gear. In one embodiment, the first electric machine and the at least one second electric machine are coupled to the collecting gear via at least one, in particular switchable, transmission and / or via at least one, in particular switchable, clutch.

[0007] In this way, a drive system can advantageously be realized which can be or is switched more dynamically, in particular the drive system is set up for this purpose, in particular the switching can be or is carried out without an interruption in torque, in particular the drive system is set up for this purpose, and / or the drive system can advantageously be switched in such a way that the efficiency of the drive system can be or is more easily adapted to an applied load, in particular the drive system is set up for this purpose. In one embodiment, the first electrical machine is coupled to the collecting gear via a first, in particular switchable, transmission. Alternatively or additionally, the first electrical machine is coupled to the collecting gear via a first, in particular switchable, clutch. In one embodiment, the second electrical machine is coupled to the collecting gear via a second, in particular switchable, transmission.Alternatively or additionally, the second electric machine is coupled to the collecting wheel via a second, in particular switchable, clutch.

[0008] As previously and also in the following, the embodiments are implemented with a first electric machine and a second electric machine. This is to be understood without restriction of generality, in particular such that the drive system has or can have further or more electric machines that are or can be designed according to the embodiments described herein.

[0009] Furthermore, the term "drive system" is to be understood without restriction of generality. Accordingly, in embodiments, the electrical machines can be operated as generators, in particular, the "drive system" can be driven, in particular via the collecting gear, so that, in one embodiment, the first electrical machine, the second electrical machine, and in particular, the further electrical machine can be operated as generators or are operated as generators or are used for this purpose.

[0010] In one embodiment, the at least one shiftable transmission has at least two gears, in particular at least three gears. In one embodiment, the first transmission and / or the second transmission have at least two gears, in particular at least three gears. In one embodiment, the first transmission and the second transmission have at least two gears, in particular at least three gears.

[0011] As a result, in one embodiment, an efficiency of the first and / or second electric machine can advantageously be changed or optimized more easily with the aid of the switchable transmission, in particular via the at least two gears of the at least one switchable transmission, in particular via the at least two gears of the first transmission and / or the second transmission, in particular an efficiency is optimized as a result or the at least one switchable transmission is used for this purpose.

[0012] In one embodiment, the at least one clutch, in particular a switchable clutch, is arranged, in particular, between the electric motor and the transmission and / or between the transmission and the collecting gear. In one embodiment, one clutch, in particular a switchable clutch, is arranged (in each case) between the first electric motor and the collecting gear and between the second electric machine and the collecting gear.

[0013] As a result, the at least one switchable transmission can advantageously be separated from the collecting gear, in particular in such a way that the at least one switchable transmission, at least substantially, does not cause any drag losses or these are or can be reduced.

[0014] In one embodiment, the drive system is designed to be connected in series with at least one further drive system, in particular with at least one further drive system described herein and / or a drive system different from the drive system described herein, in particular via a series connection or series connection of the collecting wheels, in particular with or via a, in particular switchable, clutch.

[0015] This advantageously makes it possible to provide a high or higher power, in particular the electrical machines can be designed to be smaller, and in particular standard machines can be used.

[0016] In one embodiment, the drive system is parallel to another drive system described herein and / or parallel to a drive system different from the drive system described herein, in particular via a transmission, in particular (in each case) via a clutch.

[0017] In one embodiment, this advantageously allows power to be provided as needed, particularly with different drive systems, and in particular only the drive system that corresponds to the (current) power requirements or at least substantially meets these can be used. In one embodiment, the at least one switchable transmission is a planetary gear or is designed as a planetary gear. In one embodiment, the planetary gear has a first brake and a second brake, wherein the first brake, in one embodiment, is designed to support a planet carrier of the planetary gear against a housing of the planetary gear; wherein, in one embodiment, the second brake is designed to support a ring gear of the planetary gear against the housing of the planetary gear.In one embodiment, the planetary gear set has a first freewheel and a second freewheel. In one embodiment, the first freewheel is configured to connect the ring gear of the planetary gear set to the output in a ring gear rotation direction, and in one embodiment, the second freewheel is configured to connect the planet carrier of the planetary gear set to the output of the planetary gear set in a planet carrier rotation direction that is opposite to the ring gear rotation direction. In a further development, the planetary gear set is configured such that a drive to the planetary gear set is provided via the sun.

