Insulating panel, insulating dowel and insulating system

Abstract

According to the invention, an at least two-layer insulation board (10) is proposed, comprising a first layer (11) of straw and a second layer (12) of wood fibers.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to an insulation board, an insulation anchor and an insulation system comprising an insulation board, an insulation anchor and a screw.

[0002] In view of the scarcity and rising cost of energy in recent years, the thermal insulation of buildings to save heating energy has become increasingly important.

[0003] Common insulation materials include foamed plastics such as polystyrene or polyurethane, mineral wool, glass wool or foam glass, mineral foams, wood fiber materials, plant or animal fibers, or reed boards. Insulation materials made from renewable raw materials, such as wood fiber boards, cork, or similar materials, are becoming increasingly popular.

[0004] Examples of insulation materials made from renewable raw materials include lignocellulose insulation boards, also known as wood fiber insulation boards or wood fiber insulating boards. These are formatted, soft fiberboards manufactured using either a dry or wet process, in which the fiber material is shaped and, if necessary, dried. Such insulation boards are widely used in construction for sound and heat insulation.

[0005] It is also known to construct insulation boards based on lignocellulose from several layers of different bulk density, whereby a distinction is made, for example, between load-bearing layers, which have a higher bulk density and are responsible for the stability and stiffness of the insulation board, and the actual insulation layers with a lower bulk density.

[0006] Multi-layered lignocellulose insulation boards are also known from DE 295 17 568 U1, wherein the individual layers of the insulation board are each lignocellulose layers with different densities, which are bonded together. The actual insulation layer, or contact layer, with which the insulation board is applied to the substrate to be insulated, has a bulk density of 155 kg / m³ to 180 kg / m³. With this bulk density, the insulation layer possesses sufficient strength to be attached directly to the masonry or the substrate to be insulated. However, particularly with uneven substrates, this type of attachment often presents difficulties in obtaining smooth exterior surfaces that can subsequently be easily plastered or wallpapered.

[0007] EP 2 216 454 A1 discloses a two-layer modular combined insulation board based on lignocellulose, comprising a flexurally rigid first insulation board as a module carrier board with a bulk density between 180 kg / m 3< and 280 kg / m 3< and a flexible second insulation board as a module compensation board with a bulk density between 30 kg / m 3< and 80 kg / m 3<, wherein the module carrier board and the module compensation board are bonded together.

[0008] Lignocellulose in the form of wood fibers is a renewable raw material, but it is relatively slow to regenerate and expensive.

[0009] The task was therefore to provide an insulation panel or insulation system that does not have the disadvantages of the state of the art described above.

[0010] The problem is solved according to the invention by an insulation board according to the features of claim 1, an insulation dowel according to the features of claim 8 and an insulation system according to the features of claim 15.

[0011] Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention are specified in the dependent patent claims.

[0012] The at least two-layer insulation board according to the invention comprises a first layer comprising straw and a second layer comprising wood fibers. The straw is pressed together with a binder to form the first layer, while the wood fibers are pressed together with a binder to form the second layer. The two layers can be glued or pressed together.

[0013] Straw is a cost-effective, rapidly renewable agricultural byproduct and can be sourced in an environmentally friendly way. Combining straw with wood fibers utilizes the excellent insulating properties of straw as well as the strength and flexibility of wood fibers. The wood fiber layer forms the contact layer with the substrate to be insulated and, due to its flexibility, conforms to and compensates for unevenness in the substrate. In this way, differences of up to 8 cm on the substrate can be seamlessly integrated. The insulation board can therefore be installed even on uneven surfaces and still form a smooth surface on the outside. The straw layer provides thermal insulation and can contribute to moisture regulation by absorbing excess moisture and releasing it back into the room air.By manufacturing part of the insulation board from straw, which is more cost-effective and faster-growing than wood fibers, the insulation board can be produced more cheaply and sustainably. The insulation board can be fastened with insulation anchors, thus eliminating the need for an adhesive layer and minimizing the risk of condensation and mold growth. The result is a more cost-effective, sustainable, flexible, breathable, and non-adhesive insulation board.

[0014] Preferably, the first layer contains more than 90% by weight, preferably more than 95% by weight, of straw. In particular, apart from a binder, the first layer consists essentially of straw.

