Assembly for locking two parts by a bayonet system, and corresponding method
The bayonet assembly addresses ergonomics issues by enabling locking and unlocking through translational movements, using a rail and groove system with a rotatable ring and locking ramp, ensuring secure and easy connection and disconnection without manual rotation.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- FR2023005909
- Authority / Receiving Office
- FR · FR
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-06-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-30
- Estimated Expiration
- 2043-06-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing bayonet assemblies are robust but have questionable ergonomics due to the need for a rotating movement to lock and unlock parts, which can be cumbersome for users.
A bayonet assembly design that allows locking and unlocking through translational movements, utilizing a rail and groove system with a rotatable ring and a locking ramp, where a pin slides on the ramp to achieve automatic angular displacement for locking, and a return system ensures the ring returns to its resting position, facilitating easy connection and disconnection.
The assembly provides robust locking with improved ergonomics by allowing easy connection and disconnection through translational movements, reducing the need for manual rotation, and ensuring secure engagement and disengagement with minimal force.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
Title of the invention: Assembly for locking two parts by means of a bayonet system, and corresponding method
[0001] The present invention relates to an assembly comprising a first part and a second part movable relative to each other between a locked configuration, in which the first part and the second part are partially nested into each other and locked onto each other, and an unlocked configuration, in which the first part and the second part are apart from each other.
[0002] The invention also relates to a corresponding locking-unlocking method.
[0003] Such an assembly is used, for example, to connect and disconnect two electrical cables.
[0004] Existing bayonet assemblies are robust, but their ergonomics are questionable. Indeed, the need to perform a rotating movement to lock the two parts is sometimes considered cumbersome by a user.
[0005] One object of the invention is therefore to provide an assembly as described above which allows a locking mechanism as robust as bayonet assemblies, while offering better ergonomics.
[0006] To this end, the invention relates to an assembly comprising a first part and a second part movable relative to each other in translation along a connection axis between a locked configuration, in which the first part and the second part are partially nested within each other and locked onto each other, and an unlocked configuration, in which the first part and the second part are separated from each other, characterized in that:
[0007] - the first part comprises one of a rail and a groove, and the second part includes the other part consisting of a rail and a groove, the rail being configured to slide axially in the groove when the first part and the second part move from the unlocked configuration to the locked configuration,
[0008] - the assembly includes a ring rotatably mounted on the first part around the connecting shaft, the ring comprising a wall extending around the connecting shaft and forming a locking ramp and a housing,
[0009] - the second part defines a surface radially inward with respect to the axis of connection, said radially inner surface defining a housing adapted to receive at least the wall of the ring in the locked configuration, the second part comprising at least one pin projecting into the housing from the radially inner surface,
[0010] - the first part comprises a return system adapted to exert a force of return the ring to its resting position, and
[0011] - the locking ramp and the housing are configured so that a movement Manual movement of the first and second parts axially relative to each other from the unlocked configuration to an intermediate configuration causes a first slip of the pin on the locking ramp, and an automatic angular displacement of the ring in a first direction relative to the first part between the rest position and an intermediate position, and so that a manual movement of the first and second parts axially relative to each other from the intermediate configuration to the locked configuration allows an automatic angular displacement of the ring relative to the first part in a second direction opposite to the first direction, from the intermediate position to a locking position under the action of the return system, the pin being received in the housing when the ring is in the locking position,The housing defines an axial stop adapted to lock the pin axially relative to the first part.
