Method for constructing excavation pit in stratum

Abstract

To provide a method for constructing an excavation pit in a stratum capable of providing a degree of freedom having not been previously achieved for capturing heat energy efficiently from a stratum having heat production capacity.SOLUTION: A closed loop excavation pit structure is disclosed, having an irregular or unlimited geometric shape to meet difficult heat gradient in a stratum with heat production capacity. In order to extract heat energy therefrom, working fluid is used in a closed loop. A loop and unlimited geometric shape is achieved using magnetic distance measurement of independent excavation motions intersecting from an entrance well and an exit well in order to form a segment of a connection therebetween. The excavation pit is activated by adjusting a rock surface and cooling a whole system as adjustment motion is assembled with and embedded in an oriented excavation motion especially in order to carry out a process to optimize heat transportation. A considerable level of freedom of the excavation pit structure is further optimized where no mechanical obstruction such as no casing or liner in a heat transportation area is present.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 15

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to configuring wells in thermally productive formations, and more particularly, the present invention relates to optimizing drilling in an earth formation to facilitate well positioning that maximizes the recovery of thermal energy from the thermal gradient of a particular formation. [Background technology]

[0002] With the advent of improved drilling techniques to drill to greater depths and tolerate higher temperatures in formations, many advances have been made to allow for formation specific well configurations.

[0003] To improve the efficiency of well positioning, the unification of drilling techniques, working fluid chemistry, and wellbore conditioning unit operations, especially with flow rates and ranking, must be combined to achieve efficient heat recovery in the most complex and diverse thermal gradients in a given formation.

[0004] The present invention facilitates the ability to recover thermal energy despite the anomalies and complexities of thermal gradients.

[0005] One of the earlier developments in the field was realized in U.S. Patent No. 6,247,313 to Moe, issued June 19, 2001. There is a disclosure of a wellbore configuration including a plurality of heat sink holes in a geothermal field. The disclosure does not mention casing or liners, but is limited to the use of fracture zones, an angular arrangement of parallel heat sink holes, and further limitations. The teaching specifically states: "The magnitude of the inclination angle depends on several factors, e.g., the temperature gradient in the rock, the length of the heat absorption pore, and the amount of water flow. Calculation of the angle is within the capabilities of a person skilled in the art and therefore will not be detailed herein. The angle is usually between 20° and 50°, preferably about 40°." Moreover, in order to maximize the extraction of heat from a given volume of rock, at least a substantial portion of the heat absorbing holes run parallel to one another. More preferably, the heat absorbing holes are arranged in one layer, or in several vertically spaced layers if necessary. Subject to the arrangement of vertically spaced layers, each layer having several heat absorbing holes allows the capacity of the plant to be increased without spreading the holes over a large area. This is of considerable importance when the amount of land available for development is not large.

[0006] The supply holes 3 and the return holes 4 are interconnected by four heat absorption holes 5, each with a diameter of 10 cm and a length of about 2000 m. The spacing between these holes 5 may be 100-150 m. They are drilled starting from the supply holes 3 and end at or close to the return holes 4. As it is difficult to directly hit the return holes 4 when drilling the heat absorption holes 5, a fracture zone 6 has been established in this area to achieve flow communication between the holes 4 and 5."

[0007] The teachings also, as emphasized, teach difficulties with inlet and outlet connections. On the downside, Moe's arrangement, despite its unusual nature, does not provide sufficient teaching regarding unlimited access to the slope, and thus the disclosure is limited to certain scenarios.

[0008] Shulman issued U.S. Patent No. 5,515,679 on May 14, 1996. The document teaches a closed-loop thermal energy recovery arrangement in various high temperature rock types, one of which is solid rock as distinguished in Shulman's disclosure. "The present invention relates to a novel method and apparatus employing liquid circulation in a closed pipe loop system whereby thermal energy in hot rocks underground is extracted, i.e., extracted, and transported to the surface for utilization. The hot rocks may be solid, cracked, or fractured, dry or wet, but there is essentially no moving fluid. By this invention, thermal energy is transferred from the hot rocks to a relatively cool liquid which flows from a manifold at the surface down into the hot rocks and then through one or more of a plurality of remotely separated heat-conducting pipe loops which join together at the bottom of a riser through which the heated liquid returns to the surface."

[0009] The wellbore configuration has not been discussed in detail with complex patterns or arrangements of heat recovery conduits, which rely on piping in the wellbore configuration for transporting fluids through the configuration for heat recovery from the formation. Another drawback is seen in the positioning of the manifold on the surface, rather than essentially within the wellbore's network of holes down in the ground.

