Herbicide Combinations

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to herbicide combinations comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide, particularly ethofumesate, prosulfocarb, pyroxasulfone, propisochlor, bixlozone or aclonifen. The present disclosure also relates to herbicide compositions comprising the herbicide combination and at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient, and methods of controlling weeds using the herbicide combination.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a combination of herbicides for controlling the growth of undesirable plants / weeds in cereals. More particularly, the present disclosure also relates to a herbicidal composition comprising the combination of herbicides. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a method of controlling the growth of undesirable plants / weeds in cereals by applying the combination of herbicides to the plants or their habitat. [Background technology]

[0002] Herbicides are chemicals used to specifically control undesirable plants / weeds. The mode of action of a herbicide is the biochemical or physical mechanism used to control undesirable plants / weeds. There are certain types of undesirable plants / weeds or groups of undesirable plants / weeds that are not sensitive to certain herbicides. This may be either because the herbicides use different biochemical pathways or because the herbicides have slightly different enzymes. Herbicides are often selected for use based on their mode of action. In some situations, if one herbicide is ineffective, another herbicide with a different mode of action may provide better results. For this reason, there is a constant need to develop effective herbicide combinations to control the growth of undesirable plants / weeds.

[0003] Furthermore, selective control of undesirable plants / weeds in commercial crops such as cereals is a significant challenge facing modern agriculture. Undesirable plants / weeds typically compete with cereals for nutrients, moisture, light and space, and therefore failure to control the presence of undesirable plants / weeds in cereals will result in reduced cereal yields. These undesirable plants / weeds can also harbor many pests and diseases that, if transferred to the cereals, will further reduce crop yields. Furthermore, seeds of undesirable plants / weeds may be inadvertently harvested together with the desired cereals, which may require further treatment or processing of the harvested cereals, or in extreme cases, may result in the complete disposal of the harvested cereals. Thus, there is a clear need for effective herbicide combinations that can control the growth of undesirable plants / weeds to prevent crop contamination.

[0004] Many herbicides have been developed to control the growth of undesirable plants / weeds. Such herbicides include paraquat, glufosinate, glyphosate, etc. However, such herbicides are non-selective and cannot be used to selectively control the growth of undesirable plants / weeds in crops such as cereals, as they damage the crop in addition to the undesirable plants / weeds. Therefore, to overcome this, there is a need to use selective herbicide combinations that can control undesirable plants / weeds while sparing the crop.

[0005] One known herbicide is napropamide, also known as N,N-diethyl-2-(α-naphthoxy)propionamide. The structure of napropamide is:

[0006] [ka]

[0007] Because napropamide contains a chiral carbon atom, napropamide exists as two stereoisomers, the D isomer (D-napropamide), also known as the (R) isomer, and the L isomer (L-napropamide), also known as the (S) isomer.

[0008] The D-isomer, D-napropamide, is also called napropamide-M, and its structure is shown below.

[0009] [ka]

[0010] Napropamide-M can be prepared by any suitable method known in the art, such as the method disclosed in WO2009004642.

[0011] Unless otherwise stated, and as further described below, the term "napropamide" as used herein refers to N,N-diethyl-2-(α-naphthoxy)propionamide or an isomer thereof, or a mixture of such isomers. Thus, unless otherwise stated or otherwise clear from the context, the term napropamide may refer to a mixture of D-napropamide and L-napropamide. The mixture may be, for example, a racemic mixture (i.e., a 1:1 mixture of D-napropamide and L-napropamide). The term napropamide also encompasses pure isomers of N,N-diethyl-2-(α-naphthoxy)propionamide, including, for example, D-napropamide.

[0012] Currently, many herbicide combinations have been developed and used, but it is not always possible to control undesirable plants / weeds.In addition, the case of herbicide-resistant weeds is becoming more and more common.Therefore, there is still a need for new herbicide combinations and methods for controlling undesirable plants / weeds in crops. Summary of the Invention

[0013] Purpose of this Disclosure A primary object of the present disclosure is to provide a herbicide combination comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide.

[0014] Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide a herbicide composition comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide.

[0015] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide the use of a herbicide combination comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide for selectively controlling undesirable plants / weeds in cereals.

[0016] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a method for selectively controlling the growth of undesirable plants / weeds in cereals comprising applying a combination of herbicides to the plants or their habitat.

[0017] In one aspect of the disclosure, the present invention provides a herbicide combination comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide.

[0018] In yet another aspect, the disclosure provides a herbicide composition comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide.

[0019] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides the use of a herbicide combination comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide to selectively control undesirable plants / weeds.

[0020] In another aspect, the disclosure provides a method for controlling undesirable plants / weeds comprising applying to the plant or its locus a herbicide composition comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide.

[0021] Further features and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description, which is given by way of example, in accordance with the most preferred features of the present disclosure, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure as described herein. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0022] The present disclosure will be described below with reference to the accompanying examples illustrating embodiments of the present disclosure. This description is not intended to be a detailed list of all the different ways in which the present disclosure may be implemented or all the features that may be added to the present disclosure. For example, features shown with respect to one embodiment may be incorporated in other embodiments, and features shown with respect to a particular embodiment may be deleted from that embodiment. Thus, the present disclosure contemplates that in some embodiments of the present disclosure, any feature or combination of features described herein may be excluded or omitted. Furthermore, numerous modifications and additions to the various embodiments suggested herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the present disclosure, and do not depart from the present disclosure. Thus, the following description is intended to illustrate some specific embodiments of the present disclosure, and is not intended to exhaustively specify all permutations, combinations, and modifications thereof.

[0023] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. Although methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of this disclosure, suitable methods and materials are described herein.

[0024] As used herein, "about" or "approximately" means inclusive of the stated value and within an acceptable range of deviation of the particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art taking into account the measurement in question and the error associated with the measurement of the particular quantity (i.e., measurement limits). For example, "about" can mean within one or more standard deviations, or within ±10% or ±5% of the stated value.

[0025] The recitation of a range of values ​​is merely intended to serve as a shorthand method of individually referring to each separate value falling within the range, and each separate value is incorporated herein as if it were individually recited herein, unless otherwise indicated herein. The endpoints of all ranges are included within the range and are independently combinable. As used herein, all numerical values ​​or numerical ranges include integers within such ranges and fractions of values, or integers within such ranges, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to a range of 90% to 100% includes 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 95%, 97%, etc., as well as 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, etc., 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, etc. All methods described herein can be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted by context.

[0026] The use of the terms "a," "an," and "the" and similar referents (particularly in the context of the claims which follow) should be construed to cover both the singular and the plural, unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted by context. As used herein, the terms first, second, etc. are not meant to denote a particular order, but are merely meant for convenience to denote a plurality, e.g., a layer.

[0027] The terms "comprising," "having," "including," and "containing" are to be construed as open-ended terms (i.e., meaning "including but not limited to"), unless otherwise specified.

[0028] The use of any and all examples or exemplary language (e.g., "etc.") is intended merely to better explain the disclosure and does not limit the scope of the disclosure unless otherwise stated. No language in the specification should be construed as indicating any non-claimed element essential to the practice of the disclosure as used herein.

[0029] Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for the elements without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the disclosure without departing from the essential scope of the disclosure. Therefore, it is not intended that the disclosure be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed as the best mode contemplated for carrying out the disclosure, but the disclosure is intended to include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.

[0030] The term "control" relates to weeds and includes the control of weeds as well as the protection of plants, plant parts or plant seeds from attack or infestation by these weeds.

[0031] The various quantity expressions relating to "%" or "% w / v" mean weight percent of the total solution or composition, unless otherwise specified.

[0032] As used herein, the term "herbicide" means a compound that controls or modifies the growth of undesirable weeds / plants.

[0033] The term "herbicidally effective amount" refers to the amount of such a compound or combination of such compounds that can control or modify the effect on the growth of harmful plants / unwanted vegetation / weeds. Control effects include any deviation from natural occurrence, such as death, delay, defoliation, bleaching, dwarfing, etc.

[0034] As used herein, the term "pre-emergence" refers to the point before the seedlings emerge from the ground. When any herbicide is applied at the pre-emergence stage, it prevents the establishment of the germinated weed seedlings.

[0035] As used herein, the term "post-emergence" refers to the time point after the seedlings emerge from the ground. If any herbicide is applied at the post-emergence stage, it prevents the growth of the emerged weed seedlings.

[0036] The term "plant" refers to all physical parts of a plant, including seeds, seedlings, saplings, roots, tubers, stems, stalks, foliage, and fruits.

[0037] The term "locus" refers to the area of ​​a planted crop or the location where weeds occur or grow or can occur or grow, and is intended to include soil, growing media other than soil. The present disclosure provides combinations comprising napropamide / napropamide-M for selectively controlling weeds growing in the locus of a cereal crop, the combinations comprising napropamide / napropamide-M being applied to the locus of the cereal crop.

[0038] The term "selective control" means that the herbicide combination controls the growth of some species of plants while allowing the growth of others. Thus, selective control of weeds means that the growth of weeds is controlled while the growth of other non-weed plants, such as cereals, is not controlled or is controlled to a significantly lesser extent than the growth of weeds. Usually, the control of weed growth includes the prevention of germination, root formation, or growth of weed plants. In many cases, the control of weed growth includes the slowing or stopping of the growth rate of weed plants. The control of weed growth may include the prevention or slowing of root development. The control of weed growth may also include inhibiting cell division, thereby preventing root or leaf development, especially root development. The control of weed growth may include the prevention, inhibition, or slowing of germination of weed seeds. After application of the herbicide combination, the growth of the weeds may be relatively reduced compared to the growth of the weeds in the absence of the herbicide combination. In many cases, the growth of weeds following application of the herbicide combination is suppressed by at least 50%, preferably at least 60%, preferably at least 70%, preferably at least 80%, preferably at least 90%, more preferably at least 95%, preferably at least 97%, preferably at least 98%, or preferably at least 99%, compared to the growth of weeds in the absence of the herbicide combination. In this disclosure, the herbicide combination comprises napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide.

