Fire-resistant woody member and manufacturing method of fire-resistant woody member

Abstract

To provide a fire-resistant wooden member of which the thickness of a fire-retardant layer covering the wooden member can be reduced.SOLUTION: A fire-resistant wood member 100 includes a long wood member 10, a fire-retardant layer 20 that covers sides 11-14 of the wood member 10, an air space 30 that is formed outside the fire-retardant layer 20, metal plates 40 disposed to form the air space 30 with the fire-retardant layer 20, and a to-be-burnt wood part 50 that covers the outer surfaces of the metal plates 40.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a fire-resistant wooden component and a method for manufacturing a fire-resistant wooden component. [Background technology]

[0002] For example, as a fire-resistant wood component used as a pillar or beam, a wooden building component is known which comprises a long, rectangular-section structural section which bears the load, a covering section which covers all four sides of the structural section, and gypsum board arranged in layers between the structural section and the covering section (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

[0003] Also, a known fire-resistant wood component is one that includes a wood load-supporting part disposed in the center, a fire-resistant material layer disposed around the wood load-supporting part, an air layer formed on the outside of the fire-resistant material layer, and a fuel wood layer disposed on the outside of the air layer (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

[0004] Also, as a fire-resistant wood component, a wood structural component is known which comprises a wooden load-bearing part, a first fire-resistant board fixed to the outside of the load-bearing part, and metal fittings fixed across the ends of adjacent first fire-resistant boards (see, for example, Patent Document 3). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 4359275 [Patent Document 2] JP 2018-145654 A [Patent Document 3] JP 2022-114965 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] In the conventional technology described in Patent Document 1, the thickness of the gypsum board is large, which increases the burden on the structural part that supports the gypsum board.

[0007] In the conventional technology described in Patent Document 2, an air layer is formed outside the fireproof layer, but if the fuel wood layer outside the air layer is burned down during a fire, the fireproof layer will be exposed to the flames. Therefore, the heat insulation provided by the air layer formed outside the fireproof layer is insufficient.

[0008] In the conventional technology described in Patent Document 3, metal fittings are fixed across the ends of adjacent first fire-resistant plates, but the plate thickness of the first fire-resistant plates cannot be reduced.

[0009] An object of the present invention is to provide a fire-resistant wood component that enables the thickness of a fire-retardant layer covering the wood component to be reduced. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] One aspect of the fire-resistant wood member according to the present invention is as follows: Long wooden members, A fire-retardant layer covering a side surface of the wooden member; An air layer formed outside the fire-retardant layer; A metal plate arranged to form the air layer between the metal plate and the fire-retardant layer; and a fire substitute wood covering the outer surface of the metal plate.

[0011] According to this aspect, the sides of the long wooden members are covered with the fire-retardant layer, so that the wooden members can be prevented from being burned in the event of a fire. In this aspect, an air layer is formed between the fire-retardant layer and the metal plate, so that heat transfer from the metal plate to the fire-retardant layer is suppressed. This suppresses the temperature rise of the fire-retardant layer. According to this aspect, the metal plate is arranged outside the air layer, so that the metal plate exists even if the fire substitute wood is lost. This allows the heat insulation by the air layer to be maintained, and heat transfer to the fire-retardant layer to be suppressed. Also, according to this aspect, the metal plate is arranged inside the fire substitute wood, so that the heat transferred from the fire substitute wood to the metal plate is diffused by thermal conduction. This suppresses the fire substitute wood from being burned locally. Therefore, the burning speed of the fire substitute wood in the board thickness direction can be delayed. As a result, the fire resistance of the fire-resistant wooden members can be improved by suppressing the burning of the fire substitute wood. According to this aspect, the fire resistance can be improved and the thickness of the fire-retardant layer can be made thinner. According to this aspect, the load on the wooden members can be reduced.

[0012] In another aspect of the present invention, The metal plate is characterized in that it is a steel plate or an aluminum plate.

[0013] According to the fire-resistant wood member of this embodiment, an air layer can be formed between the metal plate, which is a steel plate or an aluminum plate, and the fire-stopping layer. According to this embodiment, the emissivity of the surface of the steel plate or the aluminum plate is low, and radiation from the steel plate or the aluminum plate to the air layer can be suppressed.

[0014] In another aspect of the present invention, The metal plate is a ribbed steel plate.

[0015] According to the fire-resistant wood member of this embodiment, an air layer can be formed between the metal plate, which is a ribbed steel plate, and the fire-retardant layer. By butting the ribs of the ribbed steel plate against the fire-retardant layer, an air layer can be formed between the part of the steel plate where the ribs are not formed and the fire-retardant layer. There is no need to place a spacer between the fire-retardant layer and the ribbed steel plate. This improves workability.

