Quick Release Fittings

Abstract

A quick release fitting is provided that provides a connection between a pair of hydraulic lines. The fitting comprises a male component having a fluid passage therethrough, the male component including a shank portion adapted to engage a first hydraulic line. The shank portion has a first port that establishes fluid communication between the first hydraulic line and the fluid passage. The shank portion also has a restraining mechanism adapted to engage the first hydraulic line and prevent rotational and axial movement of the male component relative to the first hydraulic line. The fitting also comprises a fitting adapter connectable to the male component and having a fluid channel therethrough adapted to be in fluid communication with the fluid passage. The fitting adapter has a second port that is adapted to engage a second hydraulic line and establishes fluid communication between the second hydraulic line and the fluid channel.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE This disclosure relates generally to fittings, and more particularly to quick release fittings for use with hydraulic lines. [Background technology]

[0002] Several types of fittings are used in the fluid transport industry. For example, push-to-connect or "quick release fittings" are different, even if some of the applications and structures are similar to other known fittings. Quick release fittings are widely used in the pneumatic industry and for low pressure applications, but are not designed for higher pressure applications, such as for transporting fluids in heavy machinery where pressurized fluids are flowing and torsional constraints exist. For example, hydraulic lines, which are mostly constructed of braided or intertwined metal wires or synthetic plastic materials, are very susceptible to torsional constraints.

[0003] Swivel fittings are components that allow two or more hydraulic lines to be interconnected axially or angularly and reduce torsional constraints that may affect their physical integrity or internal structure. Quick release fittings often consist of a male connector with a circumferential groove that allows the ball bearings of the female connector to be captured in this groove. The assembly is thus free to rotate, while axial movement is eliminated. It is therefore similar in many respects to a rotary joint consisting of one or more rows of balls and seals. The pressurized hydraulic fluid, together with the rotation of known rotary joints and swivel fittings, accelerates the wear and tear of the various seals within the fittings, which requires frequent maintenance, repairs and replacements. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] U.S. Patent No. 8,047,579 Summary of the Invention [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] According to one aspect, a quick release coupling is provided for providing a connection between a first fluid line provided with a female component including a ball bearing assembly and a second fluid line. The quick release coupling comprises a male component having a fluid passage therethrough, the male component including a body portion having an inner surface at least partially defining the fluid passage, and a shank portion extending from the body portion and adapted to engage the female component of the first fluid line, the shank portion having a shank portion port adapted to establish fluid communication between the first fluid line and the fluid passage, the shank portion adapted to engage the ball bearing assembly and including a restraining mechanism adapted to prevent rotational and axial movement of the male component relative to the first fluid line upon engagement with the first fluid line. The quick release fitting also includes a fitting adapter having a fluid channel passing therethrough and securable to the male component proximate the body portion to establish fluid communication between the fluid channel and the fluid passage, the fitting adapter including an adapter port adapted to engage a second fluid line and establish fluid communication between the second fluid line and the fluid channel.

[0006] According to a possible embodiment, the shank portion has an outer surface and the restraining mechanism is provided along the outer surface of the shank portion.

[0007] According to a possible embodiment, the restraining mechanism includes a groove extending circumferentially around the shank portion, the groove being shaped and adapted to receive a ball bearing assembly to prevent axial movement of the male component.

[0008] According to a possible embodiment, the groove extends circumferentially around the shank portion in a single plane.

[0009] According to a possible embodiment, the groove extends partially around the shank portion such that the groove includes a first end and a second end that are spaced apart from each other and define a non-grooved portion therebetween.

[0010] According to a possible embodiment, the non-grooved portion is shaped and adapted to engage the ball bearing assembly between a pair of adjacent bearing balls to prevent rotational movement of the male component.

[0011] According to a possible embodiment, the restraining mechanism further includes a detent adapted to engage the ball bearing assembly to prevent rotational movement of the male component.

[0012] According to a possible embodiment, the detent includes a number of recesses along the groove that receive respective bearing balls of the ball-bearing assembly to prevent rotational movement of the male component.

[0013] According to a possible embodiment, the detent includes a protrusion extending from the shank portion, the protrusion shaped and sized to engage the ball bearing assembly between a pair of adjacent bearing balls to prevent rotational movement of the male component.

[0014] According to a possible embodiment, the protrusion extends from within the groove.

[0015] According to a possible embodiment, the projection is integrally formed with the shank portion or welded to the shank portion.

[0016] According to a possible embodiment, the quick release fitting further comprises a valve assembly operable to control the flow of fluid along the fluid passage of the male component before, during and after engagement of the shank portion with the first fluid line.

[0017] According to a possible embodiment, the valve assembly includes a valve head disposed in the fluid passage adjacent the shank portion port, the valve head being operable between a closed position in which fluid flow is prevented through the shank portion port, and an open position, the valve assembly further including a head spring connected to the valve head and adapted to bias the valve head to the closed position.

[0018] According to a possible embodiment, the valve assembly includes a valve body disposed within the fluid passage along the body portion, the valve body being operable between a closed position in which fluid flow through the fluid passage is prevented and an open position in which fluid flow through the fluid passage is permitted, the valve assembly further including a body spring connected to the valve body and adapted to bias the valve body to the closed position.

[0019] According to a possible embodiment, the fitting adapter further comprises a housing having an inner surface including at least one radial surface and at least one axial surface, the inner surface defining a cavity having an open end, the body portion of the male component shaped and sized to engage the cavity via the open end and abut the at least one radial surface.

[0020] According to a possible embodiment, the quick release coupling further comprises a nut securable within the cavity of the housing and surrounding a section of the shank portion to radially constrain the male component, the nut adapted to axially constrain the body portion within the cavity and adapted to rotate the male component relative to the housing and the nut about the longitudinal axis of the shank portion, thereby enabling the first and second fluid lines to be pivotally interconnected.

[0021] According to a possible embodiment, the quick release coupling further comprises a thrust washer surrounding the shank portion between the nut and the body portion.

[0022] According to a possible embodiment, the shank portion includes a radially outwardly extending flange having a flange surface that is generally perpendicular to an outer surface of the shank portion and faces the nut, and the quick release fitting further includes an outer sealing element surrounding the shank portion and extending between the flange surface and the nut.

[0023] According to another aspect, there is provided a male component of a quick release coupling for connection to a hydraulic line provided with a female component including a ball bearing assembly, the male component including a shank portion having a fluid passage therethrough extending along a longitudinal axis and adapted to engage the hydraulic line, the shank portion having a shank portion port adapted to establish fluid communication between the hydraulic line and the fluid passage, the shank portion including a restraining mechanism adapted to engage the ball bearing assembly to prevent rotation of the male component about the longitudinal axis.

[0024] According to a possible embodiment, the shank portion has an outer surface and the restraining mechanism is provided along the outer surface of the shank portion.

[0025] According to a possible embodiment, the restraining mechanism includes a groove extending circumferentially around the shank portion, the groove being shaped and adapted to receive a ball bearing assembly to prevent axial movement of the male component along the longitudinal axis.

[0026] According to a possible embodiment, the restraining mechanism further includes a detent adapted to engage the ball bearing assembly to prevent rotational movement of the male component.

[0027] According to a possible embodiment, the detent includes a number of recesses along the groove that receive respective bearing balls of the ball-bearing assembly to prevent rotational movement of the male component.

[0028] According to a possible embodiment, the detent includes a protrusion extending from the shank portion, the protrusion shaped and sized to engage the ball bearing assembly between a pair of adjacent bearing balls to prevent rotational movement of the male component.

[0029] According to a possible embodiment, the protrusion extends from within the groove.

[0030] According to a possible embodiment, the projection is integrally formed with the shank portion or welded to the shank portion.

[0031] According to another aspect, a quick release coupling is provided for providing a connection between a pair of hydraulic lines. The quick release coupling includes a male component having a fluid passage therethrough, the male component including a shank portion adapted to engage a first hydraulic line, the shank portion having a first port adapted to establish fluid communication between the first hydraulic line and the fluid passage, the shank portion adapted to cooperatively engage the first hydraulic line and including a restraining mechanism adapted to prevent rotational and axial movement of the male component relative to the first hydraulic line upon engagement with the first hydraulic line. The quick release coupling also includes a fitting adapter connectable to the male component and having a fluid channel therethrough adapted to be in fluid communication with the fluid passage, the fitting adapter including a second port adapted to engage a second hydraulic line and to establish fluid communication between the second hydraulic line and the fluid channel.

[0032] According to another aspect, there is provided a use of a quick release coupling for providing a connection between a pair of hydraulic lines. The quick release coupling comprises a male component having a fluid passage therethrough, the male component including a shank portion adapted to engage a first hydraulic line, the shank portion having a first port adapted to establish fluid communication between the first hydraulic line and the fluid passage, the shank portion adapted to cooperatively engage the first hydraulic line and including a restraining mechanism adapted to prevent rotational and axial movement of the male component relative to the first hydraulic line upon engagement with the first hydraulic line. The quick release coupling also comprises a fitting adapter connectable to the male component and having a fluid channel therethrough adapted to be in fluid communication with the fluid passage, the fitting adapter including a second port adapted to engage a second hydraulic line and to establish fluid communication between the second hydraulic line and the fluid channel.

[0033] According to a possible embodiment, the quick release coupling is adapted to operate between approximately 0 psi and 5000 psi.

