SHELTER, VEHICLE PARKING AND METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING A SHELTER

Abstract

TITLE OF THE INVENTION: SHELTER, VEHICLE PARKING AND METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING A SHELTER The shelter (1) comprises: - a roof (5), - a pillar (3) which at least partially supports the roof (5) and which comprises: * a sole (11), * a beam (12) higher than the sole (11), * several jambs (13, 14, 15) connecting the sole (11) and the beam (12) to each other, * a container (25), and * ballast (26) placed in the container (25) so that the sole (11) receives at least part of the weight of this ballast (26). Abstract figure: figure 2

Description

Title of the invention: SHELTER, VEHICLE PARKING AND METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING A SHELTER Technical field of the invention

[0001] The present invention relates to a shelter, a vehicle parking lot, and a method of constructing a shelter. State of the art

[0002] Generally speaking, a shelter must be able to withstand strong winds without tipping over or being moved. However, the more extensive its roof is, the more wind-resistant a shelter is. A car shelter has an extended roof, especially if it has the capacity to accommodate a succession of several motor vehicles parked side by side.

[0003] Among the known shelters, one type of shelter has posts whose lower ends are fixed to the ground. Before building a shelter of this type, holes are dug in the ground. Then, the lower end of each post is placed in a previously dug hole, into which concrete is then poured to harden into a compact mass ensuring the anchoring of the post. In a second step, the rest of the shelter is assembled on site, on the posts already anchored in the ground.

[0004] A shelter is also known which can be installed directly on the ground, without the need to dig holes for posts in the ground. Such a shelter can be partially or completely pre-assembled.

[0005] This known shelter without a post anchored in the ground comprises concrete blocks resting on the ground. These concrete blocks are bases to which a framework supporting a roof is fixed. Each concrete block has a significant mass. In the case where the known shelter without a post anchored in the ground is intended to shelter motor vehicles, each of its concrete blocks weighs several tons. The transport, handling and installation of such concrete blocks are difficult and expensive, requiring lifting machines. Summary of the invention

[0006] A shelter comprises a pillar that at least partially supports a roof. This pillar comprises a sole and a container. The sole receives at least a portion of the weight of ballast placed in the container. Brief description of the figures

[0007] Other advantages and characteristics will emerge more clearly from the following description of particular embodiments of the invention, given as non-limiting examples and represented in the appended drawings, among which:

[0008] [Fig.l] is a schematic view, in perspective, on which a shelter according to a first embodiment of the invention is being installed, and thus still without its ballast, on a parking lot floor,

[0009] [Fig.2] is a schematic side view in which the shelter visible in [Fig.l] is completed,

[0010] [Fig.3] is a schematic, front view, which represents the same completed shelter as [Fig.2],

[0011] [Fig.4] is a detail view which represents a portion of ground in section and a lower portion of a constituent structure of the shelter visible in figures 1 to 3,

[0012] [Fig.5] is a flowchart representing the steps of a method which is according to one embodiment of the invention and which can be implemented to construct a shelter according to the first embodiment of the invention, and

[0013] [Fig.6] is a schematic view, in perspective, on which a shelter according to a second embodiment of the invention is being installed, and thus still without its ballast, on a parking lot floor.

[0014] Figures are to scale. Description of the embodiments

[0015] In [Fig.l], a shelter 1 according to a first embodiment of the invention is without its ballasts and on a ground, which is a parking ground S in the example shown. The shelter 1 comprises a pillar 3 and a pillar 4, which together support a roof 5.

[0016] In the example shown, pillars 3 and 4 are identical. In the following, only pillar 3 is described for the sake of clarity. Furthermore, as long as they are identical or equivalent, a referenced portion of pillar 3 and a referenced portion of pillar 4 are designated by the same reference.

[0017] The pillar 3 comprises a structure 10 comprising a sole 11, an upper beam 12, as well as several legs 13, 14 and 15, which are upright and which connect the sole 11 and the beam 12 to each other. The sole 11, the beam 12, the legs 13, 14 and 15 and any intermediate parts are held together, for example by bolting, so that the structure 10 is generally rigid.

[0018] The sole 11 is elongated. Its longitudinal direction is referenced dl.