[0018] In one embodiment, this advantageously allows a reduction gear or switchable transmission to be realized with less installation space.

[0019] In one embodiment, the at least one, in particular switchable, transmission is formed from a reduction gear, in particular with a fixed gear ratio, and, in particular, at least one further part which has a switchable transmission, wherein the reduction gear and the further part are directly or indirectly coupled to one another, in a further development between the reduction gear and the further part a, in particular switchable, further or different clutch is arranged, which differs from the at least one switchable clutch.

[0020] In one embodiment, a gear ratio of the transmission can thereby advantageously be designed to suit the intended use of the drive system.

[0021] In one embodiment, the first electric machine and the second electric machine are identical. In one embodiment, the first electric machine differs from the second electric machine, in particular with respect to its rated power. In one embodiment, the drive system comprises at least two identical electric machines. In one embodiment, the drive system additionally or alternatively comprises different electric machines.

[0022] In one embodiment, a drive system can advantageously be realized by combining the rated powers of the electrical machines, which, in particular in the interaction of the electrical machines, meets or can meet predetermined or specified load requirements.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a method for operating a drive system, in particular as described herein, is provided. In one embodiment, the method comprises switching the at least one clutch, in particular switching the at least one clutch via which the first electric machine is coupled to the collecting gear. In one embodiment, the method additionally or alternatively comprises switching the at least one clutch via which the second electric machine is coupled to the collecting gear. In one embodiment, the method additionally or alternatively comprises switching the at least one transmission, in particular the at least one transmission via which the first electric machine is coupled to the collecting gear. In one embodiment, the method additionally or alternatively comprises switching the at least one transmission via which the at least one second electric machine is coupled to the collecting gear.

[0024] In one embodiment, this advantageously allows the power delivered, in particular, via the collecting gear to be adjusted, or the efficiency of the drive system to be improved or adjusted depending on the gear ratio of the transmission, in particular of the respective transmission. Furthermore, in one embodiment, this advantageously allows drag loss to be reduced, in particular by separating the coupling between the first electric machine and / or the at least one further electric machine using the at least one clutch, in particular the clutches.

[0025] In one embodiment, the switching of the at least one clutch involves operating the clutch, in particular temporarily, in a slip state. In one embodiment, at least one clutch is operated, in particular at least temporarily, in a slip state. As a result, in one embodiment, at least one of the electric motors of the drive system can advantageously be operatively connected, in particular in a slip state, to the collecting gear, or the operative connection between at least one of the electric motors of the drive system and the collecting gear can be severed.

[0026] In one embodiment, the drive system is configured to shift the at least one shiftable transmission. Alternatively or additionally, in one embodiment, the drive system is configured to shift the at least one shiftable clutch.

[0027] In one embodiment, the method comprises detecting a load, in particular a load jump, on the drive system, in particular on the coupling of the first electric machine and / or the at least one second electric machine. In one embodiment, the method comprises determining a gear ratio for the at least one switchable transmission based on the detected load. In one embodiment, the method additionally or alternatively comprises determining a shifting time for the at least one transmission for changing the gear ratio and / or for opening or closing the at least one switchable clutch.In one embodiment, the method comprises switching the at least one switchable transmission based on the determined transmission ratio and / or based on the determined switching time, alternatively or additionally switching the at least one clutch based on the determined transmission ratio and / or the determined switching time.

