Automatic adjustment photovoltaic device without external power, and control method therefor

Abstract

An automatic adjustment photovoltaic device without external power, and a control method therefor. The photovoltaic device comprises a light converging and collecting device, wherein the light converging and collecting device comprises a light converging plate (1); several solar panels (3) are mounted on the light converging plate (1); the light converging plate (1) is mounted on a support (2) by means of an adjustment device; a light measurement cover (4) is provided at a part which is outside the light converging and collecting device and does not affect light measurement, and the light measurement cover (4) is provided with a plurality of light measurement plates (39); the light measurement plates (39) transmit measurement information to a control system; and the adjustment device comprises an illuminator (5); and the illuminator (5) is connected to a variable amplitude cylinder (8) and an angle cylinder (9) by means of a pneumatic control valve (6) and an air supply pipe (7), respectively. By utilizing the illuminator (5) and other components, a change in the position of a solar photovoltaic panel can be realized by just using solar energy, without other external energy, thereby improving the power generation efficiency, reducing the maintenance cost, and achieving an optimal energy-saving effect, thus having high practicability.

Description

A photovoltaic device with automatic adjustment without external power and control method thereof Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of solar power generation, and in particular relates to an automatic regulating photovoltaic device without external power that can automatically track the direction of the sun without external power, and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Solar photovoltaic power generation has been increasingly used as a method for generating clean energy. The lighting effect of fixed photovoltaic panels is often affected by factors such as the daily sunshine angle and the sunshine angle in different seasons of the year. The specific changes in each location are different. For example, using fixed photovoltaic panels often cannot fully and effectively utilize solar energy. Chinese patent CN106972815A discloses an intelligent and efficient photovoltaic power generation device for power systems. Its main structure includes a base, a support plate, a ring, two lifting units and two power generation units. The lifting units are connected to the support plate in a transmission manner, and the lifting units are connected to the ring in a transmission manner. The power generation units include a base plate, an air pump, a solar panel and several support units. The support units include an air pipe, a cylinder, a piston, a crossbar, a vertical rod, a first slip ring and a frame. This intelligent and efficient photovoltaic power generation device for power systems detects the direction of light through a photometric unit and adjusts the height of the support unit to change the angle of the solar panel so that it can fully absorb sunlight. However, its adjustment is completed by several drive motors to adjust the direction of the concentrating panel. External power input is required to activate the motor, resulting in a relatively complex structure and low reliability.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic device without external power that can automatically track the direction of the sun without external power, thereby improving the power generation efficiency. Another object of the present invention is to provide a control method for the device.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved as follows: a photovoltaic device with automatic adjustment without external power includes a focusing and collecting device, the focusing and collecting device includes a focusing plate, a number of solar panels are installed on the focusing plate, the focusing plate is installed on the bracket through an adjustment device, and a photometric cover is installed outside the focusing and collecting device at a position that has no effect on the photometry, and a plurality of photometric plates are provided on the photometric cover, and the photometric plates transmit the detected information to the control system; the adjustment device includes an illuminator, and the illuminator is connected to the amplitude cylinder and the angle cylinder respectively through an air control valve and an air supply pipe.

[0006] The illuminator is a transparent structure, a transparent cover is provided on the illuminator, and a focusing wing is also installed on the illuminator.

[0007] The illuminator is equipped with a safety valve and a one-way air supply valve.

[0008] The one-way air supply valve is communicated with the illuminator, and the air supply valve cover of the one-way air supply valve is connected to the valve body of the one-way air supply valve through a hinge point. The valve body is provided with an air supply valve orifice, and a hinge point return spring is provided at the hinge point to reset the air supply valve cover plate.

[0009] One end of the corner cylinder is installed on the bracket, and the other end is connected to the corner platform.

[0010] One end of the amplitude changing cylinder is connected to the corner platform, and the other end is connected to the focusing plate.

[0011] The corner platform is installed on the upper part of the bracket through a hinge.

[0012] A high-pressure tank is arranged inside the illuminator, and the air control valve is connected to the high-pressure tank; a second one-way air exchange valve is arranged between the high-pressure tank and the inside of the illuminator; and an insulation layer is arranged outside the high-pressure tank.