[0010] In U.S. Patent No. 6,668,554, issued December 30, 2003, Brown teaches a fracturing process for creating fracture zones in hot, dry rock. Supercritical CO2 is used as the working fluid to transfer the energy absorbed from the geothermal formation. There is no fluid communication in a closed loop, where there is an interconnected section in the fluid communication between the inlet and outlet wells, where the working fluid is isolated from the formation. In Brown's arrangement, the formation itself is in indiscriminate communication with the inlet and outlet wells. This is further demonstrated by Brown's teaching that: "Finally, the hot dry rock circulation system will be completed by drilling two or more production wells to intersect the reservoir near each end of the elongated reservoir region as defined by the 'cloud' of microseismic event locations that define the geometry of the fractured hot dry rock reservoir. All wells will be properly completed, again using gaseous carbon dioxide, with casing to the surface and then removal of drilling fluids and other water-based materials."

[0011] From this progression, the use of casing is identified as the intersection of wells, not with each other as in a closed loop, but rather with an artificial reservoir within the formation.

[0012] U.S. Patent No. 10,260,778 to Sonju, issued April 16, 2019, discloses a geothermal plant. There are teachings in the patent regarding specific requirements for configuring the producing sections in a specific alignment with respect to a concentric inlet / outlet well arrangement. The disclosure does not provide any instruction regarding adjustment of the wellbore during or after drilling, or possible directions for interconnecting sections to utilize the heat producing zones without limitations.

[0013] U.S. Patent No. 10,527,026 to Muir et al., issued January 7, 2020, teaches a closed-loop heat recovery arrangement for transferring heat from a well casing into a fluid. The text states: "Embodiments disclosed herein relate to methods and apparatus for the production of power from impermeable geological resources through the use of a closed loop design, where the fluid is completely isolated from the formation in a closed loop well and heat is transferred to the fluid through the well casing." "As described in the Background section above, typical hydrothermal systems as well as closed loop systems have focused on extracting heat from permeable geological resources where fractures or porosity occur naturally or through stimulation. In contrast, embodiments disclosed herein can efficiently and effectively extract heat from low-permeability rocks, such as rocks in the plastic zone. Formations containing hotter, low-permeability rocks are advantageously utilized by passing fluids through the resource without direct contact between the fluid and the rock, whereby heat is transferred directly from the rock, through the well casing and into the fluid." "The closed-loop geothermal heat exchange system may then be disposed within the subterranean formation based on the determined temperature profile of the subterranean formation and the determined heat replenishment profile. Installation of the closed-loop geothermal heat exchange system may include drilling, casing, perforating, bonding, expanding the uncaseable well wall with fractures, sealing the uncaseable well wall, and other steps associated with the drilling process and installing a well loop therein as known to those skilled in the art. Installation, in some embodiments, may include disposing the heat exchange zone of the closed-loop well system within a plastic zone or a brittle-ductile transition zone of the formation. In some embodiments, installation may include, or additionally include, disposing the heat exchange zone of the closed-loop well system within a brittle zone of the formation, as well as stimulating the brittle zone proximate the heat exchange zone."

[0014] The text provides general teachings on sealing, but including casing in the heat recovery section of a wellbore configuration. "According to some embodiments, the methods for generating geothermal energy described herein may include portions of wells that are not cased with metal pipe, but instead the wells in such portions may be formation rock sealed with a hardened sealant, the well walls in such portions being defined by the boundaries of such hardened sealant, and in some embodiments this may cause the well diameters in such portions to be larger, in some cases much larger, than the metal cased portions of such wells."

[0015] This reference directly mirrors the teachings of Shulman above, but does not provide any instruction regarding the absence of well intersections, casings and / or liners, or geometric changes in the arrangement of heat recovery sections of a wellbore arrangement to accommodate any thermal gradient patterns. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0016] [Patent Document 1] U.S. Patent No. 6,247,313 [Patent Document 2] U.S. Patent No. 5,515,679 [Patent Document 3] U.S. Patent No. 6,668,554 [Patent Document 4] U.S. Patent No. 10,260,778 [Patent Document 5] U.S. Patent No. 10,527,026 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0017] It would be desirable to have a way to create a wellbore configuration that the user can tailor to anomalies in the slope pattern, as opposed to being limited to a particular wellbore design that is adapted to the limitations of existing equipment and methods for recovering thermal energy.

[0018] The inventive methods disclosed herein below improve upon the noted limitations and provide previously unseen flexibility for efficiently capturing thermal energy from within thermally productive geological formations. [Means for solving the problem]

[0019] It is an object of one embodiment of the present invention to provide an improved method for constructing wells and well systems in thermally productive formations for recovering thermal energy therefrom for subsequent use.

