A slope ecological restoration system

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of environmental management technology, and more particularly to a kind of slope ecological restoration system, including slope structure, the top of the slope structure is equipped with slope top structure, the bottom of the slope structure is equipped with retaining wall, the connecting place of the slope top structure and the retaining wall with the slope structure is equipped with drainage ditch, the surface of the slope structure is anchored with grid type reinforced structure, ecological soil is equipped in the grid type reinforced structure, vegetation layer is equipped in the ecological soil;The ecological soil is composed of 100 parts of undisturbed soil, 0.3~0.9 parts of guar gum, 1 part of organic fertilizer, 10 parts of water.The system of the present application significantly improves soil shear strength and vegetation coverage, reduces soil and water loss, and achieves rapid construction of complex terrain through modular reinforced structure, especially suitable for ecological restoration and soil and water conservation of high and steep rock slope.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental governance technology, specifically to a slope ecological restoration system. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional slope restoration techniques typically combine relatively simple engineering and ecological measures. A typical approach involves leveling the slope surface and then directly covering it with ordinary soil or imported topsoil; vegetation restoration is then achieved through artificial sowing, laying turf, or planting shrub seedlings. For slopes with poor stability, simple engineering structures may be used, such as masonry or concrete retaining walls, or laying ordinary geogrids or wire mesh for surface soil stabilization. However, these traditional slope restoration techniques suffer from insufficient soil mechanical properties and low vegetation survival rates, resulting in unsatisfactory restoration outcomes. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a slope ecological restoration system.

[0004] A slope ecological restoration system includes a slope structure, a top structure at the top of the slope structure, a retaining wall at the bottom of the slope structure, drainage ditches at the connection points of the top structure and the retaining wall with the slope structure, a grid-type reinforced structure anchored on the surface of the slope structure, ecological soil inside the grid-type reinforced structure, and a vegetation layer inside the ecological soil. The ecological soil, by weight, consists of 100 parts of unprocessed soil, 0.3 to 0.9 parts of guar gum, 0.5 to 1.2 parts of organic fertilizer, and 9 to 12 parts of water.

[0005] The system of this invention significantly improves the soil shear strength and vegetation coverage by setting ecological soil. At the same time, the ecological soil promotes plant growth and provides soil conditions to ensure the restoration of slope vegetation. It is suitable for the ecological restoration and soil and water conservation of steep rock slopes.

[0006] Preferably, when preparing the ecological soil, it is mechanically stirred evenly and then sealed and cured for 7 days, and the thickness of the ecological soil is 20cm.

[0007] Preferably, the organic fertilizer contains ≥5% total nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients and ≥45% organic matter.

[0008] Preferably, when anchoring the grid-type reinforced structure, the anchoring point spacing is 0.8m to 1m.

[0009] A further preferred setting is an anchoring point spacing of 0.9m.

[0010] Preferably, the retaining wall is made of masonry, the height of the retaining wall is 50cm to 100cm, the thickness of the retaining wall is 30cm to 40cm, and the length of the retaining wall is consistent with the bottom edge of the slope structure.

[0011] More preferably, the height of the retaining wall is 70cm and the thickness of the retaining wall is 35cm.

[0012] Preferably, the drainage ditch has a width of 30cm to 40cm and a depth of 40cm to 50cm, and the minimum longitudinal drainage slope of the drainage ditch is ≥0.3%; the longitudinal drainage slope refers to the percentage of the longitudinal height difference of the bottom edge of the drainage ditch to the horizontal distance.

[0013] More preferably, the drainage ditch has a width of 35cm and a depth of 45cm.

[0014] Preferably, the top of the drainage ditch is covered with a permeable geotextile, the permeable geotextile having a basis weight of 200 g / m². 2 ~500g / m 2 .

[0015] More preferably, the permeable geotextile has a basis weight of 300 g / m². 2 .

[0016] Preferably, the drainage ditch is filled with gravel, the gravel having a particle size of 20mm to 40mm and a gravel layer permeability coefficient of 0.1cm / s to 1cm / s.

[0017] More preferably, the gravel has a particle size of 30 mm, and the permeability coefficient of the gravel layer composed of the gravel is 0.5 cm / s.