[0012] According to particular embodiments, the assembly comprises one or more of the following features, taken alone or in all technically possible combinations:
[0013] - the first part comprises at least a first electrical contact, and a first electrical insulating sleeve surrounding the first electrical contact around the connecting axis; and the second part includes at least a second electrical contact, and a second electrical insulating sleeve surrounding the second electrical contact around the connecting axis, the first electrical contact being in electrical contact with the second electrical contact in the locked configuration, and away from the second electrical contact in the unlocked configuration;
[0014] - the ring wall forms a suitable unlocking ramp so that a manual placement of the rotating ring around the connection axis in the first direction relative to the first part from the locking position dislodges the pin from the first housing and causes a second slide of the pin on the unlocking ramp, the unlocking ramp exerting an axial force on the pin to move the first part and the second part axially away from each other from the locked configuration;
[0015] - the unlocking ramp is curved, the unlocking ramp forming a angle with the connection axis decreasing as one moves away from the housing;
[0016] - the unlocking ramp includes a portion proximal to the housing, the proximal part forming an angle of less than 40°, preferably 20°, with any plane perpendicular to the axis of connection;
[0017] - the second part comprises a spring located in the housing and adapted for exert an axial force on the first part in the locked configuration, the axial force being directed from the second part to the first part;
[0018] - the wall defines a notch opening axially on the side of the second part, the locking ramp and the housing being formed by a curvilinear edge of the notch;
[0019] - the first part comprises a wall extending at least partially around the axis of connection, the wall defining a first groove or slot, oriented circumferentially around the connection axis, the ring comprising a pin adapted to move in the first groove or slot when the ring rotates relative to the first part; and
[0020] - the return system includes a second groove formed by the first part and oriented circumferentially around the connecting axis, and a return spring extending along the groove between the first part and the ring.
[0021] The invention also relates to a method for locking and unlocking a first part and a second part of an assembly, the first part and the second part being movable relative to each other in translation along a connection axis between a locked configuration, in which the first part and the second part are partially nested within each other and locked onto each other, and an unlocked configuration, in which the first part and the second part are separated from each other, the first part comprising one of a rail and a groove, and the second part comprising the other of a rail and a groove, a ring being rotatably mounted on the first part around the connection axis, the ring comprising a wall extending around the connection axis and forming a locking ramp and a housing,the second part defining a radially interior surface with respect to the connection axis, said radially interior surface delimiting a housing adapted to receive at least the wall of the ring in the locked configuration, the second part comprising at least one pin projecting into the housing from the radially interior surface, a return system exerting a return force on the ring towards a rest position of the ring with respect to the first part, the method comprising the following steps: ,
[0022] - manual displacement of the first part and the second part axially to one another compared to the other, from the unlocked configuration to an intermediate configuration,
[0023] - sliding of the rail axially in the groove while the first part and the The second part transitions from the unlocked configuration to the locked configuration.
[0024] - due to said manual movement, first slide of the pawl on the ramp of the rusting, and automatic angular displacement of the ring in a first direction relative to the first part between the rest position and an intermediate position,
[0025] - manual displacement of the first part and the second part axially to one another compared to the other intermediate configuration to the locked configuration, and
[0026] - due to said manual movement, automatic movement of the ring relative to to the first part angularly in a second direction contrary to the first direction, from the intermediate position to a locking position under the action of the return system, the pin being received in the first housing when the ring is in the locking position, the first housing defining an axial stop blocking the pin axially with respect to the first part.
[0027] The invention will be better understood upon reading the following description, given solely by way of example and made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
[0028] [Fig-1] [Fig.1] is a perspective view of an assembly according to the invention in the configuration unlocked.
[0029] [Fig.2] [Fig.2] is a perspective view, from another angle, of the first part and the ring of the assembly shown in [Fig.1],
[0030] [Fig.3] [Fig.3] is a view of the first part shown in Figures 1 and 2, omitting one body of the ring, and
[0031] [Fig.4] [Fig.4] is a cross-sectional view of the assembly shown in [Fig.1] along a radial plane passing through the connection axis of the assembly.
[0032] With reference to figures 1 to 4, an assembly 10 according to the invention is described.
[0033] As can be seen in Figures 1 and 4, the assembly 10 comprises a first part 12 and a second part 14 mobile relative to each other in translation along a connection axis D between a locked configuration, in which the first part and the second part are partly nested within each other and locked to each other, and an unlocked configuration, shown in Figures 1 and 4, in which the first part and the second part are apart from each other.