[0039] The present inventors have surprisingly found that herbicide combinations including napropamide / napropamide-M can effectively and selectively control the growth of undesirable plants / weeds in cereals. As described in this disclosure, the present inventors have shown that when a combination including napropamide / napropamide-M is applied to cereals, it selectively targets weeds, including common grass-type weeds, while selectively sparing the cereals themselves. This finding is advantageous in view of the fact that both cereals and grass-type weeds are monocotyledonous plants. Thus, finding a herbicide combination that shows selectivity between different types of monocotyledonous plants is not an easy endeavor, as such selectivity cannot be predicted. Thus, it was unexpected that a combination including napropamide / napropamide-M can control one type of monocotyledonous plant, i.e., grass-type weeds, while sparing other types of monocotyledonous plants, such as cereals.

[0040] The herbicide combination comprises napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide. Alternatively, the combination may be administered in the form of a composition that includes one or more additional components, such as one or more agrochemically acceptable excipients, diluents, adjuvants and / or safeners.

[0041] Therefore, selective control of weeds growing in the cereal field does not usually prevent the germination, rooting or growth of the cereal, but includes preventing the germination, rooting or growth of the weed. For example, the growth of the cereal after application of the herbicide combination may be at least 50% compared to the growth of the cereal in the absence of the herbicide combination. In many cases, the growth of the cereal after application of the herbicide combination may be at least 60%, preferably at least 70%, preferably at least 80%, preferably at least 90%, preferably at least 95%, preferably at least 97%, preferably at least 98%, preferably at least 99%, or even preferably 100% compared to the growth of the cereal in the absence of the herbicide combination. Most typically, the application of the herbicide combination does not significantly affect the growth of the cereal while significantly controlling the growth of undesirable plants / weeds.

[0042] In the present disclosure, the locus of the cereal is the vicinity of the cereal where selective control of weeds is required. In the present disclosure, the locus may be, for example, a container such as a flower pot or a grow bag, a flower bed or a field. Typically, in the present disclosure, the locus is a field. The locus is any locus in which the cereal is planted or which will be planted after application of the herbicide combination. The locus is an area where weed growth has occurred or is expected to occur in the absence of application of the herbicide combination.

[0043] In the present disclosure, the cereal planted or to be planted in the locus can be any cereal. In the present disclosure, the term "crop" typically relates to a number of desired crop plants, i.e., cereal plants, but may also refer to only one desired crop plant, i.e., one cereal plant. Thus, the term "crop" encompasses plants in which the target part of the plant (e.g., seeds) has already developed or in which the target part of the plant has not yet developed, e.g., young or immature plants.

[0044] As one skilled in the art will appreciate, cereals are generally monocotyledonous. Typically, cereals are monocotyledonous cereals. In this disclosure, cereals are typically selected from wheat, barley, rice, corn, sorghum, oats, rye, millet, triticale, and fonio. Sometimes, cereals are selected from barley, rice, corn, sorghum, oats, rye, millet, triticale, and fonio. Usually, in this disclosure, cereals are selected from wheat, barley, rice, and corn. More often, in this disclosure, cereals are selected from wheat, rice, and corn. Even more often, in this disclosure, cereals are selected from wheat and corn. More often, in this disclosure, cereals are wheat.

[0045] In the present disclosure, when the cereal is wheat, the wheat may be winter wheat or spring wheat. Typically, the wheat is winter wheat. Those skilled in the art will understand that winter wheat is a strain of wheat that is planted in the fall and thus grows over the winter. A typical winter wheat is soft wheat (winter), which has the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) code TRZAW. Thus, winter wheat can be TRZAW. Winter wheat germinates and grows into a seedling, remains in the vegetative phase during the winter, and resumes growth in early spring. For winter wheat, the physiological stage of heading (when the panicle first appears) is delayed until the plant undergoes vernalization, usually after about 30 to about 60 days at about 0°C to 5°C.

[0046] In the present disclosure, the weeds to be selectively controlled are typically monocotyledonous weeds. Thus, the present disclosure typically provides the use of a herbicide combination comprising napropamide / napropamide-M to selectively control monocotyledonous weeds growing in a monocotyledonous cereal growing area, where the combination comprising napropamide / napropamide-M is applied to the monocotyledonous cereal growing area. In other words, the present disclosure provides a means for selectively controlling monocotyledonous weeds in monocotyledonous crops.

[0047] The weed genera selectively targeted in the present disclosure are typically selected from the genera Alopecurus (e.g., Alopecurus myosuroides), Echinochloa (e.g., Echinochloa crus-galli L.), Bromus (e.g., Bromus secalinus or Bromus tectorum L.), Lolium (e.g., Lolium multiflorum Lam. (Italian ryegrass, LOLMU), Poa and Setaria (e.g., Setaria glauca L.Beauv.)) and Raphanus (e.g., Raphanus sativus).

[0048] For example, the weeds may be one or more of the following species:

[0049] Alopecurus aequalis, Alopecurus albovii, Alopecurus anatolicus, Alopecurus apiatus, Alopecurus arundinaceus, Alopecurus aucheri, Alopecurus baptarrhenius, Alopecurus bonariensis, Alopecurus borii, Alopecurus bornmuelleri, Alopecurus brachystachus, Alopecurus bulbosus, Alopecurus carolinianus, Alopecurus creticus, Alopecurus dasyanthus, Alopecurus davisii, Alopecurus geniculatus, Alopecurus gerardii, Alopecurus glacialis, Alopecurus × haussknechtianus, Alopecurus heliochloides, Alopecurus himalaicus, Alopecurus hitchcockii, Alopecurus japonicas, Alopecurus laguroides, Alopecurus lanatus, Alopecurus longiaristatus, Alopecurus magellanicus, Alopecurus × marssonii, Alopecurus mucronatus, Alopecurus myosuroides, Alopecurus nepalensis, Alopecurus × plettkei, Alopecurus ponticus, Alopecurus pratensis, Alopecurus rendlei, Alopecurus saccatus, Alopecurus setarioides, Alopecurus textilis, Alopecurus turczaninovii, Alopecurus × turicensis, Alopecurus utriculatus, Alopecurus vaginatus, Alopecurus × winklerianus, Bromus aleutensis, Bromusalopecuros, Bromus anomalus, Bromus arenarius, Bromus arizonicus, Bromus arvensis, Bromus berteroanus, Bromus biebersteinii, Bromus briziformis, Bromus bromoideus, Bromus carinatus, Bromus cabrerensis, Bromus catharticu, Bromus ciliates, Bromus ciliates (inc.ssp.ciliates and richardsonii), Bromus commutatu, Bromus danthoniae, Bromus diandrus, Bromus erectu, Bromus exaltatus, Bromus fibrosus, Bromus frigidus, Bromus frondosus, Bromus grandis, Bromus grossus, Bromus hordeaceus, Bromus hordeaceus (inc.ssp.ferronii, hordeaceus, molliformis, pseudothominii and thominei), Bromus inermis, Bromus inermis (inc.ssp.inermis and pumpellianus), Bromus interruptus, Bromus japonicas, Bromus kalmia, Bromus kinabaluensis, Bromus koeieanus, Bromus kopetdagensis, Bromus laevipes, Bromus lanatipes, Bromus lanceolatus, Bromus latiglumis, Bromus Lepidus, Bromus luzonensis, Bromus macrostachys, Bromus madritensis, Bromus mango, Bromus marginatus, Bromus maritimus, Bromus mucroglumis, Bromus nottowayanus, Bromus orcuttianus, Bromus pacificus, Bromuspolyanthus (inc. ssp. paniculatus and polyanthus), Bromus porter, Bromus pseudolaevipes, Bromus pseudosecalinus, Bromus pseudothominii, Bromus pubescens, Bromus ramosus (inc ssp. benekii and ramosus), Bromus rigidus, Bromus scoparius, Bromus secalinus, Bromus sitchensis, Bromus squarrosus, Bromus stamineus, Bromus sterilis, Bromus suksdorfii, Bromus tectorum, Bromus texensis, Bromus vulgaris, Bromus willdenowii.

