Submarine structure

Abstract

To provide a submarine structure that is less likely to be displaced by seawater.SOLUTION: A submarine structure 100 comprises a body 10 that is circular or elliptical in plan view. The body 10 has a plurality of through-hole portions 20 formed to penetrate the body 10 such that the penetration direction is inclined with respect to the direction of gravity. A part of the body 10 is to be embedded in the seafloor G.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a submarine workpiece provided on the seabed. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, there are known structures and implantation tools that are manufactured for the purpose of cultivating coral. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a coral implantation base that mimics the shape of coral. Also, a method is known in which coral eggs are implanted on a chip-shaped implantation tool, and then fixed to a block or bedrock in the sea after they have grown. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Patent Publication No. 2021-83434 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The structure disclosed in Patent Document 1 creates a large resistance to the flow of seawater and there is a risk that it will be swept away.

[0005] In addition, chip-like attachment devices may become detached from blocks or bedrock and be washed away, causing environmental harm.

[0006] In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a submarine structure that is less likely to be swept away by seawater. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The submarine work of the present invention has a main body that is circular or elliptical in plan view, A plurality of through-holes are formed through the body, the through-holes being inclined with respect to the direction of gravity, A portion of the body is buried in the seabed.

[0008] In the submarine work of the present invention, the main body has a spherical shape at the upper portion and a divergent shape at the lower portion, the cross-sectional area of ​​which when cut in the horizontal direction increases toward the lower portion, It is preferable that a part or the whole of the lower portion is buried in the seabed.

[0009] In the subsea work of the present invention, it is preferable that the main body has a conical or elliptical conical shape whose diameter increases upward.

[0010] In the subsea work of the present invention, it is preferable that the main body has a cross section cut along the center line in the gravity direction such that the outer edge thereof is in an inverted U-shape.

[0011] In the submarine work of the present invention, the main body has a hollow portion, It is preferable that the through hole portion forms an inner opening exposed within the cavity portion and an outer opening exposed to the outside of the main body.

[0012] In the submarine workpiece of the present invention, it is preferable that the through hole portion has a diameter that decreases from the upper opening toward the lower opening, or from the outer opening toward the inner opening.

[0013] In the subsea workpiece of the present invention, it is preferable that the inner shape of the through hole portion when cut in a direction perpendicular to the penetration direction is either a circle, an ellipse, or an angle, and that at least one of the multiple through hole portions has an inner shape different from the other through hole portions.

[0014] In the submarine work of the present invention, it is preferable that the part of the main body buried in the seabed is composed of a plurality of rod-shaped members. Effect of the Invention

[0015] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a submarine work which is less likely to be swept away by seawater. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0016] [Figure 1] 1A and 1B are a plan view and a side view, respectively, of a submarine work according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining a through hole portion. [Diagram 3] 1A and 1B are a plan view and a side view, respectively, of a submarine work which is a modified example of the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] 5A and 5B are a plan view and a side view, respectively, of a submarine work according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 5] 11A and 11B are a plan view and a side view, respectively, of a submarine work according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] 13A and 13B are a plan view and a side view, respectively, of a submarine work which is a modified example of the third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the center line of a submarine work according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0017] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0018] [First embodiment] A subsea structure 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention is shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 1(a) is a plan view, and Fig. 1(b) is a side view. The subsea structure 100 of this embodiment mainly functions as a substrate for coral to grow on, and can be used for cultivating coral.

[0019] As shown in Fig. 1(b), the submarine work 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is partially buried in the seabed G. The up and down shown in Fig. 1(b) indicate the up and down of the submarine work 100 set in the sea.

[0020] The submarine workpiece 100 has a main body 10, and a plurality of through-holes 20 are formed in the main body 10. As shown in Fig. 1(a) , the main body 10 has a circular shape centered on a center O in a plan view. Alternatively, the main body 10 may have an elliptical shape in a plan view.

[0021] As shown in Fig. 1(b), the main body 10 comprises an upper portion 11 and a lower portion 12. The upper portion 11 has a spherical shape. The upper portion 11 and the lower portion 12 are integrally formed. The upper portion 11 and the lower portion 12 share a common center line A passing through the center O and in the direction of gravity.

[0022] The lower portion 12 has a fan-shaped cross-sectional area when cut horizontally that increases toward the bottom. Specifically, the lower portion 12 has a truncated cone shape. The upper portion 11 is entirely exposed from the seabed G to the ocean, and a portion of the lower portion 12 is buried in the ocean bed G. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the entire lower portion 12, or a portion of the upper portion 11 and the entire lower portion 12 may be buried in the ocean bed G.

