Charge / discharge control system and charge / discharge control method

Abstract

To appropriately control charging and discharging of a storage battery installed in a vehicle when the storage battery is connected to a power system.SOLUTION: When generation of surplus renewable energy power is predicted from prediction information and a present SOC (State Of Charge) of the storage battery is equal to or greater than a SOC reference value, a charge / discharge control system discharges a power amount required to compensate for a prediction value of a surplus power amount based on the prediction information, and then charges the storage battery with power supplied from a power system during a period when the generation of surplus power is predicted. The charge / discharge control system further stores the status of a vehicle usage reservation, and when there is a reservation for vehicle use, the prediction value of a surplus power amount is set as an integrated value of the surplus power amount to be generated up to the start of use of the vehicle. The charge / discharge control system also discharges the storage battery during a period when the price of electricity is high, and charges the storage battery during a period when the price of electricity is low.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a charge / discharge control system and a charge / discharge control method, and more particularly to a technique for controlling the charge / discharge of a storage battery mounted on a vehicle when the storage battery is connected to a power grid. [Background technology]

[0002] Specific efforts are underway to utilize storage batteries installed in vehicles (mobile objects) equipped with an electrical energy power source, such as electric vehicles (EVs) and plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHVs), as storage batteries to adjust surplus and shortages of electricity generated by the use of renewable energy sources such as solar power and wind power.

[0003] For example, Patent Document 1 describes an electric power management system configured to utilize the power generated by a photovoltaic power generation device while suppressing the expansion of the scale of a stationary storage battery in a facility using the photovoltaic power generation device. The electric power management system describes that, when the amount of use of the electric vehicle until the next charge is small and the predicted amount of power generation is sufficient, first charge / discharge plan data is generated to charge the on-board storage battery with commercial power at night and supply the power supplied from the photovoltaic power generation device to the on-board storage battery during the day for charging, and, when the amount of use of the electric vehicle until the next charge is equal to or greater than a vehicle use reference value, second charge / discharge plan data is generated to charge the on-board storage battery with commercial power at night on the day before the electric vehicle is used, supply power from the on-board storage battery to a load in the shared area during the day on the day of use to the extent that the use of the electric vehicle on that day is not affected, and supply the power obtained from the photovoltaic power generation device to the stationary storage battery for charging, thereby controlling charging and discharging.

[0004] For example, Patent Document 2 describes a control device for a DC power supply system configured to effectively utilize surplus power and nighttime power of a photovoltaic power generation device while maintaining a high SOC (State Of Charge) of a storage battery. The control device sets the timing for executing a plurality of modes for controlling charging and discharging of the storage battery, and executes the plurality of modes based on the set timing. The plurality of modes include a PV charging mode for charging the storage battery with surplus power when surplus power that is not consumed by the load occurs among the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation device, a forced discharge mode for discharging the storage battery so that the SOC of the storage battery reaches a predetermined lower limit level, and a regression mode for charging the storage battery with external power at night so that the SOC of the storage battery reaches a predetermined set level higher than the lower limit level. The control device sets the timing for executing the forced discharge mode after the PV charging mode, and for executing the regression mode after the forced discharge mode. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] JP 2013-099140 A [Patent Document 2] JP 2016-220461 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] In order to utilize the storage batteries installed in vehicles as a resource for adjusting the supply and demand balance of the power grid, it is necessary to appropriately control the charging and discharging of the storage batteries so as to effectively adjust the supply and demand balance while taking into account surplus power from renewable energy sources. Moreover, the above control must not affect the use of the vehicles. Moreover, the above control must be performed while taking into account the economics of the provider of the storage batteries as the above resource.

[0007] The above-mentioned Patent Document 1 describes how a battery charge / discharge plan is determined taking into consideration the impact on the use of electric vehicles on that day. However, the document does not particularly mention the economics of the provider of the battery as the resource.

[0008] Patent Document 2 also describes how to effectively utilize surplus power and nighttime power from a solar power generation device while maintaining a high SOC for a storage battery. However, this document does not mention the impact of using a storage battery as the resource on the intended use of the vehicle, or the economic benefits for the provider of the storage battery as the resource.

[0009] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above background, and aims to provide a charge / discharge control system and a charge / discharge control method that are capable of appropriately controlling the charging and discharging of a storage battery installed in a vehicle when the storage battery is connected to a power grid. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] One of the present inventions for achieving the above-mentioned object is a charge / discharge control system for controlling the charging / discharging of a storage battery mounted on a vehicle when the storage battery is connected to a power grid and used, the system including: a SOC management server which is an information processing device having a processor and a memory device; and a storage battery and a vehicle having an information processing device that controls the charging or discharging of the storage battery, the SOC management server is communicatively connected to the vehicle, stores the current SOC (State Of Charge) of the storage battery and prediction information of surplus power of renewable energy in the power grid, and when the generation of surplus renewable energy power is predicted from the prediction information, discharges an amount of power required to compensate for the predicted amount of surplus power based on the prediction information, and then charges the storage battery with power supplied from the power grid during the period in which the generation of the surplus power is predicted.

