BASE, PARTICULARLY FOR SMOKE OUTLETS

Abstract

A roof opening structure support base comprising a mounting surface (11', 11'') and a peripheral wall (12', 12'') defining an opening (10), the peripheral wall (12', 12'') extending in a plane substantially perpendicular to the mounting surface (11', 11''), characterized in that it is made of several parts (4A, 4B, 5). Figure to be published with the abbreviation: Fig. 3

Description

Title of the invention: BASE, IN PARTICULAR FOR SMOKE EXTRACTOR

[0001] The invention relates to a base for supporting a roof opening structure, in particular a base for a smoke outlet.

[0002] The invention will be more particularly described with regard to a base for a smoke outlet without however being limited thereto. The base can be used for skylights of light wells for example. Generally speaking, the base is intended to surround any roof opening and serve as a support in various uses for a structure closing the roof opening, the structure being openable depending on the uses. In the remainder of the description, the term "roof opening" means a roof opening which is closed by an attached structure, the structure being able to be closed in a fixed or openable manner.

[0003] The arrangement of a smoke vent on the roof of a building consists of making an opening in the roof covering, placing a base there which forms a frame delimiting the perimeter of the roof opening, and fixing the frame or frame of the vent to the base.

[0004] The base allows adaptation to the type of roof covering, the covering being able in particular to be flat or profiled, for example of the corrugated type (for corrugated sheet or fiber cement roofs) or of the trapezoidal profile type (for steel tray roofs). The base thus comprises an application surface intended to be in a horizontal plane and having a surface whose profile is adapted to that of the roof covering, and an internal peripheral wall which delimits the smoke exhaust opening for the outlet. The peripheral wall rises in a plane perpendicular to the application surface to receive the fixed frame of the outlet as a support.

[0005] The bases are commonly made from plastic, such as fiberglass-reinforced polyester. Manufacture by molding plastic makes it easy to offer different seating surface profiles. However, the vents have different dimensions which are linked to their smoke extraction capacity depending in particular on the volume of the building, the type of building, and the activity for which the building is used. Manufacturers generally offer at least five models of standard dimensions. It is therefore necessary to provide a mold per type of roof and per vent dimension, which is ultimately relatively expensive. In addition, the manufacturing process requires, after molding, the addition of fiberglass fabric on the polyester molded part. However, this step of the process is still handcrafted. The layers of fiberglass fabric are laid and glued manually, requiring installation and drying times that do not contribute to reducing manufacturing costs or increasing the production yield of the bases.

[0006] Furthermore, these bases with different surface profiles and different dimensions, even if they can be stored stacked, take up a significant amount of surface space for their storage and transport. In addition, their handling, particularly for large parts, remains tedious.

[0007] The invention therefore aims to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks by proposing a roof opening structure support base, in particular a smoke outlet base, which is compact before installation and can be easily handled, while meeting the various dimensional requirements of the market, and is of simplified and less expensive manufacture.

[0008] According to the invention, the roof opening structure support base, in particular a smoke outlet support base or a roof opening frame support base, comprises an application surface and a peripheral wall (at the edge of the application surface) which delimits an opening (corresponding substantially to the roof opening) and forms a frame, the peripheral wall extending in a plane substantially perpendicular to the application surface, the base being characterized in that it is in several parts.

[0009] Thus, unlike the state of the art, the base is not a single piece. In several pieces (or parts), it can be stored while reducing the storage area; in particular, the volume required for transport is reduced by ten. In addition, the base is less bulky and less heavy, and can be handled easily by a single person who will handle each part independently. Installation on a roof is also simplified due to the reduced size of the parts to be handled. Stacking of the parts is also made easier.

[0010] In addition, the multi-part design provides parts with much smaller dimensions than those of a single-piece base, which allows the plastic parts to be manufactured using a thermoforming manufacturing process, making the manufacturing process completely industrial. The molds for thermoforming also have a lifespan of several thousand parts, compared to around one hundred for the molds of single-piece bases made of fiber-reinforced polyester. This significantly reduces manufacturing costs and increases production efficiency.