[0034] The locked configuration (not shown) is deduced from the unlocked configuration by bringing the first part 12 and the second part 14 closer together along the connection axis D.
[0035] The assembly 10 also includes a ring 16 rotatably mounted on the first part 12 around the connecting axis D, and a return system 18 (visible in Figures 3 and 4) adapted to exert a return force RI on the ring 16 towards a rest position of the ring relative to the first part 12 (shown in Figures 1 to 3).
[0036] Advantageously, the assembly 10 also includes an O-ring seal 22 ([Fig.4]) fixed to the second part 14 and adapted to ensure a seal, particularly to liquids and dust, between the first part 12 and the second part 14 in the locked configuration.
[0037] The first part 12 includes a first electrical contact 24, and a first electrically insulating sleeve 26 surrounding the first electrical contact 24 around the connection axis D.
[0038] In the example, the first part 12 comprises a plurality of electrical contacts analogous to the first electrical contact 24, which is for example of the "needle" type.
[0039] According to one embodiment, the first part 12 and the second part 14 do not contain electrical contacts. In this case, the assembly 10 only provides a mechanical connection between the first part 12 and the second part 14. The assembly 10 then serves, for example, to ensure the connection between oil, water, or gas lines such as compressed air lines.
[0040] The first electrical contact 24 is located in a housing 28 ([Fig.4]) defined by the first sleeve 26. The first electrical contact 24 extends axially.
[0041] By "insulator" we mean here an element whose electrical resistivity at 300 K is, for example, greater than or equal to 105 Qm
[0042] By "conductor" we mean here an element whose electrical resistivity at 300 K is, for example, less than or equal to 10⁻⁵ Qm
[0043] The first electrical contact 24 is adapted to be electrically connected to an electrical cable 34 ([Fig.l]) axially inside the first sleeve 26.
[0044] The first sleeve 26 is advantageously made up of several parts 26A, 26B and 26C fixed one on top of the other.
[0045] The first sleeve 26 forms a groove 40 configured to axially receive a rail 42 ([Fig.l]) of the second part 14 when the first part 12 and the second part 14 move from the unlocked configuration to the locked configuration.
[0046] In the example, the first sleeve 26 forms three grooves 40, 40A, 40B, and the second part comprises three rails 42, 42A, 42B.
[0047] In the example shown, part 26A of the first sleeve 26 defines a groove 44 ([Fig.3]) oriented circumferentially around the connection axis D and in which a pin 45 of the ring 16 moves.
[0048] The groove 40 is adapted to prevent rotation of the first part 12 relative to the second part 14 around the connection axis D when the first part 12 and the second part 14 move from the unlocked configuration to the locked configuration.
[0049] The second part 14 defines a surface 48 ([Fig.4]) radially interior with respect to the connection axis D, and includes at least one pin 46, the pin projecting from the surface 48 towards the connection axis D.
[0050] The second part 14 includes, for example, a spring 47 located in the housing 66 and adapted to exert an axial force R3 on the first part 12 in the locked configuration, the axial force being directed from the second part 14 to the first part 12.
[0051] The return system 18 includes a groove 52 formed by the first part 12 (here more precisely by the wall 26A of the first sleeve 26), and a spring 54 housed in the groove 52.
[0052] The groove 52 is oriented circumferentially around the connection axis D.
[0053] The spring 54 has a first end 56 fixed to the first part 12, and a second end 58 fixed on the ring 16, for example on a pin 45A ([Fig.3]) of the ring 16.
[0054] In the example shown, the spring 54 is adapted to work in compression and push the ring 16 back to its rest position relative to the first part 12, in which the pin 45 butts against an end 60 of the slot 44.
[0055] The second part 14 includes a second electrical contact 62 adapted to receive the first electrical contact 24 in the locked configuration, and a second insulating sleeve 64 surrounding the second electrical contact around the connection axis D.
