High-refractive-index substrate

Abstract

To provide a high-refractive-index glass substrate having light guide properties optimized for devices for augmented reality and mixed reality.SOLUTION: The foregoing problem is solved by a glass article that has a refractive index nG of 1.95 or more and an R number of 0.900-1.050.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a high refractive index glass substrate having light-guiding properties optimized for devices for "augmented reality" and "mixed reality," particularly having high transmittance between the UV band edge and 430 nm. "Augmented reality" or AR ("Augmented Reality") is understood to be the extension of visually perceived reality by optically overlaying supplemental objects, features, or information using AR glasses. "Mixed reality" or "mixed reality" encompasses environments or systems in which a user's natural perception and artificial (computer-generated) perception are mixed.

[0002] AR glasses, as so-called "near-eye displays," consist of at least one thin (planar) light guide plate onto which an image is coupled, transported by total internal reflection at the glass / air interface, and projected into the pupil of the eye through an optical grating or partially reflective mirror surface. [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0003] In order to image the largest possible apparent field of view, the conditions for total internal reflection must be met over the largest possible angular range, and the critical angle for total internal reflection is...

number

[0004] The role of a light guide plate that can be manufactured from one or more high refractive index glass substrates is to guide a light beam from an input aperture to one or more output apertures with as little interference as possible. Below, interference that hinders brightness, contrast, and color fidelity is considered. This relates to the visible spectral range VIS that reaches from approximately 400 nm to 700 nm for the human eye. Here, in particular, the blue range of short wavelengths from 430 nm to 480 nm is a technical challenge because here the sensitivity of the human retina as well as the brightness of conventional microdisplays, i.e., micro-LEDs, micro-OLEDs, and LCMOS displays, are also low.

[0005] Preferably, the internal transmittance (Reintransmission) τ at a wavelength of 460 nm and a layer thickness d of 1 cm i is greater than 0.9. At that time, the absorption coefficient is α < 0.1 / cm. Preferably, the absorption coefficient α at a wavelength of 460 nm is at most 0.09 / cm, at most 0.08 / cm, at most 0.07 / cm, at most 0.06 / cm, at most 0.05 / cm, at most 0.04 / cm, or at most 0.03 / cm. The absorption coefficient α at a wavelength of 460 nm can be, for example, at least 0.001 / cm, at least 0.005 / cm, at least 0.01 / cm, or at least 0.02 / cm. The absorption coefficient α at a wavelength of 460 nm can be, for example, in the range of 0.001 / cm to <0.1 / cm, 0.001 / cm to 0.09 / cm, 0.005 / cm to 0.08 / cm, 0.005 / cm to 0.07 / cm, 0.01 / cm to 0.06 / cm, 0.01 / cm to 0.05 / cm, 0.02 / cm to 0.04 / cm, or 0.02 / cm to 0.03 / cm. The internal transmittance τ at a wavelength of 460 nm and a layer thickness d of 1 cm i is, for example, greater than 0.90, at least 0.91, at least 0.92, at least 0.93, at least 0.94, at least 0.95, at least 0.96, or at least 0.97. The internal transmittance τ at a wavelength of 460 nm and a layer thickness d of 1 cm i is, for example, at most 0.999, at most 0.995, at most 0.99, or at most 0.98. The internal transmittance τ at a wavelength of 460 nm and a layer thickness d of 1 cmi can be in the range of, for example, >0.90 to 0.999, 0.91 to 0.999, 0.92 to 0.995, 0.93 to 0.9995, 0.94 to 0.99, 0.95 to 0.99, 0.96 to 0.98, or 0.97 to 0.98.

[0006] When "layer thickness" is mentioned, this relates in particular to the thickness of the sample at which the parameter can be measured. The layer thickness does not relate to the actual thickness of the glass article. The thickness of the glass article is not limited to this layer thickness. Rather, the layer thickness can serve as a reference thickness for describing the internal transmittance.

[0007] The terms "refractive index" (Brechungsindex) and "refractive index value" (Brechzahl) are used synonymously in the present disclosure. The refractive index value n G or the refractive index n G represents the refractive index at a wavelength of 587 nm. In this regard, the above-mentioned "G" represents "green".

[0008] Surprisingly, the transmittance characteristics in the visible spectral range are also controlled via the refractive index value n of the glass G and also via the position λ of the UV band edge of the glass max This can be represented by the R number according to the present invention.

[0009]

Number

[0010] Here, λ R = 656 nm, λ G = 587 nm and λ B = 486 nm are selected. For the range of R considered here, the empirically determined wavelength λ min is approximately constant and can be set to 33 nm.

