Wireless communication system between a motor vehicle and a user badge

Abstract

Wireless communication system (10) between a motor vehicle and a user badge such as a smartphone, comprising: - a primary antenna (110), for transmitting an initial radiofrequency signal (U1); and - a metal guide structure (120), provided with a first opening (121) located opposite the primary antenna (110), for injecting the initial radiofrequency signal (U1) into a cavity (125) delimited by said guide structure, and at least one second opening (1221; 1222) arranged offset from the primary antenna (110); in which: - the guide structure (120) is configured to bring the initial radiofrequency signal (U1) from the first opening (121) to each second opening (1221; 1222), each second opening (1221; 1222) forming a slot antenna type transceiver; and - the guide structure (120) is formed by at least part of a pillar (11) of a mechanical structure of the motor vehicle.Figure for abstract: Figure 2.

Description

Title of the invention: Wireless communication system between a motor vehicle and a user badge Technical field

[0001] The invention relates to the automotive field and more particularly to a wireless communication system intended to be installed on a motor vehicle, to establish two-way communication with a user badge.

[0002] The invention relates more particularly, but in a non-limiting manner, to communication according to a Bluetooth standard, making it possible to receive a user authentication code, from the user badge. State of the art

[0003] It is known in the prior art to equip motor vehicles with one or more wireless communication systems, to enable two-way communication with a user badge.

[0004] The user badge designates a wireless communication device capable of establishing two-way communication via a wireless channel with said wireless communication system on board the vehicle, for the exchange of data. This data includes in particular a user authentication code, initially stored in the user badge. The user badge may consist of a dedicated device, or a smartphone equipped with a dedicated software application.

[0005] Communication via said wireless communication system allows in particular authentication of a user at the vehicle level, to authorize access to functions or services such as unlocking an opening, opening an opening, starting the vehicle, or to access preferred settings inside the vehicle (adjusting the seat, radio station, etc.).

[0006] In the prior art, the wireless communication system comprises at least one radiofrequency antenna, preferably of the monopole type, arranged for example near a door handle, in a lateral region of the vehicle.

[0007] The radiofrequency antenna must therefore be integrated into an environment comprising numerous metallic targets, whether the vehicle body or its internal mechanical structure. The radiofrequency signals emitted and received by the radiofrequency antenna are highly sensitive to this metallic environment, which can completely block the radiofrequency radiation. Furthermore, even if the radiofrequency radiation is not completely stopped by this metallic environment, the latter strongly influences the radiation pattern of the antenna. It is therefore necessary to carry out in-depth antenna sizing studies, to anticipate the impact of the metallic environment on the antenna radiation pattern, and compensate for this impact with very specific antenna shapes. These antenna sizing studies take time, and are each time specific to a very particular metallic environment, associated with a particular vehicle model. In addition, the antenna sizing is then associated with a very precise position of the antenna on the vehicle, involving strong constraints in terms of precision of the mechanical integration of the antenna.

[0008] Another solution consists of positioning the wireless communication system between the metallic environment and the detection zone. For example, when the detection zone is located outside the vehicle, the wireless communication system then extends into an external region of the vehicle, outside a mechanical structure of the vehicle, on the side of this structure opposite the passenger compartment. Such an arrangement, however, results in greater environmental constraints on the wireless communication system, and therefore a higher cost and, where appropriate, fewer recycling possibilities.

[0009] An objective of the present invention is to propose a wireless communication system intended to be installed on a motor vehicle, to establish two-way communication with a user badge, and which offers easy integration into a metallic environment.

[0010] An objective of the present invention is to propose a wireless communication system intended to be installed on a motor vehicle, to establish two-way communication with a user badge, and which does not require great precision in terms of mechanical integration.