[0019] The sole 11 is a rigid substructure of the structure 10. The sole 11 comprises a rectangular frame 20, as well as a succession of crosspieces 21 each of which has two opposite ends held at least downwards by this frame 20. In the example shown, each end of any crosspiece 21 is held downwards by an inner rim of the frame 20.

[0020] Each of the legs 13, 14 and 15 comprises two rising bars 22, which are generally parallel to each other. Each rising bar 22 has a lower end fixed directly or indirectly to the sole 11 and an upper end fixed directly or indirectly to the beam 12.

[0021] The pillar 3 comprises a container 25, which is elongated so as to have generally the same longitudinal direction dl as the sole 11. The container 25 rests on the sole 11, over the entire length of the latter. The container 25 rests in particular on the crosspieces 21.

[0022] In Figures 2 and 3, the shelter 1 is completed. The pillar 3 of the completed shelter 1 has ballast 26 which has been placed in the container 25 so that the container 25 applies the weight of the ballast 26 to the sole 11.

[0023] The container 25 and the ballast 26 together form a low wall 27. Like the container 25, the low wall 27 has generally the same longitudinal direction dl as the sole 11.

[0024] As can be clearly seen in [Fig.l], the container 25 passes between the two rising bars 22 of the jamb 14 and between the two rising bars 22 of the jamb 15. Similarly, the wall 27 passes between the two rising bars 22 of the jamb 14 and between the two rising bars 22 of the jamb 15. The two rising bars 22 of the jamb 14 hold the wall 27 between them, laterally. The same applies to the two rising bars 22 of the jamb 15.

[0025] Leg 13, leg 14 and leg 15 are respectively a first leg, a second leg and a third leg.

[0026] As can be clearly seen in [Fig.2], a lower end 30 of the jamb 13 and a lower end 31 of the jamb 14 are immobilized on the sole 11, which maintains a separation distance 33 between these lower ends 30 and 31, according to a separation direction. This separation direction is the longitudinal direction dl of the wall 27.

[0027] An upper end 35 of the leg 14 and an upper end 36 of the leg 15 are immobilized on the beam 12, which maintains a separation distance 37 between these upper ends 35 and 36, according to the longitudinal direction d2 of the beam 12.

[0028] Together, the leg 13 and the leg 14 generally form a V whose opening is oriented downwards. Together, the leg 14 and the leg 15 generally form a V whose opening is oriented upwards. Together, the legs 13, 14 and 15 generally form an upright N.

[0029] As can be clearly seen in [Fig. 2], the longitudinal direction d1 and the longitudinal direction d2 are contained substantially in the same rising plane, which is referenced M in Figures 1 and 3. In the example shown, the rising plane M is generally vertical and it is the median plane of the pillar 3.

[0030] Several purlins 40 of the roof 5 rest on the beam 12, to which these purlins 40 are fixed for example by bolting.

[0031] As can be seen in [Fig.l], the roof 5 comprises a roof covering advantageously comprising photovoltaic panels 45.

[0032] [Fig.4] represents a lower portion of the structure 10 and the parking floor S, on which the sole 11 rests.

[0033] The lower end 30 of the jamb 13 comprises a fixing flange 50 which is bolted to the sole 11. At least one shim 51 is placed between the fixing flange 50 and the sole 11. In a different setting, no shim is placed between the fixing flange 50 and the sole 11.

[0034] The lower end 31 of the leg 14 and the lower end 52 of the leg 15 are held together by an assembly part 53, to which they are bolted. The assembly part 53 comprises a fixing flange 54 which is bolted to the sole 11. At least one shim 55 is placed between the fixing flange 54 and the sole 11. In a different setting, no shim is placed between the fixing flange 54 and the sole 11.

[0035] The shim(s) 51 and / or the shim(s) 55 make it possible to adjust the position of the pillar 3 relative to the vertical, in the rising plane M, for example in the case of a defect in the flatness of the parking lot floor S. The pillar 3 thus comprises means allowing an adjustment of verticality, these means comprising the fixing flanges 50 and 54.

