Compositions and methods

Abstract

(a) at least 10% by weight of a glycol ester of a fatty acid; (b) a glycol ester of formula (I): 1 is an optionally substituted C4-C 36 represents a hydrocarbyl group, R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 each independently represents hydrogen or a C1-C4 alkyl group; R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 At least one of the groups is not hydrogen, and M + represents a cation], and (c) at least one zwitterionic or amphoteric surfactant. [Formula 1] JPEG2024537109000022.jpg38128

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a concentrated composition useful in the preparation of formulated products. In particular, the present invention relates to a concentrated composition for the preparation of pearlescent formulated products. [Background technology]

[0002] Liquid compositions used in personal care and cleaning applications often have a desirable opaque iridescent appearance and are sometimes referred to as being "pearlized" or having a pearlescent finish. These formulations have high consumer appeal and therefore it is common to add pearlizing agents to a wide variety of different liquid chemical formulations. Pearlizing agents are often added to personal cleaning formulations such as shampoos, body washes and liquid hand soaps; laundry detergents, dishwashing detergent compositions and other hard service cleaning compositions.

[0003] Common pearlizing agents include ethylene glycol monostearate (EGMS) and ethylene glycol distearate (EGDS). To achieve optimal pearling quality using these agents, the formulated product must typically be heated to temperatures above 70° C. to melt the ethylene glycol monostearate or distearate esters in the formulation. As the formulation cools, the pearlizing agent slowly crystallizes to form insoluble particles that result in a pearly / opaque appearance. The cooling and shear mixing rates, as well as the size and shape of the mixing blades, affect the crystal structure of the ester particles. These factors therefore have a significant impact on the quality and consistency of the pearling effect achieved. It is therefore essential that the heating, cooling and shearing instructions are followed closely to achieve a uniform pearling effect for each batch of formulated product prepared. The often slow cooling rates used mean that pearling is a very time-consuming step. This process is also very energy intensive and costly due to the high temperatures to which the formulation must be heated to melt the esters; the energy required to obtain the desired cooling rates; and the energy required for mixing and / or shearing.

[0004] Moreover, batch-to-batch variability in the starting material means that a consistently formulated product can be difficult to obtain. Summary of the Invention [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The inventors have advantageously developed a concentrated pearlizing composition that can be added directly to a formulated composition to provide high quality pearls. The concentrated composition of the present invention can be mixed with the formulated composition at ambient temperature, avoiding the need to heat to 70° C. This advantageously saves the formulator time and energy and provides improved product consistency.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, (a) at least 10% by weight of glycol esters of fatty acids; (b) Formula (I): [ka] [In the formula, R 1 is an optionally substituted C 4 -C 36 represents a hydrocarbyl group, R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 Each of the groups is independently hydrogen or C 1 -C 4 represents an alkyl group, R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 At least one of the groups is not hydrogen, and M + represents a cation], and (c) at least one zwitterionic or amphoteric surfactant A concentrate composition comprising: DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0007] Component (a) comprises a glycol ester of a fatty acid, i.e. an ester of a fatty acid with a compound containing at least two alcohol functional groups. Preferably, component (a) comprises an ester of one or more glycols selected from ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and butylene glycol. Most preferably, component (a) comprises ethylene glycol. The ester may be a monoester, a diester or a mixture thereof.

[0008] The fatty acid can be a saturated fatty acid, an unsaturated fatty acid or a mixture thereof. Preferably, the fatty acid is a saturated fatty acid containing a single carboxylic acid group. Preferably, the fatty acid is a saturated monocarboxylic acid having 10 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably 12 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 16 to 18 carbon atoms.

[0009] Most preferably, component (a) comprises a glycol ester of stearic acid (octadecanoic acid). Component (a) may comprise a monoester of stearic acid and / or a diester of stearic acid. Preferably, component (a) comprises ethylene glycol monostearate (EGMS) and / or ethylene glycol distearate (EGDS).

[0010] Those skilled in the art will recognize that commercially available sources of stearic acid often contain a mixture of stearic acid and one or more other acids, such as C16 acids. In one embodiment, component (a) comprises a glycol ester, preferably an ethylene glycol ester, of a mixture of fatty acids comprising 50-60% by weight C16 fatty acids, 40-50% by weight C18 fatty acids, and 0-5% by weight C14 fatty acids.

[0011] This type of product is known to those skilled in the art as a triple pressed stearic acid.

[0012] Component (a) is present in the concentrate composition of the present invention in an amount of at least 10% by weight. Preferably, component (a) is present in an amount of at least 12% by weight, such as at least 15% by weight. Component (a) may be present in the concentrate composition of the present invention in an amount of up to 50% by weight, preferably up to 40% by weight, such as up to 35% by weight.

[0013] Preferably, component (a) is present in the concentrated composition of the invention in an amount of from 10 to 35% by weight, preferably from 15 to 30% by weight, more preferably from 20 to 30% by weight.

[0014] When component (a) comprises a mixture of glycol esters, the amounts above refer to the total amount of all such compounds present in the composition.

[0015] In this specification, unless otherwise indicated, any amount mentioned refers to the amount of active ingredient present in the composition.Those skilled in the art will recognize that some commercial sources of ingredients mentioned herein may contain impurities, by-products and / or residual starting materials, as well as solvents or diluents.However, the amount specified refers only to active material, and does not include any impurities, by-products, starting materials, solvents or diluents that may be present.

[0016] Component (b) of the concentrate composition of the present invention comprises at least one acylalkylisethionate of formula (I).

[0017] Component (b) is present in the concentrate composition of the present invention in an amount of at least 0.01% by weight. Preferably, component (b) is present in an amount of at least 0.1% by weight, such as at least 0.5% by weight. Component (b) may be present in the concentrate composition of the present invention in an amount of up to 40% by weight, preferably up to 30% by weight, such as up to 20% by weight.

[0018] Preferably, component (b) is present in the composition in an amount of from 0.1 to 18% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 15% by weight, more preferably from 1 to 12% by weight, for example about 1 to 10% by weight.

[0019] When component (a) comprises a mixture of compounds of formula (I), the amounts above refer to the total amount of all such compounds present in the composition.

[0020] In formula (I), R 1 is an optionally substituted C 4 -C 36 represents a hydrocarbyl group, R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 each independently represents hydrogen or a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 4Represents an alkyl group (where R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 provided that at least one of is not hydrogen), M + represents a cation.

[0021] Preferably, R 1 is an optionally substituted C 4 -C 36 Alkyl, C 4 -C 36 Alkenyl, C 6 -C 12 Aryl or C 8 -C 22 Alkyl-C 6 -C 12 More preferably, R 1 is an optionally substituted C 4 -C 36 Alkyl or C 4 -C 36 Alkenyl groups, particularly optionally substituted C 4 -C 36 Most preferably, R 1 is C 4 -C 36 Alkyl or C 4 -C 36 Alkenyl groups, especially C 4 -C 36 Represents an alkyl group.