[0013] The photometric hood is mounted on a base platform via a bracket. A signal transceiver, control box, and battery are also installed on the base platform. These components are connected to the illuminator via power lines or signal cables. The photometric hood is a hemispherical structure equipped with multiple small, block-shaped photometric plates. Each plate has its own unique position number and independent photosensitive system within the system.

[0014] The air-controlled valve is mainly composed of a solenoid valve, a valve seat, a valve stem, a return spring, and a valve core. The valve core cooperates with the airway in a normally closed manner due to the return spring. The air-controlled valve is also equipped with a signal transceiver, a frequency modulation rectifier, and a battery for communication signal transmission and power supply during operation.

[0015] The variable amplitude cylinder and the angle cylinder are equipped with a stroke encoder, a return spring, a signal transceiver, and a programmable exhaust valve. The stroke encoder is used for precise control of the stroke, the return spring and the programmable exhaust valve are used for cylinder exhaust and piston return, and the signal transceiver is used for signal transmission and reception.

[0016] A control method for a photovoltaic device with automatic regulation without external power, comprising the following steps:

[0017] Step 1): Measuring light to determine control parameters:

[0018] The light azimuth parameters currently measured by the photometric mask are transmitted to the control system. The control system compares, analyzes, and calculates the current angle and position parameters of the focusing plate to determine the parameters that need to be adjusted for the focusing plate, and accurately determines the lengths that need to be adjusted for the amplitude cylinder and the angle cylinder.

[0019] Step 2) Generate air pressure:

[0020] Sunlight passes through the transparent cover of the illuminator to heat the gas inside the illuminator. The focusing wings on both sides of the illuminator assist in focusing the sunlight, so as to further reflect and focus the sunlight into the transparent cover, and together they heat the air inside the illuminator. After the sealed gas in the illuminator is heated by sunlight in this way, the air pressure inside the illuminator increases.

[0021] Step 3) Air pressure transmission:

[0022] The gas with increased pressure in the illuminator is transported to the luffing cylinder or angle cylinder through the gas control valve under the precise control of the control system;

[0023] Step 4) Concentrator control:

[0024] After receiving the high-pressure gas from the air control valve, the luffing cylinder and the angle cylinder control the rotation of the concentrating plate and the angle platform respectively according to the data analyzed, compared and calculated by the control system, thereby controlling the direction of the concentrating plate to better collect sunlight.

[0025] Step 5): Automatic air supply control. When the air inside the illuminator leaks due to recycling and the air pressure is lower than the external atmospheric pressure, the air supply valve cover of the air supply valve is automatically pushed open to supply air; when the internal and external air pressures are balanced, the air supply valve cover is automatically closed under the action of the hinge return spring 16, thereby achieving the purpose of automatic air supply.

[0026] Step 6): Safety control: A safety valve is also set on the top of the illuminator. When the air pressure in the illuminator is too high, the pressure relief is started to ensure safety.

[0027] The non-external-powered automatic regulating photovoltaic device and control method thereof provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0028] (1) The present invention adopts a new type of illuminator design without external power: a transparent illuminator is arranged on the bracket of the focusing and collecting device or other positions convenient for lighting, so that sunlight can pass through the transparent cover to heat the air inside the illuminator. At the same time, arc-shaped focusing wings can be set on both sides of the illuminator shell to further reflect and focus the sunlight into the transparent cover to further heat the air inside the illuminator. Air or other suitable gases are sealed in a sealed form inside the illuminator. The air pressure inside the illuminator is increased by using sunlight to heat the sealed gas inside the illuminator. High, through the control of the air control valve, the high-pressure gas is first stored in the high-pressure pipe, and then transported to the variable amplitude cylinder or the angle cylinder under the control of the control system to control the concentrating plate, so as to better collect sunlight. During the day, under the irradiation of sunlight, the air pressure in the illuminator increases and then the action of the concentrating plate is controlled. At night, the temperature drops and the air pressure in the illuminator drops. Under the control of the air control valve of the control system, the concentrating plate returns to the initial position of the rising sun every day, so as to collect sunlight in the morning. It can be automatically controlled under program control every day and used in a cycle.