[0016] In another aspect of the present invention, A spacer made of a non-combustible material is provided between the fire-retardant layer and the metal plate.

[0017] The fire-resistant wood member of this embodiment includes a spacer made of a non-combustible material, which prevents the spacer from burning down. Also, by providing a spacer between the fire-retardant layer and the metal plate, the metal plate can be positioned with high accuracy relative to the fire-retardant layer, and the air space can be stably secured.

[0018] In another aspect of the present invention, In the far infrared region, the emissivity of the surface of the metal plate is 0.3 or less.

[0019] According to the fire-resistant wood member of this embodiment, radiation from the surface of the metal plate to the air space can be suppressed, and the temperature rise of the fire-retardant layer can be suppressed.

[0020] In another aspect of the present invention, The air space is formed so as to be continuous over the entire circumference of the wooden member in a cross section intersecting with the longitudinal direction of the wooden member.

[0021] According to the fire-resistant wooden component of this embodiment, an air layer is formed so as to be continuous around the entire periphery of the wooden component, so that heat transfer to the wooden component can be suppressed in all directions.

[0022] In addition, the method for producing a fire-resistant wooden member according to the present invention includes the steps of: A method for manufacturing a fire-resistant wood component, comprising: A step of stacking a metal plate and a burner wood in a plate thickness direction and inserting a rod-shaped fastener from the metal plate side to integrate the metal plate and the burner wood; A step of fixing a fire-retardant layer to the long wooden member so as to cover a side surface of the wooden member; and a step of arranging the integrated metal plate and the fuel substitute wood so as to form an air layer between the fire-retardant layer and the metal plate in the plate thickness direction, and fixing the metal plate and the fuel substitute wood to the wooden member.

[0023] According to this aspect, the above-mentioned fire-resistant wood component can be manufactured. According to this aspect, by integrating the metal plate and the fuel substitute wood in advance, it is not necessary to transport the metal plate and the fuel substitute wood separately. According to this aspect, since the integrated metal plate and the fuel substitute wood can be fixed to the wood component, it is not necessary to fix the metal plate and the fuel substitute wood separately. Therefore, it is possible to improve the work efficiency at the site. Effect of the Invention

[0024] As can be seen from the above description, the present invention can provide a fire-resistant wood component that allows the thickness of the fire-retardant layer that covers the wood component to be reduced. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0025] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a fire-resistant wood component according to the first embodiment, the cross-sectional view showing a cross section intersecting the longitudinal direction of the fire-resistant wood component. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a fire-resistant wooden component according to the first embodiment, taken along the longitudinal direction of the fire-resistant wooden component. [Diagram 3] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a fire-resistant wooden component and a slab according to a second embodiment, the cross-sectional view showing a cross section intersecting the longitudinal direction of the fire-resistant wooden component. [Figure 4] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a fire-resistant wooden component and a slab according to a second embodiment, taken along the longitudinal direction of the fire-resistant wooden component. [Diagram 5] FIG. 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a fire-resistant wood member according to a third embodiment. [Figure 6] 1 is a graph showing the relationship between wavelength and emissivity of a steel plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0026] Hereinafter, a fire-resistant wood member according to an embodiment will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this specification and the drawings, substantially identical components are designated by the same reference numerals, and redundant description may be omitted.

[0027] [Fire-resistant wood member according to the first embodiment] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a fire-resistant wooden member 100 according to the first embodiment, showing a cross section intersecting the longitudinal direction of the fire-resistant wooden member 100. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a fire-resistant wooden member 100 according to the first embodiment, showing a cross section along the longitudinal direction of the fire-resistant wooden member 100. In each figure, arrows are shown indicating the mutually orthogonal X-axis direction, Y-axis direction, and Z-axis direction. The X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction are along the horizontal direction. The Z-axis direction is along the vertical direction. The longitudinal direction of the fire-resistant wooden member 100 is along the Z-axis direction. FIG. 1 shows a cross section along the XY plane. FIG. 2 shows a cross section along the XZ plane.

[0028] The fire-resistant wooden member 100 is, for example, a pillar of a building. The fire-resistant wooden member 100 includes a wooden member 10, a fire-stopping layer 20, an air layer 30, a metal plate 40, and fire substitute wood 50. In a building, the fire-resistant wooden member 100, which is a pillar, can join multiple beams.

[0029] [Wood materials] The wooden member 10 is a long wooden member having a predetermined length. The wooden member 10 can support a predetermined load. The wooden member 10 extends in the Z-axis direction. A cross section of the wooden member 10 intersecting the longitudinal direction is rectangular. The wooden member 10 has the strength required for a pillar. The wooden member 10 has side surfaces 11 to 14. The side surfaces 11 to 14 are aligned along the longitudinal direction of the wooden member 10. The side surfaces 11 and 13 face each other in the X-axis direction. The side surfaces 12 and 14 face each other in the Y-axis direction.