[0011] According to one characteristic, the base is modular, in particular the base is modular according to its largest dimension (according to its length). Indeed, by being in several pieces, it is possible to adapt to all dimensions of base, either via parts whose length can vary, which causes a variation at least in the length of the base, or via parts whose appropriate arrangement in relation to the other parts of the base allows the dimensions of the base to vary.

[0012] According to one feature, the base comprises end pieces corresponding to the terminations of the base and connecting pieces having the function of connecting the end pieces and the function of extension. Consequently, it is no longer necessary to manufacture a base by type of dimensions, but to manufacture a series of so-called end pieces which correspond to the geometry of the terminations of the base and to the desired dimensions (in particular as regards the width of the base), and so-called connecting pieces which constitute extensions to adapt (in particular increase) the dimension of the base in one direction (in particular its length). For the same base width, the invention makes it possible to obtain several base lengths. In addition, the base of the invention makes it possible to adapt to roof openings which are not necessarily standard, in particular in renovation, the extensions will be brought to the desired dimensions.

[0013] Preferably, the two end pieces are identical.

[0014] Preferably, the two end pieces each have a general U-shape in top view.

[0015] Preferably, the two connecting pieces are identical.

[0016] Preferably, each of the connecting pieces has a linear shape in top view.

[0017] In an exemplary embodiment, the base comprises two end pieces of the same shape and the same dimensions, and two identical connecting pieces which are assembled to the two end pieces and connect the two end pieces, in particular the two end pieces have a general U shape in top view while the connecting pieces have a linear shape and each connect the two wings of the respective U-shapes of the end pieces.

[0018] In particular, the opening of the base has a general shape of a square or rectangle, each of the end pieces having a general U shape forming two opposite sides and a part of the other two opposite sides, while each of the connecting pieces connecting the two end pieces forms the remaining part of said other two opposite sides.

[0019] According to another characteristic, each part comprises an application surface and a peripheral wall, which provide, by assembling the parts, respectively the entire application surface of the base and the entire peripheral wall.

[0020] According to another characteristic, each part comprises an application surface which has a profile adapted to match the profile of a roof covering for which the base is intended.

[0021] Preferably, the end pieces between them (when there are no connecting pieces) or the connecting pieces assembled to the end pieces, are assembled by overlapping and in particular by mutual cooperation. The end pieces or the connecting pieces are assembled by overlapping adjacent pieces, in particular each of the end and connecting pieces has, in particular at the level of their application surface, male shapes on one face and negative female shapes on the opposite face, said female shapes of the piece overlapping the adjacent pieces being capable of matching the male shapes of the adjacent pieces.

[0022] Preferably, each end and connecting piece comprises a peripheral wall which has on one face male shapes and female shapes with their negative on the opposite face, the male and female shapes of one piece cooperating by mutual engagement with respectively the female and male shapes of an adjacent piece in the overlapping zones of one piece on the adjacent piece. The male and female shapes and their cooperation for the application of one end piece to another end piece, or of a connecting piece to two opposite end pieces, provides an intimate mechanical assembly without the need to add mechanical fixing means. In addition, the male and female shapes are preferably in an alternating pattern and arranged at least on the upper part of the peripheral wall of the end and connecting pieces, which increases the rigidity of the pieces.

[0023] Advantageously, at least one part, in particular at least the one intended to be upstream of the slope of a covering for which the base is intended, comprises a peripheral wall which has a sloped face in the direction of the associated application surface.

[0024] Preferably, each of the parts of the base is manufactured by thermoforming.

[0025] Preferably, each of the parts is made of plastic, possibly of composite plastic material. Preferably, each of the parts is made of ultraviolet-resistant plastic material, in particular is made of ABS-PMMA (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene-polymethyl methacrylate).

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, each of the connecting pieces is produced according to a single dimension which corresponds to an extension for a base model known as the largest dimension, said connecting piece being intended to be cut if necessary (in particular on site) to constitute an extension of smaller length associated with a base model of smaller length. A single connecting piece allows, by cutting it to the desired length, to adapt to the desired length of the base, and therefore allows adaptation to several base models. The manufacturing method is further simplified.

[0027] The invention also relates to a base of the invention which is used in particular for fixing a smoke vent or a skylight to a roof opening.