[0050] Echinochloa brevipedicellata、Echinochloa callopus、Echinochloa chacoensis、Echinochloa colona、Echinochloa crus-galli、Echinochloa crus-pavonis、Echinochloa elliptica、Echinochloa glabrescens、Echinochloa haploclada、Echinochloa helodes、Echinochloa holciformis、Echinochloa inundata、Echinochloa jaliscana、Echinochloa jubata、Echinochloa kimberleyensis、Echinochloa lacunaria、Echinochloa macrandra、Echinochloa muricata、Echinochloa obtusiflora、Echinochloa oplismenoides、Echinochloa oryzoides、Echinochloa paludigena、Echinochloa picta、Echinochloa pithopus、Echinochloa polystachya、Echinochloa praestans、Echinochloa pyramidalis、Echinochloa rotundiflora、Echinochloa telmatophila、Echinochloa turneriana、Echinochloa ugandensis, Echinochloa walteri, Lolium arundinaceum, Lolium canariense, Lolium giganteum, Lolium × hybridum, Lolium mazzettianum, Lolium multiflorum, Lolium perenne L., Lolium persicum, Lolium pratense, Lolium remotum, Lolium rigidum, Lolium saxatile, Lolium temulentum L, Setaria acromelaena, Setaria alonsoi, Setariaapiculata, Setaria appendiculata, Setaria arizonica, Setaria atrata, Setaria australiensis, Setaria austrocaledonica, Setaria barbata, Setaria barbinodis, Setaria bathiei, Setaria cernua, Setaria chondrachne, Setaria cinerea, Setaria clivalis, Setaria cordobensis, Setaria corrugate, Setaria dielsii, Setaria elementii, Setaria faberi, Setaria fiebrigii, Setaria finite, Setaria forbesiana, Setaria glauca L.Beauv., Setaria globulifera, Setaria gracillima, Setaria grandis, Setaria grisebachii, Setaria guizhouensis, Setaria hassleri, Setaria homonyma, Setaria humbertiana, Setaria hunzikeri, Setaria incrassate, Setaria intermedia, Setaria italic, Setaria jaffrei, Setaria kagerensis, Setaria lachnea, Setaria latifolia, Setaria leucopila, Setaria liebmannii, Setaria lindenbergiana, Setaria longipila, Setaria longiseta, Setaria macrosperma, Setaria macrostachya, Setaria madecassa, Setaria magna, Setaria megaphylla, Setaria mendocina, Setaria mildbraedii, Setaria montana, Setaria nepalense, Setaria nicorae, Setaria nigrirostris, Setariaoblongata, Setaria obscura, Setaria oplismenoides, Setaria orthosticha, Setaria palmeri, Setaria palmifolia, Setaria pampeana, Setaria paraguayensis, Setaria parodii, Setaria parviflora, Setaria paspalidioides, Setaria pauciflora, Setaria paucifolia, Setaria perrieri, Setaria petiolata, Setaria pflanzii, Setaria plicata, Setaria poiretiana, Setaria pseudaristata, Setaria pumila, Setaria queenslandica, Setaria restioidea, Setaria rigida, Setaria roemeri, Setaria rosengurttii, Setaria sagittifolia, Setaria scabrifolia, Setaria scandens, Setaria scheelei, Setaria scottii, Setaria seriata, Setaria setosa, Setaria sphacelata, Setaria stolonifera, Setaria submacrostachya, Setaria sulcata, Setaria surgens, Setaria tenacissima, Setaria tenax, Setaria texana, Setaria vaginata, Setaria vatkeana, Setaria verticillata, Setaria villosissima, Setaria viridis, Setaria vulpiseta, Setaria welwitschii, and Setaria yunnanensis.

[0051] One beneficial aspect of the present disclosure is the selective control of weeds in cereals, which weeds are resistant to control by conventional selective herbicides other than napropamide. Those skilled in the art will understand that weeds that are resistant to control by a given herbicide do not necessarily have to be completely affected by the application of the herbicide. Rather, weeds that are resistant to control by a given herbicide may be able to grow in the presence of the herbicide, albeit at a lower level than in the absence of the herbicide. Weeds that are resistant to control by a given herbicide, but not to control by napropamide / napropamide-M, may grow better in the presence of an effective amount of the herbicide than in the presence of an effective amount of a combination that includes napropamide. In other words, napropamide / napropamide-M may be more effective at controlling the growth of weeds than other herbicides. For example, a herbicide to which a given weed is resistant may typically exhibit less than 97% efficacy against that weed, in other words, at least 3% of the weed plants to which an effective amount of the herbicide is applied may survive the application of the herbicide.More typically, such herbicides may exhibit less than 95% efficacy against a weed, preferably less than 90%, preferably less than 80%, preferably less than 70%, preferably less than 60%, preferably less than 50%, preferably less than 40%, or even less than 35% efficacy.In other words, typically, at least 5% of the weed plants to which an effective amount of the herbicide is applied, such as at least 10% of the weed plants, preferably at least 20% of the weed plants, preferably at least 30% of the weed plants, preferably at least 40% of the weed plants, preferably at least 50% of the weed plants, preferably at least 60% of the weed plants, or even more, such as more than at least 65% of the weed plants, survive the application of the herbicide.In contrast, such weeds are typically susceptible to control by combinations comprising napropamide / napropamide-M, for example, a combination comprising napropamide / napropamide-M is typically capable of suppressing the growth of such resistant weeds by at least 60%, preferably at least 70%, preferably at least 80%, preferably at least 90%, preferably at least 95%, preferably at least 97%, preferably at least 98%, or preferably at least 99%, compared to the growth of the weeds in the absence of the combination comprising napropamide. For example, for some weeds, conventional herbicides are less than 50% effective, preferably less than 40%, or even less effective, preferably less than 35%, and napropamide / napropamide-M are at least 60% effective, preferably at least 70% effective, preferably 80% effective, or preferably 90% effective.

[0052] Thus, in one embodiment, the present disclosure provides a combination of herbicides.

[0053] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides a herbicide combination comprising an acetamide herbicide and a second herbicide.

[0054] As used throughout this disclosure, acetamide herbicides or other active ingredients, such as the second herbicide, include their salts, esters, ethers, polymorphs (including solvates and hydrates). Salts include salts that retain the biological effectiveness and properties of the active ingredients and are not biologically or otherwise undesirable, and include derivatives of the disclosed compounds in which the parent compound is modified by producing inorganic and organic non-toxic acid or base addition salts thereof. Salts can be synthesized from the parent compound by conventional chemical methods.

[0055] In one embodiment, acetamide herbicides include diphenamid, naproanilide, napropamide, and napropamide-M.

[0056] According to another embodiment, the acetamide herbicide is napropamide.

[0057] According to another embodiment, the acetamide herbicide is napropamide-M.

[0058] According to another embodiment, the acetamide herbicide is napropamide or napropamide-M.

[0059] In one embodiment, the disclosure provides a herbicide combination comprising an acetamide herbicide and a second herbicide, wherein the acetamide herbicide is napropamide.

[0060] In one embodiment, the disclosure provides a herbicide combination comprising an acetamide herbicide and a second herbicide, wherein the acetamide herbicide is napropamide-M.

[0061] In one embodiment, the present disclosure provides a herbicide combination comprising napropamide, a salt, ester, isomer, or derivative thereof, and a second herbicide.

[0062] In one embodiment, the napropamide comprises napropamide-M.

[0063] In one embodiment, the disclosure provides a herbicide combination comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide.

[0064] In one embodiment, the disclosure provides a herbicide combination for controlling weeds, the combination comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide.

[0065] In one embodiment, the herbicide combination that includes napropamide includes a second herbicide other than napropamide.

[0066] In one embodiment, the herbicide combination that includes napropamide-M includes a second herbicide that is different from napropamide-M.

[0067] In one embodiment, the herbicide combination comprising napropamide / napropamide-M includes a second herbicide other than napropamide / napropamide-M.

[0068] In one embodiment, the second herbicide is selected from the group including a very long chain fatty acid synthesis inhibitor, a deoxy-d-xylulose phosphate synthase inhibitor, a solanesyl diphosphate synthase inhibitor, or a combination thereof.

[0069] In another preferred embodiment, the herbicide combination comprising napropamide / napropamide-M comprises a very long chain fatty acid synthesis inhibitor as a second herbicide.

[0070] In another embodiment, the very long chain fatty acid synthesis inhibitor comprises an α-chloroacetamide, an α-thioacetamide, an α-oxyacetamide, an oxirane, an isoxazoline, an azolyl-carboxamide, a benzofuran, a thiocarbamate, and combinations thereof.

[0071] In another embodiment, very long chain fatty acid synthesis inhibitors include acetochlor, alachlor, vernolate, piperofos, dimethenamid, metazachlor, metolachlor, pretilachlor, propachlor, dimethachlor, anilofos, esprocarb, dimepiperate, petoxamide, triallate, cycloate, thiobencarb / benthiocarb, orbencarb, flufenacet, prosulfocarb, butachlor, mefenacet, molinate, S-ethyldipropylthiocarbamate (EPTC), benfuresate, indanofan, cafenstrole, tridiphane, fenoxasulfone, ipfencarbazone, pyroxasulfone, ethofumesate, thenylchlor, propisochlor, and fentrazamide.

[0072] In a preferred embodiment, very long chain fatty acid synthesis inhibitors include ethofumesate, prosulfocarb, pyroxasulfone and propisochlor.

[0073] In another preferred embodiment, the second herbicide for the herbicide combination comprising napropamide / napropamide-M is selected from ethofumesate, prosulfocarb, pyroxasulfone and propisochlor.

[0074] In one embodiment, the second herbicide is ethofumesate.

[0075] In one embodiment, the second herbicide is prosulfocarb.

[0076] In one embodiment, the second herbicide is pyroxasulfone.

[0077] In one embodiment, the second herbicide is propisochlor.

[0078] In another preferred embodiment, the herbicide combination comprising napropamide / napropamide-M comprises a deoxy-d-xylulose phosphate synthase inhibitor as the second herbicide.

[0079] In another embodiment, the deoxy-d-xylulose phosphate synthase inhibitor comprises an isoxazolidinone.

[0080] In another embodiment, the isoxazolidinones include bixlozone and clomazone.

[0081] In another preferred embodiment, the deoxy-d-xylulose phosphate synthase inhibitor comprises bixlozone.

[0082] In one embodiment, the second herbicide is bixlozone.

[0083] In another preferred embodiment, the second herbicide for the herbicide combination comprising napropamide / napropamide-M is bixlozone.

[0084] In another preferred embodiment, the herbicide combination comprising napropamide / napropamide-M comprises a solanesyl diphosphate synthase inhibitor as the second herbicide.

[0085] In another embodiment, the solanesyl diphosphate synthase inhibitor comprises aclonifen.

[0086] In one embodiment, the second herbicide is aclonifen.

[0087] In another preferred embodiment, the second herbicide for the herbicide combination comprising napropamide / napropamide-M is aclonifen.

[0088] In another embodiment, the herbicide combination of the present disclosure includes (a) an acetamide herbicide and (b) a second herbicide.

[0089] In one embodiment, the herbicide combination of the present disclosure includes (a) napropamide, a salt, ester, isomer, or derivative thereof, and (b) a second herbicide.

[0090] In one embodiment, the napropamide comprises napropamide-M.

[0091] In another embodiment, the herbicide combination of the present disclosure comprises (a) napropamide / napropamide-M and (b) a second herbicide.

[0092] In another embodiment, the herbicide combination of the present disclosure comprises (a) napropamide / napropamide-M and (b) a very long chain fatty acid synthesis inhibitor selected from the group comprising ethofumesate, prosulfocarb, pyroxasulfone, and propisochlor.

