Heavy rare gas-cooled breeder reactor, subcritical breeder reactor and application documents

Abstract

To build a reactor of the invention around flooded rivers in Setagaya, Adachi, and Okutama to achieve energy self-sufficiency, and burn spent nuclear fuel from a light water reactor in a heavy rare gas-cooled reactor or subcritical reactor to generate electricity.SOLUTION: Power is generated in a reactor with a low power density and a void reactivity coefficient of zero. Inherent safety may be increased as much as possible by reducing an output scale. Even when a coolant is lost, it is possible to cool the reactor with air or nitrogen. Even when a U metal-transuranium metal mixture inside a cladding tube rises above its melting point and becomes liquid, as long as it is below a cladding tube melting point, a rate at which the U metal-transuranium metal mixture leaks to the outside may be small.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 12

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the combustion of transuranium elements. [Background technology]

[0002] It seems that development of nuclear reactors that use enriched uranium with thermal neutrons from helium and moderators is progressing, claiming that it is safer. However, there is no mention of how to handle spent nuclear fuel. It seems that they are trying to further increase the accumulated amount of spent nuclear fuel. Recently, accelerator technology has been developed in the medical field, making it easier to use high-energy neutrons and protons. DISCLOSURE OF THEINVENTION [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0003] Helium-cooled nuclear reactors, which are said to be highly safe, are being developed again in the United States. Helium is concentrated in the United States. There is no production site for helium in Japan. Patent Document 1 describes helium-cooled nuclear reactor gas turbine power generation. The United States has tried various things every quarter century to protect the dollar. 1; Adoption of the gold standard, 2; In order to take the Qing market away from Japan, they drove silver out of the Qing and destroyed the Qing economy, 3; When they printed too many dollars and gold became scarce, they limited oil trading to dollars. As oil is no longer at the disposal of the United States, it will soon become seeds and grains, renewable energy, and uranium (they will make light water reactors buy slightly enriched uranium, a by-product of highly enriched uranium for nuclear weapons. They seem to be buying medium enriched uranium from Russia these days). At that time, if they have helium-cooled reactors, they can control the world by limiting helium trading to dollars (however, they are buying medium enriched uranium, LNG, and oil from Russia). They will also try various things, such as nuclear fusion that seems to have a tunnel effect (nuclear fusion reaction between light hydrogen and boron produces helium as a by-product and does not generate radioactivity. Boron is mainly produced in the United States, Türkiye, and China). China and North Korea think they are surrounded, and they think they are fighting back. Japan does not stand up to the United States, but Mitsubishi Group, trading companies, steamships, and IHI seem to be following the United States to a certain extent. However, it is necessary to take countermeasures somewhere. The United States seems to have a tendency to prioritize the interests of its companies, and American companies in the nuclear field are trying to sell helium-cooled reactors. Following the United States will prevent Japan's technology from developing, and new nuclear technology will disappear. In Japan, the problem is how to reduce high-level plutonium. Burning by thermal neutrons simply reduces the amount of plutonium-239 (Pu239) and increases the proportion of higher plutonium (Pu240, Pu241, Pu242). We want to avoid having to secure a final disposal site for spent nuclear fuel. We want a nuclear reactor that can reduce plutonium-239 (Pu239) as much as possible through burning with thermal neutrons, even if it has a high proportion of higher plutonium (Pu240, Pu241, Pu242). In oxide and carbide nuclear fuels, the proportion of higher plutonium is high, and neutrons are generated by spontaneous neutrons and alpha rays. These neutrons cause nuclear fission reactions in oxide and carbide nuclear fuels. Therefore, storing such nuclear fuels is difficult. Even if the fuel is subcritical due to the insertion of control rods, it still generates heat. Oxide and carbide nuclear fuels that contain a large amount of high-level plutonium generate a large amount of heat even when the reactor is shut down. We would like to avoid having to secure a final disposal site for spent nuclear fuel. Helium, which has been used as a coolant in the past, has a small mass and slows down fast neutrons, so the breeding rate is not very high. We cannot expect much of an increase in the breeding rate due to the increase in the number of fission neutrons caused by fast neutrons. Nuclear reactors with inherent safety will likely be small, so many will be built. This will put a burden on safety inspections, so they will be simpler reactors. If the safety inspections are not separate from those for conventional large reactors, it will hinder the restart of conventional large reactors. Power generation companies and manufacturers must work together to independently create safety inspection guidelines and create an independent safety organization. Ideally, nuclear fuel could be burned repeatedly without reprocessing or with simplified reprocessing. Japan's national power is declining year by year. There is no reason to increase it. It is not reassuring to rely on the benefits of the international system or special international demand, as in the past. In particular, it will be impossible to help the most vulnerable without a secure supply of energy. As our import capacity declines, we must secure energy using only what is available in Japan. We must not be swayed by a small number of newspapers and media outlets that wish for Japan to be in trouble. That said, we must not entertain newspaper workers like the Imperial military did from the end of the Taisho period to the beginning of the Showa period. The declining population is an unstoppable trend, and we are in a society where there is a shortage of inspectors, designers, manufacturers, and operators for new nuclear power plants. We need reactor systems and new site submission documents that are manpower-efficient and take into account the declining population. In order to efficiently use the number of workers, it is essential to temporarily evacuate all nuclear fuel inside the reactor to outside the reactor during regular inspections in order to prevent workers from being exposed to radiation during the inspections. [Patent Document 1] Patent Publication No. 10-319169 [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] Method 1 is a heavy rare gas cooled breeder reactor gas turbine power generation system. The heavy rare gas cooled breeder reactor gas turbine power generation system comprises a heavy rare gas cooled breeder reactor, a plurality of gas turbines (300) (ECCS complementary), a generator (400) connected to the gas turbines (300), a cooler (500) connected to the gas turbines (300), and a gas circulation pump. The heavy rare gas cooled breeder reactor comprises a control rod drive mechanism installed outside the reactor vessel (100) and a reactor core (200) housed within the reactor vessel (100). The reactor core (200) consists of nuclear fuel assemblies (230) adjacent to cross-shaped control plates (210) made of hafnium, sintered boron carbide (B4C), or B4C-added stainless steel arranged in a square lattice, similar to that of a boiling water reactor core, and a heavy noble gas coolant (250). The nuclear fuel assembly (230) is composed of a number of nuclear fuel rods (231) bundled together in a square lattice. The nuclear fuel rod (231) is formed by forming the alloy nuclear fuel (232) described below into cylindrical alloy nuclear fuel pellets (233) several centimeters in height, and stacking a large number of them inside a cladding tube (234) which is a sheath made of stainless steel or a zirconium alloy. The alloy nuclear fuel (232) is an alloy of uranium and transuranium elements, with the enrichment of the transuranium elements being between 10% and 6% by weight. The upper limit of MOX in light water reactors, 10wt%, was taken into consideration. Breeding is small above 10wt%. If breeding occurs, it is possible that the loss of fissile material due to burning can be compensated for by replenishing spent nuclear fuel from light water reactors. Criticality is unlikely to occur below 6wt%. The heavy rare gas coolant (250) receives heat from the nuclear fuel rods (231) and becomes a high-temperature heavy rare gas (286°C or higher but not exceeding 450°C). The high-temperature heavy rare gas flows from the reactor through piping and into the gas turbine (300). The low-temperature heavy rare gas flowing out of the gas turbine (300) is further cooled in the cooler (500) and returns to the reactor vessel (100) via a gas circulation pump. The gas turbine (300) rotates a generator (400) connected to it to generate electricity. Transuranium elements are defined as components of spent nuclear fuel from light water reactors, such as neptunium (Np), plutonium (Pu), americium (Am), and curium (Cm). It was stated that Pu is not extracted as a single element during nuclear fuel reprocessing. The enrichment level of transuranium elements is 10 wt%, meaning that the remaining 90 wt% is mostly uranium 238 (U238) (uranium 235 (U235) is less than 1 wt%). Trace amounts of platinum group metals are contained as impurities. If the temperature of the high-temperature heavy rare gas exceeds 450 degrees Celsius, the alloy nuclear fuel (232) may melt, causing safety issues. If the temperature is below 286 degrees Celsius, the power generation efficiency will decrease. The heavy noble gases are Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe. In order to provide a complementary power source for the ECCS, a plurality of gas turbines (300) are provided. Even if one of the gas turbines stops, the other gas turbines and their associated generators can ensure on-site power supply.