[0018] Preferably, the vegetation layer is formed by planting a mixture of drought-resistant and native plant seeds at a mass ratio of 1:1, with a planting density of 5g / m² to 10g / m², and then covering it with a water-retaining film.

[0019] A further preferred planting density is 8 g / m².

[0020] Preferably, the drought-resistant plant is alfalfa.

[0021] A slope ecological restoration method includes the following steps: (1) Slope treatment: Remove large pieces of gravel from the slope surface and level it; (2) Construction of reinforced structure: Lay CX600 clamped composite grid / cell on the slope and anchor it; (3) Construction of retaining wall and drainage system: a masonry retaining wall is built at the bottom of the slope, and a drainage ditch is set up on the inside of the retaining wall and filled with graded gravel and covered with permeable geotextile. (4) Ecological soil laying: Ecological soil is laid on the reinforced structure; Ecological soil is obtained by adding guar gum and fertilizer to the original soil in proportion, adding water and mixing evenly, controlling the moisture content, and sealing and curing. (5) Planting vegetation: Sow seeds on the surface of the ecological soil improvement layer, cover with water-retaining film and maintain.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The system of this invention significantly improves soil shear strength and vegetation coverage, reduces soil erosion, and enables rapid construction on complex terrain through modular reinforced structures. It is especially suitable for ecological restoration and soil and water conservation of steep rock slopes.

[0023] Direct shear tests, unconfined compressive strength tests, and disintegration tests revealed that the incorporation of guar gum significantly enhanced the soil's shear strength, compressive strength, and water stability, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the improved soil. Chlorophyll testing showed a significant increase in chlorophyll content in the improved soil, with a 56.0% increase in total chlorophyll content, verifying the promoting effect of guar gum on plant growth and providing soil conditions for slope vegetation restoration. These soil stabilization measures effectively improved slope stability and promoted vegetation restoration. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 The curves show the relationship between shear stress and shear displacement under different normal stresses, where A is the normal stress of 50 kPa, B is the normal stress of 100 kPa, C is the normal stress of 150 kPa, and D is the normal stress of 200 kPa.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a curve showing the relationship between shear strength and vertical pressure.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a specimen for unconfined compressive strength testing.

[0027] Figure 4 Figure 1 shows the unconfined compressive strength test results of a soil sample with 0% guar gum content.

[0028] Figure 5 Figure 1 shows the unconfined compressive strength test results of a soil sample with 0.3% guar gum content.

[0029] Figure 6 Figure 1 shows the unconfined compressive strength test results of a soil sample with 0.6% guar gum content.

[0030] Figure 7 Figure 1 shows the unconfined compressive strength test results of a soil sample with 0.9% guar gum content.

[0031] Figure 8 Figure 1 shows the unconfined compressive strength test results of a soil sample with 1.2% guar gum content.

[0032] Figure 9 Figure 1 shows the unconfined compressive strength test results of a soil sample with 1.5% guar gum content.

[0033] Figure 10 This is a curve showing the relationship between axial stress and axial strain.

[0034] Figure 11 It represents the unconfined compressive strength.

[0035] Figure 12 This is a disintegrating sample.

[0036] Figure 13 The soil sample with zero admixture disintegrated.

[0037] Figure 14 This is a comparison chart of chlorophyll content.

[0038] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the experimental field.

[0039] Figure 16 This shows the vegetation growth in the experimental field.

[0040] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the slope ecological restoration system of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the slope ecological restoration system in Example 1. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods described in the embodiments of the present invention are conventional methods.

[0043] The geographical location of the restoration area of ​​this invention is as follows: Zhashui County is located in the northwest of Shangluo City, Shaanxi Province. It borders Shangzhou District and Shanyang County to the east, Zhen'an County to the south, Ningshan County to the west, and Chang'an District and Lantian County of Xi'an City to the north. It lies between 108°50′ and 109°41′ east longitude and 33°20′ and 34° north latitude, with an east-west length of 72 kilometers and a north-south width of 42 kilometers, covering an area of ​​2,332 square kilometers. The Daxigou mining area is located in Xiaoling Town, Zhashui County. It is a low-to-medium mountainous area with complex terrain, strong downcutting, steep slopes, and well-developed gullies, belonging to tectonic erosion landforms. The general elevation is between 1,000 and 1,600 meters, with the highest point at 1,857.5 meters, located in the northwest of the mining area. The lowest point is located at the intersection of the Daxigou outlet and Chepenggou, with an elevation of about 1,000 meters. The terrain generally slopes from west to east.

