Magnetic / friction mixed braking wheel for vehicles, aircraft landing gear and aircraft equipped with such a wheel

Abstract

Vehicle braked wheel (103), comprising at least a hub part (104.1) and a rim part (105.1) coaxial with the hub part (104.1) defining an annular space (108) and connected to the hub part (104.1) by a disc part (106.1), the wheel comprising: a first braking device, by friction (50), comprising at least one rotor disc and one stator disc housed in the annular space and at least one first actuator (56) attached to an actuator-carrying ring (54) fixed relative to a shaft (102) of rotation of the wheel; a second braking device, magnetic (1), comprising a rotor (3), a stator (2), at least one second actuator (7) for axially moving the stator (2) and the rotor (3) relative to each other between a braking position and a free rotation position, and a plurality of magnets (11, 12, 13, 14) arranged to emit between the rotor (3) and the stator (2) a magnetic flux capable of producing a braking force when the stator (2) is in the braking position; characterized in that the second actuator (7) is mounted on the actuator-carrying ring (54) in opposition to the first actuator (56).Lander and aircraft having such a wheel. FIGURE FROM THE ABRIDGED: Fig. 3.

Description

Title of the invention: Magnetic / friction mixed braking wheel for vehicle, aircraft landing gear and aircraft equipped with such wheel

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of braking of vehicle wheels such as aircraft wheels. The invention applies more particularly to mixed magnetic / friction braking devices, that is to say devices in which a magnetic field and mechanical friction are used simultaneously or selectively to produce a braking force.

[0002] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0003] An aircraft wheel generally comprises a rim connected by a disc to a hub mounted to rotate on a wheel support shaft (axle or spindle).

[0004] Friction braking devices are known to comprise a stack of brake discs housed in a space extending between the rim and the hub, and comprising alternating rotor discs linked in rotation with the wheel and stator discs fixed relative to the wheel support. The braking device also includes hydraulic or electromechanical actuators mounted on an actuator carrier and arranged to apply a controlled braking force to the stack of discs so as to brake the rotation of the wheel.

[0005] Eddy current magnetic braking devices (also called "Eddy current" devices) used for braking vehicle wheels, and more particularly aircraft wheels, are also known. Document WO-A-2014 / 029962 describes such a device comprising a rotor equipped with magnets and mounted on the wheel opposite an electromagnetic stator fixed relative to the landing gear leg carrying the wheel.

[0006] Generally speaking, the performance of an eddy current magnetic braking device depends on the power and dimensions of the magnets used. The braking device is therefore relatively heavy and bulky when the maximum braking power required is significant. This is the case, for example, for use on aircraft, where mass and size are critical constraints for this application.

[0007] Furthermore, since eddy current braking devices are only usable when the rotor has a certain speed relative to the stator, it seemed judicious to combine the magnetic braking device with a friction braking device to ensure braking at low speeds or when stationary. However, this combination makes the weight and size constraints even more problematic. mentioned above, particularly for use on aircraft.

[0008] SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION

[0009] The invention aims in particular to provide a vehicle wheel with hybrid braking which at least partially remedies the aforementioned disadvantages. Summary of the invention

[0010] To this end, the invention provides a braked vehicle wheel comprising at least a hub portion and a rim portion coaxial with the hub portion, defining an annular space, and connected to the hub portion by a disc portion. The wheel comprises: - a first braking device, by friction, comprising at least one rotor disc and one stator disc housed in the annular space and at least one first actuator attached to an actuator-carrying ring fixed relative to a wheel rotation shaft; - a second braking device, magnetic, comprising a rotor, a stator, at least one second actuator for axially moving the stator and the rotor relative to each other between a braking position and a free rotation position, and a plurality of magnets arranged to emit between the rotor and the stator a magnetic flux capable of producing a braking force when the stator is in the braking position;

[0011] The second actuator is mounted on the actuator-carrying ring opposite the first actuator.

[0012] Thus, the actuator-bearing ring performs a dual function, as it supports both the actuator of the friction braking device and the actuator of the magnetic braking device. This allows for a lighter hybrid braking system and a reduction in its overall size. This compact design facilitates the integration of the hybrid braking system into the wheel. Furthermore, this dual function of the actuator-bearing ring optimizes and simplifies the braking system.