[0023] The through hole portion 20 is inclined with respect to the direction of gravity. The through hole portion 20 penetrates the upper portion 11 of the main body 10. An upper opening 21a and a lower opening 21b of the through hole portion 20 are formed on the outside of the main body 10 and exposed to the sea. The through hole portion 20 penetrates the main body 10 in a substantially straight line from the upper opening 21a to the lower opening 21b. Alternatively, the through hole portion 20 may be formed in a curved line.

[0024] 2, in one through-hole portion 20, the direction of an imaginary line I connecting the center of the upper opening 21a and the center of the lower opening 21b is defined as the penetration direction of the through-hole portion 20. The imaginary line I is inclined with respect to a center line A in the gravity direction of the main body 10. The degree of inclination is arbitrary. The multiple through-hole portions 20 can be arranged at any position in the main body 10 and in any penetration direction, but it is preferable that the lower opening 21b is arranged so that it is not buried in the seabed G.

[0025] 2, the area of ​​the inner space in the cross section cut perpendicular to the through-hole direction (imaginary line I) of the through-hole 20 decreases from the upper opening 21a to the lower opening 21b. That is, the inner peripheral surface of the through-hole 20 is tapered along the through-hole direction. The taper angle can be set according to the application.

[0026] The through hole portion 20 has an inner surface shape cut in a direction perpendicular to the through direction (virtual line I) that is either a circle, an ellipse, or a square. The inner surface shape of one of the through hole portions 20 is preferably different from the inner surface shapes of the other through hole portions 20. That is, it is preferable that the main body 10 has a plurality of through hole portions 20 having different inner surface shapes. FIG. 2 shows the through hole portions 20 having inner surface shapes of a circle, an ellipse, and a square. The variation of the difference in the inner surface shape is arbitrary, and the number of the circles, the ellipse, and the squares are also arbitrary. In addition, the square shape may be a square shape or another polygonal shape. The inner surface shapes of the plurality of through hole portions 20 may all be the same.

[0027] The diameter of the upper portion 11 may be, for example, about 50 to 100 cm. The lower portion 12 is preferably in the shape of a truncated cone with a bottom diameter larger than the diameter of the sphere of the upper portion 11. The dimensions of the upper portion 11 and the lower portion 12 are preferably set so that a range of 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the entire main body 10 is buried in the seabed G. These dimensions can be set depending on the conditions of the waves, ocean currents, etc. of the sea area where the submarine work 100 is to be installed, and the lifting capacity, etc. of the ship used to install the submarine work 100.

[0028] The opening dimensions of the through hole portion 20 are also arbitrary, but can be set appropriately, for example, to an opening dimension that can accommodate a square-shaped landing device (e.g., 4 cm x 4 cm) or an opening dimension that can accommodate baby giant clams (e.g., 5 cm x 2 cm).

[0029] The raw materials for the main body 10 may include binders, fine aggregates, coarse aggregates, and the like. The binder may include, for example, cement, paper sludge ash (PS ash), gypsum (calcium sulfate), quicklime, magnesium oxide, or a mixture thereof. The fine aggregate may include, for example, coral sand of less than 5 mm. The coarse aggregate may include, for example, Ryukyu limestone of 5 mm or more and 20 mm or less. The other raw materials include water and air, but may include other materials. By using coral sand and Ryukyu limestone, it is easy to procure them in the area where the submarine work 100 is to be installed. In addition, since coral sand and Ryukyu limestone fix carbon dioxide as calcium carbonate, they can contribute to decarbonization. Furthermore, by using paper sludge ash, waste materials can be effectively utilized. As giant clams grow, they dissolve the calcium content around them to grow, so when a giant clam juvenile is to be accommodated in the through-hole portion 20, it is preferable to form the main body 10 from a calcium-based raw material.

[0030] The submarine workpiece 100 can be manufactured using a form corresponding to the overall shape of the main body 10 described above. First, a form with an opening in a portion corresponding to the bottom surface of the main body 10 is manufactured, and the form is set so that the portion of the form corresponding to the upper portion 11 is on the lower side and the portion of the form corresponding to the lower portion 12 is on the upper side. Next, a plurality of rod-shaped members for forming a plurality of through-holes 20 are placed inside the form.

[0031] Thereafter, the above-mentioned raw material is poured into the formwork from above, and the poured raw material is hardened to form the main body 10. The formwork is then dismantled, the main body 10 is taken out, and the rod-shaped members for forming the through-hole 20 are removed. Through the above series of processes, the main body 10 of the submarine workpiece 100 can be manufactured. The formwork is preferably made of FRP (fiber reinforced plastic).

