Berthing method and supporting floating body

Abstract

To provide a berthing method capable of suppressing cost and trouble required for berthing even when a floating structure is expanded.SOLUTION: A berthing method includes: a hanging out process of moving a crawl 10 placed on a quay Q in a proceeding direction D1 going from the quay Q toward a sea surface S and hanging out a front portion 10A of the crawl 10 above the sea surface S from the quay Q; a front support process of attaching a supporting floating body 20 to a front portion 10A of the crawl 10 and having the supporting floating body 20 floating on the sea surface S support the front portion 10A; a back support process of supporting a back portion 10B of the crawl 10 while having the supporting floating body 20 support the front portion 10A; a moving process of having all of the crawl 10 move above the sea surface S; and a landing process of having the crawl 10 land on the sea surface S by lowering the front portion 10A and the back portion 10B of the crawl 10 after the moving process.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a beach launching method for a floating structure and a supporting float used in the beach launching method. [Background technology]

[0002] In a conventional beach-mounted method for transporting a fish cage assembled on land to the sea surface, a method is known in which the fish cage placed on a quay is lifted by a crane, moved to the sea surface, and then lowered back to the sea surface (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2008-142003 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] With the conventional beach release method, as the size of the fish pens increases, it becomes necessary to use a large crane with a long reach, which increases the cost and effort required to prepare the crane. Such problems are not limited to fish cages, but are common to all floating structures that are assembled on land and then transported to the sea surface.

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a beach launching method that can reduce the cost and effort required for beach launching even when the floating structure is large, and a supporting float used in the beach launching method. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The beaching method of the present invention includes an extension step of moving a floating structure placed on a wharf in a traveling direction from the wharf towards the sea surface, and causing a front portion of the floating structure in the traveling direction to extend from the wharf above the sea surface; a forward support step of attaching a supporting float to the forward portion of the floating structure that extends from the wharf and causing the supporting float floating on the sea surface to support the front portion of the floating structure; a rear support step of supporting a rear portion of the floating structure that is rearward of the front portion in the traveling direction of the floating structure while keeping the front portion of the floating structure supported by the supporting float; a moving step of moving the entire floating structure with the front and rear portions supported above the sea surface; and a landing step of landing the floating structure on the sea surface by lowering the front and rear portions of the floating structure after the moving step. In this method, since the front part of the floating structure is supported by the supporting float, there is no need to lift the entire floating structure with a crane, and it is sufficient to support the rear part of the floating structure behind the front part with a small crane, etc. Therefore, even if the floating structure is large, the cost and effort required for launching the floating structure from the beach can be reduced. An example of the floating structure is a fish cage.

[0007] In the beach launching method of the present invention, the step of landing on water preferably includes a step of sinking the support float by releasing the air filled in the support float, thereby allowing the floating structure to land on water by the simple task of releasing the air.

[0008] The beaching method of the present invention preferably further includes a recovery step of removing the support float from the floating structure after the water landing step, and recovering the support float. Such a recovery step makes it possible to reuse the support float.

[0009] In the beach launching method of the present invention, in the forward support step, it is preferable that the supporting float has a plurality of buoyant bodies arranged in parallel in the traveling direction or in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction. When multiple buoyant bodies are arranged in parallel in the direction of travel, the supporting float can resist the moment acting on the supporting float when it moves on the sea surface in the direction of travel. When multiple buoyant bodies are arranged in parallel in the perpendicular direction, the supporting float can resist the moment acting on the buoyant body from the tidal current flowing in the direction along the edge of the quay (i.e., the perpendicular direction). This makes it possible to prevent the attitude of the floating structure from tilting unintentionally.

[0010] In the beach launching method of the present invention, it is preferable that the forward supporting step includes a step of attaching a plurality of the supporting floats arranged in parallel in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction to the forward portion of the floating structure. By arranging multiple support floats in parallel in an orthogonal direction, the floating structure can counter the moment acting on the buoyant body from the tidal current flowing in the direction along the edge of the quay (i.e., the orthogonal direction), which makes it possible to prevent the floating structure from tilting unintentionally.

[0011] In the beaching method of the present invention, the rear support step preferably includes a step of supporting the rear part of the floating structure on another supporting float floating on the sea surface. This allows the rear part of the floating structure to be supported without using a crane, eliminating the need to prepare a crane. This further reduces the cost and effort required for beaching the floating structure.

[0012] The supported float of the present invention comprises a frame structure attached to a floating structure located above the sea surface from the sea surface side, and a buoyant body having buoyancy capable of supporting the floating structure via the frame structure while floating on the sea surface, and the frame structure sinks until the floating structure lands on the sea surface when the buoyancy of the buoyant body decreases or when the buoyant body is detached from the frame structure. According to the supporting float of the present invention, the beach launching method of the present invention described above can be suitably carried out.

[0013] In the supported float of the present invention, it is preferable that the frame structure forms a groove with a rectangular cross section that is open at the top, and that a part of the frame body that constitutes the floating structure can be fitted into the groove. In this configuration, while the supporting float is supporting the floating structure, it is possible to prevent the supporting float from rotating unintentionally due to the force received from the sea surface. Also, when the frame structure of the supporting float is submerged, the frame member can be naturally detached from the frame structure. This makes it easy to remove the supporting float from the floating structure.