[0011] Other problems and solutions disclosed in the present application will be made clear in the detailed description and drawings. Effect of the Invention

[0012] According to the present invention, when a storage battery mounted on a vehicle is used while being connected to a power grid, charging and discharging of the storage battery can be appropriately controlled. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a charge / discharge control system. [Diagram 2] 2 is a diagram illustrating main functions of a supply and demand adjustment server. FIG. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating main functions of the SOC management server. [Figure 4A] 1 is an example of vehicle-specific SOC management information. [Figure 4B] 4 is an example of vehicle use reservation information. [Figure 4C] 2 is an example of electricity price information. [Figure 4D] 1 is an example of renewable energy surplus prediction information. [Diagram 5] FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining main functions of the ECU. [Figure 6] 4 is a flowchart illustrating a charge / discharge control process. [Figure 7] 1 is an example of a hardware configuration of an information processing device used to realize a supply and demand adjustment server or a SOC management server. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0014] 1 shows a schematic configuration of a charge / discharge control system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the charge / discharge control system 1 includes one or more power supply devices 20 connected to a power grid 3, one or more vehicles 30, a supply and demand adjustment server 100, and a SOC management server 200.

[0015] The SOC management server 200 and the supply and demand adjustment server 100 are both configured using information processing devices (computers). The SOC management server 200 and the supply and demand adjustment server 100 are both connected to various facilities constituting the power system 3, the power supply devices 20, the vehicles 30, and the information providing server 7 via a communication network 5 so as to be able to communicate with each other.

[0016] The communication network 5 is a communication infrastructure that realizes wired or wireless communication, such as the Internet, a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wide Area Network (WAN), a wireless LAN, a Power Line Communication Network, various public communication networks, Bluetooth (registered trademark), a dedicated line, etc.

[0017] The power system 3 includes, for example, conventional power generation facilities such as thermal power generation facilities, and power generation facilities that utilize renewable energy (photovoltaic power generation facilities (PV) and wind power generation facilities, etc.). The power system 3 may also include functions as a Virtual Power Plant (VPP) or a microgrid. The power system 3 may also be operated within a limited range, such as within a specified region, a specified organization, or within a specified factory site.

[0018] The information providing server 7 is an information processing device such as a Web server that provides information to other devices via the Internet, and is operated by, for example, an operator of the power system 3, a government agency, a company, or other organization. The information providing server 7 provides the SOC management server 200 with various types of information, such as information used to determine an appropriate SOC (State Of Charge) of the storage battery 31 of the vehicle 30, and information used to control the SOC.

[0019] The above information includes, for example, time series information on electricity prices (hereinafter referred to as "electricity price information"), time series information on the output of renewable energy power generation facilities (hereinafter referred to as "renewable energy output"), time series forecast information of the surplus of the above output (hereinafter referred to as "renewable energy surplus power") (hereinafter referred to as "renewable energy surplus power forecast information"), time series forecast information of electricity demand in the power grid 3 (hereinafter referred to as "electricity demand forecast information"), and time series forecast information of weather (including time series information on solar radiation and wind conditions) in the area where the power grid 3 exists (the area where the source of electricity to the power grid 3 exists and the area where the consumers to whom electricity is provided by the power grid 3 exist) (hereinafter referred to as "weather forecast information").

[0020] The power supply device 20 is, for example, household or public electric vehicle supply equipment installed in various locations in the area where the power system 3 is deployed. The power supply device 20 supplies charging power from the power system 3 to a storage battery 31 mounted on the vehicle 30, and supplies discharged power of the storage battery 31 to the power system 3. The power supply device 20 also includes communication equipment for communicating with the vehicle 30, the supply and demand adjustment server 100, and the SOC management server 200 via a communication network 5.

[0021] The vehicle 30 is a mobile object that runs using electric power stored in a storage battery 31 as an energy source, and is, for example, an electric vehicle (EV) or a plug-in hybrid vehicle (PHV). The vehicle 30 operates, for example, as a V2X device (V2L (Vehicle to Live), V2H (Vehicle to home), or V2G (Vehicle to Grid)). The storage battery 31 is, for example, a secondary battery such as a lithium ion secondary battery, an all-solid-state battery, a lead storage battery, or a nickel-metal hydride battery.

[0022] The vehicle 30 includes an ECU 32 (Electronic Control Unit). The ECU 32 monitors the state of the storage battery 31 and controls charging or discharging of the storage battery 31. The vehicle 30 is electrically connected to the power supply device 20 via a cable or the like, and is electrically connected to the power system 3 via the power supply device 20. The vehicle 30 includes a charge / discharge control device 33 that controls charging or discharging of the storage battery 31. The charge / discharge control device 33 has, for example, a bidirectional charging unit, and includes a circuit that controls charging or discharging, a circuit that monitors the state of the storage battery 31 based on measured values ​​of various sensors (such as a voltage sensor, a current sensor, and a temperature sensor), a power conversion circuit (such as a bidirectional converter), and the like.