[0036] The shim(s) 51 and / or the shim(s) 55 also make it possible to adjust the height of the pillar 3 relative to the pillar 4 and, in particular, to position these two pillars 3 and 4 at the same height, for example in the case of a defect in the flatness of the parking lot floor S. This adjustment possibility is more useful and advantageous in the case where the shelter comprises more than two pillars in a row, for example a third pillar in addition to the pillars 3 and 4. This adjustment possibility is even more useful and advantageous in the case where at least three pillars in a row together support one or more of the same generally rectilinear purlins 40 of the shelter.

[0037] The structure 10 is made essentially or completely of metal parts. Other materials are also possible. For example, according to one variant, the structure 10 is made essentially or completely of wooden parts.

[0038] The purlins 40 are metal pieces. Other materials are also possible. For example, according to one variant, the purlins 40 are wooden pieces.

[0039] The container 25 comprises a structure chosen from a mesh of intersecting wires, a mesh of slats, sheets of metal and wooden panels. According to an advantageous possibility, the wires of the mesh are metallic. Preferably, they are made of a steel chosen from stainless steel, zinc-plated steel, galvanized steel and tin-plated steel. According to a first variant, the container 25 comprises a single compartment. According to a second variant, the container 25 comprises several compartments. According to a third variant which can be combined with any of these first and second variants, the bottom of the container 25 is a part which is detachable or initially detached from the rest of this container 25 and which is mounted separately, under or between the crosspieces 21 of the sole 11, by fixing it to the undersides or to the lower parts of these crosspieces 21. When this is the case, at least a part of the ballast 26 weighs directly on the sole 11, once the pillar 3 is completed.

[0040] The ballast 26 comprises pebbles, cobbles, stones, gravel, sand, concrete blocks and / or a recycled material such as fragments of tiles or concrete.

[0041] According to an advantageous possibility, the wall 27 is a gabion or an assembly of gabions. According to an advantageous possibility, such a gabion comprises a fragmentary material such as pebbles as ballast 26, in a mesh of metal wires as container 25.

[0042] The materials of the components of the shelter 1 are chosen taking into account aesthetic constraints and / or cost constraints and / or their respective carbon footprints. Decorative coverings and / or trims may also be provided on at least certain parts of the shelter 1.

[0043] The legs 13, 14 and 15 connect the sole plate 11 and the beam 12 to each other in a generally rigid manner. The structure 10 is able to withstand, without deteriorating, significant tractions applied upwards to the beam 12 and significant thrusts applied downwards to the beam 12. Such tractions and such thrusts may result from the action of a wind on the roof 5. The structure 10 is able to withstand, without deteriorating, significant torsional forces resulting from torques applied to the beam 12, about a direction perpendicular to the rising plane M. Such torsional forces may result from the action of a wind on the roof 5.

[0044] The wall 27 is capable of preventing the pillar 3 from being lifted and / or moved in the presence of significant upward traction applied to the beam 12 due to the action of a wind on the roof 5. The wall 27 is capable of preventing the pillar 3 from being tilted in the presence of significant torques applied to the beam 12, around a direction perpendicular to the upward plane M, and which may result from the action of a wind on the roof 5.

[0045] As can be clearly seen in [Fig.l], the pillars 3 and 4 are separated from each other along a direction d3 intersecting the longitudinal direction dl. In this way, the pillar 3 has a weight which opposes a lifting of the shelter 1 on the side of this pillar 3. The pillar 4 has a weight which opposes a lifting of the shelter 1 on the side of this pillar 4.

[0046] The wall 27 of the pillar 3 and the wall 27 of the pillar 4 effectively prevent the shelter 1 from moving and / or tilting under the effect of a wind. Without being fixed to the ground, the shelter 1 is robust and stable, particularly in terms of wind resistance, which is advantageous. In addition, the shelter 1 has a simple construction.

[0047] Several parking spaces P following one another under the roof 5, between the pillars 3 and 4, are parallel to the low walls 27 of the pillars 3 and 4. A large free surface area available, on the ground, for parking vehicles, robustness of the shelter 1 and stability of this shelter 1 are obtained at the same time. The parking spaces P can be configured for vehicles such as motor cars (not shown).

[0048] Pillar 3 and pillar 4 are the only two pillars of shelter 1 in the example shown. According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, the shelter comprises at least one additional pillar following pillars 3 and 4 in direction d3, and a longer roof in this direction d3, so that the number of covered parking spaces P is increased. Preferably, the at least three pillars which follow one another in direction d3, and which together support the same roof according to this alternative embodiment of the invention, are globally identical examples of pillar 3.

