Recommended positioning of an intermediate device in a wireless network

Abstract

A computer-implemented method is proposed for determining a recommended position of an intermediate device (30) in a wireless communication network comprising at least one first communication device (10) and the intermediate device, the method comprising, for at least one candidate position (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f, 1g, 1h), an evaluation (116) of a first performance parameter of a wireless link between the first communication device and the intermediate device when the intermediate device is positioned in the candidate position, and an evaluation (118) of a second performance parameter of a wireless link between the intermediate device and a second real or virtual communication device (20) when the intermediate device is positioned in the candidate position.The process includes selecting (120) the recommended position from among at least one candidate position, taking into account the performance parameters evaluated for at least one candidate position. Abstract Figure: Figure 1,

Description

Title of the invention: Recommended positioning of an intermediate device in a wireless network technical field

[0001] This disclosure falls within the field of telecommunications. More specifically, it relates to a method for determining a recommended position of an intermediate device in a wireless communication network, as well as a corresponding computer program and entity. Previous technique

[0002] In the prior art, wireless communication networks such as Wi-Fi networks use intermediate devices to extend network range or improve signal quality. However, the positioning of these devices is often determined empirically, without in-depth analysis of performance parameters, which can lead to uneven coverage or dead zones.

[0003] Existing methods offer basic solutions, such as placing the intermediate device midway between the main router and the areas to be covered. However, these approaches only take distance considerations into account, which does not always allow for optimal connectivity.

[0004] In this context, there is a continuing need for a more precise and automated method for determining an appropriate position for an intermediate device in a wireless communication network. Summary

[0005] This disclosure improves the situation.

[0006] A computer-implemented method is proposed for determining a recommended position of an intermediate device in a wireless communication network comprising at least one first communication device and one intermediate device, the method comprising, for at least one candidate position, an evaluation of a first performance parameter of a wireless link between the first communication device and the intermediate device when the intermediate device is positioned in the candidate position, and an evaluation of a second performance parameter of a wireless link between the intermediate device and a second real or virtual communication device when the intermediate device is positioned in the candidate position. the process includes selecting the recommended position from at least one candidate position, taking into account the performance parameters evaluated for at least one candidate position.

[0007] According to another aspect, an entity is proposed for determining a recommended position of an intermediate device in a wireless communication network comprising at least a first communication device and an intermediate device, the entity comprising a microprocessor configured to: to evaluate, for at least one candidate position, a first performance parameter of a wireless link between the first communication device and the intermediate device when the intermediate device is positioned in the candidate position; to evaluate, for at least one candidate position, a second performance parameter of a wireless link between the intermediate device and a second real or virtual communication device when the intermediate device is positioned in the candidate position; and select the recommended position from at least one candidate position taking into account the performance parameters evaluated for at least one candidate position.

[0008] According to another aspect, a computer program is proposed comprising instructions for implementing all or part of a process as defined in this document when this program is executed by a processor. According to another aspect, a non-transient, computer-readable recording medium is proposed on which such a program is recorded.

[0009] The proposed technique facilitates the deployment of an intermediate device in a wireless communication network by recommending a position for this intermediate device that can contribute to improving the overall network performance. In particular, the proposed technique allows for automated and precise selection of the recommended position of the intermediate device, taking into account the performance parameters of the relevant wireless links. This approach can contribute to improving connectivity between multiple points in the network and network coverage.

[0010] The proposed technique is robust and adaptable to various environments, configurations and contexts, whether domestic, professional or urban environments, while taking into account the particularities of the devices present in the wireless network.

[0011] The proposed technique can be integrated into existing network infrastructures without requiring significant hardware or software modifications. This ease Integration can make the proposed technique attractive to network solution providers and end users looking to improve their infrastructure.

[0012] The features described in the following paragraphs may optionally be implemented independently of each other or in combination with each other.

[0013] In one example, for a candidate position, the evaluation of the first performance parameter and / or the second performance parameter takes into account, for the link concerned, at least one element from a list including: a type of wireless technology, a generation of wireless technology, a number of antennas of at least one device concerned, a signal quality, a data throughput capacity, a signal stability, a contribution to network energy performance, a contribution to network efficiency, interference, a physical obstacle.

[0014] Taking each element of the list into account contributes to improving network performance. For example, considering the type of wireless technology allows the selection of the recommended location to be adapted to the characteristics of the technology used, for example, in terms of range and / or sensitivity. For example, considering the number of antennas allows for maximizing the benefit derived from using multiple streams to improve network capacity.

[0015] The relevance of choosing one or more specific elements from the list depends on the scenario considered. For example, in a residential environment, signal stability can be improved by placing the device in a position with fewer physical obstacles. For example, in a dense urban environment, it may be desirable to choose a position that reduces interference with neighboring networks, taking into account the type of technology and the frequency band used.

[0016] In one example, the evaluation of a performance parameter includes, for the link concerned, at least one element of a list comprising: obtaining the performance parameter via a user interface, predicting the performance parameter taking into account at least one attribute of the link, and determining the performance parameter taking into account a measurement of at least one parameter of a captured signal.

[0017] Evaluating a performance parameter can be done in various ways, each with its own advantages. Obtaining the data via a user interface allows for consideration of the user experience. Prediction allows for adaptation to scenarios where the connection does not yet exist. Determination via measurements provides the necessary precision to evaluate performance under real-world conditions.

[0018] In one example, the evaluation of the first performance parameter and / or the second performance parameter is repeated over time for the same candidate position.

[0019] Repeating the evaluation over time makes it possible to verify the stability of performance for a candidate position, particularly in environments where conditions may vary. This ensures that the selected position offers optimal performance, even in the presence of variations, such as increased network traffic or changing interference.

[0020] For example, in an environment where the activity of Wi-Fi devices fluctuates during the day, repeated evaluation makes it possible to verify whether the recommended position offers stable quality, even when activity increases during peak hours.

[0021] Furthermore, the evaluation of a performance parameter of a link can, for example, be predicted initially in an initial situation where the link does not yet exist, and subsequently, after actual establishment of the link, the evaluation of the performance parameter can be determined by taking into account a measurement of at least one parameter of a signal captured after having been carried by the link thus established.

[0022] In one example, the intermediate device is a gateway, a repeater, an additional access point, a node in a mesh network, or an extender.

[0023] Each type of intermediate device has specific characteristics that can meet particular coverage and performance needs.

[0024] In one example, the wireless communication network conforms to a standard selected from: IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.15 (Bluetooth), 5G, LTE, Zigbee, Z-Wave and LoRaWAN.

[0025] Each type of standard has specific characteristics that can meet particular coverage and performance needs.

[0026] In one example, the wireless communication network includes the second communication device.

[0027] In such an example, the performance of the link between the intermediate device and the second device can be managed in an integrated manner within the network, which can help to facilitate the improvement of this link.

[0028] In one example, the link between the intermediate device and the second communication device uses a different communication technology than that used between the first communication device and the intermediate device.

[0029] Such a configuration can be useful when each link has different requirements in terms of range, throughput, or frequency, in particular when the second device does not itself have a wireless interface with the wireless network, i.e. when the intermediate device is forced to assume a network gateway function between the communication technologies used for communication with the first device and for communication with the second device.

[0030] In one example, the method further includes a step of providing an indication by means of an interface, the indication facilitating positioning of the intermediate device in the recommended position.

[0031] Providing guidance via an interface to assist in positioning the intermediate device allows a user to install the device without requiring any special technical expertise. This facilitates installation and ensures that the device is placed in the optimal position to improve network coverage.

[0032] In one example, the process is repeated for a plurality of intermediate devices.

[0033] This can allow for consistent network coverage and, in particular, facilitates advantageous placement of each device relative to the others. This is especially useful in large spaces requiring multiple coverage points. For example, in an office building, several intermediate devices can be installed to cover each floor. The process can be repeated for each floor, taking into account the other devices to avoid interference and optimize overall coverage.

[0034] In one example, the selection of recommended positions for the plurality of intermediate devices takes into account an overall network performance when the intermediate devices are collectively placed in a set of candidate positions.