[0014] In the supported float of the present invention, the frame structure comprises a connection part connected to the floating structure, a holding part for holding the buoyant body, and a column frame arranged between the connection part and the holding part, and it is preferable that the column frame includes a plurality of frame members adjacent in the vertical direction and joints connecting the frame members to each other. In such a configuration, by inserting an adjustment member into the joint, the vertical distance between the connection part and the retaining part can be changed, allowing the supporting float to be used at various sea level heights. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0015] [Figure 1] 1 is a perspective view showing a fish cage which is a target for carrying out a beach release method according to a first embodiment of the present invention; [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a side view showing a supporting float used in the beach launching method of the first embodiment. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a side view of the supporting float of FIG. 2 as viewed from the direction of arrow III. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an installation step of the beach installation method according to the first embodiment. [Diagram 5] A top view of the fish cage in Figure 4. [Figure 6] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a bulging step of the beach bulging method according to the first embodiment. [Figure 7] 5A to 5C are diagrams showing an attachment step of the beach attachment method according to the first embodiment. [Figure 8]FIG. 4 is a top view of the fish cage during the installation process to the moving process of the beach release method according to the first embodiment. [Figure 9] 5A to 5C are diagrams illustrating an air filling step of the beach removal method according to the first embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a rear supporting step of the beach installation method according to the first embodiment. [Figure 11] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a moving step of the beach removal method according to the first embodiment. [Figure 12] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a water landing step of the beach launching method according to the first embodiment. [Figure 13] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a recovery step of the beach removal method according to the first embodiment. [Figure 14] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a rear support step of the beach installation method according to the second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 15] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a moving step of the beach removal method according to the second embodiment. [Figure 16] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a water landing step of the beach launching method according to the second embodiment. [Figure 17] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a recovery step of the beach removal method according to the second embodiment. [Figure 18] FIG. 13 is a top view of the fish cage in the rear supporting step of the beach release method according to the second embodiment. [Figure 19] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a front mounting step of the beach installation method according to the third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 20] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a water landing step of the beach launching method according to the third embodiment. [Figure 21] 10A to 10C are views showing a modified example of the mounting step of the first embodiment. [Figure 22] 10A to 10C are views showing another modified example of the mounting step of the first embodiment. [Diagram 23] FIG. 4 is a side view showing a modified example of the supporting float of the first embodiment. [Figure 24] FIG. 4 is a side view showing another modified example of the supporting float of the first embodiment. [Diagram 25] FIG. 4 is a side view showing another modified example of the supporting float of the first embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0016] [First embodiment] The beaching method of this embodiment is a method for transporting a floating structure from land to the sea surface, and in the following, a fish cage 10 as shown in FIG. 1 will be described as the floating structure.

[0017] (fish tank 10) 1 is fixed at a predetermined position on the ocean and includes a net 11 for enclosing the fish and shellfish to be reared, and a frame 12 for maintaining the box-like shape of the net 11. The frame 12 is placed near the sea surface to suspend the net 11. The frame 12 also includes a plurality of frame members 121 that form a rectangular frame shape, and a plurality of reinforcing members 122 that reinforce the corners of the frame shape. The specific shape of the fish cage 10 is not particularly limited. The fish cage 10 may be of a type in which buoyancy is provided by a buoy or the like, or may be of a sink-float type in which an air tank is installed in the frame 12 to allow air to flow in and out.

[0018] (Support float 20) The beach launching method of this embodiment is carried out by using a supporting float 20 as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, as described later, supports a part of the fish cage 10 protruding from the wharf Q from the sea surface side (see, for example, FIG. 7), and includes a frame structure 21 that can be attached to the fish cage 10, and a pair of buoyant bodies 25 that have the buoyancy to support the fish cage 10 via the frame structure 21 while floating on the sea surface S. In the explanation of the support float 20, the direction along the vertical direction when the support float 20 is in use is defined as the Z axis, any direction perpendicular to the Z axis is defined as the X axis, and a direction perpendicular to both the Z axis and the X axis is defined as the Y axis.

[0019] The frame structure 21 has a connection part 22 connected to the frame member 121 of the frame body 12 of the fish cage 10, a holding part 23 that holds the buoyant body 25, and a plurality of column frames 24 arranged between the connection part 22 and the holding part 23.

[0020] The connection portion 22 has a plurality of groove units 22A. The groove unit 22A has a beam portion 221 arranged along the X-axis, and a pair of protrusions 222 arranged in parallel along the X-axis and protruding from the beam portion 221 to the upper side of the Z-axis, and a groove 223 with a rectangular cross section and an open top is formed between the pair of protrusions 222. The frame member 121 of the frame body 12 of the fish cage 10 can be fitted into the groove 223.

