VENTILATION ARRANGEMENT WITH FLAME-RESISTANT PROTECTION FOR BATTERY HOUSING(S), AND ASSEMBLY METHOD

Abstract

The battery case ventilation arrangement (1) includes a mounting body (2) that covers an opening in the case from above and a perimeter of the opening defined by a wall (P) of the case. A channel is provided in the body extending to a cover (3). The channel guides a gaseous exhaust (FG) from inside the case, and the cover can be ejected in the event of high overpressure. A protective grille or component (4), typically metallic and thus thermally resistant, provides fire protection by being positioned under the body (2) opposite the cover. The component (4) includes fasteners (5) that engage inside the case and seal the channel from below while being independently attached to the wall (P) of the case, in order to maintain protection even if the body connecting to the wall (P) at the periphery of the component melts. (See diagram: Figure 2)

Description

Title of the invention: VENTILATION ARRANGEMENT WITH FLAME-RESISTANT PROTECTION FOR ENCLOSURE BATTERY(IES) AND ASSEMBLY METHOD technical field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of battery systems, particularly ventilation equipment for gas evacuation and / or pressure compensation for batteries. More specifically, the invention relates to an arrangement, mounted on the casing of a battery / power supply, which provides ventilation capabilities while offering protection against the risk of flame propagation and melting of plastic components at high temperatures. A method for assembling such a device is also proposed. Technological background

[0002] A pressure compensation device is known from US patent 12100855. This device includes a perforated base, a cover, and a porous membrane positioned beneath the base to allow the passage of gases trapped within a battery module, such as a battery module in a vehicle. In the event of instability (excessive internal pressure), the membrane under the cover rises to such a point that a point on the base of the compensation device pierces the membrane, allowing the gas to escape at a higher flow rate. The cover is loosely mounted in its bracket / support to allow for pressure compensation. A protective screen, in the form of a rigid grid, is positioned beneath the membrane and secured by anchoring screws of the device.This screen forms a flame arrester (spark arrester) and aims to prevent any foreign object from entering the battery module after an overpressure has led to the membrane being punctured and possibly the cover being ejected.

[0003] Such a device provides for a rigid connection of the device. This can pose some Difficulties arise in the event of a rapid temperature increase, particularly if the cover is not ejected or is delayed (even if the membrane has been punctured). Because the plastic cover and base heat up very quickly, to temperatures well above 500°C, for example, around 900 or 1000°C, the plastic materials—even those approved for battery case ventilation devices—melt rapidly, which can cause the parts to detach or disintegrate. In practice, if the grille is not properly secured, incandescent particles, molten metal particles, and / or combustible materials can escape from the case through the grille, potentially igniting flames and causing a fire to spread throughout the vehicle.

[0004] There is therefore a need for ventilation devices of simple design, minimizing the complexity of assembly on the housing wall, preventing the spread of fire in the event of thermal runaway with risks of loss of plastic material, and usable for the pressure compensation of batteries. Summary

[0005] This disclosure improves the situation.

[0006] To this end, a ventilation arrangement for a battery case is proposed, in particular for a case comprising one or more batteries, the arrangement comprising: - a body made of plastic material having a side wall, the body forming a connector which connects by a connection to a wall of the housing in order to cover (from the outside of the housing) an opening provided in / delimited by the wall of the housing; - a channel, provided in the body to guide a gas flow escaping from the housing through the opening along a longitudinal axis of the channel; - a filling element attached to the body, the filling element (or cover) covering the canal on an external side opposite the opening; - a protective part carried by or covering the body in an arrangement underlying the body on an internal side opposite the sealing element, the protective part including or consisting of a structural component (of a mineral type, for example), a central portion of which, providing flame-resistant protection, closes or covers the opening by extending transversely to the longitudinal axis; and - a flange area, supported by or formed on the structural component by extending around the central portion, the flange area being able to be positioned outside the housing by being engaged by the body and / or attached to the body, the flange area allowing the structural component to be pressed against a portion of the edge of the opening (portion of the housing wall); with the particularity that the structural component, metallic or consisting of a heat-resistant refractory material, is chosen from a grid and a gas-permeable shield and includes fastening means which: - are configured to extend and engage under one or more edges of the case wall, opposite the body (side of the wall opposite the body); and - allow, through an anti-retraction effect of the component resulting from the engagement of the fastening means (which corresponds to axial retention by the housing wall), the structural component to lock into a fixed mounting position on the opening. Thanks to this, the structural component can maintain its fixed position, both in the event of destruction of the connection between the body and the housing wall and in the event of melting of the plastic material of the body.

[0007] This locking of the structural flame-arresting (and typically spark-arresting) component by means of integrated fastenings (ultimately resulting in self-locking) provides ease of assembly combined with safety in the event of significant or even total melting of the ventilation unit body. The grille or shield, with its fastening fasteners, can essentially be made of steel, for example with a steel structure whose degradation temperature is significantly higher than 500°C (knowing that steel does not melt at temperatures around 1200°C).

[0008] The structural component can extend outside the housing, except for the retaining ends of the fasteners / fixing means, which allows this component to be easily integrated into a pre-assembled ventilation unit. For example, such a unit can be clipped from the outside, via the grille or shield, directly onto the housing wall, before possibly applying additional clamping force by body fixing elements arranged around the periphery of the duct.

[0009] More broadly, it is understood that the insertion and retention of the fixing means, on the edges of the wall, is carried out by heat-resistant materials (such as steel, or a suitable metallic / refractory component), which allows the structural component to remain attached to the wall in the event of total melting of the housing of the plastic materials covering this component. The body may have a base, typically one adapted to surround or laterally enclose the grid or shield. A watertight seal can be achieved via this base, for example, with at least one gasket carried by the base. The base forms a connecting part that carries an annular sealing element, preferably housed in an internal groove in the base wall or flange, to create an annular seal with the housing. The internal groove may open axially opposite the sealing element (opposite the typically radial sealing portion provided in the cover / sealing element). The longitudinal axis of the channel may be an axis of symmetry or a central axis of the body's base.

[0010] In exemplary embodiments, the fastening means do not interfere with the passage section formed by the opening, or only by running along a boundary edge of this opening. They may each abut against a fastening edge (for example, a shoulder or margin edge of the inner face of the wall) formed in the wall and oriented opposite to the channel, this edge preferably being located adjacent to and / or around the opening. This fastening prevents longitudinal retraction of the structural flame-resistant component on the outer side, while the flange area prevents the component (which is thus wider than the opening) from being pushed inward.

[0011] The fastening means may include parts or extensions of plate made directly from the material with the rest of the structural component, for example by being connected by fold lines / folds or bends. The structural component may have one or more of the following characteristics: - it is made from a single piece; - the flange area can be formed in a continuous or discontinuous annular manner, for example by corresponding to or including a portion of margin allowing the grid or shield to protrude from the opening / by exceeding at least locally the diameter or characteristic dimension of the opening. - the material of the structural component can be single material or composite (ceramic matrix composite or mechanical matrix composite for example, typically without plastic material).

[0012] Optionally, the protective part includes the structural component (typically made of a single piece with a grid or part of a grid forming the central portion) and one or at least two additional peripheral enclosing pieces separate from the central portion. Alternatively, the protective part consists of a single piece forming the structural component. The protective part may consist of a metal grid, with a thickness of millimeters (greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than 6 mm for example).

