Soil cultivation machine
The soil-working machine addresses the issue of widening unworked zones due to disc wear by using actuators and guidance systems to maintain consistent soil cultivation efficiency through adjustable tool positioning.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- FR · FR
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- EVAGRO CONCEPT
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-08
AI Technical Summary
Existing soil-working machines, such as disc harrows, experience an unworked zone that widens due to disc wear, leading to inefficient soil cultivation as the rear discs fail to perform their function when worn.
A soil-working machine with a chassis and two rows of tools, each equipped with a linkage system that includes an actuator and guidance system, allowing vertical and lateral movement of the tools to maintain a constant unworked area despite wear, using actuators like cylinders and guidance systems with guide paths and elements.
The solution ensures consistent soil cultivation efficiency by maintaining the unworked area constant, optimizing soil preparation throughout the tools' service life through adjustable positioning of the tools based on wear.
Smart Images
Figure 00000014_0000 
Figure 00000014_0001 
Figure 00000015_0000
Abstract
Description
Title of the invention: Soil tillage machine
[0001] The present invention relates to a soil-working machine.
[0002] It relates in particular to a soil-working machine comprising a chassis with a longitudinal axis taken along the front / rear direction of the chassis and at least two rows of soil-working tools, respectively referred to as front and rear, coupled respectively to the chassis by a linkage system and each extending transversely to the longitudinal axis of the chassis, said chassis being able to be maintained at a predetermined distance from the ground and at least part of the tools of each row of tools being concave or frustoconical hollow discs.
[0003] Such a tillage machine is known, as illustrated in particular by international patent application WO 2007 / 085713. Such machines, known as disc harrows, often have an unworked zone between the discs. This unworked zone is shown in Figure 20 of [Fig. 1], which illustrates two partial views of a prior art tillage machine, one with new discs and the other with worn discs. As illustrated in the views of [Fig. 1], this unworked zone tends to widen in the prior art due to disc wear. When the discs are very worn, the rear row of discs works in the wake of the front row of discs and no longer fulfills its function.
[0004] One object of the invention is to provide a soil-working machine whose design makes it possible to maintain a substantially constant dimension of the unworked area regardless of the state of wear of the discs.
[0005] To this end, the invention relates to a soil-working machine, said machine comprising a chassis with a longitudinal axis taken along the front / rear direction of the chassis and at least two rows of soil-working tools, respectively referred to as front and rear, coupled respectively to the chassis by a linkage system and each extending transversely to the longitudinal axis of the chassis, said chassis being capable of being maintained at a predetermined distance from the ground and at least part of the tools of each row of tools being concave or frustoconical hollow discs, characterized in that for at least one of the rows of tools, the linkage system between said row of tools and the chassis comprises at least one actuator and a guidance system, said row of tools being, in the actuated state of the or at least one of the actuators, mounted in a guided movement manner along a travel stroke comprising at least two components,one of the components being a vertical component for a downward or upward movement of the tools of said row, the other or another of the components being a following component, a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis of the chassis, that is to say parallel to an axis corresponding to a longitudinal axis of the row of tools, to allow by means of said actuator both a lowering, or respectively a raising, and a lateral shift of the tools of said row of tools.
[0006] The ability to move at least one of the tool rows vertically and laterally using the same actuator makes it easy to maintain the same relative position of the tools from one row to another, even when the tools are worn, to optimize the soil areas worked. Having an actuator that is active for both the upward and downward positioning of the tools and for their lateral positioning—that is, along a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis of the frame—allows for a simplified design with maximum soil cultivation efficiency.
[0007] According to one embodiment of the invention, the actuator or one of the actuators of the linkage system between a row of tools and the chassis is a cylinder disposed between said row of tools and the chassis.
[0008] According to one embodiment of the invention, the at least two rows of tools, each coupled to the frame by a linkage system, comprise at least one beam extending transversely to the longitudinal axis of the frame and to which the tools are coupled by a linkage element. The positioning of the linkage system between the beam and the frame makes it possible to avoid modifying the design of the tool connection to the beam. Thus, such linkage systems can be easily implemented, even on existing machines.