[0034] According to another aspect, there is provided the use of a quick release coupling as defined above to provide a connection between a pair of hydraulic lines.

[0035] According to another aspect, there is provided a method of connecting a first fluid line to a second fluid line using a quick release coupling as defined above, the method including connecting a coupling adapter to the second fluid line and engaging the shank portion with the first fluid line to inhibit rotational and axial movement of the quick release coupling relative to the first fluid line.

[0036] According to another aspect, a method of connecting a first fluid line provided with a female component to a second fluid line is provided, the method including connecting a first end of a hydraulic fitting to the second fluid line, and connecting a second end of the hydraulic fitting to the first fluid line, the second end being provided with a male component configured to engage the female component and inhibit rotational and axial movement of the male component relative to the female component.

[0037] According to a possible embodiment, the hydraulic joint is a quick release joint. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0038] [Figure 1] FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a quick-release joint provided with a restraining mechanism that prevents movement of a portion of the quick-release joint, according to a possible embodiment; [Diagram 2] 2 is a side view of the quick release fitting shown in FIG. 1 showing a male component and fitting adapter extending at opposing ends of the quick release fitting according to one embodiment. [Diagram 3] 2 is a front view of the quick release fitting shown in FIG. 1 showing a valve head disposed within a port of the fitting according to one embodiment. [Figure 4] 4 is a cross-sectional view of the quick release fitting shown in FIG. 3 taken along line 4-4 illustrating fluid passageways extending through a housing of the quick release fitting according to one embodiment. [Diagram 5] 11A-11C are top views of various embodiments of a male component showing possible embodiments of a restraining mechanism. [Figure 6] 11A-11C are top views of various embodiments of a male component showing possible embodiments of a restraining mechanism. [Figure 7] 11A-11C are top views of various embodiments of a male component showing possible embodiments of a restraining mechanism. [Figure 8] 11A-11C are top views of various embodiments of a male component showing possible embodiments of a restraining mechanism. [Figure 9]FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a quick release joint according to an alternative embodiment. [Figure 10] 10 is a side view of the quick release fitting shown in FIG. 9 showing a male component and fitting adapter extending at opposing ends of the quick release fitting according to one embodiment. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a front view of the quick release fitting shown in FIG. 9 showing a valve head disposed within a port of the fitting according to one embodiment. [Figure 12] 12 is a cross-sectional view of the quick release fitting shown in FIG. 11 taken along line 12-12, illustrating a pressure relief device provided within the valve body, according to one embodiment. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a swivel joint according to an alternative embodiment. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a side view of the swivel fitting shown in FIG. 13 showing the male component coupled into the fitting adapter by a nut, according to one embodiment. [Figure 15] FIG. 14 is a front view of the swivel fitting shown in FIG. 13 showing the valve head disposed within the port of the male component according to one embodiment. [Figure 16] 16 is a cross-sectional view of the swivel fitting shown in FIG. 15 taken along line 16-16, illustrating a flange portion of the male component disposed between the inner surface of the housing of the fitting adapter and the nut, according to one embodiment. [Figure 17] FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a swivel joint according to an alternative embodiment. [Figure 18] FIG. 18 is a side view of the swivel fitting shown in FIG. 17 showing the male component coupled into the fitting adapter by a nut, according to one embodiment. [Figure 19] 18 is a front view of the swivel fitting shown in FIG. 17 showing the male component port, according to one embodiment. [Figure 20] 20 is a cross-sectional view of the swivel fitting shown in FIG. 19 taken along line 20-20 illustrating the shank portion of the male component being coupled to a flange portion provided within a housing of a fitting adapter according to one embodiment. [Figure 20A]21 is an enlarged view of a portion of the swivel joint shown in FIG. 20 showing a pair of sealing rings disposed around the shank portion between the shank portion and the nut, according to one embodiment. [Figure 21] FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a swivel joint according to an alternative embodiment. [Figure 22] 22 is a cross-sectional view of the swivel fitting shown in FIG. 21 showing the shank portion defining a female connection according to one embodiment. [Figure 23] FIG. 13 is a top view of a fitting, showing the fitting cartridge, according to a possible embodiment. [Figure 24] FIG. 13 is a top view of a joint, showing a swivel joint, according to a possible embodiment. [Diagram 25] FIG. 13 is a top view of a fitting, showing a quick release male fitting, according to a possible embodiment. [Figure 25B] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a multi-port swivel assembly in which various embodiments of couplings are provided, according to one embodiment. [Figure 25C] FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of an alternative embodiment of a fitting showing a threaded connection port. [Figure 26] FIG. 1 illustrates a top view of a pair of swivel fittings coupled to a multi-port swivel assembly according to one embodiment. [Figure 27] FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a fitting provided with a crimp fit according to an alternative embodiment; [Figure 28] 28 is a side view of the fitting shown in FIG. 27 showing the fitting adapter and crimp fit extending at opposing ends of the fitting, according to one embodiment. [Figure 29] FIG. 28 is a front view of the fitting shown in FIG. 27 according to one embodiment. [Diagram 30] 30 is a cross-sectional view of the quick release fitting shown in FIG. 29 taken along line 30-30 illustrating fluid passageways extending through a housing of the quick release fitting according to one embodiment. [Diagram 31] 1 is a depiction of a possible application including one or more fittings, showing a fishing vessel pump prior to being submerged. [Diagram 32] 1 is a depiction of a possible application including one or more fittings, showing a fishing vessel pump submerged for operation. [Diagram 33] 1 is an illustration of a hydraulic machine including a coupling installed in a vertical configuration, according to a possible embodiment. [Diagram 34] FIG. 13 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of a fitting showing a latching element having an elongated shape and extending partially circumferentially into the port of the male component. [Diagram 35] FIG. 13 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of a fitting showing a latching element having an elongated shape and extending partially circumferentially into the port of the male component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0039] As described below in connection with various embodiments, the present disclosure describes devices and systems that provide improved connections for hydraulic machines, such as quick release couplings configured to be connected to and between hydraulic lines. The present disclosure describes quick release couplings that are easily and reliably connectable to hydraulic lines adapted to transport hydraulic fluid at high pressure. The quick release couplings can include a male component shaped and sized to engage with a female component of the hydraulic line. The male component includes a restraining mechanism adapted to prevent movement of the male component relative to the hydraulic line (e.g., relative to the female component) when connected to the hydraulic line. The female component traditionally includes a ball bearing assembly adapted to prevent axial movement of the male component while allowing rotation of the male component when connected to the male component. The restraining mechanism described herein can further be adapted to prevent rotational movement of the male component. For example, the restraining mechanism can include a detent shaped and sized to extend between a pair of adjacent balls of the ball bearing assembly to prevent rotation of the male component.

[0040] It is noted, therefore, that the male components are caused to remain generally stationary relative to the hydraulic lines by the restraining mechanism. It is further understood that preventing movement of the male components relative to the hydraulic lines can increase the life and efficiency of the various sealing components of the quick release fitting, which sustains lower stresses, lower friction, lower compressive forces, etc. due to the stationary assembly of the male components.

[0041] The quick release fittings can be configured to allow for the transport of hydraulic fluid for a variety of operations. The fittings can be implemented in a variety of equipment, machines and devices, such as forestry combo harvesters, industrial reapers, small tracked loader attachments, agricultural attachments, among others. As described herein, the hydraulic fittings can be adapted to provide an interconnection between two fluid lines. Although the fittings can allow for a coaxial interconnection of two fluid lines, it should be understood that the fittings can be adapted to provide different interconnections, such as a 90° connection or a diagonal connection. Alternatively or additionally, the quick release fittings can include an integrated swivel assembly adapted to allow for movement of one or more hydraulic lines connected to the quick release fittings and provide a permanent sealing performance prior to servicing.

[0042] 1-4, an example quick release fitting 10 (or simply "fitting") is shown for interconnecting and establishing fluid communication between a pair of fluid lines. The fitting 10 includes one or more components that are connected to one another and define a central passageway 12 through the fitting 10. Thus, a fluid, such as hydraulic fluid, can flow through the fitting 10 via the central passageway 12. In some embodiments, the fitting 10 connects the fluid lines to one another by including a first component configured to engage a first fluid line and a second component configured to engage a second fluid line. The first and second components are secured to one another and each define a portion of the central passageway 12. In this embodiment, the central passageway 12 is generally longitudinal, and an inlet of the first component is substantially aligned with an inlet of the second component. However, it will be appreciated that other configurations are possible, such as having a curved or bent central passageway 12.

[0043] In this embodiment, the first component of the fitting 10 may include a male component 14 defining a fluid passageway 15 therethrough and having a body portion 16 and a shank portion 18 extending from a first side of the body portion 16. As seen in FIG. 4 , the male component 14 has an inner surface 20 extending along the body portion 16 and the shank portion 18 that define the fluid passageway 15. Additionally, as will be described further below, the shank portion 18 includes a first port, or male component port 22, configured to engage a first fluid line and establish fluid communication between the first fluid line and the fluid passageway 15.

