Smart radio access technology selection under wi-fi coverage

Abstract

A user equipment (UE) device (102) in a mobile cellular network (100) implements one or more techniques to adaptatively select radio access technologies (RATs) (108). For example, the UE device obtains at least one input (402) associated with an operational context of the UE device. The UE device implements, based on the at least one input, a RAT preference (406) for that is different from a RAT preference configured by the mobile cellular network or an operator of the mobile cellular network.

Description

SMART RADIO ACCESS TECHNOLOGY SELECTION UNDER WI-FI COVERAGEBACKGROUND

[0001] The introduction of next-generation cellular technology has transformed the mobile communication landscape. Beyond faster data speeds, this technology offers enhanced reliability, low-latency communication, and the ability to connect a large number of devices. However, due to varying deployment conditions, the coexistence of newer and older Radio Access Technologies (RATs) presents challenges for network operators as they strive to optimize user experiences. In many cases, devices are required to prioritize newer network connections, even when older or other technologies may offer better performance, such as stronger signals or less congestion. This can lead to reduced user satisfaction, where devices may experience slower speeds or unnecessary battery drain due to frequent network searches, despite better options being available from a power efficiency standpoint.SUMMARY OF EMBODIMENTS

[0002] In accordance with one aspect, a method includes obtaining, by a user equipment (UE) device of a cellular network, at least one input associated with an operational context of the UE device. The UE device, based on the at least one input, implements a radio access technology (RAT) preference for the UE device that is different from a RAT preference configured by the cellular network or an operator of the cellular network.

[0003] In at least some embodiments, implementing the RAT preference includes implementing the RAT preference in response to detecting, based on the at least one input, that the UE device is connected to a Wi-Fi network.

[0004] In at least some embodiments, implementing the RAT preference includes disabling at least one RAT of the UE device.

[0005] In at least some embodiments, implementing the RAT preference includes disabling a standalone capability of at least one RAT of the UE device while maintaining a non-standalone capability of the at least one RAT.

[0006] In at least some embodiments, implementing the RAT preference includes prioritizing a first RAT over a second RAT. The method further includes, in at least some embodiments, prioritizing the second RAT over the first RAT in response to detecting a decrease in performance of the first RAT. In at least some embodiments, prioritizing the first RAT over the second RAT includes obtaining idle mode power of the first RAT and idle mode power of the second RAT based on idle mode configurations from the cellular network and power consumption measured for each of the first RAT and the second RAT, and prioritizing the first RAT over the second RAT in response to comparing the idle mode power of the first RAT and the idle mode power of the second RAT.

[0007] In at least some embodiments, implementing the RAT preference includes selecting a RAT from a plurality of RATs at the UE device resulting in a lowest power consumption at the UE device in to the at least one input indicating that the UE device is connected to a Wi-Fi network.

[0008] In at least some embodiments, the method further includes adjusting a RAT icon being presented on a user interface of the UE device affected by the implemented RAT preference.

[0009] In accordance with one aspect, a method includes selecting, by a User Equipment (UE) device of a cellular network, at least one radio access technology (RAT) from a plurality of RATs at the UE device that is different from a Wi-Fi RAT in response to determining that the UE device is connected to a Wi-Fi network (138) with the Wi-Fi RAT. A configuration of the selected at least one RAT is adjusted to reduce power consumption at the UE device.

[0010] In at least some embodiments, the method adjusting the configuration of the selected at least one RAT includes decreasing, inter-RAT search and measurement actions performed by the UE device for the selected at least one RAT.

[0011] In at least some embodiments, the selected at least one RAT is a camped RAT, and adjusting the configuration of the selected at least one RAT includesdecreasing serving cell search and measurement actions performed by the UE device for the selected at least one RAT.

[0012] In at least some embodiments, the selected at least one RAT is a camped RAT, and adjusting the configuration of the selected at least one RAT includes bypassing one or more system information block monitoring occasions or cycles associated with the selected at least one RAT.

[0013] In at least some embodiments, the selected at least one RAT is a camped RAT, and adjusting the configuration of the selected at least one RAT includes bypassing one or more page monitoring occasions or cycles associated with the selected at least one RAT.

[0014] In accordance with another aspect, a user equipment device includes one or more radio frequency (RF) modems configured to wirelessly communicate with at least one network, one or more processors coupled to the one or more RF modems, and at least one memory storing executable instructions, the executable instructions configured to manipulate at least one of the one or more processors or the one or more RF modems to perform the methods described above and herein.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The present disclosure may be better understood, and its numerous features and advantages made apparent to those skilled in the art, by referencing the accompanying drawings. The use of the same reference symbols in different drawings indicates similar or identical items.

[0016] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example wireless system employing a User Equipment (UE) device configured to adaptatively select Radio Access Technologies (RATs) to preserve resources of the UE device when the device is connected to a Wi-Fi network in accordance with some embodiments.

[0017] FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating example modes of an adaptive radio access technology selection mechanism employed by the UE device of FIG. 1 in accordance with some embodiments.

[0018] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example hardware configuration of the UE device of FIG. 1 in accordance with some embodiments.

[0019] FIG. 4 is a transaction diagram illustrating interactions between various components within the UE device of FIG. 1 for implementing an adaptive RAT selection technique that manages RAT preferences when the UE device is connected to a Wi-Fi network in accordance with some embodiments.

[0020] FIG. 5 is a transaction diagram illustrating interactions between various components within the UE device of FIG. 1 for implementing an example RAT preference when the UE device is connected to a Wi-Fi network in accordance with some embodiments.

[0021] FIG. 6 is a transaction diagram illustrating interactions between various components within the UE device of FIG. 1 for implementing an example RAT preference when the UE device disconnects from a Wi-Fi network in accordance with some embodiments.

[0022] FIG. 7 is a transaction diagram illustrating interactions between various components within the UE device of FIG. 1 for implementing a RAT search relaxation mode when the UE device is connected to a Wi-Fi network in accordance with some embodiments.

[0023] FIG. 8 is a transaction diagram illustrating interactions between various components within the UE device of FIG. 1 for implementing a RAT search relaxation mode when the UE device is connected to a Wi-Fi network and camped on a specific RAT in accordance with some embodiments.

[0024] FIG. 9 is a transaction diagram illustrating the interactions between various components within the UE device f of FIG. 1 or managing RAT system information block and page monitoring while the UE device is connected to a Wi-Fi network in accordance with some embodiments.

[0025] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example method of an overall process for implementing an adaptive RAT selection technique that manages RATpreferences when the UE device of FIG. 1 is connected to a Wi-Fi network in accordance with some embodiments.

[0026] FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example method of an overall process for implementing a RAT search relaxation mode when the UE device of FIG. 1 is connected to a Wi-Fi network in accordance with some embodiments.

[0027] FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example method of an overall process for implementing a RAT search relaxation mode when the UE device of FIG. 1 is connected to a Wi-Fi network and camped on a specific RAT in accordance with some embodiments.

[0028] FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example method of an overall process for managing RAT SIB and page monitoring while the UE device of FIG. 1 is connected to a Wi-Fi network in accordance with some embodiments.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The introduction of Fifth Generation (5G cellular technology has impacted the landscape of mobile communication. Beyond just increased data speeds, 5G offers ultra-reliable low-latency communication and massive device connectivity. However, due to various constraints, the uneven deployment of 5G Stand-Alone (SA) has led to complex networking scenarios where 5G coexists with older Radio Access Technologies (RATs), which poses challenges for network operators aiming to ensure users get the maximum benefits of 5G. For example, in many instances, network operators require User Equipment (UE) devices to prioritize or camp on a 5G cell whenever possible. In these instances, the UE devices may be forced to stay on 5G even when better-performing RATs, perhaps with stronger signals or less congestion, are available. This can lead to degraded user experiences. For example, a UE device may experience slower data speeds on an overcrowded 5G cell while a more performant 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) band is readily available. Also, the UE device may experience unnecessary battery drain due to periodic searches for suitable network operator-preferred RAT cells, even though other cells are better for the UE device from a power perspective.

[0030] Moreover, when a UE device is connected to a Wi-Fi network, the UE device is typically still connected to the cellular network using a 4G or a 5G RAT. However, there usually is no real need for the UE device to be in a preferred cellular RAT or to continually search for a preferred cellular RAT since Wi-Fi is used for most of the data connection and, in many instances, voice connection needs. Unfortunately, when the UE device is connected to a Wi-Fi network (even with Voice-Over Wi-Fi (VoWiFi) capabilities), many network carriers still require the UE device to be connected with an operator-preferred RAT. Therefore, the UE device can use a RAT that may not be optimal from a power perspective.

[0031] To address at least such issues, the following describes embodiments of systems and methods enabling a UE device to optimize RAT operations when the UE device is connected to a Wi-Fi network. The UE device is configured to suppress or reduce unnecessary operations related to searching for or connecting to a network operator-preferred RAT, such as a 5G RAT, thereby preserving resources, including battery life and processing power. For example, when connected to a Wi-Fi RAT, the UE device implements mechanisms to manage RAT preferences, search processes, and monitoring activities, overriding or relaxing the selection of network operatorpreferred RATs in favor of more efficient alternatives. By dynamically disabling or prioritizing certain RATs, relaxing Inter-RAT search frequencies, selectively skipping one or both System Information Block (SIB) or paging monitoring cycles, a combination thereof, or the like, the UE device significantly reduces power consumption without impacting user experience. This approach ensures prolonged battery life and improved user satisfaction by reducing the need for constant searches or connections to a network operator-preferred RAT.