[0005] A nuclear reactor is defined as "a device other than a device capable of causing a chain reaction of atomic nuclear fission and capable of maintaining or likely to maintain the equilibrium state of that reaction without the use of a neutron source, as defined by the Cabinet Order in the proviso to Article 3, Paragraph 4 of the Atomic Energy Basic Law." It can be interpreted as a device that has a reactor core, control material drive mechanism, etc. arranged in such a way that a controlled nuclear fission chain reaction can be maintained. The neutron source that caused the JCO criticality accident was spontaneous neutrons from U238. Even in an LWR, stable control is not possible unless the reactor is subcritical. Spontaneous neutrons are emitted from uranium, which controls delayed neutrons, and from transuranic elements. Alpha rays are emitted from transuranic elements and certain fission products, and neutrons are released when these alpha rays collide with light elements such as oxygen and beryllium. Certain fission products become a delayed neutron source and emit delayed neutrons. If this is the case, a nuclear fission chain reaction can be maintained by introducing a proton beam from an accelerator installed outside the reactor into the core, even if the proton beam is intermittent, as long as the delayed neutron source is taken into account. In this invention, "Digital Encyclopedia, Shogakukan; A nuclear reactor is a device that uses fissile materials such as uranium, thorium, and plutonium as fuel, steadily progresses the chain reaction of nuclear fission while maintaining appropriate control, and enables the energy to be utilized." In this invention, the core is defined as "an area in which the presence of nuclear fuel is essential and where a nuclear fission chain reaction can occur, and which includes nuclear fuel, control materials, and coolants. The coolant is necessary to remove heat from the nuclear fuel. Therefore, the coolant may be located around the core. The control materials are necessary to adjust the core power. Therefore, the control materials may be located around the core."

[0006] Means 2 is a spallation neutron driven subcritical heavy noble gas cooled reactor. The spallation neutron driven subcritical breeder reactor comprises a neutron reflector drive mechanism (2242) installed outside the reactor vessel (100) of claim 1, an accelerator installed outside the reactor vessel (100) of claim 1, and a spallation utilization subcritical core (2200) built into the reactor vessel (100) of claim 1. The spallation subcritical core (2200) consists of a movable neutron reflector (2241), spalled fuel assemblies (2230) arranged in a square lattice, and a heavy noble gas coolant (250). The fragmented nuclear fuel assembly (2230) is composed of a large number of raw nuclear fuel alloy rods (2203) and round and square raw nuclear fuel alloy boxes (2232) bundled together in a square lattice pattern. The raw nuclear fuel alloy rod (2203) is made by processing raw nuclear fuel alloy (2210), an alloy (uranium metal, transuranium metal, and heavy fission product metals) reprocessed from spent oxide nuclear fuel from light water reactors, into cylindrical raw nuclear fuel alloy pellets (2231) about 5 cm high, and stacking a large number of them inside a cladding tube (234). Heavy fission product metals are metals obtained by removing light elements from fission products. For example, platinum group elements. Since there is little fissile material such as PU239 and Pu241, it is difficult for the core to go critical, and a core loaded with raw nuclear fuel alloy (2210) is called a subcritical core. The round-square raw nuclear fuel alloy box (2232) is composed of a stack of multiple round-square raw nuclear fuel alloy plates (2233) made by shaping the raw nuclear fuel alloy (2210) into a round-square shape, a stack of multiple hollow round-square raw nuclear fuel alloy plates (2235) with beam penetration holes on top of that, and a stack of hollow round-square neutron shields (2253) with beam penetration holes on top of that, all of which are stacked inside a round-square covering box (2234) made of stainless steel or a zirconium alloy. A beam tube connecting cylinder (3110) is connected to the top of the round-square raw nuclear fuel alloy box (2232). The beam tube connection cylinder (3110) is connected to the mixed proton beam tube (3100). A mixed proton beam consisting of protons, deuterons, and tritons accelerated by an external accelerator is converted into a high-speed beam, and this mixed proton beam is irradiated onto the round and square raw nuclear fuel alloy dish (2233) via the beam tube connection cylinder (3110), spalling the round and square raw nuclear fuel alloy dish (2233) and releasing a large number of spallation-related neutrons. A spallation neutron-driven subcritical heavy rare gas-cooled reactor, characterized in that a live nuclear fuel alloy (2210) is fissioned by the spallation-derived neutrons. Even if the mixed proton beam is intermittent, it can still sustain a fission chain reaction if a delayed neutron source is taken into account. Uranium metal and many of the transuranic elements emit spontaneous neutrons. Uranium metal and many of the transuranic elements emit alpha particles, which generate neutrons from the light elements of the newly produced fission products.

[0007] The means 3 is a fusion neutron-driven subcritical breeder reactor 1. The nuclear fusion neutron-driven subcritical breeder reactor 1 comprises a neutron reflector drive mechanism (2242) installed outside the reactor vessel (100) of means 1, an accelerator of means 2, and a nuclear fusion utilization subcritical core 1 (3200) built into the reactor vessel (100) of means 1. The fusion subcritical core 1 (3200) comprises a movable neutron reflector (2241) of means 2, fusion fuel assemblies 1 (3230) of means 2 arranged in a square lattice, and a heavy rare gas coolant (250). The nuclear fusion fuel assembly 1 (3230) is composed of a number of raw nuclear fuel alloy rods (2203) of the means 2 and round and square nuclear fusion fission boxes (3232) bundled together in a square lattice shape. The round-square nuclear fusion and fission box (3232) is a stack of multiple round-square raw nuclear fuel alloy plates (2233) made by forming the raw nuclear fuel alloy (2210) of the means 2 into a round-square shape, a stack of round-square target plates (3233) made of lithium 6 deuteride on top of that, a stack of multiple hollow round-square raw nuclear fuel alloy plates (2235) with beam penetration holes on top of that, and a stack of hollow round-square neutron shields (2253) with beam penetration holes on top of that, all of which are stacked and contained in a round-square covering box (2234) which is a box made of stainless steel or a zirconium alloy; A beam tube connecting cylinder (3110) is connected to the top of the round-square nuclear fusion and fission chamber (3232). The beam tube connection cylinder (3110) is connected to the mixed proton beam tube (3100). A fusion neutron-driven subcritical breeder reactor 1, characterized in that a mixed proton beam having a high deuteron content in the mixed proton beam of means 2 is irradiated onto a round-square target dish (3233) via a beam tube connection cylinder (3110), thereby releasing a large number of fusion-derived neutrons, and causing nuclear fission in a live nuclear fuel alloy (2210) by the fusion-derived neutrons. Continuous nuclear fission can be maintained by delayed neutrons, spontaneous neutrons, and alpha particle-induced neutrons. When the tritons (T) of the mixed proton beam collide with the deuterium (D) in the round-square target dish (3233), 14 MeV neutrons are produced. When the deuterons (D) of the mixed proton beam collide with the deuterium (D) in the round-square target dish (3233), neutrons of 2.45 MeV are produced. When a deuteron (D) from a mixed proton beam collides with lithium 6 (Li6) in a round-square target dish (3233), a neutron of 2.97 MeV is produced. In addition, various reactions occur that do not produce neutrons, producing helium-3, helium-4, T, protons (p), etc. When an electron is removed from a hydrogen atom, it becomes a hydrogen ion, which then becomes a proton (p). Since the energy of the beam is consumed to break the bond energy of the target, it is desirable for the beam energy to be 1 MeV or more. This can be easily achieved with small medical accelerators, which have made remarkable technological advances. Part of the electricity generated by the heat of nuclear fission reaction is used to power the accelerator. As the burn progresses, the fissile elements multiply, the plutonium enrichment of the raw nuclear fuel alloy rod (2203) increases, and the criticality is approached, increasing the power output.