[0013] In embodiments, the protective part may have one or more of the following features: - the protective part includes or consists of a piece which defines an undeformable radial portion, preferably flat and surmounting the opening. - the shield can be an assembly which combines a first part constituting a grid or an impaction element (for the flame-arresting effect) and a second part for peripheral attachment relative to the first part. - the means of fixation include two or three protruding retaining elements (protruding axially opposite the channel). - the protruding retaining elements each protrude longitudinally from a face of the component oriented opposite to the body / channel, inwards to a blocking part (possibly formed as an end of the protruding retaining elements), to come into axial contact with the inside of the housing wall. - protruding retaining elements can be inserted through the opening. - the locking parts are arranged in a position underlying the wall of the case. - The protruding retaining elements, inserted through the opening, may extend beyond a boundary of the opening and / or may be engaged to position the locking parts in the engaged locking / underlying position against the housing wall. - The protruding retaining elements achieve the locking / allow the structural component to self-lock in the fixed mounting position on the opening. - the locking parts can be spaced axially from a plane passing through the flange area, by a distance approximately equal to the thickness of the housing wall around the opening. - each of the salient elements can be an insertion element inserted axially / longitudinally through the opening (for example in a radially deformed state towards the inside or by crossing an extension zone or lobe of the opening), preferably by being positioned against a circumference zone of the opening, knowing that a rotation (to leave the extension or lobe) or a radially outward pulling effect applies at the end of the insertion.

[0014] The structural component can be rotationally secured to the body by means of fixing devices which are distinct from the protruding retaining elements, for example provided on the side of the channel by being distributed over a periphery of the channel inlet. The metal shield or grille incorporates such secondary fastening methods, for example, in the form of deformed sections directly within a plate / grille that forms part of the structural component. For example, the grille may have bosses that are drilled and cut out, each forming a positioning element capable of receiving an insert provided in the base of the body.

[0015] If necessary, during the mounting of the body on the wall, the component is first stapled, held in place by a rivet, or clipped to the plastic body to secure it at the base. When the component is a grille (or similar part from a plate), it can be clipped or held by clips or staple elements provided on the outermost radial part of the grille / plate. The fastening is robust, and the grille can have narrow openings (for example, slots approximately 0.9 to 3 mm wide), which provides effective fire protection and a barrier effect against incandescent particles that could—in the event of a channel cover failure—be propelled directly from inside the housing to the outside.Stainless steel, steel with an anti-corrosion coating or treatment, or possibly an aluminum-based material can constitute the grid (or the component adapted for this separation against sparks and flame arrestor effect).

[0016] In exemplary embodiments, the body is fixed to said wall by fastening parts that establish the connection (body-housing connection) around the periphery of the grille or shield and allow the structural component (e.g., grille sandwiched) to be compressed between an annular axial face of the body (preferably the base of the body) and the wall of the housing. Where applicable, the fastening parts, which optionally include screws or connecting elements that use auxiliary mounting holes, may allow for a removable connection and typically reuse of the body (e.g., in the event of a defect found in the housing) or replacement of the ventilation unit. The grid or structural component may include positioning elements, hollow and oriented opposite to the fastening means for retaining the structural component, allowing the body (on the component) to be locked in position before making the connection (to the wall) by cooperating with pins or inserts carried by the body. Preferably, the pins or inserts each engage with a clamping force in a cavity of a corresponding positioning element, typically with a first level of insertion into the cavity.

[0017] The grid, or plate element forming the structural component, can be sufficiently clamped (axially by the body for a flush fit against the housing / wall) during a clamping action exerted when establishing the connection to: - lock the first level of insertion or allow additional axial penetration of the pins or insert into said cavities, with a second level of insertion into the cavity; and - to make the grid and the body fixed and secure to each other without the possibility of movement in the fixed mounting position on the opening, even in the event of subsequent removal or destruction of the means of fixing the connection.

[0018] In examples of embodiments of protruding fasteners or retaining elements for retaining the flame-arresting component, at least one of the following arrangements is provided: - a clip-on attachment of the component. - the protruding retaining elements each carry or include a clip allowing the protective part to be fitted without rotation. - a component connection that cannot be unlocked from the outside or while the body covers the component (but possibly unlockable from the inside / by having access to the inside of the wall). - the retaining elements can be distributed around the circumference of the opening, for example at 120° when there are three of them (the use of three clips (or more) limits the hardness of the clipping while obtaining an effective and robust retaining). Regardless of the number of protruding retaining elements carried by the structural component, the angular spacing between two retaining elements can be a minimum of 80°.

[0019] In one embodiment, the arrangement which includes the wall having a delimitation (generally circular preferably) of the opening, has a means of rotational fixing of the structural component relative to the wall, while the body may have anti-rotation fixing and positioning parts / preventing rotation of both the body and the structural component. Typically, the two or three protruding retaining elements are part of a rotating connection assembly, preferably a bayonet connection assembly, using flanges or grooves provided on the housing wall. The rotating connection assembly can lock the fixed mounting position when the component is rotated around an axis of the opening, which is preferably aligned with or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the duct. This type of connection allows, if necessary, the ventilation unit to be separated from the housing, if required, by disconnecting / detaching the parts or fasteners that complete the assembly, such as by unscrewing screws located around the periphery of the duct and around the structural component.

[0020] According to one particular feature, the wall (which is part of the arrangement) is sandwiched between the flange area (external side) and the locking portions (internal side) forming the end caps of the protruding retaining elements. The structural component includes a grid with openings at least 0.5 mm in size and preferably up to 5 mm (for example, with a narrow and elongated geometry of these openings). The grid may include the flange area within an annular margin portion of the grid that directly overlaps the wall of the housing. The protruding retaining elements may be provided within a margin area cut out over an angular sector, typically a sector not exceeding 5 or 10°. The retaining elements protrude, for example, from a fold. The protruding elements may be elastically deformable to allow the grid / structural component to be clipped into place.

[0021] Regardless of the structure designed to achieve the retention effect on the underside of the grille (opposite the channel defined by the body), it is understood that the ventilation flame-arresting grille / structural component can also be attached to the body, preferably by being supported by the body, even if the latter may have a removable connection to the battery case made separately from the retention provided by the grille. The retention, by means of clipping or other fastening using retaining elements projecting inwards, is achieved so that the grille remains intact (without separation of these retaining elements from the rest of the grille) and attached to the battery case when the cover connector component (ventilation unit) is melted. It is preferable for the grille to have several retaining elements that grip internally against the perimeter of the housing opening, without the grille plate penetrating the housing. This type of fastening is achieved without additional external parts designed separately from the grille or similar structural components, and can typically be obtained without welding and / or without weaknesses (thinning) that could lead to the detachment of part of the grille.

[0022] In embodiments of the arrangement, one or more of the following features are provided: - the protective part is in one piece which constitutes / defines the grid, possibly without forming any accessible part (on the side of the channel / exterior) or even visible when this protective part is covered by the body and the channel is closed by the closing element. - the body and the structural component are fixed to each other to form a pre-assembled ventilation unit, which extends along the longitudinal axis between a first axial end through which the sealing element is mounted and a second axial end forming a face, preferably substantially flat, which includes the inner face of the grille. - the fixing means are distributed at different angular positions on a peripheral area of ​​this inner face. - the grid is flat or planar at least in the central portion. - the fastening means comprise two or three protruding retaining elements (and more broadly at least two) which are joined to the inner face (preferably a flat face), by a fold area delimited between two cut edges. - the fold area is approximately perpendicular to the two cut edges. - the folds or fold areas are made in such a way as to locally reduce a radial extension of the inner face. - an edge of the opening, preferably circular, is located directly above the folds, fold areas or junction lines with the retaining elements.