[0011] Another objective of the present invention is to propose a wireless communication system intended to be installed on a motor vehicle, to establish two-way communication with a user badge, and which does not necessarily involve exposure to strong environmental constraints. Statement of the invention

[0012] This objective is achieved with a wireless communication system between a motor vehicle and a user badge such as a smartphone, which comprises: - a radiofrequency transmission and reception antenna called the primary antenna, configured for the transmission of an initial radiofrequency signal whose carrier has a central wavelength X; and - a metal guide structure, provided with a first opening located opposite the primary antenna, for injecting the initial radiofrequency signal into a cavity delimited by said guide structure, and at least one second opening formed in one face of the guide structure and arranged offset relative to the antenna primary ; in which: - the guide structure is configured to bring the initial radio frequency signal from the first opening to each second opening, each second opening forming a slot antenna type transceiver for the emission of a secondary radio frequency signal originating from the initial radio frequency signal; and - the guide structure is formed by at least part of a pillar of a mechanical structure of the motor vehicle.

[0013] A second opening is referred to as a transmitter-receiver because the latter is further configured to, in use, receive a response radiofrequency signal emitted by the user badge. This response signal passes through the guidance structure to the primary antenna further configured to receive this signal from said response signal.

[0014] The idea behind the invention thus consists of exploiting the metallic environment of the wireless communication system to form at least one radiofrequency transceiver of the slot antenna type. Thus, instead of being an obstacle to easy integration of a radiofrequency antenna, this metallic environment is on the contrary used to form at least one slot antenna.

[0015] This enhancement of the metallic environment, and more particularly of a pillar belonging to a mechanical structure of the vehicle, involves modifying it to form the first and second openings therein. As detailed below, due to their reduced dimensions, these openings do not call into question the initial function of the pillar.

[0016] According to the invention, each second opening formed in the pillar forms a radiofrequency transmitter-receiver, which in use emits a so-called secondary radiofrequency signal originating from the initial radiofrequency signal. This radiofrequency transmitter-receiver behaves like a radiofrequency antenna, in particular a monopole type radiofrequency antenna. We therefore speak of a slot antenna, each second opening advantageously having a slot shape.

[0017] The radiation emitted by this radio frequency transceiver is not blocked by the metal of the pillar, since this radiation emerges directly from this pillar. Similarly, since the radiation emerges directly from the pillar, the radiation pattern of this radio frequency transceiver is also not significantly distorted by the metal of the pillar.

[0018] Thus, the influence of the metallic environment, and more particularly of the metal mechanical structure, is minimized.

[0019] It is therefore no longer necessary to carry out in-depth antenna dimensioning studies to compensate for the impact of the metallic environment on the diagram. of radiation. In particular, an isotropic radiation pattern is easily obtained.

[0020] For the same reason, it is no longer necessary to impose a very precise positioning of the wireless communication system, relative to the specific metallic environment formed by the vehicle, and more particularly relative to the mechanical metal structure of said vehicle.

[0021] It also becomes unnecessary to multiply the transmission and reception points to cover a desired detection zone, to compensate for the existence of shadow zones formed by metallic obstacles.

[0022] The radiation pattern of each transceiver depends mainly, or even exclusively, on the shape of the corresponding second opening in the metal guide structure. It is therefore particularly easy to obtain a desired shape for this radiation pattern.

[0023] A wireless communication system is thus produced offering easy integration into a metallic environment, more particularly a metallic environment comprising a mechanical structure provided with at least one structural pillar made of metal.

[0024] The invention also makes it possible to position the primary antenna on the inside of the vehicle, by positioning the first opening on the inside of the vehicle, while carrying out a radiofrequency emission towards the outside of the vehicle, by positioning the at least one second opening on the outside of the vehicle.

[0025] A wireless communication system is thus produced which offers easy integration into a metallic environment, without requiring resistance to high environmental stresses. Since the environmental stress resistance properties are reduced, the wireless communication system according to the invention can have a lower manufacturing cost and offer greater recycling possibilities.

[0026] The invention also makes it possible to carry out radiofrequency transmission both towards the inside and the outside of the vehicle, from a single primary antenna. This is achieved by simply opening second openings on two sides of the metal pillar, respectively on the inside and outside of the vehicle.