[0011] Preferably, the refractive index is determined using a refractometer, particularly a V-block refractometer. In this case, a sample with a square or nearly square base (for example, having dimensions of approximately 20 mm × 20 mm × 5 mm) can be used. When measuring with a V-block refractometer, the sample is usually placed in a V-shaped block prism with a known refractive index. The refractive index of the sample can be determined because the refraction of the incident light ray depends on the difference between the refractive index of the sample and the refractive index of the V-block prism. The measurement is preferably performed at a temperature of 22°C.

[0012] Surprisingly, only glasses with a narrow range of R values ​​exhibit optimal properties: for larger R values, while the possible image field certainly increases significantly, transmittance in the blue spectral range deteriorates, resulting in a darker overall image transmitted through the substrate. Furthermore, especially when using color-corrected input and output optics (e.g., using metastructures), significant color-dependent distortion occurs at the edges of the image, either laterally or vertically. For smaller R values, the image is transmitted through the glass more brightly and without interference, but the apparent field of view is noticeably narrower. This means that, for the observer, the area of ​​the image containing virtual objects is significantly smaller than the field of view of the real image. Immersion is diminished by the clipping of virtual objects at the edges of the apparent field of view. Therefore, glasses with R values ​​in the ranges of 0.900~1.050, 0.905~1.045, 0.910~1.040, 0.915~1.035, 0.920~1.030, 0.925~1.025, 0.930~1.020, 0.935~1.015, 0.940~1.010, 0.945~1.005, 0.950~1.000, 0.955~0.995, 0.960~0.990, or >0.965~<0.985 are surprisingly advantageous. The R-number is preferably at least 0.900, at least 0.905, at least 0.910, at least 0.915, at least 0.920, at least 0.925, at least 0.930, at least 0.935, at least 0.940, at least 0.945, at least 0.950, at least 0.955, at least 0.960, or particularly preferably >0.965. The R-number is preferably up to 1.050, up to 1.045, up to 1.040, up to 1.035, up to 1.030, up to 1.025, up to 1.020, up to 1.015, up to 1.010, up to 1.005, up to 1.000, up to 0.995, up to 0.990, or particularly preferably <0.985. R-numbers in the range of >0.965 to <0.985 are particularly advantageous.

[0013] To determine the R number, the UV band edge λ maxThis must be identified. Direct measurements in the UV range can be performed using existing measuring instruments (e.g., Perkin Elmer Lambda 900), but this is technically very complicated for two reasons. On the one hand, measurements must be performed in a vacuum, because otherwise UV radiation will be absorbed by air molecules. On the other hand, glass absorption in this wavelength range is also very large, and glass samples must be shaved very thin to achieve a generally significant signal-to-noise ratio when measuring transmittance.

[0014] Instead of directly measuring the transition of spectral absorption in vacuum UV (VAV), i.e., in the wavelength range of 10 nm to 200 nm, this wavelength range can be approximately interpolated using the Kramers-Kronig relation. This is done by approximating the VAV absorption with a box profile. Based on the Kramers-Kronig relation, the following relationship can be established for refractive index values ​​in the visible spectral range:

number

[0015] Therefore, the bandwidth λ max The following method for identifying this is based on measuring the refractive index value in the visible range.

[0016] Several methods are available for measuring the refractive index of glass in the visible range, the most common being the V-block method described above, which provides inexpensive measurements to five decimal places. For more accurate measurements, a goniometer with minimal deviation across a large number of wavelengths is typically used, achieving an accuracy of six decimal places. For quick, routine measurements, an Abbe refractometer or prism coupler (e.g., Metricon's Model 2020) can be used, achieving an achievable accuracy of four decimal places. In each of the above measurement methods, measurements are preferably performed at a temperature of 22°C.

[0017] First, the refractive index values ​​at at least three wavelengths λ1, λ2, and λ3 in the spectral range of 400 nm to 1000 nm must be determined using the method described above. From there, the parameter λ can be determined by fitting it to Equation 1. max And c can be determined and identified. This is done by the least squares method, i.e., wavelength λ i The refractive index n measured i in Σ i (n i -n(λ i )) 2 →0 is minimized, and here, by Equation 1

number

[0018] Preferably, the refractive index value is specified by exactly three wavelengths λ1, λ2, and λ3 within the spectral range of 400 nm to 1000 nm, particularly λ1 = 486 nm, λ2 = 587 nm, and λ3 = 656 nm, or λ1 = 441 nm, λ2 = 639 nm, and λ3 = 947 nm.

[0019] parameter λ min It is assumed that =33nm is constant.

[0020] The aforementioned problems are resolved by the scope of the patent claims.