[0013] According to optional features, used individually or in whole or in combination: - the stator is fixed to a moving element of the second actuator; - the actuator-carrying ring includes, opposite the annular space, at least one guide stud for the relative movement of the stator and the rotor; - the first actuator is received in a first housing formed by a tube and the guide block is formed by a tube extending the tube forming the first housing on one side of the actuator-carrying ring opposite the annular space; - the actuator-carrying ring includes, opposite the annular space, at the minus a torque transfer device between the stator and the shaft; - the guide block is arranged to form the torque-retaining element of the stator; - the actuator-carrying ring is fixed to a torsion tube carrying at least a stator disc of the friction braking device; - SO : • The tree includes an external collar, • The torsion tube has a diameter greater than the diameter of the outer flange of the shaft and has a first end provided with an inner flange fixed to the outer flange of the shaft, • The actuator-carrying ring has an internal diameter greater than the diameter of the outer flange of the shaft in order to extend around the latter and is fixed to the first end of the torsion tube.

[0014] The invention also relates to a lander equipped with such a wheel and an aircraft equipped with such a lander.

[0015] Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of particular, non-limiting embodiments of the invention. Brief description of the drawings

[0016] Reference will be made to the attached drawings, among which:

[0017] [Fig-1] [Fig.1] is a partial schematic view of an aircraft equipped of landing gear according to the invention;

[0018] [Fig.2] [Fig.2] is a partial schematic perspective view and an axial section in angular sector of one of the wheels of this aircraft, with the magnetic braking device in a braking state and the friction braking device in a braking state;

[0019] [Fig.3] [Fig.3] is a schematic view of a wheel according to the invention in axial half-section along plane III of [Fig.2], with the magnetic braking device in the braking state;

[0020] [Fig.4] [Fig.4] is a view similar to that of [Fig.3] of this wheel, with the magnetic braking device in a state of free rotation;

[0021] [Fig.5] [Fig.5] is a schematic view of a wheel according to the invention in axial half-section along plane V of [Fig.2];

[0022] [Fig.6] [Fig.6] is an end view of the braking device according to the invention;

[0023] [Fig.7] [Fig.7] is a schematic view showing a possible arrangement of magnets in a wheel according to the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0024] With reference to Figures 1 to 6, the invention is described in application to an aircraft 100 comprising landers 101. Each lander 101 has a leg having a first end articulated to a structure of the aircraft and, opposite, a second, free end, provided with two coaxial shafts 102 on each of which is mounted to pivot a wheel 103. The landers 101 are here of the retractable type but the invention is applicable to fixed landers, or even to another type of vehicle such as a land vehicle.

[0025] Each wheel 103 here comprises, in a manner known per se, two half-wheels 103.1, 103.2, each made in one piece and bolted to each other. Each half-wheel 103.1, 103.2 comprises a hub portion 104.1, 104.2 and a rim portion 105.1, 105.2 connected to the hub portion 104.1, 104.2 by a disc portion 106.1, 106.2. Each rim portion 105.1, 105.2 has an annular shape having a first annular edge integral with the disc portion 106.1, 106.2 and a second opposite annular edge provided with a rim or lip 107.1, 107.2. We speak of a half-wheel, but also commonly of a half-rim, half-spoke, or half-hub, even though these parts do not represent half of a wheel, rim, spoke, or hub. Each half-wheel, 103.1 or 103.2, is made of aluminum.

[0026] When the half-wheels 103.1, 103.2 are bolted together: - hub parts 104.1, 104.2 form a hub which can be mounted to pivot on shaft 102; - rim parts 105.1, 105.2 form a rim suitable for receiving a tire between lips 107.1, 107.2; - the parts of the sail 106.1, 106.2 are pressed against each other by the bolts and form a sail transmitting the forces between the hub and the rim.

[0027] The rim part 105.1 extends opposite the hub part 104.1: together they define an annular space 108 having an end at least partially closed by the disc part 106.1 and, on the opposite side, an end open on the side of the lip 107.1.

[0028] The wheels 103 are equipped with a braking device F comprising a friction braking device generally designated as 50 and a magnetic braking device generally designated as 1.

[0029] The friction braking device 50 comprises a torsion tube 51 which extends around the hub portion 104.1 in the annular space 108 and which has a first end fixed to a flange 102' of the shaft 102 and a second end provided with an external flange extending in the vicinity and opposite the web portion 106.1. The torsion tube 51 has a diameter greater than the diameter of the flange 102' and the first end of the torsion tube 51 is provided with an internal flange which is fixed to the flange 102' by screws 61 (visible in [Fig. 6]) having heads accessible from the side of the flange 102' opposite the annular space 108, that is to say from an external side of the wheel. Said internal collar of the torsion tube 51 is pressed against the face of the collar 102' facing the hub part 104.1.