[0015] Preferably, the second layer comprises more than 90% by weight, preferably more than 95% by weight, of wood fibers. In particular, apart from a binder, the second layer consists essentially of wood fibers.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first layer has a bulk density between 100 kg / m³ and 220 kg / m³, and the second layer has a bulk density between 20 kg / m³ and 100 kg / m³. The first layer can thus provide the required mechanical stability, while the second layer can exhibit the necessary flexibility to adapt to any unevenness in the substrate.

[0017] Preferably, the insulation board is treated with an insecticide. This design protects the insulation board from pest infestation. Therefore, such an insulation board is suitable for insulating buildings in regions with high pest populations or in buildings constructed using natural materials such as timber-framed houses or clay buildings.

[0018] The insect repellent can be incorporated into the structure of the insulation board, particularly without impairing the breathability or moisture regulation of the insulation board.

[0019] Advantageously, the insect repellent is a plant-based insect repellent, for example based on neem oil, cedar oil, or pyrethrum. Such insect repellents are harmless to humans, so the use of the insulation panels in living spaces is not affected.

[0020] Preferably, the insect repellent is integrated into the first and / or second layer, in particular by being applied to the wood fibers and / or straw. This allows the insect repellent to be evenly distributed throughout the insulation board and ensures the longest possible effectiveness, ideally without impairing the breathability and moisture regulation of the insulation board.

[0021] The insulation board according to the invention can be used both in the area of ​​exterior walls and in the area of ​​interior insulation of exterior walls as well as in the roof area, whereby the insulation board can simultaneously serve as a plaster base.

[0022] The insulation anchor according to the invention for fixing an insulation board, in particular an insulation board according to the invention, is designed in two parts, comprising a base part and a head part, wherein the base part has a shaft and at least one expansion element adjoining the shaft, and wherein the shaft has at least one fin extending in a longitudinal direction. The two-part design makes it possible to adjust the distance between the outer surface of the insulation board to be fastened, against which the head part rests in the fastened state, and the substrate to be insulated, into which the base part is inserted in the fastened state, as required.The longitudinal fin acts as an anti-rotation device, preventing the insulation anchor from rotating when a screw is inserted and allowing the screw to be securely inserted without affecting the position of the insulation anchor. Preferably, two, and more preferably four, longitudinal fins are arranged on the shaft, thereby increasing the anti-rotation capability.

[0023] Advantageously, the insulation anchor, in particular the head of the insulation anchor, has means for adjusting the distance between the outer surface of the insulation system and the substrate to be insulated. These means include, for example, L-shaped and clip-like locking elements arranged laterally on the insulation anchor, in particular on the head of the insulation anchor. When a screw is screwed in, these elements are first pushed out laterally and then, as soon as the screw head is inserted into the recess provided for it in the bore of the insulation anchor, close over the screw head, thus fixing the screw in relation to the insulation anchor and enabling adjustment and alignment of the entire insulation system.

[0024] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the shaft can have an arrow-shaped entry opening, which can facilitate the insertion of the screw into the base part.

[0025] Preferably, the head section has a guide sleeve and a contact plate arranged at one end of the guide sleeve. The contact plate rests on the outside of the insulation panel, thereby enabling positioning of the head section and preventing it from being inserted too far into the insulation panel.

[0026] Advantageously, the head section, in particular the guide sleeve of the head section, has at least two, preferably four, radial barbs. Such barbs prevent the head section from twisting in the insulation panel.

[0027] According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the insulation anchor, in particular the base part of the insulation anchor, comprises a moisture sensor. This allows the moisture content in the insulation board and / or on the substrate surface to be determined when the insulation boards are installed. Condensation or moisture that promotes mold growth can thus be detected at an early stage.

[0028] Advantageously, the humidity sensor features a data interface for wireless data transmission to a monitoring system. The data collected by the humidity sensor can therefore be easily transmitted and subsequently analyzed.

[0029] An insulation system according to the invention comprises an insulation board according to the invention, insulation dowels according to the invention and a screw.

[0030] An embodiment of the invention is explained in detail with reference to the following figures. They show Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of an insulation board according to the invention for fastening to a substrate by means of insulation anchors according to the invention; Fig. 2 shows the components according to the invention. Fig. 1 in the assembled state, Fig. 3 an enlarged view of one of the in Fig. 1 The insulation anchor shown has a head part, a base part and a screw screwed into the insulation anchor, Fig. 4 shows a longitudinal section through the head part of the insulation anchor according to Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 a cross-section through the head part along line AA in Fig. 4 .