[0093] In another embodiment, the herbicide combination of the present disclosure comprises (a) napropamide / napropamide-M and (b) ethofumesate.

[0094] In another embodiment, the herbicide combination of the present disclosure comprises (a) napropamide / napropamide-M, and (b) prosulfocarb.

[0095] In another embodiment, the herbicide combination of the present disclosure comprises (a) napropamide / napropamide-M and (b) pyroxasulfone.

[0096] In another embodiment, the herbicide combination of the present disclosure comprises (a) napropamide / napropamide-M and (b) propisochlor.

[0097] In another embodiment, the herbicide combination of the present disclosure comprises (a) napropamide / napropamide-M and (b) a deoxy-d-xylulose phosphate synthase inhibitor, comprising bixlozone.

[0098] In another embodiment, the herbicide combination of the present disclosure comprises (a) napropamide / napropamide-M and (b) bixlozone.

[0099] In another embodiment, the herbicide combination of the present disclosure comprises (a) napropamide / napropamide-M and (b) a solanesyl diphosphate synthase inhibitor, including aclonifen.

[0100] In another embodiment, the herbicide combination of the present disclosure comprises (a) napropamide / napropamide-M, and (b) aclonifen.

[0101] In another embodiment, the second herbicide is selected from the group comprising ethofumesate, prosulfocarb, pyroxasulfone, propisochlor, bixlozone, and aclonifen.

[0102] In one embodiment, the herbicide combination comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide further comprises a third herbicide.

[0103] In one embodiment, the disclosure provides a herbicide combination comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide, and further comprising a third herbicide.

[0104] In one embodiment, the disclosure provides a herbicide combination comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide, and optionally a third herbicide.

[0105] In one embodiment, the disclosure provides a herbicide combination comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide selected from the group comprising a very long chain fatty acid synthesis inhibitor, a deoxy-d-xylulose phosphate synthase inhibitor and a solanesyl diphosphate synthase inhibitor, and further comprising a third herbicide.

[0106] In one embodiment, the disclosure provides a herbicide combination comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide selected from the group comprising a very long chain fatty acid synthesis inhibitor, a deoxy-d-xylulose phosphate synthase inhibitor and a solanesyl diphosphate synthase inhibitor, and optionally a third herbicide.

[0107] In one embodiment, the third herbicide is selected from the group comprising phytoene desaturase inhibitors.

[0108] In another embodiment, the phytoene desaturase inhibitor comprises a phenyl-ether, an n-phenyl heterocycle, a diphenyl heterocycle, and combinations thereof.

[0109] In preferred embodiments, the phenyl-ethers include diflufenican, beflubutamide, and picolinafen.

[0110] In preferred embodiments, the phenyl heterocycles include flurochloridone and norflurazon.

[0111] In a preferred embodiment, the diphenyl heterocycles include fluridone and flurtamone.

[0112] In preferred embodiments, phytoene desaturase inhibitors include diflufenican, beflubutamide, fluorochloridone, fluridone, picolinafen, norflurazon and flurtamone.

[0113] In a preferred embodiment, the third herbicide is selected from the group including diflufenican, beflubutamid, fluorochloridone, fluridone, picolinafen, norflurazon and flurtamone.

[0114] In one embodiment, the third herbicide is diflufenican.

[0115] In another preferred embodiment, the third herbicide for the herbicide combination comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide is diflufenican.

[0116] In another embodiment, the herbicide combination of the present disclosure comprises: (a) an acetamide herbicide; (b) a second herbicide; and (c) an optional third herbicide.

[0117] In another embodiment, the herbicide combination of the present disclosure includes (a) an acetamide herbicide; (b) a second herbicide; and (c) a third herbicide.

[0118] In one embodiment, the herbicide combination of the present disclosure includes (a) napropamide, a salt, ester, isomer, or derivative thereof; (b) a second herbicide; and (c) a third herbicide.

[0119] In one embodiment, the napropamide comprises napropamide-M.

[0120] In another embodiment, the herbicide combination of the present disclosure includes (a) napropamide / napropamide-M, (b) a second herbicide, and (c) a third herbicide.

[0121] In another embodiment, the herbicide combination of the present disclosure comprises (a) napropamide / napropamide-M; (b) a very long chain fatty acid synthesis inhibitor selected from the group comprising ethofumesate, prosulfocarb, pyroxasulfone, and propisochlor; and (c) a phytoene desaturase inhibitor selected from the group comprising diflufenican, beflubutamid, fluorochloridone, fluridone, picolinafen, norflurazon, and flurtamone.

[0122] In another embodiment, the herbicide combination of the present disclosure comprises (a) napropamide / napropamide-M, (b) ethofumesate, and (c) diflufenican.

[0123] In another embodiment, the herbicide combination of the present disclosure comprises (a) napropamide / napropamide-M, (b) prosulfocarb, and (c) diflufenican.

[0124] In another embodiment, the herbicide combination of the present disclosure comprises (a) napropamide / napropamide-M, (b) pyroxasulfone, and (c) diflufenican.

[0125] In another embodiment, the herbicide combination of the present disclosure comprises (a) napropamide / napropamide-M, (b) propisochlor, and (c) diflufenican.

[0126] In another embodiment, the herbicide combination of the present disclosure comprises (a) napropamide / napropamide-M and (b) a deoxy-d-xylulose phosphate synthase inhibitor fluorochloridone, including bixlozone (c) a phytoene desaturase inhibitor selected from the group including diflufenican, beflubutamid, fluorochloridone, fluridone, picolinafen, norflurazon, and flurtamone.

[0127] In another embodiment, the herbicide combination of the present disclosure comprises (a) napropamide / napropamide-M, (b) bixlozone, and (c) diflufenican.

[0128] In another embodiment, the herbicide combination of the present disclosure comprises (a) napropamide / napropamide-M, (b) a solanesyl diphosphate synthase inhibitor, comprising aclonifen, and (c) a phytoene desaturase inhibitor selected from the group comprising diflufenican, beflubutamid, fluorochloridone, fluridone, picolinafen, norflurazon, and flurtamone.

[0129] In another embodiment, the herbicide combination of the present disclosure comprises (a) napropamide / napropamide-M, (b) aclonifen, and (c) diflufenican.

[0130] In one embodiment, the herbicide combination comprising napropamide / napropamide-M comprises a second herbicide selected from the group comprising very long chain fatty acid synthesis inhibitors, deoxy-d-xylulose phosphate synthase inhibitors and solanesyl diphosphate synthase inhibitors; and optionally diflufenican.

[0131] In one embodiment, the herbicide combination comprising napropamide / napropamide-M comprises a second herbicide selected from the group comprising a very long chain fatty acid synthesis inhibitor, a deoxy-d-xylulose phosphate synthase inhibitor and a solanesyl diphosphate synthase inhibitor, and diflufenican.

[0132] In a preferred embodiment, napropamide / napropamide-M is present in a concentration range of about 1 to about 700 g / L and the second herbicide is present in a concentration range of about 500 to about 1000 g / L.

[0133] In a preferred embodiment, napropamide / napropamide-M is present in a concentration range of about 50 to about 600 g / L and the second herbicide is present in a concentration range of about 600 to about 1000 g / L.

[0134] In a preferred embodiment, napropamide / napropamide-M is present in a concentration range of about 200 to about 550 g / L and the second herbicide is present in a concentration range of about 700 to about 900 g / L.

[0135] In a preferred embodiment, napropamide / napropamide-M is present at a concentration of about 450 g / L and the second herbicide is present at a concentration of about 800 g / L.

[0136] In a preferred embodiment, napropamide / napropamide-M is present in a concentration range of about 450 g / L.

[0137] In a preferred embodiment, prosulfocarb is present in a concentration range of about 800 g / L.

[0138] In another embodiment, the present invention provides a herbicide combination comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide, wherein the weight ratio of napropamide / napropamide-M to the second herbicide ranges from about 1:100 to about 100:1.

[0139] In preferred embodiments, the weight ratio of napropamide / napropamide-M to the second herbicide is selected from ratios including 1:1, 10:1, 20:1, 30:1, 40:1, 50:1, 60:1, 70:1, 80:1, 90:1 and 100:1.

[0140] In a preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of napropamide / napropamide-M to the second herbicide is selected from ratios including 1:1, 1:10, 1:20, 1:30, 1:40, 1:50, 1:60, 1:70, 1:80, 1:90 and 1:100.

[0141] In a preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of napropamide / napropamide-M to the second herbicide is from about 1:0.1 to about 1:10.

[0142] In a preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of napropamide / napropamide-M to the second herbicide is from about 1:0.1 to about 1:5.

[0143] In a preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of napropamide / napropamide-M to the second herbicide is from about 1:0.5 to about 1:3.

[0144] In a preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of napropamide / napropamide-M to the second herbicide is from about 1:1 to about 1:3.

[0145] In a preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of napropamide / napropamide-M to prosulfocarb is 1:1.7.

[0146] In a preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of napropamide / napropamide-M to propisochlor is 1:1.6.

[0147] Thus, in one embodiment, the present disclosure provides a herbicide composition.

[0148] In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides: (a) an acetamide herbicide; (b) a second herbicide; The present invention provides a herbicide composition comprising:

[0149] In one embodiment, the present disclosure provides: (a) napropamide, its salts, esters, isomers or derivatives thereof; and (b) a second herbicide. The present invention provides a herbicide composition comprising:

[0150] In one embodiment, the napropamide comprises napropamide-M.

[0151] In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides: (a) Napropamide / Napropamide-M; (b) a second herbicide; 1. A herbicide composition comprising: A herbicide composition is provided, wherein the second herbicide is selected from the group including ethofumesate, prosulfocarb, pyroxasulfone, propisochlor, bixlozone and aclonifen.

