Method for fitting out an interior space of a building

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for fitting out an interior space of a building. This method comprises an operation of manufacturing a wall (1) which comprises the following steps: - a step of installing a frame (3), - starting from said frame (3), on the one hand, a step of installing at least one plaster support panel (5) on said frame (3) and, on the other hand, a step of installing a sound and / or thermal insulating material (4) in the volume (V) delimited by said frame (3), and - a step of applying a plaster (6) on said at least one plaster support panel (5). Figure for the abstract: 1

Description

Title of the invention: Method for fitting out an interior space of a building Technical field of the invention

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of methods for fitting out an interior space of a building.

[0002] It relates in particular to methods comprising an operation of manufacturing a wall, for example among a distribution partition, an interior facing of a wall, a ceiling or a false ceiling. State of the art

[0003] In the construction sector, damp partitions (known as “masonry”, with gluing of the elements) are traditional and robust but provide little insulation and are relatively thick.

[0004] In this case, plaster, terracotta or cellular concrete tiles are assembled with mortar, plaster or glue.

[0005] For the finishing of such damp partitions, it is common to apply a decorative interior coating, sprayable by machine or manually.

[0006] This coating can provide both a filling function and an aesthetic final decoration.

[0007] But, in practice, the manufacture of such damp partitions, with coating by a coating, requires significant work and know-how. It also involves a longer installation time.

[0008] There is thus a need for a technical solution which would make it possible to manufacture, quickly and efficiently, a wall having such a coating finish and comprising effective insulation. Presentation of the invention

[0009] The present invention thus provides a method for fitting out an interior space of a building, which method comprises an operation of manufacturing a wall, in particular a vertical wall (for example a distribution partition or an interior facing of a wall) or a ceiling wall (for example a horizontal ceiling wall, a sloping ceiling wall or a false ceiling).

[0010] More particularly, the invention provides a method for fitting out an interior space of a building, which method comprises an operation of manufacturing a wall, for example a vertical wall (for example a distribution partition or an interior facing of a wall) or a ceiling wall (including a ceiling and false ceiling on a supporting structure, for example a horizontal ceiling wall or a sloping ceiling wall or a false ceiling).

[0011] The manufacturing operation comprises the following steps:

[0012] - a step of installing a framework, for example a metal framework or a wooden frame (advantageously designed to receive plasterboard),

[0013] - starting from said frame, on the one hand, a step of installing at least one panel coating support on said frame and, on the other hand, a step of laying a sound and / or thermal insulating material in the volume delimited by said frame, and

[0014] - a step of applying a coating to said at least one coating support panel.

[0015] The method according to the invention is thus particularly innovative in that it offers a technical solution which allows the rapid and efficient manufacture of a wall comprising insulation and a coating finish.

[0016] Other non-limiting and advantageous characteristics of the product / process according to the invention, taken individually or in all technically possible combinations, are the following:

[0017] - the step of laying the sound and / or thermal insulating material is carried out before the step of laying said at least one plaster support panel or the step of laying the sound and / or thermal insulating material is carried out after the step of laying said at least one plaster support panel;

[0018] - said at least one coating support panel is chosen from the panels of galvanized welded mesh, possibly with perforated cardboard screen, or ribbed expanded metal panels;

[0019] - the step of laying said at least one coating support panel comprises a fixing said at least one plaster support panel on the frame by means of screws (for example self-drilling screws) and / or staples;

[0020] - said coating is chosen from plasters, hydraulic coatings or coatings plasters / lime called MPC (for plaster and lime mortar), possibly covered with stucco;

[0021] - the manufacturing operation is implemented so as to pose at least two plaster support panels, at a distance and facing each other, advantageously with suitable covering, to form a distribution partition, or at least one plaster support panel facing a wall, to form an interior facing of said wall, or at least one plaster support panel facing a ceiling structure, participating in delimiting the volume, to define a ceiling wall.

[0022] Generally speaking, the development method also advantageously comprises an operation of manufacturing a floor covering which comprises the following steps:

[0023] - a step of preparing a screed,

[0024] - a step of spraying at least one coating or mortar onto the screed, advantageously at least two coatings or mortars on the screed,

[0025] - a finishing step, for example sanding / polishing, after drying of said less one coating or mortar, where applicable of said coatings or mortars,

[0026] - a step of applying a protective layer, for example a resin of protection or waterproofing.