[0030] The wooden member 10 is formed by stacking multiple layers, and the planks in these layers are arranged so that the fiber directions of the planks in adjacent layers are perpendicular to each other. The multiple layers are bonded to each other. The wooden member 10 may be CLT (Cross Laminated Timber) or other wooden members such as LVL (Laminated Veneer Lumber). The wooden member 10 may be laminated wood, for example, sawn lumber or solid wood.

[0031] [Fire-stop layer] The fire-retardant layer 20 is disposed so as to cover the side surfaces 11-14 of the wooden member 10. The fire-retardant layer 20 is, for example, a gypsum board or a calcium silicate board. The fire-retardant layer 20 is in the form of a plate and has a predetermined heat capacity. The fire-retardant layer 20 covers the side surfaces 11-14 of the wooden member 10 and prevents the wooden member 10 from burning. The fire-retardant layer 20 may be, for example, a material containing water of crystallization. The fire-retardant layer 20 may be, for example, a cement-based plate material.

[0032] The fire-retardant layer 20 includes fire-retardant layers 21 to 24. The fire-retardant layer 21 covers the side surface 11 of the wooden member 10. The fire-retardant layer 22 covers the side surface 12 of the wooden member 10. The fire-retardant layer 23 covers the side surface 13 of the wooden member 10. The fire-retardant layer 24 covers the side surface 14 of the wooden member 10. The thickness direction of the fire-retardant layers 21 and 23 is along the X-axis direction. The thickness direction of the fire-retardant layers 22 and 24 is along the Y-axis direction.

[0033] The fire-retardant layer 20 is fixed to the side surfaces 11-14 of the wooden member 10. The fire-retardant layer 20 is fixed to the wooden member 10 using, for example, screws. For example, the entire sides 11-14 of the wooden member 10 are covered by the fire-retardant layer 20. The plate thickness of the fire-retardant layer 20 may be, for example, 21 mm. The plate thickness of the fire-retardant layer 20 is not limited to this and may be another thickness.

[0034] [Air layer] The air layer 30 is formed on the outside of the fire-retardant layer 20. The outside of the fire-retardant layer 20 is the opposite side of the wood member 10 with respect to the fire-retardant layer 20 when viewed in the Z-axis direction. The air layer 30 is formed so as to be continuous over the entire circumference of the wood member 10. The air layer 30 is formed so as to be continuous over the entire circumference of the fire-retardant layer 20 when viewed in the Z-axis direction. The air layer 30 is not divided in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction. The air layer 30 may be divided in the X-axis direction. Similarly, the air layer 30 may be unbroken in the Y-axis direction. For example, when a spacer is arranged in the air layer 30, the air layer 30 is divided into multiple parts.

[0035] The air layer 30 is formed between the fire-retardant layer 20 and the metal plate 40 in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction. The metal plate 40 has no openings leading to the air layer 30, and the inflow of air into the air layer 30 is restricted. Note that the metal plate 40 may have through holes in areas where screws or the like pass through.

[0036] [Spacer] 2, the fire-resistant wood member 100 includes a spacer 60. The spacer 60 is disposed between the fire-retardant layer 20 and the metal plate 40 in the X-axis direction. Similarly, the spacer 60 is disposed between the fire-retardant layer 20 and the metal plate 40 in the Y-axis direction.

[0037] The spacer 60 is formed of, for example, a non-combustible material. Examples of the non-combustible material include iron and aluminum. The spacer 60 may be, for example, a square pipe or a C-shaped channel. The spacer 60 may be other shaped steel materials. The spacer 60 is sandwiched between the fire-retardant layer 20 and the metal plate 40 to secure a space to be used as the air layer 30.

[0038] In the X-axis direction, the spacer 60 arranged between the fire-retardant layer 20 and the metal plate 40 extends in the Y-axis direction. In the Y-axis direction, the spacer 60 arranged between the fire-retardant layer 20 and the metal plate 40 extends in the X-axis direction. When viewed in the Z-axis direction, the spacer 60 is arranged to form a rectangular frame. Note that the spacer 60 does not have to be continuous in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction. A plurality of spacers 60 may be arranged at predetermined intervals in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.

[0039] The spacers 60 are spaced apart in the Z-axis direction. The air layer 30 is divided in the Z-axis direction by the spacers 60. The spacers 60 are fixed to the wood members 10 and the fire-retardant layer 20 by using, for example, screws. The spacers 60 may extend in the Z-axis direction, for example.

