Building construction method

Abstract

To provide a building construction method capable of effectively utilizing a retaining member even after the building is completed.SOLUTION: A building construction method of the present invention includes steps of placing a retaining wall box 2 with an open top in a position adjacent to a slope 11 of an embankment layer 1 formed by an embankment, filling the box 2 with soil 23 from a top end of the box 2, and constructing a floor 3 by pouring concrete on top of the embankment layer 1 and the box 2 filled with the soil 23. After the floor 3 is constructed, the floor 3 is supported by the embankment layer 1 and the box 2.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for constructing a building, and more particularly to a method for constructing a building including a step of constructing an earthen floor of a building on a fill layer. [Background technology]

[0002] The construction of a building includes ground work, which may involve filling the soil to form a layer of soil. The layer of soil is then compacted appropriately by rolling or other methods, and concrete is poured on top of the compacted layer of soil to construct the building's earthen floor.

[0003] On the other hand, when carrying out embankment work, it is common to place retaining members adjacent to the slope of the embankment layer (hereinafter also referred to as the slope) and abut the members against the slope in order to prevent the side of the embankment layer from collapsing (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] JP 2022-176041 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] As mentioned above, retaining members are used to prevent the collapse of slopes (hereinafter, for convenience, referred to as collapse) due to earth pressure from the slopes during building construction work. However, from the perspective of effective utilization of resources, it is desirable to be able to effectively utilize the retaining members even after the building is completed.

[0006] Therefore, the present invention has been made in consideration of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a building construction method that enables effective utilization of retaining members after the construction of the building. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The above-mentioned problems are solved by the building construction method of the present invention, which includes the steps of placing a retaining box with an open top adjacent to the slope of the embankment layer formed by the fill, filling the box from the top end of the box, and constructing a floor by pouring concrete on top of the embankment layer and the box filled with the filling, and after the floor is constructed, the floor is supported by the embankment layer and the box. In the building construction method of the present invention, the box body used as an earth retaining wall during the construction of the building is used to support the earth floor together with the fill layer after the building is completed (specifically, after the earth floor of the building is constructed). In other words, according to the present invention, a building construction method is realized in which the earth retaining wall can be effectively used after the building is constructed.

[0008] In the above construction method, a plurality of boxes may be arranged in a line adjacent to the slope along the direction in which the slope extends, and each of the boxes may be filled with a filler, and a dirt floor may be constructed by pouring concrete on the embankment layer and the plurality of boxes each filled with the filler. After the dirt floor is constructed, the dirt floor may be supported by the embankment layer and the plurality of boxes. According to the above-mentioned configuration, the plurality of boxes can effectively prevent the slope of the embankment layer from collapsing during the construction of the building. In addition, the plurality of boxes can adequately support the earth floor after the construction of the building.

[0009] In addition, as a first example of the method for constructing a building of the present invention, the plurality of boxes may include a group of boxes arranged in a row. In this case, the group of boxes may be arranged adjacent to the slope so that the row of the group of boxes is aligned along the direction in which the slope extends. According to the above-mentioned configuration, the group of boxes arranged in a row can more effectively prevent the slope of the embankment from collapsing. In addition, after the building is constructed, the group of boxes can more appropriately support the earthen floor.

[0010] In a second example of the method for constructing a building of the present invention, the plurality of boxes may include a group of boxes arranged in a lattice pattern. In this case, the group of boxes may be arranged adjacent to the slope so that the direction in which the boxes are arranged in the lattice pattern is aligned with the direction in which the slope extends. According to the above-mentioned configuration, the group of boxes connected in a lattice pattern can more effectively prevent the slope of the embankment layer from collapsing. In addition, after the building is constructed, the group of boxes can more appropriately support the earthen floor.

[0011] In addition, as a preferred embodiment of the method for constructing a building of the present invention, the upper ends of at least some of the boxes among the plurality of boxes may be positioned above the upper end of the embankment layer, and concrete may be poured to construct an earthen floor. In this case, it is preferable to form a recess having a smaller thickness than other parts in a portion of the earthen floor adjacent to the upper ends of at least some of the boxes in the vertical direction. With the above configuration, a recess is formed in the portion of the earthen floor adjacent to the upper end of the box body, so that when a load such as an external force is applied to the earthen floor and a crack occurs in the earthen floor, the crack can be generated starting from the recess. In other words, the location where the crack occurs in the earthen floor can be limited to the recess and its surroundings, and cracks can be prevented in parts of the earthen floor other than the recess and its surroundings.

