Three-dimensional welding device and method for large barrels

Abstract

A laser beam welding device for large cylinders (barrels) 1 uses Lorentz forces from electromagnetic electrodes (53, figure 2) to manipulate the weld pool. The laser welding head (35, figure 2) may be

Description

[0001] The disclosure relates to the technical field of welding manufacturing, in particular to a three-dimensional welding device and method for large barrels. BACKGROUND

[0002] Large barrels are widely used in fields such as aviation, aerospace, navigation, and weapon equipment, usually requiring high sealing, safety, and reliability. Laser welding is the main connection method for large barrels, with weld forms involving longitudinal welds, circumferential welds, and complex curve welds. Laser welding is an efficient welding method that uses a high-energy density laser beam as the welding heat source. Compared with traditional welding methods, laser welding has the main advantages of energy concentration, narrow heat affected zone, no electromagnetic interference, high flexibility, and the ability to achieve non-contact welding. During the service process of a large barrels, the weld seam, as a weak performance zone, is not only prone to various welding defects, but also the excessive and unevenly distributed residual stress can easily cause severe distortion and deformation of the thin-walled cylinder, greatly reducing the working performance and service life of the barrels, and even causing irreversible catastrophic consequences.

[0003] Electromagnetic, as an energy carrier with high transmission rate and high current density, directly transfers energy to atomic scale of materials, altering atomic arrangement, migration, and other behaviors. The use of electromagnetic field assisted welding to improve the micros tincture and properties of welds is an important development direction for high-performance welding. When a material is irradiated by a laser beam, it will instantly melt and form a melt pool. The metal solute atoms in the melt pool are wrapped in molten iron and have strong physicochemical activity. At this time, the resistance of the melt pool will decrease, which will provide a prerequisite for the application of high-energy pulse energy. During the welding process, when the laser and pulse current simultaneously act on the melt pool, Fe atoms and other solute atoms will undergo directional movement under the effects of electromagnetic induction, electric field force, and Lorentz force, greatly improving the diffusion speed of atoms. This will increase the uniformity of element distribution in the melt pool, making the composition and structure distribution on the upper, middle, and lower parts of the weld more uniform and reasonable; At the same time, the stirring effect of electromagnetic energy on the melt pool will cause dendrites in the melt pool to break, greatly increasing the nucleation rate during the cooling process of the melt pool, which is beneficial for refining the grains. During post weld treatment, when an electromagnetic field is applied to both sides of the weld, under the push of high-energy pulse energy, high-energy unstable atoms in the weld and heat affected zone rearrange, promoting dislocation movement, effectively suppressing dislocation accumulation and entanglement, and targeting the repair of micro and nano damage defects (microcracks, micropores) in the weld, reducing stress concentration in the weld and heat affected zone, effectively improving the mechanical properties of the welded joint, and extending its service life under extreme working conditions.

[0004] In the existing technologies, a Chinese patent (application number: CN202111305490.2) titled "Performance control device and method for laser fusion brazing welding joints based on external magnetic field" discloses a method for reducing significant deformation of aluminum alloy during friction stir welding. Under the action of magnetic field, it can effectively reduce intermetallic compounds at the steel aluminum interface and improve weld quality. The magnetic field generating device of the disclosed method is placed below the workpiece to be welded. Its mechanism of action is to use the Lorentz force generated by an external magnetic field to homogenize the distribution of alloy elements in the melt pool and suppress the generation of intermetallic compounds. Another Chinese patent (application number: CN202010011886.5) titled "Double sided laser beam synchronous welding device and method assisted by an external magnetic field" discloses an effect of an external transverse magnetic field on the distribution of plasma generated during welding, which improves the absorption of laser beam energy by the workpiece and enhances the welding quality of T-shaped components. The magnetic field generator of the disclosed 2 method is placed on both sides of the workpiece to be welded. The mechanism of the disclosed patent is to use a magnetic field to regulate the distribution of plasma and improve the energy efficiency of the laser. The methods proposed in the above two patents only apply magnetic field energy during the welding process, but electromagnetic impact treatment is not timely carried out on the weld seam and heat affected zone after welding, making it impossible to repair micro and nano damage defects (dislocation accumulation, micro voids) at the weld seam and heat affected zone, and to eliminate residual stresses generated during the welding process. In addition, the above-mentioned patents do not address the unique structural characteristics of the large barrels in the design of three-dimensional intelligent welding equipment. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a three-dimensional welding device and method for large barrels to solve the technical problem of the lack of a three-dimensional electromagnetic assisted welding device specifically designed for large barrels structures in existing technologies. Thus, through this disclosure, electromagnetic impact treatment can be applied to weld seams and heat affected zones to repair welding defects and eliminate welding residual stresses.