[0032] For ease of illustration, the following techniques are described in an example context in which one or more UE devices and one or more RANs implement at least a 5G New Radio (NR) standard (e.g., Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release 15, 3GPP Release 16, etc.) (hereinafter, “5G NR” or“5G NR standard”). However, it should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to networks employing a 5G NR RAT configuration, but rather, the techniques described herein can be applied to any combination of different RATs employed at the UEdevices and the RANs. It should also be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to any specific network configurations or architectures described herein for implementing adaptative or intelligent RAT selection. Also, the present disclosure is not limited to the examples and context described herein, but rather, the techniques described herein can be applied to any network environment where a UE device implements adaptative or intelligent RAT selection management when under W-Fi coverage.

[0033] FIG. 1 illustrates a mobile cellular network (system) 100 in accordance with at least some embodiments. As shown, the mobile cellular network 100 includes a User Equipment (UE) device 102 that is configured to communicate with one or more Base Stations (BSs) 104 (illustrated as BS 104-1 and BS 104-2) through one or more wireless communication links 106 (illustrated as wireless links 106-1 and 106-2). The UE device 102, in at least some embodiments, includes any of a variety of wireless communication devices, such as a cellular phone, a cellular-enabled tablet computer or cellular-enabled notebook computer, a cellular-enabled wearable device, an automobile, or other vehicle employing cellular services (e.g., for navigation, provision of entertainment services, in-vehicle mobile hotspots, etc.), and so on. In at least some embodiments, the UE device 102 employs a single RAT 108. In other embodiments, the UE device 102 is a multi-mode UE device that employs multiple RATs 108 (illustrated as RAT 108-1 and RAT 108-2). Examples of multiple RATs include cellular-based RATs, such as a 3GPP LTE RAT, a 3GPP 5G NR RAT, a WiFi RAT, and the like. It should be understood that although FIG. 1 only shows the UE device 102 implementing two different RATs 108, the UE device 102, in at least some embodiments, implements three or more different RATs 108. In at least some embodiments, one or more RAT modules 110 (illustrated as RAT module 110-1 and RAT module 110-2) manage the RATs 108 and enable communication between the UE device 102 and the radio access technology of the network 100. The one or more RAT modules 110, in at least some embodiments, include one or more of a modem chipset(s) of the UE device 102, a protocol stack(s), driver software, or the like.

[0034] In at least some embodiments, the BSs 104 are implemented in a macrocell, microcell, small cell, picocell, and the like, or any combination thereof. Examples of base stations 104 include an Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network Node B (E-UTRAN Node B), Evolved Node B (eNodeB or eNB), Next Generation (NG or NGEN) Node B (gNode B or gNB), and so on. The BSs 104 communicate with the UE 102 via the wireless links 106, which are implemented using any suitable type of wireless link. The wireless links 106, in at least some embodiments, include a downlink of data and control information communicated from the base stations 104 to the UE 102, an uplink of data and control information communicated from the UE 102 to the BSs 104, or both. In at least some embodiments, the wireless links 106 (or bearers), such as Data Radio Bearers (DRBs) and Signal Radio Bearers (SRBs), are implemented using any suitable communication protocol or standard, or combination of communication protocols or standards such as 3GPP 4G LTE, 5G NR, and so on. In at least some embodiments, multiple wireless links 106 are aggregated in a carrier aggregation to provide a higher data rate for the UE 102. Also, multiple wireless links 106 from multiple BSs 104 are configured, in at least some embodiments, for Coordinated Multipoint (CoMP) communication with the UE 102, as well as dual connectivity, such as single-RAT LTE-LTE or NR-NR dual connectivity, or Multi-Radio Access Technology (Multi-RAT) Dual Connectivity (MR-DC) including E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC), NGEN Radio Access Network (RAN) E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (NGEN-DC), and NR E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC).

[0035] The BSs 104 collectively form a Radio Access Network (RAN) 112, such as an E-UTRAN or 5G NR RAN. The base stations 104 are connected to a Core Network (CN) 114 (illustrated as CN 114-1 and CN 114-2) via control-plane and userplane interfaces through one or more links 116 (illustrated as link 116-1 and link 116- 2). Depending on the configuration of the mobile cellular network 100, the core network 114 is either an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) network 114-1 or a 5G Core Network (5GC) 114-2. For example, in an E-UTRAN configuration or a 5G non- standalone (NSA) EN-DC configuration, the core network 114 is an EPC network 114-1 that includes, for example, a Mobility Management Entity (MME) 118, a Serving Gateway (SGW) 120, and a Packet Data Network Gateway (PGW) 122. The MME 118 provides control-plane functions, such as registration and authentication ofmultiple UEs 102, authorization, mobility management, and so on. The SGW 120 transfers user-plane packets related to audio calls, video calls, Internet traffic, and the like. The PGW 122 provides connectivity from the UE 102 to external packet data networks 124, such as the Internet 126 and an Internet Protocol Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) network 128, by being the point of exit and entry of traffic for the UE 102. In a 5G standalone (SA) configuration or an NSA NE-DC or NGEN-DC configuration, the core network 114 is a 5GC network 114-2. The 5GC 114-2 includes, for example, an Access and Mobility Management function (AMP) 130, a User Plane Function (UPF) 132, and a Session Management Function (SMF) 134. The AMF 130 provides control-plane functions such as registration and authentication of multiple UEs 102, authorization, mobility management, and so on. The UPF 132 transfers user-plane packets related to audio calls, video calls, Internet traffic, and the like. The SMF 134 manages Protocol Data Unit (PDU) sessions.

[0036] In at least some embodiments, the core network 114 communicatively couples the UE 102 to an IMS network 128 via the RAN 112. The IMS network 128 provides various IMS services to the UE 102, such as IMS short messages, IMS Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD), IMS value-added service data, IMS supplementary service data, IMS voice calls, and IMS video calls. To this end, an entity (e.g., a server or a group of servers) operating in the IMS network 128 supports packet exchange with the UE 102. The packets convey signaling (such as Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) messages, IP messages, or other suitable messages) as well as data (or media), such as voice or video. In at least some embodiments, the IMS network includes entities (not shown) such as a Proxy Call Session Control Function (P-CSCF), an Interrogating Call Session Control Function (l-CSCF), a Serving Call Session Control Function (S-CSCF), a Home Subscriber Server (HSS), a Media Gateway Control Function (MGCF), and the like.

[0037] The UE device 102, in at least some embodiments, is configured to connect to a Wi-Fi network 138 or other Local Area Network (LAN), in addition to its ability to connect to cellular networks. In at least some embodiments, the UE device 102 establishes a wireless connection to the Wi-Fi network 138 using a Wi-Fi RAT, allowing the UE device 102 to access network services, such as Internet connectivityor local network resources, through the Wi-Fi network 138. This Wi-Fi connection operates concurrently with, or as an alternative to, the cellular network connection, enabling the UE device 102 to leverage the Wi-Fi network 138 for high-speed data transfers, offloading traffic from the cellular network, or providing connectivity in environments where cellular signals are weak or unavailable. The UE device 102 includes appropriate hardware and software, such as a Wi-Fi modem or controller and protocol stack, to manage and maintain the connection to the Wi-Fi network 138.

[0038] As described above, network operators typically require the UE device 102 to prioritize certain RATs, such as 5G RATs, even when better-performing RATs with stronger signals or less congestion are available. This can lead to degraded user experiences. Therefore, the UE device 102 of one or more embodiments employs at least one adaptive RAT selection mechanism 136 for suppressing or reducing unwanted UE operations relating to searching for or connecting to a network operator-preferred RAT (e.g., a 5G RAT) when the UE is connected to a Wi-Fi RAT, thereby preserving resources and improving user experience.

[0039] For example, FIG. 2 illustrates various example modes employed singularly or in various combinations by the UE device 102 as part of the adaptive RAT selection mechanism 136 in accordance with at least some embodiments. One such mode includes a RAT preference mode 202. During this mode, the adaptive RAT selection mechanism 136 implements one or more RAT preferences by, for example, disabling certain RATs or prioritizing a certain RAT over other RATs. In at least some embodiments, the adaptive RAT selection mechanism 136 disables a RAT by disabling the associated UE capability. For example, when the UE device 102 is under Wi-Fi coverage, the adaptive RAT selection mechanism 136 disables the 5G (NSA and SA) capability of the UE device 102, disables only the 5G SA capability of the UE device 102, prefers LTE over 5G, a combination thereof, or the like.

[0040] In at least some embodiments, if LTE is preferred (e.g., prioritized) over 5G, the UE device 102 is configured to conditionally support 5G NSA and SA. This configuration allows the UE device 102 to save power by avoiding camping on a 5G SA cell and not performing 5G cell searches or measurements while in idle mode when connected to an LTE RAT. Additionally, when the UE device 102 is under Wi-Fi coverage, most of the application data is transmitted over Wi-Fi, with LTE being used primarily for idle mode and potentially a small amount of application-specific data. The adaptive RAT selection mechanism 136 ensures minimal impact on coverage by detecting poor LTE coverage conditions and re-enabling 5G or 5G SA as necessary.

[0041] Power savings are achieved through several mechanisms, including avoiding the need to camp on 5G SA cells and eliminating the need for 5G search and measurement activities when the device is in LTE idle mode. This approach has little to no impact on the user experience, as most data is routed through Wi-Fi when connected. Furthermore, there is no impact on the 5G icon display for disabled 5G SA, with only a minor impact when 5G is disabled altogether. In at least some embodiments, to optimize power efficiency further, the adaptive RAT selection mechanism 136 compares idle mode power management configurations, such as idle Discontinuous Reception (DRX) cycle and paging cycle configurations, between LTE and 5G SA. If LTE is configured with a shorter DRX and paging cycle, which results in more frequent page monitoring compared to 5G SA, the adaptive RAT selection mechanism 136 configures the UE device 102 to not prefer LTE as the RAT. This ensures that the UE device 102 does not inadvertently increase power consumption by opting for LTE when it would require more frequent monitoring activities than 5G SA. In other embodiments, the adaptive RAT selection mechanism 136 estimates and compares the idle mode power of a first RAT and a second RAT. For example, the adaptive RAT selection mechanism 136 estimates the idle mode power based on idle mode configurations from the network 100, estimates the idle mode power based on idle mode configurations from the network 100, measuring the power consumption of each RAT, a combination thereof, and the like. Then, based on the comparison, the adaptive RAT selection mechanism 136 prioritizes one RAT over the other.