[0027] In the same way, the invention makes it possible to obtain several transmission and reception points using a single primary antenna. This is achieved by simply opening several second openings in the metal pillar.

[0028] Preferably, the central wavelength X corresponds to a frequency between 1 GHz and 10 GHz.

[0029] The primary antenna is advantageously configured to emit a signal according to the Bluetooth standard.

[0030] Advantageously, the primary antenna is configured for the transmission of the initial radiofrequency signal, and for the reception of a response radiofrequency signal transmitted in use by the user badge.

[0031] Preferably, the primary antenna comprises a radiating element connected to an electronic current supply circuit, with the radiating element located inside the guide structure and connected to the electronic current supply circuit through the first opening in the guide structure.

[0032] Each second opening in the guide structure advantageously has an elongated shape, with a greatest length of between >74 and 2*X.

[0033] Preferably, each second opening in the guide structure has an elongated shape, with a greatest length of between 1 cm and 10 cm.

[0034] Advantageously, the guide structure comprises two large elongated faces, arranged face to face, located in use respectively on the inside and outside of the vehicle, and receiving the first opening and the at least one second opening.

[0035] The first opening may be formed in the large face located in use on the interior side of the vehicle.

[0036] The system may comprise several second openings, at least one second opening being formed in the large face located in use on the interior side of the vehicle, and at least one second opening being formed in the large face located in use on the exterior side of the vehicle.

[0037] Preferably, the guide structure is constituted by at least part of a pillar of the mechanical structure, located in use between front and rear doors of the motor vehicle.

[0038] The invention also covers a system for authenticating a user badge by a motor vehicle, which comprises a wireless communication system according to the invention, and an authentication device provided with at least one processor and at least one memory and configured to control data exchanges via said wireless communication system so as to receive and recognize an authentication code of the badge.

[0039] The invention also covers an assembly comprising not only the wireless communication system, but also the user badge.

[0040] The invention finally covers a motor vehicle comprising a wireless communication system according to the invention. Description of the figures

[0041] Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent upon reading of the description which follows. This is purely illustrative and must be read in conjunction with the attached drawings in which:

[0042] [Fig. 1] [Fig.l] schematically illustrates a motor vehicle equipped with a wireless communication system according to the invention;

[0043] [Fig.2] [Fig.2] schematically illustrates a communication system wireless according to the invention, according to a sectional view; and

[0044] [Fig.3] [Fig.3] schematically illustrates a communication system wireless as seen from the front.

[0045] Detailed description of at least one embodiment

[0046] We begin by describing, schematically and with reference to [Fig. 1], a motor vehicle 1 equipped with a wireless communication system 10 according to the invention.

[0047] As detailed below, the wireless communication system 10 is integrated into at least part of a mechanical structure of the vehicle 1. The mechanical structure of the vehicle is a metal structure forming the body of the vehicle, ensuring the mechanical rigidity of the latter, and on which decorative structures such as the bodywork are mounted.

[0048] According to the invention, the wireless communication system 10 is integrated more particularly into a pillar 11 of said mechanical structure, here a lateral pillar located between a front side door and a rear side door, known to those skilled in the art as a “B pillar”. In variants not shown, the wireless communication system according to the invention is integrated into any other structural pillar of the vehicle, for example an A pillar (located between a front side door and the front windshield), a C pillar (located between a rear side door and a rear side zone), etc.

[0049] The pillar 11 is part, in whole or in part, of the wireless communication system 10.

[0050] The wireless communication system 10 is intended to carry out two-way communication (symbolized by the arrow 21) with a badge 20.

[0051] As described in the introduction, the badge 20 is worn, in use, by a user of the vehicle 1. The user with the badge 20 may be inside the vehicle 1, in the passenger compartment, or outside the vehicle 1 as shown schematically in [Fig.l].