[0029] (2) Safety design of the illuminator: A one-way air supply valve is also provided on the illuminator. Through the hinge, hinge return spring, air supply valve cover and other components, when the air inside the illuminator leaks due to recycling and the air pressure is lower than the external atmospheric pressure, the air supply valve can push open the air supply valve cover due to the high external atmospheric pressure to automatically supply air. After the internal and external air pressures are balanced, the air supply valve cover automatically closes under the action of the hinge return spring, achieving the effect of automatic air supply. A safety valve is also provided on the top of the illuminator. When the air pressure inside the illuminator is too high, the pressure relief is activated to ensure safety. Compared with the traditional sealed air-filled cylinder, this design does not require manual air supply, realizes automatic air supply, is simple to operate and maintain, and greatly reduces the workload.

[0030] (3) The adjustment device is convenient and simple. The present invention uses components such as the luffing cylinder, air-controlled valve, angle cylinder, angle platform, and hinge to simply and reliably achieve the position change of the solar photovoltaic panel, so that the solar panel always corresponds to sunlight, thereby improving power generation efficiency.

[0031] In summary, the present invention utilizes an illuminator and other components, uses only solar energy, and does not require other external energy sources to achieve the position change of solar photovoltaic panels, improves power generation efficiency, reduces maintenance costs, embodies the optimal energy-saving effect, and is highly practical. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0033] FIG1 is an overall structural diagram of the present invention;

[0034] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the present invention;

[0035] FIG3 is a front view of the illuminator of the present invention;

[0036] FIG4 is a side view of the illuminator of the present invention;

[0037] FIG5 is a front view of the one-way air supply valve of the present invention;

[0038] FIG6 is a side view of the one-way air supply valve of the present invention;

[0039] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the air control valve of the present invention;

[0040] FIG8 is a schematic diagram showing the principles of the variable amplitude and angle cylinder of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 1: 1. Concentrator, 2. Bracket, 3. Solar Panel, 4. Photometric Shield, 5. Illuminator, 6. Air Control Valve, 7. Air Supply Pipe, 8. Luffing Cylinder, 9. Angle Cylinder, 10. Transparent Cover, 11. Concentrator Wing, 12. Safety Valve, 13. One-way Air Supply Valve, 14. Air Supply Valve Cover, 15. Hinge, 16. Hinge Return Spring, 17. Air Supply Valve Orifice, 18. Angle Platform, 19. Hinge, 20. High-pressure Tank, 21. Insulation Layer, 22. , the second one-way air supply valve, 23. Control box, 24. Signal transceiver, 25. Battery, 26. Solenoid valve stem, 27. Valve seat, 28. Valve core, 29. Solenoid valve, 30. Return spring, 31. Air duct, 32. Frequency modulation rectifier, 33. Battery, 34. Travel encoder, 35. Piston, 36. Piston return spring, 37. Programmable exhaust valve, 38. Inlet valve, 39. Light measuring plate, a. Outer wall of illuminator, b. Basic platform. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] Example:

[0043] The invention discloses an automatic regulating photovoltaic device without external power, which mainly consists of a light collecting device, an adjustment device, a light measuring device, a system control device, etc.

[0044] Among them, the photovoltaic collection device mainly includes a concentrating plate 1, a bracket 2, etc.

[0045] The adjustment device, which adjusts the angle and amplitude of the photovoltaic collection device, primarily includes an illuminator 5, a variable amplitude cylinder 8, a pneumatic control valve 6, a rotation cylinder 9, a rotation platform 18, and a hinge 19. The illuminator 5 primarily comprises a focusing wing 11, a transparent cover 10, a safety valve 12, a one-way air supply valve 13, a high-pressure tank 20, and a second one-way air supply valve 22, and is automatically pressurized by light.

[0046] The photometric device is a photometric and analyzing device, which mainly includes a photometric cover 4 and a bracket 2, as well as a large number of solar panels arranged on the photometric cover 4, a signal transceiver, a control box and a battery arranged in conjunction with the photometric cover 4.

[0047] The system control device consists of an on-site control system, a remote control system, and built-in analysis and calculation programs.