[0006] This disclosure provides a three-dimensional welding device for large barrels, comprising barrels, a cylinder support component, a laser welding component, a stand, an electromagnetic excitation component, and a welding control module; wherein:

[0007] the barrels can be circular, elliptical, or barrels with variable curvature section, the barrels are placed on the cylinder support component and can be rotated; the cylinder support component comprises a guide rail group, two support blocks, and four rollers; the guide rail group comprises a first guide rail and a second guide rail, wherein the first guide rail and the second guide rail are relatively spaced apart, and the two ends of the two support blocks are sliding and installed on the first guide rail and the second guide rail respectively; the four rollers are rotatably installed on both ends of the two support blocks, and the barrels are placed on the cylinder support component and are in contact with the rollers;

[0008] the laser welding component is movably installed on the stand, and the laser emission end of the laser welding component is distributed towards the two barrels;

[0009] the electromagnetic excitation component can be slid and contact with the two barrels for electromagnetic shock treatment of the two barrels; the electromagnetic excitation component comprises an electromagnetic power supply, an electrode support bracket, two sets of electrodes, and an electromagnetic generator; the electromagnetic power supply is mounted on the stand, and the electromagnetic power supply is electrically connected with the electrodes to provide electricity to the electrodes; the electrode support bracket is connected to the stand and can be rotated, and the electrode support bracket is used to change its motion position based on the second motion command sent by the welding control module; the two sets of electrodes are fixedly installed on the electrode support bracket, and the two sets of electrodes are respectively connected with the inner wall and outer wall of the barrels; the electrodes generate an electromagnetic field acting on the barrels based on the electrical energy provided by the electromagnetic power supply, which is in contact with the barrels; the electromagnetic generator is installed on the stand and is used to control the waveform, frequency, duty cycle, and current magnitude of the generated high-energy pulse current based on the electromagnetic instructions sent by the welding control module;

[0010] the welding control module communicates with the laser welding component to send a first motion command and a laser command to the laser welding component, and controls the motion of the laser welding component according to the first motion command, as well as controls the laser parameter selection of the laser welding component according to the laser command;

[0011] the welding control module also communicates with the electromagnetic excitation component to send a second motion command and an electromagnetic command to the electromagnetic excitation component, and controls the motion of the electromagnetic excitation component according to the second motion command, as well as controls the electromagnetic parameter selection of the electromagnetic excitation component according to the electromagnetic instruction.

[0012] This disclosure also provides a three-dimensional welding method for large barrels, applied to the three-dimensional welding device for large barrels in claim 1, the method comprises:

[0013] placing the two barrels on the cylinder support component;

[0014] controlling motion path and laser welding parameters of the laser welding component based on the welding control module;

[0015] controlling the action path and electromagnetic generation parameters of the electromagnetic excitation component based on the welding control module;

[0016] according to the motion path of the laser welding component, the laser welding parameters, the action path and the electromagnetic generation parameters of the electromagnetic excitation component, performing electromagnetic shock assisted laser welding operation on the barrels to obtain the initial welding state of the barrels;

[0017] based on the welding control module, controlling the secondary action path and secondary electromagnetic generation parameters of the electromagnetic excitation component, and performing electromagnetic shock on the barrels in the initial welding state to obtain the target welding barrels.