[0021] The holding portion 23 has a beam portion 231 arranged along the horizontal direction, and a plurality of protrusions 232 protruding downward along the Z axis from the beam portion 231. In this embodiment, two pairs of protrusions 232 are provided, and the buoyant body 25 is sandwiched between each pair of the protrusions 232.

[0022] The column frame 24 connects between the beam portion 221 of the connection portion 22 and the beam portion 231 of the holding portion 23. This column frame 24 includes two frame members 241 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction and a joint 242 that connects these frame members 241 to each other. The column frame 24 can adjust the dimension in the Z-axis direction by adding an adjustment member to the joint 242. There is no particular limitation on the specific type of the joint 242 or the adjustment member. For example, when the joint 242 is a structure in which flange joints provided at the ends of the frame members 241 are joined together, an additional frame member provided with flange joints at both ends may be added between the two frame members 241 as an adjustment member. In addition, since each column frame 24 in this embodiment is arranged parallel to the Z axis, it is not necessary to change the dimensions of other frames (such as the beam portion 221) in the frame structure 21 in accordance with a change in the dimension of the column frame 24. If it is necessary to change the dimensions of other frames in accordance with a change in the dimension of the column frame 24, for example, because the column frame 24 is arranged at an angle to the Z axis, the other frames may include joints to which an adjustment member can be added, similar to the column frame 24.

[0023] The buoyant body 25 is a container, such as an airbag, into which air can be put or released. The buoyant body 25 of this embodiment has a cylindrical shape when filled with air, and is disposed along the Y axis. The buoyant body 25 is held between a pair of protrusions 232 of the holding part 23. The buoyant body 25 may be attached to the holding part 23 using a rope, metal fittings, or the like.

[0024] (How to remove from beach) In the beach launching method of this embodiment, the fish cage 10 is transferred from the land (quay Q) to the sea surface using the above-mentioned support float 20. The steps of the beach launching method of this embodiment will be described with reference to Figs.

[0025] First, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the fish cage 10 is assembled on the wharf Q and installed on the moving mechanism 30 (installation process). Here, the moving mechanism 30 has a pair of rails 31 (railroad track iron plates) installed on a wharf Q, and a plurality of moving bodies 32A, 32B installed on each rail 31. Each rail 31 extends along a direction (traveling direction D1) from the wharf Q toward the sea surface S. The moving bodies 32A, 32B are means capable of moving on the rail 31 under the load of the fish cage 10, such as a roller cart. On each rail 31, the moving body 32A arranged in front of the traveling direction D1 supports the rear side of the fish cage 10 in the traveling direction D1 from a front part 10A (see FIG. 6) that protrudes from the wharf Q onto the sea surface S, which will be described later. Also, the moving body 32B arranged on each rail 31 behind the moving body 32A supports the rear end of the fish cage 10. The fish cage 10 is disposed so that the frame member 121 at the front in the traveling direction D1 is perpendicular to the traveling direction D1. In the installation process, the frame body 12 of the fish cage 10 may be supported by the moving bodies 32A and 32B, and the net 11 may be tied to the frame body 12 by a rope or the like. If the fish cage 10 has a lower frame body connected to the lower part of the net 11, multiple square timbers may be placed between the frame body 12 and the lower frame body, and the frame body 12 and the lower frame body may be installed on the moving mechanism 30 in a state where they are overlapped so as not to interfere with each other.

[0026] Next, as shown in FIG. 6, the net cage 10 is moved along the rails 31 in a traveling direction D1, and the front portion 10A of the net cage 10 is extended above the sea surface S from the wharf Q (extending step). At this time, the cage 10 is pulled in the traveling direction D1 by using a combination of a towing wire 41, a pulley 42, and a towing means 43 (e.g., a winch) as shown in Fig. 5. The combination of the towing wire 41, the pulley 42, and the towing means 43 is preferably installed on both sides of the cage 10 in an orthogonal direction D2 perpendicular to the traveling direction D1. The range of the front part 10A of the cage 10, i.e., the range of the cage 10 extending above the sea surface S from the wharf Q, is not particularly limited, but is preferably at least a range in which the support float 20 can be attached in the attachment process described below, and in which the cage 10 will not fall to the sea surface S when extended from the wharf Q. For example, the front part 10A of the cage 10 is a part in front of the center of gravity of the cage 10 in the traveling direction D1.

[0027] Next, as shown in Fig. 7, the support float 20 is attached to the front part 10A of the fish cage 10 (attachment process). In this attachment process, as shown in Fig. 8, two support floats 20 arranged in parallel in the perpendicular direction D2 are attached to the front part 10A of the fish cage 10. The support floats 20 are arranged such that the X-axis of the support float 20 is aligned with the traveling direction D1, and the two buoyant bodies 25 of the support float 20 are arranged in parallel in the traveling direction D1. Here, each buoyant body 25 of the supporting float 20 is in a deflated state, and the supporting float 20 approaches the front part 10A of the fish cage 10 from the sea surface S side. Then, the frame member 121 included in the front part 10A of the fish cage 10 fits into the groove 223 of each groove unit 22A of the supporting float 20 (see FIG. 2).