[0008] The means 4 is a fusion neutron-driven subcritical breeder reactor 2. The nuclear fusion neutron-driven subcritical breeder reactor 2 comprises a neutron reflector drive mechanism (2242) of means 2 installed outside the reactor vessel (100), an accelerator of means 2, and a nuclear fusion utilization subcritical core 2 (4200) built into the reactor vessel (100) of means 1. The fusion subcritical core 2 (4200) comprises a movable neutron reflector (2241) of means 2, fusion fuel assemblies 2 (4230) arranged in a square lattice, and a heavy rare gas coolant (250). The fusion fuel assembly 2 (4230) is composed of a number of raw nuclear fuel alloy rods (2203) and round and square fusion cavity boxes (4232) bundled together in a square lattice pattern. The round-square nuclear fusion cavity box (4232) is made by connecting the beam tube connection cylinder (3110) to the top and bottom of the round-square covering box (2234). Each beam tube connection cylinder (3110) is connected to each of the top and bottom mixed proton beam tubes (3100). A fusion neutron-driven subcritical breeder reactor 2, characterized in that a mixed proton beam with a high deuteron content is irradiated from the top beam tube connection cylinder (3110), and a mixed proton beam with a high triton content is irradiated from the bottom beam tube connection cylinder (3110) at the same time, causing the beams to collide with each other in a round-square fusion cavity (4232), releasing a large number of fusion-derived neutrons, and causing nuclear fission in a live nuclear fuel alloy (2210) by the fusion-derived neutrons. The mixed proton beam is as described in Means 3. When a triton (T) in a mixed proton beam collides with a deuteron (D) in a mixed proton beam, a 14 MeV neutron is produced.

[0009] Means 5 is a simple heavy noble gas cooled breeder reactor. The simple heavy rare gas cooled breeder reactor comprises a control rod drive mechanism installed outside the reactor vessel (100), a movable control hollow column (6500) housed within the reactor vessel (100), a simple core (7200) housed within the reactor vessel (100), and a heavy rare gas coolant (250) flowing around the simple core (7200). The movable control hollow cylinder (6500) is a hollow cylinder made of stainless steel with added boron carbide, and can be moved up and down outside the upper end closed cylinder (6235) described below by the control rod drive mechanism. The simple core (7200) is a flattened body of nuclear fuel (6230). The nuclear fuel flat body (6230) is formed by sealingly loading the easily fusible heavy metal-added alloy nuclear fuel (6232) described below into a flat covered container (6234). The flat coated vessel (6234) consists of a number of closed cylinders (6235) laid on the top of a flat vessel, and grains of easily fusible heavy metal-added alloy nuclear fuel (6232) are contained within the flat vessel and the closed cylinders (6235). Fusible heavy metal-added alloy nuclear fuel (6232) is a granular nuclear fuel obtained by removing uranium metal from raw nuclear fuel alloy (2210) so that the enrichment of transuranium metals is adjusted to 10 wt% or less, and by adding fusible heavy metals. Recent dry reprocessing makes it easy to remove uranium metal. Fusible heavy metals include gallium (Ga), bismuth (Bi), lead (Pb), tin (Sn), and cadmium (Cd). Cd absorbs thermal neutrons, preventing a decrease in η. Lead-bismuth alloys have a low melting point. A simple heavy rare gas cooled breeder reactor, characterized in that heavy rare gas coolant (250) flows from the bottom of the reactor vessel (100) through the underside of the nuclear fuel flat (6230), up the side of the nuclear fuel flat (6230), through the upper surface of the nuclear fuel flat (6230), into a gas turbine (300) from the top of the reactor vessel (100), and returns to the bottom of the reactor vessel (100) via a gas circulation pump. Instead of heavy rare gases, the coolant can be a low-melting-point heavy metal such as lead or bismuth, which does not react easily with air. In that case, a steam turbine will be used. Nuclear fuel exchange involves the exchange of the reactor vessel (100). At that time, the reactor vessel (100) is just a hollow vessel.

[0010] Measure 6 is the comprehensive submission of documents for the construction of new nuclear facilities. This is a document that a limited liability agent who intends to install a nuclear facility under Measures 1 to 5 must apply for and submit to the national or local government or public institution. The digitized read-only file ATOM0 of documents related to the new site of an existing nuclear power plant and the modified read-only file NRATOM for the nuclear reactor facility of the present invention are taken as the file. The insertion points into ATOM0 that reflect NRATOM are written in red and the deletion points are lined out with an invisible double line, creating a read-only file, ATOM1. ATOM2 is an encrypted read-only file created by removing the double underlined areas from ATOM1 and changing the red underlined areas to black text. A package of documents to be submitted for the construction of a new nuclear facility, submitted on an encrypted USB memory stick containing ATOM0, NRATOM, ATOM1, and ATOM2. The documents covered are those that are applied for or submitted to national or local governments or public institutions in accordance with laws, regulations, regulations, and notices. You can instantly find the location you need. You can sort by submission date or by category.

[0011] The sixth type of measure is separate submission documents for new construction of nuclear facilities. A comparison was made between ATOM0 and FIRE0, a digitized file of documents for the new siting of existing thermal power plants. The parts that match ATOM0 to FIRE0 are crossed out with a single line and saved as ATOM1 file. The areas with a single visible strikethrough will be treated as NFIRE1 files for new thermal power plant locations, and the areas without a single visible strikethrough will be separated as NATOM1 files for new nuclear power plant locations. In order to reflect the NRATOM of Method 6, a read-only file NATOM2 is created in which the insertion points into NATOM1 are written in red and the deletion points are lined out with an invisible double line, and a read-only encrypted file NATOM3 is created in which the invisible double line parts of NATOM2 are deleted and the red line parts are filled with text. A separate submission document for new construction of a nuclear facility, characterized in that it is a single encrypted USB memory stick storing ATOM0, FIRE0, NFIRE1, ATOM1, NATOM1, NATOM2, and NATOM3.