[0056] The second electrical contact 62 is located in a housing 66 defined by the second sleeve 64 (figures 1 and 4).
[0057] The ring 16 includes a wall 80 extending around the connection axis D and defining, for example, a notch 84.
[0058] The notch 84 opens axially on the side of the second part 14. The notch 84 is delimited by a curvilinear edge 86.
[0059] By "notch", we mean a cut through radially with respect to the connection axis D.
[0060] The curvilinear edge 86 forms a locking ramp 88, a housing 90, and advantageously an unlocking ramp 92 ([Fig.2]).
[0061] According to an unrepresented variant, the notch 84 does not exist and the locking ramp 88, the housing 90, and the unlocking ramp 92 are formed by a radial recess (not shown) made in the wall 80, the recess defining the edge 86.
[0062] The locking ramp 88 is configured so that a manual translational movement (represented by arrow DI in Figures 1 and 2) of the first part 12 and the second part 14 axially relative to each other from the unlocked configuration to an intermediate configuration (not shown) causes a first slip G1 ([Fig.2]) of the pin 46 on the locking ramp 88.
[0063] The locking ramp 88 is also configured to cause an automatic movement (represented by an arrow D2 in [Fig.2]) of the ring 16 angu- slightly in a first direction relative to the first part 12 between the rest position and an intermediate position of the ring.
[0064] The intermediate configuration of the assembly 10 is deduced from the unlocked configuration shown in [Fig.1] by axially bringing the first part 12 and the second part 14 together until the pin 46 makes mechanical contact with the locking ramp 88.
[0065] The intermediate position of the ring 16 is deduced from the rest position shown in [Fig.2], the pin 46 having slid to a detachment point 89 and rotates the ring around the connection axis D.
[0066] In the example, the locking ramp 88 is oblique relative to the connection axis D up to the detachment point 89.
[0067] In the intermediate position, the angular displacement of the ring 16 with respect to the first part 12 passes through a local maximum, in the example when the pin 46 slides on the detachment point 89.
[0068] The locking ramp 88 and the housing 90 are configured so that an additional manual movement (represented by an arrow D3 on Figures 1 and 2) of the first part 12 and the second part 14 axially relative to each other from the intermediate configuration to the locked configuration allows an automatic movement (represented by an arrow D4 on [Fig.2]) of the ring 16 angularly in a second direction, contrary to the first direction, relative to the first part 12, from the intermediate position to a locking position (not shown) under the action of the return system 18.
[0069] In the locking position of the ring 16, the pin 46 is received in the housing 90 which defines an axial stop 94 adapted to block the pin 46 axially relative to the first part 12 and prevent disengagement of the assembly 10.
[0070] In the example shown, the locking position of the ring 16 is substantially identical to the rest position. In other words, the movement of the ring 16 from the rest position shown in [Fig. 2] to the intermediate position corresponds to an angular displacement in the direction D2, while the movement of the ring 16 from the intermediate position to the locking position corresponds to an inverse angular displacement in the direction D4 with respect to the first part 12.
[0071] The release ramp 92 is configured so that a manual movement (represented by an arrow D5 in [Fig. 2]) of the ring 16 rotating about the connecting axis D relative to the first part 12 in the first direction, from the locking position, dislodges the pin 46 from the housing 90, and causes a second slip G2 of the pin 46 on the release ramp 92, the release ramp 92 reacting axially (force R2 shown in [Fig. 2]) to move the first part 12 and the second part 14 axially away from each other from the Configuration locked.
[0072] The unlocking ramp 92 is curved, and forms an angle a ([Fig.l]) with the connecting axis D, which decreases as one moves away from the housing 90.
[0073] The shape and slope of the locking ramp 88 are adapted to limit the longitudinal connection force along the axis D, and to allow the compression of the spring 52 by the rotation of the ring 16.
[0074] Housing 90 ensures good locking of the assembly and good resistance to vibration with a low connection force.