[0028] 9, air is filled into each buoyant body 25 of the supporting float 20 (air filling process). When filling the buoyant bodies 25 with air, an air compressor (not shown) installed on the wharf Q and the air filling port of the buoyant body 25 are connected by a hose or the like, and the air compressor is driven. The above-mentioned attachment step and air filling step correspond to the forward support step of the present invention, and according to this forward support step, the support float 20 supports the front portion 10A of the fish cage 10 while floating on the sea surface S.

[0029] Next, with the supporting float 20 supporting the front portion 10A of the net cage 10, the net cage 10 is moved along the rails 31 in the traveling direction D1. When the cage 10 is moved, the cage 10 is pulled in the traveling direction D1 by using a combination of the towing wire 41, the pulley 42 and the towing means 43, as in the stretching process described above (see FIG. 5). At this time, the moving bodies 32A of each rail 31 are removed in accordance with the movement of the cage 10, and the cage 10 is moved until the moving bodies 32B reach the end of the wharf Q of each rail 31. As a result, the rear part 10B of the cage 10 is located at the end of the wharf Q, as shown in FIG. Then, the hook 51 of the crane 50 is attached to the rear portion 10B of the cage 10 on the wharf Q, and the rear portion 10B of the cage 10 is hoisted up using the crane 50 to support the rear portion 10B (rear supporting step).

[0030] 11, the hook 51 is moved above the sea surface S while keeping the sea cage 10 in a horizontal position, so that the sea cage 10 is moved completely above the sea surface S (moving step). At this time, the supporting float 20 remains in a state of supporting the front part 10A of the sea cage 10.

[0031] When the net cage 10 is moved after the front support step, it is preferable to install a combination of a towing wire 44, a pulley 45, and a towing means 46 as shown in Fig. 8 on both sides of the net cage 10 in the perpendicular direction D2, and apply a tensile force in the perpendicular direction D2 to the net cage 10 from both sides. This makes it possible to prevent the net cage 10 from being swept away in the tidal current direction, and to maintain the posture of the net cage 10 moving in the traveling direction D1.

[0032] Next, as shown in Fig. 12, the front part 10A and the rear part 10B of the fish cage 10 are lowered to land the fish cage 10 on the sea surface S (landing process). At this time, the air in the buoyant body 25 is released to reduce the buoyancy of the buoyant body 25, causing the supporting float 20 to sink under its own weight. The crane 50 also lowers the position of the hook 51 in accordance with the sinking of the supporting float 20. As a result, the fish cage 10 approaches the sea surface S while maintaining a horizontal posture, and lands on the water.

[0033] Next, as shown in FIG. 13, the support float 20 is removed from the fish cage 10, and the removed support float 20 is recovered (recovery step). In this recovery process, which follows on from the above-mentioned water landing process, the air is released from the buoyant body 25, and the supporting float 20 is allowed to sink under its own weight. Furthermore, when recovering the support float 20, a ship 55 equipped with a small crane 56 can be used. For example, the ship 55 equipped with the small crane 56 is anchored near the fish pen 10, and the air is released from the buoyant body 25 with the hook 57 of the small crane 56 attached to the support float 20, thereby sinking the support float 20. Then, the small crane 56 pulls up the hook 57, so that the support float 20 can be recovered to the ship 55.

[0034] According to the above, the net cage 10 can be transported from the wharf Q to the sea surface S. After that, the net cage 10 is towed to a desired sea area, and the ropes holding the net 11 and the frame 12 together are removed, completing the installation of the net cage 10.

[0035] (Effects of this embodiment) As described above, the beaching method of this embodiment includes the steps of: extending the front part 10A of the net cage 10 from the wharf Q above the sea surface S; a front supporting step of supporting the front part 10A of the net cage 10 on the supporting float 20; a rear supporting step of supporting the rear part 10B of the net cage 10 while the front part 10A is supported on the supporting float 20; a moving step of moving the whole net cage 10 onto the sea surface S; and a landing step of landing the net cage 10 on the sea surface S after the moving step. In this method, since the front part 10A of the net cage 10 is supported by the supporting float 20, it is not necessary to lift the whole net cage 10 with a crane, and it is sufficient to support the rear part 10B of the net cage 10 behind the front part 10A with a small crane 50. Therefore, even if the fish cage 10 is enlarged, the cost and labor required for releasing the fish cage 10 onto the beach can be reduced.

[0036] In the beach launching method of this embodiment, the landing process involves releasing the air filled in the buoyant body 25 of the support float 20, thereby sinking the support float 20. This allows the fish cage 10 to be easily landed on water by the simple task of releasing the air.

[0037] The beach launching method of the present embodiment further includes a recovery step of removing the support float 20 from the fish cage 10 after the water landing step, and recovering the support float 20. According to this recovery step, the support float 20 can be reused. In this embodiment, the air in the buoyant body 25 is further released to further sink the supporting float 20, thereby removing the supporting float 20 from the cage 10. This makes it easy to remove the supporting float 20 from the cage 10.