[0027] According to a preferred embodiment, the projection step comprises:

[0028] - a step of positioning at least one stencil on said screed,

[0029] - a step of spraying a first coating or mortar onto the screed,

[0030] - a step of removing said at least one stencil,

[0031] - a step of spraying a second coating or mortar onto the screed, different from said first coating or mortar.

[0032] The screed advantageously comprises:

[0033] - a lower layer made of insulating concrete, or a lower layer including a concrete / insulation overlay, and

[0034] - an upper layer forming a traditional or liquid / fluid screed, namely a layer of mortar or plaster, which consists of cement, sand, water and possibly lime.

[0035] The present invention also relates to a wall for fitting out an interior space of a building, in particular a vertical wall (for example a distribution partition or an interior facing of a wall) or a ceiling wall (for example a horizontal ceiling wall or a sloping ceiling wall or a false ceiling). This wall comprises:

[0036] - a frame (advantageously designed to receive plasterboards), by example a metal frame or a wooden frame,

[0037] - a sound and / or thermal insulating material in the volume delimited by said frame,

[0038] - at least one plaster support panel, fixed to said frame,

[0039] - a coating covering said at least one coating support panel.

[0040] Of course, the various features, variants and embodiments of the invention may be combined with each other in various combinations to the extent that they are not incompatible or mutually exclusive. Detailed description of the invention

[0041] Furthermore, various other characteristics of the invention emerge from the appended description given with reference to the drawings which illustrate non-limiting forms of embodiment of the invention and where:

[0042] [Fig.l] is a schematic view, in section, of a vertical wall for fitting out an interior space of a building, in this case in the form of a distribution partition;

[0043] [Fig.2] is a schematic perspective view of a step of laying metal rails in order to form a metal frame;

[0044] [Fig.3] is a schematic perspective view of a step of laying plaster support panels on one side of the metal frame;

[0045] [Fig.4] is another schematic view, in perspective, of plaster support panels placed on one side of the metal frame;

[0046] [Fig.5] is a schematic view, in section, of plaster support panels placed on one side of said metal frame;

[0047] [Fig.6] is a schematic sectional view of plaster support panels placed on both sides of the metal frame;

[0048] [Fig.7] is a schematic view, in section, for the arrangement of an interior space of a building, comprising a vertical wall (in this case in the form of an interior facing of a wall) and a ceiling wall;

[0049] [Fig.8] is a schematic perspective view of a step of positioning stencils on a screed;

[0050] [Fig.9] is a schematic view, in perspective, of a step of removing the stencils after the step of spraying a first coating or mortar onto the screed;

[0051] [Fig. 10] is a schematic view, in perspective, of a floor covering after in particular a step of spraying a second coating or mortar onto the screed.

[0052] It should be noted that, in these figures, the structural and / or functional elements common to the different variants may have the same references.

[0053] Generally, as shown in the figures, the present invention relates to a method for fitting out an interior space of a building.

[0054] By “building” is meant in particular a house, preferably a detached house (residential building or professional building).

[0055] The interior space still corresponds to the interior built space, delimited by the walls of the building (structural work).

[0056] This development process is advantageously used for secondary work operations (development and cladding of the structure).

[0057] As illustrated in connection with Figures 1 to 7, the method according to the invention comprises at least one operation of manufacturing a wall 1.

[0058] By “wall 1”, we advantageously include a vertical wall and a ceiling wall.

[0059] By “vertical wall”, we advantageously include:

[0060] - a distribution partition ([Fig.l] in particular), advantageously serving to divide the living space, or

[0061] - an interior facing of a wall M ([Fig.7] in particular).

[0062] By “ceiling wall”, we advantageously include a ceiling and a false ceiling on a supporting structure, for example a horizontal ceiling wall ([Fig.7]) or a sloping ceiling wall or a false ceiling (not shown).

[0063] It should be noted that [Fig.7] represents a vertical wall and a ceiling wall. However, in practice, a ceiling wall according to the invention can be implemented independently of the vertical wall.

[0064] Generally speaking, the wall 1 according to the invention (vertical or ceiling) comprises:

[0065] - a frame 3 (advantageously extending between the floor and the ceiling of the space interior for a vertical wall, or underlying a ceiling structure P for a ceiling wall),

[0066] - an insulating material 4 (sound and / or thermal) in a volume V delimited by frame 3,

[0067] - at least one coating support panel 5, advantageously vertical, horizontal or inclined, fixed on the frame 3 (at least on one side), and

[0068] - a coating 6 covering said at least one coating support panel 5, applied in one or more passes and / or layers.