[0012] Previously, the reactor technology, site application documents, and review documents were exact copies of those from the United States. When it came time to start operations, this and that became unclear. Each time, we asked the American company. But still, there were things that were unclear. The reactor of this invention, which was created in anticipation of Japan's declining population, will not be designed or inspected in the United States, and so the design and inspection will also be done in-house. Nuclear power-related matters will probably change based on the principle of separation of power generation and transmission, which the public hopes for, driven by the media. Recently, we have seen judges who have stated outrageous and extraordinary compensation liabilities, so it has become necessary for the operator to establish limited liability. It is legally necessary to make it known that each individual belonging to the limited company has limited liability. The business operator who wishes to install the equipment will entrust the whole project to a limited installation contracting agent. The installation contracting agent will make a bulk order reservation with a construction contractor. Operation will be undertaken by an operating company entrusted by the business operator who wishes to install the equipment. Agents will need the help of former teachers and former government officials. The invoice system is meant to be supported by tax accountants who have been transferred to the Ministry of Finance. A society with a declining population needs to accept the decline rather than increase the birth rate and seek to make efficient use of the population. This will require a lot of energy. Given the news that Japan has decided to increase its defense spending under the guidance of President Biden, it is possible that the decision to build a new nuclear reactor in Japan will be made under the guidance of the US President. However, US politics are often strongly influenced by the wishes of major US corporations. The safety review materials will likely come in US specifications. There will be an urgent need for safety reviews suited to the Japanese environment. The reviewing side is also short of manpower, and mechanization is essential to quickly process various new sites. Simple reactors that are easy to review are preferable. Only the points that need to be reviewed should be reviewed. Officials value grammar, and if they are forced to read documents full of careless mistakes, they will refuse to review. On the other hand, the fact that recordings of review meetings have been transcribed and circulated on the Internet is probably a failure of the review system and a flaw in the current regulations. This could lead to the dismantling and rebuilding of the Nuclear Regulation Authority. If all national meetings were recorded and transcribed, the discussion would not move forward. We must not make a big deal out of the media. Review documents should be completed by both the applicant and the recipient. The Edo Shogunate was known for failing to be strict on the surface and lenient behind the scenes. If you get serious about regulating, you will become a bad magistrate. If you get serious about policing, police officers who crack down on buying things will become bad police officers, and the people will starve to death. The restart of the nuclear power plant, which has become complicated, may be abandoned. If we go with the media-led separation of transmission and reception and the liberalization of the electricity market, it should be fine to raise the selling price of LNG power generation. Follow the principle of competition. The cost of converting paper to PDF is less than 3 yen per page, and applications have already been largely digitized. For turbines, generators, and containment vessels, documents from existing nuclear power plants can be used almost as is. File comparison software (such as "diff") can be downloaded for free from "windows.org". When using the generation AI, documents for just one existing nuclear power plant are input, and documents relating to the new nuclear power plant of the present invention are input in the form of questions. The table of contents and drawing format of "Attachment 8" for "Application for Approval of Design and Construction Plan Changes" of nuclear power plants are the same for PWR, BWR, FBR, etc. This is convenient for both the contractor and the examiner. Effect of the Invention

[0013] Figure 13 shows the neutron energy dependence η of major nuclear fuels. g If the neutrons do not slow down, then η g is the neutron energy-dependent leakage-free, moderation-free, infinite multiplication factor kinf g It is. Uranium 238 (U238) and plutonium 240 and 242 (Pu240 and Pu242) also have η g ≒kinf g is significantly greater than 1.0. From U238 to Pu242, the values ​​are even larger above 10.5 MeV. The distribution of neutron energies released by nuclear fission is said to be around 1.0 MeV, with the average neutron energy falling above and below 2 MeV. At 14 MeV, even U238 is g ≒kinf g is around 3.5. Therefore, if the neutrons are not moderated much, nuclear fission may be possible even with a small amount of PU239. At the same time, the proliferation of fissile material is also expected. With Pu242, a significant criticality exceedance is possible. Metals from spent nuclear fuel are effective as atomic bomb dampers. Although they are large and not suitable for transport by jet plane, they could also be used as the atomic bomb itself. If the coolant is a heavy noble gas, as in the present invention, neutron moderation is small, so a long-term chain reaction can be expected even with a low plutonium enrichment. Nuclear fission of U238 can also be expected, and the proliferation of fissile materials can also be expected. If a subcritical reactor is started with an accelerator, it may become a critical reactor after a certain amount of burning.

[0014] Figure 14 shows typical physical properties of rare gases. The main atomic weights of Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe are larger than that of He. Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe are called heavy rare gases. The main atomic weight of Na in a sodium-cooled FBR is 23. The atomic weight of Ne is slightly smaller. The atomic weights of Ar, Kr, and Xe are larger. Therefore, the heavy noble gases do not slow down neutrons as much as He. The ξ of heavy noble gases is smaller than that of He. Incidentally, the ξ of U238 is very small. In heavy noble gas cooled reactors, the deceleration of neutrons is suppressed, so the fast neutron component is large. Therefore, as shown in Figure 13, the η of U238, Pu240, and Pu242 is large. Fissile materials multiply. Since nuclear fuel is not an oxide, neutrons are not moderated by oxygen. The heat removal performance of heavy rare gases is smaller than that of helium, so the coolant temperature cannot be made high. If the amount of nuclear fuel loaded is increased and a large flat core is used, the power density can be reduced as much as desired. Since troublesome spent nuclear fuel is burned, low power density is not an issue. The power density is greater than the surface-derived energy. If the power density of the current 1 million kW light water reactor is about 100 kW / L, even if 10 reactors of the present invention with 10 kW / L or 100 reactors of the present invention with 1 kW / L were constructed, the site area would be smaller than the surface-derived energy. It would fit within the site area of ​​a nuclear power plant. If 100 reactor containment vessels that can withstand hail, sleet, and typhoons, which are required for thermal power plants, were built inside each of them with partitions, safety would be sufficient. The reactor of the present invention can withstand tsunamis and earthquakes.

[0015] Neutron generation by nuclear spallation has been relatively well studied. Water on Earth consists mostly of light water (H2O), a small amount of heavy water (D2O, DHO), and a small amount of tritiated water (T2O, THO, TDO). When protons are accelerated in an accelerator, they also contain small amounts of deuterons (D) and tritons (T). To accelerate D, it is necessary to enrich heavy water. Enriching heavy water also enriches tritium water, just as enriching U235 enriches U234 and U236. If you try to accelerate D, you will also accelerate T and H. It costs a huge amount of money to increase the purity of heavy water. Heavy water of medium purity is relatively cheap. In the end, it becomes a high-speed beam of mixed protons that is a mixture of H, D, and T. When T collides with the target nucleus, it loses most of its energy on the surface. H flies relatively deep into the target. Therefore, the high-speed beam of mixed protons can affect the thickness of the target evenly.