[0038] In the beaching method of this embodiment, the support float 20 has a plurality of buoyant bodies 25 arranged in parallel in the traveling direction D1 of the fish cage 10. This makes it possible to counter the moment acting when the support float 20 moves in the traveling direction D1 on the sea surface S, and to prevent the attitude of the fish cage 10 from being unintentionally tilted.

[0039] In the beach release method of the present embodiment, a plurality of support floats 20 are attached to the front portion 10A of the fish cage 10 so as to be arranged in parallel in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction D1. Generally, in the sea surface S near the wharf Q, there is a tidal current that flows in a direction along the edge of the wharf Q, i.e., in the perpendicular direction D2 (see, for example, FIG. 8). By arranging multiple support floats 20 in parallel in the perpendicular direction D2, it is possible to counter the moment acting on the buoyant body 25 from the tidal current, and it is possible to prevent the attitude of the fish cage 10 from tilting unintentionally.

[0040] The supporting float 20 of this embodiment has a frame structure 21 and a buoyant body 25, and can suitably implement the beach launching method of this embodiment described above. For example, the frame structure 21 has a connection part 22 that forms a groove 223 with a rectangular cross section that is open at the top. Therefore, the frame structure 21 can be attached to the fish cage 10 by fitting the frame member 121 in the front part 10A of the fish cage 10 into the groove 223 of the connection part 22. In this configuration, while the supporting float 20 supports the fish cage 10, it is possible to prevent the supporting float 20 from unintentionally rotating due to the force received from the sea surface S. In addition, when the frame structure 21 of the supporting float 20 is submerged, the connection part 22 of the frame structure 21 can be naturally detached from the frame member 121. This makes it easy to remove the supporting float 20 from the fish cage 10.

[0041] Moreover, the column frame 24 of the frame structure 21 includes joints 242 that connect vertically adjacent frame members 241. In such a configuration, the vertical length of the column frame 24 can be changed by adding an adjustment member to the joint 242, and the supporting float 20 can be used at various sea level heights.

[0042] Second Embodiment A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The beach launching method of the second embodiment is a method of transferring the fish cage 10 from land to the sea surface S by using the same support float 20 as in the first embodiment, and is the same as in the first embodiment up to the air filling step (see FIG. 9). Below, the steps after the air filling step of the first embodiment will be described.

[0043] After the air filling step, as shown in Fig. 14, while the support float 20 is supporting the front part 10A of the net cage 10, the net cage 10 is moved in the traveling direction D1, and the rear end of the net cage 10 is positioned at the end of the wharf Q. Then, a new support float 20 is attached to the rear part 10C of the net cage 10, which is rearward of the front part 10A in the traveling direction D1 (second attachment step). Hereinafter, the support float 20 attached in the attachment step before the second attachment step is referred to as the support float 20A, and the support float 20 attached in the second attachment step (corresponding to the "other support float" of the present invention) is referred to as the support float 20B.

[0044] In the second installation step of this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 18, two support floats 20B are installed to the rear part 10C of the fish cage 10. These support floats 20B are arranged in parallel along the perpendicular direction D2. At this time, the Y axis of the support float 20B is arranged along the traveling direction D1. Here, each buoyant body 25 of the supporting float 20B is in a deflated state, and the supporting float 20B approaches the rear part 10C of the fish cage 10 from the sea surface S side. Then, the frame members 121 included in the rear part 10C of the fish cage 10 are fitted into the grooves 223 of each groove unit 22A of the supporting float 20B (see Figs. 2 and 3). The rear part 10C of the cage 10 may be located behind the front part 10A of the cage 10 in the traveling direction D1, and is preferably located within a range excluding the rear end part of the cage 10 located on the wharf Q. The rear part 10C of the cage 10 is preferably located within a range in which the supporting float 20B attached to the rear part 10C is located near the wharf Q so as not to interfere with the wharf Q.

[0045] 15, air is filled into each buoyant body 25 of the supporting float 20B, and the supporting floats 20A and 20B support the net cage 10. Then, with the supporting floats 20A and 20B supporting the net cage 10, the entire net cage 10 is moved above the sea surface S (moving process). For the movement of the net cage 10, the towing wire 41 and the like can be used following the second attachment step described above. When the net cage 10 is moved, it is preferable to install a combination of a towing wire 44, a pulley 45, and a towing means 46 as shown in Fig. 18 on both sides of the net cage 10 in the perpendicular direction D2, as in the first embodiment, and apply a pulling force in the perpendicular direction D2 to the net cage 10 from both sides. This makes it possible to prevent the net cage 10 from being swept away in the tidal current direction, and to maintain the posture of the net cage 10 moving in the traveling direction D1.

[0046] Next, as shown in Fig. 16, the front part 10A and the rear part 10C of the net cage 10 are lowered to land the net cage 10 on the sea surface S (landing process). At this time, the air is simultaneously released from the buoyant bodies 25 of the supporting floats 20A and 20B to reduce the buoyancy of each buoyant body 25, causing the supporting floats 20A and 20B to sink under their own weight. As a result, the net cage 10 approaches the sea surface S while maintaining a horizontal posture and lands on the water.