[0021] The aforementioned problem is particularly concerning the refractive index n G Glass articles having R numbers in the range of ≥1.95 and 0.900~1.050, wherein the R number is

number

[0022] The present invention is not limited to a specific glass composition. However, the compositions described below have been found to be particularly advantageous. Refractive index n according to the present invention G The increase can be caused in particular by the components of La2O3, Nb2O5, TiO2, Gd2O3 and / or ZrO2. According to the present invention, the band edge λ of the entire glass max The R number can be kept particularly low. Adjusting the sum of the proportions of La2O3, Y2O3, Gd2O3, Yb2O3, and Lu2O3 has been found to be particularly advantageous for adjusting the R number. In particular, the R number can be achieved by increasing the proportion of one or more of these components. In contrast, other conventional oxides, such as Al2O3, CaO, K2O, SrO, WO3, and / or Ta2O5, are not advantageously used or are used only in small proportions. However, to increase the entropy of the system and thus enhance glass formation, components such as BaO, WO3, alkalis, other alkaline earths, and / or ZnO may be used (in some cases, more preferably in small amounts).

[0023] The preferred components for glass formation are SiO2 and / or B2O3. The combined ratio of SiO2 and B2O3 is preferably more than 0 mol%, and especially at least 3.5 mol%. The combined ratio of SiO2 and B2O3 is preferably at least 5.0 mol%, at least 7.5 mol%, at least 8.0 mol%, greater than 8.0 mol%, at least 9.0 mol%, or at least 10.0 mol%. The combined ratio of SiO2 and B2O3 may be, for example, up to 27.5 mol%, up to 25.0 mol%, up to 22.5 mol%, up to 20.0 mol%, less than 20.0 mol%, up to 19.0 mol%, up to 18.0 mol%, up to 17.5 mol%, up to 17.0 mol%, or up to 16.5 mol%. The total ratio of SiO2 to B2O3 may be in the following ranges, for example: >0 mol% to 27.5 mol%, 3.5 mol% to 25.0 mol%, 5.0 mol% to 22.5 mol%, 7.5 mol% to 20.0 mol%, 8.0 mol% to 19.0 mol%, >8.0 mol% to 18.0 mol%, 9.0 mol% to 18.0 mol%, 10.0 mol% to 17.5 mol%, 10.0 mol% to 17.0 mol%, or 10.0 mol% to 16.5 mol%.

[0024] SiO2 is a glass-forming agent. This component contributes to chemical durability. If it is used in very large quantities, the refractive index according to the present invention cannot be achieved. Preferably, the glass contains SiO2 in proportions of 1.0 mol% to 19.0 mol%, 1.0 mol% to 18.0 mol%, 1.0 mol% to 16.5 mol%, 1.5 mol% to 16.0 mol%, 2.0 mol% to 16.0 mol%, 2.5 mol% to 15.5 mol%, or 3.0 mol% to 15.0 mol%. The proportion of SiO2 may be, for example, at least 1.0 mol%, at least 1.5 mol%, at least 2.0 mol%, at least 2.5 mol%, or at least 3.0 mol%. The proportion of SiO2 may be, for example, up to 19.0 mol%, up to 18.0 mol%, up to 16.5 mol%, up to 16.0 mol%, up to 15.5 mol%, or up to 15.0 mol%.

[0025] B2O3 also functions as a glass-forming agent. Preferably, the proportion of B2O3 is in the range of 0.0 mol% to 19.0 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 17.0 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 15.0 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 13.5 mol%, 0.5 mol% to 13.0 mol%, 1.0 mol% to 12.5 mol%, 1.5 mol% to 12.0 mol%, or 2.0 mol% to 12.0 mol%. The proportion of B2O3 may be, for example, at least 0.5 mol%, at least 1.0 mol%, at least 1.5 mol%, or at least 2.0 mol%. The proportion of B2O3 may be, for example, up to 19.0 mol%, up to 17.0 mol%, up to 15.0 mol%, up to 13.5 mol%, up to 13.0 mol%, up to 12.5 mol%, or up to 12.0 mol%. In some embodiments, the proportion of B2O3 may be limited to a maximum of 10.0 mol%, 7.5 mol%, 5.0 mol%, 2.5 mol%, or 1.0 mol%, or the glass may be B2O3-free.

[0026] Adding BaO in addition to other components can increase the entropy in the glass system, which in turn can contribute to glass formation. The presence of BaO in glass is approximately 10 6 dPas to 10 14 It can also be beneficial to increase viscosity and make it steeper in the high viscosity range up to dPas. However, especially with respect to high refractive index glass systems, BaO can have a refractive index reducing effect in particularly large proportions. Preferably, the glass contains BaO in proportions of 1.0 mol% to 20.0 mol%, 2.0 mol% to 18.0 mol%, 3.0 mol% to 17.0 mol%, or 4.0 mol% to 16.0 mol%. The proportion of BaO may be, for example, at least 1.0 mol%, at least 2.0 mol%, at least 3.0 mol%, or at least 4.0 mol%. The proportion of BaO may be, for example, up to 20.0 mol%, up to 18.0 mol%, up to 17.0 mol%, or up to 16.0 mol%. In some embodiments, the proportion of BaO may be limited to a maximum of 10.0 mol%, 7.5 mol%, 5.0 mol%, 2.5 mol%, or 1.0 mol%, or the glass may be BaO-free.