[0012] In the above construction method, the filler may be soil. In this case, it is more preferable to further include a step of moistening the soil in the box after filling the box with soil as the filler. With the above configuration, the soil filled in the box body can be compacted (water-tightened) so that the soil filled in the box body can adequately support the dirt floor. Also, by moistening the soil filled in the box body, if moisture is lost from the concrete that forms the dirt floor, moisture can be supplied to the dirt floor from the soil inside the box body, and as a result, it is possible to prevent the dirt floor from cracking due to a decrease in moisture (drying).

[0013] Furthermore, it is more preferable that the above construction method further includes a step of using a rolling machine to roll the upper end of the embankment layer and the upper end of the filling material in the box before pouring the concrete. With the above configuration, by appropriately compacting the upper end of the embankment layer and the upper end of the filling material inside the box, the embankment layer and the filling material inside the box will adequately support the earthen floor.

[0014] In the above construction method, the box may be made of a plastic material. In this case, molding of the box becomes easy, and the box can be procured (prepared) by effectively utilizing waste plastic materials. Effect of the Invention

[0015] According to the building construction method of the present invention, it becomes possible to effectively utilize retaining members for supporting the earth floor after the building is constructed. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0016] [Figure 1] 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a foundation structure constructed by a building construction method according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the procedure for constructing a foundation structure in the building construction method according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view showing the foundation structure in the middle of construction. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the procedure for constructing a foundation structure in the building construction method according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and is a plan view showing the foundation structure in the process of being constructed. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a group of boxes used in the building construction method according to the first embodiment of the present invention, showing the boxes in use. [Diagram 5] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a group of boxes used in the building construction method according to the first embodiment of the present invention, showing the boxes in a folded state. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the flow of constructing a foundation structure in the building construction method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] 1A to 1C are diagrams showing variations of the flow for constructing a foundation structure in the building construction method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] A cross-sectional view showing a foundation structure constructed by a building construction method according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] 11 is a perspective view of a group of boxes used in a building construction method according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0017] Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the figures referred to in the following explanation, the components in the figures are illustrated somewhat simplified and schematic in order to make the explanation easier to understand, and the dimensions of each component and the spacing between components shown in the figures may differ from the actual dimensions.

[0018] In addition, the buildings of the present invention include residences, specifically detached houses and collective housing such as apartments and condominiums, as well as buildings other than residences, specifically stores, offices, buildings, office buildings, commercial facilities, and public facilities.

[0019] (Foundation structure of the building according to the first embodiment) In describing a first embodiment of a method for constructing a building of the present invention (hereinafter, referred to as the first embodiment), a foundation structure A1 of a building constructed in the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

[0020] The foundation structure A1 supports the building main body (i.e., the part of the building excluding the foundation structure A1) from below, and its basic configuration is almost the same as that of a general foundation structure, except for the use of a box body 2 described below. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the foundation structure A1 has a continuous footing 5 on which a foundation (not shown) provided on the building main body is placed. Also as shown in the figure, an embankment layer 1 is provided in the space surrounded by the rising portion 51 of the continuous footing 5, and a concrete floor 3 (floor) is constructed on the embankment layer 1. The floor 3 is relatively thin and is laid over a wide area.

[0021] As shown in FIG. 1, the foundation structure A1 according to the first embodiment (hereinafter, the foundation structure A1) has a retaining box body 2 at a position adjacent (strictly speaking, adjacent to) the slope 11, which is the side surface of the embankment layer 1 (see FIG. 3). The box body 2 is a hollow body of a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape with an open upper end, and a plurality of boxes are arranged along the horizontal direction in which the slope 11 extends, for example, along the girder direction or the beam direction of the house. The plurality of box bodies 2 are connected in a row (see FIG. 4), and two adjacent box bodies 2 are connected in a state of contact with each other. That is, in the first embodiment, the plurality of box bodies 2 include a box body group 21 connected in a row, and strictly speaking, constitutes the box body group 21.

[0022] The number of boxes 2 included in the box group 21 is not particularly limited, but is preferably a number corresponding to the length of the slope 11 (the length in the extension direction of the slope 11). The size of the boxes 2 is also not particularly limited, but as an example, one side of a rectangle formed by the outer edges of the upper end faces of the boxes 2 may be about 30 cm to 50 cm.

[0023] 1, each box 2 is filled with soil 23 as a filler. In each box 2, the soil 23 is filled so that its upper end (specifically, the upper end of the soil column) is slightly lower than the upper end of the box 2. The soil 23 in the box 2 is appropriately compacted by rolling and so-called water compaction, which will be described later.