[0044] In this embodiment, the second component of the fitting 10 includes a fitting adapter 24 that defines a fluid channel 25 therethrough. The fitting adapter 24 is securable to the male component 14 such that the fluid channel 25 is in communication with the fluid passage 15. In this embodiment, the combination of the fluid passage 15 and the fluid channel 25 form the central passage 12 of the fitting 10, although it is noted that other configurations are possible. In this embodiment, the fitting adapter 24 is adapted to be secured to the body portion 16 of the male component 14 opposite the shank portion 18. For example, the body portion 18 and the fitting adapter 24 can have complementary threads that allow the fitting adapter 24 to be threadedly engaged with the body portion 18. In some embodiments, the fitting 10 includes an adapter seal 28 disposed between the fitting adapter 24 and the male component 14 to further secure the components together and prevent fluid from leaking between the fitting adapter 24 and the male component 14. 2 and 4, the fitting adapter 24 is provided with an adapter port 26 adapted to engage a second fluid line and establish fluid communication between the second fluid line and the fluid channel 25. It is noted that the first and second fluid lines are thus fluidly connected via the fitting 10, whereby fluid may flow in either direction through the fluid channel 25 and the fluid passage 15.

[0045] 1-4, the fitting 10 may be provided with a valve assembly 30 configured to control the flow of fluid through the fitting 10 (e.g., through the male component 14, through the fitting adapter 24, or a combination thereof). The valve assembly 30 may be operable between a closed configuration in which fluid flow through the first port 22 is prevented, and an open configuration in which fluid flow through the first port 22 is permitted. In this embodiment, the valve assembly 30 includes a valve head 32 disposed along the fluid passageway 15, and more specifically within the first port 22. The valve head 32 is adapted to move between a closed position (seen in FIG. 4) in which the valve head 32 blocks the first port 22, and an open position in which the valve head 32 is displaced such that the first port 22 is unblocked.

[0046] In this embodiment, the valve assembly 30 includes a resilient element 34 coupled to the valve head 32 and configured to bias the valve head 32 to the closed position. For example, the resilient element 34 may include a spring 35 operably connected to the valve head 32 to bias the valve head 32 to the closed position. As seen in FIG. 4 , the spring 35 may extend along the fluid passage 15 and abut an inner surface of the fitting adapter 24. It is noted that opening the valve assembly 30 (i.e., moving the valve head 32 to the open position) includes moving the valve head 32 further into the fluid passage 15 (i.e., toward the fitting adapter 24), thereby compressing the spring 35 and opening the first port 22. In some embodiments, the female component may be provided with an actuator, such as a stem, configured to press against the valve head 32 upon engagement of the shank portion 18 with the first fluid line. In other words, the valve head is retracted inwardly of the male component while being pressed against the stem of the female component, thereby opening the first port 22. The valve head 32 illustratively has a flat outer surface 36 that is adapted to be substantially flush with the end of the shank portion 18 when in the closed position.

[0047] In some embodiments, the shank portion 18 includes a restraining mechanism 40 adapted to prevent the male component 14 from undesirably or inadvertently dislodging from the first fluid line. For example, the restraining mechanism 40 may be provided along an outer surface of the shank portion 18 that engages an inner surface of the first fluid line. Conventionally, the first fluid line may include a female component (not shown) with a ball bearing assembly circumferentially mounted along the inner surface. Additionally, as seen in FIGS. 1, 2 and 4, the restraining mechanism 40 includes a groove 42 that extends circumferentially around the shank portion 18 and is shaped and sized to receive the ball bearing assembly. Thus, when the shank portion 18 engages the first fluid line, the ball bearing assembly and the groove 42 cooperate with one another to prevent axial movement of the male component 14 relative to the first fluid line, thereby preventing dislodging from the first fluid line.

[0048] In some embodiments, the restraining mechanism 40 is further adapted to prevent rotational movement of the male component 14 relative to the first fluid line. More specifically, it is noted that a ball bearing assembly may allow rotation of the male component 14 about its longitudinal axis (A). However, the restraining mechanism 40 may include a detent 44 shaped and sized to engage the ball bearing assembly to prevent rotation of the male component 14. The detent 44 may be fixedly connected to the shank portion 18 such that engagement of the detent 44 with the ball bearing assembly prevents rotation of the shank portion 18 (and thus the male component 14) about the longitudinal axis in either direction. As seen in FIG. 2, the detent 44 may include a protrusion 46 extending from the shank portion 18, the protrusion 46 shaped and sized to extend between a pair of adjacent ball bearings to prevent rotation of the male component relative to the first fluid line.

[0049] In this embodiment, the protrusion 46 extends from within the groove 42 to facilitate its engagement with a ball bearing assembly (e.g., between a pair of adjacent ball bearings). Additionally, the protrusion 46 may be integrally formed as part of the shank portion 18 (e.g., when machining the groove 42), although it will be appreciated that other configurations are possible. For example, with reference to FIGS. 5-8, the detent 44 may be provided about the shank portion 18, between the body portion 16 and the groove 42 (see FIGS. 5 and 6) or within the groove 42 (see FIGS. 7 and 8). In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the detent 44 may include a ball 48 or dome-shaped element connected to and extending from the shank portion 18 to engage a female component of the first fluid line. It should be noted that the female component may require an additional complementary shaped element configured to engage the ball 48 to inhibit rotational movement of the male component. The ball 48 may be spot welded to the shank portion 18, may be integrally formed with the shank portion 18, or may be connected to the shank portion 18 using any suitable method.

[0050] 6, the detents 44 may include projections 50 disposed along the exterior surface of the shank portion 18 between the body portion 16 and the groove 42. In a manner similar to the ball 48, the projections 50 are configured to engage a complementary feature of the female component that inhibits rotation of the male component. In some embodiments, the complementary feature includes a recess (not shown) having a shape that matches the shape of the projections 50, such that the male component 14 engages the female component in a predetermined orientation. It is understood that the male component 14 may include a plurality of detents 44 disposed about the shank portion 18 both within and / or near the groove 42.

[0051] In yet another embodiment, as seen in FIG. 7, the detent 44 can include one or more recesses 52 disposed about the shank portion 18 and / or within the groove 42. The recesses 52 are shaped and sized to receive ball bearings of a ball bearing assembly such that rotation of the male component 14 about the longitudinal axis is prevented. It is noted that a ball bearing assembly includes a finite number of ball bearings, and the detent 44 can include any suitable number of recesses 52, such as less than, more than, or the same as the number of ball bearings. For example, the ball bearing assembly can include 12 ball bearings and the detent 44 can include 24 recesses 52 to facilitate engagement of the ball bearings with the detent.

[0052] 8, in this embodiment, the detents 44 include protrusions 46 disposed along the grooves 42 and further include balls 48 connected to and extending from the protrusions 46. The protrusions 46 may be adapted to prevent rotation of the male component 14 upon engagement with the female component, while the balls 48 may facilitate positioning the male component 14 to have a pair of adjacent ball bearings on either side of the protrusions 46. It should be noted that the detents 44 of the restraining mechanism 40 may include any suitable components, features, or combinations thereof to prevent rotation of the male component 14. For example, the detents 44 may include recesses 52 disposed along the grooves 42 in addition to having a protrusion 50 extending from the body portion 18 between the pair of adjacent ball bearings. It is understood that any other combination of detents 44 may be used and is possible.

[0053] 9-12, another embodiment of the fitting 10 will now be described. The shank portion 18 and associated components (e.g., restraining mechanism 40) may be substantially similar to the previously described embodiment and may be adapted to engage a first fluid line and prevent axial and rotational movement of the male component. In this embodiment, the body portion 16 is elongated and includes an interior surface adapted to define one or more internal cavities 60 along the fluid passageway 15. More specifically, referring to FIG. 12, the internal cavities 60 may include a first cavity 62 proximate the shank portion 18 and a second cavity 64 proximate the fitting adapter 24 when the fitting adapter 24 is connected to the male component 14.

[0054] In this embodiment, the valve assembly 30 further includes a valve body 70 mounted along the fluid passage 15, such as in the second cavity 64, and adapted to block fluid flow between the first cavity 62 and the second cavity 64. The valve body 70 is adapted to move between a closed position, in which the valve body 70 blocks the fluid passage 15 between the first cavity 62 and the second cavity 64, and an open position, in which the valve body 70 is displaced such that fluid flow is permitted. As seen in FIG. 12 , the inner surface of the body portion 16 may include an abutment surface 17 shaped and sized to abut the valve body 70 to block fluid flow through the fluid passage 15. The valve assembly 30 may also include a second resilient element 72, such as a second spring 73, configured to bias the valve body 70 to the closed position (e.g., bias the valve body 70 against the abutment surface 17).

[0055] Additionally, the valve assembly 30 may include a valve disc actuator 71 configured to displace the valve disc 70 from a closed position to an open position, thereby compressing the second spring 73 and allowing fluid flow. In this embodiment, the valve disc actuator 71 includes a shaft 74 connected to the valve head 32 and extending from the valve head 32 into the fluid passage 15. It is noted that engagement of the male component with the female component of the first fluid line thus causes the valve head 32 to retract into the fluid passage 15, after which the shaft 74 engages and presses against the valve disc 70 to move the valve disc 70 to the open position. Thus, the distance between the shaft head 77 and the valve disc 70 allows the shank portion 18 to at least partially engage the female component before fluid communication is established between the first and second fluid lines.