[0030] A stack of friction discs is mounted on the torsion tube 51. The stack comprises, alternately, a rotor disc 52 rotationally linked to the rim portion 105.1 and two stator discs 53 fixed relative to the torsion tube 51 and thus to the wheel support shaft 102. The rotor disc is, for example, engaged to slide axially on massive axial ribs 109 extending radially from the rim portion 105.1 into the annular space 108. The stator discs are, for example, engaged to slide axially on axial ribs (not visible in the figures) extending radially from an external surface of the torsion tube 51 into the annular space 108.

[0031] The friction braking device 50 also includes an actuator-carrying ring 54, transverse to the shaft 102, which partially closes the annular space 108 opposite the disc portion 106.1 and which includes cylindrical housings 55 (here four in number), open on the side of the annular space 108 and blind on the opposite side. Each housing 55 is formed by a tube with a central axis parallel to the axis of rotation of the wheel and is symmetrically distributed with respect to the axis of rotation of the wheel. Each housing 55 receives an actuator 56, here hydraulic, having a piston movable about the central axis of the housing 55 to bear against the stack of discs in order to apply a controlled braking force to the stack of discs against the flange of the second end of the torsion tube 51 so as to brake the rotation of the wheel. The actuators 56 are connected to a fluid source and are controlled in a manner known in itself.The actuator-carrying ring 54 has an internal diameter slightly larger than the external diameter of the flange 102' to surround it and is fixed to the first end of the torsion tube 51 by screws 62 (visible in [Fig.6]) having heads accessible from the side of the torsion tube 51 opposite the annular space 108, i.e. from an external side of the wheel.

[0032] The magnetic braking device 1 comprises a fixed element, or stator 2, and a moving element, or rotor 3. The stator 2 and the rotor 3 are coaxial with the rim portion 105.1; the stator 2, the rotor 3, and the hub portion 104.1 therefore have collinear central axes. The stator 2 has a plurality of magnets capable of generating eddy currents in the rotor 3 when the stator 2 and the rotor 3 are separated by a small air gap and the rotor 3 pivots relative to the stator 2.

[0033] In the present embodiment, the rotor 3 is one piece with the rim part 105.1 and therefore one piece with the half-wheel 103.1. The rotor 3 and the half-wheel 103.1 are therefore made of the same material, namely aluminium.

[0034] The rotor 3 here has the shape of a crown extending in front of the lip 107.1 co- axially to it. The ring forming the rotor 3 has: - a radial face defining a first main surface 3.1 of the rotor 3, flat, which extends transversely to the central axis of the wheel 103 and which is turned in the opposite direction to the lip 107.1; - an internal perimeter defining a second main surface 3.2 of the rotor 3, cylindrical, which extends axially and defines an internal perimeter of the radial annular part of the crown;

[0035] The rotor 3 is connected to the rim part 105.1 by a connecting ring 4 which extends in the continuation of the second main surface 3.2 and the rim part 105.1 beyond the lip 107.1.

[0036] The connecting ring 4 is pierced with radial holes 5 ensuring several functions and in particular limiting the mass of the wheel 103.

[0037] The stator 2 here has the shape of a ring extending coaxially with the rotor 3 and having an internal axial rim. The stator 2 thus has an L-shaped cross-section and comprises: - a radial face provided with a first series of magnets defining a first main surface 2.1 of the stator 2, which is flat, extending transversely to the central axis of the wheel 103 and facing the rotor 3; - an outer periphery of the internal axial rim provided with a second series of magnets defining a second main surface 2.2 of the stator 2, which is cylindrical, extending axially so as to be able to engage with the second main surface 3.2 of the rotor 3.

[0038] The stator 2 is rotationally connected to the shaft 102 by a disc 6 which is translationally bound to actuator pistons 7 (here four in number), here electromechanical, received in housings 57 of the actuator-carrying ring 54. More precisely, the stator 2 is blocked in rotation relative to the shaft 102 by the contact of the disc 6 on the actuator-carrying ring 54 which is itself fixed to the shaft 102. Screws 63 control the translation of the stator 2 to the movements of the actuator pistons 7. Said screws 63 have heads accessible from the side of the disc 6 opposite the annular space 108, that is to say from an external side of the wheel. The housings 57 are open opposite the annular space 108 and blind on the side of the annular space 108. The housings 57 are each formed of a tube with a central axis parallel to the axis of rotation of the wheel and are symmetrically distributed with respect to the axis of rotation of the wheel and with respect to the housings 55.The pistons of the actuators 7 are movable along the axis of rotation of the wheel to move the stator 2 between a braking position and a free rotation position. It is understood that the pistons of the actuators 7 move in directions parallel to the directions of movement of the pistons of the actuators 56 but in opposite directions (in [Fig. 2], the pistons of the ac- . (donors 7 move out to the left while the pistons of the actuators 56 move out to the right): we say that the actuators 7 are placed in opposition to the actuators 56.