[0009] According to one embodiment of the invention, the guidance system comprises one or more guideways, each housing at least one guide element. Each guideway and the at least one associated guide element are arranged, respectively, on the frame and on the row of tools to be driven. The fact that each guideway and the at least one associated guide element are arranged interchangeably, one on the frame and the other on the row of tools to be driven allows for relative movement of the guideway and the at least one associated guide element depending on the actuator's actuated state.
[0010] According to one embodiment of the invention, the guide path and the at least one associated guide element are configured to allow at least partial retention of the at least one guide element within the guide path over at least a portion of the guide path's length when the actuator is actuated. This arrangement allows for the moving guidance of said row of tools by simple contact.
[0011] According to one embodiment of the invention, the guide paths, or at least one of them, are inclined from a high point located away from one of the ends, referred to as the first end, of the row of tools by a first distance, towards a low point away from said first end of the row of tools by a second distance greater than the first distance.
[0012] According to one embodiment of the invention, the or at least one of the guide paths is a groove, and the at least one associated guide member is a protruding element, of the type stud or finger, housed at least partially inside said groove.
[0013] According to one embodiment of the invention, the travel stroke, which comprises at least a vertical component and a so-called lateral component along a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis of the frame, further comprises an axial component parallel to the longitudinal axis of the frame. This arrangement increases the space between two rows of tools and thus facilitates machine maintenance, particularly during tool changes and adjustments.
[0014] According to one embodiment of the invention, the linkage system is configured to, in the actuation state of said actuator, generate an angular displacement of the row of tools around an axis forming a longitudinal axis of said row of tools.
[0015] According to one embodiment of the invention, the guide path(s) are arranged on the tool row, and the guide element(s) are housed within a ring coupled to the frame and surrounding at least a portion of the tool row. The ring cooperates with the actuator to allow angular displacement of the tool row around an axis forming a longitudinal axis of said tool row when the actuator is actuated, the portion of the tool row surrounded by the ring being formed by the beam of said tool row.
[0016] According to one embodiment of the invention, the actuator and the guideway or guideways of the linkage system extend in parallel and the guideway or guideways and the at least one guide element associated with each guideway are mounted relative to each other in a sliding movable manner in the actuated state of said actuator.
[0017] According to one embodiment of the invention, at least one of the tools, formed by a hollow disc in at least one of the tool rows, is equipped with at least one wear indicator. The presence of a wear indicator, for example in the form of a plurality of markings, aids in the actuation of the actuator.
[0018] According to one embodiment of the invention, the chassis is, for maintaining it at a predetermined distance from the ground, equipped with at least one reference element.
[0019] According to one embodiment of the invention, the actuator or one of the actuators of the linkage system being a cylinder, said machine comprises, for at least one actuator, a set of shims, each shim being positionable on the actuator to limit the travel of said actuator, the number of shims being a function of the travel of said actuator. Brief description of the drawings
[0020] The invention will be better understood upon reading the following description of exemplary embodiments, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
[0021] [Fig-1] represents in the form of two partial views a machine in the state of the technique with new discs and worn discs;
[0022] [Fig.2] represents a side view of a soil-working machine according to the invention;
[0023] [Fig.3] represents a perspective view of a soil-working machine according to the invention;
[0024] [Fig.4] represents in the form of two partial views a soil-working machine according to the invention with new discs and worn discs;
[0025] [Fig.5] represents a perspective view of a row of tools of a soil-working machine according to the invention associated with a detail view;
[0026] [Fig.6] represents in the form of two front views of a row of tools of a soil working machine according to the invention the passage of the actuator from a retracted position for new discs to an extended position for worn discs;
[0027] [Fig.7] represents a side view of a row of discs to illustrate the positions that a disc can take during wear during the actuation of an actuator;
[0028] [Fig.8] represents a perspective view of a row of tools of a soil-working machine according to the invention associated with a detail view;
[0029] [Fig.9] represents in the form of two front views of a row of tools of a soil working machine according to the invention the passage of the actuator from a retracted position for new discs to an extended position for worn discs.
[0030] As mentioned above, the invention relates to a soil-working machine of the type shown in [Fig. 2]. This soil-working machine 1 comprises a frame 2 with a front and a rear portion taken with respect to the direction of travel of the frame 2 and extending longitudinally from the front portion to the rear portion. The longitudinal axis of the frame 2 is represented as XX' in the figures and is more particularly visible in [Fig. 3].