[0020] Another object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a wellbore in a thermally productive formation, comprising: independently drilling a well into the formation having an inlet well and an outlet well; communicating between the inlet well and the outlet well during drilling to intersect to form a continuous well having an interconnected section between the inlet well and the outlet well, the interconnected section having a predefined angular configuration with respect to the inlet well and the outlet well within the formation; conditioning at least the interconnected sections to facilitate heat recovery by working fluid flow therethrough without casing or liner material in the interconnected sections; Includes.

[0021] The adjusting step is accomplished by at least one of a sequenced combination of continuous drilling, discontinuous drilling, drilling periods, post-drilling, and drilling of at least one of the inlet wells and the outlet wells.

[0022] More particularly, the adjusting step can include introducing at least one composition, unit operation, and combinations thereof that is not naturally present in the formation.

[0023] To improve the effectiveness of the method, the adjustment operations may be dynamically changed in response to signaling data from at least one of the inlet well drilling operations and the outlet well drilling operations.

[0024] Depending on the particular situation, unit operations may include controlling the temperature of the drilling fluid, pre-cooling the rock face in the formation being drilled, cooling the drilling rig, and modifying the pore space of the wellbore formed from drilling in the formation.

[0025] The modification of the pore space may include activating the pore space for subsequent treatment to render the pore space impermeable to the ingress of formation fluids into the interconnected sections or the egress of working fluids into the formation, sealing the pore space during drilling in continuous operations, sealing the pore space during drilling in discontinuous operations, and combinations thereof.

[0026] Changes in operational adjustment steps may also be based on signaling data from signaling between the inlet and outlet wells.

[0027] Optionally, another unit operation includes forming a conduit in the formation relative to a longitudinal axis of the interconnected section and in fluid communication with the formation for enhancing heat recovery by the working fluid. The conduit may have a termination and a location of the conduit in the interconnected section may be in thermal contact with an adjacent conduit of an adjacent interconnected section of another well. The conduit may include natural buoyancy-driven convection that expands the effective radius of the heat collecting interconnected section to increase the overall heat transfer from the rock volume.

[0028] The conduit may be a fracture, a single hole, an auxiliary section, or multiple radial holes extending radially from the interconnect section.

[0029] When arranged in a vertical configuration, the conduits act as convection cells where natural buoyancy-driven convection currents expand the effective radius of the heat collecting interconnect section. The conduits are typically 0.5 inches (12.7 mm) or larger in diameter and may be 8.5 inches (215.9 mm) or equal to the diameter of the interconnect section itself.

[0030] As another option, the conduits of an interconnect section may be connected in fluid communication with adjacent conduits of adjacent interconnect sections of different wells.

[0031] It is a further object of one embodiment of the present invention to provide a well configuration suitable for recovering thermal energy from a heat-producing earth formation through the circulation of a fluid therethrough, the well configuration comprising: The entrance well, An exit well, an interconnection section in fluid communication with the inlet well and the outlet well and disposed within a thermally productive zone of the formation; a selectively operable auxiliary section in selective fluid circulation communication with the interconnect section for storing heated fluid; a debris section in fluid communication with at least one of the inlet well, the outlet well, and the interconnecting section for collecting debris from the well, a debris section, the outlet well being at least one of concentric with the inlet well and between 5° and 175° relative to the inlet well, and an interconnecting section being between 5° and 355° relative to the inlet well; a conversion device connected to the well to form a closed loop and collect the thermal energy recovered from the fluid for conversion; Equipped with.

[0032] In one embodiment, the auxiliary section includes a selectively operable valve for allowing the stored heated fluid circulation to access the interconnected section and may further include a selectively operable outlet in fluid communication with at least one of the conversion device and the adjacent well configuration.

[0033] The configuration may be a multiple well configuration in concentric and spaced apart relationship, a multiple well configuration in spaced apart laterally offset parallel planar relationship, and may further include at least one of a common inlet well and a common outlet well.

[0034] In collecting thermal energy, interconnected sections are utilized, and the configuration can provide a plurality of interconnected sections in fluid communication with the inlet and outlet wells, having a plurality of spaced apart arrays of interconnected sections in a predefined pattern.

[0035] A still further object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a method of forming a well configuration suitable for recovering thermal energy from a heat-producing earth formation through circulation of a fluid therethrough, the method comprising: independently drilling an inlet well and an outlet well at predefined locations in the formation; cross-drilling from an inlet well and an outlet well to form an interconnected section in a predefined thermally productive area of ​​the formation location between the inlet well and the outlet well, the outlet well being at least one of: concentric with the inlet well; at an angle between 5° and 175° relative to the inlet well; and the interconnected section being at an angle between 5° and 355° relative to the inlet well; forming a selectively operable auxiliary section in selective fluid circulation communication with said interconnected section for storing heated fluid; forming a debris section in fluid communication with at least one of the inlet well, the outlet well, and the interconnection section for collecting debris from a well; providing a conversion device in communication with the well to form a closed loop and collect thermal energy recovered from the fluid for conversion; Includes.