[0031] The Figures 1 and 2 show an insulation system with a particularly cuboid-shaped insulation board 10 and several insulation dowels 20 for fastening the insulation board 10 to a substrate 60. Figures 3 to 5The figures show details of one of the insulation dowels 20. Identical or functionally equivalent parts are designated with the same reference numerals, although for the sake of clarity not all reference numerals are shown in all figures.

[0032] The in the Figures 1 and 2 The illustrated insulation board 10 is at least two-layered, comprising a first layer 11 of straw and a second layer 12 of wood fibers. The two layers 11 and 12 can be bonded together by means of an adhesive layer 15. The first layer 11 contains more than 90% by weight, preferably more than 95% by weight, of straw. The straw is pressed into the first layer 11, in particular with a binding agent. The second layer 12 contains more than 90% by weight, preferably more than 95% by weight, and particularly preferably more than 99% by weight, of wood fibers. The wood fibers are also pressed into the second layer 12, in particular with a binding agent.

[0033] The first layer 11 can have a bulk density between 100 kg / m³ and 220 kg / m³, while the second layer 12 can have a bulk density between 20 kg / m³ and 100 kg / m³. The second layer 12 is designed to be bonded to the substrate 60 to be insulated and exhibits such flexibility that, as demonstrated in particular in Fig. 2 It is evident that the second layer conforms to the substrate to be insulated and can compensate for unevenness.

[0034] The insulation board 10 can be treated with an insecticide, which is integrated, for example, into the first layer 11 and / or second layer 12, in particular by application to the wood fibers and / or the straw. The insecticide can be a plant-based insecticide, for example, based on neem oil, cedar oil, or pyrethrum.

[0035] The insulation panel 10 can have a groove 16 and / or a tongue 17 formed in the first layer 11 on one of its longitudinal sides, by means of which adjacent insulation panels 10 can be fixed relative to each other. Preferably, the insulation panel 10 has both the groove 16 and the tongue 17, which are arranged on opposite longitudinal sides.

[0036] The insulation board 10 can be fixed to the substrate 60 using the insulation anchors 20, as shown in Fig. 2 As shown, in the assembled state, the insulation anchors 20 are countersunk into the insulation board 10. The second layer 12 can deform in such a way that it conforms to the uneven substrate 60. Because the insulation board 10 is not glued to the substrate 60, but rather fastened with the insulation anchors 20, the insulation board 10 can absorb moisture from the substrate 60, thus reducing the risk of condensation or mold formation.

[0037] The insulation dowel 20, which is in the Figures 3 to 5 As shown in more detail, it is designed in two parts, consisting of a base part 30 and a head part 40, and has a longitudinal axis L. The base part 30 is specifically intended for insertion into the substrate 60, while the head part 40 is attached against the insulation board 10.

[0038] Both the base part 30 and the head part 40 can be made of plastic.

[0039] The base part 30 has a shaft 31 and at least one expanding element 35 adjoining the shaft 31. The expanding element 35 can be formed in a variety of ways. The essential feature is that the expanding element 35 widens radially when a screw 50 is tightened, thus enabling the base part 30 to be fixed in the surrounding material. The base part 30 can, for example, have two expanding elements 35 adjoining the shaft 31, which are separated from each other, in particular, by longitudinal slots.

[0040] The shaft 31 can, for example, be a substantially cylindrical, hollow tube-shaped element. The shaft 31 has at least two, preferably four, fins 32 extending longitudinally, in particular in the direction parallel to the longitudinal axis L. The fins 32 can, for example, be designed as radially projecting, longitudinally extending ribs.

[0041] The shaft 31 can have an arrow-shaped entry opening 33, which is arranged in particular at the end of the shaft 31 facing away from the spreading element 35.

[0042] The insulation anchor 10 can include a moisture sensor 37, which is arranged in or on the base part 30, preferably at the end 30a of the base part 30 facing away from the head part 40. The moisture sensor 37 can have a data interface for wireless data transmission to a monitoring system. This allows for continuous monitoring, particularly over time, to determine whether moisture is forming in the insulation board 10 or between the insulation board 10 and the substrate 60. The monitoring system can, for example, be centrally located for a room or an entire building and receive and evaluate data from moisture sensors 37 positioned at different locations in the room or building. Upon detection of excessive moisture, the monitoring system can trigger an alarm and, in particular, inform a user of the location where unwanted moisture has occurred.