[0022] Preferably, R 1 is an optionally substituted C 8- C 18 Alkyl or C 8- C 18 C which may be substituted, such as an alkenyl group 4 -C 36 Alkyl or C 4 -C 36 Represents an alkenyl group.

[0023] Preferably, R 1 is C 8- C 18 Alkyl or C 8- C 18Alkenyl group etc. 4 -C 36 Alkyl or C 4 -C 36 Represents an alkenyl group.

[0024] Preferably, R 1 is an optionally substituted C 7- C 24 C, optionally substituted with alkyl groups 5- C 30 Alkyl groups, such as optionally substituted C 7- C 21 Alkyl group, preferably optionally substituted C 7- C 17 Represents an alkyl group.

[0025] Preferably, R 1 is C 7- C 24 Alkyl groups, etc. 5- C 30 Alkyl groups, such as C 7- C 21 Alkyl groups, preferably C 7- C 17 Represents an alkyl group.

[0026] R 1 is preferably the residue of a fatty acid. Fatty acids obtained from natural oils often contain a mixture of fatty acids. For example, fatty acids obtained from coconut oil contain C 12 Lauric acid, C 14 Myristic acid, C 16 Palmitic acid, C 8 Caprylic acid, C 10 Capric acid, as well as C 18 It contains a mixture of fatty acids including stearic and oleic acids.

[0027] R 1 may contain residues of one or more naturally occurring fatty acids and / or one or more synthetic fatty acids. For example, R 1 may consist essentially of residues of a single fatty acid.

[0028] R 1Examples of carboxylic acids from which R can be derived include coco acid, hexanoic acid, caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, arachidic acid, gadoleic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentanoic acid, behenic acid, erucic acid, docosahexanoic acid, lignoceric acid; natural fatty acids such as those obtained from coconut oil, tallow, palm kernel oil, butterfat, palm oil, olive oil, corn oil, linseed oil, peanut oil, fish oil and rapeseed oil; synthetic fatty acids made as chains of a single length or a selected chain length distribution; and mixtures thereof. Suitably, R 1 comprises a residue of coconut acid, a residue of mixed fatty acids derived from coconut oil or a residue of mixed fatty acids derived from palm kernel oil. More preferably, R 1 contains residues of saturated fatty acids mainly having 12 carbon atoms.

[0029] The acylalkylisethionate surfactants of formula (I) may be prepared by any of the methods disclosed in the prior art, see for example the methods described in WO 94 / 09763 and WO 2005 / 075623.

[0030] In some embodiments, only a single acylalkylisethionate surfactant of formula (I) may be present in the concentrated composition of the first aspect. In some embodiments, a mixture of two or more acylalkylisethionate surfactants of formula (I) may be present. In such embodiments, the above amounts refer to the total amount of all acylalkylisethionate surfactants of formula (I) present in the composition.

[0031] R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 Any of the optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 When it represents an alkyl group it is preferably n-propyl, ethyl or methyl, most preferably methyl.

[0032] Preferably, R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 One of the groups is an optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 The remaining groups are hydrogen. For example, R 2 is an optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 R may represent an alkyl group. 3 , R 4 and R 5 can all represent hydrogen. For example, R 4 is an optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 R may represent an alkyl group. 2 , R 3 and R 5 can all represent hydrogen.

[0033] Preferably, R 2 is C 1 -C 4 represents an alkyl group, R 3 , R 4 and R 5 All of R 4 is C 1 -C 4 represents an alkyl group, R 2 , R 3 and R 5 all represent hydrogen.

[0034] Most preferably, R 2 represents a methyl group, R 3 , R 4 and R 5 All of R 4 represents a methyl group, R 2 , R 3 and R 5 all represent hydrogen.

[0035] Preferably, component (b) comprises an acylalkyl isethionate surfactant of formula (I) selected from one or more of sodium lauroyl methyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl methyl isethionate and sodium oleoyl methyl isethionate. Sodium lauroyl methyl isethionate (SLMI) is particularly preferred.

[0036] Preferably, M + represents a metal cation or an ammonium cation which may be substituted, preferably a metal cation. The term "ammonium cation which may be substituted" refers to an ammonium cation in which the nitrogen atom may be substituted with 1 to 4 hydrocarbyl groups which may be substituted. Suitable ammonium cations include those derived from alkylamines and alkanolamines. Preferred ammonium cations include isopropanolamine, isopropylamine, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine and 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol (AMPD). Preferred ammonium cations include NH 4 + and the ammonium cation of triethanolamine.

[0037] Suitable metal cations include alkali metal cations, such as sodium, lithium and potassium cations, and alkaline earth metal cations, such as calcium and magnesium cations. + represents an alkali metal cation or an optionally substituted ammonium cation. + represents a zinc, potassium or sodium cation. Most preferably, M + represents a sodium cation.

[0038] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that +It is recognized that when is a divalent metal cation, there are two moles of anion per mole of cation.

[0039] The acylalkylisethionate surfactants of formula (I) are the reaction products of sodium methylisethionate and fatty acids, i.e., the compounds of formula R 1 COOCHR 2 CHR 4 SO 3 - M + [In the formula, R 2 and R 4 where one is methyl and the other is hydrogen. Mixtures of these isomers may exist.

[0040] The solid cleaning compositions of the present invention may contain mixtures of more than one acylalkylisethionate surfactant of formula (I). For example, isomeric mixtures of acylalkylisethionate surfactants of formula (I) may be present. Such mixtures include, for example, isomeric mixtures of acylalkylisethionate surfactants of formula (I) such as 2 C 1 -C 4 represents an alkyl group (preferably methyl), R 3 , R 4 and R 5 acylalkylisethionate surfactants in which R is all hydrogen; and 4 C 1 -C 4 represents an alkyl group (preferably methyl), R 2 , R 3 and R 5 and acylalkylisethionate surfactants in which all are hydrogen.

[0041] In particular, the concentrate composition of the present invention comprises an isomer, i.e., a compound of the formula R 1 COOCH 2 CHR 4 SO 3 - M + [In the formula, R 4 is C 1 -C 4 represents an alkyl group (preferably methyl) and compounds of formula R 1COOCHR 2 CH 2 SO 3 - M + [In the formula, R 2 is C 1 -C 4 It may also comprise a mixture of compounds in which the alkyl group represents an alkyl group (preferably methyl).

[0042] Preferably, such mixtures comprise R 2 is methyl and R 4 About 90% of compounds have hydrogen, and R 2 is hydrogen and R 4 Contains about 10% of compounds in which the aryl group is methyl.

[0043] Component (c) comprises an amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant.