[0056] In some embodiments, it may be desirable to at least partially control pressure within fitting 10, such as within fluid channel 25 and fluid passageway 15 (e.g., within first cavity 62 and / or second cavity 64) to prevent failure or damage caused by pressure differentials or pressurization problems. For example, hydraulic fluid may be provided to second cavity 64 via the second fluid line while valve body 70 blocks fluid flow to first cavity 62. It is noted that, therefore, while pressure in first cavity 62 remains low (e.g., zero), pressure in second cavity 64 increases, making it difficult to move valve body 70 to an open position to provide hydraulic fluid to the first fluid line. Thus, in some embodiments, valve body 70 may include a pressure relief device 76 operable to eliminate or at least reduce pressure in first cavity 62 and second cavity 64 prior to moving valve body 70 to an open position.

[0057] In this embodiment, still referring to FIG. 12 , the valve body 70 has a bore 75 defined therein, the bore 75 having a first end communicating with the first cavity 62 and a second end communicating with the second cavity 64. A pressure relief device 76 may be coupled to the valve body 70 within the bore 75 and operable to selectively relieve pressure within the second cavity to facilitate opening the valve body 70 (e.g., moving it to an open position). More specifically, the pressure relief device 76 may include an obstruction component, such as a plug 78, disposed within the bore 75 and shaped and configured to block the flow of fluid therethrough. The plug 78 may be displaced to allow a limited flow of fluid from the second cavity 64 to the first cavity 62, thereby reducing (e.g., eliminating) the pressure in the second cavity 64, or at least providing pressure balance between the first and second cavities (e.g., approximately the same pressure in each cavity), thereby facilitating displacement of the valve disc 70 into the second cavity 64 to operate the valve disc 70 to an open position.

[0058] In some embodiments, the bore 75 may include a seat 80 adapted to seat the plug 78 when blocking fluid flow through the bore 75. As seen in FIG. 12, in this embodiment, the seat 80 is provided near the first end of the bore 75 (i.e., near the first cavity 62), and the plug 78 engages the seat 80 to block fluid flow through the bore 75. It is noted that the plug 78 is movable between a seated position, in which the plug 78 engages the seat 80 to block fluid flow, and an unseatable position, in which the plug 78 is displaced and disengaged from the seat 80 to allow fluid flow between the first cavity 62 and the second cavity 64. In this embodiment, the pressure relief device 76 further includes a plug biasing element 82 operably connected to the plug 78 and configured to bias the plug 78 to the seated position. As will be further described below, the pressure relief device 76 may be operable to apply a force to the plug 78 to displace and unseat the plug 78. When the force is removed, the plug biasing element 82 is configured to return the plug 78 to its seated position, thereby preventing fluid flow through the bore 75 as before.

[0059] In this embodiment, the pressure relief device 76 further includes a cap 84 shaped and sized to fit within the bore 75 to at least partially restrict the flow of fluid therethrough. In this embodiment, the cap 84 is connected to the valve body 70 within the bore 75 by an interference fit, although other connection methods are possible, such as by fasteners, keyjoint connections, adhesives, etc. The cap 84 is illustratively disposed near the second end of the bore 75, thereby residing on the side of the second cavity 64. As seen in FIG. 12, the plug biasing element 82 is connected to the cap 84 and extends between the cap 84 and the plug 78. Additionally, the cap 84 includes a cap passage 85 defined therein that allows for the flow of fluid from the second cavity 64 to the bore 75. Thus, when fluid is introduced into the second cavity 64 (e.g., via a second fluid line), the fluid can flow into the bore 75 via the cap passage 85, but the flow of fluid into the first cavity 62 is blocked by the plug 78 when the plug 78 is in the seated position.

[0060] As previously described, engagement of the fitting 10 with the female component of the first fluid line retracts the valve head 32 into the fluid passage 15, after which the shaft head 77 engages and presses against the valve body 70. Additionally, when the plug 78 is in the seated position, a portion of the plug 78 may extend into the first cavity 62. For example, in the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 12, the plug 78 includes a generally spherical body 79 configured to engage the seat 80 such that a portion of the spherical body 79 communicates with the first cavity 62. Thus, moving the shaft 74 toward the valve body 70 engages and presses the plug 78 inwardly into the bore 75 (e.g., toward the second cavity 64) before the shaft head 77 engages the valve body 70. It is thus noted that unseating of the plug 78 by the shaft head 77 allows a limited flow rate of fluid through the bore 75 between the first cavity 62 and the second cavity 64. It is further noted that by allowing fluid flow between the cavities 62, 64, the pressure in the second cavity 64 is reduced, facilitating displacement of the valve body 70 into the second cavity 64 and to an open position, thus establishing a greater flow rate of fluid into the first cavity and therefore between the first and second fluid lines.

[0061] It is understood that the fitting 10 includes seals 90 or sealing elements disposed between various components that prevent fluid flow through the fitting 10 when fluid flow is not desired (e.g., when the fitting 10 is connected to only one of the first and second fluid lines). For example, the fitting 10 may include a shank portion seal 91 disposed near the male component port 22, as seen in FIG. 12, such that the shank portion seal 91 engages the valve head 32 prior to engaging the fitting 10 with the first fluid line. Additionally, the fitting 10 may include an internal seal 92 disposed about the valve body 70 such that the internal seal 92 engages the abutment surface 17 to prevent fluid flow through the gap between the valve body 70 and the body portion 16 when the valve body 70 is in the closed position. It is understood that the fitting 10 may include any suitable number of seals disposed between any of its abutting components.

[0062] The above-described embodiments of the coupling provide a quick connect coupling or a cartridge for a quick connect coupling (seen in FIG. 17) configured to connect to complementary parts (e.g., male and / or female parts) and define a static connection between them. In particular, the coupling 10 is adapted to prevent axial movement between the male and female parts, for example, by engagement of ball bearings in the female part with grooves in the male part. Furthermore, the restraining mechanism 40 is configured to prevent rotational movement of the male and female components relative to each other. It is thus understood that the coupling is adapted to define a static connection between the male and female components by preventing both axial and rotational movement between them. It is noted that providing a static connection can increase the life of the coupling by reducing stress, friction, and especially forces applied to the various components of the coupling during operation.

[0063] 13-16, another embodiment of a fitting is shown. In this embodiment, the fitting can be a swivel fitting 100 in which the male component 14 is rotatably coupled to the fitting adapter 24 such that the first fluid line can rotate relative to the second fluid line. In other words, the fitting 100 provides a swivel connection between the first and second fluid lines. In this embodiment, the male component 14 includes a flange portion 102 extending radially outward from the body portion 16 at an end of the male component 14 opposite the shank portion 18. Additionally, in this embodiment, the fitting adapter 24 includes a housing 104 defining an adapter cavity 105 that is shaped and adapted to receive the body portion 16 of the male component 14. As will be further described below, the swivel fitting 100 also includes a nut 110 insertable into the housing 105 to at least partially secure the male component 14 within the housing 104.

[0064] In some embodiments, the adapter cavity 105 has an inner surface including at least one radial surface 106 and at least one axial surface 108. It should be understood that as used herein, the term "radial surface(s)" may refer to a surface extending in a plane generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (A) of the fitting 100. Similarly, it should be understood that as used herein, the term "axial surface(s)" may refer to a surface that is generally parallel to the longitudinal axis (A) and therefore generally perpendicular to the radial surface. The inner surfaces 106, 108 define the adapter cavity 105 having an open end 107 through which the male component 14 can be inserted. However, it should be understood that other configurations are possible, for example, the housing 104 may include multiple cavities into which a corresponding number of male components and nuts may be introduced. The inner surfaces 106, 108 are preferably integrally formed with one another. This is typically by machining the housing 104 from a solid piece. Additionally, the housing 104 has an exterior surface 112 having any suitable finish and / or shape. For example, the exterior surface 112 can have a generally cylindrical or circular shape. In the illustrated embodiment of Figures 13-16, the exterior surface 112 is curved so as to be retained within a retaining ring (not shown) that is attached to the hydraulic machine while allowing freedom of rotation relative to the retaining ring.

[0065] In some embodiments, inserting the body portion 16 into the open end 107 of the adapter cavity 105 includes cooperatively abutting the flange portion 102 against an inner surface of the adapter cavity 105. Still referring to FIG. 16, it can be seen that engaging the male component 14 into the housing 104 can establish fluid communication between the fluid passage 15 of the male component 14 and the fluid channel 25 of the fitting adapter 24. In this embodiment, the fluid passage 15 and the fluid channel 25 are generally collinear, although it can be seen that other configurations are possible and may be used. For example, the fluid passage 15 and the fluid channel 25 may have various orientations, such as a 90° angle or an oblique angle, depending on the desired application.

[0066] In this embodiment, the flange portion 102 is integrally formed with the body portion 16 and extends from the body portion 16 such that the male component 14 has a generally T-shape. The flange portion 102 may be radially continuous and symmetrical, or may be disk-like and extend perpendicular to the body portion 16. As described below, this configuration of the male component 14 may distribute forces (i.e., reduce pressure) applied to the components of the fitting 100 by providing a bearing surface that abuts the inner surface of the housing 104 and the nut 110. However, it is understood that the flange portion 102, and / or any other components of the male component 14 may have any suitable shape to cooperate with the inner surface of the housing 104. In some embodiments, the flange portion 102 may include indentations (not shown) defined in an outer circumferential surface of the flange portion 102 that allow fluid to flow between the flange portion 102 and the housing 104. This can be useful for lubrication purposes and for defining self-lubricating joints such as those described in the applicant's U.S. Pat. No. 8,047,579, which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0067] 13-16, the nut 110 is securable within the adapter cavity 105 of the housing 104 and surrounds the male component 14 to radially restrain the male component 14 within the adapter cavity 105. In some embodiments, the nut 110 can surround the male component 14 from the port 22 to the flange portion 102, allowing for improved support, stability and load resistance. In this embodiment, the nut 110 is secured around the body portion 16 of the male component 14, with the shank portion 18, and therefore the port 22, extending beyond the nut 110 to facilitate connection with the first fluid line. In this embodiment, the nut 110 includes a protrusion 114 that extends axially and inwardly into the cavity 105 of the housing 104 that axially restrains the flange portion 102 while allowing the male component 14 to rotate relative to the housing 104 and the nut 110. Rotation of the male component 14 occurs about the longitudinal axis (A) of the shank portion 18 .