[0023] According to one particular feature, the body of the arrangement carries the obturation element in a removable manner. Preferably, the obturation element is mobile or removable longitudinally relative to the body, typically by currently covering the canal with a radial portion of the obturation element. The obturation element can form an emergency cover capable of being burst, ejected, or moved further away from the canal (to open a passage allowing the massive escape of a gas flow in case of thermal runaway). By being attached elastically or loosely so as to be able to jump away from the body or move significantly away, this obturation element can very quickly open an axial outlet of the canal (an outlet located far from / intended to be opposite the structural component) when an overpressure threshold is reached or exceeded in the canal.

[0024] In some embodiments, the mounting of the sealing element may be provided with: - a one-piece plastic construction to form the cover / sealing element. - the body which can be partially inserted into an internal volume of the hood / sealing element, typically delimited by the hood skirt, or alternatively surround a hood skirt. - an elastic interlocking of the obturation element with respect to the body, so that the body can axially retain the hood, for example by using reliefs or lugs carried by a skirt of the hood or removable part forming the obturation element, in an obturation / protection of the canal configuration. Alternatively, the body may feature at least one internal or external relief for retaining the shutter element. It is understood that the radial portion and / or a skirt of the shutter element may be perforated in certain options.

[0025] In embodiments of the arrangement, the obturation element consists of a one-piece molded plastic cap / cover, preferably without an elastically deformable / flexible part in the obturation part that plugs the channel.

[0026] The obturator element can be ejected due to pressure buildup in the canal, which is not the case for the housing and the connection support (with the body) mounted on the housing, given that the gas flow can escape massively (at very high flow rates, for example) from the housing via the canal. Alternatively, a perforated cover forming the obturator element can remain in place, providing a large overall passage area, the passageways being able to include axial passage orifices offset from the canal and overlapping (opposite) an annular peripheral fixation zone or region.

[0027] In some embodiments, the grid has openings distributed in groups of regularly spaced openings, each having a slot shape (with the same spacing between two adjacent openings within a group). The openings have, for example, a dimension of at least 0.5 mm, for example reaching or exceeding 2 or 3 mm, for example with openings reaching or exceeding 10 mm (or even 30 mm, at least for the largest dimension).

[0028] The side wall of the body may have an inner skirt that forms an upper groove around the channel, opening upwards / opposite the opening in the housing wall. The body connects to the opening in the housing without being inserted into it, and is secured by at least two anchoring holes provided in the wall around the perimeter of the opening (spaced apart from the opening, which may be a simple / non-partitioned opening). Axial passages can be common / aligned within the body assembly, with the protective gridded portion extending beneath a channel partition structure that forms an integral part of the body. When a gas-permeable membrane is incorporated into the device, it can be supported (directly or indirectly) by the body by blocking the channel, the membrane being able to constitute a filtration part capable of retaining dust.

[0029] The body may be made of a rigid material, possibly plastic, which is devoid of radial or closing portions, except perhaps for thin partitions. More generally, the body is provided with a side wall surrounding the gas flow area and is configured to connect, removably or permanently, to the housing at / on the housing opening.

[0030] According to one particular feature, the device may include a gas-permeable membrane, supported by the body and sealing the channel opposite the metallic filter medium. This membrane constitutes a filtration element. The membrane, if present, may be attached to the connection support formed by the body (body base), typically via the top corresponding to a side opposite the metallic filter medium. The membrane may be kept separate from the component (the protective plate or grid) by partitions provided in the channel. The membrane is flexible and has a fragile part so that it no longer obstructs the canal in a perforated or burst state of the membrane obtained in case of overpressure in the canal beyond an overpressure threshold.

[0031] Typically, the connection base belongs to a first pre-assembled part, including the body, any membrane, grid, or structural / shield component (preferably metallic) underlying the body, while the obturation element corresponds to a second pre-assembled part. The second part is mounted onto the first part and remains attached to it until an overpressure threshold is reached, the attachment resulting from a snap-fit ​​or snap-fit ​​that resists pressure variations in the channel in a normal operating mode (distinct from an emergency mode).

[0032] The body, for example provided with separating partitions, may optionally be made in one piece. The body has an end or upper / distal face of the contact joint with the housing / housing wall. The annular lateral wall of the body, serving to form the circumference of the channel, may extend longitudinally around a central axis between the flange or base which allows anchoring to the housing, typically having a lower surface substantially flat and perpendicular to the central axis, and an annular edge axially distal to the opening of the housing.

[0033] In embodiments allowing the structural component (which is preferably flat) to be arranged parallel to a plane of the opening, one or more of the following features are provided: - the obturation element includes a radial portion which forms a barrier covering axially the canal, possibly without an opening crossing the radial portion. - the ventilation arrangement includes, opposite the channel, a piercing element, carried by one of the obturation element and the body, to perforate or burst a membrane placed in the channel in case of overpressure in the channel beyond an overpressure threshold. - Anchoring fasteners for the protective plate or structural component are arranged in an annular area overlapping with the edge of the opening provided in the housing wall, this annular area surrounding the openings of the component and being surrounded by the annular gasket or sealing element of the ventilation arrangement. With these provisions, it is possible to create a compact arrangement, at the level of a housing opening, with a channel (with or without a diaphragm) protected from contamination by a sealing element to ensure pressure compensation (in normal operating mode) while also providing safety in an emergency mode with a massive gas leak, by ensuring that the diaphragm is punctured and / or the sealing element is ejected. This is typically achieved by avoiding keeping the sealing element in the path of very hot gas: this prevents (through ejection) the melting of plastic parts (of which the sealing element is made), and the structural component can effectively prevent or delay the formation of flames.

[0034] According to another aspect, a method of assembling a ventilation device or arrangement is proposed which has a flame-arresting effect while minimizing the risks of loss of protection in the area through which a gas flow must escape in an emergency (for prolonged protection against the risk of fire and dripping of molten plastic material inside the housing).

[0035] To this end, a method is proposed for assembling a ventilation arrangement for a battery case, using a gas-permeable grid or shield suitable for mounting under a body (made of plastic material) intended to equip the battery case, the body delimiting a channel forming an outlet accessible via an opening in the case when the body is fixed with axial clamping to a wall of the case by a connection to cover the opening, a sealing element covering the channel while allowing compensating gas exchanges and / or emergency gas evacuation, the method comprising the steps consisting essentially of: - choosing the structural component formed by the grid or shield, metallic or consisting of a heat-resistant refractory material, so that it has a geometry and dimensioning suitable for a flame-arresting function by being able to cover most or all of the opening; - to perform an initial fixing of the structural component formed by the grid or shield to the body, by positioning it underneath the body opposite one of the channel outlets to allow the evacuation of gas from the casing (evacuation can even be done at high flow rates in preferred options, thanks to a removal of the sealing element); - to create a second fixing, preceding or following the first fixing, to connect the structural component to a boundary wall of the opening, firstly by resting it against the wall on an external side of the housing via a flange area provided in the structural component, and secondly by engaging fixing means, carried by the structural component under said housing wall, opposite the body, to axially grip the inside of this housing wall; and the method allowing, after the first fixing and the second fixing, the structural component to be axially locked in a fixed mounting position on the opening and in a flame-resistant position of the channel, the fixing means belonging to the structural component so that the latter can maintain the fixed mounting position on the opening both in the event of destruction of the connection with axial clamping of the body on the housing wall and in the event of melting of the plastic material of the body.

