Pile foundation element

Abstract

Pile foundation element (1), comprising: - a steel frame (2) to which an object (3) to be founded can be connected - at least one pile (4) which is connected to the steel frame (2) via a screw connection (6) secured by at least one nut (5), so that forces acting on the steel frame (2) can be transferred through the screw connection (6) and the at least one pile (4) into the subsoil (10) Pile foundation with such a pile foundation element (1), arrangement with such a pile foundation and an object (3) to be founded and method for producing such an arrangement.

Description

[0001] The disclosure relates to a pile foundation element, a pile foundation with at least one such pile foundation element, an arrangement with such a pile foundation, and a method for grounding an object.

[0002] According to current best practices, objects requiring foundations, such as masts and supports, are usually fixed to reinforced concrete foundations, and the associated loads are transferred through the reinforced concrete foundation into the surrounding subsoil. Excavation is always necessary for the construction of these foundations.

[0003] On steep terrain, and depending on the slope, excavation work requires slope stabilization, which represents a significant intervention in the natural environment. Larger supports and masts necessitate extensive foundations for load transfer, requiring vast quantities of concrete and steel reinforcement. Since slope stabilization (e.g., shotcrete nail walls) and larger excavations can only be carried out using excavators, extensive construction roads and access routes are often required.

[0004] As a variation of the common heavy-duty reinforced concrete foundations, reinforced concrete foundations with underlying piles are sometimes used. The typical structure of such a steel foundation with piles is as follows: The steel structure is bolted to the foundation using threaded rods embedded in concrete. Steel plates are screwed to the lower ends of the threaded rods, transferring the forces to the reinforcement. The reinforced concrete then transfers the forces to the piles at the base of the foundation.

[0005] The current state of the art has a number of disadvantages: Additional load input due to the weight of reinforcement and concrete on the subsoil; significant interventions in nature and large excavations required; excess soil must be transported and disposed of or deposited on site; in soft subsoil, the creation of an additional bearing surface, e.g., with a concrete leveling layer, is necessary; considerable time expenditure for the construction of slope stabilization, shotcrete nail walls, and reinforced concrete foundations; higher construction costs for the construction of slope stabilization, shotcrete nail walls, and massive reinforced concrete foundations; significantly lower sustainability due to the use of concrete and cement; environmental influences (freeze / thaw cycles, UV exposure, etc.) cause the concrete to weather over the years; shorter service life due to concrete aging, the formation of cracks, and reinforcement corrosion.Construction is only possible with heavy equipment (excavators, drilling rigs) – resulting in significant damage to the surrounding area. The use of heavy equipment necessitates construction roads and access routes. The rigid and massive foundations create barriers to surface water runoff, leading to concentrated water runoff that promotes soil erosion. The massive slope stabilization and heavy foundations have a detrimental impact on the natural environment and the landscape. Subsequent dismantling of such reinforced concrete foundations after their service life is difficult or only possible with considerable effort.

[0006] It is a task to provide a pile foundation element, a pile foundation with at least one such pile foundation element, an arrangement with such a pile foundation and a method for foundationing an object, in which at least some of the above disadvantages, preferably all disadvantages, are at least reduced, preferably eliminated.

[0007] This problem is solved by a pile foundation element with the features of claim 1, a pile foundation with at least one such pile foundation element, an arrangement with such a pile foundation and a method for foundationing an object with the features of claim 15.

[0008] The pile foundation element comprises a steel frame, at least one pile, and fill material.

[0009] The steel frame can be connected (possibly via further elements) to an object to be founded and is designed as a hollow body.

[0010] At least one of the posts is positioned with one of its ends inside the hollow body.

[0011] The filling material is poured into the hollow body in a flowable state and surrounds at least one pile at least partially and connects it to the steel frame, so that forces acting on the steel frame can be transferred via the solidified filling material to the at least one pile and via this into the subsoil.

[0012] Therefore, no concrete is required outside the pile foundation element, thus avoiding the disadvantages of the prior art.

[0013] A pile foundation has a base body to which an object to be founded can be connected and on which at least two pile foundation elements are arranged according to the present disclosure.

[0014] It is possible to choose the geometry of the base body, the arrangement of the at least two pile foundation elements on the base body, and the number and orientation of the piles of the respective pile foundation elements depending on the object to be founded and the properties of the terrain in which the object is to be founded.