[0052] The badge 20 may consist of a dedicated device, or a smartphone equipped with a dedicated software application. It includes its own means of wireless communication with the wireless communication system 10, and a memory in which it stores a user authentication code.

[0053] In use, the badge 20 and the wireless communication system 10 establish together a two-way communication, allowing the wireless communication system 10 in the vehicle 1 to receive the user authentication code.

[0054] When it is confirmed, using this authentication code, that the user is authorized to use the vehicle, dedicated systems in the vehicle 1 then authorize functions or services such as unlocking an opening, opening an opening, starting the vehicle, or give access to preferred settings, particularly inside the vehicle (setting the seat, radio stations, etc.).

[0055] Advantageously, the wireless communication system 10 is connected to an authentication device 30 via a communication link 31. The authentication device 30 is shown schematically in [Fig.l], and comprises at least one processor and at least one memory. The authentication device 30 is configured to control data exchanges with the badge 20, via the wireless communication system 10, to receive and recognize an authentication code. In particular, the authentication device 30 is configured to request an interrogation of the badge via the wireless communication system 10, and to receive, from the wireless communication system 10, an authentication code provided by the badge 20.At least one authorized authentication code is stored in a memory of the authentication device 30, which can compare the code provided by the badge 20 with at least one authorized code, so as to generate a successful authentication signal in the event of a match between the two codes. The successful authentication signal is then sent to ancillary systems and devices, for the actuation of the functions or services mentioned above. The wireless communication system 10 and the authentication device 30 together form a system 300 for authenticating a user badge.

[0056] In an advantageous embodiment, the system 300 for authenticating a user badge also has a function for locating said badge. This localization can implement a measurement of the intensity of the received radiofrequency signal, representative of a distance between the badge 20 and at least one transceiver formed, as described below, in a metal guide structure belonging to the wireless communication system 10 (a technique called RSSI for Received Signal Strength Information). Advantageously, the localization uses a plurality of transceivers, belonging to the same wireless communication system 10 or to several separate wireless communication systems 10. In addition to or as a variant of the technique called RSSI, the localization can implement a triangulation calculation.

[0057] An example embodiment of a wireless communication system 10 is then illustrated schematically and with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. In [Fig. 2], the wireless communication system 10 is shown schematically in a sectional view. In [Fig. 3], the wireless communication system 10 is shown schematically in a front view.

[0058] The wireless communication system 10 comprises a primary antenna 110, comprising a radiating element 111 connected to a printed circuit board 112 on which an electronic current supply circuit is integrated (not specifically shown).

[0059] The radiating element 111 is preferably a simple monopole antenna.

[0060] The primary antenna 110 is configured to emit an initial radiofrequency signal Ul, the carrier of which has a central wavelength X. The central wavelength X is associated with a frequency f=C / X, with C the speed of light in a vacuum.

[0061] The initial radiofrequency signal Ul can be amplitude modulated, with a much lower modulation frequency. In addition or as a variant, the initial radiofrequency signal U1 has a variable carrier frequency, with a frequency spectrum which extends over a frequency range centered on f=C / X.

[0062] Advantageously, the frequency f=C / X belongs to the UHF domain for Ultra High Frequencies. For example, the frequency f=C / X is between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, more preferably between 2 GHz and 3 GHz, even more preferably between 2.4 GHz and 2.5 GHz.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, the initial radiofrequency signal Ul complies with the Bluetooth® standard, which is a telecommunications standard allowing the bidirectional exchange of data over a short distance, using radiofrequency waves on a frequency band ranging from 2.4 GHz to 2.483 GHz. Even more preferably, the initial radiofrequency signal Ul complies with the BLE standard, for Bluetooth Low Energy, this standard offering reduced energy consumption thanks to a spread spectrum by frequency hopping.

[0064] The primary antenna 110 is further configured to receive a radiofrequency type response signal, coming directly or indirectly from the badge 20 described in the introduction. The response signal has characteristics similar to those of the initial radiofrequency signal Ul, in particular in terms of the central frequency of the carrier.