[0027] La2O3 is the band edge λ max This component can keep the refractive index n particularly low while achieving a particularly high R number. Furthermore, by using La2O3, the refractive index n G This can be improved. Preferably, the glass contains La2O3 in proportions of 5.0 mol% to 20.0 mol%, 7.0 mol% to 18.0 mol%, 8.0 mol% to 17.0 mol%, or 8.5 mol% to 16.0 mol%. The proportion of La2O3 may be, for example, at least 5.0 mol%, at least 7.0 mol%, at least 8.0 mol%, or at least 8.5 mol%. The proportion of La2O3 may be, for example, up to 20.0 mol%, up to 18.0 mol%, up to 17.0 mol%, or up to 16.0 mol%.

[0028] Nb2O5 has a refractive index n G It is a component that can enhance [something]. Preferably, the glass contains Nb2O5 in proportions of 0.1 mol% to 20.0 mol%, 0.5 mol% to 18.0 mol%, 1.0 mol% to 17.0 mol%, or 2.0 mol% to 16.0 mol%. The proportion of Nb2O5 may be, for example, at least 0.1 mol%, at least 0.5 mol%, at least 1.0 mol%, or at least 2.0 mol%. The proportion of Nb2O5 may be, for example, up to 20.0 mol%, up to 18.0 mol%, up to 17.0 mol%, or up to 16.0 mol%.

[0029] TiO2 has a refractive index n G This is a component that can enhance [the properties]. Preferably, the glass contains TiO2 in proportions of 28.0 mol% to 65.0 mol%, 30.0 mol% to 62.5 mol%, 32.0 mol% to 60.0 mol%, or 34.0 mol% to 59.0 mol%. The proportion of TiO2 may be, for example, at least 28.0 mol%, at least 30.0 mol%, at least 32.0 mol%, or at least 34.0 mol%. The proportion of TiO2 may be, for example, up to 65.0 mol%, up to 62.5 mol%, up to 60.0 mol%, or up to 59.0 mol%.

[0030] ZrO2 has a refractive index n G It is a component that can enhance [the property]. Preferably, the glass contains ZrO2 in proportions of 1.0 mol% to 11.0 mol%, 2.0 mol% to 10.0 mol%, 3.0 mol% to 9.5 mol%, or 4.0 mol% to 9.0 mol%. The proportion of ZrO2 may be, for example, at least 1.0 mol%, at least 2.0 mol%, at least 3.0 mol%, or at least 4.0 mol%. The proportion of ZrO2 may be, for example, up to 11.0 mol%, up to 10.0 mol%, up to 9.5 mol%, or up to 9.0 mol%.

[0031] Gd2O3 is the band edge λ max This component can keep the refractive index n particularly low while achieving a particularly high R number. Furthermore, by using Gd2O3, the refractive index n G This can increase the Gd2O3 content. Preferably, the Gd2O3 content is in the range of 0.0 mol% to 8.0 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 7.0 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 6.0 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 5.0 mol%, 0.1 mol% to 7.0 mol%, 0.5 mol% to 6.0 mol%, or 1.0 mol% to 5.0 mol%. The Gd2O3 content may be, for example, at least 0.1 mol%, at least 0.5 mol%, or at least 1.0 mol%. The Gd2O3 content may be, for example, up to 8.0 mol%, up to 7.0 mol%, up to 6.0 mol%, or up to 5.0 mol%. In some embodiments, the Gd2O3 content may be limited to up to 4.0 mol%, up to 3.0 mol%, up to 2.0 mol%, up to 1.0 mol%, or up to 0.5 mol%, or the glass may be Gd2O3-free.

[0032] Y2O3 is the band edge λ maxThis component can keep the R value particularly low and achieve a particularly high R number. Preferably, the proportion of Y2O3 is in the range of 0.0 mol% to 5.0 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 4.0 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 3.0 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 2.0 mol%, or 0.1 mol% to 4.0 mol%, 0.2 mol% to 3.0 mol%, or 0.5 mol% to 2.0 mol%. The proportion of Y2O3 may be, for example, at least 0.1 mol%, at least 0.2 mol%, or at least 0.5 mol%. The proportion of Y2O3 may be, for example, up to 5.0 mol%, up to 4.0 mol%, up to 3.0 mol%, or up to 2.0 mol%. In some embodiments, the proportion of Y2O3 may be limited to up to 1.5 mol%, up to 1.0 mol%, up to 0.5 mol%, or up to 0.2 mol%, or the glass may be Y2O3-free.