[0036] The arrangement can maintain its protective effect even under very high temperature conditions. Optionally, this arrangement can be achieved by providing a pre-assembled ventilation unit that does not yet cover the battery case opening. This results in a device forming a pre-assembled functional component that can be mounted by screwing, quarter-turning, or other simple mounting operation on the area of ​​the case (on the wall) bordering the case opening. Such a simple mounting can achieve a seal by means of a gasket applied to the base of the device, while the sealing element remains in its non-sealing configuration, fitted onto the body that serves as a connection support.The device can therefore be transported, packaged, and delivered robustly, with a cover / sealing element, and allows for limiting the number of steps required to install the ventilation device / unit on the battery case. The base of the body can be widened and / or provided with axial openings for attaching fasteners for connection to the case, while the sealing element is already fixed to the body.

[0037] The structural component may consist of a metal plate, typically perforated to form a grid. According to a particular feature of the assembly method, the first fastening is carried out before the second fastening by surrounding an external edge of the structural component with a base of the body which carries an annular sealing element, and wherein the second fastening is made possible by at least two protruding retaining elements, belonging to the fastening means, which: - each one protrudes longitudinally from a face of the component oriented opposite to the body (opposite the channel), inwards to a blocking part, to come into axial contact with the inside of the housing wall.

[0038] In preferred options, these retaining elements are inserted through the opening, positioning the locking parts below the housing wall and allowing the structural component to self-lock in the fixed mounting position on the opening. This fastening method allows for versatility in the order of the mounting steps: the first fastening can be performed first, before the second fastening, or vice versa, possibly with the possibility of performing a secondary locking (constituting a third fastening after the other two) using fastening parts separate from the structural component.

[0039] In some options, the second fixing is achieved by immobilizing protrusions (pins or other) formed on the base to project from an axial face of the base of the body, being sufficiently short or formed on a recessed portion of the axial face of the base so as not to penetrate the wall (also without protruding from an inner face of the component). It is understood that the protective part or the structural component integrates (preferably directly), in a distributed manner and, for example, near the opening, the positioning elements for anchoring / fixing to the body 2, in a region radially more inward than the contact area of ​​the joint J carried by the body 2.

[0040] The structural component formed by the grille or shield is advantageously retained as an integral part of the housing. It is permissible to integrate this flame-resistant structural component as close as possible to the opening of the housing, for example, with one face of this component defining an exterior face of the assembly, suitable for positioning itself opposite the interior of the housing. If necessary, this face is formed by a metal grille located in the same plane as a peripheral seal placed at the interface between the housing wall and the base of the body.

[0041] A one-piece shutter element may be provided in the arrangement, opposite the structural component formed by the grille or shield. For emergency ventilation, either an assembly compatible with ejection is provided (in case of overpressure), or the shutter element is not mounted to allow this type of ejection, but passageways are provided in the shutter element and / or are present to allow bypassing a portion of the shutter. Typically, these passageways may be distributed around or within a skirt of the shutter element. Brief description of the drawings

[0042] Other features, details and advantages will become apparent upon reading the detailed description below, and upon analysis of the accompanying drawings, on which: Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a ventilation unit suitable for mounting directly onto a wall of a battery case, in order to seal an opening in that wall. [Fig.2] illustrates, by perspective, half of a ventilation arrangement having a similar mounting to that of the unit in [Fig.1] using a grid at the inlet of the degassing channel and a sealing element mounted on the outlet of the channel. [Fig.3] is a top perspective view of a non-limiting example of a structural flame-arresting component, here in the form of a flat grid. Figure 4 shows an example of mounting the ventilation unit on an external face of a battery case wall. [Fig.5] schematically shows sequences of a first example of anchoring the structural component to a wall of the housing when it has clips forming fasteners in a component identical or similar to that of [Fig.3]. [Fig.6] schematically shows sequences of a second example of anchoring to a wall of the housing when the structural component has elements of a bayonet type connection ensuring a locking by rotation of each bayonet lug in a groove and / or so as to lock under the wall. Description of the implementation methods

[0043] Several non-limiting examples of embodiments are set out in detail below. In the various figures, identical reference numerals indicate identical or similar elements.

[0044] With reference to Figures 1, 2, and 4, a ventilation / pressure compensation unit is shown that can be supplied as a pre-assembled unit, ready to seal an opening O in a battery case by typically mounting on the outer face of a shell or plate / wall P of the case. In preferred options, the ventilation device or unit has a mounting portion (forming a hood / cover support) including or consisting of a body 2 for connection to the case, and is provided with fastening means PF2, for example, formed as an annular flange or as insertion / retaining tabs for holding it in position on the battery case (on the wall P). The fastening means PF2 may be provided in a base 2a of the body 2, which covers the case. The element or body 2 may essentially consist of a rigid connector made of plastic material, optionally provided with a seal J mounted or attached to this connector.The body 2 may optionally have a flattened or compact height, with a thickness (corresponding to a height) that is, for example, at least three times less than a maximum width or external diameter. The body 2 may be made from a single piece of plastic material, unreinforced or reinforced (for example, with glass fibers, carbon fibers, or similar) or a similar molded material.

[0045] The assembled ventilation device 1 is fitted with its seal J, in order to close the opening O while ensuring that gas exchange is carried out with filtration (with a solid particle retention effect) by a structural component 4 such as a grid and then possibly by a suitable number of membranes. In the non-limiting example of Figures 1-2 and 5, it is understood that the seal J can bear against an annular seating area provided on the housing, around the opening O, typically without penetrating internally into the housing. This seal J can be an annular seal, for example made of elastomeric material, coming into axial contact with the wall P, on an external face of the housing. In Figures 1, 2, and 4, it can be seen that the body 2 may have an annular radial portion that includes or forms the bottom of a groove G2 oriented towards the wall P, allowing it to receive the annular seal J. The seal J may optionally have (before axial compression obtained by anchoring / fixing) a height typically greater than the depth of the groove G2, or at least is dimensioned to extend axially beyond this groove G2. More generally, the seal J may project downwards (here towards the housing), thus presenting a surface that extends beyond the groove G2 and is capable of bearing axially against the battery housing. Optionally, the annular faces delimiting the groove G may each have protruding ribs or reliefs for retaining the annular seal J.

[0046] Figures 1, 2, and 4 show an assembly of a sealing element 3 that is part of the ventilation unit.Next, the ventilation unit is fixed to the wall P to form a ventilation arrangement I that equips the opening O. This arrangement I may include one or more filtering parts. Here, the fire-resistant or flame-retardant part, typically positioned closest to the opening O, is constituted by the structural component 4, which can be metallic (alloy / steel) and / or made of a suitable heat-resistant material (refractory material, mineral). A flat geometry of the fire-resistant structural component 4 can be chosen, for example, without this component 4 extending higher than a groove area where the seal J is received. Structural component 4, for example, formed as a single block for ease of assembly, is positioned opposite the inside of channel C2 (the channel's inlet side) to effectively separate solid particles or sparks, even under high temperatures with a gas flow exceeding 500, 600, or even 1000°C. Structural component 4, resulting from a perforation step in a metal plate, has a protective grid shape. For example, it is formed from a single piece with a flat / planar shape (thinner than body 2 or even thinner than the base 2a of body 2).

[0047] The body 2, which has a hollow structure and is open at two opposite axial ends, allows gas to circulate so that the sealing element is subjected to internal pressure of the housing. The body 2 may optionally have a flexible (not shown), gas-porous / permeable membrane that provides pressure compensation. The membrane extends transversely under the shutter element 3, thus remaining hidden from view. The shutter element 3 is mounted in a non-sealing configuration, compatible with gas escape that bypasses or passes through this shutter element 3 during normal operation.

