Manufacturing method of component, manufacturing method of structure, and component

Abstract

To provide a method, etc. of manufacturing a component useful when employing the remaining formwork method.SOLUTION: One aspect of the disclosure relates to a method of manufacturing a component that constitutes at least part of a remaining formwork, where the component includes a panel part and a reinforcement part different from the panel part. Provided is the method of manufacturing the component, the method including: a panel part formation step of forming the panel part by discharging from a nozzle of a 3D printer a first molding material mineralized through hydration reaction, polymerization reaction, or calcination; and a reinforcement part formation step of forming the reinforcement part by discharging from the nozzle of a 3D printer a second molding material mineralized through hydration reaction, polymerization reaction, or calcination.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a member, a method for manufacturing a structure, and a member. [Background technology]

[0002] The remaining formwork is a member into which concrete is poured to form a structure. Metal materials and wood are known as materials that can form the remaining formwork. For example, Patent Document 1 shows a remaining formwork panel having a panel body formed into a plate shape by bonding wood chips and urethane powder with an adhesive.

[0003] Meanwhile, in recent years, there has been active development of technology that uses mortar materials and the like for additive modeling (additive manufacturing). The remaining formwork needs to be designed each time according to the shape of the concrete structure, and it is expected that using such mortar materials and the like in the additive modeling process to form the remaining formwork will contribute to shortening the design and manufacturing process. Patent Document 2 shows a method for constructing a structure that includes a process of spraying a spraying material onto a cylindrical base layer produced by layering using a 3D printer to form a surface layer. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] JP 2003-138580 A [Patent Document 2] Patent Publication No. 2021-195731 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, there remains a demand for a technology that can balance the functionality of the remaining formwork with production efficiency when producing concrete structures, etc.

[0006] In view of the above circumstances, the present invention provides a method for producing a member that is useful when using the residual formwork method. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing a member that constitutes at least a part of a remaining formwork, the member having a panel portion and a reinforcing portion different from the panel portion, the method for manufacturing the member comprising a panel portion formation step of forming the panel portion by ejecting a first modeling material that mineralizes via hydration reaction, polymerization reaction or calcination from a nozzle of a 3D printer, and a reinforcing portion formation step of forming the reinforcing portion by ejecting a second modeling material that mineralizes via hydration reaction, polymerization reaction or calcination from the nozzle of the 3D printer.

[0008] According to the above aspect, a method for producing a member useful when using the residual formwork method, etc. is provided. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a remaining formwork to which the member of the first embodiment is applied. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a member according to the first embodiment. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a member according to the first embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a member according to the first embodiment. [Diagram 5] FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a member according to the first embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a member according to a third embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a member according to a third embodiment. [Figure 8] FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a remaining formwork of the fourth embodiment. [Figure 9] FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a remaining formwork of the fifth embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0010] Hereinafter, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in the form of first to sixth embodiments. Note that the various features shown in the following embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0011] [First embodiment] That is, the manufacturing method according to the first embodiment is as follows. A method for manufacturing a member constituting at least a part of a remaining formwork, comprising the steps of: The member includes a panel portion and a reinforcing portion different from the panel portion, A method for manufacturing the component includes the steps of: A panel portion forming process in which a first modeling material that is mineralized via a hydration reaction, a polymerization reaction, or a firing is ejected from a nozzle of a 3D printer to form the panel portion; A reinforcing part formation process in which a second modeling material that is mineralized via a hydration reaction, a polymerization reaction, or a firing is ejected from a nozzle of a 3D printer to form the reinforcing part; A manufacturing method comprising: The manufacturing method of this embodiment and the member manufactured by this manufacturing method will be described below.

[0012] First, the remaining formwork to which the members manufactured in this embodiment are applied will be described. FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the remaining formwork to which the members of the first embodiment are applied. Note that FIG. 1 shows the remaining formwork 1 as observed from above. The remaining formwork 1 shown in FIG. 1 is composed of a combination of multiple members (members 10A, 10B, 20A, etc.). Note that, although not shown in detail in FIG. 1, members 10A and 20A, and members 20A and 10B may be connected by connecting members not shown.

[0013] The member (any of the members) manufactured in this embodiment is characterized by having a panel portion and a reinforcing portion. Here, among the members of this embodiment, the panel portion is characterized by being formed by ejecting a first modeling material that is mineralized via hydration reaction, polymerization reaction, or firing from the nozzle of a 3D printer. Also, the reinforcing portion is characterized by being formed by ejecting a second modeling material that is mineralized via hydration reaction, polymerization reaction, or firing from the nozzle of a 3D printer.

[0014] In other words, the member of this embodiment is a member constituting at least a part of the remaining formwork, and this member is provided with a panel part which is an additively shaped product of the shaping material which is mineralized via hydration, polymerization, or firing, and a reinforcing part which is different from the panel part and is an additively shaped product of the shaping material which is mineralized via hydration, polymerization, or firing. Since the panel part constituting such a member is an additively shaped product, it typically has a layered structure constituted by the shaping material used (however, the layered structure may not be visible or otherwise visible). As described above, there is a technology for forming the remaining formwork (or a member constituting the remaining formwork) by an additive shaping process, but there is still room for development in terms of forming a stable formwork. For this reason, in order to balance the function as the remaining formwork and the production efficiency when manufacturing a concrete structure or the like, a predetermined reinforcing part is provided as the member in this embodiment.

[0015] Incidentally, such a remaining formwork 1 is typically used to manufacture a structure (concrete structure, etc.). Specifically, a predetermined structure can be manufactured by filling the inside of the remaining formwork 1 with a filler (by pouring concrete, etc.). Incidentally, the "inside of the remaining formwork 1" refers to a closed area defined by various members (member 10A, member 10B, member 20B, etc.). That is, by filling the inside of the formwork 1A in FIG. 1 with a filler (by pouring concrete, etc.), a structure in which the remaining formwork 1 and the filler are integrated can be obtained. Incidentally, in this integrated structure, the filler may be a material that has hardened after filling. That is, according to the method for manufacturing the above-mentioned member, a predetermined member can be manufactured, but in this embodiment, the manufacturing method of the structure shown below can also be realized. Incidentally, the filler here may be concrete, grout, etc.

[0016] A method for manufacturing a structure, comprising: preparing a component obtained by the manufacturing method described in this embodiment; forming a residual formwork using the member; filling the remaining formwork with a filler; A method for manufacturing a concrete structure comprising the steps of:

[0017] Since the member of this embodiment has a predetermined reinforcing portion, it can contribute to improving the strength of the remaining formwork even when carrying out the manufacturing method of the structure described above.

[0018] More specific aspects of the members of this embodiment will be described below with reference to examples.

[0019] (Component (1)) Fig. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a member of the first embodiment. The member 10C shown in Fig. 2 includes a panel portion 101 and a rib 103 corresponding to a reinforcing portion. The panel portion 101 has a first surface, which is a surface that contacts the filler when the filler is filled into the remaining formwork. Fig. 2 shows the state in which the plane of the member 10C is observed from the first surface. A manufacturing method of such a member (1) will be described in detail below.