[0018] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effect of this disclosure is: by setting cylinder support component to place two barrels to be welded, and connecting electrical examination component to the two barrels, electromagnetic energy can directly act on the two barrels to avoid electromagnetic spatial loss. Furthermore, the position of laser welding component and the selection of laser parameters are controlled through the welding control module to perform laser welding on the two barrels. At the same time, the position and electrical properties of the electrical examination component are controlled through the welding control module. The parameters of magnetic generation enable electromagnetic excitation to assist laser welding, thereby solving the problem of difficult welding of the large barrels.

[0019] Furthermore, three-dimensional welding method for large barrels provided by this disclosure first places the barrels on the cylinder support component; Subsequently, based on the welding control module, controlling the motion path and laser welding parameters of the laser welding component; Subsequently, according to the motion path of the laser welding 5 component, the laser welding parameters, the action path and the electromagnetic generation parameters of the electromagnetic excitation component, performing electromagnetic shock assisted laser welding operation on the barrels to obtain the initial welding state of the barrels; finally, based on the welding control module, controlling the secondary action path and secondary electromagnetic generation parameters of the electromagnetic excitation component, and performing electromagnetic shock on the barrels in the initial welding state to obtain the target welding barrels. In this disclosure, after completion of the barrels welding, the electromagnetic field acts again on the weld seam and heat affected zone, reducing dislocation entanglement, repairing micro and nano defects in the weld seam, and eliminating the influence of residual stress, improving the extreme service performance of the component. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Accompanying drawings are for providing further understanding of embodiments of the disclosure. The drawings form a part of the disclosure and are for illustrating the principle of the embodiments of the disclosure along with the literal description. Apparently, the drawings in the description below are merely some embodiments of the disclosure, a person skilled in the art can obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative efforts. In the figures:

[0021] FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the three-dimensional welding device for large barrels provided by this disclosure;

[0022] FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic diagram of an embodiment of the laser welding component in the three-dimensional welding device for large barrels provided by this disclosure;

[0023] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another angle structure of an embodiment of the three-dimensional welding device for large barrels provided by this disclosure;

[0024] FIG. 4 is a flowchart of an embodiment of the three-dimensional welding method for large barrels provided by this disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the application.

[0026] An embodiment of this disclosure provides a three-dimensional welding device for large barrels, as shown in FIG. 1- FIG. 3, comprising: two barrels 1, a cylinder support component 2, a laser welding component 3, a stand 4, an electrical examination component 5, and a welding control module 6; wherein:

[0027] the two barrels 1 are placed on the cylinder support component 2 and can be rotated;

[0028] the laser welding component 3 is movably installed on the stand 4, and the laser emission end of the laser welding component 3 is distributed towards the two barrels 1;

[0029] the electromagnetic excitation component 5 can be slid and contact with the two barrels 1 for electromagnetic shock treatment of the two barrels 1.

[0030] the welding control module 6 communicates with the laser welding component 3 to send a first motion command and a laser command to the laser welding component 3, and controls the motion of the laser welding component 3 according to the first motion command, as well as controls the laser parameter selection of the laser welding component 3 according to the laser command;

[0031] the welding control module also communicates with the electromagnetic excitation component 5 to send a second motion command and an electromagnetic command to the electromagnetic excitation component 5, and controls the motion of the electromagnetic excitation component 5 according to the second motion command, as well as controls the electromagnetic parameter selection of the electromagnetic excitation component 5 according to the electromagnetic instruction.

[0032] In this embodiment, by setting cylinder support component 2 to place two barrels to be welded, and connecting electrical examination component 5 to the two barrels, electromagnetic energy can directly act on the two barrels 1 to avoid electromagnetic spatial loss. Furthermore, the position of laser welding component 3 and the selection of laser parameters are controlled through the welding control module 6 to perform laser welding on the two barrels 1. At the same time, the position and electrical properties of the electrical examination component 5 are controlled through the welding control module 6. The 7 parameters of magnetic generation enable electromagnetic excitation to assist laser welding, thereby solving the problem of difficult welding of the large barrels 1.