[0069] The framework 3 consists for example of:

[0070] - a metal frame, formed of metal rails 2, or

[0071] - a wooden frame (not shown), formed from pieces of wood.

[0072] The metal rails 2 are advantageously chosen from:

[0073] - metal rails designed to receive plasterboard, or

[0074] - the metal rails designed to receive plaster support panels 5.

[0075] These metal rails 2 are for example made of aluminum or galvanized steel.

[0076] The fixing of the metal rails 2 is carried out by nails, staples and / or expansion dowels, protected against corrosion.

[0077] The frame 3 comprises in particular side members 21, on which said at least one coating support panel 5 is fixed ([Fig.2]).

[0078] The side members 21 are advantageously sized to define the volume V.

[0079] Volume V advantageously has a thickness (horizontal for a vertical wall) ranging from 4 to 50 cm.

[0080] The volume V can correspond to the thickness of the side members 21 of the frame 3 or to the thickness defined between two juxtaposed side members 21.

[0081] As developed below, the frame 3 is advantageously fixed / distributed so as to define the shape of the wall 1, namely for example for a vertical wall 1:

[0082] - within an interior space, to define a distribution partition (figures 1 to 6), or

[0083] - opposite a wall M ([Fig.7]), to define an interior facing.

[0084] For a ceiling wall 1, the frame 3 is advantageously fixed / distributed so as to define the shape of the wall 1 within a ceiling structure P to define an interior facing.

[0085] Generally, the insulating material 4 is advantageously chosen from thermal and / or sound insulators, including from sprayable materials or panel materials, in particular for example from glass wool, cork granules, hemp, etc.

[0086] This insulating material 4 is advantageously intended to fill the volume V, over its entire height and possibly over its entire width.

[0087] Said at least one coating support panel 5, also called “metal lath”, is advantageously chosen from coating support panels conforming to standard NF DTU 26.1 Pl-2 (CGM) or conforming to standard NF EN 13658.

[0088] Such plaster support panels 5 constitute plaster supports detached from the masonry.

[0089] More preferably, said at least one coating support panel 5 is chosen from interior coating supports.

[0090] Generally, said at least one coating support panel 5 is advantageously chosen from:

[0091] - galvanized welded mesh panels, possibly with cardboard screen perforated, or

[0092] - ribbed expanded metal panels, also commonly called “lattices” ribbed metal”.

[0093] According to the embodiments, the coating support panels 5 are advantageously distributed:

[0094] - on both sides of the metal frame 3, at a distance and opposite, participating in delimit volume V, to define a distribution partition ([Fig.6]),

[0095] - on one side of the metal frame 3, opposite a plasterboard, participating in delimiting volume V, to define a distribution partition, or

[0096] - on one side of the metal frame 3, at a distance from and facing a wall M, for define the interior facing ([Fig.7]) or

[0097] - on one side of the metal frame 3, opposite a ceiling structure P, participating in delimiting volume V, to define a ceiling wall 1 ([Fig.7]).

[0098] Furthermore, the coating 6 is advantageously chosen from decorative interior coatings, sprayable by machine or sprayable manually.

[0099] More generally, the coating 6 is advantageously chosen, without being limiting, from plasters, hydraulic coatings or plaster / lime coatings called MPC (for plaster and lime mortar), possibly covered with stucco.

[0100] As developed subsequently, the coating 6 may comprise a coating body (structural and advantageously heat-insulating) and a decorative finishing layer.

[0101] According to the invention, the operation of manufacturing such a wall 1 comprises the following steps:

[0102] - a step of the framework 3 ([Fig.2]),

[0103] - starting from this framework 3, on the one hand, a step of installing at least one panel coating support 5 on said frame 3 (figures 3 to 6 in particular) and, on the other hand, a step of laying the sound and / or thermal insulating material 4 in the volume V delimited by this frame 3 ([Fig.6] in particular), and

[0104] - a step of applying the coating 6 to said at least one coating support panel 5 ([Fig.6] in particular).

[0105] The metal rails 2 are thus laid according to the desired wall (in particular distribution partition or interior facing for a vertical wall).

[0106] The step of installing said at least one coating support panel 5 advantageously comprises fixing said at least one coating support panel 5 to the frame 3 by means of screws (for example self-drilling screws) and / or staples.

[0107] The plaster support panels 5 can also be fixed together by means of staples (advantageously galvanized).