[0049] A construction method 70 according to one embodiment of the invention is implemented to construct the shelter 1.

[0050] As can be seen in [Fig.5], the construction method 70 comprises a step 71 in which the structure 10 of the pillar 3 and the structure 10 of the pillar 4 are at least partially assembled. According to an advantageous possibility, the step 71 is carried out in the factory.

[0051] In a step 72 of the construction method 70, the purlins 40 are fixed to the beam 10 of the pillar 3 and to the beam 10 of the pillar 4.

[0052] In a step 73 of the construction method 70, the pillars 3 and 4 are erected to lay the soles 11 of these pillars 3 and 4 generally flat on the parking ground S.

[0053] In an optional step 74 of the construction method 70, the shelter 1 is moved without the ballasts 25 and without the photovoltaic panels 45 to adjust its positioning in directions parallel to the parking lot floor S and / or to adjust its orientation around a vertical axis.

[0054] A step 75 of the construction method 70 takes place after step 73. In step 75, the verticality of the pillar 3 in the upright plane M is checked and, if necessary, it is adjusted by means of one or more shims from among the shims 51 and 55. In step 75, the verticality of the pillar 4 in the upright plane M is checked and, if necessary, it is adjusted by means of one or more shims from among the shims 51 and 55.

[0055] In a step 76 of the construction method 70, a container 25 is placed on each of the two soles 11 flat on the parking lot floor S.

[0056] In [Fig.l], the containers 25 of the pillars 3 and 4 do not yet contain the ballasts 26.

[0057] In a step 77 of the construction method 70, a ballast 26 is poured or deposited into the container 25 of the pillar 3 while this container 25 is open at the top. step 77, the container 25 of the pillar 3 is closed. In step 77, a ballast 26 is poured or deposited into the container 25 of the pillar 4 while this container 25 is open at the top. In step 77, the container 25 of the pillar 4 is closed.

[0058] According to a first variant described above, step 72 takes place before step 77. According to a second variant, step 72 takes place after step 77. In the optional step 74 of the construction method 70 according to this second variant, at least one of the structures 10 of the pillars 3 and 4 is moved to adjust their positioning in directions parallel to the parking lot floor S and / or to adjust their orientation around a vertical axis.

[0059] In a step 78 of the construction method 70, the roof 5 is mounted on the purlins 40.

[0060] It is clear from the above that the shelter 1 is easy to construct, position, orient and install.

[0061] To uninstall the shelter 1, the reverse steps of steps 78, 77 and 72 are carried out, then the structures 10 are removed from the pillars 3 and 4.

[0062] In addition, the shelter 1 can be moved after removing all or part of the ballast 26 from the pillars 3 and 4.

[0063] It is clear from the above that the shelter 1 is able to be uninstalled and / or moved easily. The removal of the shelter 1 does not leave a hole in the parking floor S. In particular, it leaves the parking floor S untouched by holes for members for fixing the shelter 1 to the parking floor S.

[0064] In the example shown, the shelter 1 is mounted on a parking lot floor S, which may in particular be a concrete floor, a macadam floor, a floor of a high floor, a floor provided with a coating and / or a painted floor. According to alternative embodiments, the shelter 1 is mounted on a gravel floor, a sand floor, a vegetated floor, etc. The shelter 1 thus has the advantage of being adaptable to various terrains as long as these are sufficiently compacted to withstand the cumulative weight of the pillar 3 and the various loads applied to this pillar 3.

[0065] A shelter 101 is shown without its ballast in [Fig. 6]. The shelter 101 is according to a second embodiment of the invention. In the following, only that by which it is distinguished from the shelter 1 is described of the shelter 101. Furthermore, when a referenced part of the shelter 101 is identical or equivalent to a referenced part of the shelter 1, its reference is constructed by adding 100 to the reference designating this referenced part on the shelter 1.

[0066] In [Fig. 6], the containers 125 of the pillars 103 and 104 do not yet contain ballast. The shelter 101 is complete when each container 125 contains such ballast (not shown).