[0152] In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides: (a) Napropamide / Napropamide-M; (b) Ethofumesate and The present invention provides a herbicide composition comprising:

[0153] In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides: (a) Napropamide / Napropamide-M; (b) Prosulfocarb and The present invention provides a herbicide composition comprising:

[0154] In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides: (a) Napropamide / Napropamide-M; (b) Pyroxasulfone and The present invention provides a herbicide composition comprising:

[0155] In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides: (a) Napropamide / Napropamide-M; (b) Propisochlor and The present invention provides a herbicide composition comprising:

[0156] In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides: (a) Napropamide / Napropamide-M; (b) Bixrozon and The present invention provides a herbicide composition comprising:

[0157] In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides: (a) Napropamide / Napropamide-M; (b) Aclonifen and The present invention provides a herbicide composition comprising:

[0158] In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides: (a) an acetamide herbicide; (b) a second herbicide; and (c) optionally a third herbicide; The present invention provides a herbicide composition comprising:

[0159] In one embodiment, the present disclosure provides: (a) napropamide, its salts, esters, isomers or derivatives thereof, (b) a second herbicide; and (c) optionally a third herbicide; The present invention provides a herbicide composition comprising:

[0160] In one embodiment, the napropamide comprises napropamide-M.

[0161] In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides: (a) Napropamide / Napropamide-M; (b) a second herbicide; and (c) optionally a third herbicide; The present invention provides a herbicide composition comprising:

[0162] In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides: (a) Napropamide / Napropamide-M; (b) a second herbicide; and (c) a third herbicide; The present invention provides a herbicide composition comprising:

[0163] In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides: (a) Napropamide / Napropamide-M; (b) a second herbicide; and (c) a third herbicide; 1. A herbicide composition comprising: The herbicide composition is provided, wherein the third herbicide is selected from the group including diflufenican, beflubutamid, flurochloridone, fluridone, picolinafen, norflurazon, and flurtamone.

[0164] In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides: (a) Napropamide / Napropamide-M; (b) a second herbicide; and (c) Diflufenican and The present invention provides a herbicide composition comprising:

[0165] In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides: (a) Napropamide / Napropamide-M; (b) ethofumesate, (c) Diflufenican and The present invention provides a herbicide composition comprising:

[0166] In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides: (a) Napropamide / Napropamide-M; (b) prosulfocarb, (c) Diflufenican and The present invention provides a herbicide composition comprising:

[0167] In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides: (a) Napropamide / Napropamide-M; (b) pyroxasulfone, (c) Diflufenican and The present invention provides a herbicide composition comprising:

[0168] In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides: (a) Napropamide / Napropamide-M; (b) propisochlor, (c) Diflufenican and The present invention provides a herbicide composition comprising:

[0169] In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides: (a) Napropamide / Napropamide-M; (b) Bixlozone; (c) Diflufenican and The present invention provides a herbicide composition comprising:

[0170] In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides: (a) Napropamide / Napropamide-M; (b) aclonifen, (c) Diflufenican and The present invention provides a herbicide composition comprising:

[0171] In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides: (a) Napropamide / Napropamide-M; (b) a second herbicide; and (c) at least one agronomically acceptable excipient; The present invention provides a herbicide composition comprising:

[0172] In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides: (a) Napropamide / Napropamide-M; (b) a second herbicide; 1. A herbicide composition comprising: (c) optionally a third herbicide; (d) at least one agronomically acceptable excipient; The present invention provides a herbicide composition comprising:

[0173] In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides: (a) Napropamide / Napropamide-M; (b) a second herbicide; 1. A herbicide composition comprising: (c) a third herbicide; and (d) at least one agronomically acceptable excipient; The present invention provides a herbicide composition comprising:

[0174] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the agronomically acceptable excipient is selected from one or more of an emulsifier, a colorant, a thickener / binder, an antifreeze agent, an antifoaming agent, an antioxidant, a solvent, a preservative, a glidant, an anti-caking agent, a pH adjusting agent, a buffering agent, a formulation aid, a disintegrant, or a combination thereof.

[0175] In another embodiment, emulsifiers that can be advantageously used herein can be easily determined by those skilled in the art and include various nonionic, anionic, cationic, and amphoteric emulsifiers, or blends of two or more emulsifiers. Examples of nonionic emulsifiers useful for preparing emulsifiable concentrates include polyalkylene glycol ethers, and condensation products of alkyl and aryl phenols, aliphatic alcohols, aliphatic amines, or fatty acids with ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, such as ethoxylated alkylphenols and carboxylic acid esters solubilized with polyols or polyoxyalkylenes. Cationic emulsifiers include quaternary ammonium compounds and fatty amine salts. Anionic emulsifiers include oil-soluble salts (e.g., calcium) of alkylaryl sulfonic acids, oil-soluble salts or sulfated polyglycol ethers, and suitable salts of phosphorylated polyglycol ethers.

[0176] In one embodiment, the colorant may be selected from iron oxide, titanium oxide, and Prussian blue, as well as organic dyes such as alizarin dyes, azo dyes, or metal phthalocyanine dyes, and trace elements such as salts of iron, manganese, boron, copper, cobalt, molybdenum, and zinc.

[0177] In one embodiment, the thickening or binding agent may be selected from, but is not limited to, molasses, granulated sugar, alginates, karaya gum, jaggery gum, tragacanth gum, polysaccharide gums, mucilage, xanthan gum, or combinations thereof. In another embodiment, the binding agent is a silicate such as magnesium aluminum silicate, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl acetate copolymers, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol copolymers, cellulose including ethyl cellulose and methyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxymethylpropyl-cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, dextrin, malto-dextrin, polysaccharides, fats, oils, proteins, gum arabic, shellac, vinylidene chloride, vinylidene chloride copolymers, calcium lignosulfonate, acrylic acid copolymers, starch, polyvinyl acrylate, zein, gelatin. , carboxymethylcellulose, chitosan, polyethylene oxide, acrylamide polymers and copolymers, polyhydroxyethyl acrylate, methylacrylamide monomer, alginates, ethylcellulose, polychloroprene, and syrups or mixtures thereof; polymers and copolymers of vinyl acetate, methylcellulose, vinylidene chloride, acrylic acid, cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and polysaccharides; polymers and copolymers of vinylidene chloride and vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymers; combinations of polyvinyl alcohol and sucrose; plasticizers such as glycerol, propylene glycol, polyglycols, and the like.

[0178] In another embodiment, the antifreeze agent added to the composition may be an alcohol selected from the group consisting of, but not limited to, ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,4-pentanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-butanediol, trimethylolpropane, mannitol, sorbitol, glycerol, pentaerythritol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, xylenol, bisphenols, such as bisphenol A, and the like. In addition, ether alcohols such as diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, polyoxyethylene or polyoxypropylene glycols of molecular weight up to about 4000, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, triethylene glycol monomethyl ether, butoxyethanol, butylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, tetrapentaerythritol, diglycerol, triglycerol, tetraglycerol, pentaglycerol, hexaglycerol, heptaglycerol, octaglycerol.

[0179] According to one embodiment, the antifoaming agent may be selected from polydimethoxysiloxanes, polydimethylsiloxanes, alkyl polyacrylates, castor oil, fatty acids, fatty acid esters, fatty acid sulfates, fatty alcohols, fatty alcohol esters, fatty alcohol sulfates, olive oil, mono- and diglycerides, paraffin oil, paraffin wax, polypropylene glycol, silicone oils, vegetable fats, vegetable fat sulfates, vegetable oils, vegetable oil sulfates, vegetable waxes, vegetable wax sulfates, agents based on silicon or magnesium stearate.

[0180] In another embodiment, the antioxidants include, for example, amino acids (e.g., glycine, histidine, tyrosine, tryptophan) and derivatives thereof, imidazole and imidazole derivatives (e.g., urocanic acid), peptides, such as D,L-carnosine, D-carnosine, L-carnosine and derivatives thereof (e.g., anserine), carotenoids, carotenes (e.g., α-carotene, β-carotene, lycopene) and derivatives thereof, lipoic acid and derivatives thereof (e.g., dihydrolipoic acid), aurothioglucose, propylthiouracil and further thio compounds (e.g., thiouracil, thiocarbamate ... glycerol, thiosorbitol, thioglycolic acid, thioredoxin, glutathione, cysteine, cystine, cystamine and their glycosyl, N-acetyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, amyl, butyl, lauryl, palmitoyl, oleyl, gamma-linoleyl, cholesteryl and glyceryl esters, and their salts, dilauryl thiodipropionate, distearyl thiodipropionate, thiodipropionic acid and its derivatives (esters, ethers, peptides, lipids, nucleotides, nucleosides and salts), and very low tolerated doses (e.g. pmol / kg-pmol / kg) of sulfoximine compounds (e.g., buthionine sulfoximine, homocysteine ​​sulfoximine, buthionine sulfone, penta-, hexa-, and heptathionine sulfoximine), as well as metal chelators (e.g., α-hydroxy fatty acids, EDTA, EGTA, phytic acid, lactoferrin), α-hydroxy acids (e.g., citric acid, lactic acid, malic acid), humic acid, bile acids, bile extracts, gallic acid esters (e.g., propyl, octyl, and dodecyl gallate), flavonoids, catechins, bilirubin, biliverdin, and the like. and their derivatives, unsaturated fatty acids and their derivatives (e.g., gamma-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, oleic acid), folic acid and its derivatives, hydroquinone and its derivatives (e.g., arbutin), ubiquinone and ubiquinol and their derivatives, vitamin C and its derivatives (e.g., ascorbyl palmitate, stearate, dipalmitate, acetate, Mg ascorbyl phosphate, sodium and magnesium ascorbate, disodium ascorbyl phosphate and sulfate, potassium ascorbyl tocopheryl phosphate,Chitosan ascorbic acid), isoascorbic acid and its derivatives, tocopherol and its derivatives (e.g. tocopheryl acetate, linoleate, oleate and succinate, tocophereth-5, tocophereth-10, tocophereth-12, tocophereth-18, tocophereth-50, tocophersolan), vitamin A and derivatives (e.g. vitamin A palmitate), coniferyl benzoate of benzoin resin, rutin, rutinic acid and its derivatives, disodium rutinyl disulfate, cinnamic acid and its derivatives (e.g. ferulic acid, ethyl ferulate, caffeic acid), kojic acid, chitosan glycolic acid and salicylic acid, butylated hydroxytoluene, butylated hydroxyanisole, nordihydroguaiacic acid acid), nordihydroguaiaretic acid, trihydroxybutyrophenone, uric acid and its derivatives, mannose and its derivatives, selenium and its derivatives (e.g., selenomethionine), stilbene and its derivatives (e.g., stilbene oxide, trans-stilbene oxide). According to the present disclosure, suitable derivatives (salts, esters, sugars, nucleotides, nucleosides, peptides, and lipids) and mixtures of these specific active ingredients or plant extracts containing these antioxidants (e.g., tea tree oil, rosemary extract, and rosmarinic acid) can be used. In general, mixtures of the aforementioned antioxidants are possible.

