Formula feed for farmed fish, farming method for farmed fish, and method for improving yield in fish farming

Abstract

To provide technology to improve the growth rate of farmed fish, especially from the larval to fingerling stage.SOLUTION: The formula feed for farmed fish contains Weizmannia coagulans.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a compound feed for cultured fish, a method for raising cultured fish, and a method for improving yield in fish farming. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a compound feed for cultured fish containing Weizmannia coagulans (synonym: Bacillus coagulans), etc. [Background technology]

[0002] In fish farming, the issue of how to suppress the mortality rate from the larval to juvenile stages is an issue. Furthermore, the growth performance from the larval to juvenile stages greatly affects the efficiency of the entire aquaculture production.

[0003] Techniques using probiotics have been proposed to promote the growth of farmed fish. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a "fish and shellfish farming method characterized by carrying out one or more transplantation steps of orally transplanting intestinal bacteria from fast-growing individuals into the intestines of individual fish and shellfish to be fattened" (see claim 1). The intestinal bacteria to be transplanted include "probiotic bacteria that are highly degradable against dietary components of fish and shellfish" (see claim 2). This technique is said to make it possible to easily grow fish and shellfish large in a short period of time.

[0004] Patent Document 2 discloses a "feed additive for aquatic animals, characterized in that it contains Bacillus toyoi cells or spores thereof as an active ingredient" that has the effects of promoting the growth of aquatic animals and preventing bacterial diseases.

[0005] In Non-Patent Document 1, the growth performance of carp fry fed a basic feed and a feed containing Bacillus coagulans as a probiotic for 80 days was evaluated (see Table 1), and it was reported that weight gain was promoted and survival rate was improved.

[0006] Weizmania coagulans SANK70258 (synonym: Bacillus coagulans SANK70258) is a spore-forming lactic acid bacterium with high lactic acid production ability that was isolated from green malt in 1949. A food preparation containing Weizmania coagulans SANK70258 (trade name: Lacris) has been on the market for over 50 years since 1966. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Patent Publication No. 2021-52640 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 62-138148 [Non-patent literature]

[0008] [Non-Patent Document 1] "Dietary supplementation of probiotics affects growth, immune response and disease resistance of Cyprinus carpio fry", Akhil Gupta et. al., Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2014, 41, 113-119 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0009] The main objective of the present disclosure is to provide techniques for improving the growth performance of cultured fish, particularly from the larval to juvenile stages. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] In order to solve the above problems, this disclosure provides the following [1]-

[21] . [1] A compound feed for farmed fish containing Weizmannia coagulans. [2] The feed according to [1], wherein the Weizmania coagulans is the SANK70258 strain or a derivative thereof. [3] The effective dose of Weizmania coagulans SANK70258 is 1×10 8 Feed with [1] or [2] CFU / g or less. [4] Any of the feeds according to [1]-[3], wherein the farmed fish is a marine fish, preferably a Percomorpha fish including the Perciformes. [5] The feed according to [4], wherein the farmed fish of the Percomorpha family, including the Perciformes, is red sea bream, tuna, grouper, yellowtail, amberjack, or flounder.

[0011] [6] A method for raising farmed fish using a compound feed containing Weizmania coagulans. [7] The method of [6], wherein the Weizmania coagulans is the SANK70258 strain or a derivative thereof. [8] The effective dose of Weizmania coagulans SANK70258 is 1×10 8 Method [6] or [7], where the CFU / g or less. [9] Any of the methods [6]-[8] which are methods for rearing larvae, fry and / or juvenile fish in land-based aquariums.

[10] The method of [9], wherein the larvae, fry and / or juvenile fish are from the Percomorpha family, which includes the Perciformes order.

[11] The method according to

[10] , wherein the larvae, fry and / or juvenile fish of the Percomorpha family including the Perciformes are red sea bream, tuna, grouper, yellowtail, amberjack or flounder.

[0012]

[12] A method for improving yields in fish farming, comprising feeding farmed fish a compound feed containing Weizmania coagulans.

[13] The method of

[12] , wherein the yield improvement is an increase in survival rate and / or weight of farmed fish.

[14] The method of

[12] or

[13] , wherein the Weizmania coagulans is the SANK70258 strain or a derivative thereof.

[15] The effective dose of Weizmania coagulans SANK70258 was 1×10 8 CFU / g or less, using any of the following methods:

[12] -

[14]

[16] Any of the methods

[12] -

[15] , wherein the aquaculture is the cultivation of larvae, fry and / or fingerlings in tanks on land.

