Management center, mobile body, and non-mobile body

Abstract

To provide a management center, a mobile body, and a non-mobile body capable of lowering temperature of a ground surface and capable of contributing to suppression of a heat island phenomenon.SOLUTION: A management center transmits information based on at least one of the weather forecast and micro-weather forecast and information of a predicted position where temperature of a ground surface is predicted to be equal to or higher than a preset value, to a moving body on which a radiation coolant is mounted.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a management center, a mobile entity and a non-mobile entity. [Background technology]

[0002] A system for suppressing the generation of frost due to radiative cooling or removing frost is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Also, a radiative cooling structure is known (see, for example, Patent Document 2). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2005-199912 A [Patent Document 2] Special Publication No. 2019-515967 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The technology disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a system for suppressing frost formation by radiative cooling or removing frost, but cannot cool the ground. In addition, the target of radiative cooling by the radiative cooling structure disclosed in Patent Document 2 is generally only applied to objects equipped with a radiative cooling structure, and there has been no precedent for cooling the ground.

[0005] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and aims to provide a management center, a mobile body, and a non-mobile body that can lower the temperature of the earth's surface and contribute to suppressing the heat island effect. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] A management center in one embodiment of the present invention transmits information based on at least one of a weather forecast and a micrometeorological forecast, and information on a predicted location where the earth's surface temperature is predicted to be above a predetermined value, to a mobile body equipped with a radiative cooling material.

[0007] A moving body in one embodiment of the present invention is equipped with a radiative cooling material and receives information based on at least one of a weather forecast and a micrometeorological forecast, the information being a predicted location where the ground surface temperature is predicted to be above a predetermined value.

[0008] A non-moving body according to one embodiment of the present invention acquires temperature information of the ground surface in a predetermined area, identifies high temperature locations within the area based on the acquired temperature information, and transmits information on the identified high temperature locations to a moving body equipped with a radiative cooling material located within the area. Effect of the Invention

[0009] According to one aspect of the present invention, the temperature of the earth's surface can be lowered, which can contribute to suppressing the heat island phenomenon. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a moving body equipped with a radiative cooling material according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of a film-shaped radiative cooling material according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the heat island mitigation system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the management center according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of processing performed by the management center according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a moving body according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7]FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of a process performed by a moving object according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a heat island mitigation system according to the second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a heat island mitigation system according to the second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a stationary body equipped with a radiative cooling material. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a non-moving body according to the second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing an example of a process performed by a non-moving body according to the second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of a dense arrangement of multiple moving objects. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a graph showing the results of an experiment conducted by the inventor, illustrating the relationship between the vehicle interval of the moving body 1 and the average temperature of the ground surface located directly below the moving body 1 and the ground surfaces located around it. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram illustrating a heat island mitigation system according to the third embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0011] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the description of the drawings referred to in the following description, the same or similar parts are denoted with the same or similar reference numerals. However, it should be noted that the drawings are schematic, and the relationship between thickness and planar dimensions, the thickness ratio of each layer, etc., differ from the actual ones. Therefore, the specific thickness and dimensions should be determined with reference to the following description. In addition, it goes without saying that the drawings include parts with different dimensional relationships and ratios.

[0012] <Embodiment 1> Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a moving body 1 equipped with a radiative cooling material 4 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 1, the moving body 1 is, for example, an automobile, and is equipped with a vehicle 2 equipped with a radiative cooling material 4 on the outside. The radiative cooling material 4 is provided on the roof 3 of the vehicle 2. Since the roof 3 is exposed to sunlight and is likely to become hot, the cooling effect of the radiative cooling material 4 is high, as shown in formula (1) described later.

[0013] (Radiative Cooling Material) The radiative cooling material 4 has the property of emitting electromagnetic waves when exposed to sunlight, thereby lowering its temperature. The wavelength range of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the radiative cooling material 4 is a wavelength range called the "atmospheric window" where the influence of the atmosphere is small and light transmittance is high, for example, infrared rays from 7 μm to 13 μm and from 16 μm to 30 μm. Since the atmospheric absorption rate of infrared rays in this wavelength range is low, they can propagate into outer space when radiated from near the earth's surface toward the sky. The radiative cooling material 4 receives sunlight with a wavelength of 0.3 μm to 3 μm, and radiates infrared rays in the atmospheric window, thereby releasing thermal energy into outer space.