[0048] The specific structure is as follows: a photovoltaic device with automatic adjustment without external power, including a focusing and collecting device, which includes a focusing plate 1, on which a number of solar panels 3 are installed, and the focusing plate 1 is installed on a bracket 2 through an adjustment device, and a photometric cover 4 is installed outside the focusing and collecting device at a position that has no effect on the light measurement, and a plurality of photometric plates 39 are provided on the photometric cover 4, which transmit the detected information to the control system; the adjustment device includes an illuminator 5, which is connected to the amplitude cylinder 8 and the angle cylinder 9 respectively through an air control valve 6 and an air supply pipe 7.

[0049] The illuminator 5 and the high-pressure tank 20 are arranged in an integrated manner. A partition is used to separate the illuminator 5 and the high-pressure tank 20. A one-way air supply valve is provided on the partition. The one-way air supply valve restricts the gas from flowing in one direction from the illuminator 5 to the high-pressure tank and cannot supply gas in the opposite direction. That is, when the gas pressure in the illuminator 5 is higher than that in the high-pressure tank, gas can be supplied to the high-pressure tank, but when the gas pressure in the high-pressure tank is higher than that in the illuminator 5, gas will not be supplied to the illuminator 5. The structure of the one-way air supply valve is consistent with the one-way air supply valve 13 provided on the transparent cover of the illuminator 5. An insulation layer is provided on the outside of the high-pressure tank to keep the gas in the high-pressure tank warm and pressurized. The volume of the high-pressure tank is designed based on the required amount of adjustment of the amplitude cylinder and the angle cylinder. The gas storage capacity can meet the amount required for adjustment of the amplitude cylinder and the angle cylinder of the concentrator for at least 3 days.

[0050] The air-controlled valve 6 is an electromagnetic valve body structure, with a return spring provided on the valve core, and the valve body is also externally provided with components such as a signal transceiver, a frequency modulation rectifier, and a battery.

[0051] The internal structures of the variable amplitude cylinder and the angle cylinder are similar. In addition to the cylinder body, piston, piston rod, and air inlet, similar to ordinary cylinders, they also innovatively incorporate a pull-rope travel encoder, a return spring, a programmable exhaust valve, and a signal transceiver. The return spring assists in resetting the piston, and the travel encoder accurately determines the piston's stroke position. Based on the signal transceiver receiving control signals from a remote control system, an air-controlled intake valve is connected to the air inlet, and a programmable exhaust valve is connected to the exhaust port. The signal transceiver receives signals for precise control of intake and exhaust. The illuminator 5 in the present invention is a transparent structure that can be designed to be fully or partially transparent. A transparent cover 10 is provided on the illuminator 5, and concentrating wings 11 are also mounted on the illuminator 5. The concentrating wings are curved to further reflect and concentrate sunlight into the transparent cover, further heating the air within the illuminator 5.

[0052] A high-pressure tank 20 is installed inside the illuminator 5, and the gas control valve 6 is connected to the high-pressure tank 20. A second one-way ventilation valve 22 is installed between the high-pressure tank 20 and the interior of the illuminator 5. This allows gas from the illuminator 5 to be injected into the high-pressure tank 20 in a one-way manner. An insulation layer 21 is installed outside the high-pressure tank 20 to maintain heat and pressure.

[0053] A safety valve 12 and a one-way air supply valve 13 are mounted on the illuminator 5. The one-way air supply valve 13 is in communication with the illuminator 5. A valve cover 14 of the one-way air supply valve 13 is connected to the valve body of the one-way air supply valve 13 via a hinge 15. A valve orifice 17 is provided on the valve body. A hinge return spring 16 is provided at the hinge 15 to reset the valve cover 14.

[0054] The function of the safety valve 12 is to release the pressure through the safety valve 12 if the pressure in the illuminator 5 is too high, so as to ensure the normal and safe operation of the illuminator 5.

[0055] The present invention's cornering cylinder 9 has one end mounted on bracket 2 and the other end connected to a cornering platform 18. The luffing cylinder 8 has one end connected to the cornering platform 18 and the other end connected to the concentrating panel 1. The cornering platform 18 is mounted on top of bracket 2 via a hinge 19. The direction of the solar panel is controlled by the cornering platform 18, the luffing cylinder 8, and the cornering cylinder 9.