[0028] In one embodiment, this advantageously enables a vertical load point shift and / or a horizontal load point shift to be realized, in particular the drive system can be matched or adjusted to load requirements, in particular dynamically. In one embodiment, this advantageously enables the dynamics of the drive system to be improved, in particular an interruption in torque and / or an interruption in tractive force to be prevented or reduced, in particular in a manner comparable to an (automatic) dual-clutch transmission. Furthermore, in one embodiment, this advantageously enables the use of more compact electrical machines, in particular electrical machines that have to generate comparatively less torque. This advantageously enables the use of electrical machines with smaller diameters.Furthermore, in one embodiment, transmission losses can be advantageously reduced, particularly in the partial load range, thereby increasing transmission efficiency. Furthermore, in one embodiment, the operational reliability of the drive system can be improved or increased. Advantageously, the drive system described herein, in one embodiment, allows for a simpler system architecture.

[0029] In one embodiment, the collecting wheel, the drive system, and / or a drive system in series or parallel connection can be coupled to another, in particular described herein, or further drive system via a mechanical shaft connection, in particular to a machine, such as in particular a work machine or a turbine, or via at least one wheel, in particular of a vehicle, to a road or other surface. For this purpose, the at least one further drive system can be designed as a, in particular purely, electric machine or as a multi-speed drive unit, in particular an internal combustion engine with a multi-speed (in particular at least two gears) transmission and / or an electric machine with a multi-speed (in particular at least two gears) transmission, which can be combined with the drive system described herein or is combined with it.

[0030] In one embodiment, this advantageously allows for a simpler (overall) propulsion system for a ship, vehicle, or the like. In one embodiment, this advantageously allows for a simpler "output system" to be realized, in which, in particular, the electrical machines can be or are operated as generators.

[0031] In this case, operation is also understood to mean regulation in one embodiment.

[0032] In one embodiment, the drive system has means for switching the at least one clutch. In one embodiment, the drive system has means for switching the clutches present in the drive system. In one embodiment, the system has means for switching the at least one transmission, in particular means for changing a transmission ratio of the transmission. In one embodiment, the drive system has means for detecting an (applied) load, in particular a load step, in particular at least one sensor. In one embodiment, the drive system has means for determining a transmission ratio of the at least one switchable transmission and / or for the at least one switchable transmission, in particular at least one (further) sensor.In one embodiment, the drive system comprises means for determining a shifting time for the at least one transmission, in particular a shifting time for changing the transmission ratio and / or for opening or closing the at least one switchable clutch. In one embodiment, the drive system comprises means for switching the at least one clutch, in particular based on the determined transmission ratio and / or the determined shifting time.

[0033] A system and / or means within the meaning of the present invention can be designed in hardware and / or software, in particular at least one, in particular digital, processing unit, in particular a microprocessor unit (CPU), graphics card (GPU) or the like, preferably connected to a memory and / or bus system for data or signals, and / or one or more programs or program modules. The processing unit can be designed to execute instructions implemented as a program stored in a memory system, to detect input signals from a data bus, and / or to output signals to a data bus. A memory system can have one or more, in particular different, storage media, in particular optical, magnetic, solid-state, and / or other non-volatile media. The program can be designed in such a way that it embodies the methods described here oris capable of carrying out, so that the processing unit can carry out the steps of such methods and thus in particular can operate or monitor the drive system.

[0034] In one embodiment, a computer program product can comprise, in particular be, a storage medium, in particular a computer-readable and / or non-volatile one, for storing a program or instructions or with a program or instructions stored thereon. In one embodiment, execution of this program or these instructions by a system or a controller, in particular a computer or an arrangement of multiple computers, causes the system or the controller, in particular the computer(s), to carry out a method described here or one or more of its steps, or the program or the instructions are configured to do so.

[0035] The terms "a" or "an" as used herein are defined as "one or more." The terms "another" and "another," and any other variations thereof, are defined as "at least one other."