[0020] As described above, in the manufacturing method of the first embodiment, the panel unit 101 is formed by ejecting a first modeling material, which is mineralized via a hydration reaction, a polymerization reaction, or a calcination, from the nozzle of a 3D printer (panel unit forming process). In other words, the panel unit 101 is composed of a modeled object (typically a mineralized object) of a modeling material (first modeling material) that is mineralized via a hydration reaction, a polymerization reaction, or a calcination. In this specification, "mineralization" refers to the modeling material becoming a crystalline solid.

[0021] Such modeling can be performed using an additive manufacturing device (3D printer). The additive manufacturing device is a type of industrial robot that uses 3D data created by a computer as a design drawing and stacks cross-sectional shapes to create a three-dimensional object. The additive manufacturing device may be a commercially available product or a known device. More specifically, the above-mentioned modeling can be performed by filling a tank provided in the additive manufacturing device with concrete, mortar, ceramic-based material, or the like (modeling material) and extruding the modeling material from a nozzle provided in the additive manufacturing device.

[0022] The above-mentioned modeling material (first modeling material) may typically be mortar, concrete, or a ceramic material. From the viewpoint of stabilizing the manufacturing process, the modeling material may be, for example, a combination of materials selected from the following binder (A), fine aggregate (B), admixture (C), and fiber material (D) (mortar).

[0023] ·Binding material (A) The molding material of the present embodiment may contain a binder (A). Here, the binder (A) is a general term for inorganic materials that contribute to the strength development of mortar or concrete. Note that such a binder (A) gives a predetermined crystal (mineral) by undergoing a hydration reaction.

[0024] Here, the binder (A) may contain a cement component (A1). The cement component (A1) may contain a component selected from the group consisting of ordinary Portland cement, moderate-heat Portland cement, low-heat Portland cement, high-early-strength Portland cement, sulfate-resistant Portland cement, blast-furnace cement, and fly ash cement.

[0025] In addition, the binder (A) may contain an admixture (A2). The admixture (A2) may contain a component selected from the group consisting of fly ash, blast furnace slag (fine) powder, limestone (fine) powder, stone powder, silica fume, and an expansive material (lime composite expansive material). These admixtures (A2) are typically mixed in combination with the above-mentioned cement component (A1), but the binder (A) may be composed of only these admixtures (A2).

[0026] The binder (A) may be used alone or in combination of two or more. When using two or more types in combination, binders having different particle sizes may be mixed.

[0027] Fine aggregate (B) The molding material of this embodiment may contain fine aggregate (B). In this embodiment, fine aggregate (B) refers to aggregate that passes entirely through a 10 mm mesh sieve and 85% or more by mass through a 5 mm mesh sieve (JIS A 0203:2014).

[0028] The type of fine aggregate (B) may be appropriately determined depending on the application, etc. As an example, the fine aggregate (B) may contain one or more components selected from the group consisting of sand, mountain sand, land sand, sea sand, silica sand, crushed sand, and slag fine aggregate. These fine aggregates (B) may be used alone or in combination of two or more types. When using in combination of two or more types, fine aggregates with different particle sizes may be mixed.

[0029] Admixtures that impart thixotropy (C) The molding material of this embodiment may contain an admixture (C) that imparts thixotropy. This admixture (C) can contribute to improving the thixotropy of concrete or mortar. The admixture (C) does not correspond to the above-mentioned binder (A) or fine aggregate (B), and refers to any agent that contributes to improving the thixotropy of the resulting concrete or mortar.

[0030] The admixture (C) may be appropriately selected from known materials capable of imparting the above-mentioned properties. Although not necessarily limited thereto, the admixture (C) may be an organic compound having a polar group in its chemical structure. The polar group here may be a monovalent group having a heteroatom such as a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a hydrosulfur group, or an amino group, or a divalent bond (linking group) having a heteroatom such as a urethane bond, an amide bond, a urea bond, an ester bond, a carbonyl bond, an ether bond, or a thioester bond. These polar groups allow the organic compound described above to exert an intermolecular interaction, which makes it easier to impart thixotropy to the modeling material. On the other hand, the admixture (C) may be an inorganic compound such as a silicate (layered silicate) or a clay. The admixture (C) may also be a low molecular weight compound (e.g., a molecular weight of 1000 or less) or a high molecular weight compound (e.g., a molecular weight of more than 1000). As an example, the thixotropic admixture (C) may include one or more components selected from the group consisting of cellulose, modified cellulose, minerals, nanofibers, urethane, xanthan gum, diutan gum, starch ether, guar gum, polyacrylamide, carrageenan gum, agar, protein, and latex.

[0031] Examples of modified cellulose that can be used as the admixture (C) of this embodiment include carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, and hydroxypropyl cellulose. Although cellulose and the modified cellulose described above are usually in a fibrous form, they are treated as the admixture (C) in this specification because they have a high effect of imparting thixotropy.

[0032] Examples of minerals that can be used as the admixture (C) in this embodiment include clay minerals such as attapulgite, bentonite, montmorillonite, kaolin, and sepiolite.

[0033] Examples of nanofibers that can be used as the admixture (C) of this embodiment include carbon nanofibers, cellulose nanofibers, etc. Although these nanofibers are usually in a fibrous form, they are treated as the admixture (C) in this specification because they have a high effect of imparting thixotropy.

[0034] Examples of synthetic fibers that can be used as the admixture (C) in this embodiment include polyolefin compounds such as polypropylene and polyethylene, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyvinyl acetate.

[0035] Examples of urethane usable as the admixture (C) of this embodiment include various urethane-based thickeners used as urethane-based associative thickeners. Examples of the urethane-based associative thickeners include "Thixostar" manufactured by Japan Materials Technology Co., Ltd., "Adekanol" series manufactured by ADEKA Corporation, and "SN Thickener" series manufactured by San Nopco Ltd.

[0036] Proteins that can be used as the admixture (C) of this embodiment include amino acid condensates having a predetermined molecular weight.

[0037] Examples of the latex that can be used as the admixture (C) in this embodiment include chloroprene rubber latex and acrylic latex.

[0038] Fiber materials (D) The molding material of this embodiment may also contain a fiber material (D). By appropriately adding this fiber material (D), it is possible to contribute to improving the strength of the resulting molded object, and to achieve a balance between lamination properties and pumpability. Note that the fiber material (D) in this specification does not correspond to the components listed as the thickener (C).

[0039] The type of the fiber material (D) can be appropriately set. As an example, the fiber material (D) may include at least one fiber material selected from the group consisting of metal fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, PP (polypropylene) fiber, PVA (polyvinyl acetate) fiber, PE (polyethylene) fiber, glass fiber, nylon fiber, and PBO (polybenzoxazole) fiber.

[0040] In addition, the fiber material (D) may include a fiber material of natural origin. Examples of such a fiber material of natural origin include fiber materials derived from plants and fiber materials derived from animals. Here, the "plant" in the fiber material derived from plants includes bamboo grass, bamboo, hemp, rice, wheat, etc., which can provide fiber materials industrially. Also, the "animal" in the fiber material derived from animals typically includes sheep, etc.

