Splitting tool and splitting method

Abstract

To provide a splitting tool capable of efficiently splitting large crushed objects into smaller objects, and a splitting method using the tool.SOLUTION: In this invention, a splitting tool includes a base that is provided so as to be able to approach a large crushed object while covering it from above, and at least three or more crushing parts that are provided on the underside of the base at positions radially spaced from the center of the underside of the base and protrude downward. Each of the crushing parts has a primary contact part that protrudes downward and at which the large crushed object is struck to perform primary rock breaking as the base approaches the large crushed object from above, and a secondary contact part that extends from the primary contact part to the base so that a ridge line is formed extending from the primary contact part to the center of the underside and faces the space below the center of the underside, and at which the remaining crushed object remaining below the space below after the primary rock breaking is struck by the ridge line to perform secondary rock breaking as the base approaches the remaining crushed object.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] This invention relates to a tool for breaking up relatively large fragments (hereinafter referred to as "large fragments") that are produced when crushing objects such as rock, boulders, and concrete structures, and a method for breaking up objects using said tool. [Background technology]

[0002] For example, at sites where rock is crushed, rock is crushed by blasting or a wedge-type rock crusher developed by the inventor of the present application, but the crushed particle size has a certain degree of distribution, and the large crushed pieces are too large as they are, which causes problems in the transport work. For this reason, after crushing the rock, a so-called small-cutting work is sometimes performed to further crush the large crushed pieces into smaller pieces. In order to perform this small-cutting work efficiently, small-cutting tools and small-cutting methods described in Patent Documents 1 to 3 have been proposed.

[0003] These small-cutting tools have tapered crushing parts protruding from the underside of a base. By bringing the base close to the large-cut objects from above, the tips of the crushing parts strike the large-cut objects at different positions on an imaginary plane perpendicular to the approaching direction of the base, thereby performing the small-cutting operation. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 7087251 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 7162807 [Patent Document 3] Patent No. 7243011 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The large-sized crushed rocks are split by the tip of the crushing section (corresponding to the "primary rock split" of the present invention) into multiple crushed pieces (corresponding to the "residual crushed rocks" of the present invention), but there is a demand to further split these residual crushed pieces into smaller pieces. In order to satisfy such demands, it is currently necessary to repeatedly carry out the small-size splitting work using a small-size splitting tool, that is, the primary rock splitting process. Therefore, at the above-mentioned site, it is required not only to split the large-sized crushed rocks into multiple residual crushed pieces in one small-size splitting work, but also to further split the residual crushed pieces into smaller pieces to increase the work efficiency.

[0006] This invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a cutting tool that can cut large crushed material into smaller pieces more efficiently than conventional cutting tools, and a cutting method using said tool. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The first aspect of the present invention is a tool for breaking large crushed material into smaller pieces, comprising a base that is arranged to cover the large crushed material from above while being able to approach it, and at least three or more crushing sections that protrude downward from the underside of the base at positions radially spaced from the center of the underside of the base, each of the crushing sections having a primary abutment portion and a secondary abutment portion, the primary abutment portion protruding downward and striking the large crushed material as the base approaches the large crushed material from above, thereby causing the primary rock breaking, and the secondary abutment portion extending from the primary abutment portion toward the base so that a ridgeline extending from the primary abutment portion to the center of the underside is formed and faces the space below the center of the underside, and as the base approaches the residual crushed material remaining below the space below after the primary rock breaking, the ridgeline strikes the residual crushed material, thereby causing the secondary rock breaking.