[0033] Adding ZnO in addition to other components can increase the entropy in the glass system, thereby contributing to glass formation. Preferably, the proportion of ZnO is in the range of 0.0 mol% to 5.0 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 4.0 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 3.0 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 2.0 mol%, or 0.1 mol% to 4.0 mol%, 0.2 mol% to 3.0 mol%, or 0.5 mol% to 2.0 mol%. The proportion of ZnO may be, for example, at least 0.1 mol%, at least 0.2 mol%, or at least 0.5 mol%. The proportion of ZnO may be, for example, up to 5.0 mol%, up to 4.0 mol%, up to 3.0 mol%, or up to 2.0 mol%. In some embodiments, the proportion of ZnO may be limited to up to 1.5 mol%, up to 1.0 mol%, up to 0.5 mol%, or up to 0.2 mol%, or the glass may be ZnO-free.

[0034] Adding WO3 in addition to other components can increase the entropy in the glass system, thereby contributing to glass formation. Preferably, the proportion of WO3 is in the range of 0.0 mol% to 5.0 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 4.0 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 3.0 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 2.0 mol%, 0.1 mol% to 4.0 mol%, 0.2 mol% to 3.0 mol%, or 0.5 mol% to 2.0 mol%. The proportion of WO3 may be, for example, at least 0.1 mol%, at least 0.2 mol%, or at least 0.5 mol%. The proportion of WO3 may be, for example, up to 5.0 mol%, up to 4.0 mol%, up to 3.0 mol%, or up to 2.0 mol%, especially up to 1.5 mol%, up to 1.0 mol%, up to 0.5 mol%, or up to 0.2 mol%. Preferably, the glass does not contain WO3.

[0035] Al2O3 contributes to glass formation. Preferably, the proportion of Al2O3 is in the range of 0.0 mol% to 3.0 mol%, for example, 0.0 mol% to 2.5 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 2.0 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 1.5 mol%, or 0.1 mol% to 2.5 mol%, 0.2 mol% to 2.0 mol%, or 0.5 mol% to 1.5 mol%. The proportion of Al2O3 may be, for example, at least 0.1 mol%, at least 0.2 mol%, or at least 0.5 mol%. The proportion of Al2O3 may be, for example, up to 3.0 mol%, up to 2.5 mol%, up to 2.0 mol%, or up to 1.5 mol%, and especially up to 1.2 mol%, up to 1.0 mol%, up to 0.5 mol%, or up to 0.2 mol%. Preferably, the glass does not contain Al2O3.

[0036] Adding CaO in addition to other components can increase the entropy in the glass system, thereby contributing to glass formation. Preferably, the proportion of CaO is in the range of 0.0 mol% to 1.5 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 1.2 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 1.0 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 0.8 mol%, or 0.1 mol% to 1.2 mol%, 0.2 mol% to 1.0 mol%, or 0.5 mol% to 0.8 mol%. For example, the proportion of CaO may be at least 0.1 mol%, at least 0.2 mol%, or at least 0.5 mol%. For example, the proportion of CaO may be up to 1.5 mol%, up to 1.2 mol%, up to 1.0 mol%, or up to 0.8 mol%, especially up to 0.5 mol%, or up to 0.2 mol%. Preferably, the glass does not contain CaO.

[0037] Adding SrO in addition to other components can increase the entropy in the glass system, thereby contributing to glass formation. Preferably, the proportion of SrO is in the range of 0.0 mol% to 1.5 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 1.2 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 1.0 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 0.8 mol%, or 0.1 mol% to 1.2 mol%, 0.2 mol% to 1.0 mol%, or 0.5 mol% to 0.8 mol%. The proportion of SrO may be, for example, at least 0.1 mol%, at least 0.2 mol%, or at least 0.5 mol%. The proportion of SrO may be, for example, up to 1.5 mol%, up to 1.2 mol%, up to 1.0 mol%, or up to 0.8 mol%, especially up to 0.5 mol%, or up to 0.2 mol%. Preferably, the glass does not contain SrO.

[0038] Adding K2O in addition to other components can increase the entropy in the glass system, thereby contributing to glass formation. Preferably, the proportion of K2O is in the range of 0.0 mol% to 1.5 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 1.2 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 1.0 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 0.5 mol%, or 0.1 mol% to 1.0 mol%, or 0.2 mol% to 0.5 mol%. For example, the proportion of K2O may be at least 0.1 mol%, or at least 0.2 mol%. For example, the proportion of K2O may be up to 1.5 mol%, up to 1.2 mol%, up to 1.0 mol%, or up to 0.8 mol%, and especially up to 0.5 mol%, or up to 0.2 mol%. Preferably, the glass does not contain K2O.