[0044] The climatic conditions of the remediation area described in this invention are as follows: The mining area is located in the transitional climate zone between the warm temperate and cool subtropical regions, exhibiting monsoon climate characteristics with distinct seasons. Due to its enclosed topography and local environmental influences, the average annual precipitation is around 750 mm, mainly concentrated from July to September. The rivers in the mining area are all upstream tributaries of the Jinqian River, a tributary of the Han River system in the Yangtze River basin. The northern part is the Daxigou River, and the eastern part is the Chepenggou River; both are perennial rivers. The Daxigou River flows into the Chepenggou River in the northeastern part of the mining area, with an average daily runoff of 436.5 m³ / d.

[0045] The geological structure and strata of the restoration area described in this invention are as follows: Geologically, the mining area is located in the northern part of the Qinling orogenic belt, on the northern edge of the passive continental margin of the South China Plate, between the Liuling foreland basin and the Fengxian-Zhen'an continental margin slope zone. Folds and faults are not well developed, and the strata exposed are mainly the Middle Devonian Qingshiya Formation D2Q, a monoclinic rock layer dipping northeast at an angle of 20°~45°. The lithology consists of light gray medium- to thin-layered siltstone, calcareous siltstone interbedded with silty slate, limestone, and gray to dark gray sericite slate and silty slate. Siderite and polymetallic minerals are hosted in the sericite and silty slate D2Ql.

[0046] The undisturbed soil used in this invention was collected from a slope in Daxigou, Zhashui County, Shaanxi Province. Based on the geotechnical testing method standard GB / T50123-2019, the basic physical and mechanical test parameters of the soil sample were measured: the natural density of the soil was obtained using the ring cutter method; the natural moisture content and dry density of the soil were obtained using the oven-drying method; the liquid and plastic limits of the soil were determined using the combined liquid and plastic limit determination method; and the optimum moisture content was determined using the compaction test. A series of physical and mechanical parameters of the soil obtained through the experiments are shown in Table 1.

[0047] Table 1: Physical parameters of the soil.

[0048]

[0049] Example 1 A slope ecological restoration system, such as Figures 17-18 The structure includes a slope structure 1, a top slope structure 2 at the top of the slope structure 1, a retaining wall 3 at the bottom of the slope structure 1, drainage ditches 4 at the connection points of the top slope structure 2 and the retaining wall 3 with the slope structure 1, a grid-type reinforced structure 5 anchored on the surface of the slope structure 1, ecological soil inside the grid-type reinforced structure 5, and a vegetation layer inside the ecological soil. The ecological soil, by weight, consists of 100 parts of unprocessed soil, 0.6 parts of guar gum, 1.0 part of organic fertilizer, and 10 parts of water.

[0050] When preparing the ecological soil, it is mechanically stirred evenly and then sealed and cured for 7 days. The thickness of the ecological soil is 20cm.

[0051] The organic fertilizer is a commercial organic fertilizer with a total nutrient content of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium of ≥5% and an organic matter content of ≥45%.

[0052] When the grid-type reinforced structure 5 is anchored, the anchoring point spacing is 0.9m.

[0053] The retaining wall 3 is made of masonry, the height of the retaining wall 3 is 70cm, the thickness of the retaining wall 3 is 35cm, and the length of the retaining wall 3 is the same as the bottom edge of the slope structure 1.

[0054] The drainage ditch 4 has a width of 35cm, a depth of 45cm, and a minimum longitudinal drainage slope of 0.5%.

[0055] The top of the drainage ditch 4 is covered with a permeable geotextile 6, the permeable geotextile 6 having a basis weight of 300g / m².

[0056] The drainage ditch 4 is filled with gravel with a particle size of 30 mm and a gravel layer permeability coefficient of 0.5 cm / s.

[0057] The vegetation layer consists of a mixture of drought-resistant plants and native species, with a seed planting density of 8 g / m², and is covered with a water-retaining film after planting.