[0056] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0057] The overall principle of the present invention is to perform real-time light measurement every day through the arc-shaped light metering cover 4 in order to perceive the optimal light direction every day or each time period. Combined with the calculation of the built-in program of the system control device, the air-controlled valve of the focusing plate is automatically controlled to further adjust the amplitude and angle of the focusing plate to achieve the optimization of the lighting angle.

[0058] (1) Working principle of photometer hood 4:

[0059] The photometric hood 4 utilizes a curved hemispherical structure, allowing it to easily receive sunlight from all directions. A large number of small, block-shaped photometric panels are positioned above the hemispherical structure. Each panel has its own unique position number and independent photosensitive system within the system. When the direction of sunlight changes, one or more panels will receive sunlight, displaying the panel's position and number in the control system. By comparing the intensity of sunlight received by each panel, the sun's position and current intensity can be accurately determined. Based on this measurement data, and after systematic calculation and analysis, the control and adjustment device adjusts the position of the light-collecting device to achieve optimal power generation.

[0060] As shown in Figure 2 , the control system's control box 23 is powered by a battery 25, which is charged by the solar panel 3. A signal transceiver 24 is used for wireless data and information transmission between the photometric hood 4 and the remote control system. The control box 23 modulates and rectifies the solar power generated by the photometric hood 4 during the photometric process, storing it in the battery 25 for power consumption by the control box and the signal transceiver. The battery power can also be used to power other systems besides the photometric hood 4.

[0061] (2) Adjustment of the position of the light collecting device:

[0062] According to the sun's position determined by the photometric hood 4, the system controls the adjustment device of the focusing and collecting device to make adjustments. Specifically, on the one hand, the air control valve is used to provide air pressure power to the corner cylinder, which drives the corner platform to rotate and drives the focusing plate on the corner platform to rotate; on the other hand, the air control valve is used to provide air pressure power to the amplitude cylinder to drive the focusing plate to adjust the amplitude and swing direction. Through the above adjustments, it can be ensured that the focusing plate is aligned with the direction of the sun in time to ensure the maximum acquisition of sunlight.

[0063] (3) Obtaining the air pressure of the air control valve:

[0064] The shell part is made of a pressure-bearing transparent cover to make the illuminator 5, which facilitates sunlight to pass through the transparent cover 10 to heat the air inside the illuminator 5. At the same time, arc-shaped focusing wings 11 can be set on both sides of the shell to further reflect and concentrate the sunlight into the transparent cover to further heat the air inside the illuminator 5. The air or other suitable gas is sealed in a sealed form inside the illuminator 5. After the sealed gas in the illuminator 5 is heated by sunlight in the above manner, the air pressure in the illuminator 5 increases. When the gas inside the illuminator 5 is heated to a pressure higher than the air pressure inside the high-pressure tank 20, the high-pressure gas enters the high-pressure tank 20 for storage through the second one-way valve 22 on the partition. The insulation layer 21 outside the high-pressure tank can effectively keep warm, thereby ensuring the pressure inside the tank.

[0065] Air-controlled valve 6 is connected to high-pressure tank 20. Through control of air-controlled valve 6, the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure tank is delivered to the luffing cylinder or the angle cylinder under the control of the control system, controlling the concentrator. This allows the concentrator to follow the changes in the sun's angle and better collect sunlight during the day. Air-controlled valve 6 is a normally closed valve with a return spring, which effectively saves energy for the control valve components. When the concentrator needs to be adjusted and controlled, the air-controlled valve is energized, and the valve stem 26 and valve seat 27 of the solenoid valve 29 are attracted. The valve core 28 opens, and the gas in the high-pressure tank enters the luffing cylinder or the angle cylinder.