[0035] This can facilitate improved network coverage while reducing interference between devices. This can help improve the overall quality and efficiency of the network. Brief description of the drawings

[0036] Other features, details and advantages will become apparent from reading the detailed description below and from analyzing the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1

[0037] [Fig.1] is a schematic illustration of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment. Fig. 2

[0038] [Fig.2] is a representation of a domestic environment including several candidate positions for the positioning of an intermediate device according to an embodiment. Fig. 3

[0039] [Fig.3] is a flowchart representing a method for determining a recommended position for an intermediate device according to an embodiment. Fig. 4

[0040] [Fig.4] is a graph representing a theoretical gain / loss of flow rate as a function of the positioning of the intermediate device, according to an embodiment. Fig. 5

[0041] [Fig.5] is a graph similar to that of [Fig.4], but in a different scenario according to an embodiment. Description of the implementation methods

[0042] In the description that follows, identical reference numerals designate identical elements or elements having similar functions.

[0043] This disclosure relates to a technique for determining a recommended position of an intermediate device in a wireless communication network.

[0044] It should be noted in the preamble that the term "position" is used in this document in a general way and can refer to several physical realities.

[0045] In particular, the position may refer to a specific geographical or physical location of the intermediate device in space, for example, based on a map or plan of an environment covered by the wireless network. This physical position may be determined absolutely (e.g., spatial coordinates) or relatively with respect to other communication devices in the network or to elements of the environment (e.g., at a certain distance from the first communication device, near a specific power outlet).

[0046] The position can refer to a configuration of the intermediate device defined by the level of signal attenuation between the first communication device and the intermediate device, and between the intermediate device and a second communication device. For example, the position can be defined by a specific signal attenuation, such as a value in dBm measured in the wireless environment, without needing to know the exact physical location of the intermediate device.

[0047] The position can refer to the place or role of the intermediate device in the topology of the communication network. For example, in a mesh network, the position can refer to how the intermediate device is connected to other nodes or devices in the network, regardless of its physical location.

[0048] The position may refer to the place of the intermediate device in a communication hierarchy, depending on the strength or priority of the wireless links with other devices in the network. For example, the position may reflect a configuration where the intermediate device has priority in relaying the signal based on the evaluated performance of the links.

[0049] A candidate position designates a potential location or possible configuration, according to at least one of the definitions listed in this document for the term "position," where the intermediate device can be positioned in the communications network. These positions can, for example, be identified based on at least one characteristic of the network environment (for example, a physical characteristic).

[0050] In a scenario where there are several candidate positions, these can be discrete, defined by a finite set of specific locations, or continuous, such as ranges of potential locations that may or may not be contiguous, partially overlapping or not. For example, candidate positions may correspond to regions of space defined by areas of similar attenuation of an emitted signal.

[0051] In the proposed technique, at least one candidate position is evaluated to determine at least one preferred, or recommended, position. Determining the recommended position may involve selecting from a discrete list of candidate positions, or using interpolation and / or extrapolation methods to estimate or refine a recommended position within a continuous set of candidate positions.

[0052] One aspect of the technique proposed in this document is a computer-implemented method for determining a recommended position of the intermediate device in the wireless communication network. Another aspect of the proposed technique is an entity for determining a recommended position of the intermediate device in the wireless communication network.

[0053] Any suitable hardware and / or software may be used for the practical implementation of the method and the entity. Generally, although aspects of the proposed technique may be described in this document as a method, a process, an entity, a device, a system, a procedure, or a method, it should be noted that the proposed technique may also cover computer memory that can be connected to a processor possibly connected to a communication interface, the memory storing instructions which, when they are executed by such a processor, enable the implementation of the processes, entities, devices, systems, procedures or methods described in this document.

[0054] Some terms specific to wireless communication technologies and related fields are now clarified for a better understanding of the proposed technique.

[0055] A wireless communication network is a system that enables the transmission of data between devices without the use of physical cables. These networks use electromagnetic waves, primarily in the radio frequency bands, to enable communication over short or long distances.

[0056] Some examples of wireless communication technologies are now given.

[0057] Wi-Fi technology (governed by the IEEE 802.11 standards) uses frequency bands such as 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and, more recently, 6 GHz (Wi-Fi 6E, Wi-Fi 7, and subsequent generations). The IEEE 802.1lad and IEEE 802.1lay standards also provide for the use of the 60 GHz frequency band for very high-speed, very short-range links. This is the predominant technology for wireless local area networks (WLANs), offering high data rates for home and business environments. Bluetooth technology (governed by the IEEE 802.15.1 standards) operates in the 2.4 GHz band for short-range, low-power communications. It is usually used to connect personal devices such as headphones, keyboards, mice and IoT (Internet of Things) devices.Zigbee technology (governed by IEEE 802.15.4 standards) also operates in the 2.4 GHz band and is designed for applications requiring low power consumption and modest data rates, such as home automation and wireless sensors. LoRaWAN technology uses sub-GHz frequency bands (such as 868 MHz in Europe) for long-range, low-data-rate communications, ideal for industrial IoT applications. Cellular networks (4G, 5G) use a wide range of frequencies, including sub-6 GHz bands and millimeter waves, to provide high-speed mobile communications over large geographical areas.

[0058] Wireless networks can be classified into several categories according to their range and architecture. Wireless personal area networks (WPANs) target a very small area around an individual or device. Example: Bluetooth to connect a smartphone to a smartwatch. Wireless local area networks (WLANs) cover a limited area such as a home, office, or campus. Example: Wi-Fi to provide internet connectivity in a building. Wireless metropolitan area networks (WMANs) extend over a city or metropolitan area. Example: WiMAX to provide broadband internet access to an entire city. Wireless wide area networks (WWANs) cover large geographical areas, such as countries or continents. Example: 4G / 5G cellular networks for mobile communications.

[0059] A wireless network generally includes the following elements.

[0060] An access point (AP) is a central device that allows other devices to connect to a wireless network. It acts as a switch, managing traffic between connected devices and often providing a gateway to a wired network or the Internet. The access point emits a wireless signal that other devices can detect and connect to using appropriate protocols (such as Wi-Fi). For example, a wireless network might include a primary access point and one or more secondary access points. The primary access point is often directly connected to an Internet source or a wired network, is configured to manage the authentication of connected devices, and controls all communications within the wireless network.An additional access point, on the other hand, is used to extend network coverage beyond the range of the main access point. It works in cooperation with the latter, but does not handle full network management; it simply relays data received from the main access point and / or other network devices to improve coverage in remote or weak signal areas.

[0061] A gateway is a device that enables interconnection between different networks. In the context of a wireless network, a gateway can act as an intermediary between devices using different communication protocols or technologies, while managing the necessary conversion to ensure communication. It performs protocol conversion and can manage external connections. For example, in a home network, the gateway might be the router that manages internet access.

[0062] A repeater is a device that extends the coverage of a wireless network by receiving and retransmitting the signal from an access point after amplifying it. Its main function is to extend the network's range without having to create a new network. When a device initially connected to a network via an access point connects to a repeater, the device completely renews its association with the network. This process is transparent to the user, as the network name and security key remain the same. Placed between the access point and one or more areas with weak signal, it improves the network's range without requiring an additional wired connection. A repeater may include a module for converting between different communication protocols, which allows the repeater to function as a gateway in certain scenarios.

[0063] An extender is a device designed to amplify and extend the range of an existing signal. An extender is often used in home or business networks. to reach areas far from the main access point or repeaters. The role of an extender is similar to that of a repeater. Often, an extender can both repeat a signal like a repeater and manage additional functions, such as automatic configuration with the main access point or specific band management.

[0064] A wireless network can be "meshed." In such a configuration, several interconnected devices, called mesh network nodes, cooperate to form a robust and redundant network architecture, enabling data transmission between different connected devices. Each mesh network node can act as both a data receiver and transmitter, and contributes to providing extended network coverage.