[0042] Another mode of the adaptive RAT selection mechanism 136 includes a RAT search relaxation mode 204. During this mode, if the UE device 102 is connected to a particular RAT, the adaptive RAT selection mechanism 136 periodically performs inter-RAT search and measurement (iRAT) processes. The conditions on the serving cell strength (RSRP) below which the iRAT search is performed are defined in one ormore 3GPP specifications (e.g., 3GPP Technical Specification (TS) 36.304), and the parameters (e.g., threshold values, priorities, etc.) are configured by the network 100. In at least some embodiments, there is a requirement on the maximum interval with which the search has to be performed, and this is defined in one or more 3GPP specifications (e.g., 3GPP Technical Specification (TS) 36.133).

[0043] If the adaptive RAT selection mechanism 136 determines that a certain RAT is not preferred or is disabled, it relaxes or modifies the frequency of these iRAT searches to conserve resources. This adjustment can be made without a noticeable impact on performance. In some scenarios, when the UE device 102 is connected to a Wi-Fi network, most data traffic is handled by the Wi-Fi connection, and the RAT link is primarily used for maintenance purposes. In such cases, the adaptive RAT selection mechanism 136 further relaxes the requirements for RAT searches and measurements, reducing their frequency to save power. If the UE device 102 has a stable Wi-Fi connection, indicating low mobility, the adaptive RAT selection mechanism 136 may also relax the serving cell search and measurement actions or cycles. This adjustment is made adaptively to ensure there is no significant impact on user experience or network performance. During this mode, the adaptive RAT selection mechanism 136, in at least some embodiments, also selects a RAT from a plurality of RATs at the UE device 102 that results in a lower power consumption at the device 102. d

[0044] An additional mode of the adaptive RAT selection mechanism 136 includes an SIB / page monitoring relaxation mode. As described above, if the UE device 102 is connected to a Wi-Fi network, the majority of the data goes over the Wi-Fi connection, and the user experience is defined by the performance of this connection. The UE device 102 is still camped on a particular RAT and is still able to access the network 100 if needed. However, the UE device 102 typically still needs to monitor SIB broadcasts (at the SIB periodicity) and monitor for one or both of paging (at the paging cycle) for possible indications of SIB updates or NW-initiated RRC connection for reconfiguration of certain parameters. The network usually transmits these SIBs, pages, or both with some redundancy (and repetition). Therefore, if the UE device 102 misses reception of one instance, the UE device 102is able to obtain the subsequent instance. If the UE device 102 is Wi-Fi-connected, the user experience (e.g., most of the data) is supported by Wi-Fi, and there is room to bypass or skip some of the SIB / page monitoring cycles without visibly degrading the user experience. Therefore, in this mode, the adaptive RAT selection mechanism 136 configures the UE device 102 to skip a specified amount of SIB / page monitoring cycles. By skipping some SIB / page monitoring occasions or cycles, additional power saving is realized. During this mode, the adaptive RAT selection mechanism 136, in at least some embodiments also selects a RAT from a plurality of RATs at the UE device 102 that results in a lower power consumption at the device 102.

[0045] FIG. 3 illustrates an example device diagram 300 of a UE device 102. In at least some embodiments, the device diagram 300 describes a UE device that implements the smart RAT selection techniques described herein. The UE device 102 may include additional functions and interfaces that are omitted from FIG. 3 for the sake of clarity. The UE device 102, in at least some embodiments, includes antennas 302, a radio frequency (RF) front end 304, and a modem subsystem 306. The modem subsystem 306 includes multiple transceivers 308 (e.g., a 3GPP 4G LTE transceiver 308-1 and a 5G NR transceiver 308-2) for communicating with one or more base stations 104 in a RAN 112, such as a 5G RAN, an E-UTRAN, a combination thereof, and so on. The modem subsystem 306 also includes a communication processor 310 (also referred to as a baseband processor, modem, or RF modem) that is responsible for managing the operations of the transceivers 308. The communication processor 310 includes a Radio Resource Manager (RRM) 312, which manages radio resource allocation, DRX cycles, paging, and handover operations. In at least some embodiments, the communication processor 310 is implemented as a modem baseband processor, software-defined radio module, configurable modem (e.g., multi-mode, multi-band modem), wireless data interface, wireless modem, or so on. The communication processor 310 supports, for example, one or more of data access, messaging, or data-based services of a wireless network, as well as various audio-based communication (e.g., voice calls).

[0046] The RF front end 304, in at least some embodiments, includes a transmitting (Tx) front end 304-1 and a receiving (Rx) front end 304-2. The Tx front end 304-1includes components such as one or more power amplifiers (PA), drivers, mixers, filters, and so on. The Rx front end 304-2 includes components such as low-noise amplifiers (LNAs), mixers, filters, and so on. The RF front end 304, in at least some embodiments, couples or connects the modem subsystem 306, including the LTE transceiver 308-1 and the 5G NR transceiver 308-2, to the antennas 302 to facilitate various types of wireless communication.

[0047] In at least some embodiments, the antennas 302 of the UE device 102 include an array of multiple antennas configured similarly to or different from each other. The antennas 302 and the RF front end 304, in at least some embodiments, are tuned to or are tunable to one or more frequency bands, such as those defined by the 3GPP LTE, 3GPP 5G NR, IEEE Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), IEEE Wireless Metropolitan Area Network (WMAN), or other communication standards. In at least some embodiments, the antennas 302, the RF front end 304, and the transceivers 308 are configured to support beamforming (e.g., analog, digital, or hybrid) or In-Phase and Quadrature (l / Q) operations (e.g., I / Q modulation or demodulation operations) for the transmission and reception of communications with one or more base stations 104. By way of example, the antennas 302 and the RF front end 304 operate in sub-gigahertz bands, sub-6 GHz bands, above 6 GHz bands, or a combination of these bands defined by the 3GPP LTE, 3GPP 5G NR, or other communication standards.

[0048] In at least some embodiments, the antennas 302 include one or more receiving antennas positioned in a one-dimensional shape (e.g, a line) or a two- dimensional shape (e.g., a triangle, a rectangle, or an L-shape) for implementations that include three or more receiving antenna elements. While the one-dimensional shape enables the measurement of one angular dimension (e.g., an azimuth or an elevation), the two-dimensional shape enables two angular dimensions to be measured (e.g., both azimuth and elevation). Using at least a portion of the antennas 302, the UE device 102 can form beams that are steered or un-steered, wide or narrow, or shaped (e.g., as a hemisphere, cube, fan, cone, or cylinder). The one or more transmitting antennas may have an un-steered omnidirectional radiation pattern or may produce a wide steerable beam. Either of these techniques enables the UEdevice 102 to transmit a radio signal to illuminate a large volume of space. In some embodiments, the receiving antennas generate thousands of narrow steered beams (e.g., 2000 beams, 4000 beams, or 6000 beams) with digital beamforming to achieve desired levels of angular accuracy and angular resolution.

[0049] The UE device 102, in at least some embodiments, includes one or more sensors 314 implemented to detect various properties such as one or more of temperature, supplied power, power usage, battery state, or the like. Examples of sensors include a thermal sensor, a battery sensor, a power usage sensor, and so on.

[0050] The UE device 102 also includes at least one processor 316. The processor 316, in at least some embodiments, is a single-core processor or a multiple-core processor composed of a variety of materials, such as silicon, polysilicon, high-K dielectric, copper, and so on. In at least some embodiments, the processor 316 is implemented at least partially in hardware, including, for example, components of an integrated circuit or a System-on-a-Chip (SoC), a Digital-Signal-Processor (DSP), an Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), a Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD), other implementations in silicon or other hardware, or a combination thereof. Examples of the processor(s) 316 include a communication processor if not implemented within the modem subsystem 306), an application processor, microprocessors, DSPs, controllers, and so on. An application processor, in at least some embodiments, provides computing resources to applications executing on the UE device 102. For example, an application provides a self-contained operating environment that delivers system capabilities (e.g., graphics processing, memory management, and multimedia processing) to support applications executing on the UE device 102.

[0051] The UE device 102, in at least some embodiments, further includes a Wi-Fi controller 318, which is responsible for managing the device’s connection to Wi-Fi networks. The Wi-Fi controller 318 handles tasks such as scanning for available networks, establishing and maintaining Wi-Fi connections, and managing data transmission over Wi-Fi. The UE device 102 interacts with the modem subsystem 306 and other components to coordinate network access and ensure seamlessswitching between Wi-Fi and cellular networks. In at least some embodiments, the Wi-Fi controller 318 also works in conjunction with an adaptive RAT selection manager 334 to optimize RAT selection based on the quality and availability of Wi-Fi connectivity. The Wi-Fi controller 318, in at least some embodiments, is implemented as an I C, which is either part of an SoC or as a discrete component within the UE device 102.

[0052] The UE device 102 further includes a power management unit (PMU) 320, which is responsible for managing power distribution across the various components of the UE device 102, including the RF front end 304, the modem subsystem 306, and the communication processor 310. The PMU 320 optimizes power usage by adjusting the power levels supplied to different components based on their operational state, ensuring that power consumption is minimized during periods of low activity or when certain components are disabled, such as when specific RATs are deprioritized or disabled based on the RAT selection techniques described herein. The PMU 320 also manages battery charging and ensures efficient power delivery to components when needed. In at least some embodiments, the PMU 320 is implemented as an IC that is either part of an SoC or as a discrete component within the UE device 102.