[0028] In the remainder of the description, the term “external” is understood to describe a surface which faces the external environment, and on the contrary the term “internal” describes a surface intended to face the roof covering or directly in contact with another surface. The term “internal” relating to an element of the base is understood to be facing the opening of the base, whereas “external” is understood to be facing in a direction opposite to the opening of the base.

[0029] Characteristics and other advantages of the invention will appear on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of non-limiting example, and made with reference to the appended drawings and in which

[0030] The present invention is now described using examples which are solely illustrative and in no way limitative of the scope of the invention, and from the attached illustrations, in which: - [Fig.l] or [Fig.l] represents a sectional view of a base according to an exemplary embodiment according to the invention, installed on a sloping roof covering and serving as a support structure for a smoke outlet, one of the sides is a section at the level of one of the end pieces, while the other side is a section at the level of one of the connecting pieces. - [Fig.2] or [Fig.2] represents a perspective view of another example of production of a base according to the invention installed on a corrugated roof. - [Fig.3] or [Fig.3] is an exploded perspective view of [Fig.2]. - [Fig.4] or [Fig.4] illustrates a top view of another example of production of a base according to the invention installed on a profiled cover of the steel tray type with trapezoidal shapes also visible in sectional view in [Fig. 10]. The base is square in shape from only two end pieces without a connecting piece. - [Fig.5] or [Fig.5] corresponds to a base similar to [Fig.4] but of largest dimension in length, and including connecting pieces serving as extensions. - [Fig.6] or [Fig.6] corresponds to [Fig.5] with an even larger base large dimension in length. - [Fig.7] or [Fig.7] is a perspective view of an end piece of the base of figures 4 to 6. - [Fig.8] or [Fig.8] is a perspective view of a connecting piece forming extension(s) for the base of figures 5 and 6. - [Fig.9] or [Fig.9] is a cross-sectional view of the connecting piece of [Fig.8] in the assembled position. - [Fig. 10] or [Fig. 10] is a partial side view and partially in section of the base installed on the cover.

[0031] The base 1 of the invention illustrated in the figures is intended to be used as a support structure for mounting a smoke outlet 2 and adapting it to the covering 3 of a roof.

[0032] In the mounted position of the base 1, as shown in Figures 1 to 6, the base 1 has a general frame shape which delimits an opening 10 intended to be opposite a hole or passage 30 made in the covering 3 of the roof. The base 1 is designed so that its lower zone is applied and fits the covering 3 of the roof, all around the passage 30, and that its upper zone can carry the frame 20 of the outlet 2 ([Fig.l]).

[0033] According to the invention, the base 1 is in several pieces. It is not monolithic. All of the pieces are arranged in the same plane, that of the covering 3 of the roof. The base 1 comprises at least two pieces 4A and 4B called end pieces which are, depending on the size of the opening 10 of the base, abutted against each other, or spaced apart and connected by at least two connecting pieces 5 facing each other and forming or completing each of the large sides of the opening 10.

[0034] The end pieces 4A and 4B and the connecting pieces 5 when the latter are present are designed to constitute the base 1 and the closed perimeter of the opening 10 of the base. The number of pieces depends on the geometry to be given to the base. The base 1 most often has a square shape ([Fig.4]) or a rectangular shape (Figures 3, 5 and 6). Of course, the base of the invention designed in several pieces could be applied to other geometries such as other polygonal shapes (triangular or others), or circular shapes.

[0035] The design of the base in a plurality of parts gives it a modular function in terms of the dimension of its perimeter. This design also makes it possible to save space when the base is not in use, and to handle the base more easily before installation.

[0036] In the illustrated geometry examples, the base comprises at least two end pieces 4A and 4B, and possibly at least two connecting pieces 5.

[0037] Each part of the base, end part 4A, 4B and connecting part 5, comprises a respective application surface 11', 11” and a respective peripheral wall 12', 12” which rises from the respective so-called inner edge 13', 13” of the application surface 11', 11”. The peripheral wall 12', 12” of each part delimits the periphery of the opening 10 of the base.

[0038] The application surface 11', 11” is intended to be placed on and against the roof covering 3. It has a profile which is adapted to the profile of the roof covering 3. In [Fig.l], an application surface 11', 11” is illustrated which is flat. In [Fig.2] and [Fig. 3], the application surface 11', 11” has a corrugated profile to match the corrugated profile of a cover 3. The application surface 11', 11” of figures 5 and 6 has a profile with trapezoidal projecting shapes to match a cover 3 of the steel tray type, the profile of which is also visible in [Fig. 10].