[0058] The drought-resistant plant is alfalfa, and the native species is mugwort. The planting ratio of alfalfa to mugwort is 1:1.

[0059] Verification of the effects of ecological soil: 1. Direct shear test.

[0060] Weigh guar gum and add it to the sieved undisturbed soil, resulting in guar gum concentrations of 0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9%, and 1.2%. Stir for 5 minutes, then add water to the mixed soil to prepare a soil sample with a moisture content of 17.5%. Continue stirring for 5 minutes to thoroughly mix the undisturbed soil and guar gum, ensuring consistent moisture content throughout. After stirring, seal and store for one day to allow the sample moisture to become uniform. Use a static pressure loading device for sample compaction. Before compaction, calculate the amount of soil required to prepare a 61.8 × 20 mm sample, then add the soil sample to the mold for compaction. After compaction, wrap the sample with plastic wrap, seal and store it in an insulated container at a constant temperature of approximately 20°C for 7 days before conducting the test.

[0061] Direct shear tests were conducted using a ZJ-type strain-controlled direct shear apparatus manufactured by Nanjing Soil Instrument Factory. The specimen size was a ring sample measuring 61.8 cm × 20 cm. Soil samples with each admixture were subjected to direct shear tests at a shear rate of 0.8 mm / min under axial pressures σ = 50 kPa, 100 kPa, 150 kPa, and 200 kPa. The shear stress was calculated using the following formula: ; Where τ is the shear stress in kPa, C is the calibration coefficient of the force gauge in N / 0.01 mm, and A0 is the sample area.

[0062] Plot the relationship between shear stress and shear displacement on the x-axis and shear stress on the y-axis, as shown in the following figure. Figure 1 :by Figure 1 The peak shear stress is used as the shear strength. A curve showing the relationship between shear strength and vertical pressure is plotted as follows: Figure 2 .

[0063] according to Figure 2 The values ​​of c and φ were calculated using the Mohr-Coulomb strength criterion and summarized in Table 2.

[0064] Table 2: Shear strength parameters.

[0065]

[0066] The incorporation of guar gum can significantly improve the shear strength of soil. Among them, the soil improved with 0.3% guar gum showed the best improvement effect, with an increase of about 50% in shear strength. The incorporation of guar gum also increased the soil cohesion and internal friction angle. The cohesion of the 0.3% guar gum sample increased the most significantly, while the internal friction angle first increased and then decreased with the increase of guar gum content.

[0067] 2. Unconfined compressive strength test.

[0068] Weigh guar gum and add it to the sieved undisturbed soil, resulting in guar gum concentrations of 0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9%, and 1.2%. Stir for 5 minutes, then add the calculated amount of water to the mixed soil to prepare a soil sample with a moisture content of 17.5%. Continue stirring for 5 minutes to thoroughly mix the undisturbed soil and guar gum, ensuring consistent moisture content throughout. After stirring, seal and store for one day to allow the sample moisture to become uniform. Use a static pressure loading device for sample pressing. Based on the amount of soil required to prepare a 50×100mm sample, add the soil sample to the mold in three portions at a ratio of 2:2:1, pressing after each addition, and then roughen the surface. After pressing, demold the sample, wrap it in plastic wrap, seal it, and store it in an insulated container at a constant temperature of approximately 20℃ for 7 days before testing.

[0069] The YSH-2 unconfined pressure testing instrument manufactured by Nanjing Ningxi Soil Instruments Co., Ltd. was used. The specimens were cylindrical samples measuring 50mm × 100mm. (See attached image.) Figure 3 By maintaining a certain strain rate, the stress-strain curve is obtained to determine the unconfined compressive strength of the specimen. The test is stopped when the specimen deformation reaches 9 mm.