[0067] In the pillar 103 of the shelter 101, the structure 110 comprises a leg 116 and a leg 117, in addition to the legs 113, 114 and 115. Together with the legs 113, 114 and 115, the legs 116 and 117 rigidly connect the sole plate 111 and the beam 112 of the pillar 103 to each other. Together, the legs 114, 115, 116 and 117 of the pillar 103 generally form a standing W.

[0068] The shelter 101 is wider than the shelter 1. Two rows of parking spaces P parallel to each other are placed side by side under the roof 105, between the pillars 103 and 104. Description of the invention

[0069] The invention has at least the aim of facilitating the installation of a shelter.

[0070] According to the invention, this aim is achieved by means of a shelter, which comprises: - a roof, - a pillar which at least partially supports the roof and which includes: * a sole, * a beam higher than the sole, * several jambs connecting the sole and the beam to each other, * a container, and * ballast placed in the container so that the sole receives at least part of the weight of this ballast.

[0071] The shelter defined above has the advantage of being able to be at least partially pre-assembled, that is to say at least partially assembled prior to its installation.

[0072] The sole receives at least part of the weight of the ballast directly from this ballast and / or indirectly. According to one possibility, the container rests at least partly on the sole, and the ballast is placed in the container so that the container applies at least part of the weight of the ballast to the sole. According to an advantageous possibility, the ballast is placed in the container so that the sole receives at least part of the weight of the ballast directly from this ballast and / or the container applies at least part of the weight of the ballast to the sole.

[0073] The shelter defined above may incorporate one or more other advantageous characteristics, individually or in combination, in particular among those defined below.

[0074] According to an advantageous possibility, at least one of the legs comprises two rising bars between which the container and the ballast pass.

[0075] Thus, the two rising bars can hold the container and the ballast between them, so that the container has lateral stiffening due to the presence of the rising bars. Its structure can thus be lighter for the same mass of ballast.

[0076] According to an advantageous possibility, the ballast comprises a gabion or an assembly of gabions comprising a fragmentary material and the container comprises a mesh of metal wires.

[0077] According to an advantageous possibility, the container and the ballast are part of a low wall.

[0078] Thus, the wall effectively prevents the sole from tilting in a rising plane containing the longitudinal direction of the wall.

[0079] According to an advantageous possibility, the sole is elongated and has generally the same longitudinal direction as the wall.

[0080] According to an advantageous possibility, the pillar is a first pillar, the shelter comprising a second pillar which partially supports the roof, the first and second pillars being separated from each other in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the low wall.

[0081] Thus, a large free surface area available, on the ground, for example for parking vehicles, can be obtained. This can be achieved at the same time as great stability of the shelter, even in the presence of strong winds.

[0082] According to an advantageous possibility, a lower end of a first of the legs and a lower end of a second of the legs are immobilized on the sole, the sole maintaining a separation distance between the lower end of the first leg and the lower end of the second leg.

[0083] Thus, robustness of the pillar in a rising plane can be obtained.

[0084] According to an advantageous possibility, together, the first leg and the second leg generally form a V whose opening is oriented downwards.

[0085] Thus, the shelter can have a simplified construction, which can result in easier adjustments, easier manufacturing and / or lower manufacturing cost.

[0086] According to an advantageous possibility, the separation distance between the lower end of the first jamb and the lower end of the second jamb is in the longitudinal direction of the wall.

[0087] Thus, stability and robustness of the pillar can be obtained in a rising plane containing the longitudinal direction of the wall. At the same time, a large free surface area available, on the ground, for example for parking vehicles can be obtained. For example, one or more parking spaces parallel to the wall can be contiguous to it.

[0088] According to an advantageous possibility, an upper end of the second jamb and an upper end of a third of the jambs are immobilized on the beam, the beam having a longitudinal direction which is substantially parallel to the same rising plane as the longitudinal direction of the wall, the beam maintaining a separation distance in the longitudinal direction of the beam, between the upper end of the second jamb and the upper end of the third jamb.

[0089] Thus, stability and robustness of the pillar can be obtained in a rising plane containing the longitudinal direction of the wall.

[0090] According to an advantageous possibility, together, the second leg and the third leg generally form a V whose opening is oriented upwards.

[0091] Thus, the shelter can have a simplified construction, which can result in easier manufacturing and / or lower manufacturing cost.