[0039] The peripheral wall 12', 12” of each part is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the respective application surface 11', 11”.

[0040] The end pieces 4A and 4B preferably have a general U-shape when viewed from above. Each end piece comprises a core 40 and two parallel and facing wings 41 and 42.

[0041] To simplify manufacturing, each end piece 4A, 4B is identical.

[0042] For the square shape ([Fig.3]), only two end pieces 4A and 4B are used and have an identical shape.

[0043] Thus, two U-shaped end pieces 4A and 4B can form, when they are joined at the terminations 41' and 42' of their respective wings 41 and 42, a base 1 with a square opening 10. It is also possible to produce a rectangular opening 10 of smaller dimensions than the square opening, by overlapping the wings 41 and 42 of one U against the other wings 41 and 42 of the other U so as to reduce the separation distance of the two facing cores 40.

[0044] For the rectangular shape of Figures 4 to 6 (such that the length is greater than the side of the square of [Fig.3]), four pieces are used, two end pieces 4A and 4B arranged spaced apart and facing each other, and two opposite connecting pieces 5, spaced apart by the width of one end piece, and connecting the end pieces 4A and 4B.

[0045] To configure a base whose opening 10 is rectangular from the end pieces 4A and 4B which in the illustrated embodiments have a preferred U shape, the connecting pieces 5 have a linear shape in top view.

[0046] In the abutted and therefore assembled position of the end pieces 4A and 4B and the connecting pieces 5, according to the preferred embodiment, the application surface 11” and the edge wall 12” of the connecting pieces cover (by each of the ends of a connecting piece) a part of the application surface 11' and the peripheral wall 12' of the end pieces 4A and 4B.

[0047] Each of the end pieces 4A and 4B and the connecting pieces 5 are in one piece ([Fig.7] and [Fig.8]). For each of the pieces, the peripheral wall 12', 12” perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the application surface 11', 11” is in one piece with the application surface 11', 11”.

[0048] The end pieces 4A, 4B and the connecting pieces 5 are manufactured by molding, preferably by thermoforming. Thermoforming is very well suited to the manufacture of the plurality of parts which are much less bulky than a single-piece base, and allows industrial production, quickly and in large quantities.

[0049] The end pieces 4A, 4B and the connecting pieces 5 are for example made of ABS-PMMA.

[0050] The connecting pieces 5 are manufactured according to different lengths (and according to the shape of the application surface). They have the function of extension. Depending on the desired dimensions of the base 1 (as a function of the rectangular dimensions of the opening 10), the end pieces 4A and 4B are always the same, while the connecting pieces 5 and if necessary their number, are selected according to their length to modulate (adapt) the desired length of the opening 10. For example, the connecting piece 5 shown in [Fig.8] (used as an extension for the base of [Fig.5]) has (in addition to the shape of the application surface) a longer length than that of [Fig.3]. In [Fig.6], the length of the base is even greater than that of [Fig.5], and for each of the long sides of the base, two connecting pieces 5, each identical to that of [Fig.5], are used.

[0051] Consequently, it is no longer necessary to manufacture a single-piece base per opening width and length, but only a plurality of connecting pieces 5 of different lengths. Preferably, connecting pieces 5 of a single dimension will instead be manufactured which will correspond to the largest extension (and therefore to the greatest length of a base), and the connecting pieces 5 will be cut (in particular on site) to the desired dimension to adapt to the desired length of the base. From the end pieces 4A and 4B, the installer produces bases with a square or rectangular opening 10 of smaller dimension, and the connecting pieces 5 constitute extensions to increase the opening 10 of the base according to its length.

[0052] Preferably, when two end pieces 4A and 4B and connecting pieces 5 are assembled to form the base 1, they are assembled by overlapping their application surface 11', 11” and their peripheral wall 12', 12”, as shown diagrammatically in Figures 3 to 6 at the level of the dotted circles. For a square shape, one of the end pieces 4B overlaps the other end piece 4A by the termination 41' and 42' of its wings 41 and 42. For a rectangular shape, the connecting pieces 5 have their two distal ends 50 and 51 which cover the terminations 41' and 42' of the wings of the two respective adjacent end pieces 4A and 4B.