[0044] Component (c) is present in the concentrate composition of the present invention in an amount of at least 0.01% by weight. Preferably, component (c) is present in an amount of at least 0.1% by weight, such as at least 0.5% by weight. Component (c) may be present in the concentrate composition of the present invention in an amount of up to 40% by weight, preferably up to 30% by weight, such as up to 20% by weight.

[0045] Component (c) is preferably present in the composition of the invention in an amount of 0.1 to 30% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 25% by weight, more preferably 1 to 20% by weight, more preferably 3 to 18% by weight, for example 5 to 15% by weight.

[0046] In some embodiments, component (c) comprises a mixture of two or more amphoteric and / or zwitterionic surfactants, in such embodiments, the above amounts refer to the total amount of all zwitterionic and / or amphoteric surfactants present in the composition.

[0047] Suitable amphoteric surfactants for use in the composition of the first aspect of the invention include those based on fatty nitrogen derivatives and those based on betaines.

[0048] Suitable amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants may be selected from betaines such as alkyl betaines, alkyl amidopropyl betaines such as cocamidopropyl betaine, alkyl amidopropyl hydroxysultaines, alkyl amphoacetates, alkyl amphodiacetates, alkyl propionates, alkyl amphodipropionates, alkyl amphopropionates, alkyl imino dipropionates and alkyl imino diacetates.

[0049] Amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants for use in the composition of the first aspect include those having an alkyl or alkenyl group of from 7 to 22 carbon atoms and having the overall structural formula: [ka] [In the formula, R 7 is an alkyl or alkenyl group having 7 to 22 carbon atoms; R 8 and R 9 are each independently an alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or carboxyalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, m is 2 to 4, n is 0 or 1, X is an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may be substituted with hydroxyl, and Y is -CO 2 or -SO 3 Examples of the following are given:

[0050] Amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants include simple betaines of the formula [ka] and amidobetaines of the formula [ka] [In the formula, m is 2 or 3] The following can be mentioned.

[0051] In both formulas, R 7 , R 8 and R 9is as defined above. R 7 In particular, R 7 C derived from coconut so that at least half, preferably at least three-quarters, of the groups have 10 to 14 carbon atoms. 12 and C 14 R may be a mixture of alkyl groups. 8 and R 9 is preferably methyl.

[0052] Amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants include sulfobetaines of the formula: [ka] [wherein m is 2 or 3], or -(CH 2 ) 3 SO 3 - but [ka] These modifications are replaced by, 7 , R 8 and R 9 are as defined above.

[0053] Amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants can include amphoacetates and diamphoacetates. Amphoacetates generally have the formula: [ka] Matches.

[0054] Diamphoacetates generally have the formula: [ka] [In the formula, R 10 is an aliphatic group of 8 to 22 carbon atoms, M 2 +is a cation such as sodium, potassium, ammonium, or substituted ammonium.

[0055] Suitable acetate-based surfactants include lauroamphoacetic acid; alkylamphoacetic acids; sodium alkylamphoacetate; cocoampho(di)acetic acid; cocoamphoacetic acid; disodium cocoamphodiacetate; sodium cocoamphoacetate; disodium cocoamphodiacetate; disodium capryloamphodiacetate; disodium lauroamphoacetate; sodium lauroamphoacetate and disodium wheat germ amphodiacetate.

[0056] Suitable betaine surfactants include alkylamido betaines; alkyl betaines, C 12 / 14 Alkyldimethyl betaines;Cocoamidopropyl betaine;Tallow bis(hydroxyethyl) betaine;Hexadecyl dimethyl betaine;Coco dimethyl betaine;Alkylamidopropyl sulfobetaine;Alkyldimethylamine betaine;Cocoamidopropyl dimethyl betaine;Alkylamidopropyl dimethylamine betaine;Cocamidopropyl betaine;Lauryl betaine;Laurylamidopropyl betaine, Cocoamido betaine, Laurylamido betaine, Alkylamino betaine;Alkylamido betaine;Coco betaine;Lauryl betaine;Dimethicone propyl PG-betaine;Oleyl betaine;N-Alkyldimethyl betaine;Coco biguamide derivatives, C 8 Amidobetaine; C 12Amidobetaine;Lauryldimethylbetaine;Alkylamidopropylbetaine;Amidobetaine;Alkylbetaine;Cetylbetaine;Oleamidopropylbetaine;Isostearamidopropylbetaine;Lauramidopropylbetaine;2-Alkyl-N-carboxymethyl-N-hydroxyethylimidazolinium betaine;2-Alkyl-N-carboxyethyl-N-hydroxyethylimidazolinium betaine;2-Alkyl-N-sodium carboxymethyl-N-carboxymethyloxyethylimidazolinium betaine;N-Alkyl Amidopropyl-N,N-dimethyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl)-ammonium betaine;N-Alkyl-N,N-dimethyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl)-ammonium betaine;Cocodimethyl betaine;Anzamidopropyl betaine;Isostearamidopropyl betaine;Myristamidopropyl betaine;Palmitamidopropyl betaine;Alkamidopropyl hydroxylsultaine;Cocamidopropyl hydroxylsultaine;Undecylenamidopropyl betaine;Cocoamidosulfobetaine;Alkylamido betaine;C 12 / 18 Alkylamidopropyldimethylamine betaine; lauryl dimethyl betaine; ricinoleamido betaine; tallow amino betaine.

[0057] Suitable glycinate surfactants include acyl glycinates such as cocoamphocarboxyglycinate; tallowamphocarboxyglycinate; capryloamphocarboxyglycinate, oleoamphocarboxyglycinate, bis-2-hydroxyethyl tallow glycinate; laurylamphoglycinate; tallow polyamphoglycinate; cocoamphoglycinate; oleic acid polyamphoglycinate; NC 10 / 12 Fatty acid amidoethyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-glycinate;NC 12 / 18 - fatty acid amidoethyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-glycinate; dihydroxyethyl tallow glycinate.

[0058] Preferred acetate-based amphoteric surfactants for use as component (c) include sodium lauroamphoacetate, disodium lauroamphoacetate, and mixtures thereof.

[0059] Preferred betaine surfactants for use as component (c) include cocoamidopropyl betaine.

[0060] Preferred sultaine surfactants for use as component (c) include cocoamidopropyl hydroxysultaine.

[0061] Preferably component (c) comprises cocoamidopropyl betaine and / or cocoamidopropyl hydroxysultaine.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of component (a) to component (b) present in the composition of the present invention is from 50:1 to 1:2, preferably from 40:1 to 1:1.5, more preferably from 30:1 to 1:1.

[0063] Preferably, the weight ratio of component (a) to component (c) present in the composition of the present invention is from 20:1 to 1:5, preferably from 10:1 to 1:2, more preferably from 6:1 to 1:1.