[0033] Furthermore, this embodiment utilizes electromagnetic shock energy to stir impact and induce nucleation of molten and solidification process welds, achieving homogenization of microstructure and strengthening of fine grains. After cooling, micro structure optimization, defect targeted repair, and residual stress control are carried out on the welded joint, strictly controlling welding deformation and significantly improving the micro structure and mechanical properties of the welded joint. The three-dimensional intelligent welding equipment is specifically designed for welding large barrels 1. The high-temperature resistant electrode can be placed in the heat affected zone close to the laser melt pool (depending on width of the melt pool), thus greatly reducing energy loss. At the same time, it reduces defects such as porosity, slag inclusion, stress concentration, and welding deformation during the welding process, achieving high-quality welding of large barrels 1 circumferential and complex welds, and solving the problems of poor extreme service performance and low reliability of barrels 1.

[0034] In some embodiments, the laser welding component 3 comprises a welding robot arm 31, a laser power supply 32, a laser energy controller 33, a laser tracker 34, and a laser welding head 35.

[0035] The welding robot arm 31 is movably installed on the stand 4, and is used to change its working position and working angle based on the first motion command sent by the welding control module 6.

[0036] The laser power supply 32 is installed on the stand 4, and is electrically connected to the laser energy controller 33 to provide electricity to the laser energy controller 33.

[0037] The laser energy controller 33 is installed in the middle of the welding robot arm 31, and communicates with the laser welding head 35. The laser energy controller 33 is used to control the output energy of the laser welding head 35.

[0038] The laser tracker 34 is electrically connected to the laser power supply 32 and communicates with the laser welding head 35 to monitor a relative position information between the laser welding head 35 and the barrels 1, and sends the relative position information to the welding control module 6.

[0039] The laser welding head 35 communicates with the welding control module 6 for laser welding of the barrels 1 based on the relative position information and the laser instruction.

[0040] In this embodiment, the motion of the welding robot arm 31 is controlled by the welding control module 6, so as to drive the motion of the laser welding head 35, so that the laser welding head 35 can accurately reach the position to be welded for welding work. The laser energy controller 33 controls the energy output of the laser welding head 35 by supplying power to the laser energy controller through the laser power supply 32, so that the laser energy of the welder can be accurately regulated according to the physical characteristics such as the depth and size of the weld to avoid energy waste.

[0041] It should be noted that the laser power supply 32 is DC or AC, and the available current value is set to 0-1000A. The laser energy controller 33 is connected to the laser welding head 35 and the laser power supply 32 by controlling optical cable. The laser power during welding can be set to control the output energy of the laser, and the welding mode and path can be selected; Specifically, laser energy controller 33 is one of the fiber laser, solidstate laser, or gas laser, and the laser power range is 1000W-80000W. The laser welding head 35 comprises a laser generator. The laser is one of the fiber laser, solid laser, or gas laser, and the laser power range is 1000W-80000W.

[0042] Furthermore, the output energy of the laser can be calculated using the following formula.

[0043] The total power output of the laser (P0) can be considered as composed of the power required for weld melting (Pf), the power required for weld metal evaporation (Pv), the power required for overheated melt pool metal (Po), and the power required for heat conduction (Pc). Its mathematical expression is as follows:

[0045] where, R is the total absorption rate of the laser hole to the laser.

[0046] The calculation formula for P . is as follows: 100471 Pf = P.^v [cs (Tm - To) + AHF ]

[0048] where, p$ is the average density of the material from room temperature to melting point; / 7 is the average specific heat capacity of the material heated from room temperature to melting point; S is the cross-sectional area of the weld seam; Tm is the melting point of the material; Room temperature T0=298K; p is the latent heat of material melting.

[0049] The calculation formula for P is as follows: V

[0051] where, 1TI is the mass of material evaporated during welding; V EV is the initial velocity at which vapor atoms are ejected; \Ffp^. is the latent heat of material evaporation.

[0052] The calculation formula for Po is as follows: 100531 Po=Svplcl(T-Tm)

[0054] where, Q is average heat capacity of the melt pool metal; p^ is average density of molten metal in the melt pool; p1 is the average temperature of the melt pool metal.

[0055] The calculation formula for P is as follows: ^Pc=SvPscs(Tm-T^rJ 2k

[0057] where, Ks is average thermal diffusivity of the material, is average thermal conductivity of the material.