[0015] An arrangement comprises a pile foundation according to the present disclosure, wherein an object to be founded in the form of a support, in particular a lift support, or a mast, in particular a high-voltage mast, overhead line mast for railway lines or mobile phone mast, is placed on the base body and the base body is anchored to the subsoil by the at least two pile foundation elements.

[0016] A procedure for foundation an object includes at least the following steps: Providing a base body of at least one pile foundation according to the disclosure, wherein the base body comprises a number of steel frames; arranging the base body on or in the subsoil; drilling the piles through the respective steel frames into the subsoil; filling the hollow bodies of the steel frames with the filler material in a flowable state, such that the filler material, in its solidified state, connects at least one pile to the steel frame; after the filler material has solidified, connecting an object to be founded to the at least one base body to create the arrangement according to the disclosure.

[0017] A pile foundation element, a pile foundation and an arrangement according to the present disclosure have a number of advantages: No or minimal excavation of earth and rock is required; less impact on nature (especially in high mountains, avoiding lengthy revitalization processes of flora and fauna); resource conservation (elimination of concrete and soil excavation, landfill); easier obtaining of (nature conservation) permits in the future; no construction roads, access roads, damage to fields, etc.; on steep terrain, slope cuttings with (shotcrete) stabilization are no longer necessary due to the lack of excavation; no foundation concrete or reinforcement is required; due to reduced material usage and the possibility of carrying out the pile drilling manually, the location of the foundation becomes independent of the terrain, and foundation work is easily possible even on the steepest sections; no excess soil (difficult to dispose of in the terrain); reduced construction time (no concrete, fewer transports, etc.).No lifting equipment is required to lift the concrete from the airfield to the foundation, regardless of the soil conditions (conventional concrete construction often requires creating a uniform bearing surface with infill concrete). Deep foundations are used. This means that the load is transferred into deeper soil layers, resulting in: reduced soil risk for the client, as loads can always be transferred by adjusting the pile lengths; independence from the soil conditions (the foundation works in bedrock, non-cohesive loose material, cohesive soils, and mixed soils); manageable additional costs for longer piles and increased grouting in different soil types; less construction delay risk and more precise planning; and reduced environmental influences (freeze / thaw cycles, UV exposure, etc.).) cause the concrete to weather over the years, this is not the case with the concrete-free version, therefore less wear and longer service life, dismantling and demolition are easier to implement, since only the removal of the piles is necessary to completely remove a support including the substructure.

[0018] Advantageous embodiments are defined in the dependent claims.

[0019] In one embodiment, the filling material completely fills the hollow body. This ensures that there is a sufficient connection for force transmission between the at least one post and the filling material on the one hand, and between the filling material and the steel frame on the other.

[0020] In one embodiment, the filling material completely surrounds the at least one stake within the hollow body. This maximizes the contact area available for force transmission between the at least one stake and the filling material.

[0021] In one embodiment, the filling material consists of: Shrinkage-compensated special mortar, high-strength epoxy resin, binder suspension, special concrete

[0022] In one embodiment, a screw connection is provided within the hollow body and surrounded by the filling material. This screw connection has at least one nut and a thread interacting with it, which is arranged at least in one end region of the at least one pile. This results in an improved force-transmitting connection between the pile and the filling material because the screw connection acts like an anchor.

[0023] Particularly preferred is the provision that the screw connection comprises two nuts between which a pile plate is arranged, and preferably that the pile plate has at least one recess for at least partial reception of one of the nuts, wherein the recess has a cross-section complementary to the nut. This results in an improved force-transmitting connection between the pile and the fill material, because the screw connection acts like an anchor.

[0024] In one embodiment, the hollow body is covered at its top by a cover. Such a cover provides weather protection for the filling material. If the filling material in the hollow body extends up to the cover, for example, by completely filling the hollow body with filling material, forces between the pile end and the filling material can be distributed across the surface of the cover, thus counteracting the risk of the pile end being punctured by the top of the filling material. This effect could be achieved without a cover if the hollow body itself were closed at its top. In this case, however, installing a screw connection from above would not be as easy as if the hollow body itself were open at its top and only closed later by a cover.

[0025] In one embodiment, a buckling protection tube is provided, which encloses at least one pile at least outside the steel frame.