[0040] [Metal plate] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the metal plate 40 is arranged so as to form an air layer 30 between it and the fire-retardant layer 20. The metal plate 40 is arranged away from the fire-retardant layer 20 in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction. The metal plate 40 is arranged so as to cover the entire surface of the fire-retardant layer 20. The metal plate 40 may be, for example, a steel plate or an aluminum plate. The aluminum plate may be a plate material containing aluminum. The metal plate 40 is, for example, a non-combustible material. The metal plate 40 has a predetermined thermal conductivity.

[0041] The metal plate 40 includes metal plates 41 to 44. The plate thickness direction of the metal plates 41 and 43 is along the X-axis direction. The plate thickness direction of the metal plates 42 and 44 is along the Y-axis direction. The metal plate 41 faces the fire-retardant layer 21 in the X-axis direction and is arranged to cover the fire-retardant layer 21. The metal plate 42 faces the fire-retardant layer 22 in the Y-axis direction and is arranged to cover the fire-retardant layer 22. The metal plate 43 faces the fire-retardant layer 23 in the X-axis direction and is arranged to cover the fire-retardant layer 23. The metal plate 44 faces the fire-retardant layer 24 in the Y-axis direction and is arranged to cover the fire-retardant layer 24. Ends of adjacent metal plates 41 to 44 may be welded, for example.

[0042] The metal plate 41 and the fire-retardant layer 21 are disposed apart in the X-axis direction, and an air layer 30 is formed between the metal plate 41 and the fire-retardant layer 21. The metal plate 42 and the fire-retardant layer 22 are disposed apart in the Y-axis direction, and an air layer 30 is formed between the metal plate 42 and the fire-retardant layer 22. The metal plate 43 and the fire-retardant layer 23 are disposed apart in the X-axis direction, and an air layer 30 is formed between the metal plate 43 and the fire-retardant layer 23. The metal plate 44 and the fire-retardant layer 24 are disposed apart in the Y-axis direction, and an air layer 30 is formed between the metal plate 44 and the fire-retardant layer 24.

[0043] The surface of the metal plate 40 may be plated, for example. The emissivity of the surface of the metal plate 40 may be, for example, 0.3 or less in the far-infrared region. The emissivity of the surface of the metal plate 40 that contacts the air layer 30 (the back surface, the inner surface) may be 0.3 or less in the far-infrared region. Of the surfaces of the metal plate 40 facing in the plate thickness direction, the surface closer to the wooden member 10 is defined as the inner surface, and the surface opposite the wooden member 10 is defined as the outer surface.

[0044] Fig. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between wavelength and emissivity of a steel plate. In Fig. 6, the horizontal axis shows the wavelength of the incident wave, and the vertical axis shows the emissivity of the steel plate. As shown in Fig. 6, the emissivity of a steel plate is 0.3 or less in the far-infrared region. The far-infrared region is from 3 μm to 20 μm. The far-infrared region includes the range of wavelengths of light emitted from a flame.

[0045] [Wood for burning] The burner wood 50 is arranged so as to cover the outer surface of the metal plate 40. The burner wood 50 is in the form of a plate. The burner wood 50 may be CLT or LVL. The burner wood 50 may be laminated lumber, for example, sawn lumber or solid wood. The board thickness of the burner wood 50 may be, for example, 25 mm or more and 45 mm or less. The board thickness of the burner wood 50 is not limited to this and may be another thickness.

[0046] The burner wood 50 includes burner wood pieces 51 to 54. The burner wood pieces 51 and 53 have a thickness direction along the X-axis direction. The burner wood pieces 52 and 54 have a thickness direction along the Y-axis direction. The burner wood piece 51 covers the outer surface of the metal plate 41. The burner wood piece 51 and the metal plate 41 are stacked in the thickness direction. The burner wood piece 51 and the metal plate 41 are joined together in the thickness direction and integrated. The burner wood piece 51 and the metal plate 41 are fixed to each other using a rod-shaped fastener. The rod-shaped fastener is, for example, a screw. The rod-shaped fastener may be a nail or a screw.

[0047] The fuel substitute wood 52 covers the outer surface of the metal plate 42. The fuel substitute wood 52 and the metal plate 42 are overlapped in the plate thickness direction. The fuel substitute wood 52 and the metal plate 42 are joined to each other in the plate thickness direction and integrated. The fuel substitute wood 52 and the metal plate 42 are fixed to each other using a rod-shaped fastener.

[0048] The fuel substitute wood 53 covers the outer surface of the metal plate 43. The fuel substitute wood 53 and the metal plate 43 are overlapped in the plate thickness direction. The fuel substitute wood 53 and the metal plate 43 are joined to each other in the plate thickness direction and integrated. The fuel substitute wood 53 and the metal plate 43 are fixed to each other using a rod-shaped fastener.