[0039] Preferably, the proportion of Ta2O5 is in the range of 0.0 mol% to 1.5 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 1.2 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 1.0 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 0.5 mol%, 0.1 mol% to 1.0 mol%, or 0.2 mol% to 0.5 mol%. For example, the proportion of Ta2O5 may be at least 0.1 mol%, or at least 0.2 mol%. For example, the proportion of Ta2O5 may be up to 1.5 mol%, up to 1.2 mol%, up to 1.0 mol%, or up to 0.8 mol%, and especially up to 0.5 mol%, or up to 0.2 mol%. Preferably, the glass does not contain Ta2O5.

[0040] Yb2O3 is the band edge λ max This component can keep the R value particularly low and achieve a particularly high R number. Preferably, the proportion of Yb2O3 is in the range of 0.0 mol% to 1.5 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 1.2 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 1.0 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 0.5 mol%, or 0.1 mol% to 1.0 mol%, or 0.2 mol% to 0.5 mol%. The proportion of Yb2O3 may be, for example, at least 0.1 mol%, or at least 0.2 mol%. The proportion of Yb2O3 may be, for example, up to 1.5 mol%, up to 1.2 mol%, up to 1.0 mol%, or up to 0.8 mol%, and especially up to 0.5 mol%, or up to 0.2 mol%. Preferably, the glass does not contain Yb2O3.

[0041] Lu2O3 is the band edge λ max This component can keep the R value particularly low and achieve a particularly high R number. Preferably, the proportion of Lu2O3 is in the range of 0.0 mol% to 5.0 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 4.0 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 3.0 mol%, 0.0 mol% to 2.0 mol%, or 0.1 mol% to 4.0 mol%, 0.2 mol% to 3.0 mol%, or 0.5 mol% to 2.0 mol%. The proportion of Lu2O3 may be, for example, at least 0.1 mol%, at least 0.2 mol%, or at least 0.5 mol%. The proportion of Lu2O3 may be, for example, up to 5.0 mol%, up to 4.0 mol%, up to 3.0 mol%, or up to 2.0 mol%, especially up to 1.5 mol%, up to 1.0 mol%, up to 0.5 mol%, or up to 0.2 mol%. Preferably, the glass does not contain Lu2O3.

[0042] It has been found to be particularly advantageous to adjust the total proportions of La2O3, Y2O3, Gd2O3, Yb2O3, and Lu2O3 to the target. Preferably, the total proportions of La2O3, Y2O3, Gd2O3, Yb2O3, and Lu2O3 are in the range of 12.5 mol% to 20.0 mol%, more preferably 13.5 mol% to 19.0 mol%, more preferably 14.0 mol% to 18.0 mol%, and still more preferably 14.5 mol% to 17.5 mol%. The total proportions of La2O3, Y2O3, Gd2O3, Yb2O3, and Lu2O3 are preferably at least 12.5 mol%, more preferably at least 13.5 mol%, more preferably at least 14.0 mol%, and still more preferably at least 14.5 mol%. The total proportion of La2O3, Y2O3, Gd2O3, Yb2O3, and Lu2O3 is preferably up to 20.0 mol%, more preferably up to 19.0 mol%, even more preferably up to 18.0 mol%, and still more preferably up to 17.5 mol%.

[0043] Furthermore, it has been found to be advantageous when the sum of the proportions of SiO2 and B2O3 is approximately equal to the sum of the proportions of La2O3, Y2O3, Gd2O3, Yb2O3, and Lu2O3. The ratio of the sum of the proportions of SiO2 and B2O3 (in mol%) to the sum of the proportions of La2O3, Y2O3, Gd2O3, Yb2O3, and Lu2O3 (in mol%) is preferably in the range of 0.5:1 to 1.3:1, or 0.5:1 to 1.2:1, particularly in the range of 0.6:1 to 1.1:1, 0.7:1 to 1.1:1, 0.8:1 to 1.1:1, or 0.9:1 to 1.1:1. The ratio of the total (mol%) proportions of SiO2 to B2O3 to the total (mol%) proportions of La2O3, Y2O3, Gd2O3, Yb2O3, and Lu2O3 may be, for example, at least 0.5:1, at least 0.6:1, at least 0.7:1, at least 0.8:1, or at least 0.9:1. The ratio of the total (mol%) proportions of SiO2 to B2O3 to the total (mol%) proportions of La2O3, Y2O3, Gd2O3, Yb2O3, and Lu2O3 may be, for example, up to 1.3:1, up to 1.2:1, or up to 1.1:1. Particularly preferred is the ratio of the total proportions (in mole percent) of SiO2 to B2O3 to the total proportions (in mole percent) of La2O3, Y2O3, Gd2O3, Yb2O3, and Lu2O3 to approximately 1:1, especially 0.95:1 to 1.05:1. The ratio of the total proportions (in mole percent) of SiO2 to B2O3 to the total proportions (in mole percent) of La2O3, Y2O3, Gd2O3, Yb2O3, and Lu2O3 may be, for example, at least 0.95:1 and / or up to 1.05:1.