[0064] Preferably, the weight ratio of component (b) to component (c) present in the composition of the present invention is from 10:1 to 1:10, more preferably from 4:1 to 1:4.

[0065] The concentrated composition of the first aspect may comprise one or more further ingredients. Preferably, the one or more further ingredients are selected from chelating agents, preservatives, pH adjusters, hydrotropes and further surfactants.

[0066] The concentrated composition of the first aspect may include a chelating agent. Suitable chelating agents include ethylenediamine-N,N'-disuccinic acid, methylglycine diacetate, glutamic acid N,N-diacetate, iminodisuccinic acid, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, diethylenetriaminepentamethylenephosphonic acid, etidronic acid, and anions, salts and mixtures thereof.

[0067] Preferred chelating agents are biodegradable chelating agents such as ethylenediamine-N,N'-disuccinic acid, methylglycine diacetate, glutamic acid N,N-diacetate, iminodisuccinic acid, and anions and mixtures thereof. Ethylenediamine-N,N'-disuccinic acid (EDDS) is particularly preferred. Those skilled in the art will recognize that polycarboxylic acid chelating agents can exist as the free acid or as their salts.

[0068] The concentrated composition of the present invention may contain preservative.Suitable preservative is known to those skilled in the art, and includes sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, sorbic acid, phenoxyethanol, benzyl alcohol, DMDM ​​hydantoin, imidazolidinyl urea, methylchloroisothiazolinone, methylisothiazolinone, salicylic acid, benzyl salicylate, methylparaben, propylparaben and caprylyl glycol.The preservative preferred for use herein is sodium benzoate.

[0069] The concentrated composition of the present invention may contain a hydrotrope. Suitable hydrotropes are known to those skilled in the art and include propylene glycol, hexylene glycol, glycerin, sorbitol, xylene sulfonate, cumene sulfonate, ethanol, urea, dipropylene glycol. The preferred hydrotrope for use herein is sorbitol.

[0070] The concentrated composition of the present invention may contain a pH adjuster.Suitable pH adjusters are known to those skilled in the art and include lactic acid, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, triethanolamine and sodium gluconate.A preferred pH adjuster is citric acid.

[0071] Preferably, the composition of the present invention has a pH of from 3 to 9, preferably from 4 to 8, for example from 4.5 to 7.5.

[0072] In some embodiments, the composition has a pH of 4.5 to 5.5.

[0073] In some embodiments, the composition has a pH of 6.5 to 7.5.

[0074] The concentrated compositions of the present invention may also contain one or more additional surfactants.

[0075] Such surfactants may be selected from anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof. The selection of additional surfactants suitable for use in the compositions of the present invention is within the capabilities of one skilled in the art.

[0076] Suitable anionic surfactants for use in the composition of the first aspect of the present invention include C 12 -C 18 Included are salts of carboxylic acids, ethoxylated carboxylic acids, ester carboxylates, and ethoxylated ester carboxylates and sarcosinates.Other suitable anionic surfactants include sulfates and sulfonates, such as alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, alcohol sulfates, alcohol ether sulfates, α-olefin sulfonates, linear alkyl sulfonates; and phosphate esters.

[0077] Suitable anionic surfactants are salts of fatty acids; alkali metal salts of monoalkyl or dialkyl sulfates; monoalkyl or dialkyl ether sulfates; lauryl ether sulfates; alkyl sulfonates; alkyl aryl sulfonates; primary alkane disulfonates; alkene sulfonates; hydroxyalkane sulfonates; alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonates; alpha-olefin sulfonates; alkyl phosphates; sulfonates of alkylphenol polyglycol ethers; salts of alkyl sulfopolycarboxylic esters; alkyl sulfosulfates; The surfactants may be selected from sulfosuccinates and their salts, alkyl ether sulfosuccinates and their salts, acyl isethionates, nonacylated alkyl isethionates; fatty acid taurates; acyltaurates; amino acid surfactants such as glutamates and glycinates; condensation products of fatty acids with oxy- and aminoalkanesulfonic acids; sulfated derivatives of fatty acids and polyglycols; alkyl and acyl sarcosinates; sulfoacetates; alkyl phosphates; alkyl phosphate esters; acyllactates; alkanolamides of sulfated fatty acids and salts of lipoamino acids. Particularly exemplary salts of the above, where applicable, are sodium, potassium, ammonium, magnesium and triethanolamine salts. Suitable ammonium cations include those derived from alkylamines and alkanolamines. Preferred ammonium cations include isopropanolamine, isopropylamine, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine and 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol (AMPD). Preferred ammonium cations include NH 4 + and the ammonium cation of triethanolamine.

[0078] Preferred anionic surfactants are selected from the salts of fatty acids; alkyl sulfonates; alkylaryl sulfonates; primary alkane disulfonates; alkene sulfonates; hydroxyalkane sulfonates; alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonates; alpha-olefin sulfonates; alkyl phosphates; sulfonates of alkylphenol polyglycol ethers; salts of alkyl sulfopolycarboxylic acid esters; alkyl sulfosuccinates and their salts, alkyl ether sulfosuccinates and their salts, acyl isethionates, non-acylated alkyl isethionates; fatty acid taurates; acyl taurates; amino acid surfactants such as glutamate and glycinate; condensation products of fatty acids with oxy- and aminoalkane sulfonic acids; alkyl and acyl sarcosinates; sulfoacetates; alkyl phosphates; alkyl phosphate esters; acyl lactates; and salts of lipoamino acids. Particularly exemplary salts of the above, where applicable, are sodium, potassium, ammonium, magnesium and triethanolamine salts. Suitable ammonium cations include those derived from alkylamines and alkanolamines. Preferred ammonium cations include isopropanolamine, isopropylamine, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine and 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol (AMPD). 4 + and the ammonium cation of triethanolamine.

[0079] Suitable sulfoacetates include acylsulfoacetates, especially sodium acylsulfoacetate.

[0080] Suitable glutamate surfactants include acyl glutamates.

[0081] The acyl isethionates for use in the composition of the first aspect of the present invention have the formula (II): [ka] [In the formula, R 6 is an optionally substituted C 4 -C 36 represents a hydrocarbyl group; M 1 + represents a cation.

[0082] Preferably, R 6 is an optionally substituted C 4 -C 36 Alkyl, C 4 -C 36 Alkenyl, C 6 -C 12 Aryl or C 8 -C 22 Alkyl-C 6 -C 12 More preferably, R 6 is an optionally substituted C 4 -C 36 Alkyl or C 4 -C 36 It is most preferred that R 6 is C 4 -C 36 Alkyl group or C 4 -C 36 Alkenyl groups, especially C 4 -C 36 Represents an alkyl group.