[0041] The fiber length (average fiber length) of the fiber material (D) is preferably in the range of 1 to 30 mm, more preferably in the range of 3 to 25 mm, and most preferably in the range of 5 to 20 mm. The content of the fiber material (D) in the molding material can be appropriately set depending on the application. When the molding material contains a binder (A) and a fine aggregate (B), the content of the fiber material (D) may be in the range of 0.5 to 2.5 parts by volume, 0.6 to 2.2 parts by volume, or 0.7 to 1.9 parts by volume, when the total of the binder (A) and the fine aggregate (B) is 100 parts by volume. By setting the content in such a range, the hardening property of the molding material and the improvement of the mechanical properties of the obtained molded object can be well balanced.

[0042] Other Ingredients In addition, the molding material of this embodiment may contain other components other than the above-mentioned components (A) to (D) in order to impart desired properties. Examples of other components include rheology modifiers (including water-reducing agents, dispersants, and fluidizing agents, and referring to components other than the above-mentioned component (C)), antifoaming agents, setting retarders, gas foaming substances, setting regulators, air-entraining agents, water-absorbing polymers, rust inhibitors, water repellents, antibacterial agents, colorants, antifreeze agents, anion exchangers such as hydrotalcite, moisturizing agents such as urea, and various aggregates. The amounts of these components to be blended are arbitrary.

[0043] In addition, the molding material of this embodiment preferably contains a rheology modifier. By appropriately containing this rheology modifier, it is possible to balance the lamination property and pumpability of the molding material. In one embodiment, the rheology modifier may be a polycarboxylic acid-based rheology modifier or a melamine-based rheology modifier. The amount of these rheology modifiers is preferably 0.01 to 3 parts by mass, more preferably 0.03 to 1 part by mass, and most preferably 0.05 to 0.5 parts by mass, when the total mass of the binder (A) and the fine aggregate (B) is 100 parts by mass. In addition, this rheology modifier may also be called a "water reducing agent", a "dispersant", or a "fluidizing agent".

[0044] In addition, when preparing mortar, water is usually mixed in addition to the above-mentioned components (A) to (D). When concrete is used as a molding material, coarse aggregate and the like may be further added.

[0045] The molding material may be a material that is mineralized by going through a polymerization reaction. A typical example of such a material that is mineralized by going through a polymerization reaction is geopolymer concrete. That is, the molding material of this embodiment may be a combination of an amorphous material and an alkaline solution. The amorphous material here includes fly ash, blast furnace slag, and the like. The material that is mineralized by going through such a polymerization reaction may also include various components that can be contained in the mortar described above.

[0046] The modeling material may also be a ceramic-based material. Typically, such ceramic-based materials are converted to minerals through firing. The ceramic-based material is appropriately selected from known materials that can be used in additive modeling processes, and may be, for example, zirconia, hydroxyapatite, aluminum nitride, alumina-reinforced zirconia, alumina, silicon nitride, cordierite, etc. The ceramic-based material may also contain various components that can be contained in the mortar described above.

[0047] In one embodiment, the molding material (the first molding material and / or the second molding material described later) preferably contains a fiber material (D). By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to contribute to further improving the strength of the remaining formwork. Such a fiber material may typically be nylon fiber. This makes it easy to impart toughness to the obtained member. In addition, it is preferable that the fiber material that can be contained in the molding material satisfies the above-mentioned fiber length (average fiber length).

[0048] In one embodiment, the first molding material and / or the second molding material described below is mortar, and it is preferable that it satisfies one or more of the various parameters shown below ((Requirement 1) to (Requirement 4)). This can contribute to improving the strength of the obtained member and the strength of the remaining formwork to be produced. In addition, while not limited to the following, examples of how to satisfy such various parameters include selecting a type of binder (A) that improves the toughness of the hardened product and incorporating a fibrous material (D) into the mortar.

[0049] (Requirement 1) That is, the first and / or second molding materials, mortar, are used to prepare a test specimen conforming to JIS A1108:2018, and when the compressive strength of the test specimen is measured, the measured value is 60 N / mm 2 It is preferable that the resistance is 70N / mm or more. 2 More preferably, it is 80N / mm 2 More preferably, the above is true.

[0050] (Requirement 2) In addition, the first and / or second molding materials, mortar, are used to prepare a test specimen conforming to JIS A1106:2018, and when the bending strength of the test specimen is measured, the measured value is 8N / mm 2 It is preferable that the resistance is 10N / mm or more. 2 More preferably, it is 12 N / mm 2 More preferably, the above is true.

[0051] (Requirement 3) In addition, when a specimen conforming to JSCE-G552 is prepared using the mortar as the first and / or second molding material, and the bending toughness coefficient of the specimen is measured, the measured value is 2.9 N / mm 2 It is preferable that the resistance is 3.4N / mm or more. 2 More preferably, it is 3.9 N / mm 2 More preferably, the above is true.

[0052] (Requirement 4) In addition, when a specimen conforming to JSCE-G553 is prepared using the mortar as the first and / or second molding material and the shear strength of the specimen is measured, the measured value is 8.5 N / mm 2 It is preferable that the resistance is 10N / mm or more. 2 More preferably, it is 11.5N / mm 2 More preferably, the above is true.

[0053] Moreover, in a typical example, in the panel unit forming process, the nozzle is relatively moved along the first axis to form the first surface of the panel unit. That is, FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which the first surface of the panel unit 101 is formed by relatively moving the nozzle along the short side direction. In this case, a groove 102 extending along the first axis is formed on the first surface. Note that this embodiment of "relatively moving the nozzle" can include both an embodiment in which the nozzle itself is moved to obtain a molded object, and an embodiment in which the molded object or a stage on which the molded object is placed is moved.

[0054] Subsequently, in the reinforcing portion forming step, a reinforcing portion is formed at a position in contact with the first surface of the panel portion 101 formed in the panel portion forming step. This reinforcing portion is provided at a position in contact with the first surface of the panel portion 101, and may be various structures capable of reinforcing the entire structure of the member 10C. A typical example of the reinforcing portion is a rib 103 provided at a position in contact with the first surface. The material constituting the reinforcing portion provided on the first surface of the member (1) is a reinforcing material made of a second molding material as described later. The structure of the reinforcing material as viewed from the normal direction of the first surface may be a linear structure as shown in FIG. 2, or may be a curved structure, a lattice structure, a honeycomb structure, or the like. During the reinforcing portion forming step, the first surface of the panel portion 101 may face any direction. For example, the panel portion 101 may be parallel to the ground (typically, the first surface is the top surface of the panel portion 101) or may be perpendicular to the ground (typically, the first surface is the side surface of the panel portion 101). From the standpoint of ease of carrying out the reinforcing portion forming process, it is preferable that the panel portion 101 be parallel to the ground (typically with the first surface being the top surface of the panel portion 101) during the reinforcing portion forming process.

[0055] In addition, when the rib 103 is formed at a position in contact with the first surface as described above, the rib 103 is preferably formed along the longitudinal direction of the panel portion 101. By adopting such a method, the strength of the member 10C can be improved more effectively.

[0056] Although the thickness of the panel portion 101 is not shown in FIG. 2, the thickness of the panel portion 101 can be appropriately set depending on the application of the remaining formwork. That is, the thickness of the panel portion 101 may be substantially uniform over the entire area of ​​the panel surface, or the thickness may be changed in a part of the panel surface. In one preferred embodiment, the thickness of the panel portion 101 is preferably wider from the top to the bottom when the remaining formwork is formed from the member 10C. When a structure such as a concrete structure is formed using the remaining formwork, the lower portion of the remaining formwork tends to be more susceptible to pressure. In contrast, by setting the thickness of the panel portion 101 so that the thickness is wider from the top to the bottom as described above, the panel portion 101 can more easily withstand the applied pressure.