[17] The method of

[16] , wherein the larvae, fry and / or juvenile fish are from the Percomorpha family, which includes the Perciformes.

[18] The method according to

[17] , wherein the larvae, fry and / or juvenile fish of the Percomorpha family including the Perciformes are red sea bream, tuna, grouper, yellowtail, amberjack or flounder.

[0013]

[19] An additive to compound feed for farmed fish containing Weizmania coagulans.

[20] Use of a composition containing Weizmania coagulans for the manufacture of compound feed for farmed fish.

[21] Use of a composition containing Weizmania coagulans for improving yield in fish farming. Effect of the Invention

[0014] The present disclosure provides techniques for improving the growth performance of cultured fish, particularly from the larval to juvenile stages. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0015] [Figure 1] The graph shows the change in survival rate over time in the control group (St group) and the group administered Weizmania coagulans SANK70258 strain (Wc group). DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0016] Preferred embodiments for carrying out the present disclosure will be described below. Note that the embodiments described below are examples of typical embodiments of the present disclosure, and the scope of the present disclosure should not be interpreted as being narrow.

[0017] The compound feed for farmed fish according to the present disclosure is characterized by containing Weizmannia coagulans, and can be fed to farmed fish, particularly larvae, fry and / or juveniles, to improve survival rate and / or increase body weight.

[0018] Weizmania coagulans is a spore-forming lactic acid bacterium that is highly resistant to dry conditions, heat, and acid. Even when ingested orally, it reaches the intestines without being killed by gastric acid or bile, germinates in the intestines, becomes a vegetative cell, and further grows to produce lactic acid. Because of these characteristics, Weizmania coagulans is more resistant than Lactobacillus bacteria, and it is expected that even a relatively small amount of intake will be sufficient to produce an effect.

[0019] Examples of Weizmania coagulans include Weizmania coagulans strains SANK70258, P-22, lilac-01, SIM-7 DSM14043, C101, NBRC12583, GBI-1, GBI-20, GBI-30, and GBI-40. As long as the effects of the present disclosure are achieved, Weizmania coagulans may be derived strains derived from these strains. Derivative strains may include mutant strains or derived strains that have acquired new or improved traits by introducing gene mutations or repeated passage. As the Weizmania coagulans, the SANK70258 strain is preferred in terms of stability of supply and ease of acquisition.

[0020] Commercially available Weizmania coagulans can be used (for example, products such as "Lacris-S," "Lacris-S Granules," "Lacris-15," and "Lacris-10 for Feed," all manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation).

[0021] Weizmania coagulans may be added to the feed as live cells (vegetative cells or spores), killed cells or a mixture of both. Killed cells may be dried or ground cells.

[0022] Weizmania coagulans can be incorporated into the feed by mixing it into the feed or by attaching it to the surface of solid feed. The attachment can be performed by mixing the dried Weizmania coagulans cells with an excipient such as starch and attaching it to the surface of pelleted feed. The feed can be selected from conventional feeds according to the type and growth period of the fish to be cultured.

[0023] The amount of Weizmania coagulans to be added to the feed is not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present disclosure are achieved. An effective amount is, for example, 1×10 8 It may be less than or equal to colony forming units (CFU) / g.

[0024] When Weizmania coagulans is added as an additive to a compound feed, the additive may contain bacteria other than Weizmania coagulans. Examples of other bacteria include lactic acid bacteria, butyric acid-producing bacteria, bifidobacteria, natto bacteria, koji mold, yeast, etc. Examples of lactic acid bacteria include bacteria of the Lactobacillus and Lactococcus genera.

[0025] The additives may contain, as necessary, stabilizers, excipients, pH adjusters, etc. The additives may also contain salts such as sodium salts, potassium salts, calcium salts, magnesium salts, etc.; amino acids such as lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan, valine, etc.; organic acids such as tannic acid, etc.; and vitamins such as vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, niacin, pantothenic acid, biotin, folic acid, ascorbic acid, etc.