[0031] This chassis 2 is essentially formed from a welded or bolted assembly of longitudinal members and cross members. This chassis 2 can be mounted or towed, for example, trailed or semi-trailed. In this case, the front part of the chassis is equipped with a device hitching. This chassis 2 can also be a self-contained chassis 2. This chassis 2 is capable of being maintained at a predetermined distance from the ground to allow work at a predetermined depth or working depth of the tools that will be described below.
[0032] For this purpose, the chassis 2 is equipped with at least one reference element 13 to maintain it at a predetermined distance from the ground. In the examples shown in Figures 2 and 3, there are two reference elements 13, one located at the front and the other at the rear of the chassis 2. In the case of a mounted chassis 2, no reference element is necessary.
[0033] Each reference element 13 is here formed by a non-powered roller coupled to the chassis and extending transversely to the longitudinal axis XX' of the chassis 2. This reference element 13 could have, equivalently, been formed by wheels or pads without going out of the scope of the invention.
[0034] Ideally, the reference member 13 is coupled to the chassis 2 in an adjustable position. This adjustment allows the chassis to be maintained in a horizontal position at a predetermined elevation level relative to the ground.
[0035] The soil-working machine 1 comprises at least two rows 3 of soil-working tools 5. These rows 3 of tools 5 each extend transversely to the longitudinal axis XX' of the frame 2 and form, one, a front row 3 of tools 5, the other, a rear row 3 of tools 5, taken with respect to the direction of movement of the frame 2 in the front / rear direction.
[0036] Obviously, the number of rows 3 of soil-working tools 5 can be greater than two without departing from the scope of the invention.
[0037] Each row 3 of tools 5 is coupled to the frame 2 by a linkage system 6. At least part of these tools 5 are non-motorized concave or frustoconical hollow discs.
[0038] In the examples shown, the front and rear rows of discs extend along a working width, that is to say along a line substantially perpendicular to the line of traction of movement corresponding to the longitudinal axis XX' of the chassis 2. The rotational drive of each non-driven disc is caused by the effect of the friction force with the ground, a force generated by the movement of the towed chassis 2.
[0039] The discs of each row of discs work in the ground according to a depth or depth set by means of the reference organ(s) 13.
[0040] In the examples shown, each row 3 of tools 5 coupled to the frame 2 by a linkage system 6 comprises at least one beam 4 extending transversely to the longitudinal axis XX' of the frame 2 and to which the tools 5 are coupled by a linkage element 11.
[0041] This linking element 11 allows each disc or each group of discs in a row of discs to be mounted independently and oscillating relative to the beam 4, so as to retract under a predetermined pressure, generally adjustable, to obtain soil work at a constant depth of the discs.
[0042] This connecting element 11 of a disc or group of discs may consist of an arm pivotally mounted on the beam about an axis substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the disc. This arm then cooperates with a prestressing element, such as a spring, so as to allow the arm to pivot in the direction of disc retraction by lifting when the pressure exerted on the discs becomes greater than the set pressure of said prestressing element. The return to the working position occurs automatically under the combined load of the prestressing element and the weight of the disc.
[0043] An equivalent solution can be obtained by means of a spiral helical spring, as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2. One end of the spring is coupled to the beam 4, while the other end of the spring is coupled to the hub of a disk or to the hubs of several disks, the end of the spring being for example interposed between two disk hubs.
[0044] Each disc generally has a diameter of at least 450 mm and preferably greater than 550 mm.
[0045] It is understood that these discs wear out during their rotational drive, which leads to a reduction in their diameter.
[0046] Generally, the disks have a reversed concavity from one row of disks to another. Generally, the disks in a row of disks have a non-zero opening angle and entry angle.
[0047] The opening angle is the angle formed by the plane of rotation of the disk without an entry angle with the vertical plane parallel to the longitudinal axis XX' of the chassis 2.
[0048] The entry angle corresponds to the angle formed by the axis of rotation of the disk with the horizontal plane formed by the ground.
[0049] It is the positioning of the hub of the disc relative to the beam connection element that determines the orientation of the disc and consequently its opening angle and its entry angle.
[0050] Such rows of discs will not be described in further detail as they are well known to those versed in this art.