[0044] In this specification, when it is stated that a glass is free of a certain component or does not contain a particular component, it means that this component may be present in the glass as an impurity at most. This means that it is not added in an essential amount. An essential amount is, according to the present invention, less than 1000 ppm (moles), or less than 300 ppm (moles), preferably less than 100 ppm (moles), particularly preferably less than 50 ppm (moles), and most preferably less than 10 ppm (moles), or less than 5 ppm (moles).

[0045] The glass is preferably free of components not disclosed as glass components in this disclosure, or contains such components in a total content of up to 3.0 mol%, up to 2.0 mol%, up to 1.0 mol%, up to 0.5 mol%, or up to 0.2 mol%. In particular, the glass is preferably free of Fe2O3, Li2O, Na2O, MgO, and / or Pt.

[0046] The glass article may, in particular, contain, or consist of, the following components in the indicated proportions (mol%), or glass made of these components: [Table 1]

[0047] The glass article may, in particular, contain, or consist of, the following components in the indicated proportions (mol%), or glass made of these components: [Table 2]

[0048] The glass article may, in particular, contain, or consist of, the following components in the indicated proportions (mol%), or glass made of these components: [Table 3]

[0049] The glass article may, in particular, contain, or consist of, the following components in the indicated proportions (mol%), or glass made of these components: [Table 4]

[0050] The glass article may, in particular, contain, or consist of, the following components in the indicated proportions (mol%), or glass made of these components: [Table 5]

[0051] The glass article may, in particular, contain, or consist of, the following components in the indicated proportions (mol%), or glass made of these components: [Table 6]

[0052] The glass article may, in particular, contain, or consist of, the following components in the indicated proportions (mol%), or glass made of these components: [Table 7]

[0053] The glass article may, in particular, contain, or consist of, the following components in the indicated proportions (mol%), or glass made of these components: [Table 8]

[0054] The glass article may, in particular, contain, or consist of, the following components in the indicated proportions (mol%), or glass made of these components: [Table 9]

[0055] The glass article according to the present invention has a refractive index n of, for example, at least 1.95, at least 1.96, at least 1.97, at least 1.98, at least 1.99, at least 2.00, at least 2.01, at least 2.02, at least 2.03, at least 2.04, or at least 2.05, in particular at least 2.06, at least 2.07, at least 2.08, at least 2.09, or at least 2.10, at least 2.11, or at least 2.12. G The glass articles according to the present invention may have a refractive index n of, for example, up to 2.25, up to 2.24, up to 2.23, up to 2.22, up to 2.21, up to 2.20, up to 2.19, up to 2.18, up to 2.17, up to 2.16, or up to 2.15. G The glass article according to the present invention may have a refractive index n in the range of, for example, 1.95~2.25, 1.96~2.24, 1.97~2.23, 1.98~2.22, 1.99~2.21, 2.00~2.20, 2.01~2.19, 2.02~2.18, 2.03~2.17, 2.04~2.16, or 2.05~2.16, or 2.10~2.16, or 2.12~2.15. G It may have a refractive index n. G In particular, these may be in the ranges of 2.06-2.25, 2.07-2.24, 2.08-2.23, 2.09-2.22, 2.10-2.21, 2.11-2.20, or 2.12-2.19.

[0056] The glass article according to the present invention may have a thickness in the range of, for example, 0.05 to 3.0 mm, 0.1 to 2.75 mm, 0.15 to 2.5 mm, 0.2 to 2.25 mm, 0.25 to 2.0 mm, 0.3 to 1.8 mm, 0.35 to 1.5 mm, 0.4 to 1.0 mm, or 0.5 to 0.8 mm. The thickness of the glass article may be, for example, at least 0.05 mm, at least 0.1 mm, at least 0.15 mm, at least 0.2 mm, at least 0.25 mm, at least 0.3 mm, at least 0.35 mm, at least 0.4 mm, or at least 0.5 mm. The thickness of the glass article may be, for example, up to 3.0 mm, up to 2.0 mm, up to 1.8 mm, up to 1.5 mm, up to 1.0 mm, or up to 0.8 mm. The glass article may be, in particular, a wafer, a plate, a window glass or an eyeglass glass, or a part thereof.