[0026] The fish to be cultured are not particularly limited, but are preferably marine fish, more preferably Percomorpha including Perciformes. Specific examples of Percomorpha fish include red sea bream, tuna, grouper, yellowtail, amberjack, and flounder, and red sea bream is particularly preferred. In addition to the above, other target fish may also include saltwater fish such as devil stinger, red spotted grouper, black rockfish, rockfish, horse mackerel, chub mackerel, tiger pufferfish, filefish, black scraper, spotted flounder, flathead flounder, marbled flounder, spotted flounder, anchovy, silver-striped herring, herring, sardine, rockfish, rockfish, sablefish, scorpionfish, flathead, sculpin, and rockfish, as well as freshwater fish such as rainbow trout, pink salmon, chum salmon, coho salmon, char, yamame, sweetfish, sakasagi, shishamo, and icefish.

[0027] The compound feed according to the present disclosure can be fed to farmed fish, particularly larvae, fry and / or juveniles, to improve survival rate and / or increase weight, and can therefore be used to raise larvae, fry and / or juveniles in land-based aquariums, thereby contributing to improving the overall yield of aquaculture production.

[0028] The tank volume and the number of fish raised per tank are not particularly limited, but the effect of improving yield can be obtained even in a rearing environment in which, for example, 800-1000 fish are reared in a 1000 L tank.

[0029] The rearing period (feeding period) with the compound feed according to the present disclosure is not particularly limited, but is preferably a period including one or more of the larval stage, fry stage, and juvenile stage. In the case of red sea bream, feeding the compound feed according to the present disclosure for 49 days from 45 days of age can improve survival rate by 1% or more compared to the control group, and promote weight gain by 5% or more, preferably 8% or more, and particularly about 9%. EXAMPLES

[0030] 1. Method The test fish used were 45-day-old red sea bream, which were reared for a total of 49 days until they reached 94 days of age. Two tanks were set up for the control group (St group) and the group administered Weizmania coagulans SANK70258 strain (Wc group), with 800 fish per tank (volume 1000 L). In the Wc group, a compound feed containing 10% by weight of dried SANK70258 strain bacteria (containing starch as an excipient) was added (bacterial count 1 × 10 8In the St group, mice were fed a compound feed containing only the excipient at the same weight ratio.

[0031] The formula feed used was one of the following depending on the growth stage. Ambrose (Feed One Co., Ltd.) Altech (Nisshin Marubeni Feed Co., Ltd.) Pea Gold (Marubeni Nisshin Feed Co., Ltd.) Junior (Hayashikane Sangyo Co., Ltd.) Kaito (Higashimaru Co., Ltd.) Himezakura (Higashimaru Co., Ltd.)

[0032] At the start of rearing, 20 red sea bream were randomly sampled and their weight, body length and fork length were measured. After 49 days of rearing, 40 red sea bream were randomly sampled and their weight, body length and fork length were measured. In addition, the number of dead fish was counted over time, and the survival rate was calculated throughout the test period. Statistical analysis was performed using Student's t-test for body weight, body length, and fork length, and log-rank test for survival rate, with the significance level set at 5%.

[0033] 2.Results At the start of the treatment, no significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of body weight, body length, and fork length. However, after 49 days of feeding, it was clear that the Wc group showed significantly higher values ​​than the St group for all parameters, including body weight, body length, and fork length (see Table 1). Furthermore, when the survival rates throughout the test period were compared using the log-rank test, it was revealed that the Wc group had a significantly higher survival rate than the St group (see Figure 1). These results indicate that administration of Weizmania coagulans SANK70258 improved the body weight gain and survival rate of red sea bream.

[0034] [Table 1]

Claims

1. A compound feed for farmed fish containing Weizmannia coagulans.

2. The feed according to claim 1, wherein the Weizmania coagulans is the SANK70258 strain or a derivative thereof.

3. The effective dose of Weizmania coagulans SANK70258 strain is 1 x 10 8 The feed according to claim 2, having a CFU / g or less.

4. The feed according to claim 3, wherein the farmed fish is of the Percomorpha family, which includes the Perciformes order.

5. A method for raising farmed fish using a compound feed containing Weizmania coagulans.

6. 6. The method according to claim 5, which is a method for rearing larvae, fry and / or juvenile fish in a land-based aquarium.

7. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the larvae, fry and / or juvenile fish are of the Percomorpha family, which includes the Perciformes order.

8. A method for improving yield in fish farming, comprising the step of feeding farmed fish a compound feed containing Weizmania coagulans.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the improved yield is an increase in survival rate and / or weight of farmed fish.

10. An additive for compound feed for farmed fish, containing Weizmania coagulans.

11. Use of a composition containing Weizmania coagulans for the manufacture of a compound feed for farmed fish.

12. Use of a composition comprising Weizmania coagulans for improving yield in fish farming.

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