[0024] In the foundation structure A1, as shown in Fig. 1, the earth floor 3 is supported by both the multiple box bodies 2 and the embankment layer 1. As a result, even if the upper end of the embankment layer 1 settles and a gap occurs between the earth floor 3 and the embankment layer 1, the earth floor 3 can be supported by the box bodies 2.

[0025] In the foundation structure A1, the upper end of each of the plurality of boxes 2 is located slightly above the upper end of the embankment layer 1, as shown in FIG. 1. Therefore, in the portion of the floor 3 adjacent to the upper end of each box 2 in the vertical direction, a recess 31 is formed that is thinner than a portion different from that portion (other portion). This recess 31 corresponds to a so-called joint in the floor 3, and more specifically, is a recessed portion provided at the lower end of the floor 3. By providing this recess 31 in the floor 3, when a crack (fissure) occurs in the floor 3, the crack is generated starting from the recess 31, and the occurrence of cracks in places other than the recess 31 can be suppressed.

[0026] In the configuration shown in Fig. 1, the upper ends of the multiple box bodies 2 are located higher than the upper end of the embankment layer 1, and therefore the recesses 31 are formed in the earthen floor 3 in portions adjacent to the upper ends of the multiple box bodies 2. However, this is not limited to this, and the earthen floor 3 may be constructed in a state in which the upper ends of at least some of the multiple box bodies 2 are located higher than the upper end of the embankment layer 1. In this case, the recesses 31 are formed in portions of the earthen floor 3 adjacent to the upper ends of at least some of the box bodies 2 in the up-down direction.

[0027] Moreover, in the foundation structure A1, the box body 2 is disposed in a position adjacent to the rising portion 51 of the slab 5, more specifically, in a position abutting the rising portion 51 on the inside of the rising portion 51. In particular, in the foundation structure A1 shown in FIG. 1, the box body 2 is placed on the footing portion 52 of the slab 5. However, the configuration is not limited to the box body 2 being placed on the footing portion 52 of the slab 5, and the box body 2 (more specifically, the box body group 21) may not be placed on the footing portion 52 but may be disposed at a position to the side of the footing portion 52. In that case, it is preferable to increase the height of the box body 2 by an amount equivalent to the height of the footing portion 52.

[0028] The material constituting the box 2 is not particularly limited, and the box 2 may be made of metal, wood, plastic material, paper, or the like. Among these materials, plastic materials are preferable from the viewpoint of ease of handling and moldability. In order to make effective use of resources, the box 2 may be made by reusing waste plastic materials.

[0029] (Building construction method according to the first embodiment) Next, a method for constructing a building according to the first embodiment will be described, and in particular, a flow for constructing the foundation structure A1 will be described.

[0030] In the first embodiment, the foundation structure A1 is constructed according to the procedure shown in Fig. 6. Specifically, first, foundation work is carried out, specifically, embankment work is carried out (S001). This embankment work forms an embankment layer 1 having a predetermined planar size. A known method can be used to form the embankment layer 1. The embankment layer 1 is leveled so that its upper end is a horizontal surface. In addition, the upper end of the embankment layer 1 is compacted by a compactor (not shown), thereby compacting each part of the embankment layer 1.

[0031] Next, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, a retaining box 2 with an open upper end is placed in a position adjacent to the slope 11 of the embankment layer 1 (S002). In more detail, as shown in Figure 3, a plurality of boxes 2 are arranged in a line in a position adjacent to the slope 11 along the direction in which the slope 11 extends, and more specifically, a row of boxes 21 are arranged so that the row of the box groups 21 extends in the direction in which the slope 11 extends.

[0032] The box group 21 used in the first embodiment has a structure in which, when in use, the upper end openings of the multiple boxes 2 included in the box group 21 have a rectangular shape as shown in FIG. 4, and when not in use, the upper end openings of each box 2 are crushed to fold each box 2 as shown in FIG. 5. A known structure can be used as the structure of the box 2 and box group 21 that can be folded in this way. For example, the box group 21 may have a structure in which two mutually intersecting side walls of the four side walls included in each box 2 are connected by a hinge connection structure, and one of the two side walls can be rotated so as to approach or move away from the other. With this configuration, the overall length of the box group 21 (the length in the direction in which the boxes 2 are arranged in the box group 21) can be changed by adjusting the degree of deformation (more specifically, the degree of crushing of each box 2) when the box group 21 is folded. This allows the overall length of the box group 21 to be adjusted to an appropriate length according to the length of the slope 11.