[0014] The cooling effect of the radiative coolant 4 is expressed, for example, by the following equation (1), which is called the Stefan-Boltzmann law. I = εσ(λ)(T 4 -T0 4 )…(1) In equation (1), I: radiant energy, ε: Stefan-Boltzmann constant, σ(λ): emissivity, T: object temperature, T0: ambient temperature

[0015] The object temperature T is, for example, the temperature of the vehicle 2 directly exposed to sunlight. The ambient temperature T0 is the temperature of space, for example, -264°C. As shown in formula (1), the radiative cooling effect of the radiative cooling material 4 increases in proportion to the fourth power of the temperature. The higher the object temperature T, that is, the higher the temperature of the vehicle 2, the greater the radiative cooling effect.

[0016] Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of the film-shaped radiative cooling material 4 according to the embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 2, the film-shaped radiative cooling material 4 has, for example, a reflective layer 41, a polymer layer 42 provided on one surface (the upper surface in Fig. 2) of the reflective layer 41, and a large number of particles 43 dispersed inside the polymer layer 42.

[0017] The reflective layer 41 is a thin metal film such as silver (Ag) or aluminum (Al). Light incident on the light receiving surface (upper surface in FIG. 2) of the polymer layer 42 passes through the polymer layer 42, is reflected by the reflective layer 41, and passes through the polymer layer 42 again. The thickness of the reflective layer 41 is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 30 nm or more and 1000 nm or less. As an example of the reflective layer 41, a thin silver film having a thickness of 200 nm may be used.

[0018] The polymer layer 42 may be made of at least one of polyolefin, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polymethylpentene (PMP, also known as 4-methylpentene-1 and poly(4-methyl-1-pentene)), polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), combinations thereof, and copolymers thereof. Alternatively, the polymer layer 42 may be made of PMDS. PMDS is a type of silicone called polydimethylsiloxane. The thickness of the polymer layer 42 may be greater than the diameter of the particles 43, for example, 4 μm to 1000 μm. As an example of the polymer layer 42, polymethylpentene having a thickness of 50 μm may be used.

[0019] The particles 43 are composed of, for example, one or more of silicon dioxide (silica, SiO2), calcium carbonate (CaCO3), silicon carbide (SiC), zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO2), and alumina (Al2O3). Although FIG. 2 illustrates an example in which the particles 43 are spherical, the particles 43 may be non-spherical. The diameter of the particles 43 (when the particles are non-spherical, the effective diameter or characteristic dimension) may be smaller than the thickness of the polymer layer 42, for example, 1 μm or more and 30 μm or less. As an example of the particles 43, silica spheres having a diameter of 8 μm may be used. The volume concentration of the particles 43 in the polymer layer 42 is, for example, 1% or more and 25% or less. In the polymer layer 42, silica spheres having a diameter of 8 μm may be dispersed at a volume concentration of 6%.

[0020] The layer including the above-mentioned polymer layer 42 and the plurality of particles 43 has one or more absorption bands in the wavelength range of the atmospheric window, is transparent or nearly transparent to sunlight from 0.3 μm to 3 μm, and has high infrared emissivity in the atmospheric window.

[0021] The film-like radiative cooling material 4 shown in FIG. 2 is wrapped on the outer surface of the vehicle 2 as shown in FIG. 1, for example, on the roof 3 where the light of the sun S is highly direct. The surface of the reflective layer 41 opposite to the surface in contact with the polymer layer 42 is attached to the vehicle 2 via an adhesive or the like (not shown). The film wrapping makes it easy to attach the radiative cooling material 4 to the vehicle 2. The radiative cooling material 4 may be a coating applied to the outer surface of the vehicle 2 (for example, the roof 3) instead of a film. In the case of a coating, the radiative cooling material 4 is composed of a polymer layer 42 and a large number of particles 43. The surface to be coated (for example, the surface of the roof 3) functions as the reflective layer 41 shown in FIG. 2. In the case of coating, the radiative cooling material 4 is also easy to attach to the vehicle 2.

