Power supply system, and operation method power supply system

Abstract

To provide a technique suitable for dealing with predicted commercial power outages capable of maintaining power supply for as long as possible even in the event of a commercial power outage due to a disaster or other reason.SOLUTION: A disclosed power supply system 1a includes: solar power generation equipment 10; a piece of battery storage equipment 30; and a control unit 50a. The control unit 50a controls the operation of the solar power generation equipment 10 and the operation of the battery storage equipment 30. The power supply system 1a is connected to a commercial power source 2. The control unit 50a is configured so as to, when a power outage of commercial power source 2 is predicted, operate the power supply system 1a in power failure preparation mode. In the power failure preparation mode, when the amount of stored electricity in the battery storage equipment 30 is less than the target value, the control unit 50a is configured to control the battery storage equipment 30 to charge regardless of the power generated by the solar power generation system 10.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an electric power supply system and a method for operating an electric power supply system. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 describes a power system that transfers power generated by a photovoltaic power generation system between a storage battery and a power load. This power system includes a solar cell and a charger / discharger that charges and discharges the storage battery, and can charge the storage battery with the power generated by the solar cell. This power system is configured to combine the power of the commercial grid, the solar cell, and the storage battery and supply it to the power load. This power system predicts the amount of power generated by the solar cell and the amount of power demand consumed by the power load from actual weather information that indicates the actually observed weather and weather forecast information that indicates the forecast of the weather, and based on this prediction, makes a plan for charging and discharging by the charger / discharger and controls the charging and discharging. This power system thereby improves the efficiency of storing surplus power in the storage battery and can cut peak power from the commercial power grid. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2009-284586 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] Although the power system described in Patent Document 1 can efficiently charge and discharge the storage battery based on weather information, it cannot prepare for disasters that may cause a commercial power outage, such as typhoons, etc. Therefore, the present disclosure provides a technology suitable for dealing with predicted commercial power outages, which can maintain the power supply for as long as possible even when a commercial power outage occurs due to a disaster or the like. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The power supply system according to the present disclosure includes: Solar power generation equipment, A battery storage facility; A control device that controls the operation of the solar power generation facility and the operation of the storage battery facility, The power supply system is connected to a commercial power source, The control device operates the power supply system in a power outage preparation mode when a power outage of the commercial power supply is predicted, In the power outage preparation mode, when the amount of stored power in the storage battery equipment is less than a target value, the control device charges the storage battery equipment regardless of the power generated by the solar power generation equipment.

[0006] The method for operating a power supply system according to the present disclosure includes: The power supply system includes a solar power generation facility and a storage battery facility, The power supply system is connected to a commercial power source, When a power outage of the commercial power supply is predicted and the amount of stored power in the storage battery equipment is less than a target value, the storage battery equipment is charged regardless of the power generated in the solar power generation equipment. Effect of the Invention

[0007] The technology disclosed herein is a technology suitable for dealing with predicted commercial power outages, which can maintain power supply for as long as possible even in the event of a commercial power outage due to a disaster or the like. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] A configuration diagram of a power supply system according to a first embodiment. [Diagram 2] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a procedure for operating the power supply system according to the first embodiment in a normal mode. [Diagram 3] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of control content in a normal mode of the power supply system according to the first embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an operation procedure of a power outage preparation mode of the power supply system according to the first embodiment. [Diagram 5] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of control content in a power outage preparation mode of the power supply system according to the first embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a procedure for operating the power supply system in a power outage warning mode according to the first embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the control content of a power outage warning mode of the power supply system according to the first embodiment. [Figure 8] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an operation procedure in a power failure response mode of the power supply system according to the first embodiment. [Figure 9] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of control content in a power failure response mode of the power supply system according to the first embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0009] (The knowledge and other information that formed the basis of this disclosure) At the time when the present inventors came up with the idea of ​​the present disclosure, a power supply system that links a photovoltaic power generation facility, a storage battery facility, and a commercial power source was being studied. For example, in the power system described in Patent Document 1, the amount of power generated by the solar cell and the amount of power demand consumed by the power load are predicted based on actual weather information indicating the actually observed weather and weather forecast information indicating the forecast of the weather, and the storage battery is efficiently charged and discharged based on this prediction, thereby making it possible to operate the entire power supply system efficiently.

[0010] As disclosed in Patent Document 1, there have been studies on efficient operation of a power supply system that links a photovoltaic power generation facility, a storage battery facility, and a commercial power source. However, there has been little progress in studies on a power supply system that can maintain the power supply for as long as possible even during a power outage, in preparation for predictable power outages such as commercial power outages caused by disasters such as typhoons. Therefore, there is a demand for a power supply system that can deal with predictable power outages in advance.

[0011] In view of such circumstances, the present inventors have conducted extensive research into a technology for maintaining power supply for as long as possible even when a power outage of the commercial power supply is predicted in a power supply system linking a photovoltaic power generation facility, a storage battery facility, and a commercial power source, by dealing with the power outage in advance when the power outage of the commercial power supply is predicted. As a result, it has been newly discovered that in a power supply system linking a photovoltaic power generation facility, a storage battery facility, and a commercial power source, when a power outage of the commercial power supply is predicted, the power supply system is operated according to the state of the storage battery facility determined using a target value of the storage amount of the storage battery facility, thereby maintaining power supply for as long as possible even when a power outage occurs.

[0012] Based on this knowledge, the present inventors further investigated a power supply system that can maintain power supply for as long as possible even in the event of a power outage, and came up with the technology according to the present disclosure.

[0013] Hereinafter, the embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, more detailed explanation than necessary may be omitted. For example, detailed explanation of already well-known matters or duplicate explanation of substantially the same configuration may be omitted. This is to avoid the following explanation becoming more redundant than necessary and to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art.

[0014] The accompanying drawings and the following description are provided to enable those skilled in the art to fully understand the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the subject matter recited in the claims.

[0015] (Embodiment 1) Hereinafter, an embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG.

[0016] [1-1. Configuration] FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a power supply system according to a first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the power supply system 1a includes a solar power generation facility 10, a storage battery facility 30, and a control device 50a. The power supply system 1a is interconnected with a commercial power source 2. As shown in FIG. 1, the power supply system 1a may further include a fuel cell facility 20. That is, the power supply system 1a according to the first embodiment may be a system that supplies power to a power load 5 by linking the solar power generation facility 10, the fuel cell facility 20, the storage battery facility 30, and the commercial power source 2. Hereinafter, in the first embodiment, an example will be described in which the power supply system 1a has a configuration including the solar power generation facility 10, the fuel cell facility 20, the storage battery facility 30, and the control device 50a.

[0017] The control device 50a controls the operation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment 10, the fuel cell equipment 20, and the storage battery equipment 30. The control device 50a is, for example, a computer including a storage device that stores programs necessary for these controls, and a processor that reads and executes the programs from the storage device.

[0018] The solar power generation facility 10 includes a solar power generation module 11, a DCDC converter 12, a DCAC inverter 13, and a control device 50c. The solar power generation module 11 includes a solar cell panel. Examples of the solar cell include a monocrystalline silicon solar cell, a polycrystalline silicon solar cell, a thin-film silicon solar cell, a CIS solar cell, a CIGS solar cell, an organic semiconductor solar cell, and a perovskite solar cell. The solar power generation facility 10 may include, for example, a plurality of solar power generation modules 11. The DCDC converter 12 converts the DC power generated in the solar power generation module 11 into DC power of a desired voltage. The DCAC inverter 13 converts the DC power output from the DCDC converter 12 into AC power suitable for power supply to the outside of the solar power generation facility 10. This AC power is supplied, for example, to an electric circuit 70 outside the solar power generation facility 10.

[0019] The control device 50c is connected to the control device 50a in a wired or wireless manner so as to be able to communicate with the control device 50a. For example, the control device 50c controls the operations of the DCDC converter 12 and the DCAC inverter 13 in accordance with a control signal received from the control device 50a. The control device 50c also controls the power generation P PV The control device 50c transmits data indicating the current or power output from the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 to the control device 50a. This data may be, for example, data indicating the current or power output from the photovoltaic power generation facility 10. The photovoltaic power generation facility 10 may be equipped with a current sensor or a power sensor to acquire such data. The control device 50c is, for example, a computer equipped with a storage device that stores a program required for operating the photovoltaic power generation facility 10, and a processor that reads out and executes the program from the storage device.