[0049] The burner wood 54 covers the outer surface of the metal plate 44. The burner wood 54 and the metal plate 44 are overlapped in the plate thickness direction. The burner wood 54 and the metal plate 44 are joined to each other in the plate thickness direction and integrated. The burner wood 54 and the metal plate 44 are fixed to each other using a rod-shaped fastener. The rod-shaped fastener is, for example, a screw. The rod-shaped fastener includes a nail and a screw.

[0050] The thickness of the burner wood 50 may be, for example, 25 mm or more and 45 mm or less. The burner wood 50 may be, for example, CLT. The burner wood 50 is formed by laminating multiple layers, and the boards contained in these layers are arranged so that the fiber directions of the boards in adjacent layers are perpendicular to each other. The multiple layers are bonded to each other. The wooden member 10 may be CLT or other wooden members such as LVL. The burner wood 50 may be laminated wood, for example, sawn lumber or solid wood.

[0051] [Effects of the fire-resistant wood member according to the first embodiment] The fire-resistant wood member 100 of the first embodiment comprises a long wood member 10, a fire-retardant layer 20 covering the sides 11 to 14 of the wood member 10, an air layer 30 formed on the outside of the fire-retardant layer 20, a metal plate 40 arranged to form the air layer 30 between the fire-retardant layer 20, and fire substitute wood 50 covering the outer surface of the metal plate 40.

[0052] According to this embodiment, the side surfaces 11-14 of the long wooden member 10 are covered with the fire-retardant layer 20, so that the wooden member 10 can be prevented from being burned in the event of a fire. In this embodiment, the air layer 30 is formed between the fire-retardant layer 20 and the metal plate 40, so that heat transfer from the metal plate 40 to the fire-retardant layer 20 is suppressed. This makes it possible to suppress a rise in temperature of the fire-retardant layer 20. According to this embodiment, the metal plate 40 is disposed outside the air layer 30, so that the metal plate 40 remains even if the substitute fuel wood 50 is lost. This makes it possible to maintain the heat insulation provided by the air layer 30, and to suppress heat transfer to the fire-retardant layer 20.

[0053] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, since the metal plate 40 is disposed inside the fuel wood 50, the heat transferred from the fuel wood 50 to the metal plate 40 is diffused by thermal conduction. This prevents the fuel wood 50 from burning locally. This makes it possible to slow down the burning speed of the fuel wood 50 in the thickness direction. As a result, the fire resistance of the fire-resistant wood member 100 can be improved by preventing the fuel wood 50 from burning down. According to this embodiment, the fire resistance can be improved and the thickness of the fire-stopping layer 20 can be made thinner. According to this embodiment, the load on the wood member 10 can be reduced.

[0054] In the fire-resistant wood member 100, the metal plate 40 may be a steel plate or an aluminum plate. With such a fire-resistant wood member 100, an air layer 30 can be formed between the metal plate 40, which is a steel plate or an aluminum plate, and the fire-retardant layer 20. According to this embodiment, the emissivity of the surface of the steel plate or aluminum plate is low, and radiation from the steel plate or aluminum plate to the air layer 30 can be suppressed. As a result, the temperature rise of the fire-retardant layer 20 can be suppressed.

[0055] The fire-resistant wood member 100 also includes a spacer 60, which is a non-combustible material, disposed between the fire-retardant layer 20 and the metal plate 40. With this configuration of the fire-resistant wood member 100, the spacer 60, which is a non-combustible material, can be prevented from burning down. Furthermore, by providing the spacer 60 between the fire-retardant layer 20 and the metal plate 40, the metal plate 40 can be positioned with good positional accuracy relative to the fire-retardant layer 20, and the space of the air layer 30 can be stably secured.

[0056] In addition, in the fire-resistant wood member 100, the emissivity of the surface of the metal plate 40 in the far-infrared region may be 0.3 or less. With the fire-resistant wood member 100 having this configuration, radiation from the surface of the metal plate 40 to the air layer 30 can be suppressed. The temperature rise of the fire-retardant layer 20 can be suppressed.

[0057] Furthermore, in the fire-resistant wooden member 100, the air layer 30 is formed so as to be continuous over the entire circumference of the wooden member 10 in a cross section intersecting the longitudinal direction of the wooden member 10. In a cross section along the XY plane of the wooden member 10 shown in Fig. 1, the air layer 30 is continuous over the entire circumference. With the fire-resistant wooden member 100 having this configuration, the air layer 30 is formed so as to be continuous over the entire circumference of the wooden member 10, thereby making it possible to suppress heat transfer to the wooden member 10 in all directions. Furthermore, with the fire-resistant wooden member 100 having this configuration, the wooden member 10 and the fire-retardant layer 20 are prevented from being locally heated.