[0048] With reference to [Fig.4], arrangement 1 can operate in at least one of the following modes, preferably both: - normal mode with ventilation, in both directions DI (incoming) and outgoing (D2) along the direction of the central axis X, with component 4 (here hidden / not visible) underlying body 2, - and a mode for emergency ventilation in direction D2, typically after release of the evacuation end of body 2 due to degradation and / or ejection of the sealing element 3, which proves effective without degradation / disassembly of the heat-resistant and flame-retardant structural component 4).

[0049] As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 4, the obturation element 3 has a radial portion 30 (for obturation and / or deflection of the axial flow), which may be visible externally, formed in a polymer part resulting from a molding (based on a thermoplastic material) or a suitable plastic material. The solid radial portion 30 may be wider than the passage cross-section formed by the channel C2. The obturation element 3 is stable and fixed in a clipped or fitted state onto the body 2, by means of clips or ridges R3 adapted to engage against an edge (in a circumferential groove, for example) or a suitable retaining ridge b200 ([Fig. 2]) provided on a boundary face of the channel C2. In the assembled state, the cover or sealing element 3 is kept separate from the wall P and the component 4 by the base 2a of the body 2. Although a structural component 4 designed as a perforated plate, a grid, or other part or element considered as a single layer has been shown here, it is possible—of course—to combine the structural component with at least one additional layer overhanging / covering the central portion 4a, for example, to obtain an increased filtration effect, and / or covering the flange area 4b. The structural component 4 can then form part of a protective portion PM that is flattened or assembled with a low height compared to the other two dimensions of this protective portion PM.

[0050] As can be clearly seen, the body 2 may have a lateral wall 20, a lower end forming an open base 2a, so that the body 2 delimits a channel C2 which opens through an upper end of the body 2 which is an outlet end. Here the terms "lower" and "upper" do not prejudge the The final arrangement of the ventilation device is shown in the figures, but the explanation is facilitated by reference to some of them. Thus, the sealing element can surmount either the body 2 or a duct element 200 thereof. The radial portion 30 can rest on an annular edge 2b of the duct element or duct element 200 formed within the body 2 at an axial distance from the structural component, typically with the edge 2b forming the top of the duct element 200, distal to the base 2a constituting the lower end of the body 2. The channel C2 extends longitudinally between the base end and the discharge end, typically around a central axis of the body 2. This axis can pass through the opening O in the assembled state of the ventilation device 1, as illustrated, for example, in [Fig. 4]. This axis can constitute the longitudinal axis X of the channel C2. The side wall 20 can be an external side wall of the body 2 that includes or is connected to a conduit or duct element 200, as seen in [Fig. 1].

[0051] The lower groove G2 ([Fig. 1]) provided in the body 2 allows the seal J or sealing element, for example in the form of a ring, to be housed radially spaced from the duct element 200 that defines the path or channel C2 for gas circulation. Here, without limitation, the seal J is inserted into the base 2a, which is wider than the duct element 200.More generally, the seal J can be supported by the base 2a while being kept away from the channel C2 and the opening O. The seal J can thus be spaced / away from a very hot gas exhaust zone in situations of overheating or thermal runaway.

[0052] The channel C2 is offset and spaced internally with respect to the peripheral fixing region for the watertight fixing to the housing P of the body 2. Where appropriate, an upper groove is formed, axially further out than the groove G2, allowing the outer side wall of the conduit 200 to be moved away. A skirt of the body can then be formed as a sub-part of the conduit element 200, which is adapted to constitute a female part that receives an insertion / male part 3b provided on the inner side of the sealing element 3. When a gas-permeable membrane is provided, it is part of a pre-assembled unit. When such a membrane is absent, a pre-assembled ventilation unit may consist of the body 2 formed in one piece, the sealing element 3 (which may consist of a piece forming a hood / cover), and the grille or plate / shield forming the flame-arresting component 4, with additional connecting components that may include a single seal J and peripheral means for fixing the body for connection CC to the plate or wall P of the housing P. The component 4 is preferably made in one piece. Screws 6 or similar anchoring elements may cooperate with the peripheral fixing means PF2: thus, fixing means (PF2, 6) making the CC connection of body 2 to wall P, at the periphery of structural component 4.

[0053] With reference to Figures 1 and 2, the structural component 4 can be in the form of a plate having an annular outer edge. A central protective portion 4a of this plate is perforated, with openings 04 (optionally elongated and narrow, delimited between two straight long edges) to form a grid. The central protective portion 4a is surrounded by the flange area 4b, which allows the structural component 4 to be wider than the opening O to be covered.

[0054] The channel C2 has an inlet adjacent to component 4 and delimited by an internal lateral face of the base 2a. Such an internal face may have a cross-section enlarged compared to a passage cross-section delimited by the conduit element 200, due to an internal narrowing or shoulder which may be opposite the flange face 4b. The channel C2 can be used for both air supply and air exhaust, given that the sealing element 3 does not form any sealed annular contact (for example by including slots f3 for contact against the conduit element 200 and / or by being perforated / sized so as to leave gaps on its periphery in the assembled state. In some variants, for example using at least one non-return valve, it may be provided that the C2 channel is used solely for air evacuation.

[0055] The channel C2 of the body can be in different forms with, in some cases, the possibility of forming different evacuation paths downstream of the opening O. In the cases illustrated, the channel C2 is delimited by the conduit element 200 and / or a part of the body 2, in order to guide a gaseous flow FG ([Fig.2]) escaping from the housing P through the opening O (the flow exiting through the opening passing entirely through the channel C2) and through the openings 04 of the structural component 4. It is understood that component 4 can form a flame-resistant wall fixed to wall P independently of the fixing of body 2. In embodiments, this can allow, for example, the assembly of arrangement 1 without the wall P of the housing requiring any anchoring hole or recess (distinct / separate from the opening O) near channel C2 and directly above structural component 4. Examples of structural component structure

[0056] In the example of [Fig. 1], component 4 is intended to be highly perforated in a central portion 4a opposite / directly aligned with the radial portion 30 of the sealing element 3, while also having a margin forming the flange area 4b. An annular shape of the flange area 4b may be preferred, or alternatively, a discontinuous distribution is chosen, incorporating several tabs distributed in different angular sectors of the periphery of component 4. In the case of the figures 1 and 3, the flange area 4b may be discontinuous due to notches E4 obtained by cutting and folding parts of plate which form the fastening means 5. Regardless of its integration around the part covering the opening O, the flange zone 4b allows axial retention, possibly including positioning and fixing elements 14 for the body 2, with the formation of external reliefs on the face F4 in this flange zone 4b. The flange zone 4b is radially more internal than each RF fixing region, annular or otherwise, of the body 2 for anchoring in the wall P. The body 2 can optionally have, around the wall 20 for example, radial tabs 2p or margin areas with mounting holes / channels that can constitute the means of fixing PF2. The structural component 4 can be dimensioned without extension or edge covered by these radial tabs or peripheral areas used for the CC connection (no overlap or interference between, on the one hand, the component-plate fixing area, and on the other hand, the body-plate fixing area with clamping of the joint J).

[0057] The structural component 4 may be metallic / without any plastic parts and arranged without contact or attachment to another metallic part, without being traversed by another metallic part. For example, in case [Fig. 2], the structural component is only in contact with the wall P and with the base 2a of the body, and is clear of the anchoring elements that engage with the fastening means PF2 provided at the periphery of the body 2. The use of screws or anchoring elements (additional fastening means 6 in relation to the means PF2 for retention to the wall P) can optionally be supplemented by the use of split rings or metal elements that constitute compression limiters, in order to form a contact interface with the plastic surfaces constituted, for example, by the housing (wall P) and the body 2. However, the flange area 4b may, on its own, allow such a compression limiting effect when fixing the body 2 by the cooperation (with axial tightening) of the fastening means PF2 and the additional fastening means 6 carried by or mounted on the wall P. The additional fastening means 6 can make the CC connection in a removable manner.