[0022] (Heat Island Mitigation System) Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining a system for suppressing the heat island phenomenon (hereinafter, referred to as a heat island suppression system) according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 3, the heat island suppression system according to the first embodiment includes a mobile body 1 equipped with a radiative cooling material 4 on the outside (for example, on the roof 3) of the vehicle 2 shown in Fig. 1, and a management center 5.

[0023] The management center 5 transmits information based on at least one of weather forecast and micrometeorological forecast (hereinafter also simply referred to as weather forecast information) of a predicted position AR2 where the temperature of the earth's surface is predicted to be equal to or higher than a preset value (hereinafter also referred to as a certain value) to the moving body 1 equipped with the radiative cooling material 4. Here, micrometeorological forecast means predicting the weather in units of several meters, several tens of centimeters, or several centimeters. The number of moving bodies 1 to which the management center 5 transmits weather information is not particularly limited, and may be one or more. When the moving body 1 receives the information of the predicted position AR2 based on the weather forecast information, it moves from the current position AR1 to the predicted position AR2 if it is possible to move. The management center 5 and the moving body 1 will be described in more detail below.

[0024] (1) Management Center FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the management center 5 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the management center 5 includes a forecast information acquisition unit 51, a judgment unit 52, a communication unit 53 (an example of the "first communication unit" of the present invention), and a control unit 54. The forecast information acquisition unit 51 acquires information based on at least one of a weather forecast and a micrometeorological forecast (i.e., weather forecast information). The judgment unit 52 analyzes the weather forecast information acquired by the forecast information acquisition unit 51 and judges whether or not there is a forecast position where the temperature of the earth's surface is predicted to be equal to or higher than a certain value. If there is a forecast position, the communication unit 53 transmits information of the forecast position (e.g., coordinates, a forecast temperature, a forecast time to reach the forecast temperature, etc.) to the moving body 1 equipped with the radiative cooling material 4. In addition, the communication unit 53 may transmit a signal to the moving body 1 to instruct the moving body 1 to move to the forecast position together with the information of the forecast position. The moving body 1 to which the signal is transmitted is not limited to one, and may be multiple. The control unit 54 controls the processing operations of the forecast information acquisition unit 51, the judgment unit 52, and the communication unit 53, and performs various calculation processes.

[0025] The prediction information acquisition unit 51 and the communication unit 53 are composed of, for example, a wireless communication device. The judgment unit 52 and the control unit 54 are composed of, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and a recording medium such as a RAM (Random Access Memory) and a ROM (Read Only Memory). The CPU reads out a program recorded on the recording medium and executes the processing operations and calculation processes of the prediction information acquisition unit 51, the judgment unit 52, the communication unit 53, and the control unit 54.

[0026] 5 is a flowchart showing an example of processing performed by the management center 5 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. First, the management center 5 acquires information based on at least one of a weather forecast and a micrometeorological forecast (i.e., weather forecast information) (step ST1 in FIG. 5). This processing is performed by the forecast information acquisition unit 51. Next, the management center 5 judges, based on the acquired weather forecast information, whether or not there is a predicted position where the heat of the ground is predicted to be equal to or greater than a certain value (step ST2 in FIG. 5). This judgment is performed by the judgment unit 52.

[0027] If the predicted position exists (step ST2; Yes), the management center 5 wirelessly transmits information on the predicted position to the mobile body 1 equipped with the radiative cooling material 4 (step ST3 in FIG. 5). For example, the management center 5 wirelessly transmits information on the predicted position to the mobile body 1 that exists within a preset distance range (hereinafter also referred to as a certain range) from the predicted position. This transmission is performed by the communication unit 53. On the other hand, if the predicted position does not exist (step ST2; No), the process proceeds to step ST4 in FIG. 5.

[0028] Next, the management center 5 judges whether or not to continue the process shown in the flowchart of FIG. 5 (step ST4 in FIG. 5). This judgment is made by the control unit 54. If it is to be continued, the process returns to step ST1. If it is not to be continued, the process shown in the flowchart of FIG. 5 ends.