[0036] The designs described herein can, particularly where technically feasible, be transferred to couplings of other electrical machines and / or combined with other designs.

[0037] In one embodiment, this advantageously allows degrees of freedom in the system design to be increased, in particular speed stages can be defined, in particular flexibly, by the gear sets of the at least one switchable transmission, in particular standard series from different manufacturers of electrical machines can be used.

[0038] In one embodiment, one or more, in particular all, steps of the method are carried out completely or partially automatically, in particular by the controller or its means.

[0039] Further advantages and features emerge from the subclaims and the exemplary embodiments. The following shows, partly schematically:

[0040] Fig. 1 : a drive system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Fig. 2: a drive system in a series circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Fig. 3: a comparative efficiency diagram; and

[0043] Fig. 4: a method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 1 schematically shows a drive system 10 with a first electric machine 1, a second electric machine 2 and a further electric machine 3. The first electric machine 1, the second electric machine 2 and the further electric machine 3 are coupled to the collecting gear 5. The coupling of the respective electric machines 1, 2, 3 is schematically shown via a first transmission 11, a second transmission 12 and a further transmission 13. The drive system further schematically has a first clutch 21, a second clutch 22 and a further clutch 23, which is (respectively) arranged between the first transmission 11, the second transmission 12 and the further transmission 13.Furthermore, in particular (shown in dashed lines), a further clutch is shown, which is arranged between the respective electric machine and the correspondingly assigned transmission. Furthermore, a machine 30 is shown, which, in one embodiment, is a working machine and is driven in particular by the drive system 10. In an alternative embodiment, the machine 30 drives the drive system 10, wherein the electric machines 1, 2, 3 are used or designed as generators. Means for switching the transmissions 11, 12, 13 and / or for switching the clutches 21, 22, 23 are not shown (separately).

[0044] Fig. 2 schematically shows a drive system 10 in a series circuit with another drive system 20, which are (operatively) connected to a machine 30. The other drive system 20 is shown in dashed lines. In one embodiment, the other drive system 20 can correspond, at least substantially, to the drive system 10, in particular be identical to it, or can be a drive system 20 different from the drive system 10. In one embodiment, the drive system 10 and the drive system 20 can act on the machine 30 or be driven by it in a parallel circuit, in particular via a transmission.

[0045] Fig. 3 shows a schematic comparison efficiency diagram, with the vertical axis showing efficiency in percent and the horizontal axis showing relative speed in percent. The curves labeled A, B and C represent the efficiency of the drive system 10 in one embodiment, with the different curves relating to differently set gear ratios. The dashed curves below represent, in the order of viewpoint from left to right, an efficiency-oriented mode of operation, a service life-oriented mode of operation and an mode of operation in which all electrical machines are active. Fig. 3 shows in particular that a vertical load point shift in the torque direction can be made possible by switching drives on and off with the aid of a drive system described herein, or that this can be used for this purpose.and / or that a horizontal load point shift in the speed direction can be made possible by different gear ratios using a drive system described herein or that this can be or will be used for this purpose.

[0046] Fig. 4 schematically shows a method in a block diagram. The method shows a determination of a gear ratio S10, a determination of a shifting time S20, which can be determined, at least substantially, in parallel or alternatively, and a shifting of the first clutch, a shifting of the second clutch, a shifting of the first transmission and / or a shifting of the second transmission, in particular based on the determined gear ratio and / or the determined shifting time. As already explained above, this does not represent a restriction of generality. In particular, further (switchable) clutches and / or further (switchable) transmissions can be shifted, in particular based on the (correspondingly) determined gear ratio and / or the (correspondingly) determined shifting time.

[0047] Although exemplary embodiments have been explained in the preceding description, it should be noted that a multitude of modifications are possible. Furthermore, it should be noted that the exemplary embodiments are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of protection, applications, or structure in any way. Rather, the preceding description provides the skilled person with a guide for implementing at least one exemplary embodiment, whereby various changes, particularly with regard to the function and arrangement of the described components, can be made without departing from the scope of protection as it results from the claims and equivalent combinations of features.