[0058] In some embodiments, the welding robot arm 31 comprises a slider 311, a first arm 312, a second arm 313, and a third arm 314. The slider 311 is slidably mounted on the stand 4, one end of the first arm 312 is fixedly connected to the slider 311, one end of the second arm 313 is rotatable in a first direction and connected to the end of the first arm 312 away from the slider 311, and the third arm 314 is rotatable in a second direction and connected to the end of the second arm 313 away from the first arm 312; the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0059] In this embodiment, by setting the robotic arm as a multi segment rotatable connection structure, six degrees of freedom motion control of laser welding head 35 can be achieved.

[0060] In some embodiments, the electromagnetic excitation component 5 comprises an electromagnetic power supply 51, an electrode support bracket 52, two sets of electrodes 53, and an electromagnetic generator 54;

[0061] The electromagnetic power supply 51 is mounted on the stand 4, and the electromagnetic power supply 51 is electrically connected with the electrodes 53 to provide electricity to the electrodes 53.

[0062] The electrode support bracket 52 is connected to the stand 4 and can be rotated, and the electrode support bracket 52 is used to change its motion position based on the second motion command sent by the welding control module 6.

[0063] The two sets of electrodes 53 are fixedly installed on the electrode support bracket 52, and the two sets of electrodes 53 are respectively connected with the inner wall and outer wall of the barrels 1. The electrodes 53 generate an electromagnetic field acting on the barrels 1 based on the electrical energy provided by the electromagnetic power supply 51, which is in contact with the barrels 1;

[0064] The electromagnetic generator 54 is installed on the stand 4 and is used to control the waveform, frequency, duty cycle, and current magnitude of the generated high-energy pulse current based on the electromagnetic instructions sent by the welding control module 6.

[0065] In this embodiment, the electromagnetic generator 54 is connected to the electrodes 53 through copper wires, mainly used to generate high-energy pulse current, and can be controlled by the welding control module 6 to generate electric current and magnetic field by controlling the waveform, frequency, duty cycle, and current size of the pulse current.

[0066] In a specific embodiment, in order to better fit the electrodes 53 with the barrels 1 and facilitate rolling motion relative to the barrels 1, the barrels 1 is set to be circular. The high-temperature resistant cylindrical electrodes 53 is connected to the electromagnetic generator and the electrode support bracket 52 respectively. There are two pairs of high-temperature resistant cylindrical electrodes 53, one pair is placed on the upper surface of the barrels 1 to be welded, and the other pair is placed on the lower surface of the barrels 1 to be welded. The high-temperature resistant cylindrical electrodes 53 on the upper and lower surfaces are located on both sides of the weld seam, and the connecting line of the electrodes 53 is perpendicular to the weld seam. Furthermore, the relative position between the high-temperature resistant cylindrical electrodes 53 and the laser spot can be placed in front or behind the laser spot, and can also be in the same horizontal line as the laser spot; The surface of the high-temperature resistant cylindrical electrodes 53 is coated with graphite lubricant, reducing the friction between the electrodes 53 and the cylinder to be welded, and improving the service life of the electrodes 53.

[0067] The electrode support bracket 52 is connected to the laser power supply 32 and the welding control module 6, respectively, to control the movement of the high-temperature resistant cylindrical electrodes 53. The electrode support bracket 52 has three degrees of freedom, which can pitch, rotate, and move, and is fixed in position by fastening bolts.

[0068] The laser welding head 35 comprises a laser generator, which is one of fiber laser, solid-state laser, and gas laser, with a laser power range of 1000W-80000W.

[0069] In some embodiments, the cyclone support component 2 comprises a guide rail group 21, two support blocks 22, and four rollers 23; The guide rail group 21 comprises a first guide rail and a second guide rail, wherein the first guide rail and the second guide rail are relatively 12 spaced apart, and the two ends of the two support blocks are sliding and installed on the first guide rail and the second guide rail respectively. The four rollers are rotatably installed on both ends of the two support blocks, and the barrels 1 are placed on the cylinder support component 2 and are in contact with the rollers 23.