[0065] Communication terminals or devices refer to a wide variety of devices that connect to a wireless network to send and receive data. The term "terminal" can, for example, refer to smartphones, laptops, tablets, connected objects (IoT), wireless printers, etc.

[0066] Access points, gateways, repeaters, extenders, mesh network nodes, and terminals each have at least one receive and / or transmit interface for communicating with each other. Such an interface is also referred to in this document as a "wireless interface."

[0067] A wireless interface is a flexible concept which can refer to, for example: a communication technology (e.g. Wi-Fi, Bluetooth), an antenna or set of antennas on a device, a specific frequency band, a radio frequency processing module for managing wireless signals, a software and / or hardware set for managing communications, a specific communication channel within a given frequency band, a MIMO interface comprising several antennas and circuits for the transmission of multiple streams, or a combination of several of the above.

[0068] The term "station" is also used in the literature to refer to a receiving and / or transmitting interface of a terminal or, by extension, the terminal itself.

[0069] In a wireless network, the components interact as follows. Terminals connect to an access point or a mesh network node to access the network. Repeaters or mesh nodes extend the range and improve network reliability by relaying signals between access points and terminals. Access points handle communications, authentication, and traffic management for connected terminals.

[0070] Reference is now made to [Fig. 1], which represents a possible example of a communication system comprising: a first communication device 10 (or more simply "first device") comprising a first wireless interface 11 and a second wireless interface 12, a second communication device 20 (or more simply "second device") comprising a first wireless interface 21, and an intermediate device 30 comprising a wireless interface 31 and a second wireless interface 32.

[0071] The number of wireless interfaces shown for each device is provided for illustrative purposes only. Generally, it is understood that any device in the system can include any number of wireless interfaces. However, as explained in this document, the number of wireless interfaces for each device can be taken into account when positioning the intermediate device, particularly when selecting a recommended position for the intermediate device.

[0072] The first communication device can be a primary access point, a wireless router, or any other device providing network connectivity to other devices in the wireless network. The second communication device can be a terminal, another access point, or any other target device with which communication is desired. Finally, the intermediate device can be an integral part of the wireless network or can be added to the wireless network as an auxiliary element: it can be a repeater, an extender, a gateway, an additional access point, or a mesh network node intended to be placed between the first and second devices.

[0073] The second communication device can be real or virtual. In the latter case, the second device can be chosen from a plurality of candidate second devices, which differ from each other in their characteristics, such as the type of wireless technology used, the generation of the technology (for example, Wi-Fi 4, 5, 6), or the number of antennas available.

[0074] The intermediate device can also be real or virtual and, as such, can be chosen from a plurality of candidate intermediate devices, which differ from each other in their characteristics, such as the type of wireless technology used, the generation of the technology (for example, Wi-Fi 4, 5, 6), or the number of antennas available.

[0075] Although this document focuses more specifically on describing an interaction between a first device, a second device, and an intermediate device, it is understood that more complex scenarios are possible. For example, the same intermediate device can be configured to communicate with several primary devices and / or several secondary devices. Similarly, a primary device can be configured to communicate with one or more intermediate devices as well as with one or more secondary devices, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediate devices. Likewise, a secondary device can be connected to one or more wireless networks and thus configured to communicate with one or more primary devices. The principles set forth in this document for interactions between a primary device, a secondary device, and an intermediate device are also applicable by a person skilled in the art, without modifications other than routine ones, to any of these more complex scenarios.

[0076] The second communication device may be part of the wireless network or external to it. If it is part of the wireless network, it may be a terminal (such as a smartphone or laptop) or another access point, such as an additional access point used to extend network coverage. If the second device is external, it may be, for example, a sensor or an IoT device that uses another type of connection (such as Bluetooth or Zigbee) and interacts with the wireless network via the intermediate device when the latter is capable of using both types of connection and fulfilling a gateway function.

[0077] From the point of view of the intermediate device, two wireless links can be considered.

[0078] A "first wireless link" or "backhaul," "BH" in [Fig. 1], is defined between the intermediate device and the first communication device, which belongs to the wireless network. The first wireless link is generally based on the same technology as that used by the main network (for example, a Wi-Fi link between a repeater and the home router).

[0079] A “second wireless link”, or “fronthaul”, “FH” on the [Fig.1] is defined between the intermediate device and the second communication device, which may or may not belong to the wireless network.

[0080] For example, if the second communication device is part of the same wireless network (such as a computer connected to a repeater), the second wireless link can also be a Wi-Fi connection.

[0081] For example, if the second device uses another technology or belongs to another network (for example, a Zigbee or Bluetooth sensor), the second wireless link can be established using another technology (such as Zigbee), and the intermediate device then plays a role in converting between the two networks.

[0082] These two wireless links can each be uplink and / or downlink, depending on the direction of the data transmitted between them. the first communication device, the intermediate device, and the second communication device.

[0083] Intermediate device technologies (such as repeaters) can vary depending on several technical aspects.

[0084] Intermediate devices using MIMO (“Multiple Input Multiple Output”) technology include a set of antennas and circuits enabling the simultaneous transmission and reception of several data streams.

[0085] Dual-band intermediate devices use two frequency bands (often 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz) to provide flexible wireless coverage and distribute data between the bands, for example according to congestion, capacity and the needs of the devices concerned.

[0086] Tri-band intermediate devices add a third frequency band, often a second 5 GHz band or a band dedicated to backhaul. This configuration allows one band to be dedicated solely to the backhaul link, while the other two bands handle connections to the second devices.

[0087] Quad-band intermediate devices use four separate bands, often divided between 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz (two bands) and 6 GHz (in the case of Wi-Fi 6E). These intermediate devices offer maximum capacity, with, for example, one band dedicated to backhaul and three others for terminal connections, which is particularly useful in dense environments or large infrastructures.

[0088] It is understood that dual-, tri-, or quad-band operation of the intermediate device is most advantageous when the first device is also compatible with such dual-, tri-, or quad-band operation. Indeed, the ability to utilize all frequency bands to maximize performance depends on the compatibility of the first device. Even if the second device is only capable of single-band operation, the additional band(s) can thus be used for the backhaul connection, thereby contributing to improved network performance.

[0089] In [Fig. 1], the first device 10 is equipped with two interfaces 11, 12, and the intermediate device is also equipped with two interfaces 31, 32, indicating dual-band operation, meaning that each device can transmit and receive data on two distinct frequency bands (for example, 2.4 GHz via interfaces 12, 32 and 5 GHz via interfaces 11, 31). The backhaul (BH) link is established between interface 11 of the first communication device and interface 31 of the intermediate device. The fronthaul (FH) link, on the other hand, is established between interface 31 of the intermediate device and an interface 21 of the second communication device, which is shown here as single-band. Single-band means that the second device is configured to communicate only on a specific frequency band.

[0090] In addition to the number of frequency bands used, another distinction between existing intermediate devices concerns the nature of the electronic circuit(s), or "chipset" in English, integrated into these intermediate devices.

[0091] Some intermediate devices are equipped with a dedicated circuit for each frequency band used in the network. This means that a specific portion of the frequency band is allocated to each dedicated circuit, allowing for more efficient management of wireless links. For example, in the 5 GHz frequency band, which is subdivided into several channels, several dedicated circuits can be configured, each using a corresponding portion of these channels. A first dedicated circuit might, for example, cover a lower portion of the frequency band, for example, from channel 36 to channel 64, while a second dedicated circuit might, for example, cover a higher portion of the frequency band, for example, from channel 100 to channel 128. All or part of the channels managed by one of the dedicated circuits can also be allocated to the backhaul link, while all or part of the channels managed by the other dedicated circuit can be allocated to the fronthaul link.Such a configuration allows for improved interference management and increased performance by separating the backhaul and fronthaul links on different parts of the same frequency band... .

[0092] Other intermediate devices use a shared circuit between the different links, which prevents a frame from being transmitted or received on the backhaul while a frame is being transmitted or received on the fronthaul. Such a shared circuit can reduce production costs but result in a slight performance loss, particularly in environments where the links must be managed simultaneously in several frequency bands.