[0029] (2) Mobile Fig. 6 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the moving body 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 6, the moving body 1 having the radiative cooling material 4 has a predicted position information receiving unit 11 (an example of the "receiving unit" of the present invention), a determining unit 12, and a control unit 13. The predicted position information receiving unit 11 receives information on a predicted position transmitted from a management center 5. The determining unit 12 determines whether or not the moving body 1 can move to the predicted position. The control unit 13 controls the processing operations of the predicted position information receiving unit 11 and the determining unit 12, and performs various calculation processes.

[0030] The predicted location information receiving unit 11 is, for example, composed of a wireless communication device. The judgment unit 12 and the control unit 13 are, for example, composed of a CPU and a recording medium such as a RAM and a ROM. The CPU reads out a program recorded in the recording medium and executes each processing operation and calculation process of the predicted location information receiving unit 11 and the judgment unit 12.

[0031] 7 is a flowchart showing an example of processing performed by the moving body 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. First, the moving body 1 wirelessly receives from the management center 5 information based on at least one of a weather forecast and a micrometeorological forecast (i.e., weather forecast information), which is information on a predicted location where the temperature of the ground is predicted to be equal to or higher than a certain value (step ST11 in FIG. 7). This processing is performed by the predicted location information receiving unit 11.

[0032] Next, the moving body 1 judges whether or not the moving body 1 can move to the predicted position (step ST12 in FIG. 7). This process is performed by the judgment unit 12. For example, when the moving body 1 is moving toward a destination different from the predicted position under the operation or management of an occupant, the judgment unit 12 judges that movement to the predicted position is not possible. Also, when the moving body 1 has been stopped in a parking lot or the like for a long period of time that is equal to or longer than a preset time (hereinafter, a certain time), the judgment unit 12 judges that movement to the predicted position is possible.

[0033] If movement to the predicted position is possible (step ST12; Yes), the moving body 1 moves to the predicted position based on the information of the predicted position received by the predicted position information receiving unit 11 (step ST13 in FIG. 7). This movement may be performed, for example, by the moving body 1 being driven automatically under the control of the control unit 13, or may be driven by a crew member aboard the moving body 1. If movement to the predicted position is not possible (step ST12; Yes), proceed to step ST14 in FIG. 7.

[0034] Next, the moving object 1 judges whether or not to continue the process shown in the flowchart of Fig. 7 (step ST14 in Fig. 7). This judgment is made by the control unit 13. If it is to continue, the process returns to step ST11. If it is not to continue, the process shown in the flowchart of Fig. 7 ends.

[0035] (Effects of the First Embodiment) As described above, the management center 5 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a communication unit 53 capable of wirelessly communicating with the mobile body 1 equipped with the radiative cooling material 4 whose temperature decreases by radiative cooling when exposed to light, and a forecast information acquisition unit 51 that acquires information based on at least one of a weather forecast and a micrometeorological forecast (i.e., weather forecast information) and information on a predicted location where the temperature of the earth's surface is predicted to be equal to or higher than a certain value. The communication unit 53 transmits the information on the predicted location acquired by the forecast information acquisition unit 51 to the mobile body 1.

[0036] According to this, the management center 5 can move the mobile body 1 equipped with the radiative cooling material 4, which has a greater radiative cooling effect than in nature, to a predicted location where the surface temperature is predicted to rise due to direct sunlight S. This allows the management center 5 to lower the surface temperature at the predicted location via the mobile body 1, thereby contributing to the suppression of the heat island phenomenon.

[0037] The moving body 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a radiative cooling material 4 whose temperature decreases by radiative cooling when exposed to light, and a predicted location information receiving unit 11 that receives information based on at least one of a weather forecast and a micrometeorological forecast (i.e., weather forecast information) on a predicted location where the earth's surface temperature is predicted to be above a certain value.

[0038] According to this, the mobile body 1 equipped with the radiative cooling material 4 can move to a predicted position where the temperature of the earth's surface is predicted to rise due to direct sunlight S. This allows the mobile body 1 to lower the temperature of the earth's surface at the predicted position, thereby contributing to the suppression of the heat island phenomenon.