[0036] For intersection drilling, the step of drilling independently from the inlet and outlet wells to form an interconnected section between the inlet and outlet wells is performed by electromagnetic signal transmission.

[0037] Electromagnetic signal transmission devices are utilized for signal transmission and are selectively positioned at combinations of predefined locations of the inlet wells, outlet wells, debris sections, and interconnect sections.

[0038] The device can be operated in a predefined sequence.

[0039] Additionally, the method includes signaling the ongoing well with signaling from an adjacent previously formed well.

[0040] The method is well suited for recovering thermal energy from geothermal formations having temperatures above 40°C.

[0041] For efficiency and flexibility of deployment in the formation, circulation of fluid within the interconnected sections may be accomplished without casings and liners.

[0042] A plurality of interconnected sections in an embodiment can be in fluid communication with the inlet and outlet wells, the configuration having a plurality of spaced apart arrays of interconnected sections in a predefined pattern.

[0043] Optionally, there may be a step of selectively circulating fluid as a slipstream from one array to an inlet point of a remote second array before discharging from an outlet well common to all arrays, in which the slipstream preheats the fluid from the inlet well before circulating it into the remote second array.

[0044] Slipstreams can also be distributed to adjacent well configurations for thermal augmentation of adjacent wells.

[0045] Having thus generally described the invention, reference is now made to the accompanying drawings in which a preferred embodiment is illustrated. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0046] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a closed loop energy recovery arrangement. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a coordinate system diagram illustrating possible locations of interconnected sections or groups of sections within the volume of the formation for recovering thermal energy therefrom. [Diagram 3] 1 is a flow chart depicting the steps involved in forming a wellbore configuration by drilling an intersection of at least two points. [Figure 4] FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a variant of the borehole. [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is a side view of FIG. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is an alternative embodiment of FIG. 5. [Figure 7] FIG. 1 illustrates an embodiment of a wellbore configuration. [Figure 8] FIG. 13 is an alternative embodiment of a wellbore configuration. [Figure 9] FIG. 13 is a diagram of a further alternative embodiment of a wellbore configuration. [Figure 10] FIG. 13 is a diagram of a further alternative embodiment of a wellbore configuration. [Figure 11] FIG. 13 is a diagram of a further alternative embodiment of a wellbore configuration. [Figure 12] FIG. 13 is a diagram of a further alternative embodiment of a wellbore configuration. [Figure 13] 1 is a schematic diagram of a system of wellbore configurations within an earth formation; [Figure 14] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network of segmented wellbore configurations. [Figure 15] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a well system illustrating a debris field. [Figure 16] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of modularly stacked wells. [Figure 16A] FIG. 17 is an alternative embodiment of FIG. 16. [Figure 17] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a well system with interconnections between sub-sections. [Figure 18] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network of well systems integrated with an electric power grid. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0047] Like numbers used in the figures refer to like elements.

[0048] 1, a schematic diagram of a closed-loop well system 10 disposed within a thermally productive geological formation 12 is shown. System 10 includes an inlet well 14, an interconnected well section 16, and an outlet well 18 in closed-loop fluid communication with an energy processing device 20 positioned at the earth's surface S. The outlet well may be co-located with the inlet well at device 20 or, in an alternative connection, may be located remotely as indicated by dashed line 22. A working fluid is circulated within system 10 to absorb thermal energy from within formation 12.

[0049] For efficiency, the interconnected well section 16 is not cased or lined and does not include other pipes or associated mechanical equipment. The outlet well 18 and the inlet well 16 may be cased or otherwise constructed to conform to accepted practices known to those skilled in the art. Any debris generated in the use of the equipment may be collected in section 19.

[0050] The energy processing device 20 can process the energy for other uses, indicated broadly by the numeral 24, store it at 26, or pass it on to a power grid 28, which can optionally include solar power generation devices 30 and / or wind power generation devices 32 in any suitable combination.

[0051] With respect to the spatial orientation of the wells within the thermally productive formation, reference can be made to Figure 2. In the figure, elements have been removed for clarity, but it should be understood that the figure is intended to convey that the arrangement of the interconnected sections 16 may be with respect to at least one of the planes of the inlet wells 14 and the outlet wells 18.