[0092] According to an advantageous possibility, the roof comprises a roof covering comprising photovoltaic panels.

[0093] According to an advantageous possibility, there is no fixing of the ballast to the container.

[0094] Thus, the ballast can be easily removed from the container during partial or complete disassembly. complete shelter replacement, container and / or ballast replacement, shelter relocation, shelter repositioning and / or complete shelter removal.

[0095] The invention also relates to a vehicle parking area, comprising a shelter as defined above, as well as a vehicle parking area located under the roof of the shelter.

[0096] The invention also relates to a method of constructing a shelter as defined above, which comprises steps in which: a) the sole is placed on the ground, then b) the ballast is placed in the container which is in place relative to the sole so that the sole receives at least part of the weight of the ballast once this ballast is in the container.

[0097] According to an advantageous possibility, the construction method comprises a step which precedes step b) and in which the location, on a ground, and / or the orientation, around a vertical axis, of a structure comprising the sole, the beam and the jambs is adjusted.

Claims

Claims

1. Shelter (1, 101), comprising: - a roof (5, 105), - a pillar (3, 103) which at least partially supports the roof (5, 105) and which comprises: * a sole (11, 111), * a beam (12, 112) higher than the sole (11, 111), * several jambs (13, 14, 15, 113, 114, 115) connecting the sole (11, 111) and the beam (12, 112) to each other, * a container (25, 125), and * ballast (26) placed in the container (25, 125) so that the sole (11, 111) receives at least part of the weight of this ballast (26), the shelter being characterized in that: at least one of the jambs (13, 14, 15, 113, 114, 115) comprises two rising bars (22) between which the container (25, 125) and the ballast (26) pass and the ballast (26) comprises a gabion or an assembly of gabions comprising a fragmentary material and the container (25, 125) comprises a mesh of metal wires.

2. Shelter (1, 101) according to claim 1, in which the container (25, 125) and the ballast (26) are part of a low wall (27).

3. A shelter (1, 101) according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein a lower end (30) of a first (13, 113) of the legs (13, 14, 15, 113, 114, 115) and a lower end (31) of a second (14, 114) of the legs (13, 14, 15, 113, 114, 115) are immobilized on the sole (11, 111), the sole (11, 111) maintaining a separation distance (33) between the lower end (30) of the first leg (13, 113) and the lower end (31) of the second leg (14, 114).

4. A shelter (1, 101) according to claim 3, wherein together the first leg (13, 113) and the second leg (14, 114) generally form a V with its opening facing downwards.

5. Shelter (1, 101) according to claim 2 and one of claims 3 or 4, in which the separation distance (33) between the lower end (30) of the first jamb (13, 113) and the lower end (31) of the second jamb (14, 114) is in the longitudinal direction (dl) of the wall (27).

6. Shelter (1, 101) according to claim 5, in which an upper end (35) of the second leg (14, 114) and an upper end (36) of a third (15, 115) of the legs (13, 14, 15, 113, 114, 115) are immobilized on the beam (12, 112), the beam (12, 112) having a longitudinal direction (d2) which is substantially parallel to the same vertical plane (M) as the longitudinal direction (dl) of the wall (27), the beam (12, 112) maintaining a separation distance (37) in the longitudinal direction (d2) of the beam (12, 112), between the upper end (35) of the second leg (14, 114) and the upper end (36) of the third leg (15, 115).

7. A shelter (1, 101) according to claim 6, wherein together the second leg (14, 114) and the third leg (15, 115) generally form a V with its opening facing upwards.

8. Shelter (1, 101) according to one of claims 1 to 7, in which the roof (5, 105) comprises a roof covering (5, 105) comprising photovoltaic panels (45).

9. Vehicle parking, characterized in that it comprises a shelter (1, 101) according to one of claims 1 to 8, as well as a vehicle parking area (P) located under the roof (5, 105) of the shelter (1, 101).

10. Method for constructing a shelter (1, 101) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises steps in which: a) the sole (11, 111) is placed (73) on a ground (S), then b) the ballast (26) is placed (77) in the container (25, 125) which is in place relative to the sole (11, 111) so that the sole (11, 111) receives at least part of the weight of the ballast (26) once this ballast (26) is in the container (25, 125).

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