[0008] In addition, a second aspect of the present invention is a method for breaking large-sized crushed material into smaller pieces using the above-mentioned small-sized crushing tool, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: placing the small-sized crushing tool above the large-sized crushed material; applying a downward external force to the base to strike the large-sized crushed material at the primary contact point to perform primary breaking; and using a ridge line to strike the residual crushed material remaining below the lower space after the primary breaking to perform secondary breaking. Effect of the Invention

[0009] As described above, according to the present invention, by applying a downward external force to the base of the small-cutting tool placed above the large-cut fragments, the residual fragments remaining below the space below the base after the large-cut fragments are struck to perform the primary rock-cutting can be subjected to the secondary rock-cutting. In other words, the large-cut fragments can be cut into smaller fragments more efficiently than with conventional small-cutting tools. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1A] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overall view of a work site for cutting large pieces of crushed material into smaller pieces using a cutting tool according to the present invention. [Figure 1B] FIG. BB is a view of the small-cutting tool from the large-cut crushed material side. [Figure 1C] This is a view of the large fragments as seen from the small fragmentation tool side along the CC line. [Diagram 2] FIG. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a schematic diagram of a cutting method using the cutting tool shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C and 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0011] Fig. 1A is a diagram showing the overall working site of the large-sized crushed material using the small-sized cutting tool according to the present invention. Fig. 1B is a diagram of the small-sized cutting tool seen from the large-sized crushed material side as viewed from the arrow line BB. Fig. 1C is a diagram of the large-sized crushed material seen from the small-sized cutting tool side as viewed from the arrow line CC. Fig. 2 is a partial perspective view of the small-sized cutting tool. For the purpose of easy understanding, the dimensions and number of each part are exaggerated or simplified as necessary.

[0012] As shown in FIG. 1A, this small breaking tool 1 is attached to a construction vehicle 100 such as a backhoe used at a site involving rock breaking, and is a tool for further breaking down large pieces 200 generated when breaking rock into smaller pieces. More specifically, a hydraulic breaker 103 is attached to an arm 101 of the construction vehicle 100 via a bracket 102. This hydraulic breaker 103 has a breaker body (not shown). This breaker body also has a cylinder in the center. Then, by supplying pressure oil to the cylinder from a hydraulic supply source (not shown) via a switching valve, a piston slidably fitted in the cylinder can move forward and backward in the axial direction.

[0013] A small-sized cutting tool 1 is attached to the tip of the breaker body (the lower end in FIG. 1A). This small-sized cutting tool 1 has a base 2 with an approximately cylindrical appearance, as shown in FIG. 1A, FIG. 1B, and FIG. 2. The lower surface 23 of the base 2 has a planar size that can cover the whole or part of the large-sized crushed material 200 placed on the ground or the piled-up large-sized crushed material 200 from above. As shown in FIG. 2, the lower surface 23 has a central portion recessed inward, and a recess 24 corresponding to an example of the "lower surface space" of the present invention is provided below the central portion of the lower surface. A central through-hole 25 is provided from the upper surface 21 of the base 2 in the center of the base 2 so that the inner diameter becomes smaller as it proceeds downward, and is connected to the recess 24. Furthermore, three crushing sections 22 are extended downward so as to surround the lower opening of the central through-hole 25 from the lower side.

[0014] A tip portion 31 of the shaft-shaped body 3 extending in the vertical direction Z is attached to the central through-hole 25. More specifically, the shaft-shaped body 3 has a tip portion 31 that can be press-fitted into the central through-hole 25, a rear end portion 32 that is attached to the hydraulic breaker 103 and receives a striking force from a piston, and a central portion 33 that transmits the striking force received by the rear end portion 32 to the base 2. In this embodiment, the tip portion 31 has a tapered shape in which the outer diameter decreases as it advances downward in correspondence with the central through-hole 25, and can be press-fitted into the central through-hole 25. The tip portion 31 is fixed to the base 2. As a fixing method, welding, seizing, or the like may be adopted. Also, the base 2 and the shaft-shaped body 3 may be integrally formed.