[0016] If 14MeV neutrons are produced in a nuclear fusion reaction, U238 will also produce η g is about 4.0, and nearly 99% of the spent nuclear fuel is U238, which contributes to nuclear fission reactions. Even if MOX is used for several cycles in a light water reactor and the amount of Pu242 increases, it still contributes to the nuclear fission reaction. If there are only transuranium elements and no U238, almost no plutonium is produced and the transuranium elements can be burned away. Power transmission characterized in that the power generated using the subcritical reactor in the means 2, 3, and 4 is stored in a capacitor and the power is flattened before transmission is also promising. The electricity generated by multiple nuclear reactors is stored in individual capacitors and discharged according to power demand. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THEINVENTION

[0017] We have been able to provide a nuclear reactor that burns transuranic elements, which is expected to be useful for disposing of spent nuclear fuel. Example 1

[0018] The first embodiment is a heavy rare gas cooled reactor heavy rare gas turbine power generation system. FIG. 1 is an overview of a heavy rare gas cooled reactor and heavy rare gas turbine power generation system. There are multiple gas turbines (300). Even if one of them stops, the remaining turbines can maintain the on-site power supply. There is no need to consider a special ECCS device. A generator (400) connected to the gas turbine (300) rotates to generate electricity. The heavy rare gas coolant (250) receives heat from the nuclear fuel rods (231) and becomes a high-temperature heavy rare gas (286°C or higher but not exceeding 450°C) and flows into the gas turbine (300). The low-temperature heavy rare gas flowing out of the gas turbine (300) is cooled in the cooler (500) and returns to the reactor vessel (100) via the gas circulation pump. The melting point of the alloy nuclear fuel (232) is below 450 degrees Celsius, so the coolant temperature must be below 450 degrees Celsius. Because the thermal conductivity of metals is high, the central temperature inside the alloy fuel rod is low. Conventional helium-cooled high-temperature gas-cooled reactors often use enriched uranium, and the spent fuel will likely contain a lot of plutonium-236, so great care must be taken when storing and reprocessing it. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the reactor core (200). The upper portion of the nuclear fuel assembly (230) is supported by an upper core grid plate, and the lower portion of the fuel assembly is supported by a lower core grid plate. The nuclear reaction is controlled by the up and down movement of the hafnium cross-shaped control plate (210), which is moved up and down by a control rod drive mechanism mainly consisting of a drive motor. The low enrichment nuclear fuel assemblies (1230) at the periphery of the core are adjacent to the hafnium cruciform control plate (210). When the low-enrichment nuclear fuel assembly (1230) is burned, it becomes highly enriched. The fuel assembly with a high enrichment level is moved to the inside of the reactor core and becomes a highly enriched fuel assembly (230). As the burnup progresses, the low-enrichment nuclear fuel assembly (1230) in the center of the core becomes more enriched. The enriched nuclear fuel assembly is moved to the corner around the core and becomes the adjusted nuclear fuel assembly (1240). When the reactor is shut down for fuel replacement or other work, all the nuclear fuel assemblies are temporarily moved outside the reactor vessel (100) to prevent radiation exposure to periodic inspection personnel. The reason why the reactor vessel (100) in this figure has a rounded rectangular planar shape is because the risk of explosion is small when the pressure of the heavy rare gas coolant is reduced to about 15 atmospheres. Even if it is deformed, it has little effect on the shape of the inner core chamber (which restrains the reactor core). In this diagram, the number of fuel assemblies loaded into the reactor core is reduced for ease of illustration. In commercial reactors, the number is increased to keep the power density as low as possible. This increases safety. Loading more fuel assemblies into the core reduces neutron leakage and allows for a lower transuranium enrichment level in the fuel required to achieve criticality. If the output is constant, the power density (kW / liter) can be lowered. It is easier to lower the kW / liter because there are no unnecessary materials such as moderators.

[0019] FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a nuclear fuel assembly (230) and a cross-sectional elevation of a nuclear fuel rod (231). The channel box is a stainless steel rectangular frame with rounded corners. The nuclear fuel assembly (230) is composed of a number of nuclear fuel rods (231) bundled together in a square lattice. The nuclear fuel rod (231) is made of alloy nuclear fuel (232) made of metallic uranium and metallic transuranium elements, which is formed into cylindrical alloy nuclear fuel pellets (233) approximately 5 cm in height and 4 cm in diameter, and a number of these pellets are stacked and enclosed in a cladding tube (234) made of stainless steel or a zirconium alloy. The alloy nuclear fuel pellets (233) are fitted with chamfers and dishes. If about 10 alloy nuclear fuel pellets (233) are connected with a fusible metal, they can be easily packed into the cladding tube (234). The fusible metal seeps into the gaps in the cladding tube (234) and improves heat transfer. If the fuel pellets (233) were individually forged into forged pellets, the nuclear fuel density would increase, reducing the risk of high-speed neutrons leaking out, making the reactor more likely to go critical. The diameter of the cladding tube of the nuclear fuel rods loaded in the advanced thermal reactor is about 2.5 cm, and the minimum distance between adjacent cladding tubes is about 1 mm. The diameter of the cladding tube of the nuclear fuel rods loaded in the Tokai Power Station Magnox reactor is about 3.9 cm. The enrichment of transuranium elements was set to be between 10wt% and 6wt% (the upper limit for light water reactor MOX is 10wt%). The fuel assemblies around the core are low-enriched fuel assemblies (1230) with low enrichment of transuranium elements in order to further increase the breeding ratio. The nuclear fuel assembly in the center of the reactor core is a low-enrichment nuclear fuel assembly (1230) with a low enrichment of transuranium elements in order to reduce power output. Adding a lead-bismuth alloy (gallium (Ga) is preferable but is not produced in Japan. Tin, iodine, sulfur or sodium are also acceptable but have inferior performance) to alloy nuclear fuel pellets (233) reduces the temperature difference within the nuclear fuel. Furthermore, since the density of plutonium varies with temperature (there are six phases with different crystal structures), stress distortion can be alleviated. There are many points about plutonium that are not usually mentioned, so care must be taken. To deal with leakage of streaming neutrons, the top of the reactor vessel (100) is covered with a streaming neutron shield.

[0020] The reason why surface-source energy such as solar and wind power is so safe is because its power density is low. Solar cells have a large surface area but almost no height. If they are installed in urban areas, there is a risk of electrocution in the event of an earthquake or fire. Wind power also depends fundamentally on surface area, so there is no point in placing another wind turbine right behind it. If a tornado hits a group of wind turbines, many of the propellers will fly up and fall far away, so it is necessary to leave a wide danger zone.

[0021] As an application example of the first embodiment, it is also possible to use water vapor. Figure 4 is an overview of steam power generation using a heavy noble gas-cooled breeder reactor. The high-temperature heavy rare gas, which receives heat from the nuclear fuel rods (231) and reaches a temperature of 286°C or higher but not exceeding 450°C, flows into the steam generator (600) to generate high-temperature steam. The high-temperature steam is then fed into a light water reactor steam turbine (700) to rotate a generator connected to the light water reactor steam turbine (700) to generate electricity. The low-temperature heavy rare gas flowing out from the steam generator (600) is further cooled in the heavy rare gas cooler (500) and returned to the reactor vessel (100) via the heavy rare gas circulation pump. Low-temperature steam flowing out of a steam turbine (700) such as that used in light water reactors becomes liquid water in the condenser (800) and returns to the steam generator (600) via a light water circulation pump. Example 2

