Electromagnetic pulse motor.
The engine addresses high energy consumption in traditional motors by using a rotor with magnetized blades and permanent magnets, achieving low energy consumption and cost-effective operation with adjustable breakers and capacitors.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- FR2023007901
- Authority / Receiving Office
- FR · FR
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-07-22
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-24
AI Technical Summary
Traditional electric motors consume a significant amount of energy due to complex coils that generate heat, leading to high energy consumption and manufacturing costs.
A simplified engine design utilizing a rotor with magnetized blades and permanent magnets, combined with soft iron cores or electromagnets, operates with low energy consumption by leveraging the lever effect and adjustable breakers to control rotation speed and direction, and includes a capacitor to manage energy absorption and overvoltage.
The engine achieves low warm-up and manufacturing costs with reduced energy consumption, offering efficient operation and easy performance adjustments.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
Title of the invention: Electromagnetic pulse motor.
[0001] The present invention relates to an operating system for an electromagnetic pulse motor: it is a simplified development of my patent No. FR2112127.
[0002] Traditional electric motors require fairly complex windings that heat up a lot, so they consume a lot of energy.
[0003] The device according to the invention makes it possible to overcome these drawbacks.
[0004] This new, very simple structure allows energy to be saved during operation of said motor, as it produces very little heating, but also during its manufacture thanks to its simplicity, hence a low cost price.
[0005] It comprises in fact according to a first characteristic, a rotor which is, in the example described here, a propeller with several equidistant blades, each end of the blades being magnetized or comprising a permanent magnet of the same magnetic orientation which, during its rotation, pass in front of at least one coil with a soft iron core becoming an electromagnet at each energization, making it possible to attract and repel the blades by their ends with very low energy consumption thanks to the lever effect on the hub of the rotor, the energization of the electromagnet(s) being controlled by one or more breakers with a magnetized blade or simply made of steel, actuated by the passage of the magnets of the rotor, the adjustable positioning of said breaker making it possible to reverse the direction of rotation of said rotor by displacement of the moment of the electromagnetic pulse, a second magnetic or manual adjustment, independent of the first,managing the closing time of the contacts of said breaker by reducing or increasing the opening distance of said contacts, makes it possible to modify the rotation speed of said rotor by the duration of supply of the electromagnet(s), the arc occurring when the contacts open being absorbed by a capacitor restoring the energy absorbed at each cycle, creating an overvoltage at the power supply while reducing consumption and protecting the contacts from premature self-destruction.
[0006] According to particular embodiments:
[0007] A permanent magnet can replace entirely or partially the soft iron core of the coil(s) which then become permanent electromagnets, making it possible to attract and / or repel more strongly, without over-consumption of energy, the magnets of the rotor, the force of the permanent magnet of the core of said permanent electromagnets being multiplied, cancelled or reversed by its coil depending on the choice of the direction of circulation of the current and its supply voltage.
[0008] The rotor described here as being a fan propeller, may be constituted by a rotor made of non-magnetic material provided with permanent magnets arranged equidistantly around its circumference or equipped with several magnetized arms at their ends, these magnets or these arms also being able to be multiplied in the longitudinal direction of said rotor, just like the electromagnets of the stator.
[0009] heating is very low: + 3°, in 1 hour of operation at full speed, at the level of the permanent electromagnet of the prototype created for the tests, said prototype having a rotor of 500 mm in diameter constituted by a propeller of 7 equidistant blades intended for ventilation, with a consumption of 6.5 watts at 240 rpm and 0.65 watts at 80 rpm it is a low energy-consuming fan motor.
[0010] The electromagnet(s), easily interchangeable, allow the characteristics and performance of the motor to be quickly modified while retaining the original frame.
[0011] The attached drawings, in top views, illustrate an operating cycle of the invention:
[0012] [Fig.l] represents the device of the invention when stopped, power supply cut off by the breaker held open magnetically.
[0013] [Fig.2] represents the device of the invention at start-up, as in operation, breaker closed, coil powered attracting the star blade.
[0014] [Fig. 3] shows the device of the invention in operation, power supply having just been cut off by the breaker having just opened because attracted by the blade passing nearby, the star-shaped blade being repelled by the permanent magnet of the core of the unpowered electromagnet, said permanent magnet being of the same polarity as the ends of the rotor blades.
[0015] [Fig.4] represents the device of the invention at the end of the cycle, the star blade no longer being pushed back by the permanent magnet of the electromagnet because it is too far from it, the breaker being kept open by its magnetic control allowing the rotor to be stopped.