[0108] As discussed previously, the step of laying said at least one coating support panel 5 is advantageously implemented so as to lay:

[0109] - at least two plaster support panels 5, at a distance and facing each other, to form a distribution partition (see in particular [Fig.6]),

[0110] or

[0111] - at least one plaster support panel 5 facing a wall M, to form a interior facing of said wall M ([Fig.7]).

[0112] Furthermore, the step of installing the sound and / or thermal insulating material 4 can be carried out according to two variants:

[0113] - before the step of laying said at least one coating support panel 5, or

[0114] - after the step of laying said at least one coating support panel 5 (for example if there remains access to volume V, above said at least one plaster support panel 5, with a view to projecting the sound and / or thermal insulating material 4).

[0115] Then, the step of applying the coating 6 is advantageously carried out in several successive layers.

[0116] For example and without being limiting, the coating 6 is applied in at least one layer (one or two for example) to form a coating body then an additional decorative finishing layer.

[0117] The first layer is advantageously tight and such that the coating support panel 5 is completely coated. Its surface condition (scratched or combed) must promote the adhesion of the second layer.

[0118] The second layer is advantageously tightened with a ruler to adhere well to the first layer.

[0119] The coating body optionally consists of a heat-insulating coating, containing for example particles of cork, hemp, clay, etc.

[0120] Such a heat-insulating coating consists, for example, of a lightweight coating based on hydraulic lime, clay and cork, applied in one or more layers and / or in one or more passes, which may be reinforced with a glass fibre mesh.

[0121] The decorative finishing layer is for example made with a facing mortar, or a single-layer mortar, or a recipe mortar. This finishing layer is also advantageously made from a material chosen from plasters or hydraulic coatings, possibly covered with stucco.

[0122] Thus, in general, the operation of manufacturing such a wall 1 offers a technical solution which made it possible to manufacture, quickly and efficiently, a wall comprising insulation and a finish with a coating.

[0123] As illustrated by figures 8 and following, the fitting method according to the invention also advantageously comprises an operation of manufacturing a floor covering 8 by means of stencil(s) 10.

[0124] Such a floor covering manufacturing operation 8 could possibly be implemented independently of the manufacturing operation of such a wall 1 according to the invention.

[0125] Generally speaking and as illustrated by [Fig.8], the stencil 10 is advantageously in the form of a plate or roll, advantageously made from a material chosen from plastic or paper.

[0126] This stencil 10 is preferably made of flexible or semi-rigid material, the thickness of which is from 50 g / m2 to 1 kg / m2.

[0127] The stencil 10 comprises a masking portion 101, formed by the material of the stencil 10, which delimits a plurality of cutouts 102.

[0128] The different cutouts 102 are therefore separated from each other by the masking part 101.

[0129] The outline of each cutout 102 is intended to delimit the outline of the decorative elements of the floor covering 8.

[0130] These cutouts 102 may have any other shape, identical or different from each other, adapted according to the desired finish.

[0131] These cutouts 102 may for example have an appearance reminiscent of a natural shape (for example the shape of a stone) or an original shape.

[0132] Once properly placed on the screed 9, the stencil 10 or the juxtaposed stencils then define / define two distinct zones:

[0133] - so-called “exposed” areas, each corresponding to one of the cutouts 102 of the stencil 10, and

[0134] - so-called “protected” areas, located under the masking part 101 of the stencil 10.

[0135] In practice, the operation of manufacturing the floor covering 8 then advantageously comprises the following steps:

[0136] - a step of preparing a screed 9 ([Fig.8]),

[0137] - a step of positioning at least one stencil 10 on this screed 9, advantageously at least two stencils 10 juxtaposed to cover the screed 9 ([Fig.8]),

[0138] - a step of spraying a first coating or mortar 11 onto the screed 9, so to fill at least the cutouts 102 of the stencil(s) 10 and preferably so as to completely cover said at least one stencil ([Fig.9]),

[0139] - a step of removing said at least one stencil 10, after drying (at least partially) of said first coating or mortar 11 and possibly after a projection of aggregates, so as to preserve said first coating or mortar 11 in the exposed zones of the screed 9 corresponding to the cutouts 102 ([Fig.9]),

[0140] - a step of spraying a second coating or mortar 12 onto the screed 9, different of said first coating or mortar 11, so as to fill the protected areas of the screed 9 (corresponding to the masking part 101) and surrounding said first coating or mortar 11 in the exposed areas of the screed 9 ([Fig. 10]),

[0141] - a finishing step, for example sanding / polishing, after drying of said coatings or mortars 11, 12,

[0142] - a step of applying a protective layer 13, for example a resin of protection or waterproofing.