[0075] The shape of the unlocking ramp 92 allows the rotational movement of the ring 16 around the axis D to be converted into a translational movement of the first part 12 relative to the second part 14 along the connection axis D, while maintaining a radial force on the ring 16 equivalent to the compression force of the spring 52 along its longitudinal axis during the disconnection movement.
[0076] In the example, the locking ramp 88 and the unlocking ramp 92 diverge from each other along the connection axis D to the second part 14.
[0077] The unlocking ramp 92 advantageously includes a proximal part 98 relative to the housing 90, the proximal part 98 forming an angle [3 less than 40°, preferably 20° with any plane P perpendicular to the connection axis D.
[0078] In other words, the unlocking ramp 92 has a proximal part 98 that is very inclined with respect to the connection axis D, and therefore very little inclined with respect to any plane P perpendicular to the connection axis D, so that the reaction R2 of the unlocking ramp 92 on the pin 46 is very strong at the beginning of the second slide G2. Then the unlocking ramp 92 gradually curves.
[0079] For example, the proximal part 98 of the unlocking ramp 92 is configured so that a 10° rotation of the ring 16 relative to the first part 12 induces an axial displacement of less than 3 mm of the first part relative to the second part.
[0080] The ring 16 is for example configured so that it can be rotated at least 20°, preferably at least 30°, relative to the first part 12, in order to achieve the disconnection.
[0081] Advantageously, the unlocking ramp 92 and the locking ramp 88 overlap axially by more than 6 mm.
[0082] The operation of assembly 10 can be deduced from its structure and will now be briefly described.
[0083] Initially, the first part 12 and the second part 14 are, for example, in the unlocked configuration shown in Figures 1 and 2. The first electrical contact 24 and the second electrical contact 62 are disconnected from each other.
[0084] Then, in a connection phase of set 10, the user (not shown) moves the first part 12 and the second part 14 of the unlocked configuration progressively towards the locked configuration, passing through the intermediate configuration.
[0085] The rail 42 slides in the groove 40, which guides the translational movement of the first part 12 and the second part 14 relative to each other along the connection axis D and prevents a rotation of the first part 12 relative to the second part 14 around the connection axis D.
[0086] The pin 46 comes into contact with the locking ramp 88 and performs the first slide G1 on the locking ramp. The locking ramp 88 reacts on the pin 46 and causes the ring 16 to move automatically D2 from its rest position relative to the first part 12 to its intermediate position. During the first slide G1, the spring 54 of the return system 18 is compressed.
[0087] The transition to the locked configuration continues by the manual movement D3 of the first part 12 in axial translation relative to the second part 14. This causes the automatic movement D4 of the ring 16 in the second direction relative to the first part 12, from the intermediate position to the locking position, under the action of the return system 18.
[0088] The pin 46 is then received in the housing 90. The pin 46 locks the first part 12 with respect to the second part 14, because the pin 46 butts against the axial stop 94.
[0089] During the first slide Gl, the first contact 24 comes into contact with or against the second electrical contact 62 and an electrical contact is established.
[0090] During a disconnection phase of the assembly 10, the user performs the manual movement D5 ([Fig.2]) of the ring 16 in rotation relative to the first part 12 around the connection axis D. The first part 12 is blocked in rotation relative to the second part 14 by the rail 42 located in the groove 40. This dislodges the pin 46 from the housing 90 and causes the second slide G2 of the pin 46 on the unlocking ramp 92.
[0091] The unlocking ramp 92 reacts axially on the pin 46 by applying the force R2 to it. This moves the first part 12 away from the second part 14 axially from the locked configuration.
[0092] The spring 47 exerts the axial force R3 on the first part 12, which helps the transition from the locked configuration to the unlocked configuration.
[0093] Due to the curvature of the unlocking ramp 92, the disengagement force applied to the first part 12 is initially very strong and is reduced as the second slide G2 progresses.