[0058] [Fire-resistant wood member according to the second embodiment] Next, a fire-resistant wooden member 100B according to a second embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a fire-resistant wooden member 100B and a slab 110 according to the second embodiment, and is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section intersecting the longitudinal direction of the fire-resistant wooden member 100B. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a fire-resistant wooden member 100B and a slab 110 according to the second embodiment, and is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section along the longitudinal direction of the fire-resistant wooden member 100B.

[0059] 3 and 4 is different from the fire-resistant wooden member 100 according to the above embodiment in that it is used as a beam, not a pillar. In the explanation of the fire-resistant wooden member 100B according to the second embodiment, explanations similar to those of the fire-resistant wooden member 100 according to the first embodiment will be omitted.

[0060] The fire-resistant wooden member 100B is, for example, a beam of a building. The fire-resistant wooden member 100B includes a wooden member 10, a fire-retardant layer 20, an air layer 30, a metal plate 40, and a fire substitute wood 50. In a building, the fire-resistant wooden member 100, which is a beam, extends horizontally and is joined to a pillar. A slab 110 is formed on the fire-resistant wooden member 100B.

[0061] The fire-resistant wood member 100B also includes a spacer 60. The spacer 60 extends in the X-axis direction. The spacer 60 is disposed between the fire-retardant layer 20 and the metal plate 40 in the Y-axis direction. The spacer 60 is disposed between the fire-retardant layer 20 and the metal plate 40 in the Z-axis direction.

[0062] The spacers 60 along the XZ plane are spaced apart in the Z-axis direction. The spacers 60 along the XY plane are spaced apart in the Y-axis direction. The air layer 30 is formed so as to be continuous in, for example, the X-axis direction.

[0063] The side surfaces 12 and 14 of the wooden member 10 face each other in the Z-axis direction. The side surface 12 is the lower surface, and the side surface 14 is the upper surface. The side surface 14 is not covered by the fire-retardant layer 20. A slab 110 is constructed on the side surface 14.

[0064] The slab 110 is, for example, an RC slab. The concrete of the slab 110 is poured at the site. A bolt 120 is erected on the side surface 14. The bolt 120 protrudes upward from the side surface 14. The bolt 120 is, for example, a lag screw bolt or a coach screw bolt. The bolt 120 is not limited to a lag screw bolt or a coach screw bolt. Other rod-shaped fixing members may be provided on the side surface 14.

[0065] The bolts 120 are embedded in the concrete of the slab 110. The slab 110 is integrated with the fire-resistant wooden member 100B, which is a beam.

[0066] [Effects of the fire-resistant wood member according to the second embodiment] The fire-resistant wooden member 100B according to the second embodiment has the same effect as the fire-resistant wooden member 100 according to the first embodiment. The fire-resistant wooden member 100B can be used as a beam. In the fire-resistant wooden member 100B used as a beam, the thickness of the fire-retardant layer 20 covering the wooden member 10 can be made thin.

[0067] [Fire-resistant wood member according to the third embodiment] Next, a fire-resistant wooden member 100C according to a third embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 5. Fig. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the fire-resistant wooden member 100C according to the third embodiment. The fire-resistant wooden member 100C shown in Fig. 5 differs from the fire-resistant wooden member 100 according to the first embodiment in that it has a metal plate 40B having a different shape from the metal plate 40 instead of the metal plate 40, and does not have a spacer 60. In the description of the fire-resistant wooden member 100C according to the third embodiment, the same description as that of the fire-resistant wooden members 100 and 100B according to the above embodiments will be omitted.

[0068] The metal plate 40B is, for example, a ribbed steel plate. The metal plate 40B has a first piece 71, a second piece 72, and a third piece 73. The second piece 72 and the third piece 73 form a rib. The rib is continuous in the longitudinal direction of the metal plate 40B. The rib is formed so as to protrude from the first piece 71.

[0069] The thickness direction of the first piece 71 and the second piece 72 is along the X-axis direction. The first piece 71 and the second piece 72 are arranged apart in the X-axis direction. The first piece 71 is arranged so as to be in contact with the fire substitute wood 50. The second piece 72 is arranged so as to be in contact with the fire-stopping layer 20.

[0070] The third piece 73 is formed between the first piece 71 and the second piece 72 in the Z-axis direction. The third piece 73 is inclined with respect to the first piece 71 and the second piece 72 when viewed in the Y-axis direction. The metal plate 40B is formed by, for example, press working. The thickness of the metal plate 40B may be, for example, 0.5 mm. The thickness of the metal plate 40B is not limited to 0.5 mm and may be another thickness.

[0071] The metal plate 40B is fixed to the burner wood 50 by, for example, screws 65. The screws 65 are driven in from the metal plate 40B side. The screws 65 penetrate the first pieces 71 and are fixed to the burner wood 50. The screws 65 are an example of a rod-shaped fastener.