[0066] This patent preferentially employs a structure in which the luffing cylinder and the angle rod are each provided with an air supply path and an air control valve, so that the air control supply to the luffing cylinder and the angle cylinder does not interfere with each other. When the luffing cylinder or the angle cylinder is in full operation, the signal transceiver 24 receives the command of the control system and stops supplying power to the solenoid valve of the air control valve. After power is cut off, the return spring 30 of the valve core 28 pushes the valve core to close the air channel 31, and the air supply is randomly stopped, and the valve core is in a normally closed state. The small amount of electricity required for the operation of the air control valve is supplied by a small number of solar panels on the concentrator. The electricity from these solar panels is adjusted by the frequency modulation rectifier 32 attached to the air control valve and stored in the battery 33 for future use. When the battery 33 does not need to be charged, this part of the solar panel still participates in the overall power generation of the concentrator, uniformly transmitting electricity to the outside.

[0067] The air in the high-pressure tank controls the movement of the luffing cylinder and the corner cylinder according to the control instructions of the control system, that is, controls the movement of the focusing plate. The luffing cylinder and the corner cylinder are provided with a pull-wire stroke encoder 34. The stroke encoder 34 adopts a wiring type or other form of encoder. The encoder can accurately control the movement of the luffing cylinder and the corner cylinder. When the luffing cylinder and the corner cylinder perform telescopic movement, the stroke encoder 34 accurately measures the cylinder expansion and contraction amount as the pull rope expands and contracts. The stroke encoder is equipped with a clockwork device for tensioning and automatic retraction. When the required cylinder expansion and contraction amount calculated by the control system is reached, the air control valve is closed, so that accurate control of the luffing cylinder and the corner cylinder can be achieved.

[0068] This patent also has the function of automatic return of the angle of the condenser 1. The remote control system is programmed, and the amplitude cylinder and the corner cylinder automatically return at night according to the initial position during the day, so that the condenser 1 is at the best lighting angle before sunrise in the morning. The amplitude cylinder and the corner cylinder take in air through the air inlet valve 38. A piston return spring 36 is set on the piston 35 of the amplitude cylinder and the corner cylinder. When the set night return time is reached, the programmable exhaust valve 37 on the exhaust port of the amplitude cylinder and the corner cylinder is opened regularly, and the air pressure inside the amplitude cylinder and the corner cylinder is reduced. Under the pull of the reset force of the piston return spring 36, the piston 35 slowly returns, and the gas is discharged from the cylinder along the pipeline and enters the illuminator 5. During the exhaust reset process, the stroke encoder 34 performs synchronous and accurate measurement of the piston position. When the piston of the amplitude cylinder and the corner cylinder returns to the optimal position in the morning, the programmable exhaust valve 37 is closed. That is, the concentrating plate 1 can automatically return to the initial position where the sun rises every day after the daytime work is completed, so as to collect the morning sunlight. In this way, it can be automatically controlled and recycled under program control every day.

[0069] The illuminator 5 is also provided with a one-way air supply valve 13. Through the arrangement of structures such as the hinge 15, the hinge return spring 16, and the air supply valve cover plate 14, when the air inside the illuminator 5 leaks due to recycling and the air pressure is lower than the external atmospheric pressure, the air supply valve can push the air supply valve cover plate 14 open due to the high external atmospheric pressure, and automatically supply air. After the internal and external air pressures are balanced, the air supply valve cover plate automatically closes under the action of the hinge return spring, thus achieving the effect of automatic air supply. The illuminator 5 is also provided with a safety valve 12. When the air pressure inside the illuminator 5 is too high, the pressure relief valve is activated to ensure safety. The present invention does not require manual operation, realizes automatic air supply, is simple to operate and maintain, and greatly reduces the workload.

[0070] In another technical solution, an electric gas heating device is added to the high-pressure tank to increase the supply of high-pressure gas.

[0071] (IV) Control system principle:

[0072] This patent uses software in the control system to rationally combine and systematically manage the light collection device, adjustment device, and light metering device, effectively forming functions such as information sharing, control function linkage, and systematic management. This patent can achieve local control and remote control through local control system and remote control system.

[0073] The specific steps when the present invention works are as follows:

[0074] Step 1): Measuring light to determine control parameters:

[0075] The illumination azimuth parameters currently measured by the light metering hood 4 are transmitted to the control system. The control system compares, analyzes and calculates the current angle and position parameters of the focusing plate to determine the parameters that need to be adjusted for the focusing plate, and accurately determines the lengths that need to be adjusted for the amplitude cylinder and the angle cylinder.