[0068] In some embodiments, the nut 110 can have external threads and the inner surface of the housing 104 (i.e., the surface of the adapter cavity 105) can have corresponding internal threads to secure the nut 110 within the housing cavity. Alternatively, these components may be bolted, crimped, or otherwise connected to one another without threads. As seen in FIGS. 13-16, the nut 110 includes a lip 116 that extends over the peripheral rim 109 of the open end of the adapter cavity 105 to further secure the nut 110 in engagement with the fitting adapter 24.

[0069] In some embodiments, hydraulic pressure in the adapter cavity 105 pushes the male component 14 axially towards the nut 110. When pressurized, the pressure inside the housing 104 is generally uniform in all directions and pushes perpendicularly against the surfaces (e.g., against the flange portion 102 and the radial and axial faces 106 and 108). In operation, the fluid contained within the fluid passage 15 and / or fluid channel 25 is under hydraulic pressure. The operating pressure can be heavy or light, depending on the application. A typical range of hydraulic pressure in forestry, for example, is between about 50 and about 4000 psi, and in some cases up to approximately 5000 psi. In load-sensing hydraulic circuits, the operating pressure most often varies between about 250 psi and 3000-4000 psi.

[0070] In some embodiments, this pressure results in the flange portion 102 directly abutting the protrusion 114 of the nut 110. However, in this embodiment, the swivel fitting 100 further includes a slide ring 120 surrounding the body portion 16 and disposed between the nut 110 and the flange portion 102. The slide ring 120 may be adapted to reduce the coefficient of friction between the components, for example, between the flange portion 102 and the nut 110, during rotation of the male component 14. The slide ring 120 may be particularly desirable in high pressure hydraulic systems (or alternatively in applications where the fluid has low lubricity) because axial pressure on the male component 14 significantly increases friction between the flange portion 102 and the nut 110. In some embodiments, the slide ring 120 is constructed from the Nylatron® family of materials, Nyloil™, Nycast™, Teflon, or another suitable material for such components. In some embodiments, the slide ring 120 can include a thrust washer adapted to support an axial load applied to the slide ring 120, such as a load applied to the slide ring 120 by the flange portion 102 during operation and / or hydraulic shock.

[0071] 16, when the male component 14 is coupled within the adapter cavity 105, the flange portion 102 defines an axial play 95 with the radial surface 106 of the adapter cavity 105. More specifically, the interior depth of the adapter cavity 105 is greater than the width of the flange portion 102 plus the length of the protrusion 114 of the nut 110, thus allowing for an amount of axial play 95. In some embodiments, the amount of axial play can be between about 0.005 inches and about 0.08 inches, although other configurations are possible, such as having less axial play (e.g., <0.005 inches) or more axial play (e.g., >0.08 inches).

[0072] In this embodiment, the flange portion 102, when under internal fluid pressure, is pushed towards the protrusion 114 of the nut 110 and thus abuts against the slide ring 120. The slide ring 120 is adapted to reduce the pressure between the components by allowing for distribution of forces. This in turn allows the swivel fitting 100 to obtain improved swivel performance at higher pressures, such as in the range of 3000-5000 psi. In some embodiments, the slide ring 120 has a flat disk shape, but may also have an O-ring shape to reduce the coefficient of friction. It should be noted that when the flange portion 102 is pressed against the slide ring 120, the flange portion 102 is held in a spaced relationship with the internal axial surface 108 of the adapter cavity 105, which corresponds to the amount of axial play 95. It should be noted that the axial play 95 defined within the adapter cavity 105 can help protect various components of the fitting 100 from hydraulic shock (also called "hydraulic ram") or other types of fluid shock or pressure differentials within and around the fitting.

[0073] In some embodiments, it may be desirable to maintain contact between the flange portion 102, the slide ring 120, and the nut projection 114 to increase the sealing efficiency of the fitting 100 (e.g., to prevent external fluid(s), dust, and / or debris from entering the fitting). In operation, hydraulic fluid flowing through the fitting 100 urges the flange portion 102 against the slide ring 120, thereby creating contact between the flange portion 102, the slide ring 120, and the nut projection 114 and increasing the sealing efficiency. However, in some embodiments, loss of contact between these components may compromise the integrity of the seal of the fitting. For example, with reference to Figures 31-33, underwater applications without any pre-pressurization of the fitting (Figures 31 and 32), vertical installation of the fitting (Figure 33) where the flange portion 102 tends to move away from the slide ring 120 under gravity, or the effects of hydraulic shock and vacuum / suction action occurring within the fitting can reduce the integrity of the seal of the fitting by applying pressure to the internal components of the fitting and by, for example, breaking contact between the flange portion 102 and the slide ring 120. Under such circumstances, the risk of ingress of dust, debris or other contaminants into the fitting increases, which can cause several problems.

[0074] Still referring to FIG. 16, the swivel fitting 100 can have a seal assembly 130 including at least one sealing ring 132 (or O-ring) adapted to cooperate with one or more of the male component 14, the nut 110, and the fitting adapter 24. In this embodiment, when the swivel fitting 100 is assembled, in operation, the seal assembly 130 is pressed between the male component 14 and the nut 110 to at least partially cut the pressure of the fluid leaking through the gap of the fitting 100. The seal assembly 130 can be adapted to prevent the fluid from leaking out of the fitting 100. In some embodiments, the seal assembly 130 can include an O-ring, a back-up ring, and the like. Also, the seal assembly 130 can be easily replaced if it loses its efficiency. Various sealing joints can be used to cut the velocity of the fluid so that if it leaks past one of the seals, it is less likely to leak past the next seal. In other words, a series of seals may be used as part of the seal assembly 130 .

[0075] In some embodiments, the seal assembly 130 further includes one or more outer seals 134 adapted to prevent fluid from leaking outside the fitting 100 or to prevent debris and dust from entering the fitting 100. Referring to FIGS. 13-16, in this embodiment, the outer seal 134 includes a wiper ring 136 that surrounds the male component 14 proximate the shank portion 18. The wiper ring 136 is also adapted to engage the nut 110 to create a seal between the nut 110 and the male component 14. In some embodiments, the wiper ring 136 can have a flat disk shape, although other configurations are possible, as described below.

[0076] In this embodiment, the male component 14 includes an external groove 140 that extends around the shank portion 18. The external groove 140 may be shaped and adapted to receive a portion of the wiper ring 136. As seen in FIGS. 14 and 16, the wiper ring 136 may include a ring portion 138 adapted to engage the nut 110 and a protruding portion 139 extending from the ring portion 138 and engaging the external groove 140. It is noted that the ring portion 138 and the protruding portion 139 both surround the male component 14, i.e., extend circumferentially around the male component. In this embodiment, the external groove 140 includes a groove wall 142 that extends relatively perpendicular to the shank portion 18 and thus is generally parallel to the front face of the nut 110. Thus, wiper ring 136 is shaped and adapted to extend between nut 110 and groove wall 142 such that ring portion 138 engages nut 110 and protruding portion 139 engages groove wall 142 .

[0077] In some embodiments, wiper ring 136 is made from a resilient material, such as rubber, to protect various components of the fitting during operation of the hydraulic lines (e.g., while fluid is flowing between the first and second fluid lines through the fitting). It is noted that during operation, various components of fitting 100 may be subject to hydraulic shocks (also referred to as "hydraulic rams") that may cause movement, friction, damage, or failure of those components.

[0078] Some hydraulic shocks may result from a suction effect caused by a pressure difference between the fluid channel 25 and the fluid passageway. Specifically, hydraulic fluid is supplied to the fluid channel 25 via the second fluid line, and the valve body 70 blocks the flow of fluid to the fluid passageway 15. It is noted that the pressure in the adapter cavity 105 along the fluid channel 25 thus increases, while the pressure along the fluid passageway 15 remains low (e.g., zero). Thus, when the valve body 70 is displaced to the open position, the low pressure in the fluid passageway creates a vacuum, which may create a suction effect in the fitting 100 by substantially rapidly lowering the pressure in the adapter cavity 105 to match the pressure along the fluid passageway 15 (e.g., 0 psi).

[0079] The suction action (i.e., hydraulic shock) often creates a force on the flange portion 102 that presses the flange portion 102 against the nut 110. In this embodiment, the nut 110 then presses against a wiper ring 136 disposed around the male component. The resilient material of the wiper ring 136 is configured to deform, thus absorbing at least a portion of the force caused by the hydraulic shock and reducing movement of the male component 14, the slide ring 120 and / or the nut 110. Once the pressure stabilizes and / or is released, i.e., when no more force is being applied to the fitting components, the wiper ring 136 is adapted to return to its initial shape and configuration, thereby similarly moving the nut 110 and / or the male component 14 back into place.