[0070] In this embodiment, by setting a relatively distributed first guide rail and second guide rail, the support block can approach and separate along the guide rail, so that the two barrels to be welded are close to each other, achieving the purpose of automatic movement of barrels. At the same time, by making contact between the rollers and the barrels 1, it can promote the rotation of barrels 1, thereby better completing 360° welding.

[0071] In some embodiments, the three-dimensional welding device for large barrels further comprises an air tank 7 and a laser water cooling machine 8, wherein the air tank 7 is used to provide the protective gas required for welding; The outlet of the laser water cooling machine is oriented towards the laser welding head 35 and the electrodes 53, and is used to provide cooling water for cooling the laser welding head 35 and the electrodes 53.

[0072] In this embodiment, the air tank 7 is used to provide protective gas required for welding. The type of protective gas can be one of argon, helium, and nitrogen, or a mixture of two or more gases; The laser water cooling machine is connected to the laser welding head 35 and the high-temperature resistant cylindrical electrode 53 through cooling pipes. During operation, cooling water is transported to the laser welding head 35 and the high-temperature resistant cylindrical electrodes 53 to absorb the heat generated during operation and improve the service life of the laser.

[0073] In some embodiments, the three-dimensional welding device for large barrels further comprises a CCD high-frequency camera 9, which communicates with the welding control module 6 for real-time acquisition of welding work picture information and transmission of the work picture information to the welding control module 6. The welding control module 6 is used to generate screen display instructions based on the work picture information.

[0074] In this embodiment, the CCD high-frequency camera is connected to the welding robot arm 31 through a CCD camera locking mechanism and used for real-time microscopic observation of the workpiece, and the captured image is transmitted back to the welding control module 6 in real time.

[0075] In some embodiments, the three-dimensional welding device for large barrels further comprises a display screen 10, which communicates with the CCD high-frequency camera and the welding control module 6. The display screen is used to display welding work screen in real time based on screen displayed instructions sent by the welding control module 6.

[0076] In this embodiment, the welding control module 6 is connected to a liquid crystal display screen, a laser energy controller 33, an electrical generator 54, and a CCD high-frequency camera. The liquid crystal display screen is respectively connected to welding control module 6 and CCD high-frequency camera to display a human-machine interaction interface for parameter settings and real-time monitoring images of the CCD high-frequency camera.

[0077] Based on the three-dimensional welding device for large barrels mentioned above, this disclosure embodiment also provides a three-dimensional welding method for large barrels, as shown in FIG. 4. The method comprises:

[0078] S401, placing the two barrels on the cylinder support component;

[0079] S402, controlling motion path and laser welding parameters of the laser welding component based on the welding control module;

[0080] S403, controlling the action path and electromagnetic generation parameters of the electromagnetic excitation component based on the welding control module;

[0081] S404, according to the motion path of the laser welding component, the laser welding parameters, the action path and the electromagnetic generation parameters of the electromagnetic excitation component, performing electromagnetic shock assisted laser welding operation on the barrels to obtain the initial welding state of the barrels;

[0082] S405, based on the welding control module, controlling the secondary action path and secondary electromagnetic generation parameters of the electromagnetic excitation component, and performing electromagnetic shock on the barrels in the initial welding state to obtain the target welding barrels.

[0083] In this embodiment, the welding control module is used to control the movement position and parameter settings of the electromagnetic excitation component and laser welding component, thereby achieving a one-time welding of the barrels to be welded, obtaining the initial welding state of the barrels, and then conducting a separate second 14 electromagnetic shock treatment on the barrels. The second electromagnetic shock mainly uses the thermal and non-thermal effects of high-energy pulse currents to target and regulate the microstructure and macroscopic mechanical properties inside the welded joint. Utilizing the electron wind generated by high-energy pulse currents to reduce dislocation accumulation and entanglement within the heat affected zone and weld seam, reduce residual stress peaks, and make stress distribution more uniform. At the same time, the resistance / magnetic resistance at the micro cracks and pores inside the welded joint is relatively high, which can promote the healing of micro cracks and pores by generating significant thermal stress at the crack tip through the effect of current flow. In addition, high-energy pulse current can directly drive the reconstruction of high-energy unstable atoms in microregions, finely regulate the micro structure of microregions, promote metastable phase transformation, "target" repair damage defects, and significantly reduce welding residual stress and welding deformation.