[0076] Step 2) Generate air pressure:

[0077] Sunlight passes through the transparent cover of the illuminator 5 to heat the gas inside the illuminator 5. The focusing wings 11 on both sides of the illuminator 5 assist in focusing light so as to further reflect and focus the sunlight into the transparent cover 10, thereby heating the air in the illuminator 5. After the sealed gas in the illuminator 5 is heated by sunlight in the above manner, the air pressure in the illuminator 5 increases, and the high-pressure gas is stored in the high-pressure tank 20.

[0078] Step 3) Air pressure transmission:

[0079] The gas with increased pressure in the illuminator 5 is precisely controlled by the control system, and the high-pressure gas is transported from the high-pressure tank 20 through the air control valve, the air supply pipeline, etc. to the amplitude cylinder 8 or the angle cylinder 9 under the control of the control system.

[0080] Step 4) Concentrator control:

[0081] After receiving the high-pressure gas from the air control valve 6, the luffing cylinder 8 and the corner cylinder 9 control the rotation of the focusing plate 1 and the corner platform 18 respectively according to the data analyzed, compared and calculated by the control system, thereby controlling the direction of the focusing plate 1 to better collect sunlight.

[0082] Step 5): Automatic air supply control. When the air inside the illuminator 5 leaks due to recycling and the air pressure is lower than the external atmospheric pressure, the air supply valve cover 14 of the air supply valve 13 automatically opens to supply air. When the internal and external air pressures are balanced, the air supply valve cover 14 automatically closes under the action of the hinge return spring 16, thereby achieving the purpose of automatic air supply.

[0083] Step 6): Safety control: A safety valve 12 is also provided on the top of the illuminator 5. When the air pressure in the illuminator 5 is too high, the pressure relief valve 12 is activated to ensure safety.

[0084] Advantages of this patent.

[0085] (1) Strong innovation. This patent embodies strong innovation from the perspectives of the light meter hood 4 and the illuminator 5, embodies full-process and systematic innovation, and has a rigorous innovative conception.

[0086] (2) Ingenious design. This patent embodies ingenious design in many aspects, such as the working principle of the light meter hood 4, which ensures the optimal utilization of light energy; the illuminator 5 uses only solar energy and does not require external energy, which embodies the optimal energy saving effect.

[0087] (3) Precise control. This patent embodies precise control in many aspects. After the light metering mask 4 accurately obtains the illumination information, precise control is achieved through the control program. Many details are designed precisely and reasonably.

[0088] (IV) Simple and practical. This patent strives to be simple and practical in design, and strives to simplify the complex. While achieving the best effect, it makes the structure the simplest and most practical. All details are designed in a reasonable and simple manner, and it has strong practicality.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic device with automatic adjustment without external power, including a light collection device, characterized in that: The light collecting device comprises a light collecting plate (1), on which a plurality of solar panels (3) are mounted. The light collecting plate (1) is mounted on a bracket (2) via an adjusting device. A light measuring hood (4) is mounted outside the light collecting device and at a position that has no effect on light measurement. A plurality of light measuring plates (39) are arranged on the light measuring hood (4). The light measuring plates (39) transmit the detected information to a control system. The adjusting device comprises an illuminator (5), which is connected to a variable amplitude cylinder (8) and an angle cylinder (9) respectively via an air control valve (6) and an air supply pipe (7).

2. The photovoltaic device according to claim 1, wherein: The illuminator (5) is a transparent structure, a transparent cover (10) is provided on the illuminator (5), and a focusing wing (11) is also installed on the illuminator (5).

3. The self-regulating photovoltaic device without external power according to claim 1, characterized in that: The illuminator (5) is provided with a safety valve (12) and a one-way air supply valve (13).

4. The self-regulating photovoltaic device without external power according to claim 3, characterized in that: The one-way air supply valve (13) is communicated with the illuminator (5), and the air supply valve cover (14) of the one-way air supply valve (13) is connected to the valve body of the one-way air supply valve (13) through a hinge point (15). The valve body is provided with an air supply valve orifice (17), and a hinge point return spring (16) is provided at the hinge point (15) for resetting the air supply valve cover (14).