[0070] When guar gum is not added, the sample is almost completely crushed and can hardly maintain its original shape. Figure 4 When 0.3% guar gum is added, the sample can be seen to roughly maintain the shape of a soil column, but large cracks develop that almost penetrate the entire soil mass. Figure 5 When guar gum was added at 0.6%, the sample maintained the shape of a soil column, but cracks developed that penetrated most of the soil. Compared with the soil sample with 0.3% guar gum, the number and size of cracks were reduced. Figure 6 Adding 0.9% guar gum significantly reduced the size of cracks in the sample, with the cracks mainly concentrated in the middle of the sample. Figure 7 When 1.2% guar gum is added, the sample remains largely intact with almost no cracks, except for a few small, parallel vertical cracks in the center of the sample. Figure 8 When 1.5% guar gum is added, the sample remains intact with almost no cracks. Figure 9 .

[0071] The collected data were processed, and a curve showing the relationship between axial stress and axial strain was plotted with axial strain as the abscissa and axial stress as the ordinate. Figure 10 .by Figure 10 The axial strain represented by the midpoint peak is the unconfined compressive strength of the soil sample, as shown in Table 3, and plotted. Figure 11 .

[0072] Table 3: Unconfined compressive strength.

[0073]

[0074] As can be seen from the figure, the soil sample with added guar gum had significantly fewer cracks than the soil without added guar gum. (See Table 3 for details.) Figure 12 The compressive strength of soil incorporating guar gum was significantly greater than that of unmodified soil. The compressive strength of modified soil increased with increasing guar gum content, with the largest increase in unconfined compressive strength observed when the content was between 0.3% and 0.6%. At a guar gum content of 0.9%, the compressive strength of the sample increased to 136.43% of that of the unmodified soil, demonstrating the best modification effect. Further increasing the guar gum content slightly decreased the compressive strength of the samples; when the guar gum content was 0.9%, the compressive strength of the sample was only 94.24% of that of the sample with a guar gum content of 0.9%.

[0075] 3. Disintegration test.

[0076] Weigh guar gum and add it to the sieved undisturbed soil, resulting in guar gum concentrations of 0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9%, and 1.2%. Stir for 5 minutes, then add the calculated amount of water to the mixed soil to prepare a soil sample with a moisture content of 17.5%. Continue stirring for 5 minutes to thoroughly mix the undisturbed soil and guar gum, ensuring consistent moisture content throughout. After stirring, seal and store for one day to allow the sample moisture to become uniform. Use a static pressure loading device for sample compaction. Before compaction, calculate the amount of soil required to prepare a 61.8×40mm sample, then add the soil sample to the mold for compaction. After compaction, wrap the sample with plastic wrap, seal and store it in an insulated container at a constant temperature of approximately 20℃ for 7 days before conducting the test.

[0077] This disintegration test used a soil disintegrator independently developed by Northwest University. The soil disintegrator mainly consists of a rectangular acrylic cylinder, a fixed support, a sample basket containing steel wire and stainless steel mesh, a weighing sensor, and a data acquisition unit. A 61.8mm × 40mm sample was used in this test. At the start of the test, the wire mesh containing the sample was vertically placed in water to completely submerge and disintegrate the sample. The submersion and disintegration process, as well as the change in sample mass, were recorded via video. After the mass stabilized, recording was stopped, and the change in sample mass over time and the disintegration rate H were obtained. The formula for calculating the disintegration rate H is: ; Where: H is the disintegration rate; Mmax is the saturated mass of the soil sample, i.e., the maximum mass of the soil sample before disintegration; M0 is the remaining mass after the soil disintegration is completed.

[0078] When the soil sample with zero admixture was placed in water, the soil particles mainly detached as powder and sank to the bottom of the container, and the water gradually became turbid. After a short period of disintegration, almost no soil remained on the hanging net, indicating that most of the sample had disintegrated. This reflects the poor disintegration resistance of the soil with zero admixture. After adding a small amount of guar gum to the soil, the sample did not disintegrate over a long period of time, and the disintegration rate was extremely small and negligible.

[0079] 4. Chlorophyll test.

[0080] Based on the experimental materials and amendments, eight experimental fields were systematically designed. (See...) Figure 15 Table 4.

[0081] Table 4: Material configuration for the experimental field.

[0082]

[0083] In Table 4, "plain soil" refers to the original soil, and "cell" refers to a single cell filled with soil.