[0023] The charge / discharge control device 33 is communicably connected to the ECU 32, and controls charging or discharging of the storage battery 31 according to commands from the ECU 32. The charge / discharge control device 33 also notifies the ECU 32 of information related to the state of the storage battery 31 (voltage (charging voltage, discharging voltage), current (charging current, discharging current), SOC (State of charge), temperature, internal resistance, etc.).

[0024] The vehicle 30 is equipped with a communication facility, and transmits information on the state of the storage battery 31 acquired by the ECU 32 from the charge / discharge control device 33 to the supply and demand adjustment server 100 and the SOC management server 200 via the communication network 5. The vehicle 30 may be, for example, a connected car. The vehicle 30 may also be equipped with facilities for receiving various services provided via a telematics communication network.

[0025] The supply and demand adjustment server 100 is operated by an operator of the power system 3, such as a power transmission and distribution business operator. The supply and demand adjustment server 100 acquires real-time supply of power from various power generation facilities connected to the power system 3 and real-time consumption of power based on measurement values ​​of smart meters and the like installed in consumers connected to the power system 3, and adjusts the balance of power supply and demand in the power system 3 (load leveling, absorbing excess supply of renewable energy, supplying necessary power during power shortages, etc.) based on the acquired supply and consumption.

[0026] The supply and demand adjustment server 100 adjusts the power supply and demand balance in the power system 3 by issuing an adjustment command for the supply and demand balance in the power system 3, for example, by DR (Demand Response).

[0027] The SOC management server 200 transmits a control instruction (charge instruction or discharge instruction) to the vehicle 30 so that the SOC of the storage battery 31 mounted on the vehicle 30 becomes an appropriate value. The SOC management server 200 determines the value of the SOC of the storage battery 31 mounted on the vehicle 30 (each vehicle 30 to be managed) based on, for example, the status of the reservation for use of the vehicle 30, the usage record of the vehicle 30, the adjustment command (DR, etc.) sent from the supply and demand adjustment server 100, renewable energy output forecast information, power demand forecast information, weather forecast information, and the like provided by the information providing server 7 (hereinafter, information appropriately taken into consideration when determining the SOC of the storage battery 31 is collectively referred to as "SOC determination consideration information"), and transmits a control instruction to the vehicle 30 so that the SOC of the storage battery 31 mounted on the vehicle 30 becomes the determined value. In addition, the SOC management server 200 may function as, for example, an information processing device (a so-called aggregator server) that transmits control instructions for charging or discharging to the vehicle 30 in response to the DR sent from the supply and demand adjustment server 100 to the SOC management server 200.

[0028] 2 is a block diagram illustrating main functions of the supply and demand adjustment server 100. As shown in the figure, the supply and demand adjustment server 100 includes the functions of a storage unit 110 and a supply and demand balance adjustment unit 125.

[0029] Among the above functions, the storage unit 110 stores power supply and demand status information 111. The power supply and demand status information 111 includes, for example, time series information on the amount of power supply from various power generation facilities connected to the power grid 3 and time series information on the amount of power usage based on measurement values ​​sent from smart meters of consumers.

[0030] The supply and demand balance adjustment unit 125 determines whether or not adjustment of the supply and demand balance is necessary based on the power supply and demand status information 111. When it is determined that adjustment of the supply and demand balance is necessary, the supply and demand balance adjustment unit 125, for example, plans a supply and demand balance adjustment method (control method) based on the power supply and demand status information 111, generates an adjustment command (DR, etc.) based on the planned adjustment method, and transmits it to the SOC management server 200. Note that the supply and demand balance adjustment method is planned using, for example, a known method.

[0031] 3 is a block diagram for explaining main functions of the SOC management server 200. As shown in the figure, the SOC management server 200 includes the following functions: a storage unit 210, a vehicle SOC management unit 220, a vehicle utilization reservation management unit 225, a power price information management unit 230, a renewable energy surplus power prediction information management unit 235, an adjustment command receiving unit 240, and a charge / discharge control unit 250.

[0032] Of these, the memory unit 210 stores each piece of information (data) such as vehicle-specific SOC management information 211, vehicle usage reservation information 212, electricity price information 213, renewable energy surplus power prediction information 214, renewable energy surplus power accumulated value 214a, SOC reference value 215, discharge efficiency / charge efficiency 216, SOC lower limit value 217, SOC upper limit value 218, and adjustment command 219.

[0033] The vehicle SOC management unit 220 receives information regarding the SOC of the storage battery 31 of each vehicle 30 (ECU 32) (such as business vehicles owned by a company or other organization, or vehicles provided by a car sharing service operated in a local area) that is managed by the SOC management server 200, and manages the received information in vehicle SOC management information 211.