[0051] The aim of the present invention is to propose a simple solution for maintaining an unworked area between the discs of a row of discs, as represented in 21 in [Fig.4], which does not grow in width, i.e. in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX' of the chassis 2 during the wear of the discs which causes a change in the contact area of the discs with the ground.
[0052] The soil-working machine 1 includes, for this purpose, for each row 3 of tools 5, a linkage system 6 between the row 3 of tools 5 and the frame 2. This linkage system 6 extends in particular between the beam 4 of the row 3 of tools 5 and the frame 2. This linkage system 6 between the row 3 of tools 5 and the frame 2 includes at least one actuator 7 and a guidance system 8.
[0053] As illustrated in Figures 6 and 9, generally, a single actuator 7 is sufficient. However, several actuators 7 can be provided working in parallel without departing from the scope of the invention.
[0054] The actuator or one of the actuators of the linkage system 6 between a row 3 of tools 5 and the chassis 2 is a cylinder disposed between said row 3 of tools 5 and the chassis 2.
[0055] In particular, this actuator 7 has a body and a rod coupled indifferently, one to the frame 2, the other to the beam 4 of the row 3 of tools 5, such that the retraction or extension of the cylinder rod generates a displacement of the row 3 of tools 5. Due to the presence of a guide system 8 and said at least one actuator 7, the row 3 of tools 5 is, in the actuated state of said actuator 7 or of the series of actuators 7 operating in parallel, mounted in a guided, movable manner in a displacement along a stroke comprising at least two components. One of the components is a vertical component for a downward or upward displacement of the tools 5 of said row 3.The other component is a component along a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis XX' of the frame 2, that is to say along a direction parallel to an axis corresponding to a longitudinal axis of the row of tools, to allow by means of said actuator 7 both a lowering, or respectively a raising, and a lateral shift of the tools 5 of said row 3 of tool 5. .
[0056] Figures 6 and 9 illustrate this movement of at least two components of the tools 5 in row 3 of discs to compensate for disc wear, which is accompanied by a reduction in disc size. This movement of all the discs in the same row is carried out using a single actuator 7. This movement, along at least two components, maintains the position of the contact area of the discs with the ground, so that the area not worked by the discs remains substantially unchanged regardless of disc wear, as illustrated in [Fig. 4], where the lower view shows worn discs, while the upper view shows new discs.
[0057] It should be noted that the displacement stroke, which includes at least a vertical component and a so-called lateral component along a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis of the chassis, may further include an axial component parallel to the longitudinal axis XX' of the chassis 2. This is achieved through the cooperation of the actuator 7 with the guidance system 8 which allows obtaining such a displacement stroke of row 3 of tools 5.
[0058] The guidance system 8 comprises one or more guide paths 9, each housing at least one guide element 10. Each guide path 9 and the at least one associated guide element 10 are arranged, one on the frame 2, the other on the row 3 of tools 5 to be driven in movement for a relative displacement of the guide path and the at least one associated guide element to the actuated state of the actuator 7.
[0059] In the examples shown, the guidance system 8 comprises at least two parallel guidance paths in each case. It should be noted that the guidance system could have been formed by an additional actuator acting in parallel with the actuator 7 described above.
[0060] The guide path 9 and the at least one associated guide member 10 can take on a large number of forms. Examples are given in Figures 5 to 9.
[0061] In these two embodiments, the guide path 9 and the at least one associated guide element 10 are configured to allow at least partial retention of the at least one guide element 10 inside the guide path 9 over at least part of the length of the guide path 9 in the actuation state of the actuator 7 for the purpose of guiding the movement of said row of tools by simple contact.
[0062] Similarly, in each of these examples, the guide path 9 is inclined from a high point PH located from one of the ends, said first end 31 of the row 3 of tools, by a first distance towards a low point PB located from said first end 31 of the row 3 of tools by a second distance greater than the first distance.
[0063] The guide path(s) can be carried by the beam and the associated guide element(s) by the chassis 2, or vice versa, without going out of the scope of the invention.
[0064] In the example of [Fig. 5], the actuator 7 is a cylinder whose body is coupled to the frame 2 and whose rod is coupled to a U-shaped piece fixed to the beam 4 of the tool row 3 5, with the web of the U extending parallel to the longitudinal axis of the beam. In this example, the linkage system 6 is configured so that, in the actuated state of the actuator 7, it generates an angular displacement of the tool row 3 around an axis YY' forming a longitudinal axis of the tool row 3.