[0026] In one embodiment, it is provided that, with the help of a pile neck reinforcement that is flexible in length, the freestanding piles can be permanently additionally protected against buckling failure and against external influences such as rockfall or avalanches, regardless of the slope.

[0027] Regardless of the aforementioned pile neck reinforcement, an additional protective tube could optionally be installed on one or more piles to protect against external influences.

[0028] In one embodiment, a cover is provided at the end of the at least one post which is adjacent to the steel frame, and this cover is preferably provided with a corrosion protection compound.

[0029] In one embodiment, the steel frame is designed in one piece, which is advantageous both in terms of manufacturing (e.g. by means of casting processes) and with regard to the transmission of forces.

[0030] In one embodiment, the steel frame is provided with at least one filling opening for the filling material. This allows the filling material to be added after all components have been fully assembled.

[0031] In one embodiment, the steel frame is provided with at least one vent opening. This allows for faster filling of the filling material, as there is no risk of air bubbles forming.

[0032] In one embodiment of a pile foundation, it is provided that the at least two pile foundation elements are either formed integrally with the base body or are connected to the base body, preferably welded.

[0033] In one embodiment of the method, a hollow socket for receiving individual uprights can be provided in the center of the steel base frame. This socket compensates for positional inaccuracies and allows for fine adjustment of the masts. After the mast uprights have been adjusted, the sockets in the center of the steel frames can be filled with a force-fit connection.

[0034] In one embodiment of the method, the pile heads can be mounted using a plate-holding wrench and a nut wrench. In conjunction with a pile plate featuring a nut recess, the pile head can be held as desired and the nuts tightened; loosening the lower nut is not possible.

[0035] The embodiments can be combined in any way, insofar as this is technically feasible.

[0036] The embodiments are discussed with reference to the figures. Figure 1 shows an arrangement with three pile foundations and an object founded on the pile foundations in a sloping terrain. Figure 2 shows an isometric view of part of a sectioned pile foundation. Figure 3 shows a detail of an arrangement. Figure 4 shows a detail about Figure 3 . Figure 5 shows a pile foundation in a first view. Figure 6 The pile foundation shows Figure 5 in another view. Figure 7 shows an isometric view of a sectioned representation of the basic body of a pile foundation. Figure 8 shows Figure 7 shows a detailed view of a sectioned representation of the basic body of a pile foundation. Figure 9 shows an arrangement in a first view. Figure 10 shows the arrangement of Figure 9 in a second view. Figure 11 shows an isometric view of a sectioned arrangement of Figures 9 and 10 . Figure 12shows a post. Figure 13 shows a pile plate. Figure 14 shows a step in the assembly of a pile head in a steel frame. Figure 15 shows a further step in the assembly of a pile head in a steel frame.

[0037] The depiction of the filling material was omitted in all figures.

[0038] In Figure 1 The diagram schematically shows an arrangement with a pile foundation 1 and an object 3 in the form of a mast, which is founded on the pile foundation 1 in a sloping terrain.

[0039] In Figure 2The figure shows a pile foundation with a base body 7, which is integrally connected to several steel frames 2, three of which are visible in this figure. In contrast to the illustration, a multi-part design of steel frames 2 and base body 7 with subsequent connection could also be provided. As shown, each steel frame 2 shares a wall forming its hollow body with the base body 7.

[0040] Figure 3 The chart shows the pile foundation with 10 piles anchored in the ground and the object to be founded on 3.

[0041] In Figure 4 is a detail of the Figure 3 shown. The screw connection with the two nuts 5 can be seen, between which a pile plate 13 (see also) Figure 13) is clamped. The filling material was introduced into the hollow body via filling openings 11, allowing air to escape through the vent opening 12. The hollow body is covered on its upper side by a cover 8.

[0042] The Figures 5 and 6 show an example of a pile foundation with four pile foundation elements 1, each of which has a single pile 4.

[0043] In Figure 7 A one-piece formation of base body 7 and steel frame 2 of the pile foundation elements 1 is shown.

[0044] In Figure 8 The dashed line shows the part of the pile foundation formed by a pile foundation element 1, separated from the base body 7.

[0045] The Figures 9 and 10 The figures show an arrangement with eight pile foundation elements 1 in different views. Figure 11 This shows a detail.