[0034] 4A shows an example of the vehicle-specific SOC management information 211. As shown in the figure, the illustrated vehicle-specific SOC management information 211 is composed of one or more records having the items of a vehicle ID 411 and a SOC 412. One record of the vehicle-specific SOC management information 211 corresponds to one vehicle 30.

[0035] Of the above items, the vehicle ID 411 stores an identifier of the vehicle 30 (hereinafter referred to as "vehicle ID"). The SOC 412 stores the current SOC value (%) of the storage battery 31 of the vehicle 30 acquired for the storage battery 31.

[0036] Returning to Fig. 3, the vehicle use reservation management unit 225 accepts a reservation for use of the vehicle 30 (intention to use, planned period of use, etc.) and manages the accepted reservation for use as vehicle use reservation information 212. The vehicle use reservation management unit 225 accepts a reservation for use from a user of the vehicle 30 via, for example, the communication network 5. The user makes a reservation for use by operating a communication terminal (smartphone, tablet, personal computer, etc.) connected to the communication network 5.

[0037] 4B shows an example of the vehicle use reservation information 212. The illustrated vehicle use reservation information 212 is composed of one or more records having each of the items of a vehicle ID 421, a user ID 422, and a planned use period 423. One record of the vehicle use reservation information 212 corresponds to one use reservation of one vehicle 30.

[0038] Of the above items, the vehicle ID 421 stores a vehicle ID. The user ID 422 stores a user ID that is an identifier for the user. The planned usage period 423 stores the usage start date and time and usage end date and time of the vehicle 30. The vehicle usage reservation information 212 may also include history information related to past usage reservations and usage records for each vehicle 30.

[0039] Returning to Figure 3, the power price information management unit 230 periodically acquires power price information (e.g., spot market prices, including time-series power price information for at least the current day and the next day) from the information providing server 7 and the supply and demand adjustment server 100, and manages the acquired information as power price information 213.

[0040] 4C shows an example of the power price information 213. The horizontal axis of the illustrated power price information 213 is time, and the vertical axis is the power price (yen) per unit power amount (1 kWh). The illustrated graph shows the time series change in the power price.

[0041] Returning to FIG. 3, the renewable energy surplus power prediction information management unit 235 acquires renewable energy surplus power prediction information from the information providing server 7 at any time, and manages the acquired renewable energy surplus power prediction information as renewable energy surplus power prediction information 214.

[0042] 4D shows an example of the renewable energy surplus power prediction information 214. The renewable energy surplus power prediction information 214 shown in the figure includes time-series renewable energy surplus power (e.g., PV (Photovoltaic) surplus output) and weather information for the current day and the next day. The horizontal axis of the illustrated renewable energy surplus power prediction information 214 is time, and the vertical axis is renewable energy surplus power (kW). The illustrated graph shows the time-series transition of renewable energy surplus power.

[0043] The adjustment command receiving unit 240 receives an adjustment command (DR, etc.) sent from the supply and demand adjustment server 100 and manages the received adjustment command as an adjustment command 219.

[0044] Returning to Fig. 3, the charge / discharge control unit 250 controls charging or discharging of the storage battery 31 of each vehicle 30. Specifically, the charge / discharge control unit 250 transmits, to each vehicle 30, a control instruction for charging or discharging the storage battery 31 at any time. Furthermore, when a currently valid adjustment command 219 is received, the charge / discharge control unit 270 transmits, to each vehicle 30, a control instruction for charging or discharging the storage battery 31 according to the adjustment command 219. Note that, when a currently valid adjustment command 219 is received, the operator of the SOC management server 200 can set the SOC management server 200 to perform control according to the adjustment command 219 or control according to a charge / discharge control process S600 described later.

[0045] As shown in the figure, the charge / discharge control unit 250 includes the functions of a renewable energy surplus determination unit 251, a vehicle usage reservation determination unit 252, a renewable energy surplus power calculation unit 253, a discharge feasibility determination unit 254, a discharge control unit 255, and a charge control unit 256.

[0046] Among these, the renewable energy surplus presence / absence determination unit 251 determines whether or not generation of renewable energy surplus power is predicted based on the renewable energy surplus power prediction information 214. For example, the renewable energy surplus presence / absence determination unit 251 obtains the renewable energy surplus power by subtracting a predicted value of power demand in the power system 3 from a predicted value of power generation of renewable energy in the power system 3. Note that the SOC management server 200 acquires the predicted value of power generation of renewable energy and the predicted value of power demand in the power system 3 in this case from, for example, the supply and demand adjustment server 100 or the information providing server 7.

[0047] The vehicle reservation determination unit 252 determines whether or not the vehicle 30 has currently been reserved, based on the vehicle reservation information 212 .