[0065] The wireless communication system 10 further comprises a guide structure 120. The guide structure 120 is a hollow metal structure, which delimits an interior volume, or cavity 125. The cavity 125 is of elongated shape with an elongation axis A (rectilinear or not). The guide structure 120 is configured to guide the initial radiofrequency signal Ul along its elongation axis A. The guide structure 120 may have a variable internal section along the axis A and / or a irregular shape. The guide structure 120 can be considered to form a waveguide, which may be imperfect.

[0066] According to the invention, the guide structure 120 is formed by at least part of the metal pillar 11 described with reference to [Fig. 1].

[0067] The guide structure 120 is provided with a first opening 121, located opposite the primary antenna 110 for injecting the initial radiofrequency signal U1 inside the guide structure 120.

[0068] The first opening 121 is a through opening, passing right through a face of the guide structure 120 in the thickness direction, to connect the exterior of the guide structure 120 with the cavity 125. The first opening 121 has reduced dimensions, with a diameter advantageously less than 5 cm, or even less than 2 cm.

[0069] In the example illustrated in [Fig.2], and advantageously, the primary antenna 110 is positioned with the radiating element 111 inserted inside the guide structure 120 via said first opening 121, and the printed circuit board 112 located outside the guide structure 120. In variants not shown, the radiating element also extends outside the guide structure 120, but radiates inside the latter.

[0070] Advantageously, and as illustrated in [Fig.2], the first opening 121 is formed in a lateral face of the guide structure 120. In variants not shown, the first opening 121 is located on an end face of the guide structure 120.

[0071] The guide structure 120 is further provided with at least one second opening. Here, but in a non-limiting manner, the guide structure 120 is provided with two second openings 122i and 1222.

[0072] Each second opening 122b 1222 is a through opening, passing right through a face of the guide structure 120 in the thickness direction, to connect the exterior of the guide structure 120 with the cavity 125.

[0073] The guide structure 120 is configured to guide the initial radiofrequency signal U1 into the cavity 125, starting from the first opening 121, and more particularly to bring this signal from the first opening 121 to each second opening 122b 1222.

[0074] According to the invention, the dimensions and positioning of a second opening 122b 1222 on the guide structure 120 define a slot antenna. Each second opening 122b 1222 is thus configured for the emission of a secondary radiofrequency signal U2b U22 originating from the initial radiofrequency signal Ul. Each second opening 122b 1222 is further configured for the reception of a radiofrequency signal emitted in use by the badge 20, this signal then being brought to the primary antenna via the guide structure 120. Each second opening 122b 1222 thus forms a radiofrequency transmitter-receiver.

[0075] In a manner known per se, a slot antenna is formed by a through opening in a metal surface, the dimensions of the through opening defining in particular the transmission-reception frequency of the antenna. A slot antenna behaves in practice like a monopole antenna.

[0076] Here, the slot antenna is supplied with current indirectly, via the initial radiofrequency signal U1 which generates an induced current in the metal guide structure 120. This induced current in turn generates a radiofrequency emission at an opening 122b respectively 1222, placed on the path of the induced current lines.

[0077] Each second opening 122b 1222 is arranged at a distance from the primary antenna 110. For example, there is an offset of at least twice the wavelength X of the initial radiofrequency signal Ul, for example between three and five times this wavelength X. In practice, there is advantageously a distance greater than or equal to 10 cm, and even greater than or equal to 20 cm, between the primary antenna 110 and the closest edge of a second opening 122b respectively 1222. This offset makes it possible to ensure that guidance of the initial radiofrequency signal Ul has indeed been initiated in the guidance structure 120, between the first opening 121 and the second opening 122b respectively 1222. The confirmed existence of such guidance makes it possible to be placed as close as possible to ideal conditions for producing a slot antenna in a waveguide, which facilitates the design.However, it is possible to compensate for non-ideal conditions by playing on the shape and / or location of a second opening 122b respectively 1222. .