[0046] Figure 12Figure 1 shows in isolation a pile 4 with nuts 5 screwed onto a thread 6, between which a pile plate 13 is arranged. How Figure 14 As shown, the pile plate 13 is provided with a recess 14 which has a shape complementary to the nut 5.

[0047] Especially from the Figures 2, 3 and 6 The possibility arises that a hollow quiver can be provided in the middle of the steel frame 2 to accommodate individual uprights, with the help of which positional inaccuracies can be compensated for and masts can be finely adjusted.

[0048] The Figures 14 and 15 This shows how the pile heads can be mounted using a plate holding wrench and a nut wrench. In conjunction with a pile plate 13 with a nut recess (recess 14), the pile head can be held as desired and the nuts 5 can be tightened; loosening the lower nut 5 is not possible. Reference symbol:

[0049] 1 Pile foundation element 2 Steel frame 3 Object to be founded 4 Pile 5 Nut 6 Thread on the pile 7 Base body of the pile foundation 8 Cover of the hollow body 9 Anti-kinking tube 10 Subsoil 11 Filling opening for fill material 12 Venting opening 13 Pile plate 14 Recess

Claims

1. Pile foundation element (1), comprising: - a steel frame (2) designed as a hollow body, with which an object (3) to be founded can be connected - at least one pile (4) which is arranged with one of its ends in the hollow body - a solidified filling mass connecting the at least one pile (4) to the steel frame (2) so that forces acting on the steel frame (2) can be transferred via the filling mass to the at least one pile (4) and via this into the subsoil (10).

2. Pile foundation element according to the preceding claim, wherein the filling material completely fills the hollow body.

3. Pile foundation element according to one of the two preceding claims, wherein the filling material completely surrounds the at least one pile (4) within the hollow body.

4. Pile foundation element according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the filling material consists of: - shrinkage-compensated special mortar - high-strength epoxy resin - binder suspension - special concrete 5. Pile foundation element according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein a screw connection is provided which is located in the hollow body and surrounded by the filling material, which has at least one nut (5) and a thread (6) cooperating with it, which is arranged at least in an end region of the at least one pile (4).

6. Pile foundation element according to the preceding claim, wherein the screw connection has two nuts (5) between which a pile plate (13) is arranged, wherein it is preferably provided that the pile plate (13) has at least one recess (14) for at least partial reception of one of the nuts (5).

7. Pile foundation element according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the hollow body is covered at its upper side by a cover (8).

8. Pile foundation element according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein at least outside the steel frame (2) a buckling protection tube (9) enclosing the at least one pile (4) extends.

9. Pile foundation element according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein a cover is provided at the end of the at least one pile (4) which is adjacent to the steel frame (2), which is preferably provided with a corrosion protection compound.

10. Pile foundation element according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the steel frame (2) is formed in one piece.

11. Pile foundation element according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the steel frame (2) has at least one filling opening (11) for the filling material and / or at least one venting opening (12).

12. Pile foundation with a base body (7) on which an object (3) to be founded can be placed and on which at least two pile foundation elements (1) are arranged according to at least one of the preceding claims.

13. Pile foundation according to the preceding claim, wherein the at least two pile foundation elements (1) are either formed integrally with the base body (7) or are connected to the base body (7), preferably welded.

14. Arrangement with a pile foundation according to one of the two preceding claims, wherein the base body (7) is connected to an object (3) to be founded in the form of a support, in particular a lift support, or a mast, in particular a high-voltage mast, overhead line mast for railway lines or mobile phone mast, and the base body (7) is anchored to the subsoil (10) by the at least two pile foundation elements (1).

15. Method for producing an arrangement according to the preceding claim using at least one pile foundation according to claim 12, comprising at least the following steps: - providing a base body (7) of at least one pile foundation according to claim 12, wherein the base body (7) comprises a number of steel frames (2) - arranging the base body (7) on or in the subsoil - drilling the piles (4) through the respective steel frames (2) into the subsoil (10) - filling the filler material in a flowable state into the hollow bodies of the steel frames (2) such that, in the solidified state, the filler material connects at least one pile (4) to the steel frame (2) - after the filler material has solidified, connecting an object (3) to be founded to the at least one base body (7) to produce the arrangement according to the preceding claim.

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