[0048] The renewable energy surplus power calculation unit 253 obtains an integrated value (hereinafter also referred to as "P") of a predicted value of the renewable energy surplus power, and manages the obtained value as the renewable energy surplus power integrated value 214a. For example, when a reservation for use of the vehicle 30 has been made, the renewable energy surplus power calculation unit 253 sets the integrated value of a predicted value of the renewable energy surplus power in a period from the present to the reservation time as the renewable energy surplus power integrated value 214a. Also, for example, when a reservation for use of the vehicle 30 has not been made, the renewable energy surplus power calculation unit 253 sets the integrated value of a predicted value of the renewable energy surplus power in a period from the present to the end of the next day (until 24:00 of the next day) as the renewable energy surplus power integrated value 214a.

[0049] The discharge possibility determination unit 254 determines whether or not the storage battery 31 of the vehicle 30 can be discharged by comparing the current SOC of the vehicle 30 obtained from the vehicle SOC management information 211 with a SOC reference value 215 (e.g., 50%). The SOC reference value 215 is determined by the SOC management server 200 or an operator of the SOC management server 200 based on the above-mentioned SOC determination consideration information and past usage conditions, for example.

[0050] The discharge control unit 255 discharges the storage battery 31 while taking into consideration the charging efficiency of the discharge efficiency / charge efficiency 216, so that the discharge amount of power becomes a value that takes into consideration the charging efficiency of the renewable energy surplus power amount integrated value 214a, without causing the SOC to become less than the SOC lower limit value 217 (e.g., 20%).

[0051] The charging control unit 256 charges the storage battery 31 with surplus renewable energy power or power supplied from the power grid 3 up to a SOC upper limit value 218 (for example, 80 to 100%).

[0052] The contents (discharge efficiency, charge efficiency) of the discharge efficiency / charge efficiency 216, the SOC lower limit value 217, and the SOC upper limit value 218 are set to appropriate values ​​in advance by, for example, an operator of the SOC management server.

[0053] 5 is a block diagram illustrating main functions of the ECU 32 mounted on the vehicle 30. As shown in the figure, the ECU 32 has the following functions: a storage unit 310, a storage battery information acquisition unit 325, a storage battery information transmission unit 327, a charge / discharge control instruction reception unit 330, and a charge / discharge control unit 335.

[0054] Of these, the storage unit 110 stores storage battery information 311. The storage battery information 311 includes various information acquired in real time from the storage battery 31 (presence or absence of connection to the power supply device 20, a vehicle ID, an identifier of the connected power supply device 20, a storage battery ID, an accumulated usage time of the storage battery 31, a maximum capacity of the storage battery 31, a charging voltage or a discharging voltage of the storage battery 31, a SOC of the storage battery 31, etc.).

[0055] The storage battery information acquisition unit 325 acquires the above-mentioned various information from the charge / discharge control device 33 of each vehicle 30 , and manages the acquired information as storage battery information 311 .

[0056] The storage battery information transmission unit 327 transmits the real-time content of the storage battery information 311 to the supply and demand adjustment server 100 and the SOC management server 200 .

[0057] The charge / discharge control instruction receiving unit 330 receives control instructions for charging or discharging the storage battery 31 sent from the supply and demand adjusting server 100 or the SOC management server 200 .

[0058] The charge / discharge control unit 335 controls charging or discharging of the storage battery 31 in accordance with the control instruction received from the charge / discharge control instruction receiving unit 330 .

[0059] Next, the process performed by the SOC management server 200 will be described.

[0060] 6 is a flowchart for explaining a process (hereinafter referred to as "charge / discharge control process S600") performed by the SOC management server 200 regarding charging / discharging of the storage battery 31. The charge / discharge control process S600 will be explained below with reference to the same figure.

[0061] The charge / discharge control process S600 is performed individually for each vehicle 30 that is under the management of the SOC management server 200.

[0062] It is also assumed that the SOC reference value 215, the discharge efficiency / charge efficiency 216, the SOC lower limit value 217, and the SOC upper limit value 218 are set to appropriate values ​​in advance.

[0063] At the start of the charge / discharge control process S600, the vehicle SOC management information 211, the vehicle use reservation information 212, the power price information 213, and the renewable energy surplus power prediction information 214 are assumed to have been updated to the latest information.

[0064] The charge / discharge control process S600 is executed at a preset timing such as every predetermined time (any time after the spot market price is determined, for example, after 17:00 on the same day).

[0065] For simplicity, the following description omits matters that need to be considered at the design execution level during implementation, such as errors and tolerances.

[0066] As shown in the figure, first, the renewable energy surplus presence / absence determination unit 251 of the charge / discharge control unit 250 refers to the renewable energy surplus power prediction information 214 and determines whether or not the generation of renewable energy surplus power is predicted in the power grid 3 between now and the next day (until 24:00 of the next day) (S611). If the generation of renewable energy surplus power is predicted (S611: YES), the process proceeds to S612, and if the generation of renewable energy surplus power is not predicted (S612: NO), the process proceeds to S631.