[0078] The shape of each second opening 122b 1222 is an elongated shape, of dimension L along the direction of elongation. It may be a rectangle with a large side L, or a rectangle with rounded edges, or a trapezoidal shape, or a rectangle extended by two rounded regions, etc. Preferably, each second opening 122b 1222 has its largest dimension L oriented parallel to the axis of elongation A of the guide structure 120. Advantageously, the dimension L is between 1 cm and 10 cm.

[0079] The dimensions of the slot antenna, and more particularly its largest dimension L, define its transmission-reception frequency. Advantageously, this largest dimension L is between X / 4 and 2*X, with L advantageously substantially equal to X / 2, to within plus or minus 20%, or even plus or minus 10%, or even plus or minus 5%.

[0080] Each second opening 122b 1222 has a width 1, defined along an axis orthogonal to the axis of said largest dimension L, and the dimensions of which are clearly in less than L. For example, we have a ratio greater than or equal to 10 between the largest dimension L and said width 1. Where appropriate, we define the width 1 as being the largest dimension of the second opening 122b 1222 along an axis orthogonal to the axis of said largest dimension L.

[0081] For a frequency of 2.4 GHz, the condition L= X / 2 corresponds to L=6.25 cm. Due to its reduced dimensions, such an opening is therefore easily opened in the pillar 11. The mechanical performance of the pillar 11 is not affected, especially since the large side L is oriented parallel to the elongation axis A of the pillar 11. The initial function of the pillar 11 is therefore not affected by the addition of its additional radiofrequency transmission and reception function.

[0082] Here, the slot antenna is formed in a metal guide structure 120. The initial radiofrequency signal U1 propagates in the guide structure 120. It generates, in the metal casing defining the guide structure 120, an induced current which follows current lines with nodes and antinodes. For optimal efficiency of the slot antenna, the through opening 122i respectively 1222 is advantageously positioned at an antinode.

[0083] Advantageously, and as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the guide structure 120 comprises two large faces 123, 124, arranged face to face, which extend along the elongation axis A, and located in use respectively on the inside and outside of the vehicle. For example, but in a non-limiting manner, the guide structure 120 has a square or rectangular section in a plane orthogonal to the axis A.

[0084] Advantageously, the first opening 121 is located on a first large face 123 of the guide structure 120, located in use on the interior side of the vehicle. Thus, the primary antenna 110 is also located, in use, on the interior side of the vehicle, protected from bad weather and other environmental constraints.

[0085] Advantageously, each second opening 122b respectively 1222, is located on one or other of the large faces 123 and 124 of the guide structure 120.

[0086] Advantageously, and as shown in Figures 2 and 3, at least one second opening 1222 is located on the large face 124 of the guide structure 120, located in use on the exterior side of the vehicle. Thus, transmission-reception is carried out on the exterior side of the vehicle, to communicate with a badge 20 located outside the vehicle. The radiofrequency communication then advantageously aims to control access to the vehicle.

[0087] In addition or as a variant, and as shown in Figures 2 and 3, at least one second opening 122i is located on the large face 123 of the guide structure 120, located in use on the interior side of the vehicle. Thus, a transmission-reception on the inside of the vehicle, to communicate with a badge 20 located inside the vehicle. The radio frequency communication then advantageously aims to control a personalized setting of driving options.

[0088] Advantageously, and as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the guide structure 120 comprises both at least one second opening 122i on the large face 123 located in use on the inside of the vehicle, and at least one second opening 1222 on the large face 124 located in use on the outside of the vehicle. Thus, a single primary antenna 110 carries out transmission and reception both on the inside and outside of the vehicle.

[0089] In variants not shown, the guide structure comprises several second openings on its large face 124 and / or on its large face 123, to offer several transmission and reception points on the exterior side and / or interior side of the vehicle, using a single primary antenna 110.