[0053] The UE device 102 further includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage media 322 (CRM 322). The computer-readable storage media described herein excludes propagating signals. The CRM 322, in at least some embodiments, includes any suitable memory or storage device such as random-access memory (RAM), static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), non-volatile RAM (NVRAM), read-only memory (ROM), or Flash memory useable to store device data 324 of the UE device 102. In at least some embodiments, the device data 324 includes user data, multimedia data, beamforming codebooks, applications 326, an operating system 328 of the UE device 102, a user interface(s) 330, and so on, which are executable by the processor(s) 316 to enable user-plane communication, controlplane signaling, and user interaction with the UE device 102. The user interface 330, in at least some embodiments, is configured to receive inputs from a user of the UE device 102, such as to receive input from a user that defines and or facilitates one ormore aspects of adverse radio link condition detection. In at least some embodiments, the user interface 330 includes a graphical user interface (GUI) that receives the input information via a touch input. In other instances, the user interface 330 includes an intelligent assistant that receives the input information via an audible input or speech. Alternatively, or additionally, the operating system 328 of the UE device 102 is maintained as firmware or an application on the CRM 322 and executed by the processor(s) 316.

[0054] The CRM 322, in at least some embodiments, further includes either or both a communication manager 332 or an adaptive RAT selection manager 334.Alternatively, or additionally, either or both of the communication manager 332 and the adaptive RAT selection manager 334, in at least some embodiments, are implemented in whole or part as hardware logic or circuitry integrated with or separate from other components of the UE device 102. In at least some embodiments, the communication manager 332 configures the RF front end 304, the LTE transceiver 308-1 , the 5G NR transceiver 308-2, or a combination thereof to perform one or more wireless communication operations. The adaptive RAT selection manager 334, in at least some embodiments, implements the adaptive RAT selection mechanism 136 for adaptively selecting RATs when the UE is connected to a Wi-Fi RAT.

[0055] FIG. 4 is a transaction diagram 400 illustrating the interactions between various components within the UE device 102 for implementing an adaptive RAT selection technique that manages RAT preferences when the UE device 102 is connected to a Wi-Fi network. A RAT preference, in at least some embodiments, indicates which RATs are prioritized or de-prioritized (or enabled or disabled) to optimize power efficiency, signal strength, and connectivity needs. As shown in FIG. 4, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 receives inputs 402 (illustrated as inputs 402-1 to 402-3) from one or more other components of the UE device 102. Example inputs include Wi-Fi state (e.g., connected, disconnected, connection quality, or the like), RAT quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) Signal-to- Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR), link capacity estimate, or the like), UE screen state (e.g., on or off), user-interface inputs, application running or its throughput, Wi-Fi Service Set Identifier (SSID), Wi-Fi hotspot status (e.g., on or off), a combination thereof, or the like. In at least some embodiments, these inputs are collectively referred to as operational context inputs.

[0056] In at least some embodiments, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 obtains Wi-Fi state or status inputs 402-1 from the Wi-Fi controller 318 or another component. For example, the Wi-Fi controller 318 monitors a Wi-Fi connection state of the UE device 102 by interacting with the UE device’s 102 operating system 328 and network stack, regularly querying the status of the wireless interface to determine whether the UE device 102 is connected or disconnected from a Wi-Fi network. In at least some embodiments, the Wi-Fi controller 318 also assesses Wi-Fi connection quality by measuring metrics such as Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) and Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR). Additionally, the Wi-Fi controller 318 tracks link speed, which reflects the rate at which data is transmitted between the UE device 102 and the Wi-Fi access point, which can vary based on signal strength and environmental factors.

[0057] When the UE device 102 connects to a Wi-Fi network, the Wi-Fi controller 318, in at least some embodiments, retrieves the network’s SSID, which is stored for network identification purposes. If the UE device 102 is configured as a Wi-Fi hotspot, the Wi-Fi controller 318 monitors the hotspot’s status, checking whether it is enabled and if other devices are connected. The Wi-Fi controller 318 then provides one or more of Wi-Fi state inputs 402-1 to the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 by generating a Wi-Fi status signal, event, interrupt, or the like, which is sent to UE device 102, indicating each metric.

[0058] The adaptive RAT selection manager 334, in at least some embodiments, obtains RAT quality metric inputs 402-2 from the modem subsystem 306. For example, the modem subsystem 306, which manages the UE device’s cellular connectivity, continuously monitors the strength and quality of signals from various RATs, such as LTE, 5G NSA, and 5G SA. The modem subsystem 306, in at least some embodiments, uses specialized firmware and hardware interfaces to measure RSRP, which indicates the received signal strength, and SINR, which provides an assessment of signal quality relative to interference and noise. Additionally, themodem subsystem 306 evaluates link capacity, which estimates the data throughput capability under current network conditions.

[0059] Furthermore, the modem firmware within, for example, the RRM 312 tracks and manages the DRX and paging cycle configurations. DRX cycles determine how often the UE device 102 wakes up to check for paging messages, while paging cycles control the frequency at which the UE device 102 monitors for incoming messages from the network. In at least some embodiments, the modem subsystem 306 continuously (or periodically) polls and records these metrics. The modem subsystem 306 then provides one or more of RAT quality metric inputs 402-2 to the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 by generating a RAT quality signal, event, interrupt, or the like, which is then sent to the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 indicating each metric.

[0060] In at least some embodiments, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 receives device context inputs 402-3 (e.g., UE screen state, user-interface inputs, applications running, application throughput, etc.) from the operating system 328, the user interface 330, a combination thereof, or the like. For example, the operating system 328 monitors the screen state using system Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) and event listeners that detect when the screen is turned on or off. These event listeners are triggered by various actions, such as pressing the power button, a screen timeout, or user interaction, allowing the operating system 328 to keep track of whether the screen is active or in a power-saving state. Additionally, the operating system 328 collects data on user-interface interactions through its input subsystem, which processes signals from the UE device’s touchscreen and hardware buttons. This subsystem captures and records inputs, such as touch events, gestures, and key presses, providing a detailed account of how the user is interacting with the UE device 102. Furthermore, the operating system 328 tracks active applications through its process management system, which monitors which applications are running, whether they are in the foreground or background, and their current data throughput. The operating system 328 utilizes network monitoring APIs to track the amount of data each application is sending and receiving, allowing for a detailed understanding of each application’s network demands. The operatingsystem 328 then provides one or more of device context inputs 402-3 to the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 by generating a device context input signal 402-3, event, broadcast intent, callback, etc., which is sent to the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 to indicate each metric.

[0061] The adaptive RAT selection manager 334 processes the received inputs 402 and generates one or more selective RAT preference decisions 404 based thereon to implement one or more RAT preferences. As described below, the one or more RAT preferences prioritize a particular RAT over others, disable certain RATs, adjusts a RAT icon being presented on the user interface 330 affected by the RAT preference decision, or a combination thereof.

[0062] The adaptive RAT selection manager 334 aggregates and processes the obtained inputs 402 to determine the current operating environment of the UE device 102. Based on the processed inputs 402, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 implements specific RAT preferences that are pre-configured or dynamically determined based on the current operating environment of the UE device 102. For instance, when the UE device 102 is under Wi-Fi coverage, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334, in at least some embodiments, disables the 5G (NSA and SA) capability to conserve power or chooses to disable only the 5G SA capability while still supporting 5G NSA. In other embodiments, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 prioritizes LTE over 5G and configures the UE device 102 to conditionally support 5G NSA and SA when needed. By disabling 5G SA, the UE device 102 does not need to camp on a 5G SA cell or perform 5G cell searches and measurements when in idle mode and connected to an LTE RAT. The adaptive RAT selection manager 334, in at least some embodiments, re-enables 5G or 5G SA when poor LTE coverage conditions are detected based on the inputs 402.

[0063] The adaptive RAT selection manager 334 configures the UE device 102 to implement its RAT preference decisions 404 by generating specific outputs or signals indicating the selected RAT preference(s) 406 (illustrated as RAT preference 406-1 to RAT preference 406-3) to components of the UE device 102, such as the modem subsystem 306, the PMU 320, the OS 328, and the like. For example, in response to receiving a RAT preference 406-2 from the adaptive RAT selection manager 334, themodem subsystem 306 performs one or more RAT configuration operations 408 to update its RAT configuration. This process varies depending on the specific RAT preference determined by the adaptive RAT selection manager 334. For example, if the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 decides to disable both 5G NSA and SA capabilities, modem firmware within the modem subsystem 306 completely disengages from any 5G-related activities such that the modem subsystem 306 will no longer connect to or search for 5G NSA or SA networks. Instead, the modem subsystem 306 focuses exclusively on LTE or other available RATs, with connectivity management protocols adjusted to ensure no power or resources are allocated to 5G, thereby maximizing power savings. The modem firmware within the modem subsystem 306 also optimizes the DRX and paging cycles for LTE. For example, the modem firmware lengthens these cycles to improve efficient power usage while maintaining network responsiveness. The modem subsystem 306 confirms that 5G NSA and SA have been fully disabled and that the updated LTE configurations are in place, ensuring that the UE device 102 operates without any 5G capabilities, fully aligned with the RAT preference mode.