[0016] With reference to these drawings, the device comprises a rotor (1) provided with several blades magnetized at their ends (2) or provided with a magnet (2), one or more coils (3) electromagnets with a soft iron core with or without a magnet (4), said magnet (4) being of the same polarity as the magnets (2) of the rotor (1), a housing (7) equipped with a magnetic breaker composed of an articulated blade (5) and a fixed contact (6), a magnet (8) adjustable in rotation or translation determining by its position the force of attraction on the magnetic or steel blade (5) thus making it possible to adjust the closing / opening times of the contact (5) with the contact (6) of said breaker, or to keep the breaker open to cut off the power supply and therefore to stop the rotor (1), the stop (11), preferably non-magnetic, determining the maximum opening distance of the contacts (5) and (6) of said breaker, increasing the closing time allowing to increase the rotation speed of the rotor (1) and the increase in the opening time allowing its speed to be reduced, these closing and opening times directly influencing the consumption stabilized by the current restored by the capacitor (9) by smoothing the variations created by the operation of said breaker, thus creating an overvoltage at the power supply (10), the current restored by the capacitor (9) allowing said consumption to be reduced.
[0017] The magnetized or magnetized ends (2) of the rotor (1) as well as the electromagnets (3) can be multiplied as far as possible according to their diameters, in the circumferential direction, as in the length / depth direction of the motor, their forces of attraction and repulsion adding up and multiplying by their number the torque of said motor.
[0018] In the case of several electromagnets with soft iron cores (3) with or without magnet (4), said electromagnets (3) are equidistant and all positioned on the circumference in the same way, with the same air gap, relative to the magnets (2) of the rotor (1) in order to be able to operate with a single switch box (7).
[0019] By multiplying the electromagnets (3), in an anarchic manner on the circumference of the rotor (1), each electromagnet (3) or series of electromagnets (3) will depend on an independent breaker box (7).
[0020] The device according to the invention is particularly intended for fans, electric motors, turbines.
Claims
Claims
1. Very simple motor structure, with low energy consumption, because it produces very little heating, having a low cost price thanks to its simplicity of manufacture, comprising a rotor (1) provided with several blades magnetized at their ends (2) or provided with a magnet (2), one or more electromagnets (3) with a soft iron core with or without a magnet (4), said magnet (4) being of the same polarity as the magnets (2) of the rotor (1), a housing (7) equipped with a magnetic breaker composed of an articulated magnetic or steel blade (5), a fixed contact (6) and a magnet (8) adjustable in rotation or translation determining by its position the force of attraction on the magnetic or steel blade (5) thus making it possible to adjust the closing / opening times of the contact (5) with the contact (6) of said breaker, or to keep the breaker open to cut off the power supply and therefore to stop the rotor (1), the stop (11), preferably non-magnetic,determining the maximum opening distance of the contacts (5) and (6) of said breaker, the increase in the closing time making it possible to increase the rotation speed of the rotor (1) and the increase in the opening time making it possible to reduce its speed, these closing and opening times directly influencing the consumption stabilized by the current restored by the capacitor (9) by smoothing the variations created by the operation of said breaker, thus creating an overvoltage at the power supply (10), the current restored by the capacitor (9) making it possible to reduce said consumption.,
2. A permanent magnet can replace entirely or partially the soft iron core of the coil(s) which then become permanent electromagnets, making it possible to attract and / or repel more strongly, without over-consumption of energy, the magnets of the rotor, the force of the permanent magnet of the core of said permanent electromagnets being multiplied, cancelled or reversed by its coil depending on the choice of the direction of circulation of the current and its supply voltage.
3. The adjustable positioning of the housing (7) on which the breaker is fixed (contacts 5 / 6) allowing the energization of the electromagnet(s) (3), makes it possible to reverse the direction of rotation of said rotor by simply moving the moment of the electromagnetic pulse.
4. The magnetized or magnetized ends (2) of the rotor (1) as well as the electromagnets (3) can be multiplied as far as possible according to their diameters, in the direction of the circum- conference, as in the direction of the length / depth of the motor, their forces of attraction and repulsion adding and multiplying by their number the torque of said motor.
5. In the case of several electromagnets with soft iron cores (3) with or without magnet (4), said electromagnets (3) are equidistant and all positioned on the circumference in the same way, with the same air gap, relative to the magnets (2) of the rotor (1) in order to be able to operate with a single switch box (7).
6. By multiplying the electromagnets (3), in an anarchic manner on the circumference of the rotor (1), each electromagnet (3) or series of electromagnets (3) will depend on an independent breaker box (7).