[0015] In the base 2, the lower peripheral portion surrounding the lower opening of the central through hole 25 is cut out at equal angular intervals to provide three downward convex portions. In this embodiment, the central through hole 25 is drilled in the center of the upper end of a cylindrical tool steel to finish it into a ring shape, while the upper end is cut from the lower surface side to form the above-mentioned recess 24 and three downward convex portions. Each downward convex portion functions as a crushing portion 22. These three crushing portions 22 are provided at positions radially spaced apart by equal distances from the lower end of the central through hole 25 as shown in FIG. 1B. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1A (and FIG. 3 to be described later), the "lower end of the central through hole 25" corresponds to an example of the "center of the lower surface of the base" of the present invention. In addition, the crushing section 22 is a part of the base 2 and is constructed as an integral part, but as described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, a member corresponding to the crushing section 22 may be prepared separately from the base 2 and configured to function as the crushing section 22 by fixing it to the base 2.

[0016] In each crushing section 22, as shown in Fig. 2, a carbide core 221a is attached to the downward convex portion of the base 2 from the lower side, i.e., the (-Z) direction side, and its tip portion protrudes downward from the downward convex portion. The tip portion of the downward convex portion to which the carbide core 221a is attached in this manner functions as a primary abutment portion 221. In addition, a portion of the downward convex portion extending from the tip portion toward the upper end portion of the base 2 functions as a secondary abutment portion 222. The secondary abutment portion 222 is finished so that a ridge line 222a is formed that extends from the primary abutment portion 221 to the lower end portion of the central through hole 25, and the ridge line 222a faces the lower space in the center of the lower surface, i.e., the recess 24.

[0017] As shown in FIG. 1B, when the base 2 is viewed from the lower side, that is, from the (-Z) direction side, three ridges 222a are extended toward the lower end of the central through hole 25, and three carbide cores 221a are arranged at equal distances radially from the lower end of the central through hole 25 below them. Therefore, as described below, when the small-cutting tool 1 configured as described above is lowered from above the large-cut crushed material 200, the carbide cores 221a of the primary contact portion 221 strike the large-cut crushed material 200 to perform primary rock breaking. At this time, medium-sized crushed material (hereinafter referred to as "residual crushed material") remains below the recess 24, but following the primary rock breaking, the ridges 222a of the secondary contact portion 222 come into contact with the residual crushed material and strike the residual crushed material to perform secondary rock breaking. In this way, the rock breaking process is performed in two stages.

[0018] 3 is a diagram showing a schematic diagram of a small-cutting method using the small-cutting tool shown in FIG. 1A to FIG. 1C and FIG. 2, and shows a partial cross section corresponding to the cross section of line III-III in FIG. 1C. In a state where the upper end of the shaft member 3 of the small-cutting tool 1 is attached to the breaker body and the small-cutting tool 1 is attached to the construction vehicle 100, a worker operates the construction vehicle 100 to position the small-cutting tool 1 above the large-cut and crushed object 200. Then, when the worker operates the construction vehicle 100 to move the small-cutting tool 1 close to the large-cut and crushed object 200 from above, the carbide core 221a of the primary contact portion 221 abuts against the large-cut and crushed object 200. Then, an external force applied to the carbide core 221a from the breaker body via the shaft member 3 is applied to the large-cut and crushed object 200 while the multiple carbide cores 221a abut against the large-cut and crushed object 200. In other words, the shaft member 3 uses the external force to strike the large-sized crushed object 200 at different positions of the crushing parts 22. As a result, the large-sized crushed object 200 can be stably struck and the large-sized crushed object 200 can be primarily crushed as shown in Fig. 3(a). At this time, the residual crushed object 201 remains below the recess 24, but it is secondary crushed as follows.