[0057] In this embodiment, the reinforcing portion is formed by ejecting the second modeling material from a nozzle of a 3D printer (reinforcing portion forming process). When forming the rib 103 as described above as the reinforcing part, the reinforcing part formation process can be performed by forming the reinforcing part by ejecting a second modeling material, which is mineralized via a hydration reaction, a polymerization reaction, or a calcination, from the nozzle of a 3D printer onto the first surface. The second modeling material may have the same composition as the first modeling material described above, or may have a different composition from the first modeling material. From the viewpoint of making the process of manufacturing the member more efficient, it is preferable that the first modeling material and the second modeling material have the same composition.

[0058] In the case of the member 10C shown in FIG. 2, the reinforcing portion forming step may be performed by forming a reinforcing portion (rib 103) on the first surface so as to fill the groove 102 while relatively moving the nozzle along a second axis intersecting the first axis. When a structure having the groove 102 as shown in the member 10C is used for the remaining formwork, there is a concern that destruction may progress from the groove 102 when forming a structure (concrete structure, etc.). In response to this, by providing a reinforcing portion (rib 103) along the second axis as described above, the strength of the remaining formwork can be efficiently improved. Note that the "intersection" here does not necessarily have to be 90° as shown in FIG. 2. In other words, the angle between the first axis and the second axis may be in the range of 90±45°, 90±30°, or 90±15°.

[0059] In addition, when the reinforcing portion is formed with the second modeling material, it is preferable that the second modeling material contains the above-mentioned fiber material (D). By including the fiber material (D) in the second modeling material in this way, it is possible to further improve the strength of the rib 103. In addition, by including the fiber material (D) in the second modeling material and moving the nozzle appropriately, it is possible to form the rib 103 while orienting the fiber material (D) in a desired direction. In particular, by ejecting the second modeling material containing the fiber material (D) from the nozzle along the longitudinal direction of the panel portion 101 (perpendicular to the short direction), it is possible to improve the strength of the member 10C in a balanced manner.

[0060] In addition, when such a member 10C (panel portion 101 and rib 103) is manufactured by a 3D printer, for example, the following process is performed. That is, first, the overall shape of the object is designed in advance. In addition, a code for controlling the 3D printer to print the designed object is designed in advance. Examples of the code format include STL, G-code, OBJ, 3MF, VRML, 3DS, AMF, etc. In addition, in this embodiment, the code designed in this way may include information on the material for printing (composition, specific gravity, hardening speed, etc.). Examples of the code format including such information on the material include 3MF and AMF, and the accuracy of the shape of the object to be actually produced can be improved by simulating the object to be printed by the code once designed.

[0061] In a more typical example, a member is manufactured based on a first code and a second code described below. That is, the panel portion 101 may be formed by controlling a 3D printer by a first code designed in advance, and the reinforcing portion (rib 103) may be formed by controlling a 3D printer by a second code designed in advance.

[0062] Here, the first code may include information on the first modeling material, and the second code may be designed based on a characteristic value related to the mechanical strength of the panel portion 101 calculated from the information on the first modeling material. That is, when the first code designed for the panel portion 101 includes information on the modeling material, the characteristic value related to the mechanical strength of the panel portion 101 can be calculated. From this, the second code for modeling the reinforcing portion (rib 103) may be designed based on such a characteristic value. That is, a 3D printer is controlled based on these first code and second code, and a member including the panel portion 101 and the reinforcing portion (rib 103) can be efficiently manufactured. The above-mentioned first code and second code are not necessarily designed independently, and may be designed integrally. In addition, the above-mentioned characteristic value may be various values ​​capable of evaluating the mechanical strength, and may be, for example, the second moment of area or the section modulus of the first surface of the panel portion 101.

[0063] In addition, in the case of modeling, the code can be added, edited, etc. in a post-process according to the environment or conditions of the modeling site. In addition, the code (for example, input information such as modeling speed other than the path) may be adjusted in real time during modeling.

[0064] The member (1) may have a structure as shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a member of the first embodiment. The member 10D shown in Fig. 3 includes a panel portion 111, a rib 112 corresponding to a reinforcing portion, a bottom portion 113, and a through hole 114.

[0065] The panel portion 111 may be formed in the same manner as the panel portion 101 in the member 10C shown in Fig. 2, and the rib 112 may be formed in the same manner as the rib 103 in the member 10C. Note that, although Fig. 3 does not show the stacking direction of the molding material in the panel portion 111, this stacking direction may be set arbitrarily (typically, when the remaining formwork is formed by the member 10D, the panel portion 111 may be formed by stacking the molding material so as to extend from the bottom to the top).

[0066] In the member 10D, the ribs 112 are formed in a stepped (zigzag) shape, which can efficiently improve the strength of the panel portion 111. The shape of the ribs 112 is not limited to the shape shown in Fig. 3, and can be set appropriately.

[0067] The member 10D has a bottom 113 as an optional configuration. The bottom 113 may be made of various materials. For example, the bottom 113 may be formed by preparing a plate made of various materials and joining it to the panel portion 111. On the other hand, the bottom 113 may be configured to be formed together with the panel portion 111. That is, the bottom 113 may also be formed of the first modeling material like the panel portion 111.

[0068] Moreover, in the member 10D, the rib 112 has a feature that, when a remaining form is formed by the member 10D, the rib 112 has a through hole 114 extending from above to below. Although not limited thereto, a method of filling the filler from the lower part of the rib 112 is assumed when manufacturing a structure in which the remaining form is filled with the filler as described above. This is thought to allow the filler to be filled efficiently even if the rib 112 has a stepped (zigzag) shape as shown in the figure. In this way, when the filler is filled from the lower part of the rib 112, by providing the through hole 114, the degree of filling of the filler during the filling process can be efficiently monitored.

[0069] (Component (2)) Next, a member (2) that can be manufactured by the manufacturing method of this embodiment will be described. The member (2) is to be combined with other members to form a part of the remaining formwork. In the member (2), the reinforcing part is a joint part for connecting the member to other members.

[0070] Fig. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a member of the first embodiment. Members 10E and 10F shown in Fig. 4 are combined with each other to form a part of the remaining formwork. That is, in a typical embodiment, it can be said that a panel portion can be formed by combining members 10E and 10F.

[0071] Members 10E and 10F in Fig. 4 have plate-like shapes, but are configured to be joined to each other at their side surfaces. That is, in Fig. 4, each member has a joint 121 (reinforcement) for joining the members. In the example shown in Fig. 4, member 10E is a male member, and member 10F is a female member. That is, a strong joint is realized by member 10F receiving a portion (joint joint) extending from the side surface of member 10E.