[0094] At the beginning of the disengagement movement, the pin 46 travels along the proximal part 98 of the unlocking ramp 92. The reaction applied to the second part 14 is then very strong. The pawn 46 then continues its movement along the rest of the unlocking ramp 92.
[0095] In the example, the rotational movement of the ring 16 continues until the pin 45 abuts against the end 60 of the slot 44. The compression of the spring 52 by the pin 45A is then at its maximum. The user can then release the ring 16. Under the action of the return mechanism 18, the ring 16 rotates towards its rest position (arrow D4) until the pin 46 abuts against the locking ramp 88, on the side opposite the housing 90 axially with respect to the release point 89.
[0096] The user can then perform a manual translation action on the first part 12 to continue moving it away from the second part 14.
[0097] Thanks to the features described above, connecting and disconnecting the first part 12 and the second part 14 is facilitated. The locking ramp 88 and the housing 90, together with the pin 46, form an "automatic" bayonet system, since it is not necessary to manually rotate the ring 16 relative to the first part 12 to achieve locking. Instead, locking occurs automatically thanks to the initial slide G1 and the reception of the pin 46 in the housing 90.
[0098] In addition, unlocking is easy, thanks to the cooperation of the pin 46 with the unlocking ramp 92. This cooperation creates a disengagement force of the first part 12 initially very strong, advantageously allowing to overcome the friction of the sealing joint 22 on the sealing surface 96. The axial force R3 exerted by the spring 47 helps the unlocking.
Claims
Demands
1. An assembly comprising a first part and a second part (14) movable relative to each other in translation along a connection axis (D) between a locked configuration, in which the first part (12) and the second part (14) are partially nested within each other and locked onto each other, and an unlocked configuration, in which the first part (12) and the second part (14) are separated from each other, characterized in that: - The first part (12) comprises a rail (42) and a groove (40), and the second part (14) comprises a rail (42) and a groove (40), the rail (42) being configured to slide axially in the groove (40) when the first part (12) and the second part (14) move from the unlocked to the locked configuration; - The assembly (10) comprises a ring (16) rotatably mounted on the first part (12) around the connecting axis (D), the ring (16) comprising a wall (80) extending around the connecting axis (D) and forming a locking ramp (88) and a housing (90); - The second part (14) defines a surface (48) radially inward with respect to the connecting axis (D), said radially inward surface (48) delimiting a housing (66) adapted to receive at least the wall (80) of the ring (16) in the locked configuration,the second part (14) comprising at least one pin (46) projecting into the housing (66) from the radially inner surface (48), - the first part (12) comprising a return system (18) adapted to exert a restoring force (RI) on the ring (16) towards a rest position of the ring (16), and, - the locking ramp (88) and the housing (90) are configured so that a manual displacement (D1) of the first part (12) and the second part (14) axially relative to each other from the unlocked configuration to an intermediate configuration causes a first slip (G1) of the pin (46) on the locking ramp (88), and an automatic displacement (D2) of the ring (16) angularly in a first direction relative to the first part (12) between the rest position and an intermediate position, and so that a manual displacement (D3) of the first part (12) and the second part (14) axially relative to each other from the intermediate configuration to the locked configuration allows a displacement to- automatic (D4) of the ring (16) angularly relative to the first part (12) in a second direction contrary to the first direction, from the intermediate position to a locking position under the action of the return system (18), the pin (46) being received in the housing (90) when the ring (16) is in the locking position, the housing (90) defining an axial stop (94) adapted to block the pin (46) axially relative to the first part (12).
2. Assembly (10) according to claim 1, wherein: - the first part (12) comprises at least one first electrical contact (24), and a first electrically insulating sleeve (26) surrounding the first electrical contact (24) around the connection axis (D), and - the second part (14) comprises at least one second electrical contact (62), and a second electrically insulating sleeve (64) surrounding the second electrical contact (62) around the connection axis (D), the first electrical contact (24) being in electrical contact with the second electrical contact in the locked configuration, and away from the second electrical contact (62) in the unlocked configuration.