[0039] Thus, the rotor 3 rotates about its central axis in front of the stator 2, which is fixed to it: during this circumferential movement of the rotor 3, the main surfaces 3.1, 3.2 remain parallel to the main surfaces 2.1, 2.2. At the same time, the stator 2 can be moved axially between its two positions. In its braking position, the stator 2 is brought closer to the rotor 3 to the point that the second main surface 2.2 of the stator 2 is engaged in the second main surface 3.2 of the rotor 3: the main surfaces 2.1, 3.1 are separated from each other by a first predetermined air gap and the main surfaces 2.2, 3.2 are separated from each other by a second predetermined air gap. In its free rotation position, the stator 2 is separated from the rotor 3 to the point that the second main surface 2.2 of the stator 2 is clear of the second main surface 3.2 of the rotor 3: the main surfaces 2.1, 3.1 are separated from each other by a third predetermined air gap and the main surfaces 2.2, 3.2 are separated from each other by a fourth predetermined air gap.

[0040] The stator 2 is guided in translation between its braking position and its free rotation position of the wheel 103 by guide pins 8, here cylindrical in shape, each partially received in a notch 9 formed in an inner circumference of the web 6 (visible in Figures 4 and 5). Each guide pin 8 is formed by a tube that extends coaxially to one of the housings 55 on one side of the actuator-carrying ring 54 opposite said housing 55. More precisely, the tube forming each guide pin 8 extends the tube forming one of the housings 55 on the side of the actuator-carrying ring 54 opposite the annular space 108.

[0041] The arrangement of the magnets is shown in [Fig.7]. The magnets, here based on rare earths, are for example 16 in number and are fixed on the ring of the stator 2 possibly via a magnetic steel support, or even on a non-magnetic support.

[0042] The magnets in each series here comprise first magnets 11, 13 having a first magnetization vector substantially perpendicular to the main surface 2.1 and being separated in pairs by a second magnet 12, 14 having a second magnetization vector substantially perpendicular to the first magnetization vectors of the first two magnets 11, 13, between which lies the second magnet 12, 14. It should be recalled that the magnetization vector indicates the direction of the magnetic field generated by a magnet and extends in the magnet from the South pole to the North pole. More precisely, the magnets 11, 12, 13, 14 have angular sector shapes and are arranged in a Halbach pattern, alternating along the direction circumferential of the stator 2 as follows: a magnet 11, a magnet 12, a magnet 13, a magnet 14, a magnet 11, a magnet 12, a magnet 13, a magnet 14 and so on... In this case: - each magnet has its magnetization vector which exits the main face 2.1 (its North pole opens onto the main face 2.1), - each magnet 12 has its own magnetization vector which extends from the neighboring magnet 11 to the neighboring magnet 13, - each magnet 13 has its magnetization vector which enters the main face 2.1 (its South pole opens onto the main face 2.1), - each magnet 14 has its magnetization vector which extends from the neighboring magnet 11 towards the neighboring magnet 13.

[0043] It is understood that the magnets 12, 14 arranged on either side of the same magnet 11 have their magnetization vectors oriented in opposite directions. The arrangement of the magnets 11, 12, 13, 14 optimizes and concentrates the magnetic flux produced by the magnets 11, 13 by reducing the return path of the magnetic flux, which passes through the magnets 12, 14 and not through their support, the mass of which can be reduced since it does not need to perform a magnetic flux conduction function. The arrangement of the magnets 11, 12, 13, 14 is the same on the principal surfaces 2.1, 2.2.

[0044] It is understood that in order to induce braking, the actuators 7 are controlled to bring the stator 2 from the free rotation position to the braking position and that, in order to interrupt braking, the actuators 7 are controlled to return the stator 2 to the free rotation position.