[0067] In S612, the vehicle use reservation existence determination unit 252 of the charge / discharge control unit 250 refers to the vehicle use reservation information 212 and determines whether or not a use reservation is currently made for the vehicle 30 of the storage battery 31. If a use reservation is currently made for the vehicle 30 (S612: YES), the process proceeds to S613, and if a use reservation is not currently made for the vehicle 30 (S612: NO), the process proceeds to S614.

[0068] In S613, the renewable energy surplus power calculation unit 253 of the charge / discharge control unit 250 calculates an integrated value P(Kwh) of a predicted value of a renewable energy surplus power amount until the start time of the reservation for use of the vehicle 30 based on the renewable energy surplus power prediction information 214, and manages the calculated value as a renewable energy surplus power integrated value 214a. After that, the process proceeds to S615.

[0069] On the other hand, in S614, the renewable energy surplus power calculation unit 253 calculates an integrated value P(Kwh) of the predicted value of the renewable energy surplus power from the present to the next day (the end of the next day (24:00)) based on the renewable energy surplus power prediction information 214, and manages the calculated value as the renewable energy surplus power integrated value 214a. Then, the process proceeds to S615.

[0070] In S615, the charge / discharge control unit 250 determines whether the current SOC of the storage battery 31 obtained from the vehicle-specific SOC management information 211 is equal to or greater than the SOC reference value 215. If the current SOC of the storage battery 31 is less than the SOC reference value 215 (S615: NO), the process proceeds to S631. If the current SOC of the storage battery 31 is equal to or greater than the SOC reference value 215 (S615: YES), the process proceeds to S616.

[0071] The processing from S616 to S620 is processing related to discharging the storage battery 31, and is a loop processing that is repeatedly performed until the SOC of the storage battery 31 becomes the SOC lower limit value 217 or the integrated value of the discharged power amount taking into account the charging efficiency (during subsequent charging) exceeds the integrated value of the surplus renewable energy power amount 214a.

[0072] First, in S617, the discharge control unit 255 of the charge / discharge control unit 250 starts discharging the storage battery 31. The discharge control unit 255 selects a period (time period) when the power selling price is as high as possible based on the power price information 213, and discharges the storage battery 31. The discharge is performed during a period when the power selling price is as high as possible (a period when power is insufficient), such as during the night of the day.

[0073] Next, the discharge control unit 255 determines whether the current SOC of the storage battery 31 is equal to or lower than the SOC lower limit 217 (S618). If the current SOC of the storage battery 31 is equal to or lower than the SOC lower limit 217 (S618: YES), the process leaves the loop and proceeds to S621. When the current SOC of the storage battery 31 is close to the SOC lower limit 217, the discharge control unit 255 performs a process of adjusting the amount of discharged power to match the current SOC of the storage battery 31 to the SOC lower limit 217. If the current SOC of the storage battery 31 exceeds (is larger than) the SOC lower limit 217 (S618: NO), the process proceeds to S619.

[0074] In S619, it is determined whether the relationship between the amount of discharged power since the start of discharge and the integrated renewable energy surplus power amount 214a (integrated value P of the predicted value of the renewable energy surplus power amount) satisfies the following formula. Note that the following formula is a condition for determining whether the value obtained by dividing the amount of discharged power by the charging efficiency (corresponding to the amount of charging power required to compensate for the discharged amount (amount of discharged power) by later recharging the storage battery 31 (S621, S631)) is equal to or greater than the integrated value P of the predicted value of the renewable energy surplus power amount. Accumulated value of predicted surplus renewable energy power P≦Accumulated value of discharged power / Charging efficiency ...Formula 1

[0075] If the relationship between the discharged power amount and the integrated value 214a of the surplus renewable energy power (integrated value P of the predicted value of the surplus renewable energy power amount) satisfies the above formula (S619: YES), the discharge control unit 255 stops discharging the storage battery 31, and the process exits the loop process and proceeds to S621. On the other hand, if the relationship does not satisfy the above formula (S619: NO), the process returns to S618.

[0076] In S621, the charge control unit 256 of the charge / discharge control unit 250 charges the storage battery 31 up to the SOC upper limit value by using surplus renewable energy power. The charge control unit 256 charges the storage battery 31 during a period when the power purchase price is as low (cheap) as possible (a period when there is surplus power) based on the power price information 213.

[0077] In S631, the charge control unit 256 of the charge / discharge control unit 250 charges the storage battery 31 up to the SOC upper limit value 218 using power supplied from the power grid 3. Based on the power price information 213, the charge control unit 256 charges the storage battery 31 during a period when the power purchase price is as low (cheap) as possible (a period when there is a surplus of power).