[0039] <Embodiment 2> 8 and 9 are schematic diagrams illustrating a heat island mitigation system according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the heat island mitigation system includes a non-moving body 6 as shown in Figs. 8 and 9. In Figs. 8 and 9, a predicted position AR2 is, for example, a parking lot. The non-moving body 6 is installed on a site such as a parking lot, and has a communication function that enables wireless communication with a moving body 1 located on the site.

[0040] In Fig. 8, the current location AR1 of the mobile object is, for example, in the shade of a tree, and the temperature of the ground surface is below a certain value. The temperature of the ground surface at the predicted location AR2 (for example, a parking lot) is above a certain value due to direct sunlight S. Fig. 8 shows a case in which multiple mobile objects 1 receive predicted location information from a management center 5, and each of the multiple mobile objects 1 moves to the predicted location AR2 based on the received information. The temperature of the ground surface at the predicted location AR2 is above a certain value, but as the mobile object 1 moves, the ground surface at the location AR21 directly below the mobile object 1 is cooled by the cooling effect of the radiative cooling material 4 carried by the mobile object 1, and the temperature of the ground surface drops.

[0041] In addition to the above-mentioned communication function, the non-moving body 8 has a function of acquiring temperature information within the predicted position AR2 (e.g., a parking lot) where the non-moving body 8 is installed. As shown in FIG. 9, for example, when a high temperature position AR22 where the ground surface temperature is higher than the surrounding area exists within the predicted position AR2, the non-moving body 6 transmits information about the high temperature position AR22 (e.g., coordinates, predicted temperature, predicted time to reach the predicted temperature, etc.) to the moving body 1. Having received this information, the non-moving body 6 moves to the high temperature position AR22. As a result, at the high temperature position AR22, the ground surface is cooled by the cooling effect of the radiative cooling material 4 mounted on the moving body 1, and the ground surface temperature decreases.

[0042] Like the moving body 1, the non-moving body 6 may also be equipped with a radiative cooling material 4. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a non-moving body equipped with a radiative cooling material 4. As shown in FIG. 10, the non-moving body 6 is equipped with a housing 66. In the housing 66, the radiative cooling material 4 is attached to an outer surface of the housing 66 that tends to be more directly exposed to the light of the sun S, for example, an upper surface 66a. Due to the cooling effect of the radiative cooling material 4 equipped in the non-moving body 6, the non-moving body 6 and the ground surface around the non-moving body 6 are cooled, and the temperature of the ground surface decreases.

[0043] In addition, the non-moving body 6 may have other functions in addition to the above-mentioned communication function and the function of acquiring temperature information within the premises. For example, the non-moving body 6 may have a charging function of supplying power to the moving body 1, or a gate function of managing the entry and exit of the moving body 1 to the parking lot. The non-moving body 6 with the charging function may have a camera function of capturing an image of the moving body 1 being charged, and a charging fee settlement function. The non-moving body 6 with the gate function may have a camera function of capturing an image of the moving body 1 entering and exiting the parking lot, a parking ticket issuing function, and a parking fee settlement function. By using the non-moving body 6 in combination with other facilities (e.g., charging facilities and gate facilities) within the premises where the non-moving body 6 is installed, the area occupied by the non-moving body 6 within the premises can be relatively small.

[0044] The non-moving body 6 will be described in more detail below. FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the non-moving body 6 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 11, the non-moving body 6 has a temperature information acquisition unit 61, a high temperature position identification unit 62, a communication unit 63 (an example of the "second communication unit" of the present invention), and a control unit 64. The temperature information acquisition unit 61 acquires temperature information of the ground surface of a preset area. For example, the temperature information acquisition unit 61 acquires the ground surface temperature of the predicted position AR2 (for example, a parking lot) shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 as the above-mentioned area. The ground surface temperature of the predicted position AR2 may be actually measured using a temperature sensor installed at the predicted position AR2, or may be a predicted value based on micrometeorological prediction.