[0181] According to one embodiment, examples of suitable solvents are water, vegetable oils or derivatives. In principle, solvent mixtures may be used as well.

[0182] In another embodiment, suitable preservatives are, for example, benzothiazole, 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, sodium dichloro-s-triazinetrione, sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, 1,2-phenyl-isothiazolin-3-one, interchloroxylenol butyl paraoxybenzoate, and benzoic acid, and combinations thereof.

[0183] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the herbicide composition comprises napropamide / napropamide-M in an amount ranging from about 1% to about 40% w / v of the total weight of the composition.

[0184] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the herbicide composition comprises a second herbicide in an amount ranging from about 1% to about 70% w / v of the total weight of the composition.

[0185] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the herbicide composition comprises one or more agriculturally acceptable excipients in an amount ranging from about 1% to about 30% w / v of the total weight of the composition.

[0186] According to one embodiment, the present disclosure provides a herbicide composition comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide, wherein the herbicide composition is in the form of a liquid formulation.

[0187] In one embodiment, the stable herbicide composition is selected from an encapsulated suspension (CS), a dispersible concentrate (DC), an emulsion, water in oil (EO), an emulsion, oil in water (EW), an oil dispersion (OD), an oil miscible flowable concentrate (oil miscible suspension (OF), an oil miscible liquid (OL), a suspension concentrate (SC), a soluble concentrate (SL) or a suspoemulsion (SE).

[0188] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a liquid formulation comprising an acetamide herbicide and a second herbicide.

[0189] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a water-soluble liquid formulation comprising an acetamide herbicide and a second herbicide.

[0190] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a liquid formulation comprising napropamide, a salt, ester, isomer, or derivative thereof, and a second herbicide.

[0191] In one embodiment, the napropamide comprises napropamide-M.

[0192] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a liquid formulation comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide.

[0193] In one embodiment, the invention provides a liquid formulation comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and ethofumesate.

[0194] In one embodiment, the invention provides a liquid formulation comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and prosulfocarb.

[0195] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a liquid formulation comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and pyroxasulfone.

[0196] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a liquid formulation comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and propisochlor.

[0197] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a liquid formulation comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and bixlozone.

[0198] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a liquid formulation comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and aclonifen.

[0199] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a liquid formulation comprising an acetamide herbicide, a second herbicide, and optionally a third herbicide.

[0200] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a liquid formulation comprising an acetamide herbicide, a second herbicide and a third herbicide.

[0201] In one embodiment, the invention provides a liquid formulation comprising napropamide / napropamide-M, ethofumesate and diflufenican.

[0202] In one embodiment, the invention provides a liquid formulation comprising napropamide / napropamide-M, prosulfocarb and diflufenican.

[0203] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a liquid formulation comprising napropamide / napropamide-M, pyroxasulfone and diflufenican.

[0204] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a liquid formulation comprising napropamide / napropamide-M, propisochlor and diflufenican.

[0205] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a liquid formulation comprising napropamide / napropamide-M, bixlozone and diflufenican.

[0206] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a liquid formulation comprising napropamide / napropamide-M, aclonifen and diflufenican.

[0207] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a liquid formulation comprising an acetamide herbicide, a second herbicide, and optionally a third herbicide, in the form of either a tank mix or a pre-formulated (premix) / ready-mix composition.

[0208] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a liquid formulation comprising an acetamide herbicide, a second herbicide and a third herbicide, either in the form of a tank mix or a pre-formulated (premix) / ready-mix composition.

[0209] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a liquid formulation comprising an acetamide herbicide, a second herbicide, and optionally a third herbicide in the form of a tank-mix composition.

[0210] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a liquid formulation comprising an acetamide herbicide, a second herbicide and a third herbicide in the form of a tank-mix composition.

[0211] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a tank-mix formulation comprising an acetamide herbicide, a second herbicide, and optionally a third herbicide.

[0212] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a tank-mix formulation comprising an acetamide herbicide, a second herbicide and a third herbicide.

[0213] In another aspect, the disclosure provides a process for preparing a herbicide composition of the invention, wherein the herbicide composition comprises an acetamide herbicide, a second herbicide, and optionally a third herbicide.

[0214] In another aspect, the disclosure provides a process for preparing a herbicide composition of the invention, wherein the herbicide composition comprises an acetamide herbicide, a second herbicide, and a third herbicide.

[0215] Typically, in the present disclosure, the herbicide combination or a composition comprising said combination is applied to the locus of cereals at the pre-emergence stage of the weeds. For example, the herbicide combination can be applied to the locus at a known point after cultivation or with reference to the growth of a reference plant different from the weeds, which has defined growth characteristics that can be monitored and correlated with the potential emergence of the weeds.

[0216] In other embodiments of the present disclosure, the combination of herbicides may be applied to the locus when the weeds are partially grown. The herbicides may be applied to the locus after emergence of the weeds.

[0217] A known measure of plant growth is provided by the BBCH (Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt und Chemische Industrie) scale. The BBCH scale is a scale used to identify the phenological development stages of plants. A series of BBCH scales have been developed for a range of species, including cereals and weeds. The BBCH scale uses a decimal code system, which is divided into a primary growth stage and a secondary growth stage.

[0218] Typically, application of the herbicide combination to the locus involves application of the herbicide combination to the soil of the locus. Usually, the herbicide combination is applied to the soil surface. However, when the weeds are partially grown, especially when the weeds are in the post-emergence growth stage, e.g., BBCH weed 09~BBCH weed When the weeds reach the 19 growth stage, the herbicide combination is applied to the field, allowing the herbicide combination to be applied directly to the weeds. weed 09 indicates the budding stage: the stage when the cotyledons break through the soil surface, BBCH weed 19 indicates the stage where 9 or more true leaves, leaf pairs or whorls have developed.Typically, the herbicide combinations are applied by spraying in the form of a composition.

[0219] As mentioned above, the napropamide used in the present disclosure may be racemic napropamide, i.e., a mixture of equal amounts of D-napropamide (also called napropamide-M or (R)-napropamide) and L-napropamide (also called (S)-napropamide). However, of the two isomers of napropamide, only the D-isomer is known to have significant herbicidal activity, and therefore, D-napropamide may be used in preference to racemic napropamide. Thus, in many cases, the napropamide used in the present disclosure contains more D-napropamide than L-napropamide. For example, the molar ratio of D-napropamide to L-napropamide in the napropamide used in the present disclosure may be greater than 1:1. The molar ratio of D-napropamide to L-napropamide used can be, for example, at least 3:2, or, for example, at least 7:3, for example, at least 4:1, or at least 9:1. The napropamide used in the present disclosure can be, for example, D-napropamide. Thus, the herbicide combination often is substantially free or free of L-napropamide ((S)-napropamide). In other words, the present disclosure does not exclude compositions that include L-napropamide, where the active ingredient includes D-napropamide. Typically, however, in the present disclosure, the herbicide combination does not include L-napropamide. Thus, the napropamide used in the present disclosure can consist of D-napropamide.

[0220] In the present disclosure, the herbicide combination may be applied in any suitable amount to achieve control of the weed crop in its growing area. The herbicide combination may be applied in an amount equivalent to, for example, about 10 g / Ha to about 2 kg / Ha of D-napropamide, or, for example, about 10 g / Ha to about 1.5 kg / Ha of D-napropamide. For example, the herbicide combination may be applied in an amount equivalent to about 10 g / Ha to about 1 kg / Ha of D-napropamide. For example, the herbicide combination may be applied from a suspension concentrate containing about 450 g / L of D-napropamide. Thus, a 0.1 L / Ha administration of such a composition is equivalent to an administration of 45 g / Ha of D-napropamide. Similarly, administering 0.4 L / Ha of such a composition is equivalent to administering 180 g / Ha of D-napropamide, administering 0.7 L / Ha of such a composition is equivalent to administering 315 g / Ha of D-napropamide, administering 1 L / Ha of such a composition is equivalent to administering 450 g / Ha of D-napropamide, administering 1.4 L / Ha of such a composition is equivalent to administering 630 g / Ha of D-napropamide, administering 1.7 L / Ha of such a composition is equivalent to administering 765 g / Ha of D-napropamide, etc.

[0221] More often, in the present disclosure, the herbicide combination is applied in an amount equivalent to about 400 g / Ha to about 700 g / Ha of D-napropamide. The inventors have found that such dosage levels are particularly advantageous because activity against weeds is not diminished, but long-term effects on crops (e.g., measured about 25 to about 54 days after anthesis, DAA) may be improved at such dosage levels. For example, a dosage regime corresponding to about 1 to about 1.5 L / Ha of a suspension concentrate containing about 450 g / L of D-napropamide has been found to be particularly advantageous.