[0057] The glass article has a surface roughness (secondary roughness (R) of, for example, a maximum of 5 nm, a maximum of 3 nm, a maximum of 1 nm, preferably <1 nm, preferably <0.5 nm, or <0.1 nm. q Or it may have RMS. Roughness depth R t The roughness is advantageously up to 6 nm, more preferably up to 4 nm, and particularly preferably up to 2 nm, for example up to 1 nm, up to 0.5 nm, or up to 0.1 nm. The roughness depth and / or secondary roughness is preferably specified in accordance with DIN EN ISO 4287, and especially in accordance with DIN EN ISO 4287:2010-07. The roughness depth and / or secondary roughness can be specified, for example, using an atomic force microscope (AFM). The test area is, for example, 2 × 2 μm 2 , or 10 × 10 μm 2 That's fine.

[0058] The glass article may have a Knoop hardness of, for example, >600, preferably >630, and particularly preferably >650. The Knoop hardness may be, for example, up to 900, up to 850, or up to 820. The Knoop hardness may be in the range of, for example, >600 to 900, >630 to 850, or >650 to 820.

[0059] The glass article according to the present invention can be manufactured, in particular, using a method that includes molding having a defined cooling rate.

[0060] The present invention also relates to the use of glass articles according to the present invention as wafers for augmented reality applications, in smartphone cameras, and / or as waveguide couplers. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0061] [Figure 1] Figure 1 shows the measured refractive index and the fitting of the measured data to Equation 1 as a dashed curve. From this, λmax can be determined and identified. [Examples]

[0062] The composition of the example glass according to the present invention is shown in the following table (in mole percent). Refractive index n G The R-number is also shown.

[0063] [Table 10-1]

[0064] [Table 10-2]

[0065] [Table 10-3]

[0066] [Table 10-4]

[0067] The following section illustrates how the R number according to the present invention can be determined using the example glass 31.

[0068] The refractive index of glass 31 was measured at three different wavelengths. The results are shown in the table and Figure 1 below.

[0069] [Table 11]

[0070] By fitting to Equation 1, the parameter λ max And c were determined and identified by the least squares method. Wavelength λ i The refractive index value n measured i in Σ i (n i -n(λ i )) 2 →0 is minimized, and here by equation 1,

number

[0071] parameter λ min It was assumed that =33nm was constant.

[0072] From the fitting, λ max 289.9 nm and c=0.25 were identified.

[0073] refractive index n G The value was 2.1359.

[0074] formula

number

Claims

1. Refractive index n G 1.95 or more, and an R number in the range of 0.900 to 1.050, wherein the R number is determined by the following formula: [Equation 1] In the above formula, λ R = 656 nm, λ G = 587 nm and λ B = 486 nm, and λ min = 33 nm, and n G is the refractive index at a wavelength of 587 nm.

2. The glass article of claim 1, comprising a glass containing the following components in the indicated proportions (mol %): Component Proportion (mol%) Yes 2 1.00~16.5 B 2 O 3 0.0~13.5 Al 2 O 3 0.0~3.0 BaO 1.0~20.0 ZnO 0.0~5.0 L 2 O 3 5.0~200 TO 2 28.00-65.00 Nb 2 O 5 0.1~20.0 Gd 2 O 3 0.00~8.0 5 3 0.0~55.0 Y 2 O 3 0.0-5.0 ZrO 2 1.0~11.0 Σά 2 O 3 +Y 2 O 3 +Gd 2 O 3 +Yb 2 O 3 +L5 2 O 3 12.5~20.0。

3. Refractive index n in the range of 2.00 to 2.20 G 10. The glass article of claim 1, wherein

4. 10. The glass article of claim 1, wherein the glass article has a thickness in the range of 0.2 mm to 3.0 mm.

5. Surface roughness R q 2. The glass article of claim 1 having a grain size of less than 1 nm, preferably less than 0.5 nm.

6. 2. A glass article according to claim 1, having a Knoop hardness of more than 600, preferably more than 630, particularly preferably more than 650.

7. Internal transmittance τ at a wavelength of 460 nm and a layer thickness d of 1 cm i 2. The glass article of claim 1, wherein:

8. 2. The glass article of claim 1, wherein the R-number is greater than 0.965 and less than 0.

985.

9. SiO 2 and B 2 O 3 The sum of the proportions (in mole %) of La 2 O 3 , Y 2 O 3 , Gd 2 O 3 , Yb 2 O 3 and Lu 2 O 3 9. A glass article according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the ratio of the proportions (in mole %) of to the total is in the range of 0.5:1 to 1.3:

1.

10. 9. Use of the glass article of any one of claims 1 to 8 as a wafer for augmented reality applications, in a smartphone camera and / or as a waveguide coupler.

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