[0143] The step of spraying the second coating or mortar 12 is advantageously implemented in such a way:

[0144] - to cover the first coating or mortar 11 which will be revealed later during the finishing stage, or

[0145] - to come flush with the first coating or mortar 11.

[0146] Such an embodiment makes it possible to obtain a floor covering 8 which is composed of a combination of two different coatings or mortars, without shrinkage problems and offering optimal waterproofing.

[0147] According to an alternative embodiment, without a stencil, the operation of manufacturing the floor covering 8 advantageously comprises the following steps:

[0148] - a step of preparing a screed 9,

[0149] - a step of spraying at least one coating or mortar, advantageously a first coating or mortar 11 then a second coating or mortar 12, on the screed 9,

[0150] - a finishing step, for example sanding / polishing, after drying of said at least one coating or mortar (where applicable of said coatings or mortars 11, 12),

[0151] - a step of applying a protective layer 13, for example a resin of protection or waterproofing (advantageously water-repellent and / or fire-retardant).

[0152] Furthermore, the screed 9 advantageously comprises:

[0153] - in the case of a renovation, a lower layer made of insulating concrete, and

[0154] - a top layer forming a traditional screed or a liquid screed / fluid, namely a layer of mortar or plaster, which consists of cement, sand, water and possibly lime.

[0155] Alternatively, the screed 9 comprises:

[0156] - a hedgehog (layer of stone and concrete block on beaten earth to allow the slab to have quality support),

[0157] - a concrete slab,

[0158] - an insulating layer, and

[0159] - a top layer forming a traditional or liquid / fluid screed, namely a layer of mortar or coating, which consists of cement, sand, water and possibly lime, intended for floor covering 8.

[0160] Of course, various other modifications may be made to the invention within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

Claims

1. Method for fitting out an interior space of a building, which method comprises an operation of manufacturing a wall (1), for example from a distribution partition, an interior facing of a wall, a ceiling or a false ceiling, which manufacturing operation comprises the following steps: - a step of installing a framework (3) consisting of a metal framework formed of metal rails (2), - starting from said framework (3), on the one hand, a step of installing at least one plaster support panel (5) on said framework (3) and, on the other hand, a step of installing a sound and / or thermal insulating material (4) in the volume (V) delimited by said framework (3), which insulating material (4) is chosen from sprayable materials, which at least one plaster support panel (5) is chosen from galvanized welded mesh panels, possibly with perforated cardboard screen, or ribbed expanded metal panels,and which step of laying said at least one plaster support panel (5) comprises fixing said at least one plaster support panel (5) to the frame (3) by means of screws and / or staples, and which step of laying the sound and / or thermal insulating material (4) is carried out after the step of laying said at least one plaster support panel (5), - a step of applying a coating (6) to said at least one plaster support panel (5).,

2. Method for fitting out an interior space of a building, according to claim 1, characterized in that said coating (6) is chosen from plasters, hydraulic coatings or plaster / lime coatings, possibly covered with stucco.

3. Method for fitting out an interior space of a building, according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the manufacturing operation is carried out so as to lay: - at least two plaster support panels (5), at a distance and facing each other, to form a distribution partition, or - at least one plaster support panel (5) facing a wall (M), to form an interior facing of said wall, or - at least one plaster support panel (5) opposite a ceiling structure (P), participating in delimiting the volume (V), to define a ceiling wall (1).

4. Method for fitting out an interior space of a building, according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said method further comprises an operation of manufacturing a floor covering (8) which comprises the following steps: - a step of preparing a screed (9), - a step of spraying at least two coatings or mortars (11, 12) onto the screed (9), - a finishing step, for example sanding / polishing, after drying of said coatings or mortars (11, 12), - a step of applying a protective layer (13), for example a protective or waterproofing resin.

5. Method for fitting out an interior space of a building, according to claim 4, characterized in that the projection step comprises: - a step of positioning at least one stencil (10) on said screed (9), - a step of projection of said first coating or mortar (11) on the screed (9), - a step of removal of said at least one stencil (10), - a step of projection of a second coating or mortar (12) on the screed (9), different from said first coating or mortar (11).

6. Method for fitting out an interior space of a building, according to any one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the screed (9) comprises: - a lower layer made of insulating concrete, or a lower layer comprising a concrete / insulating superposition, and - an upper layer forming a traditional or liquid / fluid screed (9), namely a layer of mortar or coating, which is composed of cement, sand, water and possibly lime.

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