[0084] (1) Healthy, mature leaves were sampled from the upper and middle parts of the vegetation layer in seven experimental plots (plots 2-8) on the restored slope. After sampling, the samples were quickly placed in ice boxes and brought back to the laboratory. The samples were gently washed with deionized water to remove surface dust, dried with filter paper, and the veins and other heterogeneous parts were removed. Then, 0.5g of fresh leaf tissue was accurately weighed using an analytical balance, placed in a pre-cooled mortar, and a small amount of quartz sand and liquid nitrogen were added. The mixture was quickly ground into a homogenate. 5ml of an equal volume mixture of 0.5g of fresh sample and ethanol and acetone was taken and shaken on a shaker at 25±2℃ for 1h at a speed of 150r / min. The extract was filtered and the absorbance was measured at 663 and 645nm using a UV spectrophotometer. The zeroing was performed using an equal volume mixture of ethanol and acetone, and then the chlorophyll content was measured using a chlorophyll meter.

[0085] Test results and data analysis: The chlorophyll test results are summarized in Table 5 below, and a chlorophyll content comparison chart is drawn. Figure 14 .

[0086] Table 5: Chlorophyll Test Results.

[0087]

[0088] Compared to Sample 2, the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll were significantly increased from Sample 3 to Sample 8. Among them, Sample 8 had the highest contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll, with the following increases compared to Sample 2: chlorophyll a increased by 56.4%; chlorophyll b increased by 55.7%; and total chlorophyll content increased by 56.0%.

[0089] (2) Through on-site planting experiments, we conducted an in-depth analysis of the application effectiveness of improved soil in actual ecological restoration scenarios.

[0090] The test site was a rock slope within the mining area of ​​Shaanxi Daxigou Mining Co., Ltd. The slope surface mainly consisted of gravel generated during mining, with no soil cover. During construction, the cells were first installed and anchored, then plain soil and improved soil were directly applied to the slope surface. The slope surface was then compacted, large pieces of gravel were removed, and finally, anchor mesh was installed and anchored securely. Alfalfa seeds were then sown and allowed to grow naturally.

[0091] This experiment set up 8 experimental fields, with the blank control group No. 1 as the baseline, to explore the effects of treatments such as plain soil / ecological soil, grid, and drainage system on plant growth. The grid was CX600 sandwich composite grid or cell. The changes in vegetation cover and soil condition at different time points, namely 0 days, 21 days, 53 days and 164 days, were observed.

[0092] The test results are as follows Figure 16As shown, the results indicate that compared to the unlined soil without grids in #2 and the ecological soil without grids in #7, #7 showed denser vegetation cover at all stages, especially at 164 days, indicating that the ecological soil formula provides a better environment for plant growth by improving soil nutrients and structure. The ecological soil + grid combination in #5 and #6, compared to the unlined soil + grid combination in #3 and #4, showed better vegetation growth rate and coverage, verifying that the ecological soil formula and soil stabilization measures work synergistically to enhance plant growth. Compared to the unlined soil without grids in #2, the unlined soil + grid combination in #3 and #4 showed higher soil stability and more uniform vegetation germination at 21 days, indicating that the grid / grid combination can enhance the slope's soil stabilization capacity and promote early vegetation establishment. The ecological soil + grid combination in #6 and #5, along with the ecological soil + grid combination, showed significantly higher vegetation cover at 53 and 164 days, indicating that the combination of the grid / grid combination and the ecological soil can both stabilize the soil and provide support for plant root expansion. In section #8, the combination of ecological soil, geogrid, and flexible drainage ditch resulted in uniform and lush vegetation cover after 164 days. The exposed rock strips in the middle did not hinder growth, indicating that the flexible drainage ditch effectively improved drainage conditions, reduced waterlogging stress on plants, and optimized the slope microenvironment. In contrast, section #1 (the blank control group) showed no significant vegetation cover throughout the entire period, and the soil structure remained unchanged, highlighting the crucial role of ecological soil, geogrid, and other artificial intervention measures in slope vegetation restoration.

[0093] Ecological soil formulations can significantly improve vegetation growth quality, while grids / cells enhance soil stabilization and vegetation establishment capabilities, and flexible drainage ditches optimize the drainage environment. Among these, the combination of "ecological soil + grid + drainage system (No. 8)" provides the best overall effect, offering a scientific solution for slope vegetation restoration projects. It is recommended that a multi-pronged approach be prioritized in practical applications.