[0078] As described above, when the generation of surplus renewable energy power is predicted and the SOC of the storage battery 31 is equal to or higher than the SOC reference value, the SOC management server 200 preliminarily discharges the storage battery 31 during a period when the selling price of electricity is high (period when electricity is insufficient), such as at night, by an amount equivalent to the integrated value P of the predicted value of the surplus renewable energy power, and charges the storage battery 31 using electricity supplied from the power grid 3 during the period when the generation of surplus renewable energy power was predicted (period when electricity is in surplus). Therefore, the charge / discharge control system 1 of this embodiment can actively contribute to adjusting the supply and demand balance of the power grid 3.

[0079] Furthermore, when there is a reservation for the use of the vehicle 30, the storage battery 31 is discharged to an extent that does not affect the use of the vehicle 30, so that the effect on the original use of the vehicle 30 can be suppressed.

[0080] In addition, by performing the above-mentioned discharging during periods when the selling price of electricity is high, such as at night, and performing the above-mentioned charging during periods when the purchasing price of electricity is low, such as during the day, economic benefits can be provided to the party that provides the storage battery 31, such as the management entity of the vehicle 30, as a resource for adjusting the supply and demand balance of the power grid 3.

[0081] In this way, according to the charge / discharge control system 1 of the present embodiment, when the storage battery 31 mounted on the vehicle 30 is connected to the power grid 3 and used, it is possible to appropriately control the charge / discharge of the storage battery 31.

[0082] <Example of information processing device> 7 is an example of a hardware configuration of an information processing device used to realize the supply and demand adjustment server 100 or the SOC management server 200. The illustrated information processing device 10 includes a processor 11, a main memory device 12, an auxiliary memory device 13, an input device 14, an output device 15, and a communication device 16. Specific examples of the information processing device 10 include personal computers, office computers, various server devices, general-purpose machines, and the like. The information processing device 10 may be realized in whole or in part using virtual information processing resources provided using a virtualization technology, such as a virtual server provided by a cloud system. The supply and demand adjustment server 100 or the SOC management server 200 may be realized using a plurality of information processing devices 10 connected to each other so as to be able to communicate with each other.

[0083] In the figure, the processor 11 is configured using, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit), an MPU (Micro Processing Unit), a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), an AI (Artificial Intelligence) chip, etc.

[0084] The main memory device 12 is a device that stores programs and data, and is, for example, a Read Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), or a non-volatile memory (Non Volatile RAM (NVRAM)).

[0085] The auxiliary storage device 13 is, for example, an SSD (Solid State Drive), a hard disk drive, an optical storage device (CD (Compact Disc), DVD (Digital Versatile Disc), etc.), a storage system, an IC card, a read / write device for a recording medium such as an SD card or an optical recording medium, a storage area of ​​a cloud server, etc. Programs and data can be read into the auxiliary storage device 13 via a recording medium reader or a communication device 16. The programs and data stored (memorized) in the auxiliary storage device 13 are read into the main storage device 12 as needed.

[0086] The input device 14 is an interface that accepts input from the outside, and is, for example, a keyboard, a mouse, a touch panel, a card reader, a pen-input tablet, a voice input device, or the like.

[0087] The output device 15 is an interface that outputs various information such as the progress of processing and the results of processing. The output device 15 is, for example, a display device (LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), a graphic card, etc.) that visualizes the various information described above, a device that converts the various information described above into voice (voice output device (speaker, etc.)), or a device that converts the various information described above into text (printer, etc.). Note that, for example, the information processing device 10 may be configured to input and output information to and from other devices via the communication device 16.

[0088] The input device 14 and the output device 15 constitute a user interface for receiving information from the user and presenting information.

[0089] The communication device 16 is a device that realizes communication (wired communication or wireless communication) with other devices via a communication infrastructure such as a communication network 5, and is configured using, for example, a NIC (Network Interface Card), a wireless communication module, a USB module, etc.

[0090] The information processing device 10 may be implemented with, for example, an operating system, a file system, a DBMS (DataBase Management System) (relational database, NoSQL, etc.), a KVS (Key-Value Store), etc.

[0091] The functions of the supply and demand adjustment server 100 and the SOC management server 200 are realized by the processor 11 of the information processing device 10 reading and executing a program stored in the main memory device 12, or by the functions of the hardware (FPGA, ASIC, AI chip, etc.) constituting the supply and demand adjustment server 100 and the SOC management server 200. The supply and demand adjustment server 100 and the SOC management server 200 store the various information (data) described above, for example, as a table of a database or a file managed by a file system.

[0092] Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above in detail, the above description is for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the present invention and does not limit the present invention. The present invention may be modified or improved without departing from the spirit thereof, and the present invention naturally includes equivalents thereof. For example, the above embodiment has been described in detail to explain the present invention in an easily understandable manner, and is not necessarily limited to those having all of the configurations described. In addition, it is possible to add, delete, or replace part of the configuration of the above embodiment with other configurations.