[0045] The high temperature position specifying unit 62 specifies a high temperature position in the area where the ground surface temperature is higher than other positions in the area, based on the temperature information acquired by the temperature information acquiring unit 61. For example, the non-moving body 8 specifies a high temperature position AR22 where the ground surface temperature is higher than other positions in the predicted position AR2, based on the ground surface temperature information of the predicted position AR2 (e.g., a parking lot) acquired by the temperature information acquiring unit 61. If the high temperature position AR22 exists, the communication unit 63 transmits information of the high temperature position AR22 (e.g., coordinates, predicted temperature, predicted time to reach the predicted temperature, etc.) to the moving body 1 located in the predicted position AR2. The communication unit 63 may also transmit a signal to the moving body 1 to instruct the moving body 1 to move to the high temperature position AR22, together with the information of the high temperature position AR22. The moving body 1 to which the signal is transmitted is not limited to one, and may be multiple. The control unit 64 controls the processing operations of the temperature information acquiring unit 61, the high temperature position specifying unit 62, and the communication unit 63, and performs various calculation processes.

[0046] The temperature information acquisition unit 61 is composed of, for example, a temperature sensor capable of actually measuring the temperature of the earth's surface. Alternatively, when the temperature information used by the temperature information acquisition unit 61 is a microweather forecast, the temperature information acquisition unit 61 may be composed of a communication device capable of receiving the microweather forecast by wire or wirelessly. The communication unit 63 is composed of, for example, a wireless communication device. The high temperature position identification unit 62 and the control unit 64 are composed of, for example, a CPU and a recording medium such as a RAM and a ROM. The CPU reads out a program recorded in the recording medium and executes the respective processing operations and arithmetic processing of the temperature information acquisition unit 61, the high temperature position identification unit 62, the communication unit 63, and the control unit 64.

[0047] 12 is a flowchart showing an example of processing performed by the non-moving body 6 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. First, the non-moving body 6 acquires temperature information of the ground surface in a preset area (e.g., a parking lot) (step ST21 in FIG. 12). This processing is performed by the temperature information acquisition unit 61. Next, the non-moving body 6 judges whether or not a high temperature position exists in the area based on the acquired temperature information (step ST22 in FIG. 12). This judgment and the identification of the high temperature position are performed by the high temperature position identification unit 62.

[0048] If a high temperature position exists (step ST22; Yes), the non-moving body 6 wirelessly transmits information on the high temperature position to the moving body 1 equipped with the radiative cooling material 4 that is located within the area (step ST23 in FIG. 12). This transmission is performed by the communication unit 63. If a high temperature position does not exist (step ST22; No), the process proceeds to step ST24 in FIG. 12.

[0049] Next, the non-moving body 6 judges whether or not to continue the process shown in the flowchart of FIG. 12 (step ST24 in FIG. 12). This judgment is made by the control unit 64. If it is to continue, the process returns to step ST21. If it is not to continue, the process shown in the flowchart of FIG. 12 ends.

[0050] (Effects of the second embodiment) The non-moving body 6 according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes a communication unit 63 capable of wirelessly communicating with the moving body 1 equipped with a radiative cooling material 4 whose temperature is reduced by radiative cooling when exposed to light, a temperature information acquisition unit 61 that acquires temperature information of the ground surface in a preset area (for example, a parking lot), and a high temperature position identification unit 62 that identifies a high temperature position AR22 in the parking lot where the ground surface temperature is higher than other positions based on the temperature information acquired by the temperature information acquisition unit 61. The communication unit 63 transmits information on the high temperature position identified by the high temperature position identification unit 62 to the moving body 1 located in the parking lot.

[0051] According to this, the stationary body 6 can move the moving body 1 equipped with the radiative cooling material 4, which has a greater radiative cooling effect than in nature, to a high-temperature location where the temperature is higher than the surrounding area. This allows the stationary body 6 to lower the temperature of the ground surface at the high-temperature location via the moving body 1, thereby contributing to the suppression of the heat island phenomenon.

[0052] (Modification of the second embodiment) The non-mobile body 6 may transmit a command signal to each mobile body 1 in the parking lot so that a plurality of mobile bodies 1 densely park within a preset area (for example, a parking lot). For example, within the parking lot, the non-mobile body 6 may transmit a signal (hereinafter referred to as a density signal) to the mobile bodies located in the parking lot to make the interval between two adjacent mobile bodies 1 narrower than the respective widths of the two adjacent mobile bodies 1. This signal is transmitted, for example, by the communication unit 63 shown in FIG. 11 together with the information on the high-temperature position in step ST23 of FIG. 12.