[0053] For the even greater length of [Fig. 6], a single extension of the appropriate length (preferred embodiment) or two connecting pieces 5 of shorter length and butted together while overlapping are produced for each long side. Each connecting piece 5 associated with an end piece overlaps a part (at least the termination) of a wing of an end piece 4A, 4B.

[0054] The overlap makes it possible in particular to provide for the same connecting piece 5, different base opening lengths. Depending on the overlap length, the connecting piece 5 provides a greater or lesser extension.

[0055] The application surface 11', 11” of each end piece 4A, 4B and connection 5 shows the profile of the cover 3 for which each of the parts is intended. The profile of the application surface 11', 11” can be flat ([Fig. 1]) or profiled (figures 2 to 10). When the application surface 11', 11” is profiled with male shapes, 14' for the end pieces 4A, 4B, and 14” for the connecting pieces 5, projecting from the external face (face intended to be facing the external environment and opposite the cover 3), the internal face then has, opposite the male shapes 14', 14”, respective female shapes 15' and 15” in negative. As visible in [Fig. 10], the assembly of the end pieces 4A, 4B and the connecting pieces 5 by overlapping is such that the male and female shapes cooperate by mutual interlocking. The female shapes 15” of a connecting piece 5 fit by contact direct the 14' male shapes of the end pieces.

[0056] The peripheral wall 12', 12” of each of the end pieces 4A, 4B and connecting piece 5 may have a flat surface as illustrated in Figures 1 to 3, or may be profiled as illustrated in Figures 4 to 10.

[0057] In the preferred embodiment, the peripheral wall 12', 12” of each of the end pieces 4A, 4B and connecting piece 5 is profiled. The peripheral wall 12', 12” of each of the end pieces 4A, 4B and connecting piece 5 comprises an alternation of male 16', 16” and female 17', 17” shapes on one of the faces and their negative on the opposite face (not necessarily over its entire height, in particular in the upper part of the pieces, and in particular for the connecting piece 5), the peripheral wall 12', 12” of one piece allows assembly by overlapping and by mutual interlocking in the male and female shapes of the peripheral wall 12', 12” of an adjacent piece. As visible in the detail view of [Fig.9], the negative of the male shapes 16” of the connecting piece 5 which covers the end pieces 4A, 4B, fits and matches the male shape 16' of the end pieces 4A, 4B.Similarly, the female shapes 17” of the connecting pieces 5 are by their negative nested in the female shapes 17' of the end pieces 4A, 4B. For [Fig.4] where there are no connecting pieces 5, only the two end pieces 4A and 4B are assembled; at a minimum, the last end shape, here a female end shape 17' of one of the pieces cooperates with (is housed in) the female shape 17' of the other end piece. This assembly by overlapping and mutual nesting according to the vertical peripheral wall 12', 12” has several advantages: it ensures direct mechanical assembly, better fixing and better sealing, and the rigidity of the base is improved without requiring a constituent plastic material. reinforced such as with reinforcing fibers (in particular providing parts that are less expensive to manufacture).

[0058] Furthermore, to facilitate the runoff of rainwater, the peripheral wall 12', 12” of a part, in particular the peripheral wall 12” of a connecting part 5 ([Fig.9]) may have on its external face an inclined face 18 in the direction of the application surface 11', 11”. Preferably, at least the connecting part 5 comprises (on its external face) a peripheral wall 12” with an inclined face 18 in the direction of the application surface 11”. In the mounted position of the base 1 on the covering 3 of a roof, the connecting parts 5 are arranged perpendicular to the slope of the roof; at least the part upstream of the slope has its external face with an inclined face.

[0059] The installation of a base 1 according to the invention is carried out in the following manner: once the hole 30 has been made in the covering 3 of the roof and the upstream part of the covering 3 has been dismantled (during a renovation) or not yet installed during a construction, the installer first installs the end pieces 4A and 4B which delimit the terminations of the base 1 and partially frame the hole 30 of the covering 3, then he installs the connecting pieces 5 which each overlap by their two distal ends 50 and 51 the wings 41 and 42 of the two end pieces 4A and 4B on each side of each of said connecting pieces. The assembled base 1 then overlaps the downstream part of the application surface 11', 11”, with the downstream part of the roof covering 3. Finally, the installer attaches the upstream part of the roof covering 3 to the application surface 11', 11” upstream of the base 1.