[0052] In the figures, the interconnected well sections 16 may be positioned at any angle in any of the planes (XY), (X-(-Y)), ((-X)-Y), ((-X)-(-Y)), (XZ), (X-(-Z)), (Z-(-X)), ((-X)-(-Z)), (ZY), (Z-(-Y)), ((-Z)-(-Y)), and ((-Z)-Y), and may be arranged to have X, Y, and Z coordinates with respect to an intersecting planar arrangement. For purposes of illustration, the positive x-axis will represent the inlet well 14. The wells may be arranged at any angle α or β without interfering with the operation of the well 14. This applies equally to the outlet well 18. The inlet well 14 and the outlet well 18 communicate with the surface S of the earth as referenced with respect to FIG. 1.

[0053] Any number of interconnected sections 16 may be disposed within the space illustrated. Other well configurations are illustrated in the previous figures. The amount and spatial location will depend on the thermal gradient of the formation 12.

[0054] Advantageously, observing that drilling an intersection between the inlet well 14 and the outlet well 16 by independent drilling operations to form the interconnected section 18 without liners, casings, etc., within the interconnected section with coordinated drilling operations, provides configuration freedom for maximum recovery of thermal energy.

[0055] 3 illustrates an example of steps involved in sensor ranging an inlet well and an outlet well in a formation for crossing through the interconnected sections formed. While the example references interconnected sections, it will be understood that the methodology relates to forming multiple interconnected sections in any pattern as discussed with respect to FIG. 2. Individual interconnected sections are fully available for communicating sensors therebetween to guide drilling of subsequent interconnected sections with a given well system or those formed in neighboring systems within the formation.

[0056] By providing interconnection between the well, inlet, outlet, and interconnection sections, trajectory drift is minimized to facilitate accurate intersecting of the well being drilled. Sensors may also be utilized in the debris capture section 19, but are not shown and will not be described in greater detail herein below.

[0057] Referring now to FIG. 4, a cross section of the interconnected section 16 is shown disposed with the formation 12. Extending from the section 16 is a conduit 34 that extends into the formation 12. The conduit 34 may be in fluid communication with the interior 36 of the section 16 or may be a sealed void without fluid communication with the interior 36. It has been found that the conduit 34 is useful in improving the heat recovery capability of the interconnected section when a working fluid is circulated therethrough and during periods of inactivity. The positioning and amount of radial extension to maximize heat recovery without structural / mechanical compromise of the section 16 is dictated by the formation properties. Where appropriate, pre-existing cracks, fissures, fractures or permeable contained areas may be encountered and used to act as conduits. These may be done during excavation of the section 16.

[0058] 5 shows an example where the conduits 34 are generally arranged in a spiral pattern, with the black dots representing those extending outward from the plane and the x dots representing extensions on the opposite surface extending away from the plane. This is by way of example only, and the pattern is confirmed from the gradient data, among other closely related parameters.

[0059] 6 illustrates a further example in which multiple sections 16 are disposed within the formation 12. In this example, extensions 34 of adjacent sections may be positioned closely together to fill a given area 38 with the extensions to effectively increase the volume of the gradient from which thermal energy can be recovered. The conduits 34 act as convective cells for buoyancy-driven flow that directs thermal energy to the interior 34 of the sections 16. The extensions may be positioned for adjacent positioning or may interdigitate with other conduits 34.

[0060] As a further embodiment, the individual sections 16 may be connected by conduits 34 , the connections being generally represented by the numeral 40 . In this way, the arrangement has a ladder-like appearance when viewed in perspective.

[0061] Turning now to possible well configurations, FIG. 7 illustrates a generally annular well configuration, generally designated by the numeral 42, disposed within formation 12.

[0062] In this arrangement, the inlet well 14 is in fluid communication with a main inlet hub well 44, which is connected to each of the interconnected sections 16. Suitable valve devices (not shown, but generally designated by the numeral 46) may be incorporated into some or all of the loop sections 16 for redirection and other control of the fluid flow.

[0063] The arrangement 42 also includes a main outlet hub well 48 connected in a manner similar to that shown for the main inlet hub well 46 with similar valving features (not shown).

[0064] Within this structure, each loop section 16 can operate as a single unit to recover thermal energy.

[0065] As an operational alternative, the flow of working fluid within the arrangement 42 can be circulated in a generally spiral pattern throughout the entire arrangement with sequencing of periods of rest to allow for maximum heat recovery. Such flexibility allows for connection to, for example, the energy processing device 20. This facilitates on-demand power as energy is converted to power, overcoming limitations associated with baseload power peak dispatch issues.

[0066] 8 illustrates a further embodiment of a well configuration designated by the numeral 50. The overall shape is saddle-shaped, with the interconnecting loop sections being arched and adjacent to one another. The inlet wells 14 can be connected to each of the loop sections 16 in a hub or manifold arrangement 52, or valved at 54 for selective operation. Similarly, the outlets 18 can be connected in the same manner.