[0080] It will thus be appreciated that each time fitting 100 is connected and / or disconnected from the first fluid line, the pressure within adapter cavity 105 will increase and decrease accordingly, creating a repeated suction effect. Wiper ring 136 is configured to at least partially counteract this suction effect, protecting a component of fitting 100 (e.g., male component 14) and the component(s) connected thereto (e.g., female component), thereby increasing their life and efficiency.

[0081] In some embodiments, wiper ring 136 can have a tapered shape such that the diameter of the wiper ring at a first end of the wiper ring is greater than at a second, opposing end of the wiper ring. For example, in this embodiment, protruding portion 139 extends at an angle from ring portion 138 such that the inner diameter of wiper ring 136 along ring portion 138 is greater than the inner diameter of wiper ring 136 along protruding portion 139. Additionally, the thickness of wiper ring 136 along protruding portion 139 is illustratively less than the thickness of wiper ring 136 along ring portion 138. This configuration can enhance the shock absorbing capabilities of wiper ring 136 and can also enhance the resiliency of wiper ring 136 (i.e., the ability of wiper ring 136 to return to its initial shape and configuration). During operation, hydraulic pressure within the fitting can cause wiper ring 136 to squeeze between nut 110 and groove wall 142, causing protruding portion 139 to at least partially deform (e.g., buckle) to absorb at least a portion of the force from, for example, a hydraulic ram. Protruding portion 139 is adapted to return to its initial configuration when the pressure within the fitting stabilizes.

[0082] In some embodiments, ring portion 138 and protruding portion 139 can be made from the same material and thus have approximately the same elasticity and / or flexibility. However, it is understood that other configurations are possible. For example, protruding portion 139 can be made from a material that is more elastic or flexible than ring portion 139. It is noted that in such embodiments, ring portion 138 can absorb some of the force from a hydraulic shock, but the more elastic protruding portion 139 is configured to absorb more of the force.

[0083] As seen in FIG. 16 , the second spring 72 exemplarily extends between the inner surface of the adapter cavity 105 and the flange portion 102, as well as absorbing a portion of the force of hydraulic shock and biasing the flange portion 102 against the slide ring 120. Thus, the components of the fitting (e.g., the flange portion 102, the slide ring 120, and the nut 110) remain in contact with each other to ensure the sealing efficiency of the fitting. The second spring 72 may be optional, and axial movement of the components of the fitting is at least partially prevented by the cooperation of the wiper ring 136 with the male component 14 (e.g., the shank portion) and the nut 110. More specifically, under certain circumstances, the flange portion 102 may be moved into the axial play 95, increasing the risk of collision with the housing and breaking contact with the slide ring 120. In this embodiment, when the male component 14 is pushed towards the axial play 95 (e.g. caused by a hydraulic shock, vertical installation or under external pressure), the groove wall 42 engages the wiper ring 136. The wiper ring 136 may be adapted to absorb part of the force and also engages the nut 110, which in turn abuts against the housing 104 via the lip 116. Thus, axial movement of the male component 14 towards the axial play 95 is prevented or at least reduced.

[0084] It should be noted that reducing or preventing movement of the fitting components (e.g., flange portion 102, slide ring 120, and nut 110) can reduce the stresses, deformations, and shocks that those components experience during operation. Reducing the forces exerted on those components can increase their lifespan, thereby increasing the efficiency and lifespan of fitting 100 by reducing the need to replace and / or repair those components.

[0085] 1-16, it should be noted that when the male component 14 of the fitting (10 or 100) engages the female component of the first fluid line, a restraining mechanism 40 prevents axial movement of the male component 14 relative to the female component (e.g., by engagement of a ball bearing assembly within a groove 42 disposed about the shank portion 18). Additionally, the restraining mechanism 40 also prevents rotational movement of the male component 14 about the longitudinal axis of the shank portion 18 relative to the female component by engagement of detents 44 with the ball bearing assembly.

[0086] Additionally, the flange portion 102 is shaped and sized to engage the adapter cavity 105, the nut 110 prevents axial movement of the male component 14 toward the open end of the adapter cavity 105, and in some embodiments, the wiper ring 136 prevents or at least impedes axial movement of the male component 14 toward the fitting adapter 24 (i.e., into the axial play 95). Thus, axial movement of the male component due to deformation and wear of the slide ring 120 (e.g., thrust washer) is also at least partially managed by the wiper ring 136, along with suction and / or atmospheric pressure (e.g., when submerged in water) to maintain contact between the flange portion 102, the slide ring 120, and the nut projection 114. It should also be noted that as the wiper ring 136 is squeezed into place between the groove walls 142 and the nut projection 114, a greater force applied to the wiper ring 136 increases the sealing efficiency of the wiper ring 136, thereby further sealing the gap between the nut 110 and the male component 14. This may be desirable in certain situations, such as in a vertical installation or for underwater applications where the fitting is not required to be pressurized before being submerged, as the increased pressure from the water can increase the sealing efficiency of the wiper ring 136.

[0087] 17-20A, another embodiment of a fitting 100 is shown. The male component 14 is disposed within a housing 104 of the fitting adapter 24, with a shank portion 18 extending from the housing 104 for connection with the female component. The fitting 100 also includes a nut 110 connecting the male component 14 to the housing 104 of the fitting adapter. With more specific reference to FIG. 20, the male component 14 may include multiple parts that are coupled together. For example, in this embodiment, the male component 14 includes an inner part 180 including a flange portion 102 disposed within the adapter cavity 105 adjacent the fitting adapter 24, and an inner shaft 184 extending from the flange portion 102 toward an open end 107. Additionally, the male component 14 includes an outer part 182 including a shank portion 18. In this embodiment, the shank portion 18 is removably coupled to the inner part 180 and extends from the open end 107 of the adapter cavity 105. The shank portion 18 includes an outer shaft 186 that is shaped and adapted to connect with an inner shaft 184, thereby enabling the inner and outer components of the male component 14 to be connected together.

[0088] In this embodiment, the inner and outer components 180 and 182 are connected together by an interference fit between the inner and outer shafts 184 and 186, although other methods of connection are possible, such as the use of fasteners, a key joint connection, adhesives, etc. The inner component 180 is adapted to extend into the outer component 182 (i.e., the inner shaft 184 extends into the outer shaft 186). However, it is understood that other configurations are possible, such as having the outer component 182 extend into the inner component 180 to connect the two components together. In the illustrated embodiment, the outer shaft 186 is further adapted to engage the nut 110 such that the outer shaft 186 is coupled between the inner shaft 184 and the nut protrusion 114, which is coupled between the outer shaft 186 and the housing 104. It is noted that the inner and outer components 180 and 182 of the male component 14 are thus secured to the housing by cooperation with each other and with the nut 110.

[0089] Still referring to FIG. 20 , the shank portion 18 can include a cylindrical body 188 disposed between the outer shaft 186 and the port 22. The cylindrical body 188 is configured to engage the nut 110 to further connect the outer part 182 (e.g., the shank portion 18) to the nut 110 and thus the housing 104. The cylindrical body 188 generally has a larger diameter than the outer shaft 186 and the port 22. Thus, the nut 110 can have a shape complementary to the outer part 182 of the male component 14, for example, with an inner diameter such that the protrusion 114 of the nut 110 receives the outer shaft 186 but does not insert the cylindrical body 188. The nut 110 illustratively has an outer end 111 having a larger diameter than the protrusion 114 and adapted to receive the cylindrical body 188 of the shank portion 18.

[0090] In this embodiment, the outer end 111 defines a nut radial surface 113 adapted to face the cylindrical body 188. As will be further explained below, the male component 14 is adapted to engage the nut 110 and cooperate with the nut 110 to define the axial play 95 between the flange portion 102 and the fitting adapter housing 104. Additionally, the male component 14 engages the nut 110 such that the cylindrical body 188 is spaced from the nut radial surface 113 to define a second axial play 195 between the cylindrical body 188 and the nut radial surface 113. It will be understood that the axial play 95 and the second axial play 195 generally have the same dimension, although one can be greater than the other, for example.

[0091] In some embodiments, the seal assembly includes various sealing elements, such as O-rings, disposed between the male component 14 and the nut 110, between the nut 110 and the housing 104, or a combination thereof. In this embodiment, with reference to FIGS. 20 and 20A, the fitting 100 has a plurality of sealing rings 132, including a pair of sealing rings 132 disposed within the outer end 111 of the nut 110 between the nut 110 and the cylindrical body 188 of the shank portion 18. The sealing rings 132 are configured to seal a gap between the nut 110 and the male component 14 (e.g., the cylindrical body 188) and to radially restrain the male component 14 within the nut 110. With more specific reference to FIG. 20A, the sealing rings 132 include a first sealing ring 132a and a second sealing ring 132b disposed within a circumferential pocket 189 defined about the cylindrical body 188. As mentioned, each sealing ring 132 extends between and engages the nut 110 (its inner surface) and the cylindrical body 188 (its outer surface), thereby radially restraining the cylindrical body 188 relative to the nut 110 .