[0033] Next, for each of the multiple boxes 2 included in the box group 21, soil 23 is filled as a filler into each box 2 from the upper end of the box 2 (S003). The method of filling the boxes 2 with soil 23 is not particularly limited, but for example, a construction machine such as a backhoe may be used to pour the soil 23 into each box 2. In this case, it is preferable to control the backhoe or the like so that a correct amount of soil 23 is poured into each box 2 each time. With this method, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the soil 23 is scattered around the boxes 2 and it becomes impossible to fill the correct amount of soil 23.

[0034] By the above steps S002 and S003, the box group 21 located adjacent to the slope 11 is stably placed on the ground 4 by the weight of the soil 23 filled in the boxes 2. As a result, the box group 21 receives the earth pressure from the slope 11 of the embankment layer 1, and can prevent the slope 11 from collapsing (falling down). In the flow shown in Figure 6, the box group 21 is placed in a position adjacent to the slope 11, and then soil 23 is filled into each box 2 of the box group 21. However, this is not limited to this, and the box group 21 may be placed in a position adjacent to the slope 11 after soil 23 is filled into each box 2 of the box group 21.

[0035] Next, water is supplied to the soil 23 filled in each box 2 of the box group 21 to moisten the soil 23, that is, so-called water compaction is performed (S004). This process increases the density of the soil 23 particles in each box 2, and the soil 23 can be compacted. The method of wetting the soil 23 in each box 2 of the box group 21 is not particularly limited, and for example, water may be supplied to the soil 23 in each box 2 by a sprayer or a water sprinkler. The amount of water supplied to the soil 23 in each box 2 may be an amount suitable for water tightening, and for example, the amount of water supplied may be set so that the moisture content of the soil 23 after water tightening is about 130% to 150%.

[0036] Next, a roller (not shown) is used to roll and compact the top end (i.e., the top end surface in the soil) of the soil 23 filled in each box 2 of the box group 21 (S005). This process makes it possible to further compact the soil 23 in each box 2. The compactor used to compact the upper end of the soil 23 in the box body 2 is a smaller device than the compactor used to compact the upper end of the embankment layer 1; specifically, the size of the pressure plate used for compaction is significantly smaller than that of the one used to compact the upper end of the embankment layer 1.

[0037] In addition, in the flow shown in Figure 6, the soil 23 filled in each box 2 of the box group 21 is moistened with water and then the upper end of the soil 23 in each box 2 is compacted by rolling, but this is not limited to this, and the soil 23 in each box 2 may be moistened with water after the upper end of the soil 23 in each box 2 of the box group 21 is compacted by rolling.

[0038] Furthermore, the step S003 of filling the box body 2 with the soil 23, the step S004 of moistening the soil 23 in the box body 2, and the step S005 of compacting the upper end of the soil 23 in the box body 2 may be carried out in stages. That is, as shown in Fig. 7, steps corresponding to the above three steps (steps S013 to S015 in Fig. 7) may be carried out in multiple batches, and repeated until the soil 23 is filled up to a predetermined height (filling position) in each box body 2 (S016). 7 is the same as the procedure shown in FIG. 6 except for the above points, and the remaining steps S011, S012, and S017 in FIG. 7 correspond to steps S001, S002, and S006 in FIG.

[0039] Next, concrete is poured onto the embankment layer 1 and the plurality of boxes 2 (i.e., the box group 21) each filled with soil 23, to construct the earthen floor 3 (S006). As for the method of pouring the concrete, a general construction method for pouring concrete to construct the earthen floor 3 can be used.

[0040] In the first embodiment, concrete is poured to construct the earthen floor 3 in a state in which the upper end of each box body 2 of the box body group 21 is positioned above the upper end of the embankment layer 1. As a result, at the stage when the earthen floor 3 is constructed, the above-mentioned recesses 31 (joints) are formed in the portions of the earthen floor 3 adjacent to the upper ends of each box body 2 in the vertical direction. The concrete for the earthen floor may be poured in such a state that the upper ends of at least some of the boxes 2 included in the box group 21 are positioned above the upper end of the embankment layer 1. In other words, recesses 31 (joints) may be formed in the earthen floor 3 in the portions adjacent to the upper ends of at least some of the boxes 2.

[0041] Then, when the earthen floor 3 is constructed, the foundation structure A1 is completed. After the foundation structure A1 is completed, that is, after the earthen floor 3 is constructed, the earthen floor 3 is supported by the embankment layer 1 and the multiple box bodies 2 (box body group 21) as described above. This allows the box bodies 2 that have been used as retaining members in the building construction work, or more precisely, in the ground work, to continue to be effectively used as members supporting the earthen floor 3.