[0093] As is well known, the positioning of intermediate devices such as Wi-Fi repeaters in a home network often relies on empirical considerations based on the Wi-Fi coverage of the first communication device. An intermediate device must be positioned in an area where it receives an adequate signal from the first communication device in order to effectively retransmit it to another target area of ​​the network. Positioning is often recommended midway between the first device and the area to be covered, but always in a region where the connection to the first device remains stable and sufficient.

[0094] For example, if the second communication device is located in a distant room, it is recommended to place the intermediate device in an intermediate area where it can receive a sufficiently strong signal from the first device, while remaining close enough to extend coverage to the second device. If the intermediate device is placed in an area where the Wi-Fi signal from the first If the device is too weak or non-existent, the overall performance of the network is severely impacted, and the intermediate device cannot effectively fulfill its function.

[0095] In practice, after the intermediate device has been installed, a visual indicator (for example, an indicator light) can be used to help the user adjust its position. A steady light can indicate that the position is optimal, while a flashing light can indicate a signal that is too weak or too strong, requiring adjustment of the intermediate device's position.

[0096] Other known approaches involve positioning the intermediate device within a distance range defined by a target value and a tolerance, or by a minimum and a maximum value relative to the first device. These values ​​can be expressed in absolute terms (e.g., meters) or in relative terms (e.g., "approximately halfway between the first and second devices"). They can be set by default or adjusted based on specific measurements, such as the signal quality observed just before a drop in throughput. These methods aim to ensure optimal Wi-Fi coverage while minimizing dead zones in the wireless network environment.

[0097] Known methods of positioning intermediate devices in a home wireless network are often simple and empirical, and generally do not take into account the complexity of the real environment, the obstacles present, or performance parameters such as signal attenuation, capacity or stability of wireless links, which may limit their effectiveness in certain scenarios.

[0098] In addition to the empirical methods mentioned above, it is also possible to use radio engineering studies to determine the optimal positioning of intermediate devices in a wireless network. These studies are commonly used in more complex environments, such as the deployment of public Wi-Fi networks (in shopping malls, airports, public spaces) or enterprise networks.

[0099] A radio engineering study may include several steps to choose the best positioning of intermediate devices, including site mapping, obstacle analysis, radio coverage simulation, radio frequency parameter optimization and field validation.

[0100] These techniques, while effective, require specialized human intervention and thorough prior analysis, making them costly and complex to implement, especially in constantly evolving environments such as smart homes. They are better suited to fixed, large-scale deployments.

[0101] The proposed technique differs fundamentally from all previously described known techniques. Indeed, rather than relying on empirical methods or radio engineering studies requiring extensive human intervention, the proposed technique makes it possible to automatically determine the recommended position of an intermediate device by taking into account, for at least one candidate position: at least one initial performance parameter of the first wireless link (backhaul) between the first communication device and the intermediate device when the intermediate device is in the candidate position, and at least one second performance parameter of the second wireless link (fronthaul) between the intermediate device and the second communication device when the intermediate device is in the candidate position.

[0102] At least one first performance parameter and at least one second performance parameter may be distinct, i.e. at least one first performance parameter does not indicate the performance of the second wireless link and conversely at least one second performance parameter does not indicate the performance of the first wireless link.

[0103] The at least one first performance parameter and the at least one second performance parameter may include at least one combined performance parameter indicating the joint performance of the first link and the second link.

[0104] By taking into account the performance parameters of these two wireless links to determine the recommended position of the intermediate device, the proposed technique can facilitate positioning the intermediate device in such a way as to simultaneously improve the connectivity of the intermediate device with the first device (backhaul) and the connectivity of the intermediate device with the second device (fronthaul). This can provide not only good signal reception by the intermediate device, but also optimal transmission quality to the second device, while minimizing dead zones and maximizing overall network performance.

[0105] Two scenarios must be considered regarding the role of the second device for the proposed technique.

[0106] In the first scenario, the second communication device is a real device, physically installed in an environment intended to be covered by the wireless network. This device already benefits from a certain network coverage provided by the first communication device in an initial state.

[0107] The initial state may be a state where no intermediate device is present, i.e., the network coverage depends solely on the range of the first device. In this case, the second communication device receives a signal directly from the first device, and the performance of the link (e.g., signal quality, throughput, etc.) may be insufficient, especially in areas far from the first device.

[0108] The initial state may alternatively be a state where at least one intermediate device is already present in some position, providing an extension of the initial coverage of the first device. In this case, the second device potentially benefits from an improved connection thanks to the presence of the intermediate device, but the location of the latter may not be optimized to guarantee the best possible link performance.

[0109] In this configuration, the recommended position is a position of a new or existing intermediate device that improves connectivity for the second actual communication device.

[0110] In the second scenario, the second communication device is virtual or hypothetical, meaning that it is intended to be installed later in the home environment. The home environment has at least one area without network coverage provided by the first communication device in its initial state. In other words, the range of the first device does not fully cover the environment, leaving areas without available signal.

[0111] The second virtual device is intended to be placed in one of these coverage-free areas, in order to enable connectivity in that region of the environment.

[0112] In this configuration, the recommended position of the intermediate device is a position of a new or existing intermediate device that provides network coverage in the target area where the second virtual device is intended to be installed.

[0113] Fig. 2 shows a possible example of a communication system suitable for implementing the technique proposed in the first scenario described.

[0114] The communication system shown comprises a first communication device 10 and a second communication device 20 in a domestic environment. Several candidate positions la, 1b, le, Id, le, If, 1g, and Ih for positioning an intermediate device (not shown) are also indicated in the domestic environment. In the example considered, the candidate positions are arbitrarily placed at distance increments of 3 meters from the first device: position la is located 3 meters from the first device, while position Ih is located 24 meters from the first device.

[0115] A "performance parameter" of a wireless link means any value that allows for the evaluation of at least one aspect related to the performance of the wireless link or of at least one device involved in that link. Such a performance parameter provides quantifiable information on the state of a connection between the devices involved in the wireless link.

[0116] There are different ways to characterize a wireless link, for example according to at least one characteristic of a signal transmitted via the wireless link and / or according to at least one network requirement. Thus, performance parameters can be grouped into different categories according to the aspect of communication they measure.

[0117] For example, a performance parameter related to a static aspect of at least one relevant device may include at least one of the following: a circuit type (dedicated or shared) at the intermediate device level, a multi-band capability (single-band, dual-band, tri-band or quad-band) of the relevant devices, compatibility with a given generation of Wi-Fi, and a combination of several of the above.

[0118] These parameters reflect the intrinsic capabilities of the devices, that is, what they can do by construction or design. For example, a device configured with tri-band capability can, in theory, use three frequency bands simultaneously. These characteristics are generally fixed by the hardware used and do not change depending on the network configuration or environmental conditions.

[0119] As a corollary, a performance parameter related to a physical characteristic of the link may include at least one of the following: a modulation and coding scheme, or MCS, a number of simultaneous spatial streams (e.g., 1, 2, 3, or 4), a Wi-Fi generation used, and a combination of several of the aforementioned elements.

[0120] These parameters describe what the devices are actually configured to do, that is, what they are doing or are capable of doing in a given context. For example, even if a device has tri-band capability, it may be configured to use only one band under certain conditions, depending on channel availability, network congestion, or the link management strategy. These parameters can therefore vary depending on the network configuration, communication conditions, and decisions made by network management algorithms.

[0121] The aforementioned parameters are linked to a given device.

[0122] If one of these parameters specifically relates to the second communication device, then that parameter is linked to the second link (fronthaul). By For example, if we consider the Wi-Fi generation used by the second device (e.g., Wi-Fi 5 or Wi-Fi 6), this parameter directly affects the capabilities of the second link, as it describes the technology the second device is using to communicate with the intermediate device. The performance of the second link depends on the second device's ability to fully utilize available resources, such as modulation schemes and the number of spatial streams.