[0083] Preferably, R 6 is an optionally substituted C 7- C 24 Optionally substituted C such as alkyl groups 5- C 30 Alkyl groups, such as optionally substituted C 7- C 21 Alkyl group, preferably optionally substituted C 7- C 17 Represents an alkyl group.

[0084] Preferably, R 6 is C 7- C 24 C such as alkyl group 5- C30 Alkyl groups, such as C 7- C 21 Alkyl groups, preferably C 7- C 17 Represents an alkyl group.

[0085] R 6 is preferably the residue of a fatty acid. Fatty acids obtained from natural oils often contain a mixture of fatty acids. For example, fatty acids obtained from coconut oil contain C 12 Lauric acid, C 14 Myristic acid, C 16 Palmitic acid, C 8 Caprylic acid and C 18 It contains a mixture of fatty acids including stearic and oleic acids.

[0086] R 6 can include residues of one or more natural fatty acids and / or one or more synthetic fatty acids. For example, R 6 consists essentially of residues of a single fatty acid.

[0087] R 6 Examples of carboxylic acids from which R can be derived include coco acid, hexanoic acid, caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, arachidic acid, gadoleic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentanoic acid, behenic acid, erucic acid, docosahexanoic acid, lignoceric acid; natural fatty acids such as those obtained from coconut oil, tallow, palm kernel oil, butterfat, palm oil, olive oil, corn oil, linseed oil, peanut oil, fish oil and rapeseed oil; synthetic fatty acids made as chains of a single length or a selected distribution of chain lengths; and mixtures thereof. Suitably, R 6 contains residues of coconut acid, residues of mixed fatty acids derived from coconut oil, or residues of mixed fatty acids derived from palm kernel oil.

[0088] Preferably, M 1 +represents a metal cation or an optionally substituted ammonium cation, preferably a metal cation. Suitable ammonium cations include NH 4 + and triethanolamine. Suitable ammonium cations include those derived from alkylamines and alkanolamines. Preferred ammonium cations include isopropanolamine, isopropylamine, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine and 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol (AMPD). Preferred ammonium cations include NH 4 + and the ammonium cation of triethanolamine.

[0089] Suitable metal cations include alkali metal cations, such as sodium, lithium and potassium cations, and alkaline earth metal cations, such as calcium and magnesium cations. 1 + represents a zinc, potassium or sodium cation. Most preferably, M 1 + represents a sodium cation.

[0090] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that 1 + It is recognized that when is a divalent metal cation, there are two moles of anion per mole of cation.

[0091] In some embodiments, only a single acyl isethionate of formula (II) may be present in the solid cleaning composition of the first aspect. In some embodiments, a mixture of two or more acyl isethionates of formula (II) may be present.

[0092] For example, the acyl isethionate of formula (II) may be selected from one or more of sodium lauroyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl isethionate and sodium myristoyl isethionate, with sodium cocoyl isethionate being particularly preferred.

[0093] Additional preferred detersive anionic surfactants for use in the compositions of the first aspect of the invention include alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonates, ammonium lauryl sulfate, ammonium laureth sulfate, triethylamine lauryl sulfate, triethylamine laureth sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine laureth sulfate, monoethanolamine lauryl sulfate, monoethanolamine laureth sulfate, diethanolamine lauryl sulfate, diethanolamine laureth sulfate, lauric acid monoglyceride sodium sulfate, sodium lauryl ... Examples of suitable ethanolamines include sodium lauryl sulfate, potassium lauryl sulfate, potassium laureth sulfate, sodium lauryl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, lauryl sarcosine, cocoyl sarcosine, ammonium cocoyl sulfate, ammonium lauroyl sulfate, sodium cocoyl sulfate, sodium lauroyl sulfate, potassium cocoyl sulfate, potassium lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, monoethanolamine cocoyl sulfate, monoethanolamine lauryl sulfate, sodium tridecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and combinations thereof.

[0094] Suitable non-ionic surfactants for use in the compositions of the first aspect of the invention include alcohol alkoxylates, such as alcohol ethoxylates, alcohol propoxylates, and surfactants derived from ethylene oxide / propylene oxide copolymers, aliphatic esters, aromatic esters, sugar esters, in particular sorbitan esters, alkyl polyglucosides, fatty acid alkoxylates such as fatty acid ethoxylates and fatty acid propoxylates, or polyethylene glycol esters and partial esters, glycerol esters including glycerol partial esters and glycerol triesters, fatty alcohols (such as cetearyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol), alkanolamides and amine oxides.

[0095] Suitable nonionic surfactants may be selected from: compounds having a hydrophobic group and a reactive hydrogen atom, such as the reaction products of aliphatic alcohols, acids, amides or alkylphenols with alkylene oxides, in particular with ethylene oxide alone or with propylene oxide (e.g. alkyl(C 6 -C 22 ) Phenol-ethylene oxide condensate, aliphatic (C 8 -C 18 ) condensation products of primary or secondary linear or branched alcohols with ethylene oxide, and products made by condensing ethylene oxide with the reaction product of propylene oxide and ethylenediamine); long chain tertiary amine oxides, long chain tertiary phosphine oxides and dialkyl sulfoxides; alkyl amine oxides, alkyl amido amine oxides; alkyl tertiary phosphine oxides; alkoxyl alkyl amines; sorbitan; sorbitan esters; sorbitan ester alkoxylates; glycerol ester alkoxylates; sucrose esters; sugar amides such as polysaccharide amides; lactobionamides; and alkyl polysaccharide nonionic surfactants, such as alkyl polyglycosides.

[0096] Cationic surfactants suitable for use in the composition of the first aspect of the invention are typically based on fatty amine derivatives or phosphonium quaternary ions, and quaternary ammonium compounds. Polymeric cationic surfactants can also be used.

[0097] Cationic surfactants suitable for use in the composition of the first aspect of the invention include tertiary amine salts, monoalkyltrimethylammonium chloride, monoalkyltrimethylammonium methyl sulfate, dialkyldimethylammonium chloride, dialkyldimethylammonium methyl sulfate, trialkylmethylammonium chloride and trialkylmethylammonium methyl sulfate.

[0098] Examples of suitable cationic surfactants include quaternary ammonium compounds, particularly trimethyl quaternary compounds.

[0099] Preferred quaternary ammonium compounds include cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, behenyltrimethylammonium chloride (BTAC), cetylpyridinium chloride, tetramethylammonium chloride, tetraethylammonium chloride, octyltrimethylammonium chloride, dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride, hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, octyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, decyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, stearyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, didodecyldimethylammonium chloride, dioctadecyldimethylammonium chloride, tallowtrimethylammonium chloride, cocotrimethylammonium chloride, PEG-2 oleylammonium chloride, and salts thereof where the chloride is replaced by a halogen (e.g., bromide), acetate, citrate, lactate, glycolate, phosphate, nitrate, sulfate, or alkyl sulfate.