[0043] The head 40 has a guide sleeve 42 and a contact plate 41 arranged at one end of the guide sleeve 42. The contact plate 41 has a diameter that is significantly larger than the diameter of the guide sleeve. In the assembled state, the contact plate 41 rests against the outside of the insulation board 10 and prevents the insulation anchor 10 from penetrating the insulation board 10. The head 40 is shorter than the screw 50 and essentially serves to receive the head of the screw 50 and to secure the screw 50 in the insulation board 10. A screw head recess 46 is arranged within the head 40, in which the screw head of the screw 50 can rest when assembled.The screw head recess 46 can be arranged in such a way that the screw 50 is in any case completely countersunk in the head part 40 and, if desired, the opening of the head part 40 through which the screw 50 was inserted can subsequently be closed with a plug in order to provide the smoothest possible outer surface.

[0044] At least two, for example four, radial barbs 43 can be arranged on the outside of the guide sleeve 42, which are moved radially outwards when the screw 50 is screwed in and thereby catch in particular in the insulation plate 10.

[0045] At least two, for example four, L-shaped and clip-like locking elements 45 can be arranged laterally on the insulation anchor 10, in particular on the guide sleeve 42 of the head part 40 of the insulation anchor 10, which are first pushed out laterally when the screw 50 is screwed in and then, as soon as the screw head of the screw 50 is inserted into the screw head recess 46 provided for it in the head part 40 of the insulation anchor 10, close over the screw head of the screw 50 and thus fix the screw 50 in relation to the insulation anchor 10. Reference symbol list

[0046] 10 Insulation board 11 First layer 12 Second layer 15 Adhesive layer 16 Groove 17 Spring 20 Insulation dowel 30 Base part 30a End 31 Shaft 32 Fin 33 Entry opening 35 Expansion element 37 Moisture sensor 40 Head part 41 Mounting plate 42 Guide sleeve 43 Barb 45 Locking element 46 Screw head countersink 50 Screw 60 Substrate Longitudinal axis

Claims

1. At least two-layer insulation board (10) comprising a first layer (11) comprising straw and a second layer (12) comprising wood fibers.

2. Insulation board according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the first layer (11) has a proportion of more than 90 wt.%, preferably more than 95 wt.%, straw.

3. Insulation board according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the second layer (12) has a proportion of more than 90 wt.%, preferably more than 95 wt.%, wood fibers.

4. Insulation board according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the first layer (11) has a bulk density between 100 kg / m³ 3 and 220 kg / m² 3 exhibits and the second layer (12) has a bulk density between 20 kg / m³ 3 and 100 kg / m² 3 exhibits.

5. Insulation board according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the insulation board (10) is treated with an insect repellent.

6. Insulation board according to claim 5, characterized by the fact thatThe insect repellent is a plant-based insect repellent, for example based on neem oil, cedar oil or pyrethrum.

7. Insulation board according to claim 5 or 6, characterized by the fact that the insect repellent is integrated into the first layer (11) and / or second layer (12), in particular by application to the wood fibers and / or the straw.

8. Insulation dowel (20) for fixing an insulation board (10), in particular an insulation board (10) according to one of the preceding claims, which is formed in two parts with a base part (30) and a head part (40), wherein the base part (30) has a shaft (31) and at least one expansion element (35) adjoining the shaft (31), and wherein the shaft (31) has at least one fin (32) extending in a longitudinal direction.

9. Insulation anchor according to claim 8, characterized by the fact that the shaft (31) has at least two, preferably at least four, longitudinal fins (32).

10. Insulation anchor according to claim 8 or 9, characterized by the fact that the shaft (31) has an arrow-shaped entry opening (33).

11. Insulation anchor according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized by the fact that the head part (40) has a guide sleeve (42) and a support plate (41) arranged at one end of the guide sleeve (42).

12. Insulation anchor according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized by the fact that the head part (40), in particular the guide sleeve (42) of the head part (40), has at least two, preferably four radial barbs (43).

13. Insulation anchor according to one of claims 8 to 12, characterized by the fact that the insulation dowel (10), in particular the base part (30) of the insulation dowel (10), comprises a moisture sensor (37).

14. Insulation anchor according to claim 13, characterized by the fact that The humidity sensor (37) has a data interface for wireless data transmission to a monitoring system.

15. Insulation system comprising an insulation board (10) according to one of claims 1 to 7, an insulation dowel (30) according to one of claims 8 to 14 and a screw (50).

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