[0058] The structural component 4 can be flat or optionally curved outwards, preferably being formed by a plate. A gas-permeable grid or shield can then be formed. In the case of Figures 1 and 2, the substantially flat central portion 4a allows this component 4 to form a grid, preferably without relief, directly above the opening O, which has no impact on the overall dimensions of the arrangement 1. Component 4 is entirely metallic or consists of / includes a heat-resistant refractory material. Component 4 can be made in a single piece that is, for example, free of plastic or fusible material / that melts at less than 500°C. Alternatively, several grid elements can be assembled to form structural component 4.

[0059] The flange area 4b, carried by or formed on the structural component 4 by extending around the central portion 4, is disposed outside the housing (parallel to the wall P for example) by being secured to the body 2, for example in a way: - directly, by using pins 9 or inserts engaging on this flange area 4b, in several receiving areas corresponding to positioning elements 14; and - indirectly, by a clamping exerted between the body 2 and the wall P of the housing, using the fixing means PF2, 6 and the interposed (axially) disposition of the flange area 4b between the wall P and at least one bearing surface provided in the base 2a, on an inner side with respect to the seal J (as for example clearly visible in [Fig.2]).

[0060] Regardless of how the structural component 4 is attached to the body, the flange area 4b can be used to press the structural component 4 against a portion of the edge of the opening O, independently of any clamping / pressing action provided by the body 2. To this end, the structural component 4 includes fastening means 5 to maintain the structural component 4 in a functional, flame-resistant position with the central portion 4a that covers the opening O (from the outside). Part of these fastening means 5 may include the flange area 4b to prevent the component from being pushed into the opening O, and another part of these fastening means 5 may prevent the component from being pulled out or moved away from a plane of the opening O. As in the case visible in [Fig.2], the fastening means 5 can extend and engage under one or more edges of the wall P of the housing, opposite the body 2.

[0061] Examples of insertion of retaining elements carried by the structural component

[0062] With reference to Figures 5 and 6, a clamping zone or a groove zone may, for example, be defined between the outer part / zone of the flange 4b ​​and the hook portion or locking portion CR, CR' of a retaining element 50 projecting to pass through the opening O. The circumferential edge bc of this opening O may have different geometries, compatible with the insertion of such retaining elements 50 typically distributed in different angular sectors of the structural component. The locking portions CR, CR' may be axially spaced by a plane passing through the flange zone 4b, by a distance substantially equal to the thickness of the wall P of the housing around the opening O.

[0063] In the example of [Fig. 5] which shows the sequence of A / B / C during clipping through the wall P, the circumferential edge bc of the opening O can This allows the protruding retaining element 50 to be pressed radially inwards as it passes through the opening O, until the retaining element 50 is fully inserted. In the inserted state C, the locking portion CR, here shaped like a hook or clip, is no longer pressed radially inwards (as in state B) and can engage against the (inner) face F of the wall P on the side opposite to that in contact with the inner face F4. The component 4 can be a grid, as in the case of Figures 1 to 3, or have any central portion 4a adapted for a flame-arresting effect by sealing the opening in a way that is permeable to gas.

[0064] A structure with clips in the protruding retaining elements 50 allows for simple axial clamping, compatible with a non-rotational fit of the protective part PM, which includes component 4, without any insertion into the opening 4 other than that of the clips. Here, the protruding retaining elements 50 are no thicker than the rest of the grid forming the structural component 4. They are obtained by cutting and folding, leaving notches E4 distributed in the flange area 4b. More broadly, the fastening means 5 can be formed by this type of folding.

[0065] Two or three (at least) projecting retaining elements can be provided on the same side projecting from the inner face F4, for example from a fold or crease zone 45 ([Fig. 3]). Each can be joined to the typically flat inner face F4 by the crease zone 45, which can be delimited between two cut edges bl, b2 (edges with a radial component), as illustrated for example in [Fig. 3]. When forming clips, two folds can be provided: the first being the crease zone 45 in the plane of the central portion 4a, and the second fold being that for forming the hook constituting the locking portion CR. The clips may have a bent hook shape, forming an angle of less than or equal to 50 or 60°. The clips have, for example, an angle of 30° (or are designed to be between 20 and 50°).

[0066] With reference now to [Fig. 6], another embodiment provides that the structural component 4 is interposed axially between the wall P of the housing and the base 2a of the body 2 of the ventilation unit, without the use of clips but by means of elements or lugs of a bayonet connection. In this case, at least two retaining elements 50' can be provided which protrude from the inner face F4 to form the functional part of a rotating connection assembly, possibly a bayonet connection assembly by cooperation with grooves G provided on the wall P of the housing. More broadly, the rotating connection assembly can allow the structural component 4 to be pressed against the wall P, on the external side, by inserting itself through the opening O which may have indentations Rs (for example each lobe-shaped) or local protrusions, in its circumferential boundary edge bc.

[0067] At the intermediate moment / state of insertion of the retaining elements 50', these can pass into a corresponding recess Rs (see State A of [Fig. 6]), for example, distributed diametrically opposite when two equally opposite retaining elements on component 4 are used. Regardless of the number of these elements in a bayonet connection, this insertion via recesses RS or slots can be followed by a rotational locking action, for example, achieved by rotating the body 2 within the ventilation unit, given that: - the remainder of the structural component 4 extends outside the housing; and - the component 4 has been previously secured to the body (also rotationally fixed to the body), typically by using pins 9, inserts, or other anti-rotation means.

[0068] The rotational locking action is illustrated in the mounting state B of [Fig. 6] (with the arrow reflecting the rotation performed, for example, around an axis of the opening O). Each retaining element 50' is then located under the face F and angularly offset from the recess Rs or adapted passage that allowed axial insertion. In this state, a portion of the circumferential edge bc can extend locally between a connecting part of the retaining element 50' and a lug-shaped part that engages in a groove G and / or beyond a stop. An elastic return effect can be provided in the retaining element 50' to allow for tightening or an anti-retraction effect (anti-reverse rotation). The axis of the opening O can coincide with, or be parallel to, the longitudinal axis X of the channel C2. With such engagement by rotation, a direct connection of the structural component 4 to the wall P can be obtained. It is understood that such a connection can be unlocked from the outside by manipulating the body with a reverse rotation.

[0069] Regardless of the selective insertion method of the retaining elements 50, 50', the structural component 4 may optionally be made of a single material (and a single layer) or be multilayered and / or incorporate a superposition of elements contributing to the flame-arresting effect. For example, the grid of the structural component 4 may support a metallic fiber filter medium M4 (e.g., a highly aerated non-woven material with low pressure drop) that filters the flux, or another filtration component, typically attached to or associated with the structural component 4 in the protective portion PM. It is understood that the protective portion PM remains external to the housing and may not extend above the base 2a, for example, without contacting a lower end (e.g., in the insertion portion 3a) of the sealing element 3.