[0065] In particular, the extension or retraction of the cylinder rod causes at least one angular displacement of the beam 4 around its longitudinal axis YY'. The cylinder rod is, at its connection to the U-shaped piece, slidingly coupled to the web of the U to allow axial displacement of the beam when the actuator 7 is actuated. Similarly, the cylinder body is preferably coupled with clearance to the frame 2.
[0066] The guide system 8 comprises several parallel guide paths. Each guide path is a groove and the associated guide member 10 is a protruding element, of the type stud or finger, housed at least partially inside said groove.
[0067] The guide path 9 is provided on the beam 4 and is inclined from a high point close to the first end 31 of the row 3 of tools, in this case from the first end of the beam 4 towards a low point away from said first end.
[0068] The guide member 10 is housed inside a ring 15 coupled to the frame 2 and surrounding at least part of the row 3 of tools 5. Said ring 15 cooperates with the actuator 7 to allow angular displacement of the row of tools around an axis forming a longitudinal axis of said row of tools in the actuated state of said actuator. This ring surrounds the beam of the row of tools.
[0069] The guide member is fixed and cooperates with the guide path which is mobile under the action of said actuator 7. It is understood, due to the inclination of the guide path, that the actuation of the actuator 7 in the direction here of an extension of the rod of the cylinder, as illustrated in [Fig.6], generates a displacement of the beam and consequently of the whole row of tools downwards and to the left in [Fig.6] of said row of tools and also forwards as illustrated in [Fig.7] due to the angular displacement of the beam.
[0070] To assist in the actuation of the actuator 7, and in particular in the selection of the stroke of said actuator, at least one of the tools 5 formed by a hollow disc of at least one of the rows 3 of tools 5 is equipped with at least one wear indicator 12. This wear indicator 12 is in the form of a series of marks arranged along a radius of the disc, as illustrated in [Fig. 2].
[0071] Similarly, the soil-working machine 1 may include, for the actuator 7, a set of shims 14. Each shim 14 is positionable on the actuator 7 between the rod and the cylinder body to limit the stroke of the actuator 7, in particular the stroke of the rod. The number of shims 14 depends on the desired stroke of said actuator 7.
[0072] Each mark constituting the wear indicator 12 can be defined in coincidence with a number of shims to be positioned on the actuator 7 to help the user define the stroke of said actuator 7.
[0073] In the example of Figures 5 to 7, when the rod of the cylinder forming part of the actuator 7 is retracted, the discs are new. As the discs wear, the rod of the cylinder is extended, causing at least a lateral and vertical displacement of the row of discs. This displacement is guided by the interaction of each guiding element with its associated guide track. The stroke of the rod is defined using the wear indicator and shims. It can also be defined visually empirically by the operator who, in this case, uses the position of the discs in the other rows of discs as a guide.
[0074] Figures 8 and 9 illustrate the case where the actuator 7 and the guide path 9 of the linkage system 6 extend in parallel and the guide path or each guide path 9 and the at least one guide member 10 associated with each guide path 9 are mounted relative to each other in a sliding movable manner in the actuated state of said actuator 7.
[0075] Again, several parallel inclined guide paths 9 are provided from a high point PH located a first distance away from one end 31 of the beam towards a low point PB located a second distance away from the first end 31 of the beam greater than the first distance.
[0076] Each guide path 9 is in the form of a sleeve mounted on the chassis 2 and each guide member by a rod carried by the beam and sliding inside the sleeve.
[0077] As illustrated in [Fig. 9], the extension of the rod of the actuator 7 generates a downward displacement of the beam 4 from the frame 2, along with a lateral movement, i.e., in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the frame or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the beam. This allows the discs, whose size is reduced due to wear, to be positioned in an area where their contact area with the ground is substantially the same as when the discs are new, so that the unworked soil area remains substantially unchanged. Again, a wear indicator and shims can be provided to facilitate the selection of the actuator stroke.
[0078] The design of the linkage system 6, as described above, allows, in a simple manner and using a single actuator, the optimal position of all the tools in the same row of tools to be adjusted according to their degree of wear. This results in optimized soil preparation throughout the entire service life of the tools in said row of tools.