[0020] The fuel cell equipment 20 includes, for example, a plurality of fuel cell systems 20a, 20b, and 20c. Each of the fuel cell systems 20a, 20b, and 20c includes, for example, a fuel cell stack 21, a DCDC converter 22, a DCAC inverter 23, and a control device 50d. Examples of fuel cells include a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, a solid oxide fuel cell, a phosphoric acid fuel cell, and a molten carbonate fuel cell. A fuel cell stack 21 is supplied with a fuel gas and an oxidant gas, and electric power is generated by the reaction of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas in the fuel cell stack 21, and the DC power is output to the outside of the fuel cell stack 21. The DCDC converter 22 converts the DC power output from the fuel cell stack 21 into DC power of a desired voltage. The DCAC inverter 23 converts the DC power output from the DCDC converter 22 into AC power suitable for power supply to the outside of the fuel cell equipment 20. The AC power is supplied to, for example, an electric circuit 70 outside the fuel cell equipment 20.

[0021] The control device 50d is connected to the control device 50a by wire or wirelessly so as to be able to communicate with it. For example, the control device 50d performs control necessary for the operation of the fuel cell system 20a, 20b, or 20c according to a control signal received from the control device 50a. For example, the control device 50d controls the operation of the DCDC converter 22, the DCAC inverter 23, and auxiliary equipment (not shown). Examples of the auxiliary equipment are a pump, a blower, and a valve. The pump and the blower send fuel gas and oxidant gas toward the fuel cell stack 21, for example. The control device 50d also transmits data indicating the power generated in the fuel cell system 20a, 20b, or 20c to the control device 50a. This data may be, for example, data indicating the magnitude of the current output from the fuel cell system 20a, 20b, or 20c. The control device 50d is, for example, a computer including a storage device in which a program necessary for the operation of the fuel cell system 20a, 20b, or 20c is stored, and a processor that reads out and executes the program from the storage device.

[0022] The DCAC inverter 23 may convert AC power supplied to the fuel cell system 20a, 20b, or 20c from an electric circuit 70 outside the fuel cell equipment 20 into DC power. This DC power is used, for example, to start up the fuel cell system 20a, 20b, or 20c. For example, the DC power is used to operate auxiliary equipment.

[0023] The fuel used in the fuel cell equipment 20 is, for example, pure hydrogen. In this case, the fuel cell equipment 20 further includes a tank (not shown) in which pure hydrogen is stored. Hydrogen gas is supplied from this tank as fuel gas to the fuel cell stack 21. The fuel used in the fuel cell equipment 20 may contain a hydrocarbon gas such as methane gas, propane gas, or butane gas. In this case, the fuel cell equipment 20 includes a reformer. A hydrogen-containing gas is generated as fuel gas from the hydrocarbon gas in the reformer, and the hydrogen-containing gas is supplied to the fuel cell stack 21. Examples of fuels containing hydrocarbon gas are city gas and LP gas.

[0024] The storage battery equipment 30 includes, for example, a storage battery module 31, a bidirectional DCDC converter 32, a DCAC inverter 33, and a control device 50b. The storage battery equipment 30 includes, for example, a plurality of storage battery modules 31 and a plurality of bidirectional DCDC converters 32. For example, one bidirectional DCDC converter 32 is associated with and connected to one storage battery module 31. A specific terminal of the bidirectional DCDC converter 32 is connected to a specific terminal of the DCAC inverter 33. The storage battery module 31 includes a plurality of storage batteries. The storage batteries are not limited to a specific type of storage battery. Examples of the storage batteries are a lithium ion battery, a redox flow battery, and a sodium sulfur battery.

[0025] When charging the battery equipment 30, AC power supplied from an electric circuit 70 outside the battery equipment 30 is converted into DC power by the DCAC inverter 33. The DC power obtained by the DCAC inverter 33 is converted into DC power of a voltage suitable for charging the battery module 31 by the bidirectional DCDC converter 32. The DC power output from the DCDC converter 32 is supplied to the battery module 31 to charge the battery module 31. In this case, the potential V1 at a specific terminal of the bidirectional DCDC converter 32 is adjusted to be lower than the potential V2 at a specific terminal of the DCAC inverter 33.

[0026] When discharging the battery equipment 30, the potential V1 at a specific terminal of the bidirectional DCDC converter 32 is adjusted to be higher than the potential V2 at a specific terminal of the DCAC inverter 33. As a result, the power stored in the battery module 31 is discharged as DC power. This DC power is converted into DC power of a desired voltage in the bidirectional DCDC converter 32. The DC power output from the bidirectional DCDC converter 32 is converted into AC power in the DCAC inverter 33, which is suitable for supplying power outside the battery equipment 30. The AC power output from the DCAC inverter 33 is supplied to an electric circuit 70 outside the battery equipment 30.

[0027] The control device 50b is connected to the control device 50a by wire or wirelessly so as to be able to communicate with it. For example, the control device 50b performs control necessary for the operation of the storage battery equipment 30 according to a control signal received from the control device 50a. For example, the control device 50b controls the operation of the bidirectional DCDC converter 32 and the DCAC inverter 33. In addition, the control device 50a transmits data indicating the amount of stored electricity in the storage battery equipment 30 to the control device 50a. The control device 50b is, for example, a computer including a storage device in which a program necessary for the operation of the storage battery equipment 30 is stored, and a processor that reads out and executes the program from the storage device.

[0028] As shown in FIG. 1, the power supply system 1a further includes, for example, a current sensor 3a, a current sensor 3b, and a distribution board 4. The current sensor 3a is disposed between the commercial power source 2 and the distribution board 4 in the electric circuit 70. The current sensor 3a is connected to the control device 50a by wire or wirelessly. The control device 50a, for example, acquires data indicating the current at the current sensor 3a from the current sensor 3a. The current sensor 3b is disposed between the distribution board 4 and the power load 5 in the electric circuit 70. The current sensor 3b is connected to the control device 50a by wire or wirelessly. The control device 50a acquires, for example, a detection result of the load current from the current sensor 3b.

[0029] 1, the control device 50a is connected to, for example, a network 60. The network 60 is a network including, for example, an electric communication line such as the Internet. The network 60 may include a public line or a dedicated line. For example, in addition to the control device 50a, an energy management system (EMS) server 52, a power outage information providing server 54, and a disaster information providing server 56 are connected to each other via the network 60 so as to be able to communicate with each other.

[0030] The EMS server 52 transmits instructions regarding the operation mode of the power supply system 1a to the control device 50a. The control device 50a receives the instructions regarding the operation mode from the EMS server 52 via the network 60. In this case, the control device 50a determines the control contents of the operation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment 10, the operation of the fuel cell equipment 20, the operation of the storage battery equipment 30, and the reception of power from the commercial power source 2, according to the instructed operation mode. Based on the control contents, the control device 50a transmits control signals required for the operation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment 10, the operation of the fuel cell equipment 20, and the operation of the storage battery equipment 30 to the control devices 50c, 50d, and 50b, respectively.

[0031] The power outage information providing server 54 provides, for example, power outage information to the EMS server 52 via the network 60. The power outage information providing server 54 may be operated, for example, by a power company. The disaster information providing server 56 provides, for example, disaster information to the EMS server 52 via the network 60. The disaster information providing server 56 may be operated, for example, by a weather company.

[0032] [1-2. Operation] An example of the operation of the power supply system 1a will be described.

[0033] (Normal mode) 2 shows a procedure for operating the power supply system in the normal mode according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, when the control device 50a receives an instruction to operate in the normal mode from the EMS server 52, it acquires the detection result of the load current from the current sensor 3b. In addition, the control device 50a acquires data indicating the current amount of stored power in the battery equipment 30 and the generated power P PV The control device 50a acquires data showing the results of the normal mode. The control device 50a determines the control content in the normal mode based on the acquired data. The amount of stored power may be expressed as a physical quantity having a dimension such as ampere-hours or watt-hours, or may be expressed as a quantitative indication of the state of stored power relative to a fully charged state and a fully discharged state such as State of Charge (SoC).