[0093] For example, in the above, the mechanism for controlling the charging or discharging of the storage battery 31 and the mechanism for monitoring the status of the storage battery 31 are provided on the vehicle 30 side, but these mechanisms may be provided on the power supply device 20 side, and the power supply device 20 may provide information regarding the status of the storage battery 31 to the supply and demand adjustment server 100 and the SOC management server 200, receive control instructions for charging or discharging from the supply and demand adjustment server 100 and the SOC management server 200, and control the charging or discharging of the storage battery 31 in accordance with the above control instructions. [Explanation of symbols]

[0094] 1 Charge / discharge control system, 3 Power system, 5 Communication network, 7 Information server, 20 Power supply device, 30 Vehicle, 31 Storage battery, 32 ECU, 33 Charge / discharge control device, 100 Supply / demand adjustment server, 111 Power supply / demand status information, 110 Memory unit, 125 Supply / demand balance adjustment unit, 200 SOC management server, 210 Memory unit, 211 Vehicle-specific SOC management information, 212 Vehicle use reservation information, 213 Power price information, 214 Renewable energy surplus power forecast information, 214a Renewable energy surplus power accumulated value, 215 SOC standard value, 216 Discharge efficiency / charging efficiency, 217 SOC lower limit value, 218 SOC upper limit value, 219 Adjustment command, 220 Vehicle-specific SOC management unit, 225 Vehicle use reservation management unit, 230 Power price information management unit, 235 Renewable energy surplus power forecast information management unit, 240 adjustment command receiving unit, 250 charge / discharge control unit, 251 renewable energy surplus presence / absence determination unit, 252 vehicle use reservation presence / absence determination unit, 253 renewable energy surplus power amount calculation unit, 254 discharge possibility determination unit, 255 discharge control unit, 256 charge control unit

Claims

1. A charge / discharge control system for controlling charging / discharging of a storage battery mounted on a vehicle when the storage battery is connected to a power grid, An SOC management server which is an information processing device having a processor and a storage device; A vehicle having a storage battery and an information processing device that controls charging or discharging of the storage battery; Including, The SOC management server includes: A communication device connected to the vehicle, A current SOC (State Of Charge) of the storage battery and predicted information of surplus power of renewable energy in the power grid are stored; When the generation of surplus renewable energy power is predicted from the prediction information, an amount of power required to compensate for a predicted value of the amount of surplus power based on the prediction information is discharged, and then the storage battery is charged with power supplied from the power grid during a period in which the generation of the surplus power is predicted. Charge and discharge control system.

2. The charge / discharge control system according to claim 1, The SOC management server includes: Further storing the vehicle reservation status; When a reservation for use of the vehicle is made, the predicted value of the amount of surplus energy is set to an integrated value of the amount of surplus energy generated until the start of use of the vehicle. Charge and discharge control system.

3. The charge / discharge control system according to claim 1, The SOC management server includes: Further storing time series information of the power price of the power system; Discharging the storage battery during a period when electricity prices are high; Charging the storage battery during periods of low electricity prices; Charge and discharge control system.

4. The charge / discharge control system according to claim 1, The SOC management server includes: The charging efficiency of the storage battery is further stored. The amount of power required to compensate for the predicted value of the surplus power amount is calculated by dividing the predicted value by the charging efficiency. Charge and discharge control system.

5. The charge / discharge control system according to claim 1, The SOC management server further stores an SOC reference value of the storage battery, When the generation of surplus renewable energy power is predicted from the prediction information and the current SOC of the storage battery is equal to or greater than the SOC reference value, an amount of power required to compensate for the predicted amount of surplus power based on the prediction information is discharged, and then the storage battery is charged with power supplied from the power grid during a period in which the generation of the surplus power is predicted. Charge and discharge control system.

6. A charge / discharge control method using a charge / discharge control system that controls charging / discharging of a storage battery mounted on a vehicle when the storage battery is connected to a power grid, comprising: The charge / discharge control system includes: An SOC management server which is an information processing device having a processor and a storage device; a vehicle having a storage battery and an information processing device that controls charging or discharging of the storage battery and is communicably connected to the SOC management server; Including, The SOC management server, Storing a current state of charge (SOC) of the storage battery and predicted information of surplus power of renewable energy in the power grid; and When generation of surplus renewable energy power is predicted from the prediction information, discharging an amount of power required to compensate for a predicted value of the amount of surplus power based on the prediction information, and then charging the storage battery with power supplied from the power grid during a period in which generation of the surplus power is predicted; A charge / discharge control method.

7. The charge / discharge control method according to claim 6, The SOC management server, further storing the vehicle reservation status; and a step of setting the predicted value of the amount of surplus energy as an integrated value of the amount of surplus energy generated until the start of use of the vehicle when there is a reservation for use of the vehicle; The charge / discharge control method further comprises:

8. The charge / discharge control method according to claim 6, The SOC management server, Further storing information on time series electricity prices of the power system; discharging the battery during periods of high electricity prices; and Charging the battery during periods of low electricity prices; The charge / discharge control method further comprises:

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