Support member and keel block apparatus

Abstract

To provide a support member which has excellent rigidity without the need of a complicated production process, and a keel block apparatus using the same.SOLUTION: A support member is made of a laminate of a plurality of plate-shaped molded bodies. At least a part of the plate-shaped molded bodies is a short direction molded body made of a fiber-reinforced resin in which reinforced fibers are oriented in a short direction in a planar shape viewed from a lamination direction. Also disclosed is a keel block apparatus provided with the support member as a keel block at the uppermost stage.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a support member suitable for a block, and a block device using the support member. [Background technology]

[0002] To support the hull of a ship on a slipway, a large block of timber is used. Blocks are used to support the ship by placing them under the bottom of the ship when it is dry-docked during shipbuilding or repair. Conventional block devices include those in which wooden blocks are stacked on a concrete base, those in which resin blocks are stacked on top of one another, or those in which wooden blocks and resin blocks are stacked on top of one another.

[0003] Prior art document 1 relates to resin blocks, and proposes a multi-layer structure having a foamed core layer and a shell layer, with the core layer having a high foaming ratio and increased rigidity, and the shell layer being non-foamed or having a low foaming ratio and containing an elastomer component, thereby maintaining the balance between the cushioning properties and rigidity that a block should inherently have and preventing the occurrence of cracks. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] JP 2017-19422 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, the manufacturing process for the block described in Patent Document 1 is complicated because it requires a first step of molding a two-layer preform consisting of a core layer and a shell layer by injection molding, and a second step of inserting the obtained preform and injection molding it. An object of the present invention is to provide a support member having excellent rigidity without requiring a complicated manufacturing process, and a block machine using the same. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The present invention has the following aspects. [1] A support member consisting of a laminate of a plurality of plate-shaped molded bodies, wherein at least a portion of the plurality of plate-shaped molded bodies is a short-side direction molded body made of a fiber-reinforced resin in which reinforcing fibers are oriented in the short side direction in a planar shape viewed from the stacking direction. A support member. [2] The support member described in [1], wherein the plurality of plate-shaped molded bodies include the short-side molded body and a longitudinal molded body made of a fiber-reinforced resin in which reinforcing fibers are oriented in the longitudinal direction in a planar shape viewed from the stacking direction. [3] The support member according to [1] or [2], wherein the outermost layer in the stacking direction of the support member is the short-side molded body. [4] The support member according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the fiber-reinforced resin contains long glass fibers in a urethane resin. [5] The support member according to any one of [1] to [4], which is a block used in a block machine. [6] A block device having a plurality of blocks stacked on top of each other, wherein the first block on the top tier is the support member described in [5], and in the first block, the short side direction of the short side direction formed body is vertical. [7] A plate-shaped molding made of a fiber-reinforced resin containing resin and reinforcing fiber, adjacent to the lower surface of the first block, and having a density of 1.3 g / cm 3 The block cutting device according to [6], wherein a high-density green body having the above-mentioned properties is present. [8] The block device described in [7], wherein the second block from the top is a stack of multiple plate-shaped compacts, the stacking direction is vertical, and the upper surface of the second block is made of the high-density compact. [9] The block device according to any one of [6] to [8] further comprises a third block which is a stack of a plurality of plate-shaped molded bodies, the stacking direction being vertical, and some or all of the plurality of plate-shaped molded bodies being longitudinal molded bodies made of fiber-reinforced resin in which reinforcing fibers are oriented in the longitudinal direction in a planar shape viewed from the stacking direction.

[10] A block machine according to any one of [6] to [9], which is a block machine for supporting a ship. Effect of the Invention