Claims
Demands
1. Soil-working machine (1), said machine (1) comprising a frame (2) with a longitudinal axis (XX') taken along the front / rear direction of the frame (2) and at least two rows (3) of soil-working tools (5), respectively referred to as front and rear, coupled respectively to the frame (2) by a linkage system (6) and each extending transversely to the longitudinal axis (XX') of the frame (2), said frame (2) being capable of being maintained at a predetermined distance from the ground and at least a portion of the tools (5) in each row (3) of tools (5) being concave or frustoconical hollow discs, characterized in that for at least one of the rows (3) of tools (5), the linkage system (6) between said row (3) of tools (5) and the frame (2) comprises at least one actuator (7) and a guidance system (8), said row (3) of tools (5) being, in the state actuated by one or more of the actuators (7),guided mobile mounting in a movement along a travel stroke comprising at least two components, one of the components being a vertical component for a downward or upward movement of the tools (5) of said row (3), the other or another of the components being a component along a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis (XX') of the frame (2), i.e. parallel to an axis corresponding to a longitudinal axis of the row of tools, to allow by means of said actuator (7) both a lowering, or respectively a raising, and a lateral offset of the tools (5) of said row (3) of tools (5).
2. Soil-working machine (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuator (7) or one of the actuators (7) of the linkage system (6) between a row (3) of tools (5) and the chassis (2) is a cylinder disposed between said row (3) of tools (5) and the chassis (2).
3. Soil-working machine (1) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least two rows (3) of tools (5) coupled respectively to the frame (2) by a linkage system (6) each comprise at least one beam (4) extending transversely to the longitudinal axis (XX') of the frame (2) and to which the tools (5) are coupled by a linkage element (11).
4. A soil-working machine (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the guidance system (8) comprises a or several guide paths (9) each housing at least one guide element (10), each guide path (9) and the at least one associated guide element (10) being disposed, one on the chassis (2), the other on the row (3) of tools (5) to be driven in movement.
5. Soil-working machine (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the guide path (9) and the at least one associated guide element (10) are configured to allow at least partial retention of the at least one guide element (10) inside the guide path (9) over at least a portion of the length of the guide path (9) in the actuated state of the actuator (7).
6. Soil-working machine (1) according to any one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the or at least one of the guidance paths (9) is inclined from a high point (PH) away from one of the ends, said first end (31), of the row (3) of tools (5) by a first distance, towards a low point (PB) away from said first end (31) of the row (3) of tools (5) by a second distance greater than the first distance.
7. Soil-working machine (1) according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the or at least one of the guide paths (9) is a groove, and the at least one associated guide element (10) is a protruding element, of the type stud or finger, housed at least partially inside said groove.
8. Soil-working machine (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the travel stroke which includes at least a vertical component and a so-called lateral component along a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis (XX') of the chassis (2) further includes an axial component parallel to the longitudinal axis (XX') of the chassis (2).
9. Soil-working machine (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the linkage system (6) is configured to, in the actuated state of said actuator (7), generate an angular displacement of the row (3) of tools (5) around an axis (YY') forming a longitudinal axis of said row (3) of tools (5).
10. Soil-working machine (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that the guide path(s) (9) are arranged on the row (3) of tools (5) and in that the guide element(s) (10) or at least one of the guide elements (10) is housed inside a ring (15) coupled to the frame (2) and surrounding at least part of the row (3) of tools (5).
11. Soil-working machine (1) according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the actuator (7) and the guide path(s) (9) of the linkage system (6) extend in parallel and in that the guide path(s) (9) and the at least one guide element (10) associated with each guide path (9) are mounted relative to each other in a sliding movable manner in the actuated state of said actuator (7).
12. Soil-working machine (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that at least one of the tools (5), formed by a hollow disc, of at least one of the rows (3) of tools (5), is equipped with at least one wear indicator (12).
13. Soil-working machine (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the chassis (2) is, for its maintenance at a predetermined distance from the ground, equipped with at least one reference element (13).
14. Soil-working machine (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the actuator (7) or one of the actuators (7) of the linkage system (6) being a cylinder, said machine comprises, for at least one actuator (7), a set of shims (14), each shim (14) being positionable on the actuator (7) to limit the travel of said actuator (7), the number of shims (14) being a function of the travel of said actuator (7).