[0034] Fig. 3 shows an example of the control contents in the normal mode of the power supply system according to the first embodiment. As shown in Fig. 3, in the normal mode, the commercial power source 2 is in a conducting state. The control device 50a calculates the power consumption PL of the power load 5 connected to the power supply system 1a based on the detection result of the load current. When the power consumption PL is multiplied by the power generation power P in the solar power generation facility 10, PV In the following cases, the control device 50a stops the operation of the fuel cell equipment 20. In addition, the control device 50a charges the battery equipment 30 when possible, and puts the battery equipment 30 on hold when the current amount of stored electricity has reached the maximum value. PV and the power consumption PL is greater than the power generation P PV and the maximum power generation P of the fuel cell equipment 20 FCMAX If the power consumption PL is less than the sum of the generated power P and the power consumption PL, the control device 50a discharges the battery equipment 30. This discharge is adjusted to absorb short-period fluctuations in the power consumption PL. PV The fuel cell equipment 20 is made to generate power to make up for the shortage of the power consumption PL. PV and the maximum power generation P of the fuel cell equipment 20 FCMAX If the power output is equal to or greater than the sum of the power output P FCMAX In addition, the control device 50a controls the power generation P PV and the maximum power generation P of the fuel cell equipment 20 FCMAX In these cases, the power supply system 1a can supply the necessary power to the power load 5 without power supply from the commercial power source 2. PV and the maximum power generation P of the fuel cell equipment 20 FCMAX If the accumulated power amount is equal to or greater than the sum of the accumulated power amount and the accumulated power amount is zero, the control device 50a permits reception of power from the commercial power source 2, and power from the commercial power source 2 is supplied to the power load 5 in proportion to the power shortage.

[0035] The power supply system 1a can reduce the amount of power supplied from the commercial power source 2 even when the commercial power source 2 is energized, which is advantageous from the standpoint of reducing the environmental load, for example.

[0036] As shown in FIG. 2, in the normal mode, the control device 50a transmits control signals to the control devices 50b, 50c, and 50d according to the control content determined as described above. For example, when the battery storage equipment 30 is charged or discharged, the control device 50b controls the operation of the bidirectional DC-DC converter 32 according to the control signal received from the control device 50a. The control device 50c controls the energization of the DC-DC converter 12 according to the control signal received from the control device 50a. The control device 50d adjusts the operating state of the fuel cell system 20a, 20b, or 20c according to the control signal received from the control device 50a. As a result, for example, the output from the fuel cell system 20a, 20b, or 20c is adjusted so that the desired power generation is obtained in the fuel cell equipment 20.

[0037] The control device 50a monitors the load current, the current amount of stored power in the battery equipment 30, and the generated power P PV The results of the fuel cell equipment 20 and the generated power P FC The control device 50a acquires data showing the results of the above. Based on these data, the control device 50a again determines the control content according to the relationship shown in FIG. 3, and transmits control signals to the control devices 50b, 50c, and 50d according to the control content. The control devices 50b, 50c, and 50d each control the operation of the storage battery equipment 30, the photovoltaic power generation equipment 10, and the fuel cell equipment 20 according to the control signal received from the control device 50a. After this, the control device 50 repeats the acquisition of data and the determination of the control content, and the control for the operation of the storage battery equipment 30, the photovoltaic power generation equipment 10, and the fuel cell equipment 20 according to the control content. In the control device 50a, the determination of the control content for the operation of the fuel cell equipment 20 is repeated, for example, at intervals of 30 minutes.

[0038] (Power outage preparation mode)FIG. 4 shows a procedure for operating the power supply system according to the first embodiment in the power outage preparation mode. As shown in FIG. 4, for example, the EMS server 52 receives disaster information from the disaster information providing server 56. The disaster information is not limited to a specific type of disaster information. Examples of the disaster information include information on typhoons, landslides, heavy rain, lightning, earthquakes, and tsunamis. When the disaster is, for example, a typhoon, the disaster information is typhoon approach information based on the predicted path of the typhoon and the strength of the typhoon. The typhoon approach information includes prediction information on the approach distance and approach time of the typhoon to the location of the power supply system 1a. For example, prediction information includes how far the typhoon will be from the location of the power supply system 1a when the typhoon approaches closest to the location of the power supply system 1a, that is, whether the typhoon is predicted to hit the location of the power supply system 1a directly. Whether or not the typhoon will hit the location of the power supply system 1a directly may be determined, for example, in a typhoon path prediction, based on the distance between the center of the typhoon and the location of the power supply system 1a (for example, expressed by latitude and longitude) when the typhoon approaches the location of the power supply system 1a closest to the location of the power supply system 1a, or based on the probability that the location of the power supply system 1a will be in the storm area. The disaster information may also be information that identifies an area where a warning or advisory regarding landslides, heavy rain, lightning, and tsunami has been issued. If the disaster is an earthquake, the disaster information may be information that identifies an area where an emergency earthquake warning has been issued, for example. When the EMS server 52 determines based on the disaster information that a power outage of the commercial power source 2 is predicted to occur in the location of the power supply system 1a, it transmits an instruction to switch to a power outage preparation mode to the control device 50a. The power outage preparation mode may have a plurality of sub-modes that are distinguished based on, for example, the time remaining until the power outage predicted based on the disaster information, that is, the urgency of the power outage response. The power outage preparation mode may have, for example, two sub-modes. In this case, the power outage preparation mode may have a first sub-mode and a second sub-mode in which a power outage is more imminent than in the first sub-mode. In this case, the second sub-mode indicates a higher urgency of power outage response than the first sub-mode.When the power outage preparation mode has a first sub-mode and a second sub-mode, the EMS server 52 determines an appropriate sub-mode according to the urgency of the power outage response determined based on the disaster information, and transmits an instruction to the control device 50a to switch to the sub-mode. When the control device 50a receives the instruction to switch to the power outage preparation mode, the control device 50a acquires the detection result of the load current from the current sensor 3b. In addition, the control device 50a acquires data indicating the current amount of stored power in the storage battery equipment 30 and the generated power P in the photovoltaic power generation equipment 10. PV The control device 50a acquires data showing the results of the power outage preparation mode. The control device 50a determines the control content in the power outage preparation mode based on the acquired data. If the power outage preparation mode has sub-modes, the control device 50a determines the control content in the sub-mode to which the transition is instructed.

[0039] Fig. 5 shows an example of the control contents of the power outage preparation mode of the power supply system according to the first embodiment. Here, an example will be described in which the power outage preparation mode has the above-mentioned first sub-mode and second sub-mode. In the power outage preparation mode, the commercial power source 2 is in a conducting state.

[0040] When a power outage of the commercial power source 2 is predicted, in other words, when an instruction to transition to the power outage preparation mode is received, the control device 50a charges the storage battery equipment 30 so that the amount of stored electricity in the storage battery equipment 30 becomes equal to or greater than the target value B1, regardless of the submode instructed (i.e., in either case of an instruction to transition to the first submode or an instruction to transition to the second submode). This allows the power supply system 1a to prepare for a power outage of the commercial power source 2, and therefore can maintain power supply for a longer period of time when a power outage occurs. In other words, the power supply system 1a according to the first embodiment is suitable for dealing with a predicted power outage of the commercial power source because it can maintain power supply for as long as possible even when a power outage of the commercial power source occurs due to a disaster.

[0041] Here, the target value B1 of the amount of stored power in the battery equipment 30 may be changed to an appropriate target value for each submode. That is, in consideration of the urgency of responding to a power outage, a first target value may be set as the target value B1 of the amount of stored power in the first submode, and a second target value different from the first target value may be set as the target value B1 of the amount of stored power in the second submode. In this way, the power supply system 1a can maintain the power supply at the time of a power outage for a long time in preparation for a power outage of the commercial power source 2, even when the time until the predicted power outage is short and there is not enough time to respond to the power outage.