[0067] FIG. 9 illustrates yet another possible variation of the generally inverted parabolic shape.

[0068] 10 illustrates another well system configuration in which the inlets 14 may be separate from a distant point in the configuration or may be joined at 56. Similarly, the outlets 18 may be joined at 58. To be co-located, the outlets 58 and inlets 56 may be extended to be in geographic proximity.

[0069] 11 illustrates a generally conical configuration in which the exit well 18 may be at the bottom of the configuration or at the top as shown by the dotted line. The lower portions of the loop sections 16 may be connected together or may be separate.

[0070] FIG. 12 illustrates yet another configuration, generally in the shape of a whisk. In this embodiment, the loop 16 of sections can have concentric inlets 14 and outlets 18, with fluid from the inlets flowing in the direction of arrows 62 and outlet flowing at 64. This arrangement allows a larger volume of the formation to be "harvested" for heat in the formation 12 outside the configuration, and in the formation volume 66 within the configuration. One advantage with this configuration is that all crossings occur in a single drill hole or "mother hole", simplifying electromagnetic signal transfer, which can even be accomplished by placing fixed devices in the mother hole or passively. Another advantage is that only one vertical hole is required to accommodate both the inlet and outlet flow rates.

[0071] Turning to Figure 13, there is illustrated diagrammatically a sector of a wellbore system, generally designated by the numeral 68. The sector 68 is within the thermally productive formation 12, and the positioning of different wellbore configurations is positioned in predefined zones to maximize gradient coverage. In this example, the sector 68 provides for an overlapping and spaced apart arrangement of loop sections 16 that share a common inlet well 14 and a common outlet well 18.

[0072] Depending on the parameters, the circulation of the fluid may follow the patterns shown at A through F. In this manner, at least a portion of the heated fluid from the top loop section 70 may preheat the fluid entering the bottom loop section 72. Alternatively, each of the loop sections 70 and 72 may operate independently.

[0073] As with the remaining configurations, the annular configuration 80 may receive heated fluid from the outlets 18 of the stacked arrangements 70, 72 as indicated by dotted line 74, or may simply have an independent inlet well 14 as indicated by dashed line 76.

[0074] The whisk configuration can have a separate inlet well 14 and outlet well 18 positioned at the bottom, or the inlet well can be common to that of the annular configuration as indicated by numeral 78.

[0075] Finally, the saddle configuration may include a common exit well with the annular configuration 80 .

[0076] It will be understood that all inlet wells 14 and outlet wells 18 extend to the surface or to the conversion device 20 (FIG. 1) for operation. In FIG. 13, the wells 14, 18 are cut away for clarity of illustration.

[0077] Sector 68 is merely exemplary, as are any combination of wellbore configurations, common and independent. With interconnecting directional drilling, coordinated motion, and sensor-guided drilling, any pattern or configuration can be synchronized to utilize even the most irregular, heterogeneous, multi-zone gradient distributions. All of these features, when combined with the fact that the technology does not involve piping liners or other mechanical devices within the heat recovery interconnection sections, rapidly remove the geometric limitations for configurations, thus enabling the mining of any gradient in any rock formation.

[0078] 14 is another example of a well arrangement 82 for recovering thermal energy from a particular volume of the formation 12. In this example, the debris section 19 can include a sensor 84 to transmit information regarding debris accretion. In this manner, the working fluid can be altered in composition to incorporate chemical additives to reduce / repair compromised areas of the well system. The arrangement of interconnected sections 16 may be arranged in a spaced apart array as shown to recover thermal energy.

[0079] Additionally, as illustrated in FIG. 15, the auxiliary section 86 may be in fluid communication with the respective section 16 to which it is attached and may incorporate a valve mechanism 88 to allow selective operation. The auxiliary section 88 may be used to store heated working fluid that may be selectively used as a thermal driver in the deployment for the well system in this example, or through a suitable interconnection to another well system (not shown in this figure). As illustrated, the auxiliary section 86 may be positioned in a coplanar arrangement with the section to which it is attached, or in an orthogonal plane as indicated by the dotted line in the figure. Suitable variations thereto are envisioned depending on the gradient characteristics.

[0080] 16 and 16A illustrate grouped well systems 82 at different angular locations within the formation. In the grouped configuration, the systems 82 are modularized within a particular volume of the formation 12, thus allowing for convenient overall co-location of the inlet wells 14 and the outlet wells 18 in a small footprint. Within a module, the inlet wells 14 and the outlet wells may be common to individual well systems or may be common to all modules in the system 82.