[0022] Example 2 is a spallation neutron driven subcritical breeder reactor. FIG. 5 is an overview of the spallation subcritical core (2200). Figure 6 shows an overview of the fragmented nuclear fuel assembly (2230) and the round and square raw nuclear fuel alloy box (2232). The round-square raw nuclear fuel alloy box (2232) is composed of a stack of multiple round-square raw nuclear fuel alloy plates (2233) made by shaping the raw nuclear fuel alloy (2210) into a round-square shape, a stack of multiple hollow round-square raw nuclear fuel alloy plates (2235) with beam penetration holes on top of that, and a stack of hollow round-square neutron shields (2253) with beam penetration holes on top of that, all of which are stacked inside a round-square covering box (2234) made of stainless steel or a zirconium alloy. A beam tube connecting cylinder (3110) is connected to the top of the round-square raw nuclear fuel alloy box (2232). A mixed proton beam consisting of protons, deuterons, and tritons is converted into a high-speed beam by an external accelerator, and the mixed proton beam is irradiated via a beam tube connection cylinder (3110) onto a round-square raw nuclear fuel alloy dish (2233), spalling the raw nuclear fuel alloy (2210) and releasing a large number of spallation-derived neutrons, which then cause the raw nuclear fuel alloy (2210) to undergo nuclear fission. The reactor operates intermittently, but delayed neutrons can maintain continuous nuclear fission. It can operate at low power but continuously. If it continues to operate at high power, the fissile plutonium (Pu239, Pu241, sometimes including Pu238) will increase. A portion of the output is used to operate the accelerator. Since there are many mixed proton accelerators (in this diagram, there are nine accelerators, so they are operated like a nine-stroke engine. With many accelerators, operation becomes smoother), and as operation time progresses, the mixed proton accelerator in the center of the core is stopped (fissile material multiplies and becomes locally critical), and the peripheral mixed proton accelerators continue to operate to continue reactor operation. When the effective multiplication factor keff also increases and approaches 1.0, operation is stopped. The round square raw nuclear fuel alloy box (2232) may be the same thickness as the raw nuclear fuel alloy rod (2203). By distributing them, the power peak can be dispersed and reduced. The round square nuclear fusion fission box (3232) and the round square nuclear fusion cavity box (4232) in the following embodiment may also be the same thickness as the raw nuclear fuel alloy rod (2203). Example 3

[0023] Example 3 is a nuclear fusion neutron-driven subcritical breeder reactor 1. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the subcritical fusion core 1 (3200). Figure 8 shows an overview of the fusion fuel assembly 1 (3230) and the round-square fusion fission box (3232). The beam tube connection cylinder (3110) is connected to the mixed proton beam tube (3100). A mixed proton beam with a high deuteron content is irradiated onto a round-square target dish (3233) via a beam tube connection cylinder (3110), releasing a large number of fusion-derived neutrons, which then cause nuclear fission in the live nuclear fuel alloy (2210). Example 4

[0024] Example 4 is a nuclear fusion neutron-driven subcritical breeder reactor 2. FIG. 9 is an overview of the subcritical fusion core 2 (4200). The fusion subcritical core 2 (4200) comprises a movable neutron reflector (2241) of means 2, fusion fuel assemblies 2 (4230) arranged in a square lattice, and a heavy rare gas coolant (250). Figure 10 shows an overview of the fusion fuel assembly 2 (4230) and the round-square fusion cavity (4232). Each beam tube connection cylinder (3110) is connected to each of the top and bottom mixed proton beam tubes (3100). A mixed proton beam with a high deuteron content is irradiated from the top beam tube connection cylinder (3110), and a mixed proton beam with a high triton content is irradiated from the bottom beam tube connection cylinder (3110) at the same time, causing the beams to collide with each other inside the round-square fusion cavity (4232), releasing a large number of fusion-derived neutrons. Fission of live nuclear fuel alloy (2210) by fusion-derived neutrons Example 5

[0025] Example 5 is a simple heavy noble gas cooled breeder reactor. Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a simple heavy noble gas cooled breeder reactor. The simple heavy noble gas cooled breeder reactor comprises a control rod drive mechanism installed outside the reactor vessel (100), a movable control hollow column (6500) housed within the reactor vessel (100), a simple core (7200) housed within the reactor vessel (100), and a heavy noble gas coolant (250) surrounding the simple core (7200). The movable control hollow cylinder (6500) is a hollow cylinder made of stainless steel with added boron carbide, and can be moved up and down outside the upper end closed cylinder (6235) described below by the control rod drive mechanism. The simple core (7200) is the nuclear fuel oblate (6230) itself. The nuclear fuel flat body (6230) is formed by sealingly loading grains of the easily fusible heavy metal-added alloy nuclear fuel (6232) described below into a flat covered container (6234). The flat jacketed vessel (6234) is a flat jacketed vessel for loading nuclear fuel. Granules of fusible heavy metal-added alloy nuclear fuel (6232) are contained in the flat part of the flat jacketed vessel (6234) and the closed upper cylinder (6235). There is a space at the top of the closed upper cylinder (6235) to allow the fusible heavy metal-added alloy nuclear fuel (6232) to expand. It is also a reservoir for gaseous fission products. The heavy rare gas coolant (250) flows from the bottom of the reactor vessel (100) through the underside of the nuclear fuel flat (6230), rises up the side of the nuclear fuel flat (6230), passes through the upper surface of the nuclear fuel flat (6230), and flows into the gas turbine (300) from the top of the reactor vessel (100). The low-temperature heavy rare gas flowing out of the gas turbine (300) is cooled in the cooler (500) and returns to the bottom of the reactor vessel (100) via a gas circulation pump. The coolant for the ECCS (emergency core cooling system) is a mixture of BF3 gas and nitrogen gas. Air may also be used. Example 6

[0026] The sixth type of measure is separate submission documents for new construction of nuclear facilities. A comparison was made between ATOM0 and FIRE0, a digitized file of documents for the new siting of existing thermal power plants. The parts that match ATOM0 to FIRE0 are crossed out with a single line and saved as ATOM1 file. The areas with a single visible strikethrough will be treated as NFIRE1 files for new thermal power plant locations, and the areas without a single visible strikethrough will be separated as NATOM1 files for new nuclear power plant locations. In order to reflect the NRATOM of Method 6, a read-only file NATOM2 is created in which the insertion points into NATOM1 are written in red and the deletion points are lined out with an invisible double line, and a read-only encrypted file NATOM3 is created in which the invisible double line parts of NATOM2 are deleted and the red line parts are filled with text. It will be an encrypted USB1 memory stick that stores ATOM0, FIRE0, NFIRE1, ATOM1, NATOM1, NATOM2, and NATOM3. The nuclear reactor of the present invention should be on the same level as a thermal power plant. If it has inherent safety, it should be on the same level as a thermal power plant. [Industrial Applicability]