[0032] In the first embodiment, a modified example shown in Fig. 3 may also be employed. That is, instead of using a solid main body 10, a hollow portion 30 may be provided inside the main body 10. The through-hole portion 20 has an outer opening 21c exposed to the outside of the main body 10 and an inner opening 21d exposed to the hollow portion 30. That is, the through-hole portion 20 communicates between the outside of the main body 10 and the hollow portion 30. Note that the hollow portion 30 is preferably shaped to match the shapes of the upper portion 11 and the lower portion 12 as shown in Fig. 3(b), but may have any other shape.

[0033] It is preferable that the area of ​​the inner space in the cross section cut perpendicular to the penetration direction of the through-hole portion 20 decreases from the outer opening 21c toward the inner opening 21d. When the hollow portion 30 is provided, the thickness of the main body 10 is arbitrary, but can be, for example, about 5 to 10 cm. By reducing the thickness of the main body 10, the submarine workpiece 100 becomes lighter, and the installation work of the submarine workpiece 100 becomes easier.

[0034] The hollow portion 30 can be formed by setting a balloon corresponding to the hollow portion 30 in the above-mentioned mold, pouring raw material between the mold and the balloon, and removing the degassed balloon after the raw material has hardened.

[0035] [Second embodiment] As shown in FIG. 4, the submarine work 100 according to the second embodiment of the present invention has a body 10 having a different overall shape from that of the first embodiment.

[0036] The main body 10 of the second embodiment has a circular shape in a plan view and a conical shape that expands in diameter toward the top. Note that the same reference numerals as in the first embodiment are used to designate parts corresponding to those in the first embodiment, and descriptions thereof will be omitted.

[0037] As shown in FIG. 4(b), in the main body 10 of the second embodiment, a lower portion including an apex 13 is buried in the seabed G. The main body 10 may have an elliptical cone shape. Also, as in the modified example of the first embodiment, a hollow portion may be provided inside the main body 10 in the second embodiment.

[0038] [Third embodiment] As shown in Fig. 5, the submarine work 100 according to the third embodiment of the present invention differs from the first and second embodiments in the overall shape of the main body 10. The main body 10 has a circular shape in a plan view, and an outer edge 14 of a cross section cut along a center line A in the gravity direction has an inverted U-shape. As shown in Fig. 5(b), the lower part of the main body 10 of the third embodiment is buried in the seabed G.

[0039] 6, in the third embodiment, instead of the solid main body 10, a hollow portion 30 may be provided inside the main body 10, as in the modified example of the first embodiment. The hollow portion 30 is preferably shaped to have an opening at the lower end (bottom surface) of the main body 10 and to conform to the surface of the main body 10.

[0040] [Fourth embodiment] As shown in Figure 7, in the subsea work 100 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, the upper part of the main body 10 has a shape similar to that of the modified example of the third embodiment, but the part of the main body 10 that is buried in the seabed G is composed of a plurality of rod-shaped members 40 extending in the direction of gravity.

[0041] The rod-shaped member 40 may be formed, for example, from a reinforcing bar fixed to the upper part of the main body 10. In this case, as shown in FIG. 7, it is preferable that the upper end is formed into a hook. The rod-shaped member 40 may be inclined with respect to the direction of gravity. Furthermore, a plurality of rod-shaped members 40 may be inclined in different directions with respect to the direction of gravity. This can enhance the effect of preventing the main body 10 from being swept away by seawater.

[0042] [Effects of the embodiment] As described above, the subsea workpiece 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention has a main body 10 which is circular or elliptical in shape when viewed in a plane, and has a plurality of through hole portions 20 which penetrate the main body 10 and whose penetration direction is inclined relative to the vertical direction, and a portion of the main body 10 is buried in the seabed G.

[0043] This configuration can prevent the coral from being washed away in the sea, compared to conventional structures or chip-like attachment devices. In nature, reef-building corals such as Porites coral serve as the base for coral reef formation and as an attachment site for sea anemones, and the attachment of seaweed rhizoids near the bottom or in shallow buried areas creates a rich biota, while at the same time preventing the Porites coral from being washed away. This can be reproduced by the above embodiment.

[0044] Also, coral larvae can be implanted in the through-hole portion 20. Since the through-hole portion 20 is perforated, even if sand on the seabed G is stirred up and enters the through-hole portion 20, the sand is discharged and blockage can be suppressed. This makes it possible to prevent the coral larvae implanted in the through-hole portion 20 from dying. Also, the flow of seawater through the holes reduces the adhesion of algae, making it easier for coral to attach. Also, nets to prevent damage from being eaten are no longer necessary, making it possible to grow coral by itself.

[0045] Furthermore, in particular in the above first embodiment, the main body 10 has an upper portion 11 that is spherical in shape and a lower portion that is flared in shape such that the cross section, when cut horizontally, becomes larger toward the bottom, and a part or all of the lower portion 12 is buried in the seabed G.