[0070] In some options, the protective part PM is made of a single material or entirely of metal. Optionally, the protective part PM is made in a single piece that includes the grille (structural component 4 without an additional layer or attached element). The body 2 and the structural component 4 are fixed to each other to form a pre-assembled ventilation unit, which extends along the longitudinal axis X between a first axial end through which the sealing element 3 is mounted and a second axial end forming a face, preferably substantially flat, which includes the inner face F4 of the grille, with the fixing means 5 which are distributed at different angular positions on a peripheral area of ​​this inner face F4.

[0071] Typically, the retention of the body 2 for axial anchoring on the wall P can be achieved in one or more peripheral regions located beyond a circumferential outer edge of the protective portion PM. To ensure the correct positioning of the structural component 4 relative to the body 2, the latter may have a shoulder, reliefs, or guiding parts, cooperating, for example, with protrusions, clips, or positioning elements 14 provided on the outer face F4' of the structural component 4, possibly bosses or portions each having an open recess with a toothed or clawed axial access. Figure 3 illustrates the formation of cavities 40 in such positioning elements 14 formed as drilled bosses. Such bosses can extend axially so as to present an opening (delimited between the teeth / claws in the case of Figure 3) through a high / distal end of the face F4' of the cavity.The cavity 40 may open at an axial height or distance, measured from a plane of the outer face F4', which is greater than 2 or 3 mm and / or greater than a thickness of the structural component 4.

[0072] When the grid or structural component 4 includes these positioning elements 14, hollow and oriented opposite to the fastening means 5, it is possible to lock the body 2 in position before making the CC connection. This locking results from the insertion of the pins 9 or inserts carried by the body 2, each of which engages with a clamping force in a corresponding cavity 40, each cavity having an axial access provided near an inner lateral face of the body 2. Optionally, this engagement of the pins 9 is carried out with a first level of insertion in the cavity 40, before the structural component 4 is secured to the wall P. The structural component 4, in the form of a grid in the [Fig.2], is tightened sufficiently during a tightening action exerted during the establishment of the CC connection using the fastening means PF2, 6, in order to: - lock the first level of insertion or allow additional axial penetration of the pins 9 or insert into said cavities 40, with a second (higher) level of insertion in the cavity 40; and . - make the grid and the body 2 fixed and secure to each other without possibility of movement in the fixed mounting position of the grid (component 4) on the opening O even in the event of subsequent removal or destruction of the fixing means PF2, 6.

[0073] In embodiments, such as the non-limiting case of [Fig. 3], the structural component 4 is thus a metal grid that includes the retaining elements 50 and also the positioning members 14 relative to the body 2. Each of these positioning members 14 can be made directly on the grid, for example by forming an open hollow boss, provided with an axial access with several claws or teeth projecting radially inwards (teeth / claws projecting inwards from an annular periphery of this axial access), which can correspond to a Grifaxe® ring structure. The base 2a of the body 2 can include the rods, pins 9 or similar projections cooperating with the free ends / edges of the claws or teeth of the positioning members 14 to allow locking or pre-coupling of the body 2 with the structural component 4. Alternatively, the grid or component 4 which forms the central portion 4a can be attached to the body 2, typically from below the base 2a, by making a snap-fit ​​or a snap-fit ​​(clip effect) of the positioning members 14, each on a pin 9 or respective adapted relief formed on the base 2a of the body 2. More broadly, the structural component 4 has positioning elements 14, preferably including an anchoring surface or region, allowing the body 2 to be locked in position by immobilizing protrusions (pins 9 or others) formed to protrude from an axial face of the base 2a of the body 2. The protrusions / pins 9 can be sufficiently short or formed on a recessed part of the axial face of the base 2a so as not to penetrate the wall P (i.e., without protruding from an inner face F4 of the component 4). It is understood that the protective part PM or the structural component 4 integrates (preferably directly), in a distributed manner and for example close to the opening O, the positioning elements 14 for anchoring / fixing the body 2, in a region radially more inward than the contact area of ​​the seal J carried by the body 2.

[0074] In certain variants (not shown), a membrane is interposed between the cover or similar sealing element 3 and the structural component 4 forming the flame-resistant protective part. In this case, the cover may be perforated, incorporating slots or openings for air circulation in a radial portion and / or in a skirt thereof. For a case of massive gas evacuation (emergency situation / thermal runaway), one or more piercing elements are further provided on the sealing element 3, oriented towards one or more areas of the membrane, each of which is located away from the annular attachment portion of the membrane. membrane on the body. Each piercing organ is rigid and, for example, equipped with a point or end adapted to tear / pierce the opposite membrane, which swells in protrusion above its junction plane to the body 2.

[0075] The fastening members 6 (screw or anchoring element, for example) of the body 2 may optionally be fixed from below the plate P, with female members provided in a peripheral part of the body 2 (as in the case of [Fig. 1], for example). Alternatively, the fastening members may be screwed or anchored from the outside. These fastening members 6 allow the body 2 to be mounted around the opening O, at a radial distance from the circumferential edge bc delimiting the opening, against the housing P, by positioning the channel C2 vertically above the opening O or, more generally, by following the longitudinal direction of the body 2 (along the central axis).

[0076] The ventilation arrangement 1 can form a compact, responsive arrangement within the housing, minimizing pressure drop. This can advantageously prevent harmful damage and the spread of fire, while also providing protection for the plastic components of the ventilation unit mounted on wall P against incandescent particles and flames. The mounting of the flame-arresting PM portion is compatible with various mounting configurations, for example, both for: - the case of a prior assembly of a metal part or similar, forming component 4, on the body 2 to close the entrance of the channel C2 and allow to obtain the ventilation unit (pre-assembled with the closing element 3, typically), before the assembly on the wall P which is preferably done in two stages (direct fixing of component 4 via the fixing means 5 then establishment of the connection CC); - and the reverse case with the structural component 4 first mounted on the wall P with selective insertion of the retaining elements 50, 50', before placing and fixing the rest of the ventilation unit on top of the structural component 4.

[0077] This disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described above, only by way of example, but encompasses all the variants that a person skilled in the art may consider within the framework of the protection sought.

[0078] For example, although Figures 1 to 4 show an annular (typically circular) contour for the opening O and for the outer edge of the plate intended for the structural component 4, other arrangements are possible. Alternatively, the peripheral edge of component 4 is rectangular, polygonal, or square, or even oblong or oval. The channel C2 and / or component 4 may also have a geometry different from that of the opening, preferably with a circumference of component 4 that does not extend to the annular sealing element J. For good compactness, the edge of the grid portion of component 4 may follow the edge of the entrance of channel C2, by axially covering this edge (therefore covering the entire perimeter of the entrance of channel C2). On the component, elastic tabs (clips) are for example made by stamping and in a variable number to form the retaining elements 50, 50'. Of course to cover a rectangular opening O, at least four elastic tabs (or at least six) can be provided - for example by adapting to the length of the rectangular shape.

[0079] Finally, the term battery case should be understood in a general sense, the case being able to contain one or more groups of accumulators capable of supplying energy in electrical form or energy usable in any form for conversion into electrical energy.

[0080] The wall of the housing P including the opening O can have any orientation. Although the non-limiting example of [Fig.4] corresponds to an orientation of this plate / wall in a generally horizontal plane to have a cover or sealing element 3 axially surmounting (from above) the body 2 allowing the connection of this element 3, so that the axis X is vertical here, other arrangements are permitted, in particular with a ventilation unit mounted laterally on the battery housing.