[0042] The target value B1 of the amount of stored power in the power failure preparation mode of the storage battery equipment 30 is not limited to a specific value. For example, the target value B1 in the second sub-mode in which the urgency of preparation for a power failure is higher (i.e., the above-mentioned second target value) is desirably larger than the target value B1 in the first sub-mode (i.e., the above-mentioned first target value). The target value B1 of the amount of stored power in the first sub-mode of the power failure preparation mode may be, for example, 50% or more, 60% or more, or 70% or more of the storage capacity (i.e., the full storage capacity BF) of the storage battery equipment 30. The target value B1 of the amount of stored power in the first sub-mode of the power failure preparation mode may be, for example, 90% or less. In the example shown in FIG. 5, the target value B1 of the amount of stored power in the first sub-mode is 80% of the full storage capacity BF of the storage battery equipment 30. That is, B1=0.8×BF.

[0043] The target value B1 of the amount of stored power in the second sub-mode of the power outage preparation mode may be, for example, 90% or more of the storage capacity (i.e., full storage capacity BF) of the storage battery equipment 30, or may be 100%. In the example shown in Fig. 5, the target value B1 of the amount of stored power in the second sub-mode is 100% of the full storage capacity BF of the storage battery equipment 30. That is, B1 = 1.0 x BF.

[0044] First, an example of the control content in the first sub-mode of the power outage preparation mode will be described.

[0045] When the EMS server 52 determines the first submode of the power outage preparation mode based on the disaster information, it transmits an instruction to the control device 50a to transition to the first submode of the power outage preparation mode. As shown in Fig. 5, an example of a target value B1 of the amount of stored power in the first submode is, for example, 80% of the full storage capacity BF of the storage battery equipment 30. When the control device 50a receives the instruction to transition to the first submode of the power outage preparation mode, it acquires the detection result of the load current from the current sensor 3b, and further transmits data indicating the current amount of stored power B2 in the storage battery equipment 30 and the generated power P in the photovoltaic power generation equipment 10. PV The control device 50a calculates the power consumption PL of the power load 5 connected to the power supply system 1a based on the load current detection result obtained from the current sensor 3b.

[0046] The current stored power amount B2 is less than the target stored power amount B1, and the power consumption PL is the power generation power P PV In the following cases, i.e. B2 <B1かつP PV If PL ≧ PL, the control device 50a stops the operation of the fuel cell equipment 20. In this case, the power supply to the power load 5 is met without power supply from the commercial power source 2. In addition, the control device 50a charges the storage battery equipment 30 so that the amount of stored electricity B2 in the storage battery equipment 30 reaches the target value B1. In this case, the control device 50a calculates the ratio of the generated power P to the power consumption PL. PV The excess power is used to charge the battery storage equipment 30. The control device 50a also permits the reception of power from the commercial power source 2 and the generated power P PV In addition to the excess power, the battery storage equipment 30 is charged using the power received from the commercial power source 2. If the current amount of stored power B2 has not reached the target value B1, the generated power P is increased to store the power up to the target value B1 in a shorter time, taking into account that the time until the predicted power outage is limited. PV In addition to the excess power, it is desirable to store electricity using power from the commercial power source 2.

[0047] The current stored power amount B2 is less than the target stored power amount B1, and the power consumption PL is the power generation power P PVWhen it is larger, that is, B2 < B1 and P PV <When it is <PL, the control device 50a stops the operation of the fuel cell facility 20. In this case, the control device 50a permits power reception from the commercial power supply 2, and for the shortage of the generated power P with respect to the power consumption PL, the power supply to the power load 5 is covered by the power from the commercial power supply 2. In addition, the control device 50a charges the battery facility 30 so that the stored power amount B2 in the battery facility 30 becomes the target value B1. In this case, the control device 50a charges the battery facility 30 using the power received from the commercial power supply 2. As described above, when the current stored power amount B2 has not reached the target value B1 in the first sub-mode, in order to store power up to the target value B1 in a shorter time, it is desirable for the power supply system 1a to store power using the power from the commercial power supply 2. PV When the current stored power amount B2 is equal to or greater than the target value B1 of the stored power amount and the power consumption PL is less than or equal to the generated power P

[0048] in the solar power generation facility 10, that is, B2 ≧ B1 and P PV When it is less than or equal to, that is, B2 ≧ B1 and P PV ≧ PL, the control device 50a stops the operation of the fuel cell facility 20. In this case, the power supply to the power load 5 is covered without power supply from the commercial power supply 2. In addition, the control device 50a charges the battery facility 30 using the excess power of the generated power P with respect to the power consumption PL. PV When the current stored power amount B2 is equal to or greater than the target value B1 of the stored power amount and the power consumption PL is greater than the generated power P

[0049] in the solar power generation facility 10, that is, B2 ≧ B1 and P PV When it is larger, that is, B2 ≧ B1 and P PV <PL, the control device 50a stops the operation of the fuel cell facility 20. In this case, the control device 50a discharges the battery facility 30 until the target value B1 is reached in order to cover the shortage of the generated power P with respect to the power consumption PL. PV When the current stored power amount B2 is equal to or greater than the target value B1 of the stored power amount and the power consumption PL is greater than the generated power P

[0050] As described above, in the first sub-mode, when the current amount of stored power B2 is less than the target value B1 of the amount of stored power, the storage battery equipment 30 stores power until the amount of stored power B2 reaches the target value B1. At this time, the storage of power in the storage battery equipment 30 is performed based on the ratio of the generated power P of the photovoltaic power generation equipment 10 to the consumed power PL. PV In the first submode, not only the excess power from the commercial power source 2 but also the power received from the commercial power source 2 is used. The fuel cell equipment 20 can generate and supply power even if the commercial power source 2 experiences a power outage. Therefore, in the first submode in which the predicted power outage is not yet imminent, it is desirable to secure as much fuel as possible for the fuel cell equipment 20 in anticipation of having the fuel cell equipment 20 generate power in the event of a power outage in the commercial power source 2. Therefore, in the first submode, the operation of the fuel cell equipment 20 is stopped, and the power used to store electricity in the storage battery equipment 30 and the generated power P relative to the consumed power PL are PV It is desirable to use the power of the commercial power source 2 to make up for the shortage. As a result, the power supply system 1a can effectively use the storage battery equipment 30 and the fuel cell equipment 20 to maintain the power supply for a longer period of time even in the event of a commercial power outage due to a disaster.

[0051] Next, an example of the control content in the second sub-mode of the power outage preparation mode will be described.

[0052] When the EMS server 52 determines the second submode of the power outage preparation mode based on the disaster information, it transmits an instruction to the control device 50a to transition to the second submode of the power outage preparation mode. As shown in Fig. 5, an example of a target value B1 of the amount of stored power in the second submode is, for example, 100% of the full storage capacity BF of the storage battery equipment 30. When the control device 50a receives the instruction to transition to the second submode of the power outage preparation mode, it acquires the detection result of the load current from the current sensor 3b, and further transmits data indicating the current amount of stored power B2 in the storage battery equipment 30 and the generated power P in the photovoltaic power generation equipment 10. PV The control device 50a calculates the power consumption PL of the power load 5 connected to the power supply system 1a based on the load current detection result obtained from the current sensor 3b.