[0060] Preferably, sealing means 6 are arranged at the interface between the connecting pieces 5 and the end pieces 4A and 4B under the application surface 11” of the connecting pieces; this is for example a sealing glue or a compression seal such as EPDM (ethylene-propylene-diene monomer) having a double-sided adhesive. Also sealing means can be provided at the interface of the base 1 and the cover 3, that is to say under the application surface 11’ of the end pieces 4A and 4B.

[0061] Consequently, the base 1 of the invention consisting of several independent parts assembled together, preferably by overlapping, makes it possible, with two end parts 4A and 4B and two connecting parts 5 of suitable length, to offer a very wide variety of base dimensions.

[0062] For example, for the same base width, there may be five different lengths corresponding to five distinct base models. The invention then uses a single mold for the end pieces regardless of the final length of the base (for the five models), and preferably a single mold to manufacture connecting pieces of the length of the largest of the extensions to constitute the largest base (largest model). For the bases of shorter lengths (other base models), the molded connecting pieces will be cut to the desired extension length depending on the base model. The invention thus makes it possible to industrialize manufacturing, greatly reduce production costs, and adapt on site to the size of the base.

[0063] Without departing from the scope of the invention, the different parts of the base could comprise corner parts and connecting parts, the connecting parts forming extensions both in length and in width.

Claims

Claims

1. Roof opening structure support base comprising a surface of application (11', 11”) and a peripheral wall (12', 12”) delimiting an opening (10), the peripheral wall (12', 12”) extending in a plane substantially perpendicular to the surface of application (11', 11”), the base being in several parts (4A, 4B, 5) and comprising end parts (4A, 4B) corresponding to the terminations of the base (1) and connecting parts (5) which have a linear shape and have the function of connecting the end parts (4A, 4B) as well as the function of extension, characterized in that the base comprises two end parts (4A, 4B) which have a general U shape in top view, the connecting parts (5) connecting each of the two wings of the respective U-shaped parts of the end parts and in that the parts end pieces (4A, 4B) or the connecting pieces (5) are assembled by overlapping adjacent pieces.

2. Base according to claim 1, characterized in that it is modular according to its largest dimension.

3. Base according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises two end pieces (4A, 4B) of the same shape and the same dimensions, and two identical connecting pieces (5) which are assembled to the two end pieces and connect the two end pieces (4A, 4B), in particular the two end pieces have a general U shape in top view while the connecting pieces have a linear shape and each connect the two wings of the respective U-shapes of the end pieces.

4. Base according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each part (4A, 4B; 5) comprises an application surface (11'; 11”) which has a profile adapted to match the profile of a roof covering (3) for which the base is intended.

5. Base according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the end and connecting pieces (4A, 4B, 5) has, in particular at their application surface (11', 11”), male shapes (14', 14”) on one face and negative female shapes (15', 15”) on the opposite face, said female shapes of the piece overlapping the pieces adjacent being able to match the said male shapes of the adjacent parts.

6. Base according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that each end and connecting part (4A, 4B; 5) comprises a peripheral wall (12'; 12”) which has on one face male shapes (16'; 16”) and female shapes (17'; 17”) with their negative on the opposite face, the male and female shapes of one part cooperating by mutual engagement with respectively the female and male shapes of an adjacent part in the overlapping zones of one part on the adjacent part.

7. Base according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one part (5), in particular at least the one intended to be upstream of the slope of a covering for which the base is intended, comprises a peripheral wall (12”) which has an inclined face (18) in the direction of the associated application surface (11”).

8. Base according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the parts is made from ultraviolet-resistant plastic material and is preferably manufactured by thermoforming.

9. Base according to any one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that each connecting piece (5) is produced according to a single dimension which corresponds to an extension for a base model known as the largest dimension, said connecting piece being intended to be cut if necessary to constitute an extension of smaller length associated with a base model of smaller length.

10. Base according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is used to fix a smoke vent or a skylight to a roof opening.

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