[0081] FIG. 17 provides the possibility of interconnecting subsections 86 between adjacent wells at 90 or of supplementing heat from one outlet 18 to the inlet 14 of an adjacent well.

[0082] In FIG. 18, the network depicted is intended to convey the characteristic that energy generated within any well system 82 can be taken directly for use elsewhere through energy generating devices 20 associated with systems 82, linked from one system 82 to another 82, as indicated by numeral 96, or further grouped as indicated by numeral 98 for ultimate use on the power grid 28 to provide power on demand regardless of the quantity demand. [Industrial Applicability]

[0083] The technology has potential applications in the wellbore formation, drilling, and energy recovery areas of technology. [Explanation of symbols]

[0084] 3 Supply hole 4 Return Hole 5 Heat absorption holes 6 Fracture zones, interconnected sections 10. Closed Loop Well System 12 Heat-producing strata 14 Entrance well, entrance 16 Interconnecting well section, interconnecting section, loop section, loop of sections 18 Exit well, exit 19 Debris Capture Section 20 Energy processing devices, conversion devices, energy generating devices 22 Dotted Line 24 Other Uses 26 Storage 28 Power grid 30 Solar power generation devices 32 Wind power generation devices 34 Conduit, extension 36 Internal 38 areas 40 Connections 42 Circular well configuration 44 Main entrance hub well 46 Valve device, main inlet hub well 48 Main outlet hub well 50 Well configuration 52 Manifold arrangement 54 Valve Control 56 Entrance 58 Exit 62 Arrow 64 Arrow 66 Strata Volume 68 sectors 70 Loop Section, Placement 72 Loop section, arrangement 74 Dotted Line 76 Chain Line 78 Entrance Well 80 Circular Configuration 82 Well arrangement, well system 84 Sensors 86 Auxiliary Section 88 Valve mechanism, auxiliary section 90 possibilities 96 connected 98 Grouping

Claims

1. 1. A method for constructing a wellbore in a thermally productive formation, comprising: independently drilling a well into the formation having an inlet well and an outlet well; communicating between the inlet well and the outlet well during drilling to intersect to form a continuous well having an interconnected section between the inlet well and the outlet well, the interconnected section having a predefined angular configuration with respect to the inlet well and the outlet well within the formation; conditioning at least the interconnected sections to facilitate heat recovery by working fluid flow therethrough without casing or liner material in the interconnected sections; A method comprising:

2. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the adjusting step is accomplished by at least one of a sequenced combination of continuous drilling, discontinuous drilling, drilling periods, post-drilling, and drilling of at least one of the inlet well and the outlet well.

3. 3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein adjusting comprises introducing at least one of a composition not native to the formation, a unit operation, and a combination thereof.

4. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising dynamically varying the adjusting step in response to signaling data from at least one of the inlet well drilling operation and the outlet well drilling operation.

5. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the unit operations include controlling a temperature of a drilling fluid, pre-cooling a rock face in the formation being drilled, and modifying a pore space of a wellbore formed from drilling in the formation.

6. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein modifying the pore space includes at least one of activating the pore space for subsequent processing to render the pore space impermeable to ingress of formation fluids into the interconnected sections or egress of the working fluid into the formation, sealing the pore space during drilling in a continuous operation, sealing the pore space during drilling in a discontinuous operation, and combinations thereof.

7. The method of claim 5, further comprising selecting a change based on signaling data from signaling between the inlet well and the outlet well.

8. The method of claim 5 , wherein the unit operations include forming a conduit in the formation relative to a longitudinal axis of the interconnected section and in fluid communication with the formation for enhancing heat recovery by the working fluid.

9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the conduit has a terminal end.

10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the conduit comprises radial hole sections, induced fractures, induced cracks, induced fissures, and combinations thereof.

11. The method of claim 9 , further comprising enhancing heat recovery by the conduit by including a buoyancy-driven convection cell.

12. The method of claim 10 , further comprising positioning a radial hole section of the interconnect section in thermal contact with an adjacent radial hole section of an adjacent interconnect section of another well.

13. The method of claim 10, further comprising connecting radial hole sections of the interconnected section to each other for fluid communication with adjacent radial hole sections of adjacent interconnected sections of another well.

14. 14. The method of claim 1, further comprising positioning the interconnection section within the formation relative to a plane of the inlet well and a plane of the outlet well, wherein the plane of the interconnection section lies in a plane selected from the group including an orthogonal plane, an acute plane, an obtuse plane, a coplanar plane, and a parallel plane relative to the plane of at least one of the inlet well and the outlet well.