[0027] In the case of automobiles, new models are announced every year, boosting momentum and technological advances. The basics are almost the same as the Ford Model T. In the case of nuclear reactors, new types of reactors are proposed one after another, boosting momentum. This invention has a low explosive yield but could be a nuclear bomb. It is useful for large-scale civil engineering works such as tunnels, canals, and harbors. There is no need to fear the threat of dropping nuclear bombs. It is not threatening to a country that is primarily defensive. If they threatened to drop hundreds of bombs on Japan, we could only say, "Oh, okay." There would be no point in occupying highly radioactive land. There would be no point in offering tribute. However, there are countries that exist only to maintain dictatorship. Since negotiations will not work, Japan needs to have about 10 domestically produced nuclear bombs. When acquiring nuclear weapons, it is necessary to have enough nuclear knowledge to not be deceived. In addition to securing energy, this invention is useful for acquiring nuclear knowledge to deal with unprovoked nuclear attacks. Alliances can deter war, but allies have their own domestic circumstances, so they can't be relied upon - as we can see from Japan's Sengoku period. Developing nuclear bombs domestically would be politically troublesome, but it would be unsurprising if 10 of the more than 600 nuclear weapons believed to exist in China and North Korea go missing. They could be obtained through illicit routes via a third country. It would be easy to hide them near the borders inland on the Eurasian continent. They would not possess a large number of nuclear weapons, so they would not be used to attack other countries. Ukraine is rich in underground resources, has a high capacity for weapons production and development, and is a vast area. There is an advantage to invading it. It will take time to occupy it, and aid will come in the meantime. On the other hand, Japan has almost nothing. There is no advantage to invading it. All they can do is deceive and threaten the Japanese people through Japanese newspapers, and extort donations through a special member of the Japanese Diet. After getting the milk, the mouse next wants cheese. Even if it becomes impossible to import anything, securing energy is essential. Nuclear reactors are important, regardless of the output per unit. If there is a shortage, the number of units will be increased. The next important thing is to reduce the accumulated amount of spent nuclear fuel, even if only slightly. If nuclear power is not permitted, the only option is to raise the price of electricity generated from LNG and surface energy sources. However, unless we support large and small export companies in generating electricity, there will be a shortage of dollars to import the necessities of life for ordinary people. Nuclear reactors should not be built in places where they are opposed. Most places will be opposed, so an effort must be made to open up all potential sites for construction. Even with natural energy, plans can fall through due to opposition from local residents, even if 99% of Japanese people are in favor of its construction. It would be a waste for the National Diet and local assemblies to come together and provide support to restore former bustle to depopulated areas that are not providing anything to the surrounding cities. Hometown tax payments, which come with prizes such as game consoles, are a waste. However, since GDP is based on waste, it does contribute to a certain extent. Depopulated areas will disappear if you just dig, so within 30 years there will be a large number of candidate sites. Support the production of natural and nuclear energy in big cities so that people can live huddled together on small tracts of land in big cities. Beggars are only found in big cities. They cannot survive in the countryside. Until now, we have listened too much to the voices of the regions. Many prime ministers come from depopulated areas. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0028] [Figure 1] Overview of heavy rare gas cooled reactor and heavy rare gas turbine power generation system [Diagram 2] Overview of the reactor core (200). [Diagram 3] A cross-sectional view of a nuclear fuel assembly (230) and a cross-sectional elevation of a nuclear fuel rod (231). [Figure 4] Overview of steam power generation using a heavy noble gas-cooled breeder reactor. [Diagram 5] Overview of the spallation subcritical core (2200). [Figure 6] Overview of the fragmented nuclear fuel assembly (2230) and the round and square raw nuclear fuel alloy box (2232). [Figure 7] Overview of the subcritical fusion core 1 (3200). [Figure 8] Overview of the fusion fuel assembly 1 (3230) and the round-square fusion fission box (3232). [Figure 9] Overview of the subcritical fusion core 2 (4200). [Figure 10] Overview of the fusion fuel assembly 2 (4230) and the round-square fusion cavity box (4232). [Figure 11] Schematic diagram of a simple heavy noble gas cooled breeder reactor. [Figure 12] Neutron energy dependence ηg of main nuclear fuels. [Figure 13] Typical physical properties of noble gases. [Explanation of symbols]

[0029] 100 is the reactor vessel 200 is the core 210 is a cross-shaped control panel 211 is the control panel 230 is a nuclear fuel assembly 231 is a nuclear fuel rod 232 is an alloy nuclear fuel 233 is an alloy nuclear fuel pellet 234 is cladding tube 250 is heavy rare gas coolant 300 is a gas turbine 400 is a generator 500 is a cooler 600 is a steam generator 700 is a steam turbine 800 is the condenser 1230 is a low-enrichment nuclear fuel assembly 1240 is a coordinating fuel assembly 2200 is a subcritical core using nuclear spallation 2203 is a raw nuclear fuel alloy rod 2210 is a raw nuclear fuel alloy 2230 is a fragmented nuclear fuel assembly 2231 is a raw nuclear fuel alloy pellet 2232 is a round square raw nuclear fuel alloy box 2233 is a round and square raw nuclear fuel alloy plate 2234 is a round square covered box 2235 is a hollow round square raw nuclear fuel alloy plate 2241 is a movable neutron reflector 2242 is the neutron reflector drive mechanism 2253 is a hollow round square neutron shield 3100 is a mixed proton beam tube 3110 is a beam tube connecting cylinder 3200 is a subcritical core for nuclear fusion 1 3230 is a nuclear fusion fuel assembly 1 3232 is a round square fusion fission box 3233 is a round square target plate 4200 is a subcritical core for nuclear fusion 2 4230 is a nuclear fusion fuel assembly 2 4232 is a round-square fusion cavity box 6230 is a flattened nuclear fuel 6232 is a fusible heavy metal alloy nuclear fuel 6234 is a flat coated container 6235 is a closed cylinder 6500 is a movable control hollow cylinder 7200 is a simple core

Claims

1. The heavy rare gas cooled breeder reactor gas turbine power generation system comprises a heavy rare gas cooled breeder reactor, a plurality of gas turbines (300), a generator (400) connected to the gas turbines (300), a cooler (500) connected to the gas turbines (300), and a gas circulation pump; The heavy rare gas cooled breeder reactor comprises a control rod drive mechanism installed outside the reactor vessel (100) and a reactor core (200) housed within the reactor vessel (100). The core (200) is composed of nuclear fuel assemblies (230) adjacent to cross-shaped control plates (210) arranged in a square lattice, and a heavy rare gas coolant (250); The nuclear fuel assembly (230) is composed of a number of nuclear fuel rods (231) bundled together in a square lattice shape. The nuclear fuel rod (231) is made by forming the alloy nuclear fuel (232) described below into cylindrical alloy nuclear fuel pellets (233) several centimeters in height, and stacking and encasing a large number of them in a cladding tube (234) which is a sheath made of stainless steel or a zirconium alloy. The alloy nuclear fuel (232) is an alloy having an enrichment of uranium and transuranium elements between 10 wt% and 6 wt%, The heavy rare gas coolant (250) receives heat from the nuclear fuel rods (231) and becomes a high-temperature heavy rare gas (450 degrees Celsius or less and 286 degrees Celsius or more), which flows into the gas turbine (300). The low-temperature heavy rare gas flowing out of the gas turbine (300) is further cooled in the cooler (500) and returns to the reactor vessel (100) via a gas circulation pump. A heavy rare gas cooled breeder reactor gas turbine power generation system, characterized in that a generator (400) connected to the gas turbine (300) is rotated to generate electricity.