[0019] When the worker continues to operate the construction vehicle 100 to lower the small-cutting tool 1, as shown in FIG. 3(b), the crushing section 22 approaches the residual crushed material 201 so as to cover it from above, and the ridge 222a of the secondary abutment portion 222 abuts against the residual crushed material 201. Then, while the multiple ridges 222a abut against the residual crushed material 201, an external force is applied from the breaker body to the ridge 222a on the residual crushed material 201. In other words, the multiple ridges 222a strike the residual crushed material 201 at different positions using the external force. As a result, the residual crushed material 201 is stably struck to break the residual crushed material 201 as shown in FIG. 3(b) (secondary rock breaking). As is clear from Figures 3(b) and (c), the position where the ridge 222a abuts the residual crushed material 201 is displaced toward the inside of the recess space 24 as the cutting tool 1 descends, and secondary rock cutting is continuously performed.

[0020] As described above, in this embodiment, not only is primary rock breaking performed in the same manner as the conventional technology, but secondary rock breaking is also performed subsequently, so that the large-sized crushed material 200 can be broken into smaller pieces more efficiently than with conventional small-sized breaking tools.

[0021] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the three crushing parts 22 are arranged radially around the lower end of the central through hole 25 in a plan view of the base 2 from below, but the number and arrangement of the crushing parts 22 are not limited to this, and the same effect as the above-mentioned embodiment can be obtained by distributing at least three or more crushing parts 22 so as to surround the lower end of the central through hole 25.

[0022] In addition, taking into consideration that the tip of the crushing section 22 will wear down due to the impact of the crushing section 22 on the large crushed object 200, instead of attaching the carbide core 221a, the crushing section 22 may be configured with a split structure similar to the invention described in Patent Document 1.

[0023] In addition, in the above embodiment, the base 2 is circular in plan view, but the planar shape of the base 2 is not limited to this, and for example, the base 2 may be rectangular in plan view.

[0024] In the above embodiment, the secondary contact portion 222 is configured so that the ridge line 222a is a straight line. However, the secondary contact portion 222 may be configured so that the ridge line 222a is a curved line.

[0025] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the large fragments 200 generated at rock excavation sites are targeted for crushing, but when crushing large fragments generated at other sites, such as road demolition sites and building demolition sites, the small fragmentation work can also be carried out efficiently by using the small fragmentation tool of the present invention. [Industrial Applicability]

[0026] The present invention can be applied to all small-dividing techniques for dividing large pieces of material that are generated when crushing objects such as rocks, boulders, and concrete structures. [Explanation of symbols]

[0027] 1...Small cutting tool 2. Pedestal 21...(Pedestal) Top 22...Crushing section 23...(base) underside 24…Recess (lower space) 200…Large crushed material 201... Residual crushed material 221…Primary contact area 222…Secondary contact area 222a…Ridgeline Z…Vertical direction

Claims

1. A tool for breaking large crushed objects into smaller pieces, A base that is provided so as to be accessible while covering the large crushed object from above; At least three or more crushing units are provided on the underside of the base at positions radially spaced apart from the center of the underside of the base, protruding downward; Each of the fracturing portions has a primary contact portion and a secondary contact portion, The primary contact portion protrudes downward, and strikes the large-sized crushed object from above as the base approaches the large-sized crushed object to perform primary rock breaking. The secondary contact portion is extended from the primary contact portion toward the base so that a ridgeline extending from the primary contact portion to the center of the lower surface is formed and the ridgeline faces the space below the center of the lower surface. As the base approaches the residual crushed material remaining below the lower space after the primary rock breaking, the ridgeline strikes the residual crushed material to perform secondary rock breaking. A cutting tool characterized by the above.

2. The cutting tool according to claim 1, The crushing section and the base are integrally formed as a cutting tool.

3. The cutting tool according to claim 1, The distance between each of the crushing portions and the center of the lower surface is equal.

4. A method for small-dividing a large-sized crushed object using the small-dividing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of: A step of placing the small-cutting tool above the large-cut crushed object; A method for small rock breaking comprising the steps of: applying a downward external force to the base, thereby striking the large-sized crushed material at the primary contact site to perform primary rock breaking; and causing the ridge line to strike the residual crushed material remaining below the lower space after the primary rock breaking to perform secondary rock breaking.

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