[0090] The invention is not limited to the examples detailed above, and also covers numerous variants with a different number of second openings in the guide structure, with other shapes, dimensions and / or orientations of the first and second openings in the metal guide structure, with other central frequencies of the initial radiofrequency signal, with other portions of the metal mechanical structure used as the guide structure, etc. In other variants, not shown, the guide structure is provided with at least one array of second through openings, together forming an antenna array providing a direct overall radiation pattern.

[0091] In another variant, not shown, the printed circuit board 112 receiving the primary antenna 110, also receives an additional antenna (not shown), which transmits in the opposite direction to the guidance structure 120. Advantageously, the primary antenna then makes it possible to carry out a transmission towards the outside of the vehicle, via the guidance structure 120, while the additional antenna makes it possible to carry out a transmission directly towards the inside of the vehicle, without passing through the guidance structure 120. This variant makes it possible to easily determine whether the user badge is inside or outside the vehicle, depending on whether the return signal returns to the primary antenna or to said additional antenna.

Claims

Claims

1. System (10) for wireless communication between a motor vehicle (1) and a user badge (20) such as a smartphone, characterized in that it comprises: - a radiofrequency transmission and reception antenna called primary antenna (110), configured for the transmission of an initial radiofrequency signal (Ul) whose carrier has a central wavelength / .; and - a metal guide structure (120), provided with a first opening (121) located opposite the primary antenna (110), for injecting the initial radiofrequency signal (U1) into a cavity delimited by said guide structure (120), and at least one second opening (122i; 1222) formed in a face of the guide structure (120) and arranged offset relative to the primary antenna (110); in which: - the guide structure (120) is configured to bring the initial radiofrequency signal (U1) from the first opening (121) to each second opening (122i; 1222), each second opening (122i; 1222) forming a slot antenna type transceiver for transmitting a secondary radiofrequency signal (U2i; U22) originating from the initial radiofrequency signal (U1); and - the guide structure (120) is formed by at least part of a pillar (11) of a mechanical structure of the motor vehicle.

2. System (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the central wavelength X corresponds to a frequency between 1 GHz and 10 GHz.

3. System (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that the primary antenna (110) is configured to transmit a signal (Ul) according to the Bluetooth standard.

4. System (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the primary antenna (110) is configured for the transmission of the initial radiofrequency signal (110), and for the reception of a response radiofrequency signal transmitted in use by the user badge (20).

5. System (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the primary antenna (110) comprises a radiating element (111) connected to an electronic power supply circuit current, with the radiating element (111) located inside the guide structure (120) and connected to the electronic current supply circuit through the first opening (121) in the guide structure

6. System (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that each second opening (122i; 1222) in the guide structure (120) has an elongated shape, of greatest length (L) between X / 4 and 2*X.

7. System (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that each second opening (122i; 1222) in the guide structure (120) has an elongated shape, of greatest length (L) between 1 cm and 10 cm.

8. System (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the guide structure (120) comprises two large elongated faces (123, 124), arranged face to face, located in use respectively on the inside and outside of the vehicle, and receiving the first opening (121) and the at least one second opening (122i; 1222).

9. System (10) according to claim 8, characterized in that the first opening (121) is formed in the large face (123) located in use on the interior side of the vehicle.

10. System (10) according to claim 9, characterized in that it comprises several second openings (122i; 1222), at least one second opening (1220) being formed in the large face (123) located in use on the inside of the vehicle, and at least one second opening (1222) being formed in the large face (124) located in use on the outside of the vehicle.

11. System (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the guide structure (120) is constituted by at least part of a pillar (11) of the mechanical structure, located in use between front and rear doors of the motor vehicle (1).

12. System (300) for authenticating a user badge by a motor vehicle, which comprises a wireless communication system (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, and an authentication device (30) provided with at least one processor and at least one memory and configured to control data exchanges via said wireless communication system so as to receive and recognize an authentication code of the badge (20).

13. A motor vehicle (1) comprising a wireless communication system (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

Images