[0064] If the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 decides to disable only the 5G SA capability, the modem firmware within the modem subsystem 306 alters its protocols to stop engaging with 5G SA networks while continuing to support 5G NSA. This means that while 5G SA operations are halted, the modem subsystem 306 can still connect to and utilize 5G NSA networks, allowing for enhanced performance when necessary. The modem firmware adjusts the DRX and paging cycles specifically for 5G NSA and LTE to ensure that 5G SA-related cycles are completely disabled, while 5G NSA and LTE cycles remain responsive. The modem subsystem 306 then confirms that 5G SA has been disabled and that the DRX and paging cycles for 5G NSA and LTE have been updated accordingly, ensuring that the modem operates under the preferred configuration with 5G SA disabled but 5G NSA still active.

[0065] If the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 decides to prefer LTE over 5G, but the UE device 102 retains conditional support for 5G NSA and SA, the modem subsystem 306 prioritizes LTE connections. However, the modem subsystem 306remains configured to support 5G NSA and SA under certain conditions, such as when LTE coverage is poor or when high data throughput is required. The modem firmware within the modem subsystem 306 is adjusted to favor LTE in most scenarios, with 5G NSA and SA as fallback options. The modem firmware optimizes the DRX and paging cycles primarily for LTE to enhance responsiveness, while configuring the cycles for 5G NSA and SA to remain in a standby or low-power state, ready to be activated if needed. The modem subsystem 306, in at least some embodiments, then confirms that LTE has been set as the preferred RAT, with conditional support for 5G NSA and SA to ensure that the UE device 102 is prepared to switch between LTE and 5G as needed based on current network conditions and requirements.

[0066] In response to receiving a RAT preference 406-1 from the adaptive RAT selection manager 334, the PMU 320 performs one or more operations 410 to adjust the UE device’s power distribution and management strategies. The specific actions taken by the PMU 320 depend on the RAT preference selected by the adaptive RAT selection manager 334. For example, in a scenario where the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 decides that neither 5G NSA nor 5G SA is needed, perhaps due to sufficient coverage and performance from LTE or because the UE device 102 is under strong Wi-Fi coverage, both 5G NSA and SA are disabled. In this case, the PMU 320 reduces or cuts off power to all components associated with 5G, including the radio transmitters, receivers, and processing units dedicated to both 5G NSA and SA. For example, the PMU 320 adjusts the power supply to the modem and other related components, scales down voltage levels, or disables certain power rails associated with the deactivated RAT to effectively conserve power. This results in power savings as the UE device 102 no longer engages in 5G-related operations, such as cell searches, measurements, or data transmission.

[0067] Alternatively, if the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 determines that only 5G SA is unnecessary and 5G NSA might still be beneficial for certain operations, the PMU 320 reduces or cuts off power only to the components required for 5G SA, while keeping the NSA components active. This allows the UE device 102 to conserve energy by avoiding the need for 5G SA cell camping and measurements,while still utilizing 5G NSA for enhanced data performance if necessary. In situations where LTE is preferred over 5G for power savings, such as when the UE device 102 is connected to Wi-Fi or when LTE is deemed sufficient for current data needs, but the UE device 102 retains the ability to switch back to 5G NSA or SA if required, the PMU 320 optimizes power by primarily supplying power to LTE components while keeping 5G NSA and SA components in a low-power or standby mode. This strategy reduces power consumption by limiting the activity of 5G components, allowing the UE device 102 to quickly reactivate 5G capabilities if the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 detects poor or decreased LTE performance or if 5G becomes necessary for certain applications. In at least some embodiments, instead of the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 instructing the PMU 320 to perform power adjustment operations, the modem subsystem 306 instructs the PMU 320 to perform these operations when the modem subsystem 306 enables or disables one or more RATs.

[0068] In response to receiving a RAT preference 406-3 from the adaptive RAT selection manager 334, the OS 328 performs one or more icon display adjustment operations 412 410 that update the user interface 330 to reflect the changes in network configuration or if the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 has decided to override the default icon. For example, if the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 disables 5G SA, the OS 328 instructs the user interface 330 to replace the 5G icon with an LTE icon to reflect the change accurately.

[0069] As the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 continues to receive inputs 402 from various components within the UE device 102, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 dynamically updates its RAT preferences 406 based on the current operating environment. This ongoing process ensures that the UE device 102 remains optimized for both power efficiency and connectivity performance. This dynamic and responsive approach allows the UE device 102 to balance power savings with maintaining high-quality connectivity, providing the user with an optimized experience tailored to the current network environment.

[0070] FIG. 5 is a transaction diagram 500 illustrating the interactions between various components within the UE device 102 for implementing an example RATpreference when the UE device 102 is connected to a Wi-Fi network. In this example, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 selectively disables the 5G SA RAT for the UE device 102 when the device 102 is in a Wi-Fi connected state. As shown in FIG. 5, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 receives an input 502-1 from the Wi-Fi controller 318, indicating that the UE device 102 is in a Wi-Fi connected state. This input 502-1 , in at least some embodiments, is similar to the Wi-Fi state input 402-1 described above with respect to FIG. 4.

[0071] After receiving an input indicating that the UE device 102 is in a Wi-Fi connected state, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 makes a selective RAT decision 504 which, in this example, is to disable the 5G SA RAT. In response to this decision, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 initiates a 5G SA disable debounce timer 506. This timer 506 is a precautionary measure designed to delay the action of disabling 5G SA by an amount of time to ensure that the Wi-Fi connection is stable and persistent before proceeding with further steps. The debounce timer 506 allows the UE device 102 to avoid unnecessary RAT changes if the Wi-Fi connection is intermittent or unstable. During this period, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 continuously monitors the Wi-Fi connection status through inputs 502 provided by the Wi-Fi controller 318. If the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 receives an input 502-2 indicating that the Wi-Fi connection is lost or interrupted before the timer expires, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 disables 508 or cancels the timer 506, effectively halting the process of disabling 5G SA. This mechanism ensures that 5G SA remains available if the Wi-Fi connection is not sustained, preserving the UE device’s ability to connect to high-speed cellular networks.

[0072] If the Wi-Fi connection remains stable and the debounce timer 506 expires 510 without interruption, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 proceeds to the next step by sending a trigger signal 512 to the modem subsystem 306. This signal 512 instructs the modem subsystem 306 to disable the 5G SA capability. However, before the modem subsystem 306 can apply this trigger, it performs a check 514 to determine if there is an ongoing Radio Resource Control (RRC) connection. The RRC connection maintains active data sessions and ensures seamlesscommunication with the network 100. If an RRC connection is active, the modem subsystem 306 holds the trigger, delaying the disabling of 5G SA until the connection is terminated. This ensures that ongoing data sessions are not disrupted, preserving the user experience. If there is no RRC connection or the RRC connection is no longer active, the modem subsystem 306 proceeds to disable the 5G SA RAT.

[0073] Upon receiving the trigger to disable 5G SA, the modem subsystem 306 subsystem 306 performs one or more actions 516 to disable the 5G SA RAT across the entire network stack. In at least some embodiments, this action involves stopping all 5G SA-related operations, including terminating any ongoing 5G SA sessions and preventing the UE device 102 from camping on 5G SA cells. Additionally, the modem subsystem 306 performs a RAT reselection, where it instructs the UE device 102 to camp on LTE if it was previously camped on a 5G SA cell. The RAT reselection ensures that the UE device 102 maintains network connectivity by switching to an alternative RAT that remains active. Along with the RAT reselection, the modem subsystem 306, in at least some embodiments, initiates a Tracking Area Update (TAU) and capability update. These updates inform the network of the UE device’s new RAT configuration, ensuring that the network is aware that the UE device 102 is now operating on LTE rather than 5G SA. The TAU and capability update also help maintain accurate network registration and ensure that the UE device 102 receives appropriate services based on its current capabilities.

[0074] In response to disabling the 5G SA RAT, the modem subsystem 306 communicates with the PMU 320 to adjust the power settings accordingly. For example, the modem subsystem 306 sends a command 518 to the PMU 320 to reduce or cut off power to the 5G SA components, which include the radio transmitters, receivers, and other associated hardware. This power adjustment ensures that no unnecessary power is consumed by components that are no longer active. The PMU 320 performs one or more actions 520, such as scaling down voltage levels or disabling specific power rails associated with 5G SA RAT. By doing so, the PMU 320 320 effectively conserves the UE device’s battery life, which optimizes power efficiency during periods when 5G SA is not in use.

[0075] After the 5G SA RAT has been disabled and the UE device 102 is operating on LTE, the modem subsystem 306 continues to monitor the LTE service availability. If LTE goes out of service (OOS), or if the UE device 102 experiences a fallback to 2G / 3G or enters limited service mode, the modem subsystem 306 sends a notification 522 to the adaptive RAT selection manager 334. This notification 522 prompts the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 to re-evaluate the current network conditions. In response to this notification, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334, in at least some embodiments, decides to re-enable 5G SA to restore high-speed connectivity. The adaptive RAT selection manager 334 sends a signal 524 to both the modem subsystem 306 and the PMU 320 to restore power to the 5G SA components and re-engage with 5G SA networks. The PMU 320 then reinstates power 526 to the 5G SA components, allowing the modem subsystem 306 to reactivate 528 5G SA across the stack. This re-enablement ensures that the UE device 102 can maintain optimal connectivity, even under changing network conditions, by dynamically switching between available RATs based on current service availability.

[0076] FIG. 6 is a transaction diagram 600 illustrating the interactions between various components within the UE device 102 for implementing an example RAT preference when the UE device 102 disconnects from a Wi-Fi network. In this example, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 selectively enables the 5G SA RAT for the UE device 102 when the device 102 is in a Wi-Fi disconnected state. As shown in FIG. 6, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 receives an input 602-1 from the Wi-Fi controller 318, indicating that the UE device 102 is no longer connected to a Wi-Fi network. This input 602-1 , in at least some embodiments, is similar to the Wi-Fi state input 402-1 described above with respect to FIG. 4.