[0053] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of a dense arrangement of a plurality of mobile bodies 1. In FIG. 13, branch numbers -1, -2, and -3 are attached to the symbol 1 to individually identify the plurality of mobile bodies 1, but the branch numbers are omitted when identification is not necessary. Also, in FIG. 13, the symbols W1, W2, and W3 indicate the vehicle widths of the mobile bodies 1-1, 1-2, and 1-3, respectively. The symbol D12 indicates the vehicle interval between the mobile bodies 1-1 and 1-2, and the symbol D23 indicates the vehicle interval between the mobile bodies 1-2 and 1-3.

[0054] For example, when the mobile body 1-1 receives a density signal from the non-mobile body 6 and moves to park on the left adjacent side of the mobile body 1-2, the mobile body 1-1 parks at a narrower interval with respect to the mobile body 1-2 so that the vehicle interval D12 between the mobile bodies 1-1 and 1-2 is narrower than its own vehicle width W1. That is, the mobile body 1-1 parks so that D12 < W1. Similarly, when the mobile body 1-3 receives a density signal from the non-mobile body 6 and moves to park on the right adjacent side of the mobile body 1-2, the mobile body 1-3 parks at a narrower interval with respect to the mobile body 1-2 so that the vehicle interval D23 between the mobile bodies 1-2 and 1-3 is narrower than its own vehicle width W3. That is, the mobile body 1-3 parks so that D23 < W3.

[0055] FIG. 14 is a graph showing the relationship between the vehicle interval of the moving body 1 and the average temperature of the ground surface located directly below the moving body 1 and the ground surface located around the moving body 1, which is the result of an experiment conducted by the inventor. In FIG. 14, the horizontal axis shows the vehicle interval, and the horizontal axis shows the average temperature of the ground surface. As shown in FIG. 14, it was confirmed that the average temperature of the ground surface located directly below the moving body 1 and the ground surface around the moving body 1 decreases when the moving body 1 carrying the radiative cooling material 4 is placed, regardless of whether the vehicle interval is small (narrow) or large (wide). In addition, ΔT1 in FIG. 14 is the temperature difference of the ground surface with and without the radiative cooling material 4, and shows the temperature difference of the ground surface when the vehicle interval is small. ΔT2 in FIG. 14 is the temperature difference of the ground surface with and without the radiative cooling material 4, and shows the temperature difference of the ground surface when the vehicle interval is large. In the result of an experiment conducted by the inventor, ΔT1>ΔT2, and it was confirmed that the cooling effect of the ground surface by the radiative cooling material 4 is higher when the vehicle interval is small. Therefore, by packing multiple moving bodies 1 together (that is, by reducing the distance between vehicles) as shown in FIG. 13, it is possible to expect further cooling of the ground surface.

[0056] <Embodiment 3> Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram illustrating a heat island mitigation system according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The third embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that, as shown in Fig. 15, information based on at least one of a weather forecast and a micrometeorological forecast (i.e., weather forecast information) is transmitted to a non-moving body 6 instead of a management center 5.

[0057] In the third embodiment, the non-moving body 6 has each functional unit (prediction information acquisition unit 51, judgment unit 52, communication unit 53, control unit 54) of the management center 5 shown in Fig. 4, and can execute the process of the flowchart shown in Fig. 5. Similarly to the second embodiment, the non-moving body 6 in the third embodiment also has each functional unit (temperature information acquisition unit 61, high temperature position identification unit 62, communication unit 63, control unit 64) shown in Fig. 11, and can execute the process of the flowchart shown in Fig. 12.

[0058] According to this, the non-moving body 6 can move the moving body 1 carrying the radiative cooling material 4 to a predicted position AR2 (e.g., a parking lot) where the temperature of the ground surface is predicted to rise due to direct sunlight S. In this way, the non-moving body 6 can lower the temperature of the ground surface at the predicted position AR2 via the moving body 1. In this way, the non-moving body 6 can contribute to suppressing the heat island phenomenon.