[0072] For convenience, in this specification, the term "joint joint" refers to both those that extend from the members and those that are recessed into the members. The shape of the joint joint is not limited to that shown in FIG. 4, and may be various shapes used to join multiple materials. The basic shapes of so-called joint joints include a hip joint, a joint with a mortise and tenon, a dovetail, a sickle, a roughly sickle, a mortise and tenon, a mortise and tenon, and the joint joint of this embodiment is appropriately formed using these or a combination of these shapes. As with the member (1), this joint joint (reinforcement part) is formed by the second molding material. Of course, the second molding material may have the same composition as the first molding material, and in that case, the formation of the panel surface (plate-shaped part) of the members (members 10E and 10F) and the formation of the joint joint 121 can be formed at the same time.

[0073] (Component (3)) Next, a description will be given of a member 3 that can be manufactured by the manufacturing method of this embodiment. This member 3 has a reinforcing portion disposed on a panel portion having a curved shape.

[0074] 5 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a member of the first embodiment. A member 20B shown in FIG. 5 is applicable as a corner portion (member 20A) in the remaining formwork 1 of FIG.

[0075] That is, in this member 20B, the panel portion is a panel having a curved shape. For such a panel having a curved shape, the member 20B can be reinforced by providing a rib 201 (reinforcing portion) on the inner wall of the corner (concave side of the panel). Note that, like the above-mentioned members, the panel portion having such a curved shape is formed using a first modeling material and a 3D printer. In addition, the rib 201 of the member 20B is formed by applying a second modeling material as a material capable of reinforcing the member 20B. That is, the rib 201 is formed by ejecting this second modeling material from the nozzle of the 3D printer. Note that, in the modified example of this embodiment, the method of forming the rib is not limited to the 3D printer method, and can be appropriately set according to the material used.

[0076] As described above, in the first embodiment, the panel portion forming process and the reinforcing portion forming process are performed using a 3D printer, which makes it possible to manufacture members that effectively improve the strength of the remaining formwork.

[0077] [Second embodiment] Next, a manufacturing method of the second embodiment will be described. The manufacturing method of the second embodiment employs the same process as the first embodiment as the panel portion forming process. The reinforcing portion is characterized in that it is formed inside the panel portion. In this specification, such a member will be described using member (4) as an example.

[0078] That is, in manufacturing the member (4), the reinforcing portion forming process is performed prior to the panel portion forming process. The reinforcing portion that can be formed in the member (4) is typically a reinforcing material for the molded object. Examples of the reinforcing material include materials such as metal, wood, carbon fiber, and resin. In a more typical example, the reinforcing material may be a reinforcing bar or a wire mesh, but is not limited thereto. In obtaining the member (4), for example, such a reinforcing material is placed in a predetermined working area in advance, and then 3D printing is performed on the working area using a first molding material. The molding materials and devices that can be used are the same as those described in the first embodiment. The method of placing the reinforcing material and the volume ratio of the reinforcing material contained in the member (4) can be appropriately set depending on the use of the remaining formwork, etc.

[0079] [Third embodiment] Next, a manufacturing method of the third embodiment will be described. The manufacturing method of the third embodiment employs the same process as the first embodiment for forming the panel portion, but is characterized in that the members manufactured have a predetermined reinforcing material disposed in the panel portion. The members manufactured by the manufacturing method of the third embodiment will be described below using members (5) and (6) as examples.

[0080] Fig. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a member of the third embodiment. The member (5) shown in Fig. 6 is configured by combining members 10G and 10H.

[0081] That is, the members 10G and 10H include a fixing member 133 and a connecting member 134. These are configurations that can function as reinforcing parts. Specifically, the panel part 135 present in the members 10G and 10H may be generally configured by combining a wall part 130, a bottom part 132, and a connecting part 131 that connects the wall part 130 and the bottom part 132. Note that, similarly to the first embodiment, the panel part 135 is formed using a first modeling material and a 3D printer. Here, the above-mentioned fixing member 133 is provided so as to penetrate the bottom part 132, and is configured to fix the members 10G and 10H to a ground surface (typically the ground). Meanwhile, the connecting member 134 is provided so as to bridge the wall part 130 between the members 10G and 10H.

[0082] In addition, in the member (5) shown in FIG. 6, the surface into which the filler is filled (the surface (first surface) into which concrete is poured) may be the surface on which the fixing member 133 and the connecting member 134 in the figure are shown, or the surface opposite to the surface on which the fixing member 133 etc. are shown.

[0083] In this way, reinforcing parts (fixing members 133 and connecting members 134) are provided in members 10G and 10H, which contributes to improving the strength of the remaining formwork when member (5) is used in the remaining formwork.

[0084] (Component (6)) Next, a description will be given of a member 6 that can be manufactured by the manufacturing method of the third embodiment. This member 6 has a predetermined reinforcing material disposed in the panel portion.

[0085] Fig. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a member of the third embodiment. A member (6) shown in Fig. 7 is configured by combining a member 10I and a member 10J.

[0086] The member 10I and the member 10J have a panel portion having a shape similar to that of the member (5) and a fixing member (fixing member 141). The member (6) is characterized in that a connecting portion 142 and a connecting member 143 are provided on the panel portion as reinforcing parts. As in the first embodiment, the panel portion of the member (6) is formed using the first modeling material and a 3D printer.

[0087] Such a combination of member 10I and member 10J typically corresponds to a combination of a predetermined member (e.g., member 10A) of the remaining formwork 1 shown in Fig. 1 with a member on the opposite side. That is, this member (6) can form a predetermined structure by filling the gap between them with filler (by pouring concrete). Here, since member 10I and member 10J are connected by connecting portion 142 and connecting member 143, it can be said that the shape of the remaining formwork is stable even when the filler is filled (when concrete is poured).

[0088] [Fourth embodiment] In the fourth embodiment, a residual formwork that is useful when using a residual formwork method will be described.

[0089] In the remaining formwork of the fourth embodiment, when the remaining formwork is observed from above, the inner wall portion has a curved shape. By having the inner wall portion have a curved shape in this way, even if a filler is filled into the remaining formwork (concrete is poured), the shape of the remaining formwork is likely to be stable.

[0090] FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the remaining formwork of the fourth embodiment. When the remaining formwork 2 in the fourth embodiment is observed from above, its structure is doughnut-shaped. Since the remaining formwork 2 is formed by stacking layers of molding material in the height direction, the remaining formwork of the fourth embodiment may be referred to as having a cylindrical shape. When the remaining formwork is observed from above, the shape of the inner wall portion may be a perfect circle as shown in FIG. 8, or may be an ellipse or a shape in which at least a part of the corners of a polygonal shape is replaced with a curved shape. On the other hand, when the remaining formwork is observed from above, the shape of the outer wall portion may be a perfect circle as shown in FIG. 8, or may be an ellipse or a shape in which a part of the corners of a polygonal shape is replaced with a curved shape, or may be a polygonal shape. Such a remaining formwork is formed using a first molding material and a 3D printer, like the panel parts of each member shown in the first embodiment.

[0091] In addition, the remaining formwork shown in the fourth embodiment may also contain reinforcing materials inside the remaining formwork. In addition, the various configurations shown in the first to third embodiments may be applied to the remaining formwork shown in the fourth embodiment.

[0092] [Fifth embodiment] In the fifth embodiment, a residual formwork that is useful when using a residual formwork method will be described.

[0093] The remaining formwork of the fifth embodiment has a predetermined arrangement of folded parts that are generated when forming the remaining formwork by 3D printing. By devising the arrangement of the folded parts in this way, the shape of the remaining formwork is likely to be stable even when a filler is filled (concrete is poured) in the remaining formwork.