[0123] If one of these parameters relates to the intermediate device, then it may be a performance parameter of the first link (backhaul) and also an identical parameter for the second link (fronthaul). Indeed, the intermediate device acts as a relay between the first and second devices, and its technical characteristics can simultaneously influence both links.

[0124] For example, certain capabilities of the intermediate device, such as the type of circuit (dedicated or shared), directly influence the performance of the two links because they determine how the signal is processed, transmitted and received in each direction (towards the first device and towards the second device).

[0125] For example, consider a scenario where the same modulation and coding scheme (MCS) is used by the intermediate device for both the first and second links. For the first link, the MCS affects how the intermediate device communicates with the first communication device. If the intermediate device is capable of supporting an advanced modulation scheme (e.g., 256-QAM), this directly influences the performance of the backhaul link. Similarly, for the second link, the same modulation and coding scheme determines the quality of communication between the intermediate device and the second communication device. Thus, the same parameter (MCS) can be applied to both the first and second links, since the intermediate device acts as a common communication point between the two links.

[0126] Other examples of intermediate device parameters may affect only one link between the first and second links. For example, if the intermediate device has separate interfaces for communication on the first and second links, then the transmit power of the communication interface used specifically for the first link may differ from the transmit power of the communication interface used specifically for the second link. These transmit powers are examples of parameters that may be related to only one link between the first and second links. Indeed, if the transmit power is set to optimize communication with the first device, this does not necessarily affect the transmit power of the interface used for the second link.

[0127] For example, a performance parameter related to the quality of a transmitted signal may include at least one of: the strength of the transmitted signal, the clarity of the transmitted signal, an indicator of the presence or absence of interference affecting the link, an indicator of the presence or absence of a physical obstacle affecting the link, the stability of the transmitted signal, and a combination of several of the above.

[0128] These parameters reflect the state of the signal as it is actually transmitted between the communication devices. They indicate what is happening at the time of transmission. These parameters can vary depending on environmental conditions and network configuration, and they reflect the actual quality of communication between the devices.

[0129] These parameters reflect the state of an individual wireless link (e.g., backhaul or fronthaul). They allow for the evaluation of the real-time communication quality between two devices and are therefore directly associated with each link taken independently.

[0130] For example, the RSSI, or "received signal strength indicator," measures the strength of the received signal in dBm. A higher RSSI indicates a stronger signal.

[0131] For example, the SNR or "signal-to-noise ratio" in English refers to the difference between the RSSI and a noise level N. A higher SNR indicates better clarity, because the noise is less important compared to the signal strength.

[0132] For example, a performance parameter related to a data transmission may include at least one of the following: a physical, i.e. raw, transmission and / or reception throughput, an effective throughput, i.e. after possible error correction, transmission and / or reception, a latency or transmission delay via the wireless link, a variability of such latency, a stability of the transmitted signal over a given period, and a combination of several of the aforementioned elements.

[0133] These parameters reflect the quality of data transmission between communication devices. They indicate what is observed during the sending and receiving of data. These parameters allow for an assessment of the actual performance of one or more links based on real transmission conditions.

[0134] These parameters also reflect the performance of an individual wireless link (e.g., backhaul or fronthaul), as they allow for the evaluation of the quality and performance of data transmission over a specific link between two devices. Each The connection can be measured separately to determine its ability to meet transmission requirements.

[0135] For example, a performance parameter related to overall wireless network management may include at least one of: a theoretical data throughput capacity, network efficiency, network energy performance, overall operational efficiency of the wireless network (e.g., energy consumption of the intermediate device and / or the network as a whole, and / or an ability to efficiently manage network resources), and a combination of several of the above.

[0136] These parameters relate to the overall capacity of the network to operate optimally. They indicate what the network as a whole is capable of supporting. Unlike the individual characteristics of devices or links, these parameters reflect the collective performance and efficiency of the network as a whole, taking into account available resources and their utilization.

[0137] In other words, these parameters relate to the combination of all links in the wireless network. They indicate the collective performance and efficiency of the network as a whole, including how the backhaul and fronthaul links interact to maximize throughput, stability, and energy efficiency. These parameters provide an overview of the network's ability to deliver optimal performance and effectively manage available resources.

[0138] If the network is limited to the first communication device, the intermediate device, and the second communication device, then estimating an overall network performance parameter amounts to estimating a joint parameter of the first link (backhaul) and the second link (fronthaul). In this case, the overall network performance is directly influenced by the performance of the two links. For example, a weakness in one of the links (backhaul or fronthaul) directly affects the overall performance, since there are no other links to compensate for this weakness.

[0139] The same applies if the network can be considered solely as the first device, the intermediate device, and the second device, that is, when the links between these devices are the only significant links in the network. This can occur in situations where the other devices present in the network have only a marginal function and do not significantly affect the network's performance (for example, passive devices or devices that do not participate in the main links), or in situations where the performance of the other links in the network is negligible compared to the backhaul and fronthaul links in question.

[0140] In such a context, the overall network performance depends solely on the combined performance of the first and second links, as they constitute the main communication channels. This means that any improvement to one of the links directly impacts the overall network efficiency, while any degradation in one of the links leads to a decrease in overall performance.

[0141] Performance parameters can be obtained in different ways.

[0142] For example, a human-machine interface can be provided to allow a user to directly intervene to provide performance parameters. Such a method is useful when network characteristics depend on specific user preferences or needs, which cannot always be easily predicted or automatically measured. Here are some examples. The user can indicate whether they perceive connectivity problems in certain areas, for example, before positioning intermediate equipment, or after positioning the intermediate equipment in a candidate location. For example, using an application, the user can report locations where coverage is insufficient. Such an indication can then be translated into an estimate of the RSSI.

[0143] Direct measurement of performance parameters can be used to assess the state of links in a wireless network. These measurements can be performed by the network devices themselves, which collect data, for example, in real time or periodically. For instance, a repeater can measure the RSSI of the link to the station to assess the quality of the corresponding wireless link and thus help determine whether the repeater is correctly positioned or if its location needs to be adjusted. Physical throughput can also be measured directly by the devices involved, indicating the raw performance of the link in terms of data transmission and reception speed. For example, when installing a repeater, measuring the throughput at a station can be used to determine the combined quality of the backhaul and fronthaul, and therefore the effectiveness of the repeater placement.Indicators such as the retransmission rate can also be used to assess the stability of a wireless connection.

[0144] It is also possible to predict performance parameters, particularly when at least one relevant wireless link has not yet been established and / or when no measurement data is available for at least one relevant wireless link. For example, in the second scenario described, where the second device is virtual or at least treated as hypothetical, it is appropriate to implement a prediction of at least one performance parameter of the second wireless link or at least one combined performance parameter of the first and second wireless links. Nomographs can, for example, be used to estimate link performance based on data Empirical or theoretical methods can be used. For example, nomograms can be used to predict the potential throughput of a link between a repeater and a base station based on distance and equipment type (Wi-Fi 5, Wi-Fi 6, etc.). The Friis formula, for instance, can be used to estimate signal attenuation between two devices based on distance and link frequency. It allows calculation of the power received by a given device (e.g., the power received by the intermediate device from the first device), which can then be translated into RSSI. Alternatively, more complex predictive models based on mathematical formulas using variables such as noise (N), measured RSSI, and the modulation type used can be applied to predict performance parameters.

[0145] Once the performance parameters have been obtained for at least one candidate position, the recommended position is selected taking into account these performance parameters.

[0146] When only one candidate position exists, one objective may be to determine, taking into account at least one criterion, whether this position is suitable for ensuring good performance of both links. The first and second performance parameters may, for example, be compared to thresholds (e.g., a minimum RSSI level and / or a minimum SNR value). In such a scenario, if both performance parameters satisfy at least one criterion (e.g., a sufficiently strong signal and / or absence of interference), then the candidate position may be directly selected as the recommended position. If the performance parameters do not meet the quality thresholds, the candidate position may be rejected, and it may be envisaged that no position will be recommended unless a new determination of the recommended position is made after adjusting at least one criterion.