[0077] After receiving an input 602 indicating that the UE device 102 is no longer connected to a Wi-Fi network, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 initiates a 5G SA enable debounce timer 604. This timer 604 is a precautionary measure designed to delay the action of enabling 5G SA by a few minutes to ensure that the disconnection from Wi-Fi is stable and persistent before proceeding with further steps. The debounce timer 604 allows the UE device 102 to avoid unnecessary RATchanges if the Wi-Fi connection is intermittent or quickly restored. During this period, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 continuously monitors the Wi-Fi connection status through one or more inputs 602 provided by the Wi-Fi controller 318. If the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 receives an input 602-2 indicating that the Wi-Fi connection has been re-established before the timer expires, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 disables 608 or cancels the timer 606, effectively halting the process of enabling 5G SA. This mechanism ensures that 5G SA remains disabled if the Wi-Fi connection is quickly restored, preserving the UE device’s focus on using Wi-Fi for high-speed data transmission.

[0078] If ongoing data transmission exists when the UE device 102 disconnects from Wi-Fi, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 initiates a handover 610 to the LTE or 5G NSA RAT. This ensures that the ongoing data session is maintained seamlessly, with the UE device 102 switching to a reliable RAT for continued connectivity. The handover process involves the modem subsystem 306 managing the transition from Wi-Fi to LTE or 5G NSA, ensuring no disruption in data services.

[0079] If the Wi-Fi connection is not restored and the 5G SA enable timer 606 expires 612 without interruption, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 proceeds to send a trigger signal 614 to the modem subsystem 306. This signal 614 instructs the modem subsystem 306 to enable the 5G SA capability. In at least some embodiments, before the modem subsystem 306 applies this trigger, the modem subsystem 306 performs a check 616 to determine if there is an ongoing RRC connection over LTE or 5G NSA. If an RRC connection is active, the modem subsystem 306 holds the trigger, delaying the enabling of 5G SA until the connection is terminated. If there is no RRC connection or the RRC connection is no longer active, the modem subsystem 306 proceeds to enable the 5G SA RAT.

[0080] Upon receiving the trigger to enable 5G SA, the modem subsystem 306 sends a power adjustment command 618 to the PMU 320 to restore power to the 5G SA components. In response to receiving this command 618, the PMU 320 performs one or more actions 620 to restore power to the 5G SA components. Following (or prior to) the power adjustment, the modem subsystem 306 performs one or more actions 622 to enable the 5G SA RAT across the entire network stack, includingreactivating all 5G SA-related operations, allowing the UE device 102 to camp on 5G SA cells, and re-establishing any necessary connections with the 5G SA network. Additionally, the modem subsystem 306 initiates a Tracking Area Update (TAU) and capability update similar to that described above with respect to FIG. 5.

[0081] FIG. 7 is a transaction diagram 700 illustrating the interactions between various components within the UE device 102 for implementing a RAT search relaxation mode when the UE device 102 is connected to a Wi-Fi network. It should be understood that the following description applies when the UE device 102 is in an idle mode or a connected mode. In the example shown in FIG. 7, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 controls the frequency of inter-RAT (iRAT) searches and measurements based on one or more factors, such as current RAT preferences, network conditions, the operating environment, a combination thereof, and the like. As shown in FIG. 7, the modem subsystem 306 receives network configuration settings 702 from the network 100, including signal strength thresholds (e.g., RSRP), search intervals, and other criteria as defined by one or more 3GPP specifications. The modem subsystem 306 sends the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 connectivity status information 704, including the RAT currently in use and signal quality metrics (e.g., RSRP, SINR, etc.).

[0082] The adaptive RAT selection manager 334 uses the connectivity status information 704 to assess the current RAT and determine and make a decision 706 if an iRAT search should be initiated. For example, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 evaluates the signal quality metrics evaluates them against preconfigured RAT preferences and the thresholds provided by the network during the initial setup or periodic updates. If the signal strength drops below the required threshold or if the current RAT is no longer preferred due to power consumption or other factors, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 decides that an iRAT search should be performed.

[0083] If the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 determines that an iRAT search should be performed, the modem subsystem 306, in at least some embodiments, verifies that the current search intervals and conditions align with the network configuration settings 702 it received from the network 100. This ensures that the UEdevice 102 is operating under the correct baseline configuration as defined by the network 100. Examples of the parameters being verified include the maximum allowable intervals between iRAT searches and the signal strength thresholds (e.g., RSRP) that trigger these searches, as defined by one or more 3GPP specifications. By confirming that the current configuration is compliant with network policies, the modem subsystem 306 provides a validated foundation for any future adjustments. The modem subsystem 306 then provides the verification 708 to the adaptive RAT selection manager 334.

[0084] The adaptive RAT selection manager 334 then makes a decision 710 whether to relax (e.g., decrease) or maintain the iRAT search periodicity based on, for example, the iRAT search decision 706 and the baseline verification 708 received from the modem subsystem 306. In at least some embodiments, this decision is influenced by the current RAT preferences, signal strength, and the overall operating environment. In at least some embodiments, if the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 determines that a particular RAT is no longer preferred due to, for example, excessive power consumption or poor signal quality, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 relaxes the frequency of iRAT searches for that RAT. For example, instead of performing an iRAT search every N idle mode DRX cycle, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 adjusts the search interval to every M*N cycle, where M is an adaptively set value that balances power savings with maintaining sufficient connectivity.

[0085] When the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 decides to relax the iRAT search interval, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 sends a command 712 to the modem subsystem 306 to adjust its search behavior accordingly. The modem subsystem 306 then performs one or more actions 714 to modify, for example, its internal timers and counters to reflect the new, relaxed search interval. This adjustment reduces the frequency of iRAT searches, conserving battery life and reducing the processing load on the modem subsystem 306. For example, the modem subsystem 306 implements the relaxed iRAT search interval by updating its search algorithms and processes. This includes altering the scheduling of search activities and adjusting the modem’s internal configurations and search algorithms toalign with the new, relaxed (less frequent) search pattern / interval. If necessary, the modem subsystem 306 informs the network 100 of the updated search behavior to maintain synchronization with the network’s expectations and avoid unnecessary signaling.

[0086] The modem subsystem 306 then performs the iRAT search 716 based on this adjusted interval, scanning for other available RATs, evaluating their signal strengths, and determining if a better RAT is available that meets the current network and device conditions. If a more suitable RAT is found, the modem subsystem 306, in at least some embodiments, initiates a handover to the new RAT, following the established procedures for RAT reselection. This ensures that the UE device 102 can maintain optimal connectivity while adhering to the adjusted search intervals. The modem subsystem 306 also sends a command 718 to the PMU 320 to adjust power management strategies. In response to receiving this command 718, the PMU 320 performs one or more actions 720 to reduce power consumption during the extended idle periods when searches are less frequent, further optimizing the UE device’s battery life. These operations realize the power savings intended by the relaxed search intervals, as they ensure that the modem and other related components operate in a more power-efficient manner when not actively searching for alternative RATs.

[0087] FIG. 8 is a transaction diagram 800 illustrating the interactions between various components within the UE device 102 for implementing a RAT search relaxation mode when the UE device 102 is connected to a Wi-Fi network and camped on a specific RAT. It should be understood that the following description applies when the UE device 102 is in an idle mode or a connected mode. In the example shown in FIG. 8, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 manages serving cell searches and measurements to optimize power efficiency, especially when the Wi-Fi network is handling most of the UE device’s data and voice communication needs.

[0088] As shown in FIG. 8, the Wi-Fi controller 318 detects that the UE device 102 is connected to a Wi-Fi network. For example, the Wi-Fi controller 318 monitors the connection status and confirms that Wi-Fi is active and handling at least a thresholdamount of the data and voice connections. The Wi-Fi controller 318 sends a Wi-Fi connection status signal 802 to the adaptive RAT selection manager 334. This signal informs the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 that the UE device 102 is now connected to a Wi-Fi network.

[0089] When the UE device 102 is connected to a Wi-Fi network, the UE device 102 is still camped on a particular RAT and able to access the network 100 if needed to support some network signaling (e.g., reconfiguration) and some data transfer. In this situation, the RAT link is mainly used for maintenance purposes (e.g., continue to monitor SIB broadcasts). Also, if the UE device 102 has a robust connection to a WiFi network, this implies that the user should be either stationary or in low-mobility condition. As such, in response to receiving the Wi-Fi connection status signal 802, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 performs an evaluation 804 to determine whether serving cell searches and measurement cycles should be relaxed for the currently camped RAT.

[0090] For example, the manager assesses connectivity status data provided by the modem subsystem 306, including current RAT information and signal quality metrics (e.g., RSRP, SINR). The adaptive RAT selection manager 334 also considers the mobility status of the UE device 102, assuming that a strong and stable Wi-Fi connection implies the user is stationary or in a low-mobility condition. Given these conditions, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 considers whether the current serving cell search and measurement cycle can be relaxed without impacting the user experience or network performance.

[0091] Based on the evaluation 804, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 makes a decision 806 to relax the serving cell search and measurement cycle, given that the Wi-Fi network is handling most of the data traffic, reducing the need for frequent cellular network searches. In at least some embodiments, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 determines that the search intervals can be extended from every N idle mode DRX cycle to every M*N cycle, where M is set adaptively to ensure no noticeable performance impact on the user or the network. The adaptive RAT selection manager 334 sends a command 808 to the modem subsystem 306,instructing the modem subsystem 306 to adjust the search and measurement cycle according to the relaxed intervals.