[0094] That is, the remaining formwork of the fifth embodiment is as shown below. A remaining formwork, The remaining formwork is a structure formed by laminating a first modeling material that is mineralized through a hydration reaction, a polymerization reaction, or a firing reaction, When the outer wall of the remaining formwork is observed from a normal direction of the outer wall, a first opposing portion and a second opposing portion are present, the first facing portion is a portion where a first folded portion and a second folded portion face each other, Here, the first folded portion is a portion where the first modeling material is folded from a first direction parallel to a surface of the outer wall to the second direction opposite to the first direction, the second folded portion is a portion where the first modeling material is folded from the second direction to the first direction, The second opposing portion is at a different stacking height from the first opposing portion, and is a portion where a third folded portion and a fourth folded portion are opposed to each other, Here, the third folded portion is a portion where the first modeling material is folded from the first direction to the second direction, the fourth folded portion is a portion where the first modeling material is folded from the second direction to the first direction, A remaining formwork, wherein the first opposing portion is located at a distance from the second opposing portion in the first direction or the second direction.

[0095] FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the remaining formwork of the fifth embodiment. The remaining formwork 3 in the fifth embodiment is a box-shaped structure having an inner wall 31 and an outer wall 32. This remaining formwork 3 is a structure formed by laminating the first molding material shown in the first embodiment, and it is possible to fill the inside of the structure with a filler. That is, it can be said that the inner wall of the remaining formwork 3 constitutes the first surface in the first embodiment. Note that FIG. 9 shows the remaining formwork 3 that has a substantially rectangular shape when observed from above, but the shape of the remaining formwork 3 when observed from above is not limited to this. That is, the shape of the remaining formwork 3 when observed from above may be a polygonal shape other than a rectangular shape, or may be a circle or an ellipse.

[0096] To form the remaining form 3, typically, a first modeling material is extruded from the nozzle of a 3D printer and layered along a predetermined path. As described above, the layered modeling material is mineralized through a hydration reaction, polymerization reaction, or firing, thereby forming a remaining form 3 with guaranteed hardness.

[0097] The remaining formwork 3 of the fifth embodiment is characterized in that there are a first opposing portion OP1 and a second opposing portion OP2 when the outer wall 32 of the remaining formwork 3 is observed from the normal direction of the outer wall 32. The first opposing portion OP1 is a portion where the first folded portion 301 and the second folded portion 302 face each other. The second opposing portion OP2 is a portion where the third folded portion 303 and the fourth folded portion 304 face each other.

[0098] That is, when the first modeling material is extruded by 3D printing to form the remaining form 3, it is necessary to ensure the strength of the frame of the remaining form 3. From this perspective, it is assumed that a structure is formed by overlapping paths through which the first modeling material passes in the thickness direction of the remaining form 3. The above-mentioned first folded portion 301, second folded portion 302, etc. correspond to the portions where the first modeling material folds back when forming such paths.

[0099] As shown in FIG. 9, the first fold portion 301 is a portion where the first molding material is folded back from a first direction D1 parallel to the surface of the outer wall 32 to a second direction D2 opposite to the first direction D1, and the second fold portion 302 is a portion where the first molding material is folded back from the second direction D2 to the first direction D1.

[0100] In addition, in the remaining formwork 3, the second opposing portion OP2 is at a different stacking height from the first opposing portion OP1, and is a portion where the third folded portion 303 and the fourth folded portion 304 face each other. Here, the third folded portion 303 is a portion where the first modeling material is folded back from the first direction D1 to the second direction D2, and the fourth folded portion 304 is a portion where the first modeling material is folded back from the second direction D2 to the first direction D1.

[0101] The remaining formwork 3 of the fifth embodiment is characterized in that the first opposing portion OP1 is located at a distance from the second opposing portion OP2 in the first direction D1 or the second direction D2 (in the remaining formwork of Figure 9, the first opposing portion OP1 is located at a distance from the second opposing portion OP2 in the second direction D2).

[0102] When filling the remaining formwork with filler (concrete, etc.), it is expected that pressure from the inside to the outside of the remaining formwork will be applied to the remaining formwork. On the other hand, since the facing parts tend to be easily destroyed when pressure is applied, there is a concern that when all of the facing parts are arranged in line in the stacking direction, the destruction of the remaining formwork will progress from these facing parts.

[0103] In contrast, in the remaining formwork 3 of the fifth embodiment, the first opposing portion OP1 is located at a distance from the second opposing portion OP2 in the first direction D1 or the second direction D2, and therefore the structure is more likely to withstand the pressure exerted when the filling material is filled.

[0104] As can be seen from Fig. 9, it is not necessary for the opposing portions of all layers constituting the remaining formwork 3 to be arranged apart in the first direction D1 or the second direction D2. As shown in Fig. 9, the opposing portions may be aligned for multiple layers (e.g., five layers), and after the multiple layers are stacked, the opposing portions may be arranged apart in the first direction D1 or the second direction D2.

[0105] In addition, the first opposing portion OP1 and the second opposing portion OP2 are preferably spaced apart by a predetermined distance in the first direction or the second direction. For example, when the length of the side of the outer wall 32 of the remaining formwork 3 in the first direction is X, the first opposing portion OP1 and the second opposing portion OP2 are preferably spaced apart by 0.03X or more in the first direction or the second direction, preferably by 0.05X or more, and preferably by 0.1X or more. This can effectively improve the strength of the remaining formwork 3. The upper limit of the distance at which the first opposing portion OP1 and the second opposing portion OP2 are spaced apart is not particularly limited, but as an example, it is 0.9X or less.

[0106] [Sixth embodiment] In the sixth embodiment, a composition (material) that is useful when using the residual formwork method will be described.

[0107] That is, the sixth embodiment is a modeling material that is mineralized through a hydration reaction, a polymerization reaction, or a firing reaction, and is characterized in that the modeling material contains a helical filler. Note that the other components that can constitute such a modeling material are the same as those of the first modeling material shown in the first embodiment.

[0108] Here, the "spiral filler" is a filler having a spiral shape, and is made of any known material. For example, the spiral filler may include a material made of metal, wood, carbon fiber, ceramic, resin, etc. The metal may be a pure metal such as iron, silver, gold, aluminum, molybdenum, or an alloy such as stainless steel or brass. The material constituting the spiral filler may be any of the various materials described as the fiber material (D) of the first embodiment. That is, the spiral filler of the fifth embodiment may be formed by subjecting the above-mentioned fiber material (D) to a predetermined processing.

[0109] The helical diameter of the helical filler can be appropriately set. As an example, the average helical diameter of the helical filler is preferably in the range of 30 to 300 μm, more preferably in the range of 45 to 210 μm, and even more preferably in the range of 60 μm to 120 μm. By setting it in such a range, it is possible to achieve a good balance between the moldability and the improvement of the mechanical properties of the obtained molded product.

[0110] The fiber diameter of the fibers constituting the helical filler can also be appropriately set. As an example, the fiber diameter (average diameter) of the fibers constituting the helical filler is preferably in the range of 10 to 100 μm, more preferably in the range of 15 to 70 μm, and even more preferably in the range of 20 to 40 μm. By setting it in such a range, it is possible to achieve a good balance between the moldability and the improvement of the mechanical properties of the obtained molded product.