[0053] The current stored power amount B2 is smaller than the target value B1 of the stored power amount, and the power consumption PL is the generated power P in the solar power generation facility 10 PV In the following cases, that is, B2 < B1 and P PV ≧PL, the power supply to the power load 5 is covered only by the generated power P in the solar power generation facility 10, that is, without power supply from the fuel cell facility 20 and the commercial power supply 2. In addition, the control device 50a charges the battery facility 30 so that the stored power amount B2 in the battery facility 30 becomes the target value B1. In this case, the control device 50a uses the excess power of the generated power P over the power consumption PL to charge the battery facility 30. Further, the control device 50a permits power reception from the commercial power supply 2, and also uses the power received from the commercial power supply 2 in addition to the excess power of the generated power P to charge the battery facility 30. Furthermore, the control device 50a causes the fuel cell facility 20 to generate power at the maximum generated power P, and also uses the power generated by the fuel cell facility 20 to charge the battery facility 30. As described above, in the second sub-mode of the power outage preparation mode, the predicted occurrence of a power outage is more imminent than in the first sub-mode. Therefore, in the second sub-mode, the urgency of power outage countermeasures is higher than in the first sub-mode. When the current stored power amount B2 has not reached the target value B1 in the second sub-mode, considering that the time until the predicted power outage occurs is more limited, it is necessary to store power up to the target value B1 in a shorter time. Therefore, it is desirable for the power supply system 1a to store power using not only the excess power of the generated power P but also the power from the commercial power supply 2 and the power generated by the fuel cell facility 20.

[0054] The current stored power amount B2 is smaller than the target value B1 of the stored power amount, and the power consumption PL is larger than the generated power P in the solar power generation facility 10 PV That is, when B2 < B1 and P PV <PL, the control device 50a also permits power reception from the commercial power supply 2 and causes the fuel cell facility 20 to generate power at the maximum generated power P FCMAX ​​​​​​​​​​It is caused to generate electricity. In addition, the control device 50a charges the battery facility 30 so that the stored power amount B2 in the battery facility 30 becomes the target value B1. In this case, the control device 50a uses the power from the commercial power supply 2 and the power generated by the fuel cell facility 20 for the power supply to the power load 5 and the charging of the battery facility 30. As described above, when the current stored power amount B2 has not reached the target value B1 in the second sub-mode, in order to store power up to the target value B1 in a shorter time, it is desirable for the power supply system 1a to store power using the power from the commercial power supply 2 and the power generated by the fuel cell facility 20.

[0055] Next, when the current stored power amount B2 is equal to or greater than the target value B1 of the stored power amount and the power consumption PL is the generated power P in the solar power generation facility 10 PV In the following cases, that is, when B2≧B1 and P PV ≧PL, it will be described. In the example shown in FIG. 5, the target value B1 is the full charge capacity BF. Therefore, in the example shown in FIG. 5, the case where the stored power amount B2 is equal to or greater than the target value B1 of the stored power amount means the case where B2 = B1 = BF, that is, the stored power amount B2 has reached the full charge capacity BF. In this case, since the power supply to the power load 5 is covered without power supply from the commercial power supply 2 and the battery facility 30 is stored up to the full charge capacity BF, the control device 50a stops the operation of the fuel cell facility 20 and does not permit power reception from the commercial power supply 2.

[0056] When the current stored power amount B2 is equal to or greater than the target value B1 of the stored power amount and the power consumption PL is the generated power P in the solar power generation facility 10 PV is greater, that is, when B2≧B1 and P PV <PL (as described above, in the example shown in FIG. 5, B2 = B1 = BF and P PV <PL), the control device 50a stops the operation of the fuel cell facility 20. In addition, the control device 50a permits power reception from the commercial power supply 2, and power from the commercial power supply 2 is supplied to the power load 5 according to the shortage of the generated power P for the power consumption PL. PV

[0057] As described above, in the second submode, when the current amount of stored power B2 is smaller than the target value B1 of the amount of stored power, the storage battery equipment 30 stores power until the amount of stored power B2 reaches the target value B1, as in the first submode. At this time, the storage of power in the storage battery equipment 30 is performed based on the ratio of the generated power P of the photovoltaic power generation equipment 10 to the consumed power PL. PV In the second submode, not only the excess power from the commercial power source 2 but also the power received from the commercial power source 2 is used, and further, the power obtained by generating the fuel cell equipment 20 is also used. In the second submode in which a predicted power outage is imminent, priority is given to storing power to the target storage amount B1 in a short period of time, and it is desirable to store not only the power from the commercial power source 2 but also the power obtained by generating the fuel cell equipment 20. In this way, even if a power outage of the commercial power source occurs due to a disaster, the power supply system 1a can effectively use the storage battery equipment 30 to maintain the power supply for a long period of time.

[0058] In addition, in the first and second sub-modes of the power outage preparation mode, when the amount of stored electricity B2 in the battery equipment 30 reaches or exceeds the target value B1, charging and discharging in the battery equipment 30 is put on hold while the amount of stored electricity is maintained at or above the target value.

[0059] As shown in FIG. 4, in the power outage preparation mode, the control device 50a transmits control signals to the control devices 50b, 50c, and 50d according to the control content determined as described above. For example, when charging or discharging the storage battery equipment 30, the control device 50b controls the operation of the bidirectional DC-DC converter 32 according to the control signal received from the control device 50a. The control device 50c controls the energization of the DC-DC converter 12 according to the control signal received from the control device 50a. The control device 50d adjusts the operating state of the fuel cell system 20a, 20b, or 20c according to the control signal received from the control device 50a. As a result, for example, the output from the fuel cell system 20a, 20b, or 20c is adjusted so that the desired power generation power is obtained in the fuel cell equipment 20.

[0060] The control device 50a monitors the load current, the current amount of stored power in the battery equipment 30, and the generated power P PV The results of the fuel cell equipment 20 and the generated power P FC The control device 50a acquires data showing the results of the above. Based on these data, the control device 50a again determines the control content according to the relationship shown in FIG. 5, and transmits control signals to the control devices 50b, 50c, and 50d according to the control content. The control devices 50b, 50c, and 50d each control the operation of the storage battery equipment 30, the photovoltaic power generation equipment 10, and the fuel cell equipment 20 according to the control signal received from the control device 50a. After this, the control device 50 repeats the acquisition of data and the determination of the control content, and the control for the operation of the storage battery equipment 30, the photovoltaic power generation equipment 10, and the fuel cell equipment 20 according to the control content. The control device 50a repeats the determination of the control content for the operation of the fuel cell equipment 20, for example, at intervals of 30 minutes.

[0061] In addition, the criteria for selecting either the first submode or the second submode in the power outage preparation mode vary depending on the type of disaster that will cause a power outage. In the case of a power outage that can be predicted several days in advance, such as a typhoon, the mode is switched to the first submode when it is almost certain that the typhoon will hit directly, and the mode is switched to the second submode when the typhoon is about to hit directly. In the case of a landslide, heavy rain, lightning, and tsunami, where disaster information is divided into stages such as advisories and warnings, the mode is switched to the first submode when an advisory is issued, and the mode is switched to the second submode when a warning is issued. In the case of an earthquake, where a power outage is already about to occur when information is acquired, the mode may be switched directly to the second submode without passing through the first submode.

[0062] (Power outage warning mode) 6 shows the procedure of operation in the power outage warning mode of the power supply system according to the first embodiment. Here, the power outage warning mode is a caution mode to which the system is shifted when it is determined that there is a possibility of a power outage due to a disaster, although the possibility is lower than the predicted power outage that would cause a shift to the power outage preparation mode described above. For example, if the disaster is a typhoon, it is not certain whether the typhoon will directly hit the location of the power supply system 1a, but if the typhoon is approaching the location of the power supply system 1a, it is determined that there is a possibility of a power outage due to a disaster, and the system is shifted to the power outage warning mode.

[0063] As shown in FIG. 6, for example, the EMS server 52 receives disaster information from the disaster information providing server 56. The disaster information is as described above. When the EMS server 52 determines based on the disaster information that there is a possibility of a power outage of the commercial power source 2 at the location of the power supply system 1a, it transmits an instruction to the control device 50a to transition to a power outage warning mode. When the control device 50a receives the instruction to transition to the power outage warning mode, it acquires the detection result of the load current from the current sensor 3b. In addition, the control device 50a transmits data indicating the current amount of stored power in the battery equipment 30 and the generated power P in the solar power generation equipment 10 to the control device 50a. PV The control device 50a determines the control content in the power outage warning mode based on the acquired data.

[0064] 7 shows an example of the control content of the power outage preparation mode of the power supply system according to embodiment 1. In the power outage warning mode, the commercial power source 2 is in a conducting state.