[0045] In the braking position, the magnets generate eddy currents in the rotor 3 sufficient to produce a braking force on the rotor 3. The circulation of these eddy currents in the rotor 3 tends to cause the rotor 3 to heat up, especially as these currents increase in intensity. It is necessary to limit the heating of the rim portion 105.1 in the vicinity of the tire in order to limit the resulting overheating of the tire. The rotor 3, through which the eddy currents circulate, is therefore designed to have a sufficient volume to store the heat released during braking. Furthermore, the connecting ring 4 has a relatively thin cross-section (in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the wheel 103), which is smaller than that of the rotor 3, thus defining a restricted heat transfer area to the rim portion 105.1.The holes 5 further limit this passage area so that the heat from braking can only be dissipated to a very limited extent by conduction to the rim section 105.1. In addition, the holes 5 increase the surface area of ​​the connecting ring 4 exposed to the ambient air. Furthermore, the rim section 105.1 is equipped with massive axial ribs 109. and friction discs 52, 53 which act as heat sinks and limit the risk of heat transfer to the tire. Heat will therefore be dissipated from the rotor 3 by radiation, by contact with the airflow over the rotor 3 due to the movement of the wheels and the aircraft, and also by conduction to the heat sinks.

[0046] Below a certain rotational speed of the rotor 3, the braking torque is negligible regardless of the position of the stator 2: the friction braking device is then activated by energizing the actuators 56 to apply the pressing force to the stack of discs. The friction braking device is also used as a parking brake.

[0047] The braking effort exerted on the friction braking device is released by evacuating the fluid from the actuators 56.

[0048] The braking force exerted on the magnetic braking device is released by bringing the stator 2 to its free rotation position. In the free rotation position of the stator 2, the magnets do not generate sufficient eddy currents in the rotor 3 to cause the rotor 3 to brake.

[0049] It is noted that the guide pads 8 can form a torque transfer element between the stator 2 and the shaft 102 via the torsion tube 51. Preferably, the transverse clearance between the notches 9 and the guide pads 8 is less than the clearance between the actuator pistons 7 and the web 6 and / or between the actuator piston 7 and the actuator body 7, such that the actuators 7 do not experience any transverse force. The actuator-carrying ring 54 then performs multiple functions: - carrying the actuators of the magnetic braking device in addition to those of the friction braking device; - translational guidance of the stator; - torque transfer between the stator and the shaft.

[0050] It is understood that changing the friction discs is carried out in a particularly simple way by unscrewing the screws and then removing the actuator carrier ring 54, thus freeing access to the discs.

[0051] It is also understood that, since the rotor 3 is a single piece with the wheel portion 103.1, the half-wheel 103.1 acts, in whole or in part, as a heat sink, preventing heat transfer to the tire. The rotor 3 and the massive ribs 109 are relatively large: their volume is determined to give them sufficient thermal capacity to form a massive heat storage area, thus limiting the risk of heat transfer to the tire.

[0052] Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described but encompasses any variant falling within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.

[0053] In particular, the wheel may have a different structure from that described.

[0054] The friction braking device may have a different structure from that described. It may comprise a different number of stator discs (for example, one or more than two) and / or rotor discs (for example, more than two). The actuators may be electromechanical rather than hydraulic. By way of example, each electromechanical actuator comprises an electric motor and a pusher that can be moved by the electric motor to press the stack of discs. The electromechanical actuator is thus intended to produce a controlled braking force on the stack of discs. A method for controlling the braking devices is, for example, known from document FR-A-2953196.

[0055] Generally speaking, actuators can be electromechanical or hydraulic, single-acting or double-acting. For a single-acting actuator, the power supply enables the piston to move forward, and an elastic element enables the piston to return. The number of actuators may differ from that mentioned. Preferably, at least three symmetrically distributed actuators will be used for each braking device.

[0056] A rim section (serving as a support for the tire) can be attached to a part of a sail and / or a part of a sail can be attached to a part of a hub.

[0057] Instead of being made up of two half-wheels, the wheel can be a single piece, made in a foundry or by additive manufacturing.

[0058] The rotor can be brought back onto the wheel.

[0059] The magnets can be carried by the rotor instead of the stator.

[0060] The shape, arrangement, and dimensions of the magnets may differ from those described. For example, magnets 11, 12, 13, and 14 may be identical or occupy different areas by having different widths and / or lengths. The Halbach pattern arrangement is advantageous but not mandatory.

[0061] The magnetic braking device can be axial flux (the rotor and stator have only radial surfaces as their main surfaces), radial flux (the rotor and stator have only axial surfaces as their main surfaces as in Figures 4 and 5) or combine axial and radial flux (the rotor and stator have axial and radial main surfaces as in Figures 2 and 3).