[0111] The content of the helical filler in the molding material can be appropriately set depending on the application. When the molding material contains a binder (A) and a fine aggregate (B), the content of the helical filler may be in the range of 0.5 to 2.5 parts by volume, 0.6 to 2.2 parts by volume, or 0.7 to 1.9 parts by volume, when the total of the binder (A) and the fine aggregate (B) is 100 parts by volume. By setting the content in such a range, it is possible to achieve a good balance between the hardening property of the molding material and the improvement of the mechanical properties of the obtained molded object.

[0112] By including such a spiral filler in the modeling material, it is possible to contribute to improving the mechanical properties of a modeled object formed from the modeling material. The modeling material of the sixth embodiment can be applied to various applications, and is not necessarily limited to the manufacture of the above-mentioned remaining formwork or members (constituting the remaining formwork). In other words, the modeling material of the sixth embodiment can be applied to various applications to which a modeling material for additive modeling can be conventionally applied. When used to manufacture the above-mentioned remaining formwork or members (constituting the remaining formwork), the various configurations described in the first to fifth embodiments may be adopted.

[0113] As a modification of the sixth embodiment, a premix (powder composition) including the spiral filler may be provided. Here, the premix (powder composition) is a material obtained by removing water from the concrete or mortar. More specifically, the premix (powder composition) is a material that provides concrete or mortar by adding water before performing a modeling process.

[0114] [others] Additionally, the following aspects may be provided: [α1] A method for manufacturing a member constituting at least a part of a remaining formwork, comprising the steps of: The member includes a panel portion and a reinforcing portion different from the panel portion, A method for manufacturing the component includes the steps of: A panel portion forming process in which a first modeling material that is mineralized via a hydration reaction, a polymerization reaction, or a firing is ejected from a nozzle of a 3D printer to form the panel portion; A reinforcing part formation process in which a second modeling material that is mineralized via a hydration reaction, a polymerization reaction, or a firing is ejected from a nozzle of a 3D printer to form the reinforcing part; A manufacturing method comprising: [α2] In the production method according to [α1], The panel portion has a first surface, The first surface is a surface that comes into contact with a filler when the filler is filled into the remaining formwork, The manufacturing method, wherein the reinforcing portion forming step is a step of forming the reinforcing portion at a position in contact with the first surface of the panel portion formed in the panel portion forming step. [α3] In the production method according to [α2], The manufacturing method, wherein the reinforcing portion is a rib provided at a position in contact with the first surface. [α4] In the production method according to [α3], A manufacturing method in which the rib has a through hole extending from above to below when the remaining formwork is formed by the member. [α5] In the production method according to any one of [α2] to [α4], In the panel portion forming step, the nozzle is moved relatively along a first axis to form the first surface of the panel portion; Here, a groove extending along the first axis is formed on the surface of the first face, A manufacturing method, in which the reinforcing portion forming step forms the reinforcing portion on the first surface so as to fill the groove while relatively moving the nozzle along a second axis intersecting the first axis. [α6] In the production method according to [α1], The member constitutes a part of the remaining formwork by combining with other members, A manufacturing method in which the reinforcing portion is a joint portion for connecting the member to the other member. [α7] In the production method according to any one of [α1] to [α6], The panel portion is formed by controlling a 3D printer by a first code designed in advance; The reinforcing portion is formed by controlling a 3D printer by a pre-designed second code; wherein the first code includes information about the first building material, A manufacturing method, wherein the second code is designed based on a characteristic value regarding the mechanical strength of the panel portion calculated from information regarding the first molding material. [α8] In the production method according to any one of [α1] to [α7], A manufacturing method in which the first modeling material and the second modeling material are materials of the same composition. [α9] In the manufacturing method according to any one of [α1] to [α8], The panel portion is a panel having a curved shape, The manufacturing method, wherein the reinforcement portion is formed on a concave side of the panel. [α10] In the manufacturing method according to any one of [α1] to [α9], The method of manufacturing, wherein the first modeling material and / or the second modeling material comprises a fibrous material. [α11] In the manufacturing method according to [α10], The manufacturing method, wherein the fiber material has an average fiber length in the range of 1 to 30 mm. [α12] In the production method according to any one of [α1] to [α11], The first modeling material and / or the second modeling material is a mortar that satisfies at least one of the following requirements (Requirement 1) to (Requirement 4): (Requirement 1) is to prepare a test specimen conforming to JIS A1108:2018 using the mortar, and when the compressive strength of the test specimen is measured, the measured value is 60 N / mm 2 This is all that has happened. (Requirement 2) is to prepare a test specimen conforming to JIS A1106:2018 using the mortar, and when the bending strength of the test specimen is measured, the measured value is 8N / mm 2 This is all that has happened. (Requirement 3) is to prepare a specimen conforming to JSCE-G552 using the mortar, and when the bending toughness coefficient of the specimen is measured, the measured value is 2.9 N / mm 2 This is all that has happened. (Requirement 4) is to prepare a specimen conforming to JSCE-G553 using the mortar, and when the shear strength of the specimen is measured, the measured value is 8.5N / mm 2 The manufacturing method is as described above. [α13] A method for manufacturing a structure, comprising: A step of preparing a member obtained by the manufacturing method according to any one of [α1] to [α12]; forming a residual formwork using the member; filling the remaining formwork with a filler; A method for manufacturing a structure, comprising: [α14] A member constituting at least a part of the remaining formwork, A panel portion which is an additive model of a modeling material that is mineralized through a hydration reaction, a polymerization reaction, or a firing reaction; a reinforcing part different from the panel part, the reinforcing part being an additive model of a modeling material that is mineralized through a hydration reaction, a polymerization reaction, or a firing; A component comprising: [α15] In the member according to [α14], The panel portion is a member having a laminated structure formed from the molding material.