[0072] The metal plate 40B is fixed to the fire suppression layer 20 before being fixed to the fire suppression wood 50. The fire suppression layer 20 is fixed to the wood member 10 using a screw 66. The integrated metal plate 40B and fire suppression wood 50 are similarly fixed to the fire suppression layer 20 using a screw. The screw is, for example, driven from the outside of the fire suppression wood 50 and penetrates the fire suppression wood 50, the metal plate 40B, and the fire suppression layer 20. The tip of the screw may be driven into the wood member 10.

[0073] The second pieces 72, which are the tips of the ribs of the metal plate 40B, are pressed against the fire-retardant layer 20. In the area surrounded by the fire-retardant layer 20, the first pieces 71, and the pair of third pieces 73, an air layer 30 is formed.

[0074] A space is formed in the area surrounded by the fuel wood 50, the second piece 72, and the pair of third pieces 73. Note that a metal plate 40 may be disposed between the fuel wood 50 and the metal plate 40B.

[0075] [Effects of the fire-resistant wood member according to the third embodiment] The fire-resistant wood member 100C according to the third embodiment has the same effects as the fire-resistant wood member 100 according to the first embodiment.

[0076] In the fire-resistant wood member 100C, the metal plate 40B is a ribbed steel plate. With this configuration of the fire-resistant wood member 100C, an air layer 30 can be formed between the metal plate 40B, which is a ribbed steel plate, and the fire-retardant layer 20. By butting the ribs of the ribbed steel plate against the fire-retardant layer 20, the air layer 30 can be formed between the first piece 71, which is a part of the steel plate where no ribs are formed, and the fire-retardant layer 20. There is no need to place a spacer between the fire-retardant layer 20 and the metal plate 40B, which is a ribbed steel plate. This improves workability.

[0077] [Method of manufacturing fire-resistant wood member according to the fourth embodiment] Next, a manufacturing method of the fire-resistant wooden member 100 will be described as a fourth embodiment. Here, a manufacturing method of the fire-resistant wooden member 100 according to the first embodiment will be described. In the description of the fourth embodiment, the same description as in the above embodiments will be omitted.

[0078] The manufacturing method of the fire-resistant wood component 100 includes the steps of integrating a metal plate 40 and fuel wood 50, fixing a fire-retardant layer to the wood component, and fixing the metal plate and the fuel wood to the wood component.

[0079] In the process of integrating the metal plate 40 and the fuel substitute wood 50, the metal plate 40 and the fuel substitute wood 50 are stacked in the plate thickness direction, and screws are driven in from the metal plate 40 side to integrate the metal plate 40 and the fuel substitute wood 50. The metal plate 40 and the fuel substitute wood 50 are in close contact in the plate thickness direction. The metal plate 40 has a through hole that penetrates in the plate thickness direction. After placing a screw in the through hole, the metal plate 40 is fixed to the fuel substitute wood 50 by driving the screw. The screw is inserted into the metal plate 40 and the fuel substitute wood 50.

[0080] In the process of fixing the fire-retardant layer 20 to the wooden component 10, the fire-retardant layer 20 is disposed so as to cover the side surfaces 11 to 14 of the wooden component 10. The fire-retardant layer 20 can be fixed to the wooden component 10 by driving screws into the fire-retardant layer 20.

[0081] The manufacturing method of the fire-resistant wood member 100 also includes a step of fixing the spacer 60 to the fire-retardant layer 20. In the step of fixing the spacer 60 to the fire-retardant layer 20, the spacer 60 is positioned relative to the fire-retardant layer 20, and screws are driven from the spacer 60 side to fix the spacer 60. The screws penetrate the spacer 60 and are driven into the fire-retardant layer 20.

[0082] In the process of fixing the metal plate 40 and the substitute wood 50 to the wooden member 10, the integrated metal plate 40 and the substitute wood 50 are placed against the fire-retardant layer 20. A spacer 60 is placed between the fire-retardant layer 20 and the metal plate 40. The metal plate 40 and the substitute wood 50 are positioned relative to the fire-retardant layer 20 and the spacer 60, and screws are driven in from the side of the substitute wood 50 to fix the metal plate 40 and the substitute wood 50 to the fire-retardant layer 20. The metal plate 40 and the substitute wood 50 are fixed to the wooden member 10 via the fire-retardant layer 20.