[0048] 1 first electric machine

[0049] 2 second electric machine

[0050] 3 additional electric machines

[0051] 5 Collecting wheel

[0052] 10 Drive system

[0053] 11 first gearbox

[0054] 12 second gearbox

[0055] 13 additional gearboxes

[0056] 20 additional drive systems

[0057] 21 first switchable clutch

[0058] 22 second switchable clutch

[0059] 23 additional switchable clutch

[0060] 30 machines

[0061] S10 Determining a gear ratio

[0062] S20 Determining a switching time

[0063] S30 Switching the first clutch

[0064] S40 Switching the second clutch

[0065] S50 Shifting the first gear

[0066] S60 Shifting the second gear

Claims

Patent claims 1. Drive system (10) comprising: - a first electrical machine (1); - at least one second electrical machine (2); and - a collecting wheel (5), wherein the first electric machine (1) and the at least one second electric machine (2) are coupled to the collecting wheel (5) via at least one switchable transmission (11, 12, 13) and / or via at least one switchable clutch.

2. Drive system (10) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the at least one switchable transmission (11, 12, 13) has at least two gears.

3. Drive system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one switchable clutch (21, 22, 23), in particular in each case, is arranged between the electric machine and the transmission (11, 12, 13) and / or between the transmission (11, 12, 13) and the collecting gear (5).

4. Drive system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive system (10) is designed to switch the at least one clutch (21, 22, 23) and to switch the at least one switchable transmission (11, 12, 13).

5. Drive system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive system (10) is designed to be connected in series with at least one further drive system, in particular via a series connection of the collecting wheels.

6. Drive system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one switchable transmission (11, 12, 13) is a planetary gear comprising a first brake and a second brake, wherein the first brake is designed to actuate a planet carrier of the planetary gear against a housing of the planetary gear; wherein the second brake is configured to support a ring gear of the planetary gear against the housing of the planetary gear; and comprising a first freewheel and a second freewheel, wherein the first freewheel is configured to connect the ring gear of the planetary gear to the output in a ring gear rotation direction, and wherein the second freewheel is configured to connect the planet carrier of the planetary gear to the output of the at least one switchable transmission (11, 12, 13) in a planet carrier rotation direction that is opposite to the ring gear rotation direction.

7. Drive system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first electrical machine (1) and the second electrical machine (2) are identical or that the first electrical machine (1) and the second electrical machine (2) are different.

8. A method for operating a drive system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the method comprises: Switching the at least one switchable clutch (21, 22, 23); and / or switching the at least one switchable transmission (11, 12, 13).

9. Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the method comprises: - switching (S30) the at least one clutch (21) via which the first electric machine (1) is coupled to the collecting gear (5); and / or - switching (S40) the at least one clutch (22) via which the second electric machine (2) is coupled to the collecting gear (5); and / or - switching (S50) the at least one transmission (11) via which the first electric machine (1) is coupled to the collecting gear (5); and / or - switching (S60) the at least one transmission (12) via which the at least one second electric machine (2) is coupled to the collecting gear (5).

10. Method according to one of the preceding claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the method further comprises: Detecting a load, in particular a load jump, on the drive system (10), in particular on the coupling of the first electrical machine and / or the at least one second electrical machine; Determining (S10) a gear ratio for the at least one switchable transmission (11, 12, 13) based on the detected load; and / or Determining (S20) a switching time for the at least one transmission (11, 12, 13) for changing the transmission ratio and / or for opening or Closing the at least one switchable clutch (21, 22, 23); Shifting the at least one shiftable transmission (11, 12, 13) based on the determined transmission ratio and / or based on the determined shifting time and / or Switching the at least one clutch (21, 22, 23) based on the determined gear ratio and / or the determined switching time.

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