[0092] The first sealing ring 132a engages a generally flat surface to define a seal between the male component 14 and the nut 110 and radially restrain the male component 14 within the nut 110. In this embodiment, the outer end 111 of the nut can have a tapered inner edge 115 with the second sealing ring 132b engaging the tapered inner edge 115. The second sealing ring 132b can thus radially restrain the male component 14 (e.g., the outer piece 182) and also at least partially provide an axial restraint to the male component. For example, as described above, during operation, the fitting 100 can be subjected to a suction action that draws the male component 14 further into the adapter cavity 105 and thus the cylindrical body 188 further into the outer end 111 of the nut 110. The tapered outer edge 115 may be shaped and configured to provide an abutment against the second sealing ring 132b, which may therefore prevent axial movement of the cylindrical body 188 towards the nut 110. In other words, the second sealing ring 132b is squeezed between the side of the circumferential pocket 189 and the tapered inner edge 115, thereby preventing axial movement of the cylindrical body 188. Note that by preventing axial movement of the cylindrical body 188, the outer part 182 does not press against the inner part 180, thereby maintaining the flange portion 102 in contact with the slide ring 12 within the adapter cavity 105. In some embodiments, the second sealing ring 132b may be a pressure-energized seal that at least partially prevents both axial and rotational movement of the male component, while allowing for greater sealing efficiency as pressure on the male component increases.

[0093] It is understood that adjusting the angle at which the tapered inner edge 115 extends can accordingly adjust the amount of axial restraint that the second sealing ring 132b can provide. For example, a tapered edge of about 45 degrees can be more resistant to axial movement for a greater range of pressure than a tapered edge of about 10 degrees. In some embodiments, the tapered inner edge 115 of the nut 110 can be inclined from about 5 to about 85 degrees relative to the nut axial surface 117, although other configurations are possible. It is also noted that a greater force applied to the second sealing ring 132b increases the sealing efficiency of the sealing ring 132b as the cylindrical body 188 presses and squeezes the sealing ring 132 between itself and the outer end 111 of the nut.

[0094] This may be desirable in certain circumstances, such as in a vertical installation (as seen in FIG. 33) or for underwater applications (as seen in FIG. 31 and FIG. 32), where the fittings are not required to be pressurized before being submerged, because the increasing pressure from the water increases the sealing efficiency of the second sealing ring 132b. For example, as seen in FIG. 31 and FIG. 32, one or more fittings 100 may be connected to a submersible pump, such as a pump configured to collect fish as part of a commercial fishing vessel, before being submerged. The pump may then be submerged without pre-pressurizing the fitting to prevent water from entering the fitting. As seen in FIG. 32, the pump may be lowered to about 20 m below the water surface before delivering fluid through the fitting, and the sealing ring 132 (i.e., the second sealing ring 132b) is configured to prevent water and debris from entering the fitting 100. It will be appreciated that increasing the sealing efficiency of the fitting when underwater is desirable to prevent water from entering the fitting and mixing with the hydraulic fluid which may cause problems such as freezing the fluid in the fitting. It will be noted that the fitting connected to the pump may be a swivel fitting 100, or alternatively a non-swivel fitting, with one or more swivel fittings installed along the pump conduit, such as at equal intervals (e.g., every 10 m).

[0095] In some embodiments, the outer part 182 of the male component 14 is removably connected to the inner part 180 within the nut 110. Thus, the outer part 182 can be disconnected from the inner part 180 to allow replacement with another part. For example, the outer part 182 can be replaced with another male component outer part 182 (e.g., for maintenance or repair) or can be replaced with a corresponding female part. With reference to Figures 21 and 22, the fitting 100 can be adapted to define a female connection by replacement of the male component outer part 182 with a female component 190. The female component 190 connects to the inner component 180 in a manner similar to the outer component 182 described above (e.g., when the outer shaft 186 is connected between the inner shaft 184 and the nut 110) and similarly engages the nut 110 via first and second sealing rings 132a, 132b configured to at least partially prevent axial and radial movement of the female component relative to the nut 110 and housing 104.

[0096] It should be noted that the fitting may include any one of the above-mentioned features adapted to prevent or inhibit any form of movement of the fitting components. In some embodiments, the fitting may include both the restraining mechanism 40 and the outer seal 134 (e.g., the wiper ring 136 as seen in FIG. 13, or the tapered inner edge 115 and the sealing ring 132 as seen in FIG. 20A), while in other embodiments, the fitting may include only one of the restraining mechanism 40 and the outer seal 134 (i.e., only the restraining mechanism 40) as seen in FIG. 1, for example. It should also be noted that while the fitting may be adapted to provide a connection between a pair of fluid lines as described herein, other configurations are possible. For example, the fitting may also interconnect more than two fluid lines, in which case the male component 14 may include multiple ports 22 and may be connectable to a corresponding number of fluid lines. In some embodiments, the fitting may be coupled between a device and a first hydraulic line, whereby the device provides a flow of hydraulic fluid.

[0097] 23-25C, the quick release male fittings and associated components (e.g., wiper ring 136 and / or tapered inner edge 115 and sealing ring 132) and features described herein (e.g., restraining mechanism 40) can be included in various types of fittings adapted for various applications. For example, the restraining mechanism 40 can be provided in a fitting cartridge 10a (FIG. 23) adapted for connection with a fitting housing, such as a swivel fitting housing (FIG. 24) adapted for applications requiring manipulation of hydraulic lines in 3D space, such as in forestry. In other examples, the fitting can include a manifold type fitting (FIG. 25), which can be a quick release male fitting. Alternatively, referring to Figures 25B and 25C, the fitting can correspond to a swivel manifold type fitting that can include a quick lock (or quick release) feature 100b, a threaded male connection(s) 100c, a female connection 100d, and / or a "swivel screw-on connection fitting" 100e. However, it will be understood that other configurations are possible and that the fitting can have any suitable size and / or shape. Additionally, as seen in Figure 26, the fitting can be part of a multi-port assembly 150 whereby multiple fittings, such as the swivel fitting 100, can be coupled to a locking plate 152 that can be connected to a hydraulic machine in any suitable manner.

[0098] 27-30, the fitting 10 can be provided with a crimp fitting 160 that can be attached to one end of the fitting 10, such as to the male component 14. Note that the crimp fitting or crimp sleeve 160 defines a crimp end 162 (i.e., the end with the crimp fitting 160) of the fitting 10 that is adapted to be connected to a hydraulic line (e.g., a first fluid line) to form a custom hydraulic hose assembly. The crimp end 162 can be secured to the hydraulic line via a crimping machine or device to provide a permanent connection with the hydraulic line to repair or form a hydraulic line assembly. In this embodiment, the fitting can have multiple sealing rings 132, including an intermediate sealing ring 132c (e.g., an O-ring) between the crimp sleeve and the protrusion 114 of the nut 110 that is configured to prevent axial movement of the crimp sleeve 160 relative to the nut 110 and the housing 104, and thereby prevent axial movement of the male component 14 in a similar manner.

[0099] It is understood that in the implementations described herein, the fittings can have increased sealing efficiency against external pressure, such as in underwater applications. Furthermore, the sealing efficiency of these fittings can increase as the ambient pressure increases as the seals surrounding the fitting are squeezed into place, further sealing gaps in the fitting. In some examples, the sealing elements can provide axial and radial contact with one or more components of the fitting. The sealing elements can be adapted to at least partially prevent radial and axial movement of one or more components, thereby reducing stress on the components and increasing the lifespan of the components.

[0100] The present disclosure may be embodied in other specific forms. The described exemplary embodiment should be considered in all respects merely as illustrative and not restrictive. For example, it should be understood that the shape of the male component 14 may be modified in multiple ways. Similarly, the internal shape of the adapter cavity 105 can be modified and should have a corresponding shape to accommodate the flange portion 102 and provide a support surface to distribute forces while allowing sufficient play for lubrication and movement. Additionally, the flange portion 102 may have sloped or curved surfaces. These sloped or curved surfaces may affect fluid movement between the surfaces of the fitting and may also affect force distribution. It is understood that, since the pressurized fluid exerts pressure perpendicularly against the solid surfaces of the fitting components, varying the angle and curvature and / or surface area of ​​the male component may achieve different force distribution effects.

[0101] Additionally, one or more of the components of the fitting(s) and / or steps of the method(s) described herein, as briefly illustrated herein and as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art, may be modified, simplified, altered, omitted, and / or substituted without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, depending on the particular application for which the fitting is intended and / or the desired end result. For example, the restraining mechanism 40 may be modified to allow for interaction and cooperation with components other than a ball bearing assembly. As seen in FIGS. 34 and 35, in some embodiments, the internal component of the female portion may include one or more latch elements 300 having an elongated shape, e.g., one or more latch elements 300 that may extend at least partially circumferentially into the port of the female portion. Accordingly, the male component may include a complementary shaped detent (e.g., recess 52) that receives the latch element 300. It is noted that the latch elements 300 may be equally spaced, such as at 90 degree intervals, around the male component 14 (e.g., around the shank portion 18), although other configurations are possible.

[0102] The present disclosure is intended to cover and encompass all suitable technical modifications. Accordingly, the scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims rather than by the above description. The claims should not be limited by the embodiments described in the examples, but should be given the broadest interpretation consistent with the description as a whole.

[0103] As used herein, the terms "coupled," "couple," "attached," "connected," or variations thereof when used herein can have several different meanings depending on the context in which the terms are used. For example, the terms coupled, coupled, connected, or attached can have a mechanical connotation. For example, as used herein, the terms coupled, coupled, or attached can indicate that two elements or devices are directly connected to each other or are connected to each other through one or more intermediate elements or devices via mechanical elements, depending on the particular context.