[0100] Further suitable cationic surfactants include those having the CTFA designations Quaternium-5, Quaternium-31 and Quaternium-18. Mixtures of any of the above materials may also be suitable. A particularly useful cationic surfactant for use as a hair conditioning agent is cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, available commercially, for example as GENAMIN CTAC, formerly from Hoechst Celanese.

[0101] Salts of primary, secondary, and tertiary fatty amines are also suitable cationic surfactants. The alkyl groups of such amines preferably have from 12 to 22 carbon atoms and can be optionally substituted.

[0102] Useful cationic surfactants include amide-substituted tertiary fatty amines, especially tertiary amines with one C12-C22 alkyl or alkenyl chain.Such amines include stearamidopropyl dimethylamine, stearamidopropyl diethylamine, stearamidoethyl diethylamine, stearamidoethyl dimethylamine, palmitamidopropyl dimethylamine, palmitamidopropyl diethylamine, palmitamidoethyl diethylamine, palmitamidoethyl dimethylamine, behenamidopropyl dimethylamine, behenamidopropyl diethylamine, behenamidoethyl diethylamine, behenamidoethyl dimethylamine, arachidamidopropyl dimethylamine, arachidamidopropyl diethylamine, arachidamidoethyl diethylamine, arachidamidoethyl dimethylamine, diethylaminoethyl stearamide.

[0103] Also useful are dimethylstearamine, dimethylsoyamine, soyamine, myristylamine, tridecylamine, ethylstearylamine, N-tallow propane diamine, ethoxylated stearylamine (with 5 moles of ethylene oxide), dihydroxyethylstearylamine, and arachidylbehenylamine.

[0104] These amines are typically used in combination with an acid to provide the cationic species. Suitable acids include L-glutamic acid, lactic acid, hydrochloric acid, malic acid, succinic acid, acetic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, the hydrochloride salt of L-glutamic acid, and mixtures thereof, more preferably L-glutamic acid, lactic acid, and citric acid.

[0105] Other useful cationic amine surfactants include those disclosed in US Pat. No. 4,275,055.

[0106] Suitable polymeric cationic surfactants include polyquaternium-7, polyquaternium-10, polyquaternium-11, guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, and hydroxypropyl guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride.

[0107] In some preferred embodiments, the concentrated composition of the first aspect comprises less than 2.5 wt.%, preferably less than 2 wt.%, more preferably less than 1.5 wt.%, preferably less than 1 wt.%, suitably less than 0.75 wt.%, more preferably less than 0.5 wt.%, preferably less than 0.25 wt.%, preferably less than 0.1 wt.%, suitably less than 0.05 wt.%, such as less than 0.01 wt.%, preferably less than 0.005 wt.%, and most preferably less than 0.001 wt.% of a sulfate-containing surfactant.

[0108] In some embodiments, the concentrated composition of the first aspect of the invention is preferably free of sulfate-containing surfactants.

[0109] In some preferred embodiments, components (b) and (c) together constitute at least 70% by weight of all surfactants present in the concentrated composition of the first aspect, preferably at least 75% by weight, more preferably at least 80% by weight, suitably at least 85% by weight, more preferably at least 90% by weight.

[0110] The concentrated composition of the present invention is preferably an aqueous composition. In some embodiments, the composition may contain one or more additional solvents in addition to water. Such suitable co-solvents are known to those skilled in the art.

[0111] However, in preferred embodiments, water is the predominant solvent present in the concentrated compositions of the present invention, suitably comprising at least 80% by weight, preferably at least 90% by weight, more preferably at least 95% by weight of all solvents present.

[0112] In some preferred embodiments, the concentrated composition of the first aspect of the present invention is an aqueous composition comprising: - 10 to 40% by weight of component (a), - 0.1 to 20% by weight of component (b), - 1 to 25% by weight of component (c) Including, - one or more further ingredients selected from chelating agents, preservatives, pH adjusters, hydrotropes and further surfactants The aqueous composition may comprise:

[0113] In some preferred embodiments, the concentrated composition of the first aspect of the present invention is an aqueous composition comprising: - 15 to 30% by weight of component (a), - 1 to 12% by weight of component (b), - 5 to 15% by weight of component (c) Including, - one or more further ingredients selected from chelating agents, preservatives, pH adjusters, hydrotropes and further surfactants The aqueous composition may comprise:

[0114] The concentrated composition of the first aspect of the invention may be an opaque composition.

[0115] The concentrated composition of the first aspect of the invention is preferably a pearlescent composition.

[0116] The concentrated composition of the first aspect is preferably a liquid or semi-liquid composition. It can be a thick viscous liquid in the form of a thick paste or it can be a runny liquid. Preferably, the concentrated composition is flowable and pumpable.

[0117] Preferably, the concentrated composition of the first aspect has a Brookfield viscosity of from 1000 to 100000 cps, preferably from 1000 to 50000 cps, measured at 25° C. using a No. 5 spindle at 2.5 RPM.

[0118] The concentrated composition of the first aspect of the invention is highly advantageous as it can be added to a nearly fully formulated composition to provide the pearl effect without the need for complex heating, cooling or shearing steps.

[0119] The concentrated compositions of the present invention can be added to formulations in small amounts with simple mixing under ambient conditions.

[0120] The concentrated compositions of the present invention are preferably made by heating the ingredients with stirring and slowly cooling. Heating a concentrated mixture is much more energy efficient than heating the final formulated product. Furthermore, adding a concentrated composition at ambient temperature frees formulators from having to use lengthy and complicated heating and cooling procedures.

[0121] According to a second aspect of the present invention, (i) a component comprising: (a) at least 10% by weight of glycol esters of fatty acids; (b) Formula (I): [ka] [In the formula, R 1 is an optionally substituted C 4 -C 36 represents a hydrocarbyl group, R 2 , R 3 , R4 and R 5 Each of the groups is independently hydrogen or C 1 -C 4 represents an alkyl group, R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 At least one of the groups is not hydrogen, and M + represents a cation], and (c) at least one zwitterionic or amphoteric surfactant mixing the (ii) heating the mixture obtained in step (i) to a temperature of at least 60° C.; and (iii) slowly cooling the composition A method for preparing a concentrate composition comprising:

[0122] Step (i) may comprise adding one or more further ingredients. Preferably, the one or more further ingredients are selected from chelating agents, preservatives, pH adjusters, hydrotropes and further surfactants. These are suitably as defined in relation to the first aspect.

[0123] Preferably, water is added in step (i) to provide an aqueous composition. Optionally, one or more additional solvents, such as one or more water-miscible solvents, may be added. In a preferred embodiment, water is the only solvent used.

[0124] Preferred features of the second aspect are as defined in relation to the first aspect.