15. 1. A well configuration suitable for recovering thermal energy from a heat-producing geological formation through the circulation of a fluid therethrough, comprising: The entrance well, An exit well, an interconnection section in fluid communication with the inlet well and the outlet well and disposed within a thermally productive zone of the formation; a selectively operable auxiliary section in fluid circulation communication with the interconnect section for storing heated fluid; a debris section in fluid communication with at least one of the inlet well, the outlet well, and the interconnecting section for collecting debris from the well, the outlet well is at least one of concentric with the inlet well and between 5° and 175° relative to the inlet well; a debris section, the interconnected section being between 5° and 355° relative to the inlet well; a conversion device connected to the well to form a closed loop and collect thermal energy recovered from the fluid for conversion; A well configuration comprising:

16. 16. The well configuration of claim 15, wherein the auxiliary section includes a selectively operable valve for allowing stored heated fluid circulation to access the interconnected section.

17. 17. The well configuration of claim 15 or 16, wherein the auxiliary section includes a selectively operable outlet in fluid communication with the conversion device and at least one of an adjacent well configuration.

18. 18. The well configuration of any one of claims 15 to 17, wherein the auxiliary section enhances heat recovery by including buoyancy-driven convection cells.

19. 19. The well configuration of any one of claims 15 to 18, comprising a plurality of said well configurations.

20. 20. The well configuration of claim 19, comprising a plurality of said well configurations in at least one of a concentric and spaced apart relationship, a spaced laterally offset parallel planar relationship, including a common inlet well and a common outlet well, and combinations thereof.

21. 15. The well configuration of claim 14, comprising a plurality of interconnected sections in fluid communication with said inlet well and said outlet well, said well configuration having a plurality of spaced apart arrays of said interconnected sections in a predefined pattern.

22. 22. The well configuration of claim 21, wherein the plurality of interconnected sections includes at least one of a common inlet well and a common outlet well.

23. 22. The well configuration of claim 21, wherein each of the plurality of interconnected sections has an inlet well and is collectively connected to a common outlet well.

24. 24. The well configuration of any one of claims 15 to 23, wherein the debris section includes a sensor for detecting collected debris within the section.

25. 1. A method of forming a well configuration suitable for recovering thermal energy from a heat-producing geological formation through circulation of a fluid therethrough, comprising: independently drilling an inlet well and an outlet well at predefined locations in the formation; cross-drilling from the inlet well and the outlet well to form an interconnection section in a predefined thermally productive area of ​​the formation location between the inlet well and the outlet well, the outlet well being at least one of: concentric with the inlet well; at an angle between 5° and 175° relative to the inlet well; and the interconnection section being at an angle between 5° and 355° relative to the inlet well; forming a selectively operable auxiliary section in selective fluid circulation communication with said interconnected section for storing heated fluid; forming a debris section in fluid communication with at least one of the inlet well, the outlet well, and the interconnection section for collecting debris from a well; providing a conversion device in communication with the well to form a closed loop and collect thermal energy recovered from the fluid for conversion; The method includes:

26. 26. The method of claim 25, wherein the step of cross-drilling from the inlet well and the outlet well to form an interconnected section between the inlet well and the outlet is performed by electromagnetic signal transmission.

27. 27. The method of claim 26, further comprising selectively disposing electromagnetic signal transmission devices in predefined combinations of the inlet wells, the outlet wells, the debris sections, and the interconnect sections.

28. 28. The method of claim 27, further comprising operating the electromagnetic signaling devices in a predefined sequence.

29. 30. The method of claim 28, further comprising the step of signaling the ongoing well with signaling from an adjacent previously formed well.

30. 31. The method of any one of claims 25 to 30, further comprising the step of placing a sensor in the debris section.

31. The method of claim 30 , further comprising altering a chemical composition of the working fluid in response to a sensing signal from the debris section.

32. 32. The method of any one of claims 25 to 31, wherein the formation is a geothermal formation.

33. 33. The method of any one of claims 25 to 32, further comprising circulating a fluid within the interconnected section in the absence of a casing and a liner.

34. 33. The method of claim 32, wherein the geothermal formation has a temperature of 40°C or greater.

35. 35. The method of any one of claims 25 to 34, further comprising the step of providing a plurality of interconnected sections in fluid communication with the inlet well and the outlet well, the configuration having a plurality of spaced apart arrays of the interconnected sections in a predefined pattern.

36. 36. The method of claim 35, further comprising selectively circulating the fluid as a slipstream from one array to an inlet point of a spaced apart second array prior to discharging from the outlet well common to all arrays.

37. 37. The method of claim 36, wherein the slipstream preheats fluid from the inlet well before circulating it through the spaced apart second array.

38. 37. The method of claim 36, further comprising distributing the slipstream to adjacent well configurations for thermal augmentation of the adjacent wells.

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