[0083] [Functions and effects of the manufacturing method for fire-resistant wood members according to the fourth embodiment] The manufacturing method of the fire-resistant wood member 100 in the fourth embodiment is a manufacturing method of the fire-resistant wood member 100 and includes the steps of stacking the metal plate 40 and the fuel substitute wood 50 in the thickness direction and inserting a rod-shaped fastener from the metal plate 40 side to integrate the metal plate 40 and the fuel substitute wood 50, fixing the fire-retardant layer 20 to the wood member 10 so as to cover the side surfaces 11 to 14 of the long wood member 10, and arranging the integrated metal plate 40 and fuel substitute wood 50 so as to form an air layer 30 between the fire-retardant layer 20 and the metal plate 40 in the thickness direction, and fixing the metal plate 40 and the fuel substitute wood 50 to the wood member 10.

[0084] According to this embodiment, the above-mentioned fire-resistant wooden member 100 can be manufactured. According to this embodiment, a building including the fire-resistant wooden member 100 can be constructed. According to this embodiment, the metal plate 40 and the fuel substitute wood 50 are integrated in advance, so that the metal plate 40 and the fuel substitute wood 50 do not need to be transported separately. By transporting the integrated metal plate 40 and the fuel substitute wood 50, the work efficiency can be improved. According to this embodiment, the integrated metal plate 40 and the fuel substitute wood 50 can be fixed to the wood member 10 and the fire-retardant layer 20, so that the metal plate 40 and the fuel substitute wood 50 do not need to be fixed separately. Therefore, the work efficiency at the site can be improved.

[0085] According to this embodiment, it is possible to manufacture a fire-resistant wooden component 100 in which the thickness of the fire-retardant layer 20 that covers the wooden component 10 can be made thin.

[0086] The manufacturing method for the fire-resistant wooden member 100 according to this embodiment can also be applied to the manufacturing of the fire-resistant wooden members 100B and 100C. In the manufacturing method for the fire-resistant wooden member 100C, as described above, after the metal plate 40B and the fuel substitute wood 50 are integrated, the metal plate 40B and the fuel substitute wood 50 can be fixed to the wooden member 10 and the fire-stopping layer 20. This improves the work efficiency on-site.

[0087] In addition, the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown here, and may be implemented in other embodiments in which other components are combined with the configurations and the like of the above-mentioned embodiment. In this regard, the present invention may be modified within the scope of the gist of the present invention, and may be appropriately determined according to the application form.

[0088] In the above embodiment, a steel plate or an aluminum plate is exemplified as the metal plate 40, but the metal plate 40 may be a metal plate other than a steel plate or an aluminum plate.

[0089] In the above embodiment, a ribbed steel plate is exemplified as the metal plate 40B, but the metal plate 40B may be a ribbed aluminum plate. In addition, in the fire-resistant wood member 100, the spacer 60 and the metal plate 40 may be integrated in advance, and the integrated spacer 60 and metal plate 40 may be fixed to the fire-retardant layer 20.

[0090] In the above embodiment, a case where, for example, a shaped steel material is used as the spacer 60 is illustrated, but the spacer 60 is not limited to a shaped steel material. The spacer 60 may be, for example, a block body. [Explanation of symbols]

[0091] 100, 100B, 100C: Fire-resistant wood materials 10:Wood materials 20: Fire-retardant layer 30: Air layer 40:Metal plate 40B: Metal plate (ribbed steel plate) 50: Burning wood X:X-axis direction Y: Y-axis direction Z: Z-axis direction

Claims

1. A long wooden member, A fire-retardant layer covering a side surface of the wooden member; An air layer formed outside the fire-retardant layer; A metal plate arranged to form the air layer between the metal plate and the fire-retardant layer; A fire-resistant wood member comprising: a fire substitute wood covering the outer surface of the metal plate.

2. The fire-resistant wood member according to claim 1 , wherein the metal plate is a steel plate or an aluminum plate.

3. 2. The fire-resistant wood member according to claim 1, wherein the metal plate is a ribbed steel plate.

4. The fire-resistant wood member according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a spacer made of a non-combustible material disposed between the fire-retardant layer and the metal plate.

5. 3. The fire-resistant wood member according to claim 1, wherein the emissivity of the surface of the metal plate is 0.3 or less in the far infrared region.

6. 3. The fire-resistant wooden member according to claim 1, wherein the air space is formed so as to be continuous over the entire periphery of the wooden member in a cross section intersecting with the longitudinal direction of the wooden member.

7. A method for manufacturing a fire-resistant wood member, comprising: A step of stacking a metal plate and a burner wood in a plate thickness direction and inserting a rod-shaped fastener from the metal plate side to integrate the metal plate and the burner wood; A step of fixing a fire-retardant layer to the long wooden member so as to cover a side surface of the wooden member; and a step of arranging the integrated metal plate and the fire substitute wood so as to form an air layer between the fire-retardant layer and the metal plate in the plate thickness direction, and fixing the metal plate and the fire substitute wood to the wood member.

Images