[0047] Next, as shown in FIG. 17, the supporting floats 20A and 20B are removed from the fish cage 10, and the removed supporting float 20 is recovered (recovery step). In this recovery process, following the above-mentioned landing process, the air is released from each buoyant body 25 of the supporting floats 20A, 20B, and the supporting floats 20A, 20B are allowed to sink by their own weight. This allows the frame members 121 to come out of the grooves 223 of each groove unit 22A, and the supporting floats 20A, 20B can be naturally removed from the fish cage 10. Although not shown in FIG. 17, a ship equipped with a small crane can be used to recover the supporting floats 20A and 20B, similarly to the first embodiment.

[0048] According to the above, the fish cage 10 can be transported from the wharf Q to the sea surface S. The beaching method of this embodiment has the same effects as those of the first embodiment. In addition, the beaching method of this embodiment uses the support float 20B instead of the crane 50 used in the first embodiment, so that the cost and labor required for beaching the fish cage 10 can be further reduced. In the beaching method of this embodiment, the supporting float 20B has a plurality of buoyant bodies 25 arranged in parallel in an orthogonal direction D2 perpendicular to the traveling direction D1 of the fish cage 10. This supporting float 20B can resist the moment acting on the buoyant bodies 25 from the tidal current flowing in the direction along the edge of the wharf Q (i.e., the orthogonal direction D2), and can suppress the tilting of the fish cage 10.

[0049] [Third embodiment] A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The beach setting method of the third embodiment has substantially the same steps as the beach setting method of the first embodiment, but uses a supporting float 60 having a different configuration from that of the first embodiment.

[0050] In FIG. 19, the supporting float 60 includes a frame structure 61 attached to the fish cage 10, and a pair of buoyant bodies 65 that float on the sea surface S and support the fish cage 10 via the frame structure 61. The frame structure 61 has a connection part 62 connected to the frame body 12 of the fish cage 10, a holding part 63 that holds the buoyant body 65, a pillar frame 64 arranged between the connection part 62 and the holding part 63, and a guide 67 provided on the pillar frame 64. The connection portion 62 has one or more groove units 62A configured similarly to the groove unit 22A of the first embodiment. The frame member 121 of the frame body 12 of the fish cage 10 can be fitted into the groove 623 formed in the groove unit 62A.

[0051] The holding unit 63 has a pulley 631 around which two wires 66 are hung, and a shaft unit 632 that rotatably supports the pulley 631. One end of the wire 66 is connected to the buoyant body 65, and the wire 66 extends from the buoyant body 65 to the quay Q via the pulley 631, and the other end of the wire 66 is connected to a traction means (not shown). In this embodiment, the wire 66 is connected to each of the pair of buoyant bodies 65. The column frame 64 is disposed along the vertical direction, and a guide 67 is disposed around the column frame 64. The guide 67 may have any configuration as long as it can prevent the buoyant body 65 from interfering with the connection portion 62 when the column frame 64 sinks. The buoyant body 65 is, for example, an airbag, etc. The buoyant body 65 of this embodiment may be a type that does not allow air to be put in or taken out.

[0052] The beaching method of this embodiment is carried out in the same manner as the first embodiment up to the extending step (see FIG. 6) of the first embodiment. After that, as shown in FIG. 19, a support float 60 is attached to the front part 10A of the fish cage 10 (attaching step). In the attachment process of this embodiment, when attaching the support float 60, the frame structure 61 is attached to the front part 10A of the fish cage 10 from the sea surface S side. At this time, by providing a slack in the length of the wire 66 between the holding part 63 and the support float 60, the frame structure 61 can be easily handled. Thereafter, the wire 66 is pulled toward the wharf Q, thereby shortening the length of the wire 66 between the holding part 63 and the buoyant body 65. Then, the height of the frame structure 61 above the sea surface, which receives the buoyancy of the buoyant body 65, rises, and the supporting float 60 supports the front part 10A of the fish cage 10 (front supporting process).

[0053] Next, similarly to the first embodiment, the entire fish cage 10 is moved above the sea surface S using a crane or the like (moving step). 20, the pulling force on the wire 66 is weakened, and the length of the wire 66 between the holding part 63 and the buoyant body 65 is extended. This results in a state equivalent to when the buoyant body 65 is detached from the frame structure 61, and the frame structure 61 sinks. At the same time as the frame structure 61 sinks, the position of the hook of the crane supporting the rear part of the fish cage 10 is lowered. This causes the fish cage 10 to land on the sea surface S while maintaining a horizontal posture (landing process). Thereafter, the frame structure 61 is further lowered to remove the support float 60 from the fish cage 10, and the support float 60 is recovered (recovery process).

[0054] According to the above, the fish cage 10 can be transported from the wharf Q to the sea surface S. The beach setting method of this embodiment has the same effects as those of the first embodiment. Moreover, the beach setting method of this embodiment uses the supporting float 60 instead of the supporting float 20 used in the first embodiment, so that the sea surface height of the frame structure 61 can be freely adjusted. Therefore, the supporting float 60 can be used at various sea surface heights without adding an adjustment member to the column frame 64.