5. The self-regulating photovoltaic device without external power according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the corner cylinder (9) is mounted on the bracket (2), and the other end is connected to the corner platform (18); one end of the variable amplitude cylinder (8) is connected to the corner platform (18), and the other end is connected to the focusing plate (1); the corner platform (18) is mounted on the upper part of the bracket (2) via a rotating hinge (19).

6. The self-regulating photovoltaic device without external power according to claim 1, characterized in that: A high-pressure tank (20) is provided inside the illuminator (5), and the air control valve (6) is in communication with the high-pressure tank (20); a second one-way air exchange valve (22) is provided between the high-pressure tank (20) and the interior of the illuminator (5); and a heat-insulating layer (21) is provided outside the high-pressure tank (20).

7. The self-regulating photovoltaic device without external power according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photometric hood (4) is mounted on a base platform (b) via a bracket (2). A signal transceiver (24), a control box (23), and a battery (25) are also mounted on the base platform (b). The signal transceiver (24), the control box (23), the battery (25), and the illuminator (5) are connected via a power supply line or a signal line. The photometric hood (4) is a hemispherical structure and is provided with a plurality of small block photometric plates (39). Each photometric plate (39) has its own unique position number and independent photosensitive system in the system.

8. The self-regulating photovoltaic device without external power according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air-controlled valve (6) is mainly composed of a solenoid valve (29), a valve seat (27), a valve stem (26), a return spring (30), and a valve core (28). The valve core (28) is operated in a normally closed manner in conjunction with the air passage (31) by the return spring (30). The air-controlled valve (6) is also equipped with a signal transceiver (24), a frequency modulation rectifier (32), and a battery (33) for communication signal transmission and power supply during operation.

9. The self-regulating photovoltaic device without external power according to claim 1, characterized in that: The variable amplitude cylinder (8) and the angle cylinder (9) are equipped with a stroke encoder (34), a return spring (36), a signal transceiver (24), and a programmable exhaust valve (37). The stroke encoder (34) is used for precise control of the stroke, the return spring (36) and the programmable exhaust valve (37) are used for cylinder exhaust and piston return, and the signal transceiver (24) is used for signal transmission and reception.

10. A control method for a photovoltaic device without external power and automatically adjusted according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1): Measuring light to determine control parameters: The light azimuth parameters currently measured by the photometric hood (4) are transmitted to the control system, and the control system compares, analyzes, and calculates the parameters that need to be adjusted for the light collecting plate (1) based on the current angle and position parameters of the light collecting plate (1), and accurately determines the lengths that need to be adjusted for the amplitude cylinder (8) and the angle cylinder (9); Step 2) Generate air pressure: Sunlight passes through the transparent cover of the illuminator (5) to heat the gas inside the illuminator (5), and the focusing wings (11) on both sides of the illuminator (5) assist in focusing the light so as to further reflect and focus the sunlight into the transparent cover (10), thereby heating the air inside the illuminator (5). After the sealed gas inside the illuminator (5) is heated by sunlight in the above manner, the air pressure inside the illuminator (5) increases; Step 3) Air pressure transmission: The gas with increased pressure in the illuminator (5) is precisely controlled by the control system and is then delivered to the amplitude cylinder (8) or the angle cylinder (9) through the gas control valve (6). Step 4) Concentrator (1) control: After receiving the high-pressure gas from the air control valve (6), the amplitude cylinder (8) and the angle cylinder (9) respectively control the rotation of the focusing plate (1) and the angle platform (18) according to the data analyzed, compared and calculated by the control system, thereby controlling the direction of the focusing plate (1) to better collect sunlight; Step 5): Automatic air supply control. When the air inside the illuminator (5) leaks due to recycling and the air pressure is lower than the external atmospheric pressure, the air supply valve cover (14) of the air supply valve (13) automatically opens to supply air. When the internal and external air pressures are balanced, the air supply valve cover (14) automatically closes under the action of the hinge return spring (16), thereby achieving the purpose of automatic air supply. Step 6): Safety control: A safety valve (12) is also provided on the upper part of the illuminator (5). When the air pressure in the illuminator (5) is too high, the pressure relief is started to ensure safety.