[0084] In some embodiments, in the process of obtaining the target welding barrels, it also comprises:

[0085] obtaining the real-time welding picture of the barrels based on the CCD high-frequency camera and the display screen, and displaying the welding picture in real time.

[0086] rinsing the laser welding head based on the laser water cooling machine to reduce the working temperature of the laser welding head.

[0087] In this embodiment, the movement speed of the guide rail is 0. Im / min-lOm / s, and the laser welding parameters are: laser power is 100W-50000W, welding speed is lOcm / min-lOm / s, defocus amount is -10mm to 10mm, and gas flow rate is 5L / min-35L / min. During laser welding, a continuous laser mode, a pulse laser mode, or a galvanometer laser mode can be used, as well as a “continuous + galvanometer” mode or a “pulse + galvanometer” mode; The parameters of the electromagnetic generator are: current density of 1 A / mm2-100000 A / mm2, current frequency of 5HZ-500Hz, pulse current duration of Ifs-1000s, pulse current period of 5s-1000s; pulse current can be one or a combination of unidirectional pulse current and bidirectional pulse current; The waveform of pulse current can be one or two or more combinations of square wave, triangular wave, sawtooth wave, sine wave, or cosine wave.

[0088] Furthermore, connecting one end of the CCD high-frequency camera device to the device's interface through a network cable, and the other end to the computer's interface. In addition, it is connected to the power supply through wires and installed at a predetermined angle and distance, and recording and monitoring the change of weld seam in real time during welding process. The installation angle of CCD high-frequency cameras is generally not less than 20 ° from the working plane. The distance between the lens and the weld seam can be adjusted according to different lenses used. If the presented image is not clear, fine adjustments can be made by adjusting the lens focal length and aperture.

[0089] The thickness of the high-temperature resistant cylindrical electrodes is 1 -30mm. with a diameter of 1-100mm. The electrodes are placed on both sides of the cylindrical component, 10-100mm away from the weld seam. The electrode is in reliable contact with the inner and outer sides of the barrels. The electrodes are fixed by a rotatable and movable electrode support device to ensure the distance between the electrode and the weld seam. The other end is connected to power supply to form a closed circuit.

[0090] It is to be understood, however, that even though numerous characteristics and advantages of this disclosure have been set forth in the foregoing description, together with details of the structure and function of the invention, the disclosure is illustrative only, and changes may be made in detail, especially in matters of shape, size, and arrangement of parts within the principles of the invention to the full extent indicated by the broad general meaning of the terms in which the appended claims are expressed. 30 09 24

Claims

1. A three-dimensional welding device for large barrels, comprising two barrels, a cylinder support component, a laser welding component, a stand, an electromagnetic excitation component, and a welding control module; wherein:the barrels can be circular, elliptical, or barrels with variable curvature section, the barrels are placed on the cylinder support component and can be rotated; the cylinder support component comprises a guide rail group, two support blocks, and four rollers; the guide rail group comprises a first guide rail and a second guide rail, wherein the first guide rail and the second guide rail are relatively spaced apart, and the two ends of the two support blocks are sliding and installed on the first guide rail and the second guide rail respectively; the four rollers are rotatably installed on both ends of the two support blocks, and the barrels are placed on the cylinder support component and are in contact with the rollers;the laser welding component is movably installed on the stand, and the laser emission end of the laser welding component is distributed towards the two barrels;the electromagnetic excitation component can be slid along and remain in contact with the two barrels for electromagnetic shock treatment of the two barrels; the electromagnetic excitation component comprises an electromagnetic power supply, an electrode support bracket, two sets of electrodes, and an electromagnetic generator; the electromagnetic power supply is mounted on the stand, and the electromagnetic power supply is electrically connected with the electrodes to provide electricity to the electrodes; the electrode support bracket is connected to the stand and can be rotated, and the electrode support bracket is used to change its motion position based on a second motion command sent by the welding control module; the two sets of electrodes are fixedly installed on the electrode support bracket, and the two sets of electrodes are respectively connected with the inner wall and outer wall of the barrels; the electrodes, which are in contact with the barrels, generate an electromagnetic field acting on the barrels based on the electrical energy provided by the electromagnetic power supply; the electromagnetic generator is installed on the stand and is used to control the waveform, frequency, duty cycle, and current magnitude of the generated high-energy pulse current based on the electromagnetic instructions sent by the welding control module;30 09 24the welding control module communicates with the laser welding component to send a first motion command and a laser command to the laser welding component, and controls the motion of the laser welding component according to the first motion command, as well as controls the laser parameter selection of the laser welding component according to the laser command;the welding control module also communicates with the electromagnetic excitation component to send a second motion command and an electromagnetic command to the electromagnetic excitation component, and controls the motion of the electromagnetic excitation component according to the second motion command, as well as controls the electromagnetic parameter selection of the electromagnetic excitation component according to the electromagnetic instruction.