[0055] In this embodiment, the second moving step using a crane as in the first embodiment is described, but other methods can be used. For example, the second moving step may be performed without using a crane by attaching another support float 60 to the rear part of the fish cage 10 as in the second embodiment.

[0056] [Modifications] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes modifications within the scope of the present invention that can achieve the object of the present invention.

[0057] The number and arrangement of the support floats 20, 60 attached to the fish cage 10 can be changed arbitrarily according to the shape and size of the fish cage 10. The number and arrangement of the buoyant bodies 25, 65 of the support floats 20, 60 can also be changed arbitrarily. For example, in the installation process of the first embodiment, each supporting float 20 has a plurality of buoyant bodies 25 arranged in parallel in the traveling direction D1 (see FIG. 8). As a modification, each supporting float 20 may have a plurality of buoyant bodies 25 arranged in parallel in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction D1, as shown in FIG. 21 or 22.

[0058] In the attachment process of the above embodiment, the support float 20 is attached to a frame member 121 arranged parallel to the edge of the wharf Q in the front portion 10A of the fish cage 10 (see FIG. 8). As a modification, as shown in FIG. 21, the support float 20 may be attached to a frame member 121 arranged so as to intersect with the edge of the wharf Q. In FIG. 21, the support float 20 is attached to each of two frame members 121 arranged so as to intersect with the edge of the wharf Q.

[0059] In the attachment process of the above embodiment, the supporting float 20 is arranged so that the axial direction (Y-axis direction) of the buoyant body 25 is aligned with the extension direction of the frame member 121 to which the support float 20 is to be attached. As a modification, as shown in Fig. 22, the supporting float 20 may be arranged so that the axial direction (Y-axis direction) of the buoyant body 25 intersects (e.g., perpendicular to) the extension direction of the frame member 121 to which the support float 20 is to be attached. Note that, as shown in Fig. 22, one supporting float 20 may be attached to the front portion 10A of the fish cage 10.

[0060] The configuration of the supporting floats 20 and 60 and each process using the supporting floats 20 and 60 are not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. For example, as shown in Fig. 23, the supporting float 20C may include a fastener 26 for holding the frame member 121 of the fish cage 10 to the frame structure 21 of the supporting float 20C. The fastener 26 is a plate-like member capable of covering the groove 223 in the frame structure 21 of the supporting float 20C, and can be fixed to a pedestal 224 formed on the upper part of the protrusion 222 by a bolt or the like. When such fasteners 26 are used, in the attachment process, the frame members 121 of the fish cage 10 are fitted into the grooves 223 in the frame structure 21 of the supporting float 20C, and then the fasteners 26 are fixed to the base 224. In this way, the supporting float 20C is attached to the fish cage 10. After the landing process, the frame members 121 of the cage 10, which has gained buoyancy on the sea surface S, can support the supporting float 20C via the fasteners 26. This makes it possible to prevent the supporting float 20C from starting to sink immediately after the cage 10 hits the water, and ensures time to check that there are no abnormalities in the landing of the cage 10. In the recovery process, the fasteners 26 are removed, allowing the frame members 121 of the cage 10 to come out of the grooves 223 in the frame structure 21 of the supporting float 20C. Then, the supporting float 20C is lowered, whereby the frame members 121 of the cage 10 come out of the grooves 223 in the frame structure 21 of the supporting float 20C, and the supporting float 20C is removed from the cage 10.

[0061] 24, the supporting float 20D may not have the protrusion 222 of the first embodiment, and may include a fastener 27 for holding the frame member 121 of the fish cage 10 to the frame structure 21. The fastener 27 includes a U-shaped groove frame portion 272 and flange portions 273 provided on both ends of the U-shape of the groove frame portion 272. The groove frame portion 272 forms a groove 271 with a rectangular cross section extending in one direction (Y-axis direction). When such fasteners 27 are used, in the attachment process, the frame members 121 of the fish cage 10 are placed in the grooves 271 of the groove frame parts 272, and the flange parts 273 are fixed to the beam parts 221 of the frame structure 21 by bolts or the like. In this way, the support float 20D is attached to the fish cage 10. Like the above-mentioned fastener 26, this fastener 27 can prevent the supporting float 20D from starting to sink immediately after the water landing process. In the recovery process, the fasteners 27 are removed, and the support float 20D is pulled in the horizontal direction, whereby the support float 20D can be removed from the fish cage 10.

[0062] 25, the supporting float 20E may not have the protrusion 222 of the first embodiment, and may have a slit 225 extending along the Y-axis direction formed in the beam 221. The frame member 121 of the fish cage 10 may have a protrusion 123 protruding from the side surface of the frame member 121 and extending along the length of the frame member 121. In such a modification, the protrusion 123 of the frame member 121 fits into the slit 225 of the beam 221, thereby attaching the supporting float 20E to the fish cage 10. In such a modification, the frame member 121 of the fish cage 10 may be, for example, a pipe member. Although the modified examples of the supporting float 20 are described in Figs. 23 to 25, the supporting float 60 can also be modified in the same manner. Moreover, the column frame 24 of the supporting float 20 in the first embodiment may be configured without including the joint 242.