[0007] According to the present invention, a support member having excellent rigidity and a block machine using the same can be obtained without requiring a complicated manufacturing process. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a front view showing one embodiment of a block machine. [Diagram 2] 1A, 1B, and 1C are a plan view, a front view, and a side view, respectively, showing an example of a first block. [Diagram 3] 1A to 1D are a plan view of an example of a second block, (a) a plan view from above, (b) a front view, (c) a side view, and (d) a plan view from below. [Figure 4] 13A, 13B, and 13C are plan, front, and side views, respectively, showing an example of a third block. [Diagram 5] 1A, 1B, and 1C are plan, front, and side views, respectively, showing an example of a height-adjusting block. [Figure 6] FIG. 11 is a front view showing another embodiment of the block machine. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0009] ≪Board device≫ An embodiment of a block device using the support member of the present invention as a block will be described. 1 is a front view of a block cutting machine 10 according to a first embodiment. Note that the following figures are schematic diagrams for easily explaining the configuration, and the dimensional ratios of each component may differ from the actual ones. The block device 10 of this embodiment includes, stacked from top to bottom, a first block 1, a second block 2, a third block 3, a pair of height adjustment blocks 4a, 4a, the third block 3, and the third block 3. Each block is a laminated product made by stacking a plurality of plate-shaped bodies flush with each other to form an integrated product. The integration can be achieved by bonding the plate-shaped bodies together using an adhesive. For example, an epoxy adhesive can be used as the adhesive. In this specification, the longitudinal direction and the lateral direction (width direction) of the planar shape of the plate-shaped molded body as viewed from the stacking direction of the blocks (support members) are referred to as the longitudinal direction and the lateral direction of the plate-shaped molded body, respectively. Also, the direction perpendicular to both the longitudinal direction and the lateral direction (width direction) is referred to as the thickness direction of the plate-shaped molded body.

[0010] <Plate-shaped molded body> The plate-shaped molded product may be any product formed into a plate shape, and is preferably a product formed into a plate shape from a fiber-reinforced resin containing reinforcing fibers in the resin. Examples of reinforcing fibers include glass fibers and carbon fibers. As described below, the first block 1, the second block 2, the third block 3, and the height adjustment block 4a each have a plate-shaped molded body made of a long fiber reinforced resin molding containing continuous reinforcing fibers such as long glass fibers. The long fiber reinforced resin molding can be produced, for example, by impregnating long reinforcing fibers aligned in one direction with a composition containing a matrix resin, and then curing the matrix resin. Examples of the matrix resin include urethane resin, epoxy resin, and polyester resin. The density of the long fiber reinforced resin molding is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.4 to 1.5 g / cm 3 is preferable, and 0.6 to 1.2 g / cm 3 is more preferred.

[0011] As described later, the second block 2 has a high-density molded body made of a material obtained by compression molding a mixture of a powdered material obtained by crushing a long-fiber reinforced resin molded product into powder and a binder. The binder may be any material capable of binding the powder together and solidifying the entire powder. For example, when the resin in the powder is a urethane resin, a polyisocyanate compound such as diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) can be used as the binder. The density of the high-density compact is 1.1 g / cm 3More than 1.3 g / cm is preferable. 3 The upper limit is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 10 g / cm 3 Less than 8g / cm is preferable. 3 The following is more preferred:

[0012] <Banki> Figure 2 shows the first block 1, where Figure 2(a) is a plan view, Figure 2(b) is a front view, and Figure 2(c) is a side view. In the following figures, the arrow F indicates the orientation direction of the reinforcing fibers. The plate-like formed bodies constituting the first block 1 are a lateral formed body 11 and a longitudinal formed body 12 .

[0013] The short-side shaped body 11 has a rectangular planar shape when viewed from the lamination direction, and continuous reinforcing fibers are oriented in one direction parallel to the short-side direction. The longitudinally oriented molded body 12 has a rectangular planar shape when viewed from the lamination direction, and continuous reinforcing fibers are oriented in one direction parallel to the longitudinal direction. The length L1 in the longitudinal direction of the lateral formed body 11 and the lengthwise formed body 12 is the same and is, for example, about 20 to 200 cm. The width W1 in the lateral direction of the lateral direction molded body 11 and the longitudinal direction molded body 12 is the same, and is, for example, about 10 to 100 cm. The thickness of the short-side molded body 11 and the long-side molded body 12 in the stacking direction may be the same as or different from each other, and is, for example, about 1 to 20 cm.