[0125] The mixture is heated in step (ii) to a temperature of at least 60° C. Preferably, the mixture is heated to a temperature of at least 70° C., such as at least 75° C.

[0126] Preferably, the composition is stirred, preferably by application of shear force, as it is cooled during step (iii).

[0127] Selection of suitable shear rates and cooling profiles is within the discretion of one of ordinary skill in the art, guidance is provided, for example, in WO200125378, WO2003066796, WO2004028676A1 and WO2011023803.

[0128] For example, one skilled in the art will appreciate that cooling and / or shear rate will help control crystallization, preferably causing the ester to crystallize into platelet structures, with larger platelet structures being preferred for pearlescent formulations.

[0129] According to a third aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of applying a pearlescent finish to a formulation, comprising the step of mixing a pearlizing composition with the formulation, the pearlizing composition comprising: (a) at least 10% by weight of glycol esters of fatty acids; (b) Formula (I): [ka] [In the formula, R 1 is an optionally substituted C 4 -C 36 represents a hydrocarbyl group, R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 Each of the groups is independently hydrogen or C 1 -C 4 represents an alkyl group, R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 At least one of them is not hydrogen, M + represents a cation], and (c) at least one zwitterionic or amphoteric surfactant A method is provided, comprising:

[0130] Preferred features of the third aspect are as defined in relation to the first and second aspects.

[0131] "Formulation" is meant to refer to a chemical composition that contains multiple ingredients mixed together. A formulation is preferably prepared to contain specific ingredients and has a specific purpose. For example, the formulation can be a cleaning composition or a personal care composition. Typically, the types of ingredients present in such compositions are known to those skilled in the art.

[0132] For example, laundry and dishwashing compositions typically contain materials such as surfactants, builders, bleaches, bleach activators, redeposition additives, dye transfer inhibitors, enzymes, colorants and fragrances.

[0133] Personal care compositions typically contain materials such as surfactants (including anionic, amphoteric, nonionic and cationic surfactants); conditioning agents (including quaternary ammonium compounds, cationic polymers, cationic conditioning polymers, silicones, synthetic or natural oils, or resins, etc.), fatty alcohols, electrolytes or other rheology modifiers, opacifying / pearlizing agents, scalp benefit agents, fragrances, dyes, UV filters, penetration enhancers (e.g., propylene carbonate, benzyl alcohol, etc.), preservatives, antioxidants, emulsifiers, pH adjusters and buffers, and hair styling polymers (e.g., polyvinylpyrrolidone, etc.).

[0134] The formulation is preferably a liquid or semi-liquid composition. It can be a thick viscous liquid in the form of a thick paste or it can be a runny liquid. Preferably, the concentrated composition is flowable and pumpable.

[0135] Preferably, the formulation resulting from the method of the third aspect comprises 0.1 to 3 wt. %, suitably 0.5 to 2 wt. %, preferably 0.5 to 1.5 wt. % of component (a).

[0136] Preferably, the process of the third aspect is carried out at a temperature below 60°C, preferably below 50°C, more preferably below 40°C, preferably below 30°C.

[0137] Preferably the formulation is not heated in the method of the third aspect of the invention.

[0138] In some embodiments, preferably the formulation is not initially opaque or pearlescent.

[0139] The product obtained by the process of the third aspect is a pearlized / pearl-formulated product.

[0140] The method of the third embodiment preferably enhanced the opacity of the formulated product.

[0141] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing a pearlescent formulation, comprising the steps of: (x) preparing a non-pearlescent formulation, and (y) adding the concentrate composition of the first aspect to the formulation prepared in step (x). A method is provided that includes:

[0142] Preferably, the concentrated composition of the first aspect used in step (y) is prepared by the method of the second aspect.

[0143] According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a pearlescent agent is (a) at least 10% by weight of glycol esters of fatty acids; (b) Formula (I): [ka] [In the formula, R 1 is an optionally substituted C 4 -C 36 represents a hydrocarbyl group, R 2 , R 3 , R4 and R 5 Each of the groups is independently hydrogen or C 1 -C 4 represents an alkyl group, R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 At least one of the groups is not hydrogen, and M + represents a cation], and (c) at least one zwitterionic or amphoteric surfactant The use of a composition comprising:

[0144] Preferred features of the fourth and fifth aspects are as defined in relation to the first, second and third aspects.

[0145] The present invention relates to the provision of compositions having a pearlescent finish. Preferably, the pearlescent effect provided by the present invention is consistent and can be easily reproduced under the same conditions. Such pearlescent effect can be visually assessed by one skilled in the art.

[0146] In some embodiments, the present invention can be used to enhance the pearlescence of a composition.

[0147] The invention will now be further defined with reference to the following non-limiting examples. [Example]

[0148] The compositions of Table 1 containing the listed ingredients were prepared according to the following method. [Table 1]

[0149] Sodium benzoate was provided as 100% active ingredient.

[0150] EDDS was prepared as a 38 wt % aqueous solution of the trisodium salt of ethylenediamine-N,N'-disuccinic acid.

[0151] CAPB was prepared as a 30 wt % aqueous solution of cocamidopropyl betaine.

[0152] CAPHS was prepared as a 30 wt % aqueous solution of cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine.

[0153] Sorbitol was prepared as a 70% by weight aqueous solution.

[0154] Citric acid was prepared as a 50% by weight aqueous solution.

[0155] SLMI was prepared as a solid material containing 85% by weight active sodium lauroyl methyl isethionate.

[0156] EGDS was prepared as a commercial product containing primarily ethylene glycol distearate and a small amount of monostearate product.

[0157] method 1. Combine the "A" ingredients. Mix with smooth mechanical agitation until completely uniform. As detailed above, several of the Component A ingredients were prepared as aqueous solutions. The amount of Component A ingredient referred to in Table 1 is the amount of active ingredient present and disregards any solvent or diluent present. However, in Step 1, such water was included and additional water may also be added at this stage. 2. With smooth mechanical stirring, adjust the pH of the system to 4.8-5.2 with 50% aqueous citric acid as needed. With smooth stirring, warm the system to 50°C. 3. With smooth stirring, slowly add the sodium lauroyl methyl isethionate flakes and blend. Mix until completely clear and homogeneous. Continue to heat the system to 70-80°C with smooth stirring. 4. Blend the EGDS / EGMS flakes into the heated system with rapid but smooth stirring. Continue to heat to 80-85°C. Maintain temperature at 80-85°C with mixing for 20 minutes, then remove heat source. Continue to cool to 45-50°C with rapid but smooth stirring. 5. Blend slowly in water at 20-25°C with rapid but smooth agitation. At this stage, add more water to provide 100% of the ingredients listed in Table 1 for each composition. However, some water was already added as part of the Component A material and may be added additionally in Step 1. Mix until completely uniform. Continue to cool the system to 25-30°C with rapid but smooth agitation. Package at 20-25°C.