[0094] (1) Guar gum significantly improves the mechanical properties of soil.

[0095] Direct shear tests, unconfined compressive strength tests, and disintegration tests revealed that the incorporation of guar gum significantly enhances the shear strength, compressive strength, and water stability of soil. Specifically, the improved soil with a 0.3% incorporation exhibited an approximately 50% increase in shear strength, and at a 0.9% incorporation, the compressive strength reached a peak of 200.97 kPa, a 36.43% increase compared to the undisturbed soil. Disintegration tests showed that the improved soil hardly disintegrated in water, demonstrating significantly enhanced water resistance.

[0096] (2) Ecological soil formula promotes plant growth.

[0097] The chlorophyll test results showed that the chlorophyll content of plants in the improved soil was significantly increased, with the total chlorophyll content increasing by 56.0%, which verified the promoting effect of guar gum-improved soil on plant growth and provided soil condition guarantee for slope vegetation restoration.

[0098] (3) On-site tests verify the synergistic repair effect of multiple measures.

[0099] Through comparison of 8 experimental fields, it was found that the combination of "8# ecological soil + grid + flexible drainage ditch" performed best in terms of vegetation coverage, soil stability and drainage efficiency. After 164 days, the vegetation coverage was uniform and lush, proving that this scheme is an efficient model for slope ecological restoration.

[0100] (4) The grid and cell enhance the soil stabilization capacity.

[0101] The initial vegetation establishment in the plain soil + grid / cell of No. 3 and No. 4 was more uniform than that in the plain soil without grid of No. 2, indicating that soil stabilization measures can effectively improve slope stability and promote vegetation recovery.

[0102] It should be noted that when numerical ranges are mentioned in the claims of this invention, it should be understood that the two endpoints of each numerical range and any value between the two endpoints can be selected. To avoid redundancy, the present invention describes preferred embodiments.

[0103] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0104] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A slope ecological restoration system, characterized in that, The structure includes a slope structure (1), a top slope structure (2) at the top of the slope structure (1), a retaining wall (3) at the bottom of the slope structure (1), drainage ditches (4) at the connection between the top slope structure (2) and the retaining wall (3) and the slope structure (1), a grid-type reinforced structure (5) anchored on the surface of the slope structure (1), ecological soil inside the grid-type reinforced structure (5), and a vegetation layer inside the ecological soil; The ecological soil, calculated by mass, consists of 100 parts of undisturbed soil, 0.3 to 0.9 parts of guar gum, 1.0 part of organic fertilizer, and 10 parts of water.

2. The slope ecological restoration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, When preparing the ecological soil, it is mechanically stirred evenly and then sealed and cured for 7 days. The thickness of the ecological soil is 20cm.

3. The slope ecological restoration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The organic fertilizer contains a total nutrient content of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium of ≥5% and an organic matter content of ≥45%.

4. The slope ecological restoration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, When anchoring the grid-type reinforced structure (5), the anchoring point spacing is 0.9m.

5. The slope ecological restoration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The retaining wall (3) is made of masonry, the height of the retaining wall (3) is 70cm, the thickness of the retaining wall (3) is 35cm, and the length of the retaining wall (3) is consistent with the bottom edge of the slope structure (1).

6. The slope ecological restoration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drainage ditch (4) has a width of 35cm and a depth of 45cm. The minimum longitudinal drainage slope of the drainage ditch (4) is ≥0.3%. The longitudinal drainage slope refers to the percentage of the longitudinal height difference of the bottom edge of the drainage ditch to the horizontal distance.

7. The slope ecological restoration system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The top of the drainage ditch (4) is covered with a permeable geotextile (6), the permeable geotextile (6) having a basis weight of 300g / m².

8. The slope ecological restoration system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The drainage ditch (4) is filled with gravel with a particle size of 30 mm and the permeability coefficient of the gravel layer is 0.5 cm / s.

9. The slope ecological restoration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vegetation layer consists of a 1:1 mass ratio of drought-resistant plants to native plants, planted at a density of 8 g / m², and covered with a water-retaining film after planting.

10. The slope ecological restoration system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The drought-resistant plant is alfalfa.

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