[0115] The following aspects may also be provided. [β1] A method for manufacturing a member constituting at least a part of a remaining formwork, comprising the steps of: The member includes a panel portion and a reinforcing portion different from the panel portion, A method for manufacturing the component includes the steps of: A panel portion forming process in which a first modeling material that is mineralized through a hydration reaction, a polymerization reaction, or a firing is ejected from a nozzle of a 3D printer to form the panel portion; a reinforcing portion forming step of forming the reinforcing portion; A manufacturing method comprising: [β2] In the manufacturing method described in [β1], The panel portion has a first surface, The first surface is a surface that contacts the concrete to be poured when pouring concrete into the remaining formwork, The manufacturing method, wherein the reinforcing portion forming step is a step of forming the reinforcing portion at a position in contact with the first surface of the panel portion formed in the panel portion forming step. [β3] In the manufacturing method described in [β2], The manufacturing method, wherein the reinforcing portion is a rib provided at a position in contact with the first surface. [β4] In the production method according to [β2] or [β3], A manufacturing method in which the reinforcing portion formation process forms the reinforcing portion by ejecting a second modeling material, which mineralizes via a hydration reaction, polymerization reaction or calcination, from a nozzle of a 3D printer onto the first surface. [β5] In the manufacturing method described in [β4], In the panel portion forming step, the nozzle is moved relatively along a first axis to form the first surface of the panel portion; Here, a groove extending along the first axis is formed on the surface of the first face, A manufacturing method, in which the reinforcing portion forming step forms the reinforcing portion on the first surface so as to fill the groove while relatively moving the nozzle along a second axis intersecting the first axis. [β6] In the production method according to [β4] or [β5], The panel portion is formed by controlling a 3D printer by a first code designed in advance; The reinforcing portion is formed by controlling a 3D printer by a pre-designed second code; wherein the first code includes information about the first building material, A manufacturing method, wherein the second code is designed based on a characteristic value regarding the mechanical strength of the panel portion calculated from information regarding the first molding material. [β7] In the manufacturing method described in [β1], The reinforcing portion forming step is carried out prior to the panel portion forming step, The member has the reinforcing portion formed inside the panel portion. [β8] In the production method according to any one of [β1] to [β7], The manufacturing method, wherein the panel portion is a panel having a curved shape. [β9] In the production method according to any one of [β1] to [β8], The method of manufacturing, wherein the first building material comprises a fibrous material. [β10] In the production method according to any one of [β1] to [β9], The first molding material is a mortar that satisfies at least one of the following requirements (requirement 1) to (requirement 3): (Requirement 1) is to prepare a test specimen conforming to JIS A1108:2018 using the mortar, and when the compressive strength of the test specimen is measured, the measured value is 60 N / mm 2 This is all that has happened. (Requirement 2) is to prepare a test specimen conforming to JIS A1106:2018 using the mortar, and when the bending strength of the test specimen is measured, the measured value is 8N / mm 2 This is all that has happened. (Requirement 3) is to prepare a specimen conforming to JSCE-G552 using the mortar, and when the bending toughness coefficient of the specimen is measured, the measured value is 2.9 N / mm 2 The manufacturing method is as described above. [β11] A method for manufacturing a concrete structure, comprising: A step of preparing a member obtained by the manufacturing method according to any one of [β1] to [β10]; forming a residual formwork using the member; pouring concrete into the remaining formwork; A method for manufacturing a concrete structure comprising the steps of: [β12] A member constituting at least a part of the remaining formwork, A panel portion which is an additive model of a modeling material that is mineralized through a hydration reaction, a polymerization reaction, or a firing reaction; A reinforcing portion different from the panel portion; A component comprising: [β13] In the member described in [β12], The panel portion is a member having a laminated structure formed from the molding material.

[0116] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, these are merely examples of the present invention, and various configurations other than those described above can be adopted. Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and modifications and improvements within the scope of the present invention are included in the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0117] 1, 2, 3: Remaining formwork 1A: Inside the formwork 10A~10J: Materials 20A, 20B: Materials 31:Inner wall 32: Exterior wall 101: Panel section 102: Groove 103: Rib 111: Panel section 112: Rib 113: Bottom 114: Through hole 121: Joint 130: Wall 131:Connection part 132: Bottom 133: Fixing member 134: Connecting member 135: Panel section 141: Fixing member 142:Connection part 143: Connecting member 201: Rib 301: First folded part 302: Second folded part 303: Third fold 304: 4th turn D1: First direction D2: Second direction OP1: First opposing part OP2: Second opposing part

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a member constituting at least a part of a remaining formwork, comprising the steps of: The member includes a panel portion and a reinforcing portion different from the panel portion, A method for manufacturing the component includes the steps of: A panel portion forming process in which a first modeling material that is mineralized through a hydration reaction, a polymerization reaction, or a firing is ejected from a nozzle of a 3D printer to form the panel portion; A reinforcing part formation process in which a second modeling material that is mineralized via a hydration reaction, a polymerization reaction, or a firing is ejected from a nozzle of a 3D printer to form the reinforcing part; A manufacturing method comprising:

2. The method according to claim 1, The panel portion has a first surface, The first surface is a surface that comes into contact with a filler when the filler is filled into the remaining formwork, The manufacturing method, wherein the reinforcing portion forming step is a step of forming the reinforcing portion at a position in contact with the first surface of the panel portion formed in the panel portion forming step.

3. The method according to claim 2, The manufacturing method, wherein the reinforcing portion is a rib provided at a position in contact with the first surface.

4. The method according to claim 3, A manufacturing method in which the rib has a through hole extending from above to below when the remaining formwork is formed by the member.

5. The method according to claim 2, In the panel portion forming step, the nozzle is moved relatively along a first axis to form the first surface of the panel portion; Here, a groove extending along the first axis is formed on the surface of the first face, A manufacturing method, in which the reinforcing portion forming step forms the reinforcing portion on the first surface so as to fill the groove while relatively moving the nozzle along a second axis intersecting the first axis.

6. The method according to claim 1, The member constitutes a part of the remaining formwork by combining with other members, A manufacturing method in which the reinforcing portion is a joint portion for connecting the member to the other member.

7. The method according to claim 1, the panel portion is formed by controlling a 3D printer by a first code designed in advance; The reinforcing portion is formed by controlling a 3D printer by a pre-designed second code; Here, the first code includes information about the first building material, A manufacturing method, wherein the second code is designed based on a characteristic value regarding the mechanical strength of the panel portion calculated from information regarding the first molding material.

8. The method according to claim 1, A manufacturing method, wherein the first modeling material and the second modeling material are materials of the same composition.

9. The method according to claim 1, The panel portion is a panel having a curved shape, The manufacturing method, wherein the reinforcement portion is formed on a concave side of the panel.

10. The method according to claim 1, The method of manufacturing, wherein the first build material and / or the second build material comprises a fibrous material.

11. The method according to claim 10, The manufacturing method, wherein the fiber material has an average fiber length in the range of 1 to 30 mm.

12. The method according to claim 1, The first modeling material and / or the second modeling material is a mortar that satisfies at least one of the following requirements (Requirement 1) to (Requirement 4), (Requirement 1) is that a test specimen conforming to JIS A1108:2018 is prepared using the mortar, and when the compressive strength of the test specimen is measured, the measured value is 60 N / mm ２ This is all that has happened. (Requirement 2) When a test specimen conforming to JIS A1106:2018 is prepared using the mortar and the bending strength of the test specimen is measured, the measured value is 8 N / mm ２ This is all that has happened. (Requirement 3) When a specimen conforming to JSCE-G552 is prepared using the mortar and the bending toughness coefficient of the specimen is measured, the measured value is 2.9 N / mm ２ This is all that has happened. (Requirement 4) When a specimen conforming to JSCE-G553 is prepared using the mortar and the shear strength of the specimen is measured, the measured value is 8.5 N / mm ２ The manufacturing method is as described above.

13. A method for manufacturing a structure, comprising: A step of preparing a component obtained by the manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 12; forming a residual formwork using the member; filling the remaining formwork with a filler; A method for manufacturing a structure, comprising:

14. A member constituting at least a part of the remaining formwork, A panel portion which is an additive model of a modeling material that is mineralized through a hydration reaction, a polymerization reaction, or a firing reaction; a reinforcing part different from the panel part, the reinforcing part being an additive model of a modeling material that is mineralized through a hydration reaction, a polymerization reaction, or a firing; A component comprising:

15. 15. The member according to claim 14, The panel portion is a member having a laminated structure formed from the molding material.

Images