[0065] In the power outage warning mode, a target value B1 of the amount of stored electricity in the storage battery equipment 30 is set, as in the power outage preparation mode. The target value B1 of the amount of stored electricity in the power outage warning mode in the storage battery equipment 30 is not limited to a specific value. For example, the target value B1 in the power outage warning mode may be smaller than the target value B1 in the power outage preparation mode. The target value B1 in the power outage preparation mode may be, for example, less than 50% of the storage capacity (i.e., full storage capacity BF) of the storage battery equipment 30, or may be 45% or less. The target value B1 of the amount of stored electricity in the power outage warning mode may be, for example, 30% or more. In the example shown in FIG. 7, the target value B1 of the amount of stored electricity in the power outage warning mode is 40% of the full storage capacity BF of the storage battery equipment 30. That is, B1=0.4×BF.

[0066] When the control device 50a receives the instruction to switch to the power outage warning mode, it acquires the detection result of the load current from the current sensor 3b, and further acquires data indicating the current storage amount B2 in the storage battery equipment 30 and the generated power P PV The control device 50a calculates the power consumption PL of the power load 5 connected to the power supply system 1a based on the load current detection result obtained from the current sensor 3b.

[0067] The current stored power amount B2 is smaller than the target stored power amount B1, and the power consumption PL is smaller than the power generation power P PV In the following cases, i.e. B2 <B1かつP PV If PL ≧ PL, the control device 50a stops the operation of the fuel cell equipment 20. In this case, the power supply to the power load 5 is met without power supply from the commercial power source 2. In addition, the control device 50a charges the storage battery equipment 30 so that the amount of stored electricity B2 in the storage battery equipment 30 reaches the target value B1. In this case, the control device 50a calculates the ratio of the generated power P to the power consumption PL. PVThe excess power is used to charge the battery facility 30. In the power outage warning mode, unlike the power outage preparation mode, the power from the commercial power supply 2 is not used to charge the battery facility 30. That is, in this case, the control device 50a does not permit receiving power from the commercial power supply 2. The power outage warning mode is a mode selected when the possibility of a power outage is lower than that in the power outage preparation mode. Therefore, it is desirable to charge the battery facility 30 up to the target value B1 without incurring additional costs for purchasing power from the commercial power supply 2.

[0068] When the current stored power amount B2 is smaller than the target value B1 of the stored power amount and the power consumption PL is greater than the generated power P in the solar power generation facility 10 PV i.e., when B2 < B1 and P PV < PL, the control device 50a stops the operation of the fuel cell facility 20. In this case, the control device 50a permits receiving power from the commercial power supply 2, and the power from the commercial power supply 2 is supplied to the power load 5 according to the shortage of the generated power P PV for the power consumption PL. In addition, the control device 50a prohibits discharging from the battery facility 30. The power outage warning mode is a mode selected when the possibility of a power outage is lower than that in the power outage preparation mode. Therefore, without charging the battery facility 30 at the cost of additional costs for purchasing power from the commercial power supply 2, discharging from the battery facility 30 is prohibited to maintain the current stored power amount B2 in the battery facility 30.

[0069] When the current stored power amount B2 is equal to or greater than the target value B1 of the stored power amount and the power consumption PL is less than or equal to the generated power P PV in the solar power generation facility 10, i.e., when B2 ≧ B1 and P PV ≧ PL, the control device 50a stops the operation of the fuel cell facility 20. In this case, the power supply to the power load 5 is ensured without power supply from the commercial power supply 2. In addition, the control device 50a uses the excess power of the generated power P PV for the power consumption PL to charge the battery facility 30.

[0070] The current stored power B2 is equal to or greater than the target value B1 of the stored power, and the power consumption PL is greater than the generated power P in the solar power generation facility 10 PV when, that is, B2 ≧ B1 and P PV <PL, the control device 50a stops the operation of the fuel cell facility 20. In this case, the control device 50a discharges the battery facility 30 until the target value B1 is reached in order to cover the shortage of the generated power P with respect to the power consumption PL PV

[0071] As described above, in the power outage warning mode selected when the risk of power outage is relatively low, the power supply system 1a does not charge the battery facility 30 at the additional cost of purchasing power from the commercial power supply 2, but prepares for the predicted power outage. When there is excess power of the generated power P with respect to the power consumption PL, the power supply system 1a charges the excess power into the battery facility 30. When there is no excess power of the generated power P with respect to the power consumption PL, the power supply system 1a suppresses costs and efficiently responds to the power outage risk by, for example, prohibiting the discharge of the battery facility 30 PV PV

[0072] As shown in FIG. 6, in the power outage warning mode, the control device 50a transmits control signals to the control device 50b, the control device 50c, and the control device 50d according to the control content determined as described above. For example, when charging or discharging the battery facility 30, the control device 50b controls the operation of the bidirectional DCDC converter 32 according to the control signal received from the control device 50a. Also, the control device 50c controls the energization of the DCDC converter 12 according to the control signal received from the control device 50a. The control device 50d adjusts the operating state of the fuel cell systems 20a, 20b, or 20c according to the control signal received from the control device 50a. Thereby, for example, the output from the fuel cell systems 20a, 20b, or 20c is adjusted so that a desired generated power can be obtained in the fuel cell facility 20

[0073] ​​​The control device 50a monitors the load current, the current amount of stored power in the battery equipment 30, and the generated power P PV The results of the fuel cell equipment 20 and the generated power P FC The control device 50a acquires data showing the results of the above. Based on these data, the control device 50a again determines the control content according to the relationship shown in FIG. 7, and transmits control signals to the control devices 50b, 50c, and 50d according to the control content. The control devices 50b, 50c, and 50d each perform control for the operation of the storage battery equipment 30, the photovoltaic power generation equipment 10, and the fuel cell equipment 20 according to the control signal received from the control device 50a. After this, the control device 50 repeats the acquisition of data and the determination of the control content, and the control for the operation of the storage battery equipment 30, the photovoltaic power generation equipment 10, and the fuel cell equipment 20 according to the control content. In the control device 50a, the determination of the control content for the operation of the fuel cell equipment 20 is repeated, for example, at intervals of 30 minutes.

[0074] (Power outage response mode) When the commercial power source 2 is in a power outage state, the power supply system 1a according to the first embodiment is operated, for example, in a power outage response mode.

[0075] FIG. 8 shows the procedure for operating the power supply system according to the first embodiment in power outage response mode. First, the EMS server 52 receives power outage information from the power outage information server 54. The power outage information may include information related to the area where a power outage is currently occurring (power outage area) and the scheduled time of power restoration. If the EMS server 52 determines based on this power outage information that the location of the power supply system 1a is included in the power outage area, an instruction to transition to the power outage response mode is transmitted. Upon receiving this instruction to transition to the power outage response mode, the control device 50a acquires the detection result of the load current from the current sensor 3b. In addition, the control device 50a transmits data indicating the current amount of stored power in the storage battery equipment 30 and the generated power P in the solar power generation equipment 10 to the power supply system 11. PV The control device 50a determines the control content in the power failure response mode based on the acquired data.

[0076] Fig. 9 shows an example of the control contents of the power failure response mode of the power supply system according to the first embodiment. As shown in Fig. 9, in the power failure response mode, the commercial power source 2 is in a power failure state. When the current amount of stored power B2 in the battery equipment 30 is less than the target value B1, the control device 50a controls the generated power P PV The fuel cell equipment 20 is caused to generate power regardless of the power outage response mode. The target value B1 in the power outage response mode is not limited to a specific value. The target value B1 is, for example, a value equivalent to 40% or more and 60% or less of the storage capacity (i.e., full storage capacity BF) of the storage battery equipment 30. In the example shown in FIG. 9, the target value B1 of the amount of storage in the power outage response mode is 50% of the full storage capacity BF of the storage battery equipment 30. In other words, B1=0.5×BF.