3. Assembly according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wall (80) of the ring (16) forms an unlocking ramp (92) adapted so that a manual displacement (D4) of the ring (16) in rotation about the connecting axis (D) in the first direction relative to the first part (12) from the locking position removes the pin (46) from the first housing (90) and causes a second slip (G2) of the pin (46) on the unlocking ramp (92), the unlocking ramp (92) exerting an axial force (R2) on the pin (46) to move the first part (12) and the second part (14) axially away from each other from the locked configuration.
4. Assembly (10) according to claim 3, wherein the unlocking ramp (92) is curved, the unlocking ramp (92) forming an angle (a) with the connecting axis (D) decreasing as one moves away from the housing (90).
5. Assembly (10) according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the unlocking ramp (92) comprises a proximal part (98) relative to the housing (90), the proximal part (98) forming an angle (|3) less than 40°, preferably 20°, with any plane (P) perpendicular to the connection axis (D).
6. Assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the second part (14) comprises a spring (47) located in the housing (66) and adapted to exert an axial force (R3) on the first part (12) in the locked configuration, the axial force being directed from the second part (14) to the first part (12).
7. Assembly (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the wall (80) defines a notch (84) opening axially on the side of the second part (14), the locking ramp (88) and the housing (90) being formed by a curvilinear edge (86) of the notch (84).
8. Assembly (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first part (12) comprises a wall (26A) extending at least in part around the connecting axis (D), the wall (26A) defining a first groove (44) or a light, oriented circumferentially around the connecting axis (D), the ring (16) comprising a pin (45) adapted to move in the first groove (44) or the light when the ring (16) rotates relative to the first part (12).
9. Assembly (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the return system (18) comprises a second groove (52) formed by the first part (12) and oriented circumferentially around the connecting axis (D), and a return spring (54) extending along the groove (42) between the first part (12) and the ring (16).
10. A method for locking and unlocking a first part (12) and a second part (14) of an assembly (10), the first part and the second part (14) being movable relative to each other in translation about a connecting axis (D) between a locked configuration, in which the first part (12) and the second part (14) are partially nested within each other and locked together, and an unlocked configuration, in which the first part (12) and the second part (14) are separated from each other, the first part (12) comprising one of a rail (42) and a groove (40), and the second part (14) comprising the other of a rail (42) and a groove (40), a ring (16) being rotatably mounted on the first part (12) about the connecting axis (D), the ring (16) comprising a wall (80) extending around the connection axis (D) and forming a locking ramp (88) and a housing (90),the second part (14) defining a surface (48) radially interior with respect to, the connecting axis (D), said radially inner surface (48) defining a housing (66) adapted to receive at least the wall (80) of the ring (16) in the locked configuration, the second part (14) comprising at least one pin (46) projecting into the housing (66) from the radially inner surface (48), a return system (18) exerting a return force (RI) on the ring (16) towards a rest position of the ring (16) relative to the first part (12), the method comprising the following steps: - manual displacement (Dl) of the first part (12) and the second part (14) axially relative to each other from the unlocked configuration to an intermediate configuration, - sliding of the rail (42) axially in the groove (40) while the first part (12) and the second part (14) move from the unlocked configuration to the locked configuration, - due to said manual movement (D1), first sliding (G1) of the pin (46) on the locking ramp (88), and automatic movement (D2) of the ring (16) angularly in a first direction relative to the first part (12) between the rest position and an intermediate position, - manual displacement (D3) of the first part (12) and the second part (14) axially relative to each other from the intermediate configuration to the locked configuration, and - due to said manual displacement (D3), automatic displacement (D4) of the ring (16) relative to the first part (12) angularly in a second direction contrary to the first direction, from the intermediate position to a locking position under the action of the return system (18), the pin (46) being received in the first housing (90) when the ring (16) is in the locking position, the first housing (90) defining an axial stop (94) blocking the pin (46) axially relative to the first part (12).