[0147] When there are several candidate positions (for example, positions la to Ih represented in [Fig.2]), an individual evaluation of the performance parameters of the two links can be provided for each candidate position.

[0148] A comparison can, for example, be made between the different candidate positions. For example, the candidate positions can be ranked according to the performance parameters obtained. For example, a candidate position offering a high RSSI for both links and an optimal SNR can be preferred over another candidate position with lower values. At least one weighting criterion can be applied if certain parameters are considered more important than others. For example, signal stability can be treated as a priority over multi-band capacity. The recommended position can then be selected from among the candidate positions based on the best values ​​of the performance parameters. This selection may also take into account the joint performance of the two links, in particular if a combined performance parameter, related to both the first and second links, is used to evaluate the overall ability of the intermediate device to ensure optimal connectivity between the first and second devices.

[0149] Reference is now made to [Fig.3], which presents a flowchart of a process according to a possible embodiment.

[0150] The method may include a diagnosis, “DIAG”, 100 of a need to position or reposition an intermediate device in order to improve the connectivity of a second device, real or virtual, in a wireless network including a first device. The diagnosis may, for example, be performed automatically using an intelligent diagnostic mechanism that identifies a second device requiring coverage extension. Alternatively, the second device may be easily identified by a user. In the case of saturation caused by a coverage problem, it has been found that the cause is in most cases a single second device.

[0151] The method may include, before or after the diagnostic 100 or simultaneously, obtaining, “OBT CRC DISP 2”, 102 at least one characteristic of the second communication device and / or the second link, particularly in the case of an existing wireless link between the first device and the second device. Several characteristics of the second communication device or the existing link may be obtained automatically, for example, collected, or provided by a user via a human-machine interface, for example the physical data rate of the existing link (in transmission and / or reception), the coding and modulation scheme used, the type and generation of radio technology used, the number of spatial streams that can be supported by the second device, as well as indicators such as the RSSI and / or a noise level.

[0152] In the case of a lack of wireless connection between the second device and the first device, for example, when the second device is intended to be placed in a room without network coverage, obtaining 102 of at least one characteristic of the second communication device may not be possible or may not prove sufficient.

[0153] In such a context, in particular, the method may include obtaining, “OBT HYPO DISP 2”, 104 at least one hypothesis about at least one characteristic of the second device and / or a fictitious link between the first device and the second device. The hypothesis is at least a default value, associated, for example, with a given context. Hypotheses may, for example, be made about parameters such as the RSSI, which may be considered less than a given value depending on the context. less a known or assumed characteristic of the first device (for example, -95 dBm for a first Wi-Fi 5 device with a 4x4 configuration, or -98 dBm for a first Wi-Fi 6 device). It can also be assumed that the second device to be connected has specific characteristics, such as Wi-Fi 6 compatibility and the ability to support two spatial streams.

[0154] The method may also include obtaining, “OBT CRC DISP INTER”, 106, at least one characteristic of the intermediate device, which is intended to be placed between the first and second devices to improve wireless network connectivity. Obtaining the characteristics of the intermediate device may be performed automatically or may be known a priori as an installation specification. For example, the characteristics obtained may include whether the intermediate device has a dedicated or shared chipset for backhaul and fronthaul, the number of spatial streams (e.g., 4x4), the frequency band used for backhaul (e.g., 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz), and the generation of Wi-Fi supported by the device (e.g., Wi-Fi 5 or Wi-Fi 6).

[0155] The method may include a "SELEC PERF / FH + BH" selection 108 of a mathematical formula to be used to determine an end-to-end performance between the first device and the second device based on the performance of the backhaul link and the performance of the fronthaul link, taking into account at least one characteristic of the intermediate device.

[0156] By way of example, the nature of the circuit (shared or dedicated) of the intermediate device can influence the determination of end-to-end performance.

[0157] If the intermediate device has a shared chipset, a half harmonic mean of the backhaul and fronthaul link rates can for example be used to represent the end-to-end rate, in order to take into account the constraint of not being able to transmit simultaneously on the backhaul and the fronthaul.

[0158] If the intermediate device has a dedicated chipset, the residual throughput can for example be estimated by the minimum value between the throughputs of the two backhaul and fronthaul links.

[0159] The method may include a determination, "DET PERF FH / POS", 110 of a fronthaul (FH) link performance formula as a function, at least, of the position of the intermediate device. This estimation can generally be performed using empirical charts or theoretical models based, for example, on the Friis formula, which relates signal attenuation to the distance and frequency of the link. The Friis formula assumes that the waves propagate in a free medium, without obstacles such as walls or furniture, which corresponds to free-space propagation. In order to adapt the Friis formula to a more realistic domestic environment, preliminary assumptions can be made.

[0160] The environment (e.g., an apartment, a detached house, or an office) influences the signal propagation conditions. A concrete apartment with several load-bearing walls can result in much greater signal attenuation than a house with lightweight partitions. Each type of obstacle (e.g., a plaster wall, a concrete wall, a door, an aquarium, etc.) can be associated with a corresponding attenuation coefficient. Friis's formula can be adjusted accordingly by adding correction factors for each type of dwelling. Other factors such as reflections from metallic surfaces, windows, etc., and / or diffractions around wall corners can be taken into account to refine the signal performance estimate.

[0161] The characteristics of the frequency band used can also be considered. Higher frequency bands, such as 5 GHz or 6 GHz (Wi-Fi 6E), tend to be more sensitive to obstacles, with greater attenuation than lower bands, such as 2.4 GHz. This means that a high-band link can be more affected by obstacles (e.g., concrete walls), thus reducing the signal range compared to a lower band, which is less subject to such attenuation.

[0162] In a particular example, the user may be prompted to select a dwelling type from several options (e.g., "detached house with few walls", "apartment with load-bearing concrete walls", etc.) via a configuration interface. Depending on the selected dwelling type, the Friis formula can be adjusted to account for the additional attenuation due to the specific characteristics of the environment. In the case of a detached house, the distance between the intermediate device and the first device can be adjusted by a moderate attenuation (e.g., 3 dB per thin wall). In the case of an apartment, the distance can be adjusted with a higher attenuation (e.g., 10 dB per load-bearing wall) to account for thicker walls.The number of walls between the position of the second device and a given position can be provided by the user or assumed, for example, fixed at a constant value (e.g., 1, 2, or 3) regardless of the given position. Alternatively, a given calculation formula, for example, predetermined or empirical, can be used to calculate the number of walls between the position of the second device and a given position as a function of the distance between the position of the second device and the given position.

[0163] Such adjustments can allow for a refined determination of the fronthaul link performance as a function of the position of the intermediate device in various environments.

[0164] The method may include a determination, “DET PERF BH / POS”, 112, of a backhaul (BH) bond performance formula as a function, at least, of the position of the intermediate device. This estimation can be performed in a similar way to determining the performance of the fronthaul link, but it takes into account the specific characteristics of the link between the first device (e.g., a gateway or router) and the intermediate device.

[0165] The performance of the backhaul link can be influenced by the same parameters described above, namely: distance, frequency band type, and the presence of obstacles that may cause signal attenuation. These parameters can be taken into account in the same way as described for determining the performance of the fronthaul link.

[0166] The method may include obtaining, "OBT POS CAND", 114, at least one candidate position for the intermediate device. Obtaining 114 may include identifying at least one possible location where the intermediate device can be installed to improve connectivity between the first device and the second device.

[0167] For example, one or more candidate positions can be predefined from an environmental map or a plan provided by the user. For example, the user can indicate, via an interface, one or more possible locations where the intermediate device could be placed (such as near electrical outlets, on a given floor, or in certain rooms).

[0168] For example, an algorithm can automatically generate at least one candidate position based on the distance between the first device and the second device. For example, positions can be generated every 3 meters from the first device, up to a maximum distance where a decent signal is still receivable by the intermediate device.

[0169] For example, contextual factors such as the presence of wall outlets or the arrangement of furniture in the home environment can be taken into account in order to suggest one or more practical candidate locations. For example, the algorithm may favor locations near electrical outlets or avoid locations close to sources of electromagnetic noise.