[0063] In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, the supporting floats 20, 60 are attached to the front part 10A of the cage 10 after the extending process in which the front part 10A of the cage 10 is extended from the wharf Q, but the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the supporting floats 20, 60 may be attached to the front part 10A of the cage 10 before the extending process. In this case, it is preferable that the supporting floats 20, 60 have a configuration that does not interfere with the wharf Q before the extending process, for example, a configuration that is extendable in the vertical direction or a configuration that is rotatable around the frame member 121.

[0064] In the above embodiments, the floating structure of the present invention is described using the fish cage 10, but the subject of the beaching method of the present invention is not limited to the fish cage 10, and may be any floating structure that can float on the water surface. In addition, the beaching method of the present invention is more suitable for large floating structures that require a large crane in the conventional beaching method. [Explanation of symbols]

[0065] 10...fish cage, 10A...front portion, 10B, 10C...rear portion, 11...net, 12...frame body, 121...frame member, 122...reinforcement member, 20, 20A to 20E...support float, 21...frame structure, 22...connection portion, 221...beam portion, 222...projection portion, 223...groove, 22A...groove unit, 23...holding portion, 231...beam portion, 232...projection portion, 24...column frame, 241...frame member, 242...joint, 25...buoyant body, 26, 27...fastener, 30...movement mechanism, 31...rail , 32A, 32B...mobile body, 41, 44...towing wire, 42, 45...pulley, 43, 46...towing means, 50...crane, 51...hook, 55...ship, 56...small crane, 57...hook, 60...supporting float, 61...frame structure, 62...connection part, 623...groove, 62A...groove unit, 63...holding part, 631...pulley, 632...axis part, 64...column frame, 65...buoyant body, 66...wire, 67...guide, D1...direction of travel, D2...orthogonal direction, Q...quay, S...sea surface.

Claims

1. an extending step of moving a floating structure placed on a quay in a traveling direction from the quay toward a sea surface, and extending a front portion of the floating structure in the traveling direction from the quay above the sea surface; a forward supporting step of attaching a support float to the forward portion of the floating structure that projects from the quay wall, and causing the support float floating on the sea surface to support the forward portion of the floating structure; a rear supporting step of supporting a rear portion of the floating structure, the rear portion being located rearward of the forward portion in the traveling direction, while the supporting float supports the forward portion of the floating structure; a moving step of moving the entire floating structure with the front portion and the rear portion supported above the sea surface; a landing step of landing the floating structure on the sea surface by lowering the front part and the rear part of the floating structure after the moving step; The beach removal method includes:

2. The beaching method according to claim 1 , wherein the step of landing on water includes a step of sinking the support float by releasing air filled in the support float.

3. The beaching method according to claim 2 , further comprising a recovering step of detaching the support float from the floating structure and recovering the support float after the landing on water step.

4. 4. The beaching method according to claim 1, wherein in the forward support step, the supporting float has a plurality of buoyant bodies arranged in parallel in the traveling direction or in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction.

5. The beaching method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the forward support step includes a step of attaching a plurality of the supporting floats arranged in parallel in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction to the forward portion of the floating structure.

6. 6. The beaching method according to claim 1, wherein the rear support step includes a step of attaching another supporting float to the rear portion of the floating structure and causing the supporting float floating on the sea surface to support the rear portion of the floating structure.

7. an extending step of moving a floating structure placed on a quay in a traveling direction from the quay toward a sea surface, and extending a front portion of the floating structure in the traveling direction from the quay above the sea surface; a forward supporting step of attaching a support float to the forward portion of the floating structure that projects from the quay wall, and causing the support float floating on the sea surface to support the forward portion of the floating structure; a rear supporting step of supporting a rear portion of the floating structure, the rear portion being located rearward of the forward portion in the traveling direction, while the supporting float supports the forward portion of the floating structure; a moving step of moving the entire floating structure with the front portion and the rear portion supported above the sea surface; a landing step of landing the floating structure on the sea surface by lowering the front part and the rear part of the floating structure after the moving step; Including, The support float is a frame structure that projects from the quay and is attached to the floating structure from the sea surface side, the frame structure being positioned above the sea surface; a buoyant body having buoyancy capable of supporting the floating structure via the frame structure while floating on the sea surface.

8. The frame structure includes a connection part connected to the floating structure, a holding part that holds the buoyant body, and a column frame disposed between the connection part and the holding part, The beach installation method according to claim 7 , wherein the column frame includes a plurality of frame members adjacent to each other in the vertical direction and joints connecting the frame members to each other.

9. A frame structure that is attached to a floating structure located above the sea surface from the sea surface side; a buoyant body having buoyancy capable of supporting the floating structure via the frame structure while floating on the sea surface, The frame structure is disposed vertically above the buoyant body and includes a connection portion connected to the floating structure, The frame structure is a supported float that sinks until the floating structure lands on the sea surface when the buoyancy of the buoyant body decreases or when the buoyant body is detached from the frame structure.

Images