Claims

1. Demands Ventilation arrangement (1) for a battery enclosure, in particular for an enclosure comprising one or more batteries, arrangement (1) comprising: - a body (2) made of plastic material having a side wall, the body (2) forming a connector which connects by a connection (CC) to a wall (P) of the housing in order to cover from the outside of the housing an opening (O) provided in the wall (P) of the housing; - a channel (C2), provided in the body (2) to guide a gaseous flow (FG) escaping from the casing through the opening (O) along a longitudinal axis (X) of the channel; - a filling element (3) attached to the body (2), the filling element (3) covering the canal (C2) on an external side opposite the opening (O); - a protective part (PM) carried by or covering the body (2) in an arrangement underlying the body on an internal side opposite the sealing element (3), the protective part (PM) including a structural component (4), a central protective portion (4a) of which a flame-retardant seals or covers the opening (O) by extending transversely to the longitudinal axis (X); and - a flange zone (4b), carried by or formed on the structural component (4) by extending around the central portion, the flange zone (4b) being disposed outside the housing by being engaged by the body and / or attached to the body (2), the flange zone (4b) allowing the structural component (4) to be pressed against a portion of the edge of the opening; characterized in that the structural component (4), metallic or consisting of a heat-resistant refractory material, is selected from a grid and a gas-permeable shield and includes fastening means (5) which: - are configured to extend and engage under one or more edges of the wall (P) of the housing, opposite the body (2); and - allow, through an anti-removal effect of the component (4) resulting from the engagement of the fastening means (5), which corresponds to axial retention by the wall (P) of the housing, the structural component (4) to lock into a fixed mounting position on the opening (O), thereby maintaining the structural component (4) in its position fixed, both in case of destruction of the connection (CC) of the body on the housing wall and in case of melting of the plastic material (M) of the body (2).

2. An arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the fastening means (5) include at least two protruding retaining elements (50; 50') which: - each protrude longitudinally from a face (F4) of the component oriented opposite to the channel (C2), inwards to a locking portion (CR; CR'), to engage axially with the inside of the wall (P) of the housing, preferably by being inserted via the opening (0), to position the locking portions (CR; CR') in a position underlying the wall (P) of the housing; and - allow the structural component (4) to self-lock in said fixed mounting position on the opening (0).

3. Arrangement according to claim 2, wherein the at least two protruding retaining elements each carry or include a clip (50) allowing the protective part (PM) to be fitted without rotation.

4. Arrangement according to claim 2, comprising the wall P having a circular delimitation of the opening (O), in which the at least two protruding retaining elements (50') are part of a rotating connection assembly, preferably a bayonet connection assembly by cooperation with grooves (G) provided on the wall (P) of the housing, the rotating connection assembly locking the fixed mounting position during a rotation about an axis of the opening (O) which is coincident with or parallel to the longitudinal axis (X) of the channel (C2).

5. Arrangement according to claim 2, 3 or 4, comprising the wall (P) sandwiched between the flange area (4b) and the blocking parts (CR; CR') forming terminal ends of the protruding retaining elements (50; 50'), in which the structural component (4) includes a grid having openings (04) with a dimension of at least 0.5 mm and preferably up to 5 mm, the grid including the flange area (4b) in an annular margin portion of the grid which is in direct overlap on the wall (P).

6. Arrangement according to the preceding claim, wherein the body (2) is fixed to said wall (P) by fastening means (PF2, 6) making the connection (CC) at the periphery of the grid and allowing the grid to be clamped between an annular axial face of the body (2) and the wall (P) of the housing, in which the grid or the structural component (4) includes positioning members (14), hollow and oriented opposite to the fastening means (5), allowing the body (2) to be locked in position before making the connection (CC) by cooperating with pins (9) or inserts carried by the body (2) which each engage with clamping force in a cavity (40) of a corresponding positioning member (14), with a first level of insertion in the cavity (40), and in which the grid is compressed sufficiently during a clamping action exerted during the establishment of the connection (CC) to: - lock the first level of insertion or allow an additional axial indentation of the pins (9) or insert in said cavities, with a second level of insertion in the cavity;and - make the grid and the body (2) solid and fixed to each other without possibility of movement in said fixed mounting position on the opening (0), even in the event of subsequent removal or destruction of the fixing means (PF2, 6) making the connection (CC).;

7. An arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the protective part (PM) is in one piece which constitutes the grille, and wherein the body (2) and the protective part (PM) are fixed to each other to form a pre-assembled ventilation unit, which extends along the longitudinal axis (X) between a first axial end through which the sealing element (3) is mounted and a second axial end forming a face, preferably flat, which includes the inner face (F4) of the grille, with the fixing means (5) which are distributed at different angular positions on a peripheral area of ​​this inner face (F4).

8. An arrangement according to claim 7, wherein the grid is flat or planar at least in the central portion (4a), and wherein the fastening means (5) comprise at least two projecting retaining elements (50; 50') which are joined to the face interior (F4), preferably flat, by a fold zone (45) delimited between two cut edges.

9. An arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sealing element (3) is movable or removable longitudinally relative to the body (2), forming an emergency cover capable of being burst, or ejected or moved further away from the channel (C2) to free a passage allowing the massive escape of a gas flow (FG) in the event of thermal runaway.

10. Method of assembling a ventilation arrangement (1) for a battery case, using a gas-permeable grid or shield suitable for mounting under a body (2) made of plastic material (M) intended to equip the battery case, the body (2) defining a channel (C2) forming an outlet accessible via an opening (0) of said case when the body (2) is fixed with axial clamping to a wall of the case by a connection (CC) to cover said opening (0), a sealing element (3) covering the channel (C2) while allowing compensating gas exchange and / or emergency gas evacuation, the method comprising the steps essentially consisting of: - selecting the structural component (4) formed by the grid or shield, metallic or consisting of a heat-resistant refractory material,so that it has a geometry and dimension suitable for a flame-arresting function by being able to cover most or all of the opening (0); - to make a first fixing of the structural component (4) formed by the grid or shield, to the body (2), by placing it below the body (2) opposite an outlet of the channel (C2) allowing the evacuation of gas from the housing, the structural component (4) including a central protective portion (4a); - to make a second fixing, preceding or following the first fixing, to connect the structural component (4) to a wall (P) delimiting the opening (0), on the one hand by bearing on the wall (P) on an external side of the housing by a flange area (4b) provided in the structural component (4) extending around said central portion, and on the other hand by engaging fixing means (5), carried by the structural component (4) under said wall (P) of the housing, opposite the body (2),to come into axial contact with the inside of this wall (P) of the casing; and, the method allowing, after the first fixing and the second fixing, the structural component (4) to be axially locked in a fixed mounting position on the opening (0) and in a flame-resistant position of the channel (C2), the fixing means (5) belonging to the structural component (4) so ​​that the latter can maintain the fixed mounting position on the opening (0) both in the event of destruction of the connection (CC) with axial clamping of the body (2) on the wall (P) of the housing and in the event of melting of the plastic material (M) of the body (2), knowing that the central protective portion (4a) closes or covers the opening (0) by extending transversely to a longitudinal axis (X) of the channel (C2).

11. Assembly method according to claim 10, wherein the structural component (4) consists of a metal plate, the first fixing being carried out before the second fixing by surrounding an external edge of the structural component (4) with a base (2a) of the body (2) which carries an annular sealing element (J), and wherein the second fixing is enabled by at least two protruding retaining elements (50; 50'), belonging to the fixing means (5), which: - each, protrude longitudinally from a face (F4) of the component oriented opposite to the body (2), inwards to a locking part (CR; CR'), to engage axially with the inside of the wall (P) of the housing, preferably by being inserted via the opening (0), to position the locking parts (CR; CR') in a position underlying the wall (P) of the housing;and - allow the structural component (4) to self-lock in said fixed mounting position on the opening (0).;

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