[0170] The method includes a determination, "DET PERF FH", 116, of the fronthaul (FH) link performance parameter between the intermediate device and the second device, when the intermediate device is positioned in a considered candidate position.

[0171] The fronthaul link performance parameter for a candidate location can be determined in several ways. If the intermediate device is already present in the candidate location, the fronthaul link performance can be measured directly by the intermediate device. For example, throughput tests, RSSI and / or noise measurements, and / or a measurement or calculation SNR and / or signal stability measurements can be performed to assess the quality of the connection with the second device. If the intermediate device is not yet in place, the fronthaul link performance can be predicted by applying the aforementioned fronthaul (FH) link performance formula as a function of, at least, the position of the intermediate device.

[0172] The method further includes a determination, “DET PERF BH”, 118, of the backhaul (BH) link performance parameter between the intermediate device and the first device, when the intermediate device is positioned in the candidate position considered. The determination of the backhaul link performance parameter follows a logic similar to that of the fronthaul link.

[0173] In summary, determinations 116 and 118 allow the performance of the fronthaul and backhaul links to be quantified for at least one given candidate position. These determinations can be made from direct measurements (if the device is already in place), from theoretical predictions based on models (for example, the Friis formula), or from combinations of these approaches, depending on the availability of information. Determinations 116 and 118 can be repeated, considering one or more other candidate positions in turn.

[0174] The method may include a selection, "SELEC POS REC", 120, of at least one recommended position of the intermediate device. This selection may correspond to choosing, from among the candidate positions considered previously, the one that provides the best overall performance of the wireless links involving the intermediate device.

[0175] The selection of the recommended position can be made according to several criteria and approaches.

[0176] For example, the recommended position may be the one that maximizes the combined performance of the backhaul (BH) and fronthaul (FH) links. This means that, for each candidate position, the previously determined performance parameters (e.g., throughput, RSSI, SNR) are compared, and the position that provides the best combination is selected. In this case, only one position is chosen as the recommended position.

[0177] The selection of the recommended location can also be based on several criteria simultaneously, such as energy efficiency, connection stability, or physical distance from other devices. A weighting algorithm can be used to assign a different weight to each criterion, depending on user priorities or network requirements.

[0178] Instead of examining each candidate position independently, a collective analysis can be carried out to identify patterns or trends among the candidate positions. For example, it may be useful to group the positions located at a similar distance, and their average performance is assessed before a final decision is made. This helps reduce variations due to isolated anomalies and ensures a more robust selection.

[0179] Several stopping criteria can be considered for selecting the recommended position. For example, if a candidate position achieves a minimum acceptable performance (e.g., a throughput above a certain threshold), it can be selected immediately, without needing to examine all other positions. A maximum number of iterations can be set, beyond which the best position found up to that point is selected.

[0180] A margin of improvement can be defined, beyond which the performance improvement does not justify changing the position. For example, if two candidate positions have similar performance (difference of less than 5%), the one that is easier to install can be selected.

[0181] In some cases, several recommended positions may be selected, for example when there are equivalent configurations in terms of performance. In this case, the user could be asked to choose among these positions based on the practicality of the installation (for example, proximity to a power outlet).

[0182] The selection of the recommended position may also take into account practical constraints, such as the accessibility of the location or the presence of physical obstacles (e.g., furniture). These constraints may be taken into account in the selection algorithm to ensure that the recommended position is not only optimal in terms of performance, but also realistic to implement in the home environment.

[0183] The process may also provide for the absence of selection, “ABS SELEC POS REC”, 122, of any recommended position of the intermediate device, when none of the candidate positions meets the criteria required to be considered recommended. This may occur when none of the candidate positions offers sufficient performance compared to the situation without an intermediate device.

[0184] Several criteria may lead to the absence of a recommended position. An example of an efficiency criterion is the result of a comparison of the network's performance with and without the intermediate device. For example, a minimum performance gain may be required compared to the situation without the intermediate device. For example, a gain greater than a predefined minimum value such as 1.10 or 1.20 may be required, meaning that the network's performance with the intermediate device must be at least 10% to 20% higher than that of the network without the intermediate device. If no candidate position achieves a gain greater than such a predefined minimum value, this means that adding the The intermediate device does not sufficiently improve network performance to justify the resulting increase in energy consumption (typically a few watts). In this case, it is preferable not to recommend a location for the intermediate device, as the improved network performance would not justify the increased energy consumption. Alternatively, if the overall network performance, after adding the intermediate device to a candidate location, does not meet minimum requirements for throughput, stability, and / or coverage, it is possible to stipulate that no location will be provided. For example, if no candidate position allows a throughput higher than a critical value for the proper functioning of an application, for example, uninterrupted video streaming, it can be considered that the installation of the intermediate device is not beneficial for any of the candidate positions considered.

[0185] The method may include a step of providing the result, "FOURN RESUL", 124, either in the form of a recommended position of the intermediate device or an indication of the absence of selection of such a position.

[0186] Once the method has determined at least one recommended position, this information can be provided to the user in various ways. For example, a human-machine interface provided via an application on a smartphone or tablet can display the recommended position intuitively and clearly. For example, the application could provide instructions such as: "Place the repeater on the electrical outlet closest to the point located at 2 / 3 of the distance between the first device and the second device." This allows the user to easily understand where to install the intermediate device.

[0187] In certain scenarios, a map of the home environment can be displayed, with candidate positions and the recommended position highlighted. Such a visual representation can help the user quickly identify the best position for the intermediate device, taking into account the layout of the rooms and any potential obstacles (walls, furniture, etc.).

[0188] A voice notification can be used to guide the user to the recommended position, listing the steps to follow. This can be particularly useful when the user is moving and wants to have their hands free.

[0189] If several recommended positions are provided, the user may be asked to choose one of them based on the practicality of the installation. For example, between two positions equivalent in terms of performance, one might be closer to a power outlet or easier to access, and this information could be communicated to the user.

[0190] If no candidate position meets the necessary criteria to be considered recommended, this information may also be provided to the user. This can be done in various ways. A message might be displayed on a graphical interface, stating, for example, "Adding a repeater will not sufficiently improve network performance in the current configuration." This message might include an explanation of the reasons, such as insufficient improvement compared to the situation without a repeater, or a power limitation. In some cases, suggestions might be provided for improving the situation other than adding an intermediate device. For example, it might be recommended to reposition the first communication device, remove physical obstacles such as furniture, or even consider an alternative technology (e.g., a mesh network) to extend network coverage.

[0191] If the performance of a recommended position is close to a threshold (for example, a gain of 1.10), the user can be warned that the gain is low, and that other solutions, such as readjusting the existing configuration, can be considered.

[0192] If installation restrictions (e.g., lack of power outlet, physical obstacles) make implementation of the recommended position difficult, this can be taken into account in providing the results, by proposing practical alternatives.

[0193] The way in which results are provided can be customized according to user preferences. For example, a user may choose to receive simple instructions if they are unfamiliar with the technical aspects, while a more knowledgeable user may prefer to obtain full details on the performance parameters evaluated, the selection criteria, and the reasons behind a lack of recommendation.

[0194] After providing a recommended location, the method may include a user feedback step (not shown), where the user is asked to confirm the installation of the intermediate device at the recommended location. Once the intermediate device is installed, a real-time evaluation of network performance can be performed to verify the improvement compared to the initial state. If the improvement is insufficient, the necessary actions from among those mentioned above may be repeated to select a new recommended location.

[0195] Reference is now made to Figures 4 and 5, which show a theoretical gain / loss in terms of throughput as a function of the placement of an intermediate device within the coverage area of ​​a wireless network, as well as the characteristics of the second communication device, in particular the number of spatial fluxes, and the placement of the second communication device within the wireless network coverage area. These figures quantitatively illustrate, for a hypothetical example, the importance of the positioning of the intermediate device for improving link performance. wireless. For the purposes of this study, the intermediate device considered is a quad-band shared circuit repeater.