[0077] The control device 50a calculates the power consumption PL of the power load 5 connected to the power supply system 1a based on the detection result of the load current. As shown in FIG. 9, when the following conditions (ia) and (ib) are satisfied, the control device 50a calculates the power generation power P PV and the power generation P of the fuel cell equipment 20 FC The power generation P of the fuel cell equipment 10 is set so that the sum of the power generation P and the power consumption P exceeds the power consumption of the power load 5. FC Adjust. (ia) The current storage amount B2 in the storage battery equipment 30 is less than the target value B1 (i.e., B2 <B1)である。 (ib) The power generated by the solar power generation facility 10 and the power generated by the fuel cell facility 20 can cover the power supply to the power load 5 connected to the power supply system 1a.

[0078] For example, the generated power P PV , power consumption PL, and maximum power generation P in the fuel cell equipment 20 FCMAX PL <P PV +P FCMAX If the above condition is satisfied, the control device 50a controls the fuel cell equipment 20 to generate the maximum power P FCMAX Generate electricity.

[0079] The control device 50a is, for example, <P PV+P FCMAX If the above condition is satisfied, the storage battery equipment 30 is charged. PV and generated power P FC When the fuel cell equipment 20 generates power such that the sum of the above exceeds the power consumption of the power load 5, the control device 50a charges the storage battery equipment 30 according to the generated power that exceeds the power consumption of the power load 5 in the sum. In other words, the control device 50a charges the storage battery equipment 30 with the surplus power. This makes it possible to increase the amount of storage in the storage battery equipment 30 when the commercial power source 2 is in a power outage state and the storage amount B2 is less than the target value B1.

[0080] On the other hand, the amount of stored electricity B2 in the battery storage equipment 30 is less than the target value B1, and PL≧P PV +P FCMAX If the above condition is satisfied, the control device 50a calculates P PV +P FCMAX In this case, the controller 50a controls the fuel cell equipment 20 to discharge the maximum power generation capacity P FCMAX Generate electricity.

[0081] When the stored power amount B2 in the storage battery equipment 30 is equal to or greater than the target value B1 (i.e., B2≧B1), for example, the control device 50a controls the operation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment 10, the operation of the fuel cell equipment 20, and the operation of the storage battery equipment 30 in the same manner as in the normal mode. For example, when the stored power amount B2 is equal to or greater than the target value B1 and the generated power P PV is less than the power consumption PL of the power load 5. In this case, the control device 50a further controls the storage battery equipment 30 to discharge. This discharge is adjusted to absorb short-cycle fluctuations in the power consumption of the power load 5. On the other hand, the control device 50a controls the fuel cell equipment 20 to generate power when the amount of stored electricity B2 is equal to or greater than the target value B1 and the power generation power P of the solar power generation equipment 10 is greater than the target value B2. PV is equal to or greater than the power consumption PL of the power load 5, the battery storage equipment 30 is caused to charge if possible. However, if the current amount of stored power has reached the maximum value, charging in the battery storage equipment 30 is put on hold.

[0082] As shown in FIG. 8, the control device 50a transmits control signals to the control devices 50b, 50c, and 50d according to the control content determined as described above. For example, when the battery storage equipment 30 is charged or discharged, the control device 50b controls the operation of the bidirectional DC-DC converter 32 according to the control signal received from the control device 50a. The control device 50c controls the energization of the DC-DC converter 12 according to the control signal received from the control device 50a. The control device 50d adjusts the operating state of the fuel cell system 20a, 20b, or 20c according to the control signal received from the control device 50a. As a result, for example, the output from the fuel cell system 20a, 20b, or 20c is adjusted so that the desired power generation is obtained in the fuel cell equipment 20.

[0083] As described above, in the power outage response mode, the commercial power source 2 is in a power outage state. On the other hand, in order to start up the fuel cell equipment 20, it is necessary to operate the auxiliary devices. Therefore, in order to start up the fuel cell equipment 20, power needs to be supplied to the fuel cell equipment 20 from outside the fuel cell equipment 20. When the commercial power source 2 is in a power outage state, the control device 50a starts up the fuel cell equipment 20 by supplying power from, for example, the storage battery equipment 30.

[0084] The control device 50a monitors the load current, the current storage amount B2 in the storage battery equipment 30, the generated power P in the solar power generation equipment 10, and the like at predetermined intervals. PV The results of the fuel cell equipment 20 and the generated power P FCThe control device 50a acquires data showing the results of the above. Based on these data, the control device 50a again determines the control content according to the relationship shown in FIG. 9, and transmits control signals to the control devices 50b, 50c, and 50d according to the control content. The control devices 50b, 50c, and 50d each control the operation of the storage battery equipment 30, the photovoltaic power generation equipment 10, and the fuel cell equipment 20 according to the control signal received from the control device 50a. After this, the control device 50a repeats the acquisition of various data and the determination of the control content, and the control for the operation of the storage battery equipment 30, the photovoltaic power generation equipment 10, and the fuel cell equipment 20 according to the control content. The control device 50a repeats the determination of the control content for the operation of the fuel cell equipment 20, for example, at intervals of 30 minutes.

[0085] [1-3. Effects, etc.] As described above, in this embodiment, the power supply system 1a includes the photovoltaic power generation equipment 10, the storage battery equipment 30, and the control device 50a. The control device 50a controls the operation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment 10 and the storage battery equipment 30. The power supply system 1a is interconnected with a commercial power source 2. When a power outage of the commercial power source 2 is predicted, the control device 50a operates the power supply system 1a in a power outage preparation mode. In the power outage preparation mode, when the amount of stored power in the storage battery equipment 30 is less than a target value, the control device 50a charges the storage battery equipment 30 regardless of the power generation power in the photovoltaic power generation equipment 10.

[0086] As a result, the power supply system 1a can prepare for a power outage of the commercial power source 2, and can maintain the power supply for a longer period of time when a power outage occurs. In other words, the power supply system 1a can maintain the power supply for as long as possible even when a power outage of the commercial power source occurs due to a disaster, and is therefore suitable for dealing with a predicted power outage of the commercial power source 2.

[0087] As in the present embodiment, in the power outage preparation mode, when the amount of stored power in the storage battery equipment 30 is less than the target value, the control device 50a may cause the storage battery equipment 30 to be charged with power from the commercial power source 2.

[0088] This allows the power supply system 1a to reliably and quickly charge the battery equipment 30, and ensure a target amount of stored power in the battery equipment 30. Therefore, even if a power outage occurs in the commercial power source 2 due to a disaster, the power supply system 1a can effectively use the battery equipment 30 to maintain the power supply for a longer period of time, making it more suitable for dealing with a predicted power outage in the commercial power source.

[0089] As in this embodiment, the power supply system 1a may further include a fuel cell equipment 20, and the control device 50a may control the operation of the fuel cell equipment 20. In this case, the power outage preparation mode may have a first sub-mode and a second sub-mode in which the urgency of responding to a power outage is higher than that of the first sub-mode. In the second sub-mode, when the amount of stored power in the storage battery equipment 30 is less than a target value, the control device 50a may cause the fuel cell equipment 20 to generate power and charge the power storage equipment 30 with power from the commercial power source 2 and the power generated by the fuel cell equipment 20.

[0090] In the second submode of the power outage preparation mode, the predicted occurrence of a power outage is more imminent than in the first submode. Therefore, in the second submode, the urgency of responding to a power outage is higher than in the first submode. As described above, in the second submode, not only the power of the commercial power source 2 but also the power obtained by generating electricity in the fuel cell equipment 20 is used to charge the storage battery equipment 30, so that the power supply system 1a can charge the storage battery equipment 30 more quickly and reliably, and the target amount of stored electricity can be secured in the storage battery equipment 30. Therefore, even if the time until the occurrence of a power outage of the commercial power source 2 is short, the power supply system 1a can charge the storage battery equipment 30 to the target amount of stored electricity, and can maintain the power supply from the storage battery equipment 30 during a power outage for a longer period of time.

[0091] As in this embodiment, in the first sub-mode, when the amount of stored electricity in the storage battery equipment 30 is less than a target value, the control device 50a may stop operation of the fuel cell equipment 20 and charge the storage battery equipment 30 with power from the commercial power source 2.