[0158] Pearl luster effect The pearlizing effect of the compositions of Examples 3-8 was evaluated by adding 6 g of each concentrated composition to 194 g of deionized water and 1 drop of food coloring.

[0159] The materials were combined at room temperature and mixed with mechanical agitation until the cold pearl concentrate was completely dispersed. The resulting system was visually observed and rated for pearl quality. The following grading system was used:

[0160] Rating scale Poor = Opaque liquid with no pearly appearance Medium = Opaque liquid with slight pearly appearance Good = Opaque liquid with moderate pearly appearance Excellent = Opaque liquid with high luster pearly appearance

[0161] The results are shown in Table 2. [Table 2] [Example 2]

[0162] Further compositions having the ingredients detailed in Table 3 were prepared according to the methods described below. Composition 9 is a composition of the invention. Composition 10 is a comparison. [Table 3]

[0163] SCI was prepared as a solid material containing 85% active sodium cocoyl isethionate, the remaining materials were as described in Example 1.

[0164] method: 1. The ingredients of Component "A" were mixed until a clear, homogenous composition was obtained. The deionized water component of Component A includes water that forms part of the ingredients added as a solution and additional water that was added separately. 2. The pH of the system was adjusted to 4.8-5.2 with citric acid solution and then heated to 45-50°C with mixing. 3. Add ingredient "C" and continue heating to 70-80°C with rapid but smooth mechanical mixing. 4. The ingredients of Component "C" were added with rapid but smooth mechanical stirring. Heating was continued to 85°C with rapid but smooth stirring. The temperature was maintained for 20 minutes and then the heat source was removed. Cooling was carried out with rapid but smooth stirring until the system reached a temperature of 45-50°C (the system will begin to settle into a lotion / paste). 5. With rapid but smooth stirring, slowly add water at 20-25°C and blend, continuing to cool to 25°C with rapid but smooth stirring.

[0165] The resulting composition had the properties listed in Table 4. [Table 4]

[0166] Composition 9 dispersed rapidly and provided a composition with excellent pearl quality, while composition 10 dispersed very slowly.

[0167] Unlike composition 10, composition 9 is easily pourable, which means that composition 9 is easier to handle and has an improved environmental profile since no heat is required to manipulate the composition.

Claims

1. (a) at least 10% by weight of glycol esters of fatty acids; (b) Formula (I): 【Chemical 1】 [In the formula, R １ is an optionally substituted C ４ -C ３６ represents a hydrocarbyl group, R ２ , R ３ , R ４ and R ５ each independently represents hydrogen or C １ -C ４ represents an alkyl group, and R ２ , R ３ , R ４ and R ５ At least one of is not hydrogen, and M ＋ represents a cation; and (c) at least one zwitterionic or amphoteric surfactant A concentrated composition comprising:

2. 10. The concentrated composition of claim 1, wherein component (a) comprises a monoester of stearic acid and / or a diester of stearic acid.

3. 3. The concentrated composition of claim 1, comprising 10 to 35% by weight of component (a).

4. 3. The concentrated composition of claim 1 or 2, wherein component (b) comprises an acylalkyl isethionate surfactant of formula (I) selected from one or more of sodium lauroyl methyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl methyl isethionate, and sodium oleoyl methyl isethionate.

5. 3. The concentrated composition of claim 1, comprising 0.5 to 15% by weight of component (b).

6. 3. A concentrated composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein component (c) comprises one or more zwitterionic or amphoteric surfactants selected from betaines such as alkylbetaines, alkylamidopropylbetaines such as cocamidopropylbetaine, alkylamidopropylhydroxysultaines, alkylamphoacetic acids, alkylamphodiacetic acids, alkylpropionates, alkylamphodipropionates, alkylamphopropionates, alkyliminodipropionates and alkyliminodiacetic acids.

7. 3. The concentrated composition of claim 1, wherein component (c) comprises cocoamidopropyl betaine and / or cocoamidopropyl hydroxysultaine.

8. 3. The concentrated composition of claim 1, comprising 0.5 to 25% by weight of component (c).

9. 3. A concentrated composition according to claim 1 or 2, comprising one or more further ingredients selected from chelating agents, preservatives, pH adjusters, hydrotropes and further surfactants.

10. (i) the following components: (a) at least 10% by weight of glycol esters of fatty acids; (b) Formula (I): 【Chemistry 2】 [In the formula, R １ is an optionally substituted C ４ -C ３６ represents a hydrocarbyl group, R ２ , R ３ , R ４ and R ５ each independently represents hydrogen or C １ -C ４ represents an alkyl group, and R ２ , R ３ , R ４ and R ５ At least one of is not hydrogen, and M ＋ represents a cation; and (c) at least one zwitterionic or amphoteric surfactant mixing the (ii) heating the mixture obtained in step (i) to a temperature of at least 60°C; and (iii) slowly cooling the composition A method for preparing a concentrated composition comprising:

11. 11. The method of preparing a concentrated composition of claim 10, wherein water is added in step (i) to provide an aqueous composition.

12. 12. A method for preparing a concentrated composition according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the mixture is heated in step (ii) to a temperature of at least 75°C.

13. 12. A method for preparing a concentrated composition according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the composition is stirred, preferably by application of shear forces, as it is cooled during step (iii).

14. 1. A method of applying a pearlescent finish to a formulation, comprising the step of mixing a pearlizing composition with the formulation, the pearlizing composition comprising: (a) at least 10% by weight of glycol esters of fatty acids; (b) Formula (I): 【Chemistry 3】 [In the formula, R １ is an optionally substituted C ４ -C ３６ represents a hydrocarbyl group, R ２ , R ３ , R ４ and R ５ each independently represents hydrogen or C １ -C ４ represents an alkyl group, and R ２ , R ３ , R ４ and R ５ At least one of is not hydrogen, and M ＋ represents a cation; and (c) at least one zwitterionic or amphoteric surfactant The method comprising:

15. 15. The method of claim 14, carried out at a temperature below 30°C.

16. 1. A method for preparing a pearlescent formulation, comprising: (x) preparing a non-pearlescent formulation; and (y) adding the concentrate composition of claim 1 or 2 to the formulation prepared in step (x). The method comprising:

17. (a) at least 10% by weight of glycol esters of fatty acids; (b) Formula (I): 【Chemistry 4】 [In the formula, R １ is an optionally substituted C ４ -C ３６ represents a hydrocarbyl group, R ２ , R ３ , R ４ and R ５ each independently represents hydrogen or C １ -C ４ represents an alkyl group, and R ２ , R ３ , R ４ and R ５ At least one of is not hydrogen, and M ＋ represents a cation; and (c) at least one zwitterionic or amphoteric surfactant 10. Use as a pearlizing agent in a composition comprising:

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