[0092] The modem subsystem 306 receives these instructions and performs one or more actions 810 to modify its internal timers, counters, and search algorithms to reduce the frequency of serving cell searches and measurements. The modem subsystem 306, is then configured to focus on the necessary network maintenance activities, such as monitoring SIB broadcasts and handling minimal data transfers. This relaxation conserves battery life and reduces processing load, aligning with the conditions where the Wi-Fi network is the primary communication channel. The modem subsystem 306 sends a command 812 to the PMU 320 to optimize power management. For example, the modem subsystem informs the PMU of the relaxed search intervals. The PMU 320 then performs one or more actions 814 to adjust power distribution energy consumption accordingly. The PMU 320 reduces power consumption during the extended idle periods, further conserving the UE device’s battery life.

[0093] FIG. 9 is a transaction diagram 900 illustrating the interactions between various components within the UE device 102 for managing RAT SIB and page monitoring while the UE device 102 is connected to a Wi-Fi network. In this example, the majority of the UE device’s data and voice communications are handled by the Wi-Fi network, allowing the UE device 102 to potentially bypass or skip some of the usual SIB / page monitoring cycles to conserve power without degrading the user experience. As shown in FIG. 9, the Wi-Fi controller 318 detects that the UE device 102 is connected to a Wi-Fi network. The Wi-Fi controller 318 sends a Wi-Fi connection status signal 802 to the adaptive RAT selection manager 334. This signal informs the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 that the UE device 102 is now connected to a Wi-Fi network, similar to the signal 802 described above with respect to FIG. 8.

[0094] In response to receiving the Wi-Fi connection status signal 902, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 performs an evaluation 904 to determine whether the UE device 102 needs to maintain its standard frequency of SIB / page monitoring while connected to the Wi-Fi network. For example, the UE device 102 is still camped on aparticular RAT and must be able to access the network if needed, such as for system information block (SIB) broadcasts or paging messages that indicate network-initiated updates or reconfigurations. Therefore, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 manager assesses whether bypassing some of these cycles is feasible without affecting the overall user experience, given that Wi-Fi handles the majority of data traffic.

[0095] Based on the evaluation 904, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 makes a decision 906 to bypass or skip one or more SIP / page monitoring cycles. In at least some embodiments, this decision 906 is based on the redundancy of SIB and paging messages, which are often transmitted multiple times by the network 100. The adaptive RAT selection manager 334 determines that skipping certain cycles can conserve power without significantly impacting the UE device’s ability to receive critical network updates. The adaptive RAT selection manager 334 sends a command 908 to the modem subsystem 306, instructing the modem subsystem 306 to bypass or skip monitoring cycles.

[0096] The modem subsystem 306 receives these instructions and performs one or more actions 910 to implement the adjusted SIB / page monitoring cycle. The modem subsystem 306 then bypasses certain monitoring cycles as instructed, reducing the processing load and conserving battery life. This allows the UE device 102 to maintain necessary network connectivity while optimizing power usage, given that most data traffic is handled by Wi-Fi. The modem subsystem 306 sends a command 912 to the PMU 320 to optimize power management. For example, the modem subsystem informs the PMU of the reduced monitoring activity. The PMU 320 then performs one or more actions 914 to adjust power distribution and energy consumption accordingly. This adjustment further conserves the battery life of the UE device 102 during periods when Wi-Fi is the primary communication channel.

[0097] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example method 1000 of an overall process for implementing an adaptive RAT selection technique that manages RAT preferences when the UE device 102 is connected to a Wi-Fi network. It should be understood that the processes described below with respect to method 1000 have been described above in greater detail with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 6. Forpurposes of description, the method 1000 is described with respect to an example implementation at the UE device 102 of FIG. 1 or FIG. 3, but it will be appreciated that, in other embodiments, the method 1000 is implemented at UE devices having different configurations. Also, the method 1000 is not limited to the sequence of operations shown in FIG. 10, as at least some of the operations can be performed in parallel or in a different sequence. Moreover, in at least some embodiments, the method 1000 can include one or more different operations than those shown in FIG. 10.

[0098] At block 1002, the adaptive selection manager 334 detects that the UE device 102 is connected to a Wi-Fi network. At block 1004, the adaptive selection manager 334 obtains one or more inputs 402 associated with an operational context of the UE device 102, such as Wi-Fi state inputs 402-1 , RAT quality metric inputs 402-2, device context inputs 402-3, and the like. In at least some embodiments, any changes in the inputs to the adaptive selection manager 334 are delayed to filter out potential fluctuations in the input before being used by the adaptive selection manager 334. At block 1006, the adaptive selection manager 334 processes these inputs to determine one or more RAT preferences. At block 1008, the adaptive selection manager 334 decides on and implements one or more RAT preferences based on the processed inputs 402. These one or more RAT preferences, in at least some embodiments, are different from a RAT preference configured by the network 100 or an operator of the cellular network 100. Examples of these RAT preferences include disabling 5G (NSA and SA) if 5G is not needed due to good LTE coverage and strong Wi-Fi coverage, disabling 5G SA only while still supporting non- standalone 5G to allow enhanced performance while saving power, preferring LTE over 5G with conditional support for 5G NSA and SA if needed, and the like.

[0099] At block 1010, the modem subsystem 306 updates the RAT configuration based on the decisions made by the adaptive selection manager 334. This includes, for example, disabling or adjusting RATs and modifying DRX and paging cycles for optimal power usage. In at least some embodiments, the modem subsystem 306 communicates with the network 100 to implement the RAT preference change. At block 1012, the PMU 320 adjusts the power supply to the modem subsystem 306and other components based on the RAT preferences. For example, power is reduced or cut off to 5G components if they are disabled. At block 1014, the operating system 328 updates the user interface 330 to reflect the current RAT configuration. For example, if 5G SA is disabled, the 5G icon is replaced with an LTE icon. The process then returns to block 1002, where the adaptive selection manager 334 continues to monitor the UE device’s operating environment.

[0100] FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example method 1100 of an overall process for implementing a RAT search relaxation mode when the UE device 102 is connected to a Wi-Fi network. It should be understood that the processes described below with respect to method 1100 have been described above in greater detail with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 and FIG. 7. For purposes of description, the method 1100 is described with respect to an example implementation at the UE device 102 of FIG. 1 or FIG. 3, but it will be appreciated that, in other embodiments, the method 1100 is implemented at UE devices having different configurations. Also, the method 1100 is not limited to the sequence of operations shown in FIG. 11 , as at least some of the operations can be performed in parallel or in a different sequence. Moreover, in at least some embodiments, the method 1100 can include one or more operations that are different from those shown in FIG. 11.

[0101] At block 1102, the adaptive selection manager 334 obtains network configuration settings (e.g., signal strength thresholds, search intervals, and other criteria defined by one or more 3GPP specifications). At block 1104, the adaptive selection manager 334 obtains connectivity status information (e.g., Wi-Fi state, the RAT current in use, signal quality metrics, etc.). At block 1106, the adaptive selection manager 334 evaluates the need for iRAT search. For example, the adaptive selection manager 334 evaluates the connectivity status information against the preconfigured RAT preferences and network thresholds. The adaptive selection manager 334 assesses whether the signal strength has dropped below the required threshold or if the current RAT is no longer preferred due to factors, such as power consumption. Based on this evaluation, the adaptive selection manager 334 decides whether an iRAT search should be initiated.

[0102] At block 1108, the modem subsystem 306 verifies the network configuration alignment. For example, if the adaptive selection manager 334 determines that an iRAT search should be performed, the modem subsystem 306 verifies that the search intervals and conditions align with the network configuration settings. The modem subsystem 306 then provides the verification back to the modem subsystem 306. At block 1110, the adaptive selection manager 334 uses this verification to make a final decision on whether to relax or maintain the iRAT search periodicity. For example, if the current RAT is no longer preferred due to poor signal quality or excessive power consumption, the adaptive selection manager 334 determines that the search frequency is to be relaxed and notifies the modem subsystem 306.

[0103] If the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 determines that iRAT search periodicity should be maintained, the process returns to block 1102. However, at block 1112, if the search frequency is relaxed, the modem subsystem 306 updates the iRAT search behavior. For example, instead of performing an iRAT search every N idle mode DRX cycle, the interval is adjusted to every M*N cycle, where M is adaptively set. In at least some embodiments, the modem subsystem 306 performs these operations by modifying its internal timers, counters, and search algorithms to align with the new, less frequent search pattern. This adjustment helps conserve battery life and reduce processing load.

[0104] At block 1114, the modem subsystem 306 executes the adjusted iRAT search according to the new interval. For example, the modem subsystem 306 scans for other available RATs, evaluates their signal strengths and determines if a better RAT is available. If a more suitable RAT is found, the modem subsystem 306, in at least some embodiments, initiates a handover to the new RAT to ensure optimal connectivity while adhering to the adjusted search intervals. At block 1116, the PMU 320 optimizes power usage based on the relaxed search schedule. For example, the PMU 320 reduces power consumption during extended idle periods, further optimizing the UE device’s battery life. The process then returns to block 1102, where the adaptive selection manager 334 continues to monitor the UE device’s operating environment.

[0105] FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example method 1200 of an overall process for implementing a RAT search relaxation mode when the UE device 102 is connected to a Wi-Fi network and camped on a specific RAT. It should be understood that the processes described below with respect to method 1200 have been described above in greater detail with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 and FIG. 8. For purposes of description, the method 1200 is described with respect to an example implementation at the UE device 102 of FIG. 1 or FIG. 3, but it will be appreciated that, in other embodiments, the method 1200 is implemented at UE devices having different configurations. Also, the method 1200 is not limited to the sequence of operations shown in FIG. 12, as at least some of the operations can be performed in parallel or in a different sequence. Moreover, in at least some embodiments, the method 1200 can include one or more operations that are different from those shown in FIG. 12.