[0062] The actuator-carrying ring 54 can be fixed directly onto the shaft 102. The tube torsion can be fixed on the actuator-carrying crown.

[0063] The tubular arrangement of the guide blocks 8 in the extension of the housings 55 is advantageous in several respects: - It allows for high rigidity of the guide blocks and therefore good guidance precision. - it is possible to house the supply valve of the actuator 56 in the guide block so that the guide block 8 provides mechanical protection for said valve.

[0064] However, the guide pads 8 may have another shape, such as a half-tube, a solid cylinder, a half-cylinder, have a polygonal section, or be arranged elsewhere than in the extension of the housings 55.

[0065] The number of guide pads can be less than or greater than four.

[0066] It is also possible to provide for translational guidance on the one hand (for example two cylindrical surfaces ensuring a sliding pivot connection between the actuator-carrying ring 54 and the stator) and torque transfer on the other hand (a key for example).

[0067] The stator can be attached to the actuators by means other than screws, for example by magnetic fastening, adhesive, pinning...

[0068] When at least part of the wheel and the rotor are manufactured as a single piece, for example by casting or additive manufacturing, the integration of the rotor into the wheel is improved, eliminating the need for means of attaching the rotor to the rim. This results in a simpler, more compact, and lighter structure than that of conventional braked wheels. However, the rotor can alternatively be attached to the wheel.

[0069] The aluminium used here can be replaced in whole or in part by any material having physical properties compatible with the intended application and for example by steel, copper, or magnesium.

[0070] The screws 63 can be replaced by any component capable of performing the same functions.

[0071] The invention is usable on any type of vehicle, aerial or terrestrial or amphibious.

[0072] The invention is usable for applications other than a vehicle and for example for any industrial equipment or personnel requiring braking.

Claims

Demands

1. Vehicle braked wheel (103), comprising at least a hub part (104.1) and a rim part (105.1) coaxial with the hub part (104.1) defining an annular space (108) and connected to the hub part (104.1) by a disc part (106.1), the wheel comprising: - a first braking device, by friction (50), comprising at least one rotor disc and one stator disc housed in the annular space and at least one first actuator (56) attached to an actuator-carrying ring (54) fixed relative to a shaft (102) of rotation of the wheel; - a second braking device, magnetic (1), comprising a rotor (3), a stator (2), at least one second actuator (7) for axially moving the stator (2) and the rotor (3) relative to each other between a braking position and a free rotation position, and a plurality of magnets (11, 12, 13, 14) arranged to emit between the rotor (3) and the stator (2) a magnetic flux capable of producing a braking force when the stator (2) is in the braking position; characterized in that the second actuator (7) is mounted on the actuator-carrying ring (54) in opposition to the first actuator (56).

2. Wheel according to claim 1, wherein the stator (2) is fixed to a movable element of the second actuator (7).

3. Wheel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the actuator-carrying ring (54) comprises, opposite the annular space (108), at least one guide stud (8) for the relative movement of the stator (2) and the rotor (3).

4. Wheel according to claim 3, wherein the first actuator (56) is received in a first housing (55) formed by a tube and the guide stud (8) is formed by a tube extending the tube forming the first housing (55) on one side of the actuator-carrying ring (54) opposite the annular space (108).

5. Wheel according to claim 3, wherein the actuator-carrying ring (54) comprises, opposite the annular space (108), at minus a torque transfer element between the stator (2) and the shaft (102).

6. Wheel according to claim 3, wherein the guide stud (8) is arranged to form the torque-recovery element of the stator (2).

7. Wheel according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the actuator-carrying ring (54) is fixed on a torsion tube (51) carrying at least one stator disc of the friction braking device (50).

8. Wheel according to claim 7, wherein: - the shaft (102) comprises an outer flange (102'), - the torsion tube (51) has a diameter greater than a diameter of the outer flange of the shaft (102) and has a first end provided with an inner flange fixed on the outer flange of the shaft; - the actuator-carrying ring (54) has an inner diameter greater than the diameter of the outer flange of the shaft (102) to extend around the latter and is fixed to the first end of the torsion tube (51).

9. Lander (101) comprising a leg having an end carrying a shaft (102) on which is mounted a wheel (103) according to any one of the preceding claims, the stator (2) being rotationally linked to the leg.

10. Aircraft comprising a structure on which is mounted at least one landing gear (101) according to claim 9.

Images