[0196] Figure 4 shows a graph 40, illustrating a scenario in which the distance of the second device from the first device is -85 dBm in a reference situation where no intermediate device is present. This level of signal attenuation represents a significant distance between the second and first devices, potentially leading to poor connection quality in the absence of an intermediate device.

[0197] In [Fig. 4], the x-axis represents different candidate positions of the intermediate device relative to the first device, expressed in terms of distance in dBm. The candidate positions indicate different possible installation locations for the intermediate device in order to improve the quality of the connection with the second device.

[0198] The y-axis indicates the theoretical flow rate gain or loss associated with the positioning of the intermediate device in each candidate position, relative to the reference situation without the intermediate device. The gain is expressed as a ratio between the theoretical flow rate with the intermediate device and the theoretical flow rate without the intermediate device.

[0199] Thus, a gain greater than 1 signifies an improvement in throughput by adding the intermediate device, indicating an improvement in connection quality. A gain less than 1 indicates a loss of throughput, meaning that adding the intermediate device is not beneficial in the candidate position considered.

[0200] The different bar patterns represent the number of spatial flows supported by the second device (1, 2, 3, and 4 spatial flows, respectively). The results show that the flow rate gain varies depending on the position of the intermediate device and the number of spatial flows supported by the second device.

[0201] It is observed that when the second device supports a high number of spatial streams (e.g., 4 spatial streams), the throughput gain is generally higher when the intermediate device is well positioned. This is explained by the increased parallel communication capacity, which fully benefits from the reduced attenuation and improved signal quality provided by a well-positioned intermediate device. When the second device supports a lower number of spatial streams (e.g., 1 spatial stream), the throughput gain is less pronounced. Indeed, with a limited number of streams, the ability to exploit the improved signal quality provided by the intermediate device is reduced. It is apparent that taking into account the characteristics of the second device allows for a more precise recommendation of a position for the intermediate device.A second device capable of supporting multiple spatial flows can achieve a better result. part of the improved connectivity provided by the repeater, thus increasing the overall efficiency of the network.

[0202] Figure 5 shows a graph representing a scenario in which the distance of the second device from the first device is -75 dBm in the absence of any intermediate device. This level of attenuation is less than that of the scenario in Figure 4, suggesting that the second device is relatively closer to the first device, which may allow for better initial connection quality.

[0203] Similar to [Fig.4], the x-axis represents different candidate positions of the intermediate device relative to the first device, expressed in dBm, while the y-axis indicates the gain or loss of flow rate associated with the positioning of the intermediate device in each candidate position.

[0204] In this scenario, the gain / loss is also evaluated as the ratio between the theoretical flow rate with the intermediate device and the theoretical flow rate without the intermediate device. The different bars in graph 50 show the results for the different configurations of the second device in terms of the number of spatial flows.

[0205] By comparing Figures 4 and 5, the effect of the initial distance between the second and first devices on network performance after the addition of the intermediate device can be observed. When the second device is further away (as in [Fig. 4] at -85 dBm), particularly precise placement of the intermediate device is required to achieve a throughput gain. In some cases, if the intermediate device is poorly positioned, the throughput may even be reduced (gain < 1).

[0206] In contrast, in the scenario of [Fig. 5] at -75 dBm, the impact of the positioning of the intermediate device is different. Since the second device is closer to the first device, certain candidate positions of the intermediate device can offer a significant throughput gain, but the potential losses due to poor placement are less pronounced than in the scenario of [Fig. 4]. Industrial application

[0207] These technical solutions can be applied to various types of wireless networks and configurations, covering different communication needs and environments. They are applicable in any situation where the addition of intermediate devices is desirable to provide sufficient network coverage.

[0208] They are particularly suited for use in home local area networks, i.e., networks that allow a residential customer to connect their terminals while at home. These solutions are designed for This method addresses the needs of customers who complain about Wi-Fi coverage problems or for whom the operator has diagnosed the need for a repeater or intermediate device to extend network range. For example, in multi-level homes or homes with thick walls, where the Wi-Fi signal is insufficient to cover all rooms, the proposed method helps find the best location for a repeater to maximize coverage.

[0209] Application examples may include residential environments, such as single-family homes, apartments, or multi-family dwellings, where rapid deployment and simplified installation are desirable. The proposed technique can be used in all Wi-Fi networks consisting of multiple access points (APs) with a Wi-Fi backhaul, such as mesh networks, where it is not always possible for the operator to conduct a full radio engineering study. This includes, for example, the deployment of public Wi-Fi networks in locations such as shopping malls, hotels, train stations, or enterprise networks in offices. In these situations, the proposed technique offers an automated and optimized alternative for determining the best location for a repeater, without requiring systematic human intervention by a radio engineering expert.

[0210] In addition, the proposed technique is also applicable in more complex environments, such as residential mesh networks, multi-device networks, or networks deployed in mobile scenarios (for example in vehicles) or during temporary events.

[0211] This disclosure is not limited to the examples described above, which are merely examples, but encompasses all the variations that a person skilled in the art can consider in the context of the protection sought.

Claims

Demands

1. A computer-implemented method for determining a recommended position of an intermediate device (30) in a wireless communication network comprising at least one first communication device (10) and the intermediate device, the method comprising, for at least one candidate position (la, 1b, le, Id, le, If, 1g, Ih), an evaluation (116) of a first performance parameter of a wireless link between the first communication device and the intermediate device when the intermediate device is positioned in the candidate position, and an evaluation (118) of a second performance parameter of a wireless link between the intermediate device and a second real or virtual communication device (20) when the intermediate device is positioned in the candidate position,the process comprising a selection (120) of the recommended position from among at least one candidate position, taking into account the performance parameters evaluated for at least one candidate position.

2. A method according to the preceding claim, wherein, for a candidate position, the evaluation of the first performance parameter and / or the second performance parameter takes into account, for the link concerned, at least one element from a list comprising: a type of wireless technology, a generation of wireless technology, a number of antennas of at least one device concerned, a signal quality, a data rate capacity, a signal stability, a contribution to network energy performance, a contribution to network efficiency, interference, a physical obstacle.

3. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, for a candidate position, the evaluation of a parameter performance includes, for the link concerned, at least one element from a list including: obtaining the performance parameter via a user interface, predicting the performance parameter taking into account at least one attribute of the link, and determining the performance parameter taking into account a measurement of at least one parameter of a captured signal.

4. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the evaluation of the first performance parameter and / or the second performance parameter is repeated over time for the same candidate position.

5. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the intermediate device is a gateway, a repeater, an additional access point, a node in a mesh network, or an extender.

6. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the wireless communication network conforms to a standard selected from: IEEE 802.11 “Wi-Fi”, IEEE 802.15 “Bluetooth”, 5G, LTE, Zigbee, Z-Wave and LoRaWAN.

7. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the wireless communication network comprises the second communication device.

8. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the link between the intermediate device and the second communication device uses a communication technology different from that used between the first communication device and the intermediate device.

9. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a step of providing an indication by means of an interface, the indication facilitating positioning of the intermediate device in the recommended position.

10. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the method is repeated for a plurality of intermediate devices.

11. A method according to the preceding claim, wherein the selection of recommended positions for the plurality of intermediate devices takes into account the overall performance of the network when intermediate devices are collectively placed in a set of candidate positions.

12. Computer program comprising instructions for carrying out the method according to any one of the preceding claims when this program is executed by a processor.

13. Entity for determining a recommended position of an intermediate device (30) in a wireless communication network comprising at least a first communication device (10) and the intermediate device, the entity comprising a microprocessor configured to: evaluate (116), for at least one candidate position (la, 1b, le, Id, le, If, 1g, Ih), a first performance parameter of a wireless link between the first communication device and the intermediate device when the intermediate device is positioned in the candidate position, evaluate (118), for at least one candidate position, a second performance parameter of a wireless link between the intermediate device and a second real or virtual communication device (20) when the intermediate device is positioned in the candidate position, and select (120) the recommended position from among the at least one candidate position taking into account the performance parameters evaluated for the at least one candidate position.

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