[0222] It should be emphasized that each amount of napropamide in grams or kilograms cited in the previous two paragraphs is the amount of the D-isomer, i.e., D-napropamide, and not the total amount of napropamide, which includes both D-napropamide and L-napropamide. As noted above, the herbicide combination may or may not include L-napropamide in addition to D-napropamide (e.g., it may include racemic napropamide). When the herbicide combination does not include L-napropamide, i.e., when the only napropamide used in the herbicide composition is D-napropamide, each value given in the above two paragraphs for the amount of D-napropamide is the same as the total amount of napropamide in the herbicide combination. On the other hand, if the napropamide used in the herbicide is racemic napropamide and thus contains a 1:1 molar ratio of D-napropamide and L-napropamide, then each of the values ​​given in the above two paragraphs for the amount of D-napropamide is one-half of the total amount of napropamide in the applied herbicide combination, which includes both D- and L-napropamide.

[0223] For example, in some embodiments, the napropamide used in the present disclosure is racemic napropamide, and the total amount of napropamide, including both D- and L-isomers, is twice the amount specified above for D-napropamide. Thus, in some embodiments, the napropamide used in the herbicide combination is racemic napropamide, and the herbicide may be applied to achieve control of weed crops in the field in an amount equivalent to about 20 g / Ha to about 4 kg / Ha of racemic napropamide, or, for example, about 20 g / Ha to about 3 kg / Ha of racemic napropamide. For example, a herbicide combination including napropamide may be applied in an amount equivalent to about 20 g / Ha to about 2 kg / Ha of racemic napropamide. For example, the herbicide may be applied from a suspension concentrate including about 450 g / L of racemic napropamide. Thus, a 0.2 L / Ha administration of such a composition corresponds to an administration of 90 g / Ha of racemic propamide, similarly, a 0.8 L / Ha administration of such a composition corresponds to an administration of 360 g / Ha of racemic propamide, a 1.4 L / Ha administration of such a composition corresponds to an administration of 630 g / Ha of racemic propamide, a 2 L / Ha administration of such a composition corresponds to an administration of 900 g / Ha of racemic propamide, a 2.8 L / Ha administration of such a composition corresponds to an administration of 1260 g / Ha of racemic propamide, a 3.4 L / Ha administration of such a composition corresponds to an administration of 1530 g / Ha of racemic propamide, etc.

[0224] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the napropamide is racemic napropamide, and the herbicide combination containing napropamide is applied in an amount equivalent to about 800 g / Ha to about 1400 g / Ha of racemic napropamide. Such dosage levels are particularly advantageous because activity against weeds is not reduced, but long-term effects on crops (e.g., measured about 25 to about 54 days after anthesis, DAA) may be improved at such dosage levels. For example, a dosage regimen corresponding to about 2 to about 3 L / Ha of a soluble concentrate containing about 450 g / L of racemic napropamide is particularly advantageous.

[0225] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides for the use of the herbicide combination of the present invention for controlling weeds in cereals, wherein the herbicide combination comprises an acetamide herbicide and a second herbicide.

[0226] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides for the use of the herbicide combination of the present invention for controlling weeds in cereals, wherein the herbicide combination comprises napropamide, a salt, ester, isomer or derivative thereof and a second herbicide.

[0227] In one embodiment, the napropamide comprises napropamide-M.

[0228] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides for the use of the herbicide combination of the present invention for controlling weeds in cereals, wherein the herbicide combination comprises napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide.

[0229] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides for the use of the herbicide combination of the present invention for controlling weeds in cereals, wherein the herbicide combination comprises napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide.

[0230] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides the use of the herbicide combination of the present invention for controlling weeds in cereals, wherein the herbicide combination comprises napropamide / napropamide-M and ethofumesate.

[0231] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides the use of the herbicide combination of the present invention for controlling weeds in cereals, wherein the herbicide combination comprises napropamide / napropamide-M and prosulfocarb.

[0232] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides the use of the herbicide combination of the present invention for controlling weeds in cereals, wherein the herbicide combination comprises napropamide / napropamide-M and pyroxasulfone.

[0233] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides the use of the herbicide combination of the present invention for controlling weeds in cereals, wherein the herbicide combination comprises napropamide / napropamide-M and propisochlor.

[0234] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides the use of the herbicide combination of the present invention for controlling weeds in cereals, wherein the herbicide combination comprises napropamide / napropamide-M and bixlozone.

[0235] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides the use of the herbicide combination of the present invention for controlling weeds in cereals, wherein the herbicide combination comprises napropamide / napropamide-M and aclonifen.

[0236] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides for the use of the herbicide combination of the present invention for controlling weeds in cereals, wherein the herbicide combination comprises napropamide / napropamide-M, a second herbicide and optionally a third herbicide.

[0237] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides for the use of the herbicide combination of the present invention for controlling weeds in cereals, wherein the herbicide combination comprises napropamide / napropamide-M, a second herbicide and a third herbicide.

[0238] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides for the use of the herbicide combination of the present invention for controlling weeds in cereals, wherein the herbicide combination comprises napropamide / napropamide-M, a second herbicide and diflufenican.

[0239] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides for the use of a herbicide composition of the present invention for controlling weeds, wherein the herbicide composition comprises an acetamide herbicide and a second herbicide.

[0240] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides a use of the herbicide composition of the present invention for controlling weeds, wherein the herbicide composition comprises an acetamide herbicide, a second herbicide and optionally a third herbicide.

[0241] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides a use of the herbicide composition of the present invention for controlling weeds, wherein the herbicide composition comprises an acetamide herbicide, a second herbicide, and a third herbicide.

[0242] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides the use of the herbicide combination of the present invention for controlling weeds, wherein the herbicide combination comprises napropamide, a salt, ester, isomer or derivative thereof and a second herbicide.

[0243] In one embodiment, the napropamide comprises napropamide-M.

[0244] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides for the use of a herbicide composition of the present invention for controlling weeds, wherein the herbicide composition comprises napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide.

[0245] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides for the use of the herbicide combination of the present invention for controlling weeds, wherein the herbicide combination comprises napropamide, a salt, ester, isomer or derivative thereof, a second herbicide and optionally a third herbicide.

[0246] In one embodiment, the napropamide comprises napropamide-M.

[0247] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides for the use of a herbicide composition of the present invention for controlling weeds, wherein the herbicide composition comprises napropamide / napropamide-M, a second herbicide and optionally a third herbicide.

[0248] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides for the use of a herbicide composition of the present invention for controlling weeds, wherein the herbicide composition comprises napropamide / napropamide-M, a second herbicide and a third herbicide.

[0249] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides for the use of a herbicide composition of the present invention for controlling weeds, wherein the herbicide composition comprises napropamide / napropamide-M, ethofumesate and diflufenican.

[0250] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides for the use of a herbicide composition of the present invention for controlling weeds, wherein the herbicide composition comprises napropamide / napropamide-M, prosulfocarb and diflufenican.

[0251] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides for the use of a herbicide composition of the present invention for controlling weeds, wherein the herbicide composition comprises napropamide / napropamide-M, pyroxasulfone and diflufenican.

[0252] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides for the use of a herbicide composition of the present invention for controlling weeds, wherein the herbicide composition comprises napropamide / napropamide-M, propisochlor and diflufenican.

[0253] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides for the use of a herbicide composition of the present invention for controlling weeds, wherein the herbicide composition comprises napropamide / napropamide-M, bixlozone and diflufenican.

[0254] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides for the use of a herbicide composition of the present invention for controlling weeds, wherein the herbicide composition comprises napropamide / napropamide-M, aclonifen and diflufenican.

[0255] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides a method for selectively controlling weeds growing in a locus of cereals, the method comprising applying a combination comprising napropamide / napropamide-M to the locus, the cereals being present in the locus or planted in the locus after applying the combination comprising napropamide / napropamide-M to the locus. The method may comprise applying the herbicide combination to the locus followed by planting the cereals, or may comprise planting the cereals followed by applying the herbicide combination.

[0256] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides a method for controlling weeds, the method comprising applying, simultaneously or sequentially, to a plant or its locus, a combination of herbicides comprising napropamide, a salt, ester, isomer or derivative thereof, and a second herbicide.

[0257] In one embodiment, the napropamide comprises napropamide-M.

[0258] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides a method for controlling weeds comprising applying to a plant or its locus simultaneously or sequentially a combination of a herbicide comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide.

[0259] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides a method of using a herbicide composition of the invention to control weeds in cereals, wherein the herbicide composition comprises napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide.

[0260] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides a method of using a herbicide composition of the invention to control weeds in cereals, such as Lolium multiflorum Lam. (Italian ryegrass, LOLMU), wherein the herbicide composition comprises napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide.

[0261] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides a method of controlling weeds, the method comprising applying a herbicide composition comprising a combination of napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide in the range of about 10 to about 5000 g / Ha.

[0262] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides a method for controlling weeds, the method comprising applying a herbicide composition comprising a combination of napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide in the range of about 50 to about 4000 g / Ha.

[0263] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides a method for controlling weeds, the method comprising applying a herbicide composition comprising a combination of napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide in the range of about 100 to about 3000 g / Ha.

[0264] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides a method of using a herbicide composition of the invention to control weeds, wherein the herbicide composition comprises napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide, and the napropamide / napropamide-M is applied at a rate of about 315 g / Ha.

[0265] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides a method of using a herbicide composition of the invention to control weeds, wherein the herbicide composition comprises napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide, and the napropamide / napropamide-M is applied at a rate of about 750 g / Ha.

[0266] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides a method of using a herbicide composition of the invention to control weeds, wherein the herbicide composition comprises napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide, and the napropamide / napropamide-M is applied at a rate of about 1000 g / Ha.

[0267] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides a method of using a herbicide composition of the present invention to control weeds, wherein the herbicide composition comprises napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide, and the napropamide / napropamide-M is applied at a rate of about 1500 g / Ha.

[0268] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides a method of using a herbicide composition of the invention to control weeds, wherein the herbicide composition comprises an acetamide herbicide and a second herbicide, and the second herbicide is applied at a rate of about 1600 g / Ha.