[0092] In the first submode of the power outage preparation mode, the predicted power outage is not as imminent as in the second submode. Furthermore, the fuel cell equipment 20 can generate and supply power even if the commercial power source 2 experiences a power outage. Therefore, in the first submode in which the predicted power outage is not yet so imminent, as described above, it is possible to secure as much fuel as possible for the fuel cell equipment 20 in anticipation of having the fuel cell equipment 20 generate power when the commercial power source 2 experiences a power outage, and to use power from the commercial power source 2 to charge the storage battery equipment 30. In this way, the power supply system 1a can effectively use the storage battery equipment 30 and the fuel cell equipment 20 to maintain power supply for a longer period of time even if a power outage occurs in the commercial power source due to a disaster.

[0093] As in this embodiment, when the power outage preparation mode has a first submode and a second submode in which the urgency of responding to a power outage is greater than that in the first submode, and the target value for the storage amount of the battery equipment 30 in the first submode is a first target value and the target value for the storage amount of the battery equipment 30 in the second submode is a second target value, the first target value and the second target value may be different from each other.

[0094] This allows the power supply system 1a to set a target value for the amount of stored power in the battery equipment 30 depending on the urgency of responding to a power outage. Therefore, for example, when the urgency of responding to a power outage is not high, it is possible to prevent charging the battery equipment 30 with power from the commercial power source 2 without regard for costs.

[0095] As in this embodiment, the control device 50a operates the power supply system 1a in a power outage warning mode when there is a possibility of a power outage of the commercial power source 2, and in the power outage warning mode, when the amount of stored electricity in the storage battery equipment 30 is less than a target value, the control device 50a may prohibit discharging of the storage battery equipment 30.

[0096] As a result, in the power outage warning mode, which is selected when the possibility of a power outage is lower than in the power outage preparation mode, power outages can be responded to by prohibiting discharging of the battery equipment 30 and maintaining the current amount of stored electricity in the battery equipment 30, without incurring the additional cost of purchasing electricity from the commercial power source 2 and charging the battery equipment 30.

[0097] As described above, in this embodiment, a method for operating the power supply system 1a can be provided. The power supply system 1a includes the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 and the storage battery facility 30, and is interconnected with the commercial power source 2. This operating method includes charging the storage battery facility 30 regardless of the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 when a power outage of the commercial power source 2 is predicted and the amount of power stored in the storage battery facility 30 is less than a target value.

[0098] This allows the power supply system 1a to prepare for a power outage of the commercial power source 2, and therefore allows the power supply to be maintained for a longer period of time when a power outage occurs. In other words, the operation method of the power supply system 1a is suitable for dealing with a predicted power outage of the commercial power source 2, since it can maintain the power supply for as long as possible even when a power outage of the commercial power source occurs due to a disaster.

[0099] (Other embodiments) As described above, the first embodiment has been described as an example of the technology disclosed in the present application. However, the technology in the present disclosure is not limited to this, and can be applied to embodiments in which modifications, substitutions, additions, omissions, etc. are made.

[0100] In the first embodiment, the control device 50a determines the control content in the power outage preparation mode when an instruction to switch to the power outage preparation mode is received from the EMS server 52 via the network 60. The control device 50a only needs to determine the control content in the power outage preparation mode when a power outage of the commercial power source 2 is predicted. Therefore, the transition to the power outage preparation mode is not limited to being based on an instruction from the EMS server 52. However, when the transition to the power outage preparation mode is made based on an instruction from the EMS server 52, the control device 50a can determine the control content in the power outage preparation mode according to the details of the power outage information held by the EMS server 52. For example, when the prediction of a power outage is based not on disaster information but on planned power outage information, the details of the power outage information may include the scheduled time of recovery from the power outage of the commercial power source 2. In this case, the control device 50a may determine the control content in the power outage preparation mode taking into account the scheduled time of recovery from the power outage of the commercial power source 2. For example, the above target value of the amount of stored power may be adjusted according to the scheduled recovery time. In addition, the details of the power outage information may include the area where the power outage is occurring, so the control content in the power outage preparation mode can be determined taking into account the size of the range of the power outage area.

[0101] In the first embodiment, the EMS server 52 predicts a power outage of the commercial power source 2 based on disaster information provided by the disaster information providing server 56. The control device 50a only needs to determine the control content in the power outage preparation mode when a power outage of the commercial power source 2 is predicted. Therefore, the prediction of a power outage of the commercial power source 2 is not limited to being based on disaster information provided by the disaster information providing server 56. However, when a power outage of the commercial power source 2 is predicted based on disaster information provided by the disaster information providing server 56, the power supply system 1a can be operated in preparation for a power outage of the commercial power source 2 caused by a disaster. In addition, the EMS server 52 may predict a power outage of the commercial power source 2 based on planned power outage information provided by the power outage information providing server 56. In this case, the power supply system 1a can be operated in preparation for the planned power outage. When the prediction of a power outage of the commercial power source 2 is based on planned power outage information, the power outage preparation mode may have a sub-mode that is determined according to the time until the occurrence of the power outage (i.e., urgency), as in the case based on disaster information described in the first embodiment. For example, when there is sufficient time until the scheduled time of a planned power outage, the power supply system 1a may be operated in the first sub-mode, and may switch to operation in the second sub-mode when the power outage is imminent. [Industrial Applicability]

[0102] The technology according to the present disclosure is applicable to a system that supplies electric power by linking a photovoltaic power generation facility 10, a storage battery facility 30, and a commercial power source 2, and is also applicable to a system that supplies electric power by linking a photovoltaic power generation facility 10, a fuel cell facility 20, a storage battery facility 30, and a commercial power source 2. The technology according to the present disclosure is applicable to efforts to protect the environment, such as RE100 (Renewable Energy 100%). [Explanation of symbols]

[0103] 1a Power supply system 2 Commercial power supply 5 Power load 10. Solar power generation facilities 20 Fuel cell equipment 30 Battery storage equipment 50a Control device

Claims

1. 1. A power supply system comprising: Solar power generation equipment, A battery storage facility; A control device that controls the operation of the solar power generation facility and the operation of the storage battery facility, The power supply system is connected to a commercial power source, The control device operates the power supply system in a power outage preparation mode when a power outage of the commercial power supply is predicted, In the power outage preparation mode, when the amount of stored power in the storage battery equipment is less than a target value, the control device charges the storage battery equipment regardless of the power generation amount in the solar power generation equipment. Power supply system.

2. In the power outage preparation mode, when the amount of stored power in the storage battery equipment is less than the target value, the control device charges the storage battery equipment with power from the commercial power source. The power supply system according to claim 1 .

3. The power supply system further includes a fuel cell device. The control device controls the operation of the fuel cell equipment, The power outage preparation mode has a first sub-mode and a second sub-mode in which the urgency of power outage response is higher than that of the first sub-mode, In the second sub-mode, when the amount of stored power in the storage battery equipment is less than the target value, the control device causes the fuel cell equipment to generate power and causes the power storage equipment to be charged with power from the commercial power source and power generated by the fuel cell equipment. The power supply system according to claim 1 .

4. In the first sub-mode, when the amount of stored power in the storage battery equipment is less than the target value, the control device stops operation of the fuel cell equipment and charges the storage battery equipment with electric power from the commercial power source. The power supply system according to claim 3 .

5. The power outage preparation mode has a first sub-mode and a second sub-mode in which the urgency of power outage response is higher than that of the first sub-mode, the target value in the first sub-mode is a first target value, the target value in the second sub-mode is a second target value, The first target value and the second target value are different from each other. The power supply system according to claim 1 .

6. The control device operates the power supply system in a power outage warning mode when there is a possibility of a power outage of the commercial power supply, In the power outage warning mode, when the amount of stored power in the storage battery equipment is less than the target value, the control device prohibits discharging of the storage battery equipment. The power supply system according to claim 1 .

7. A method for operating an electric power supply system, comprising: The power supply system includes a solar power generation facility and a storage battery facility, The power supply system is connected to a commercial power source, When a power outage of the commercial power supply is predicted and the amount of stored power in the storage battery equipment is less than a target value, charging the storage battery equipment regardless of the power generated in the solar power generation equipment. How to drive.

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