[0059] Furthermore, the non-moving body 6 can move the moving body 1, which has moved to the predicted position AR2 (for example, a parking lot), to a high temperature position AR22 where the temperature is higher than the surrounding area. This allows the non-moving body 6 to lower the temperature of the ground surface at the high temperature position AR22 via the moving body 1. This allows the non-moving body 6 to further contribute to suppressing the heat island phenomenon.

[0060] <Other embodiments> As described above, the present invention has been described by the first to third embodiments, but the descriptions and drawings forming a part of this disclosure should not be understood as limiting the present invention. Various alternative embodiments and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure. For example, in the first to third embodiments, the mobile body 1 may be a bus, a truck, a towing vehicle, a motorcycle, or a bicycle, and the management center 5 may not be provided in the second embodiment. Even in this case, the non-mobile body 6 can move the mobile body 1 carrying the radiative cooling material 4 to the high temperature position AR22 within a preset area (e.g., a parking lot), and the temperature of the ground surface at the high temperature position AR22 can be reduced.

[0061] Thus, the present technology naturally includes various embodiments not described herein. At least one of various omissions, substitutions, and modifications of components can be made without departing from the spirit of the above-mentioned embodiments and modifications. In addition, the effects described in this specification are merely examples and are not limited to the present invention, and other effects may also be present. [Explanation of symbols]

[0062] 1, 1-1, 1-2, 1-3...moving body, 2...vehicle, 3...roof, 4...radiative cooling material, 5...management center, 6...non-moving body, 8...non-moving body, 11...predicted position information receiving unit, 12...judgment unit, 13...control unit, 41...reflective layer, 42...polymer layer, 43...particle, 51...predicted information acquiring unit, 52...judgment unit, 53...communication unit, 54...control unit, 61...temperature information acquiring unit, 62...high temperature position identifying unit, 63...communication unit, 64...control unit, 66...casing, 66a...top surface, D12, D23...vehicle spacing, W1, W2, W3...vehicle width

Claims

1. A first communication unit capable of wirelessly communicating with a mobile body equipped with a radiative cooling material that is cooled by radiative cooling when exposed to light; a forecast information acquisition unit that acquires information based on at least one of a meteorological forecast and a micrometeorological forecast, the information being a forecast location where the temperature of the ground surface is predicted to be equal to or higher than a preset value; The first communication unit is A management center that transmits the predicted position information acquired by the predicted information acquisition unit to the mobile unit.

2. Radiative cooling materials, whose temperature drops due to radiative cooling when exposed to light, A mobile body comprising: a receiving unit that receives information based on at least one of a weather forecast and a micrometeorological forecast, the information being a predicted location where the ground surface temperature is predicted to be above a preset value.

3. The moving body according to claim 2 , wherein the moving body moves to the predicted position based on the information of the predicted position received by the receiving unit.

4. The moving body according to claim 2 or 3, comprising a vehicle having the radiative cooling material mounted on the outside.

5. The moving body according to claim 4 , wherein the radiative cooling material is in the form of a film and is wrapped on the outer surface of the vehicle.

6. The vehicle according to claim 4 , wherein the radiative cooling material is a coating and is applied to the outer surface of the vehicle.

7. The moving body according to claim 4 , wherein the radiative cooling material is provided on a roof of the vehicle.

8. A second communication unit capable of wirelessly communicating with a mobile body equipped with a radiative cooling material that is cooled by radiative cooling when exposed to light; a temperature information acquisition unit for acquiring temperature information of the ground surface in a preset area; a high temperature position identifying unit that identifies a high temperature position within the area where the ground surface temperature is higher than other positions based on the temperature information acquired by the temperature information acquiring unit, The second communication unit is A non-moving body that transmits information about the high temperature position identified by the high temperature position identifying unit to the moving body located within the area.

9. The second communication unit is The non-moving body according to claim 8, which transmits a signal to the moving bodies located within the area to cluster the moving bodies so that the distance between two adjacent moving bodies is narrower than the respective widths of the two adjacent moving bodies.

10. The non-moving body is a housing disposed within the area; The non-moving body according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the radiative cooling material is also provided on an outside of the housing.

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