2. The three-dimensional welding device for large barrels according to claim 1, the laser welding component comprises a welding robot arm, a laser power supply, a laser energy controller, a laser tracker, and a laser welding head;the welding robot arm is movably installed on the stand, and is used to change its working position and working angle based on the first motion command sent by the welding control module;the laser power supply is installed on the stand, and is electrically connected to the laser energy controller to provide electricity to the laser energy controller;the laser energy controller is installed in the middle of the welding robot arm, and communicates with the laser welding head; the laser energy controller is used to control the output energy of the laser welding head;the laser tracker is electrically connected to the laser power supply and communicates with the laser welding head to monitor a relative position information between the laser welding head and the barrels, and sends the relative position information to the welding control module;the laser welding head communicates with the welding control module for laser welding of the barrels based on the relative position information and the laser instruction.

3. The three-dimensional welding device for large barrels according to claim 2, the welding robot arm comprises a slider, a first arm, a second arm, and a third arm; the slider30 09 24is slidably mounted on the stand, one end of the first arm is fixedly connected to the slider, one end of the second arm is rotatable in a first direction and connected to the end of the first arm away from the slider, and the third arm is rotatable in a second direction and connected to the end of the second arm away from the first arm; the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

4. The three-dimensional welding device for large barrels according to claim 1, the three-dimensional welding device for large barrels further comprises an air tank and a laser water cooling machine, wherein the air tank is used to provide protective gas required for welding; the outlet of the laser water cooling machine is oriented towards the laser welding head and the electrodes, and is used to provide cooling water for cooling the laser welding head and the electrodes.

5. The three-dimensional welding device for large barrels according to claim 1, the three-dimensional welding device for large barrels further comprises a CCD high-frequency camera, which communicates with the welding control module for real-time acquisition of welding work picture information and transmission of work picture information to the welding control module; the welding control module is used to generate screen display instructions based on the work picture information.

6. The three-dimensional welding device for large barrels according to claim 5, the three-dimensional welding device for large barrels further comprises a display screen, which communicates with the CCD high-frequency camera and the welding control module; the display screen is used to display welding work screen in real time based on screen displayed instructions sent by the welding control module.

7. A three-dimensional welding method for large barrels, applied to the three-dimensional welding device for large barrels in claim 1, the method comprises:placing the two barrels on the cylinder support component;controlling motion path and laser welding parameters of the laser welding component based on the welding control module;controlling the action path and electromagnetic generation parameters of the electromagnetic excitation component based on the welding control module;according to the motion path of the laser welding component, the laser weldingparameters, the action path and the electromagnetic generation parameters of the electromagnetic excitation component, performing electromagnetic shock assisted laser welding operation on the barrels to obtain the initial welding state of the barrels;based on the welding control module, controlling the secondary action path and secondary electromagnetic generation parameters of the electromagnetic excitation component, and performing electromagnetic shock on the barrels in the initial welding state to obtain the target welding barrels.

8. The three-dimensional welding method for large barrels according to claim 7, in the process of obtaining the target welding barrels, it also comprises:obtaining the real-time welding picture of the barrels, and displaying the welding picture in real time;rinsing the laser welding head based on the laser water cooling machine.30 09 24

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