[0042] Furthermore, the earthen floor 3 contacts the soil 23 in each box body 2 (more specifically, the upper end of the soil 23) at the recess 31, and the soil 23 in each box body 2 is moist with water. As a result, when the moisture content of the earthen floor 3 decreases due to the drying of the concrete that constitutes the earthen floor 3, moisture can be supplied to the earthen floor 3 from the soil 23 in each box body 2. As a result, it is possible to prevent cracks from occurring in the earthen floor 3 due to a decrease in moisture content (i.e., the drying of the concrete).

[0043] Although one embodiment of the method for constructing a building of the present invention has been described above, the above embodiment is merely an example for facilitating understanding of the present invention and does not limit the present invention. In other words, the present invention can be modified and improved without departing from the spirit of the present invention. In addition, the present invention naturally includes its equivalents.

[0044] Regarding another embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter, second embodiment), for example, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9, a plurality of boxes 2 may include a box group 22 connected in a lattice pattern, and this lattice pattern box group 22 may be disposed in a position adjacent to the slope 11 of the embankment layer 1. Hereinafter, the second embodiment will be described with reference to Figs. 8 and 9. Note that, in the second embodiment, the points that differ from the first embodiment will be mainly described below.

[0045] In the first embodiment described above, a plurality of boxes 2 are arranged in a row to form a box group 21. In contrast to this, in the second embodiment, a plurality of boxes 2 are arranged in a row, and a plurality of such rows are arranged in a lattice to form a box group 22. This box group 22 is disposed in a position adjacent to the slope 11 of the embankment layer 1, and more specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, the direction in which the boxes 2 are arranged in the box group 22 (more specifically, the direction in which the boxes 2 are arranged in a row) is arranged along the direction in which the slope 11 extends. With such a box group 22, the collapse of the slope 11 can be prevented more effectively than with the box group 21 of the first embodiment. 9 has two rows of boxes 2, the number of rows of boxes 2 included in the box group 22 is not particularly limited and may be three or more. The number of boxes 2 included in the rows of boxes 2 is not particularly limited, but is preferably a number according to the length of the slope 11. Furthermore, like the box group 21 of the first embodiment, the box group 22 used in the second embodiment should have a foldable structure, i.e., a structure in which the upper opening of each box body 2 can be opened into a square shape when in use, and can be crushed when not in use. [Explanation of symbols]

[0046] 1. Fill layer 2 box body 3. Earthen Floor 4 ground 5. Strip foundation 11 Slope 12 Upper section 13 Lower section 21 Box group 22 Box group 23 Soil (filling) 31 Recess 51 Rising part 52 Footing A1 Foundation structure A2 Foundation structure

Claims

1. A step of placing a retaining box having an open top at a position adjacent to a slope of the embankment layer formed by the embankment; filling the box with a filler from an upper end of the box; and pouring concrete on the embankment layer and the box body filled with the filling material to construct an earthen floor, A building construction method, comprising supporting the earthen floor with the fill layer and the box body after the earthen floor is constructed.

2. A plurality of the boxes are arranged adjacent to the slope along the direction in which the slope extends, Filling each of the plurality of boxes with the filler; pouring concrete on the embankment layer and on the plurality of boxes each filled with the filling material to construct the earth floor; The method for constructing a building according to claim 1 , further comprising supporting the earth floor by the fill layer and the plurality of boxes after the earth floor is constructed.

3. The plurality of boxes includes a group of boxes arranged in a row, 3. The method for constructing a building according to claim 2, further comprising arranging the group of boxes in a position adjacent to the slope, with the row of the group of boxes aligned in the direction in which the slope extends.

4. The plurality of boxes includes a group of boxes connected in a lattice pattern, The building construction method according to claim 2, wherein the group of boxes is arranged adjacent to the slope with the direction in which the boxes are arranged in the lattice-like group of boxes aligned along the direction in which the slope extends.

5. Constructing the earth floor by pouring concrete in a state in which the upper ends of at least some of the box bodies among the plurality of box bodies are positioned above the upper end of the embankment layer; 3. The method for constructing a building according to claim 2, wherein a recess having a thickness smaller than that of other portions is formed in a portion of the earthen floor adjacent in the vertical direction to the upper end portion of at least some of the box bodies.

6. The filling material is soil; The method for constructing a building according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising the step of moistening the soil in the box after filling the box with the soil as the filler.

7. 6. The method for constructing a building according to claim 1, further comprising the step of compacting the top end of the embankment layer and the top end of the filling material in the box using a compactor before pouring concrete.

8. The method for constructing a building according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the box is made of a plastic material.

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