[0104] In the above description, the same numerals refer to similar elements. Moreover, for the sake of brevity and clarity, i.e., to avoid excessive cluttering of the figures with several reference numbers, not all figures include references to all components and features, and references to some components and features may be found in only one figure, from which the components and features of the present disclosure shown in other figures can be easily inferred. The embodiments, geometric configurations, materials mentioned and / or dimensions shown in the figures are optional and are shown for illustrative purposes only.

[0105] Moreover, although the optional configurations as illustrated in the accompanying drawings include various components, and the optional configurations of the fittings as shown may consist of specific geometric configurations as described and illustrated herein, not all of these components and geometries are essential and therefore should not be taken in a limiting sense, i.e., should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. It is understood that other suitable components and cooperation therebetween, as well as other suitable geometric configurations, may be used for the implementation and use of the fittings and corresponding parts without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, as briefly described and as can be readily inferred therefrom.

Claims

1. A quick-release coupling that provides a connection between a first fluid line provided with a female component including a ball bearing assembly and a second fluid line, A male component through which a fluid passage passes, A body portion having an inner surface that at least partially defines the fluid passage, A shank portion extending from the body portion and adapted to engage the female component of the first fluid line, the shank portion having a shank portion port adapted to establish fluid communication between the first fluid line and the fluid passage, the shank portion including a restraint mechanism adapted to engage the ball bearing assembly and to prevent rotational and axial movement of the male component relative to the first fluid line when engaged with the first fluid line, and a shank portion, A coupling adapter through which a fluid channel passes and that is fixable to the male component in proximity to the body portion so as to establish fluid communication between the fluid channel and the fluid passage, the coupling adapter being adapted to engage the second fluid line and including an adapter port adapted to establish fluid communication between the second fluid line and the fluid channel, and a coupling adapter, A quick-release coupling comprising.

2. The quick-release coupling according to claim 1, wherein the shank portion has an outer surface and the restraint mechanism is provided along the outer surface of the shank portion.

3. The quick-release coupling according to claim 2, wherein the restraint mechanism includes a groove extending circumferentially around the shank portion, the groove being shaped and adapted to receive the ball bearing assembly to prevent axial movement of the male component.

4. The quick-release coupling according to claim 3, wherein the groove extends circumferentially around the shank portion in a single plane.

5. The groove according to claim 4, wherein the groove extends partially around the shank portion such that the groove includes a first end and a second end that are spaced apart from each other and define a groove-free portion therebetween.

6. The groove-free portion according to claim 5, wherein the groove-free portion is shaped and configured to engage the ball bearing assembly between a pair of adjacent bearing balls to prevent rotation of the male component.

7. The quick-release coupling according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the restraint mechanism further includes a detent that engages the ball bearing assembly to prevent rotation of the male component.

8. The quick-release coupling according to claim 7, wherein the detent includes a plurality of recesses provided along the groove that receive respective bearing balls of the ball bearing assembly to prevent rotation of the male component.

9. The quick-release coupling according to claim 7, wherein the detent includes a protrusion extending from the shank portion, the protrusion being shaped and sized to engage the ball bearing assembly between a pair of adjacent bearing balls to prevent rotation of the male component.

10. The quick-release coupling according to claim 9, wherein the protrusion extends from within the groove.

11. The quick-release coupling according to claim 10, wherein the protrusion is formed integrally with the shank portion or welded to the shank portion.

12. The quick-release coupling according to claim 1, further comprising a valve assembly operable to control fluid flow along the fluid passage of the male component before, during, and after engaging the shank portion with the first fluid line.

13. The valve assembly body is a valve head provided in the fluid passage in proximity to the shank portion port, and includes a valve head that is operable between a closed position where the flow of fluid is blocked via the shank portion port and an open position, and the valve assembly body further includes a head spring that is connected to the valve head and is configured to bias the valve head to the closed position. The quick-release joint according to claim 12.

14. The valve assembly body is a valve body provided in the fluid passage along the body portion, and includes a valve body that is operable between a closed position where the flow of fluid through the fluid passage is blocked and an open position where the flow of fluid through the fluid passage is permitted, and the valve assembly body further includes a body spring that is connected to the valve body and is configured to bias the valve body to the closed position. The quick-release joint according to claim 12 or 13.

15. The joint adapter further includes a housing having an inner surface including at least one radial surface and at least one axial surface, the inner surface defining a cavity having an open end, and the body portion of the male component is shaped and sized to engage the cavity through the open end and abut against the at least one radial surface. The quick-release joint according to claim 1.

16. The quick-release joint further includes a nut that can be fixed within the cavity of the housing and surrounds a section of the shank portion to radially restrain the male component, and the nut is configured to axially restrain the body portion within the cavity and enables the first fluid line and the second fluid line to be rotatably interconnected by rotation of the male component about the longitudinal axis of the shank portion with respect to the housing and the nut. The quick-release joint according to claim 15.

17. The quick-release coupling according to claim 16, further comprising a thrust washer surrounding the shank portion between the nut and the body portion.

18. The shank portion includes a flange extending radially outward, having a flange surface that is substantially perpendicular to the outer surface of the shank portion and faces the nut. The quick-release coupling further comprises an outer sealing element surrounding the shank portion and extending between the flange surface and the nut. The quick-release coupling according to claim 16 or 17.

19. A male component of a quick-release coupling for connection to a hydraulic line provided with a female component including a ball bearing assembly. The male component has a fluid passage therethrough, and includes a shank portion extending along a longitudinal axis and adapted to engage the hydraulic line, the shank portion having a shank portion port adapted to establish fluid communication between the hydraulic line and the fluid passage. The shank portion includes a restraint mechanism adapted to engage the ball bearing assembly to prevent rotation of the male component about the longitudinal axis. The male component.

20. The shank portion has an outer surface, and the restraint mechanism is provided along the outer surface of the shank portion. The male component according to claim 19.

21. The restraint mechanism includes a groove extending circumferentially around the shank portion, the groove being shaped and adapted to receive the ball bearing assembly to prevent axial movement of the male component along the longitudinal axis. The male component according to claim 19.

22. The restraint mechanism further includes a detent adapted to engage the ball bearing assembly to prevent rotational movement of the male component. The male component according to any one of claims 19 to 21.

23. The male component according to claim 22, wherein the detent includes a plurality of recesses provided along the groove for receiving respective bearing balls of the ball bearing assembly and preventing the rotational movement of the male component.

24. The male component according to claim 22, wherein the detent includes a protrusion extending from the shank portion, and the protrusion is shaped and sized to engage the ball bearing assembly between a pair of adjacent bearing balls and prevent the rotational movement of the male component.

25. The male component according to claim 24, wherein the protrusion extends from within the groove.

26. The male component according to claim 24, wherein the protrusion is formed integrally with the shank portion or welded to the shank portion.

27. A quick-release coupling that provides a connection between a pair of hydraulic lines, a male component through which a fluid passage passes, a shank portion adapted to engage a first hydraulic line, the shank portion having a first port adapted to establish fluid communication between the first hydraulic line and the fluid passage, the shank portion including a restraint mechanism adapted to cooperatively engage the first hydraulic line and prevent rotational movement and axial movement of the male component relative to the first hydraulic line, and a shank portion; a coupling adapter connectable to the male component and having a fluid channel therethrough adapted to be in fluid communication with the fluid passage, the coupling adapter being adapted to engage a second hydraulic line and including a second port adapted to establish fluid communication between the second hydraulic line and the fluid channel; A quick-release coupling comprising.

28. Use of a quick-release coupling that provides a connection between a pair of hydraulic lines, said quick-release coupling comprising: A male component through which a fluid passageway extends, A shank portion adapted to engage a first hydraulic line, said shank portion having a first port adapted to establish fluid communication between said first hydraulic line and said fluid passageway, said shank portion being adapted to cooperatively engage said first hydraulic line and including a restraint mechanism adapted to prevent rotational and axial movement of said male component relative to said first hydraulic line when engaged therewith; A coupling adapter connectable to said male component and having a fluid channel extending therethrough for fluid communication with said fluid passageway, said coupling adapter being adapted to engage a second hydraulic line and including a second port adapted to establish fluid communication between said second hydraulic line and said fluid channel; Use of a quick-release coupling comprising the foregoing.

29. Use of the quick-release coupling according to claim 28, wherein said quick-release coupling is adapted to operate between about 0 psi and 5000 psi.

30. Use of the quick-release coupling according to claim 28 or 29, as defined in claim 1.

31. A method of connecting a first fluid line to a second fluid line using the quick-release coupling according to claim 1, said method comprising: Connecting said coupling adapter to said second fluid line; Engaging said shank portion with said first fluid line to prevent rotational and axial movement of said quick-release coupling relative to said first fluid line; and including the foregoing.

32. The method according to claim 31, wherein the quick-release coupling is adapted to operate between approximately 0 psi and 5000 psi.

33. A method of connecting a first fluid line provided with a female component to a second fluid line, comprising: connecting a first end of a hydraulic coupling to the second fluid line; connecting a second end of the hydraulic coupling to the first fluid line, the second end being provided with a male component configured to engage the female component and prevent rotational and axial movement of the male component relative to the female component; A method as described above.

34. The method according to claim 33, wherein the hydraulic coupling is a quick-release coupling.

35. The method according to claim 34, wherein the quick-release coupling is as defined in claim 1.

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