[0106] At block 1202, the adaptive selection manager 334 detects a Wi-Fi connection at the UE device 102. At block 1204, the adaptive selection manager 334 evaluates whether the standard serving cell search and measurement cycles are necessary given the current Wi-Fi connection. For example, the adaptive selection manager 334 assesses connectivity status data provided by the modem subsystem 306, including RAT information and signal quality metrics (e.g., RSRP, SINR), and considers the mobility status of the UE device 102. This evaluation, in at least some embodiments, focuses on whether the current serving cell search and measurement cycles can be relaxed without impacting network performance or user experience.

[0107] At block 1206, the adaptive selection manager 334 makes a decision on whether to relax the serving cell search and measurement cycles based on the evaluation. In at least some embodiments, this decision takes into account that Wi-Fi is handling the majority of the data traffic, reducing the need for frequent cellular network searches. If the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 determines that the current serving cell search and measurement cycles should be maintained, the process returns to block 1202.

[0108] At block 1208, if the adaptive selection manager 334 decides the serving cell search and measurement cycles should be relaxed, the modem subsystem 306adjusts the search and measurement cycles. For example, the modem subsystem 306 extends the search intervals from every N idle mode DRX cycle to every M*N cycle, where M is set adaptively to ensure no noticeable performance impact on the user or the network. In at least some embodiments, the modem subsystem 306 performs these operations by modifying its internal timers, counters, and search algorithms to align with relaxed intervals. This adjustment allows the modem subsystem 306 to focus on necessary network maintenance activities, such as monitoring SIB broadcasts and handling minimal data transfers, thereby optimizing power usage. At block 1210, the PMU 320 optimizes power usage based on the reduced search intervals to conserve the UE device’s battery during periods of extended idle time. The process then returns to block 1202, where the adaptive selection manager 334 continues to monitor the UE device’s operating environment.

[0109] FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example method 1200 of an overall process for managing RAT SIB and page monitoring while the UE device 102 is connected to a Wi-Fi network. It should be understood that the processes described below with respect to method 1300 have been described above in greater detail with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 and FIG. 9. For purposes of description, the method 1300 is described with respect to an example implementation at the UE device 102 of FIG. 1 or FIG. 3, but it will be appreciated that, in other embodiments, the method 1300 is implemented at UE devices having different configurations. Also, the method 1300 is not limited to the sequence of operations shown in FIG. 13, as at least some of the operations can be performed in parallel or in a different sequence. Moreover, in at least some embodiments, the method 1300 can include one or more operations that are different from those shown in FIG. 13.

[0110] At block 1302, the adaptive RAT selection manager 334 detects a Wi-Fi connection at the UE device 102. At block 1304, the adaptive selection manager 334 evaluates whether the standard frequency of SIB / page monitoring cycles should be maintained while connected to the Wi-Fi network. In at least some embodiments, this evaluation considers that the UE device 102 is still camped on a particular RAT and must remain capable of receiving critical network updates, such as SIB broadcasts or paging messages. The adaptive RAT selection manager 334 assesses whetherbypassing or skipping some of these cycles is feasible without degrading the overall user experience, given that Wi-Fi handles most data traffic.

[0111] At block 1306, the adaptive selection manager 334 makes a decision on whether to bypass one or more SIB / page monitoring cycles based on the evaluation. In at least some embodiments, this decision leverages the redundancy of SIB and paging messages, which are often transmitted multiple times by the network 100. If the adaptive selection manager 334 determines that the standard frequency of SIB / page monitoring cycles should be maintained, the process returns to block 1302. At block 1308, if the adaptive selection manager 334 determines that bypassing or skipping certain cycles can conserve power without significantly impacting the UE device’s ability to receive critical updates, the modem subsystem 306 adjusts its behavior to bypass monitoring cycles by reducing the frequency of these monitoring activities, thereby conserving processing power and battery life. At block 1310, the PMU 320 optimizes power usage in response to the reduced monitoring activity to conserve the UE device’s battery during periods when Wi-Fi is the primary communication channel. The process then returns to block 1302, where the adaptive selection manager 334 continues to monitor the UE device’s operating environment.

[0112] In some embodiments, certain aspects of the techniques described above may be implemented by one or more processors of a processing system executing software. The software comprises one or more sets of executable instructions stored or otherwise tangibly embodied on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The software can include the instructions and certain data that, when executed by the one or more processors, manipulate the one or more processors to perform one or more aspects of the techniques described above. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium can include, for example, a magnetic or optical disk storage device, solid-state storage devices such as Flash memory, a cache, random access memory (RAM) or other non-volatile memory device or devices, and the like. The executable instructions stored on the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may be in source code, assembly language code, object code, or other instruction format that is interpreted or otherwise executable by one or more processors.

[0113] A computer-readable storage medium may include any storage medium, or combination of storage media, accessible by a computer system during use to provide instructions and / or data to the computer system. Such storage media can include, but is not limited to, optical media (e.g., compact disc (CD), digital versatile disc (DVD), Blu-Ray disc), magnetic media (e.g., floppy disc, magnetic tape, or magnetic hard drive), volatile memory (e.g., random access memory (RAM) or cache), non-volatile memory (e.g., read-only memory (ROM) or Flash memory), or microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)-based storage media. The computer- readable storage medium may be embedded in the computing system (e.g., system RAM or ROM), fixedly attached to the computing system (e.g., a magnetic hard drive), removably attached to the computing system (e.g., an optical disc or Universal Serial Bus (USB)-based Flash memory), or coupled to the computer system via a wired or wireless network (e.g., network accessible storage (NAS)).

[0114] Note that not all of the activities or elements described above in the general description are required, that a portion of a specific activity or device may not be required, and that one or more further activities may be performed, or elements included, in addition to those described. Still further, the order in which activities are listed are not necessarily the order in which they are performed. Also, the concepts have been described with reference to specific embodiments. However, one of ordinary skill in the art appreciates that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as set forth in the claims below. Accordingly, the specification and figures are to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense, and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0115] Benefits, other advantages, and solutions to problems have been described above with regard to specific embodiments. However, the benefits, advantages, solutions to problems, and any feature(s) that may cause any benefit, advantage, or solution to occur or become more pronounced are not to be construed as a critical, required, or essential feature of any or all the claims. Moreover, the particular embodiments disclosed above are illustrative only, as the disclosed subject matter may be modified and practiced in different but equivalent manners apparent to thoseskilled in the art having the benefit of the teachings herein. No limitations are intended to the details of construction or design herein shown, other than as described in the claims below. It is, therefore, evident that the particular embodiments disclosed above may be altered or modified and all such variations are considered within the scope of the disclosed subject matter. Accordingly, the protection sought herein is as set forth in the claims below.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. A method, comprising: obtaining, by a user equipment (UE) device (102) of a cellular network (100), at least one input (402) associated with an operational context of the UE device; and implementing, by the UE device and based on the at least one input, a radio access technology (RAT) preference (406) for the UE device that is different from a RAT preference configured by the cellular network or an operator of the cellular network.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein implementing the RAT preference comprises: responsive to detecting, based on the at least one input, that the UE device is connected to a Wi-Fi network (138), implementing the RAT preference.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein implementing the RAT preference comprises: disabling at least one RAT (108) of the UE device.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein implementing the RAT preference comprises: disabling a standalone capability of at least one RAT of the UE device while maintaining a non-standalone capability of the at least one RAT.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein implementing the RAT preference comprises: prioritizing a first RAT over a second RAT.

6. The method of claim 5, further comprising: responsive to detecting a decrease in performance of the first RAT, prioritizing the second RAT over the first RAT.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein prioritizing the first RAT over the second RAT comprises: obtaining idle mode power of the first RAT and idle mode power of the second RAT based on idle mode configurations from the cellular network andpower consumption measured for each of the first RAT and the second RAT ; and responsive to comparing the idle mode power of the first RAT and the idle mode power of the second RAT, prioritizing the first RAT over the second RAT.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein implementing the RAT preference comprises: responsive to the at least one input indicating that the UE device is connected to a Wi-Fi network, selecting a RAT (108) from a plurality of RATs at the UE device resulting in a lowest power consumption at the UE device.

9. The method of claim any one of the preceding claims, further comprising: adjusting a RAT icon being presented on a user interface of the UE device affected by the implemented RAT preference.

10. A method, comprising: responsive to determining that a user equipment (UE) device (102) of a cellular network is connected to a Wi-Fi network (138) with a Wi-Fi radio access technology (RAT), selecting, by the UE device, at least one RAT (108) from a plurality of RATs at the UE device that is different from the Wi-Fi RAT; and adjusting a configuration of the selected at least one RAT to reduce power consumption at the UE device.11 . The method of claim 10, wherein adjusting the configuration of the selected at least one RAT comprises: decreasing, inter-RAT search and measurement actions performed by the UE device for the selected at least one RAT.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein the selected at least one RAT is a camped RAT and adjusting the configuration of the selected at least one RAT comprises: decreasing serving cell search and measurement actions performed by the UE device for the selected at least one RAT.

13. The method of claim 10, wherein the selected at least one RAT is a camped RAT and adjusting the configuration of the selected at least one RAT comprises: bypassing one or more system information block monitoring occasions or cycles associated with the selected at least one RAT.

14. The method of claim 10, wherein the selected at least one RAT is a camped RAT and adjusting the configuration of the selected at least one RAT comprises: bypassing one or more page monitoring occasions or cycles associated with the selected at least one RAT.

15. A user equipment device (102), comprising: one or more radio frequency (RF) modems configured to wirelessly communicate with at least one network; one or more processors (316) coupled to the one or more RF modems (310); and at least one memory (322) storing executable instructions, the executable instructions configured to manipulate at least one of the one or more processors or the one or more RF modems to perform the method of any of the preceding claims.

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