2. The spallation neutron driven subcritical breeder reactor comprises a neutron reflector drive mechanism (2242) installed outside the reactor vessel (100) of claim 1, an accelerator installed outside the reactor vessel (100) of claim 1, and a spallation utilization subcritical core (2200) built into the reactor vessel (100) of claim 1, The spallation subcritical core (2200) comprises a movable neutron reflector (2241), spalled nuclear fuel assemblies (2230) arranged in a square lattice, and a heavy rare gas coolant (250); The fragmented nuclear fuel assembly (2230) is composed of a number of raw nuclear fuel alloy rods (2203) and round and square raw nuclear fuel alloy boxes (2232) bundled together in a square lattice shape. The raw nuclear fuel alloy rod (2203) is made by forming raw nuclear fuel alloy (2210), which is an alloy reprocessed from spent oxide nuclear fuel from a light water reactor, into cylindrical raw nuclear fuel alloy pellets (2231), and stacking and containing a large number of such pellets in a cladding tube (234); The round and square raw nuclear fuel alloy box (2232) is a stack of multiple round and square raw nuclear fuel alloy plates (2233) made by forming the raw nuclear fuel alloy (2210) into a round and square shape, on top of which are stacked multiple hollow round and square raw nuclear fuel alloy plates (2235) with beam penetration holes, and on top of that are stacked hollow round and square neutron shields (2253) with beam penetration holes, all of which are stacked within a round and square covering box (2234) which is a box made of stainless steel or a zirconium alloy; A beam tube connecting cylinder (3110) is connected to the top of the round-square raw nuclear fuel alloy container (2232), The beam tube connection cylinder (3110) is connected to the mixed proton beam tube (3100); A spallation neutron driven subcritical breeder reactor characterized in that a mixed proton beam consisting of mixed protons consisting of protons, deuterons, and tritons accelerated by an accelerator installed outside is converted into a high-speed beam and irradiated onto a round-square raw nuclear fuel alloy plate (2233) via a beam tube connecting cylinder (3110), thereby spalling the raw nuclear fuel alloy (2210) and releasing a large number of spallation-derived neutrons, and the spallation-derived neutrons cause nuclear fission in the round-square raw nuclear fuel alloy plate (2233).

3. The fusion neutron-driven subcritical breeder reactor 1 comprises a neutron reflector drive mechanism (2242) installed outside the reactor vessel (100) of claim 1, an accelerator of claim 2, and a fusion-utilizing subcritical core 1 (3200) built into the reactor vessel (100) of claim 1, The nuclear fusion subcritical core 1 (3200) comprises a movable neutron reflector (2241) according to claim 2, nuclear fusion fuel assemblies 1 (3230) arranged in a square lattice, and a heavy rare gas coolant (250), The nuclear fusion fuel assembly 1 (3230) is composed of a number of raw nuclear fuel alloy rods (2203) and round and square nuclear fusion fission boxes (3232) bundled together in a square lattice shape, The round-square nuclear fusion and fission box (3232) is a stack of multiple round-square raw nuclear fuel alloy plates (2233) made by forming the raw nuclear fuel alloy (2210) of claim 2 into a round-square shape, a stack of round-square target plates (3233) made of lithium 6 deuteride on top of that, a stack of multiple hollow round-square raw nuclear fuel alloy plates (2235) with beam penetration holes on top of that, and a stack of hollow round-square neutron shields (2253) with beam penetration holes on top of that, all of which are stacked and contained in a round-square covering box (2234) which is a box made of stainless steel or a zirconium alloy; A beam tube connecting cylinder (3110) is connected to the top of the round-square nuclear fusion fission box (3232); The beam tube connection cylinder (3110) is connected to the mixed proton beam tube (3100); A fusion neutron-driven subcritical breeder reactor 1, characterized in that a mixed proton beam having a high deuteron content in the mixed proton beam of claim 2 is irradiated onto a round-square target dish (3233) via a beam tube connection cylinder (3110), thereby releasing a large number of fusion-derived neutrons, and causing nuclear fission in a live nuclear fuel alloy (2210) by the fusion-derived neutrons.

4. The fusion neutron-driven subcritical breeder reactor 2 comprises a neutron reflector drive mechanism (2242) of claim 2, an accelerator of claim 2, and a fusion-utilizing subcritical core 2 (4200) built into the reactor vessel (100) of claim 1, The nuclear fusion subcritical core 2 (4200) comprises a movable neutron reflector (2241) according to claim 2, nuclear fusion fuel assemblies 2 (4230) arranged in a square lattice, and a heavy rare gas coolant (250), The nuclear fusion fuel assembly 2 (4230) is composed of a number of raw nuclear fuel alloy rods (2203) and round and square nuclear fusion cavity boxes (4232) bundled together in a square lattice shape. The round-square nuclear fusion cavity box (4232) is made by connecting the beam tube connection cylinder (3110) to the top and bottom of the round-square covering box (2234); Each beam tube connection cylinder (3110) is connected to each mixed proton beam tube (3100) at the top and bottom, A fusion neutron-driven subcritical breeder reactor 2, characterized in that a mixed proton beam with a high deuteron content is irradiated from the top beam tube connection cylinder (3110), and a mixed proton beam with a high triton content is irradiated from the bottom beam tube connection cylinder (3110) at the same time, causing the beams to collide with each other in a round-square fusion cavity (4232), releasing a large number of fusion-derived neutrons, and causing nuclear fission in a live nuclear fuel alloy (2210) by the fusion-derived neutrons.

5. The simple heavy rare gas cooled breeder reactor comprises a control rod drive mechanism installed outside the reactor vessel (100), a movable control hollow column (6500) housed in the reactor vessel (100), a simple core (7200) housed in the reactor vessel (100), and a heavy rare gas coolant (250) around the simple core (7200); The movable control hollow cylinder (6500) is a hollow cylinder made of stainless steel with added boron carbide, and can be moved up and down on the outside of the upper end closed cylinder (6235) described later by the control rod drive mechanism. The simple core (7200) is a nuclear fuel flat (6230), The nuclear fuel flat body (6230) is formed by sealingly loading granules of the easily meltable heavy metal-added alloy nuclear fuel (6232) described below into a flat covered container (6234), The flat covered vessel (6234) is composed of a number of closed cylinders (6235) laid on the top of a flat vessel, and particles of fusible heavy metal-added alloy nuclear fuel (6232) are embedded in the flat vessel and in the closed cylinders (6235), The fusible heavy metal-added alloy nuclear fuel (6232) is a granular nuclear fuel obtained by removing uranium metal from raw nuclear fuel alloy (2210) to adjust the enrichment of transuranium metals to 10 wt% or less, and adding a fusible heavy metal, A simple heavy rare gas cooled breeder reactor, characterized in that the heavy rare gas coolant (250) flows from the bottom of the reactor vessel (100) through the underside of the nuclear fuel flat (6230), up the side of the nuclear fuel flat (6230), through the upper surface of the nuclear fuel flat (6230), into the gas turbine (300) from the top of the reactor vessel (100), and returns to the bottom of the reactor vessel (100) via a gas circulation pump.

6. The documents that a limited liability agent intending to install a nuclear facility as described in claims 1 to 5 must submit to the national government, local governments, and public institutions are as follows: A digitalized read-only file ATOM0 for documents related to the new site of an existing nuclear power plant, and a modified read-only file NRATOM for the nuclear reactor facility of the present invention, The insertion points in ATOM0 that reflect the NRATOM are written in red, and the deletion points are lined out with double invisible lines, creating a read-only file, ATOM1. ATOM2 is a read-only encrypted file with the double underlined parts of ATOM1 removed and the red underlined parts changed to black. A package of documents to be submitted for the construction of a new nuclear facility, characterized by being submitted on an encrypted USB memory stick that stores ATOM0, NRATOM, ATOM1, and ATOM2.

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