[0046] This structure allows the functions of natural Porites corals to be reproduced more faithfully, providing a habitat for organisms in the surrounding area, and further reducing the resistance of underwater currents due to the characteristic spherical shape of Porites corals.

[0047] In particular, in the second embodiment, the main body 10 has a conical or elliptical conical shape that expands in diameter as it goes upward.

[0048] According to this configuration, even if the main body 10 falls or tilts, the state can be stably maintained and it can be prevented from being washed away in the sea. Also, the function of natural table corals can be reproduced.

[0049] In particular, in the third embodiment, the main body 10 has an outer edge 14 in a cross section cut along the center line A in the gravity direction that has an inverted U-shape.

[0050] According to this configuration, during the manufacture of the main body 10, the main body 10 can be easily pulled out from the formwork along the center line A. Therefore, the submarine work 100 can be manufactured efficiently.

[0051] In addition, in each of the above-described embodiments, as a modified example, a cavity 30 may be provided inside the main body 10. In this case, the through-hole portion 20 forms an inner opening 21b exposed to the cavity 30 and an outer opening 21c exposed to the outside of the main body 10.

[0052] According to this configuration, the weight of the main body 10 can be reduced by an amount corresponding to the inner space of the hollow portion 30. Therefore, the load of the installation work of the submarine workpiece 100 can be reduced.

[0053] In particular, in each of the above-described embodiments, the through-hole portion 20 decreases in diameter from the upper opening 21a toward the lower opening 21b, or from the outer opening 21c toward the inner opening 21d.

[0054] According to this configuration, a settlement device with coral larvae settled thereon, a chip on which coral seedlings have been grown, a giant clam juvenile, etc. can be easily introduced into the through-hole portion 20 and can be securely held inside the through-hole portion 20. Furthermore, when manufacturing the main body 10, the rod-shaped member for forming the through-hole portion 20 can be easily removed from the main body 10, so that the submarine work 100 can be manufactured more efficiently.

[0055] In particular, in each of the above-described embodiments, the through-hole portion 20 has an inner surface shape cut in a direction perpendicular to the penetration direction that is either a circular shape, an elliptical shape, or a rectangular shape, and at least one of the plurality of through-hole portions 20 has an inner surface shape different from the inner surfaces of the other through-hole portions 20.

[0056] According to this configuration, the range of dimensions, shapes, and types of fixed objects and living things that can be introduced into the through-hole portion 20 of one main body 10 can be expanded, thereby improving convenience.

[0057] In the fourth embodiment, the part of the main body 10 buried in the seabed is made up of a plurality of rod-shaped members.

[0058] According to this configuration, the main body 10 can be easily buried in the seabed G, making it easy to install the submarine work 100. [Explanation of symbols]

[0059] 10...main body, 11...upper part, 12...lower part, 13...apex, 14...outer edge, 20...through hole part, 21a...upper opening, 21b...lower opening, 21c...outer opening, 21d...inner opening, 30...cavity, 100...submarine workpiece, A...center line, G...submarine, I...imaginary line, O...center

Claims

1. A main body having a circular or elliptical shape in a plan view, A plurality of through-holes are formed through the body, the through-holes being inclined with respect to the direction of gravity, A submarine structure the main body of which is partly buried in the seabed.

2. The main body has a spherical shape at the top and a flared shape at the bottom, the cross-sectional area of ​​which when cut horizontally increases toward the bottom. The submarine work according to claim 1, wherein a part or the whole of said lower part is buried in said seabed.

3. 2. The subsea workpiece according to claim 1, wherein the main body has a conical or elliptical conical shape that expands in diameter upward.

4. 2. The submarine work according to claim 1, wherein the main body has a cross section cut along a center line in the direction of gravity such that an outer edge of the cross section forms an inverted U-shape.

5. The body includes a cavity, The submarine workpiece according to claim 1 , wherein the through-hole portion forms an inner opening exposed within the hollow portion and an outer opening exposed to the outside of the main body.

6. The submarine workpiece according to claim 2 , wherein the through hole portion has a diameter that decreases from an upper opening toward a lower opening.

7. The submarine workpiece according to claim 5 , wherein the through hole portion has a diameter that decreases from the outer opening toward the inner opening.

8. A subsea structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the inner surface shape of the through hole portion when cut in a direction perpendicular to the penetration direction is either a circular shape, an elliptical shape, or a rectangular shape, and at least one of the multiple through hole portions has an inner surface shape different from the other through hole portions.

9. 2. The submarine work according to claim 1, wherein the part of the main body buried in the seabed is composed of a plurality of rod-shaped members.

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