[0269] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides a method of using a herbicide composition of the invention to control weeds, wherein the herbicide composition comprises an acetamide herbicide and a second herbicide, and the second herbicide is applied at a rate of about 2400 g / Ha.

[0270] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides a method of using a herbicide composition of the invention to control weeds, wherein the herbicide composition comprises an acetamide herbicide and a second herbicide, and the second herbicide is applied at a rate of about 1000 g / Ha.

[0271] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides a method of using a herbicide composition of the invention to control weeds, wherein the herbicide composition comprises napropamide / napropamide-M and prosulfocarb, and the prosulfocarb is applied at a rate of about 1600 g / Ha.

[0272] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides a method of using a herbicide composition of the invention to control weeds, wherein the herbicide composition comprises napropamide / napropamide-M and prosulfocarb, and the prosulfocarb is applied at a rate of about 2400 g / Ha.

[0273] In another embodiment, the disclosure provides a method of using a herbicide composition of the present invention to control weeds, wherein the herbicide composition comprises napropamide / napropamide-M and propisochlor, and the propisochlor is applied at a rate of about 1000 g / Ha.

[0274] The present invention also provides a habitat for growing cereals, where both weeds and cereals are present in the habitat, and the habitat has a combination of herbicides for selective control of the weeds growing therein, the combination of herbicides comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide. In addition to the weeds, cereals and herbicide composition itself, the habitat typically comprises soil suitable for growing cereals, and may be as further defined herein. For example, the habitat may be a container such as a flower pot or a grow bag, a garden bed or a field.

[0275] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the various components of the herbicidal composition may be used separately or may be premixed partially or completely with at least one other component to prepare a composition according to the present disclosure, which may also be packaged and further used as a kit-of-parts composition.

[0276] The disclosure also provides a kit comprising a propamid / napropamide-M combination and instructions for selectively controlling weeds in a locus for growing cereals. The instructions typically include instructions for applying the propamid / napropamide-M combination to the locus. The cereals are present in the locus or are planted in the locus after the propamid / napropamide-M combination has been applied to the locus.

[0277] Typically, the kit includes: i) An acetamide herbicide which is napropamide, its salts, isomers, esters or derivatives thereof; ii) a second herbicide, and iii) optionally a third herbicide. Also includes, as appropriate: iv) Instructions for use.

[0278] Typically, the kit includes: i) Napropamide / Napropamide-M; ii) a second herbicide, and iii) optionally a third herbicide. Also includes, as appropriate: iv) Instructions for use.

[0279] Typically, the instructions include instructions instructing a user to mix the components of the kit. Typically, the instructions include instructions instructing a user to mix the components of the kit before applying them to a locus.

[0280] In many cases, the components of the kit are packaged separately. However, the present disclosure is not limited to kits in which the components are packaged separately. For example, an acetamide herbicide and a second herbicide may be packaged together or formulated together.

[0281] In embodiments of the kits of the present disclosure in which the acetamide herbicide and the second herbicide are packaged separately, they may be tank-mixed prior to administration to the locus, typically by spraying.

[0282] Typically, in the kits of the present disclosure, the napropamide is D-napropamide.

[0283] Typically, the instructions instruct the user to administer an acetamide herbicide (i.e., napropamide / napropamide-M, or a composition comprising napropamide) to a locus for growing cereals, where the cereals are present in the locus or are planted in the locus after this administration. In many cases, the instructions instruct the user to administer an acetamide herbicide (i.e., napropamide / napropamide-M, or a composition comprising napropamide) to a locus for growing cereals, where both weeds and cereals are present in the locus. In other words, the instructions typically instruct the user to administer an acetamide herbicide (i.e., napropamide / napropamide-M, or a composition comprising napropamide) to a locus in which cereals and monocotyledonous weeds are growing.

[0284] Typically, the instructions instruct the user to apply an acetamide herbicide (i.e., napropamide / napropamide-M, or a composition comprising napropamide) to cereal crops that are planted at least 1 cm (e.g., at least 2 cm) deep in the growing field.

[0285] Typically, the instructions will instruct the user to administer an acetamide herbicide (i.e., napropamide / napropamide-M, or a composition comprising napropamide) in the locus where the weeds are present. In many cases, the instructions will instruct the user to apply an acetamide herbicide (i.e., napropamide / napropamide-M, or a composition comprising napropamide) to the locus where the cereals and weeds are growing, and the weeds are resistant to control by conventional selective herbicides other than napropamide / napropamide-M.

[0286] Typically, the instructions instruct the user to apply an acetamide herbicide (i.e., napropamide / napropamide-M, or a composition containing napropamide) in conjunction with a second herbicide in growing areas where cereals and monocotyledonous weeds are growing.

[0287] In another embodiment, a herbicide combination of napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide is effective in controlling the growth of target weeds and can be administered to improve the effectiveness of weed control.

[0288] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the kit may include one or more (including all) components that can be used to prepare a herbicide composition, for example, the kit may include an active ingredient and / or a dispersant. One or more of the components may already be combined together or may be preformulated. In embodiments in which more than two components are provided in the kit, the components may already be combined together and thus packaged in a single container, such as a vial, bottle, can, pouch, bag, or canister.

[0289] The following examples are illustrative of the present disclosure. However, they do not limit the present disclosure in any way. There are many measures of the effectiveness and selectivity of herbicidal compositions, especially when applied to the growing area for growing cereals, so the negative results of a particular method are not conclusive. It will be understood that the present specification and examples are illustrative and do not limit the present disclosure, and other embodiments within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure will be suggested to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments within the scope of the present disclosure can be implemented as well. EXAMPLES

[0290] Example 1 An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of herbicide combinations containing napropamide / napropamide-M to control weeds resistant to conventional herbicide control (LOLMU). After application of herbicide combinations containing napropamide / napropamide-M and prosulfocarb, the percentage of effectiveness of the herbicide combination was determined over time (measured as days after anthesis [DAA]). The herbicide combinations were applied by spraying on LOLMU (S-strain) at the pre-emergence stage. The results of this experiment are disclosed in Table 1.

[0291] [Table 1]

[0292] It has been observed that the combination of napropamide / napropamide-M and prosulfocarb is effective in controlling the growth of target weeds and can be administered to increase the effectiveness of weed control.

[0293] Example 2 An experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of herbicide combinations containing napropamide / napropamide-M to control the weed Lolium multiflorum Lam. (Italian ryegrass, LOLMU) in wheat cereals. The weed is resistant to control with conventional herbicides. After application of herbicide combinations containing napropamide / napropamide-M and propisochlor, the percentage of efficacy of the herbicide combination was determined over time (measured as days after anthesis [DAA]). The herbicide combinations were applied by spraying on LOLMU at the pre-emergence stage. The results of this experiment are disclosed in Table 2.

[0294] [Table 2]

[0295] Additionally, the effect of the herbicide combinations was also evaluated on weed weight in wheat crops, and the results are disclosed in Table 3.

[0296] [Table 3]

[0297] It has been observed that the combination of napropamide / napropamide-M and propisochlor is effective in controlling the growth of target weeds and can be administered to increase the effectiveness of weed control.

Claims

1. 1. A herbicide combination for controlling weeds, comprising: (a) napropamide, its salts, esters, isomers or derivatives thereof; (b) a second herbicide; and 13. A herbicide combination comprising:

2. 2. The combination of claim 1, wherein the napropamide comprises napropamide-M.

3. 2. The combination of claim 1, wherein the second herbicide is selected from the group consisting of ethofumesate, prosulfocarb, pyroxasulfone, propisochlor, bixlozone and aclonifen.

4. 2. The combination of claim 1, wherein the combination comprises napropamide / napropamide-M and ethofumesate.

5. 2. The combination of claim 1, wherein the combination comprises napropamide / napropamide-M and prosulfocarb.

6. 2. The combination of claim 1 comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and pyroxasulfone.

7. 2. The combination of claim 1 comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and propisochlor.

8. 2. The combination of claim 1 comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and bixlozone.

9. 2. The combination of claim 1 comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and aclonifen.

10. 10. The combination of claim 1 further comprising a third herbicide.

11. 11. The combination of claim 10, wherein the third herbicide is diflufenican.

12. Use of a herbicide combination comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide to control weeds.

13. 13. The use according to claim 12, wherein the herbicide combination comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide controls weeds in cereals.

14. 1. A herbicidal composition for controlling weeds, comprising: (a) napropamide, its salts, esters, isomers or derivatives thereof; (b) a second herbicide; and (c) at least one agronomically acceptable excipient; and 1. A herbicide composition comprising:

15. The composition of claim 14, wherein the napropamide comprises napropamide-M.

16. 15. The composition of claim 14, wherein the second herbicide is selected from the group including ethofumesate, prosulfocarb, pyroxasulfone, propisochlor, bixlozone and aclonifen.

17. 15. The composition of claim 14, wherein the composition further comprises a third herbicide.

18. 20. The composition of claim 17, wherein the third herbicide is diflufenican.

19. 15. The composition of claim 14, wherein the at least one agronomically acceptable excipient is selected from the group consisting of surfactants, antifreeze agents, humectants, antifoam agents, thickeners, preservatives, colorants, fillers, and combinations thereof.

20. 15. The composition of claim 14, wherein the at least one agronomically acceptable excipient is present in an amount ranging from about 1% to about 30% w / v of the total weight of the composition.

21. A method for controlling weeds, comprising: applying a herbicide combination comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide simultaneously or sequentially to the plant or its habitat; A method for controlling weeds, comprising:

22. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein the second herbicide is selected from the group including ethofumesate, prosulfocarb, pyroxasulfone, propisochlor, bixlozone, and aclonifen.

23. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein the combination further comprises a third herbicide.

24. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein the third herbicide is diflufenican.

25. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein said method comprises applying a combination of herbicides comprising napropamide / napropamide-M and a second herbicide in the range of about 100 to about 3000 g / Ha.

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