[0014] The layering direction of the first block 1 is the thickness direction of the short-side formed bodies 11 and the long-side formed bodies 12 . In the stacking direction, the outermost layer is the short-side shaped body 11, and toward the center, the short-side shaped body 11 and the long-side shaped body 12 are alternately arranged. In the center, two long-side shaped bodies 12 are adjacent to each other and are symmetrical on both sides of the center line P that divides the stacking direction into two equal parts. In the block device 10, the first block 1 is arranged so that the short side direction (fiber direction) of the short side formed body 11 is vertical, that is, the stacking direction of the first block 1 is horizontal. In the block device 10, the first block 1 is placed at the top level in contact with the bottom of the ship.

[0015] FIG. 3 shows the second block 2, where FIG. 3(a) is a plan view seen from above, FIG. 3(b) is a front view, FIG. 3(c) is a side view, and FIG. 3(d) is a plan view seen from below. The plate-like green bodies constituting the second block 2 are a high-density green body 21 and a longitudinal green body 22 .

[0016] The high density molded body 21 has a rectangular shape when viewed from the lamination direction, and contains crushed reinforcing fibers. The reinforcing fibers are not oriented. The longitudinally oriented molded body 22 has a rectangular planar shape when viewed from the lamination direction, and continuous reinforcing fibers are oriented in one direction parallel to the longitudinal direction. The high density green body 21 and the longitudinal green body 22 have the same length L2 in the longitudinal direction, which is, for example, about 20 to 200 cm. The width W2 in the short side direction of the high density molded body 21 and the longitudinal molded body 22 is the same, for example, about 10 to 100 cm. The high density molded body 21 and the longitudinal molded body 22 may have the same thickness or different thicknesses, for example, about 1 to 20 cm.

[0017] The layering direction of the second block 2 is the thickness direction of the high density green bodies 21 and the longitudinal green bodies 22 . In the lamination direction, one outermost layer is a high-density compact 21 , and the other layers are longitudinal compacts 22 . In the block device 10, the second block 2 is placed such that the stacking direction is vertical and the high-density compact 21 is the uppermost layer. In the block machine 10, the first block 1 is stacked on top of the second block 2. That is, the high-density compact 21 is disposed adjacent to the lower surface of the first block 1.

[0018] FIG. 4 shows the third block 3, where FIG. 3(a) is a plan view, FIG. 3(b) is a front view, and FIG. 3(c) is a side view. The third block 3 is a laminated body formed by stacking and integrating a plurality of longitudinally oriented molded bodies 32. The stacking direction is the thickness direction of the longitudinally oriented molded bodies 32.

[0019] The longitudinally oriented molded body 32 has a rectangular planar shape when viewed from the lamination direction, and continuous reinforcing fibers are oriented in one direction parallel to the longitudinal direction. The length L3 in the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal formed body 32 is, for example, about 20 to 200 cm. The width W3 in the short side direction of the longitudinal formed body 32 is, for example, about 10 to 100 cm. The thickness of the longitudinal formed body 32 is, for example, about 1 to 20 cm.

[0020] In the block machine 10, the third block 3 is placed so that the stacking direction is vertical. In the block device 10, the third block 3 is placed on a level lower than the second block 2.

[0021] FIG. 5 shows the height-adjusting block 4a, where FIG. 5(a) is a plan view, FIG. 5(b) is a front view, and FIG. 5(c) is a side view. The height-adjusting block 4a is a laminated body formed by stacking and integrating a plurality of longitudinally oriented molded bodies 42. The stacking direction is the thickness direction of the longitudinally oriented molded bodies 42.

[0022] The planar shape of the longitudinally oriented molded body 42 as viewed from the stacking direction is a trapezoid surrounded by a pair of sides 42a, 42b parallel to the short side direction, a long side 42c parallel to the longitudinal direction, and a hypotenuse 42d. Continuous reinforcing fibers are oriented in one direction parallel to the longitudinal direction. The length L4 in the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal formed body 42 is, for example, about 20 to 250 cm. The maximum width W4 of the longitudinal formed body 42 in the short side direction is, for example, about 10 to 100 cm. The angle between the oblique side 42d and the long side 42c is, for example, about 5 to 15°. The thickness of the longitudinal formed body 42 is, for example, about 1 to 20 cm.

[0023] In the block device 10, the height-adjusting blocks 4a are arranged so that the stacking direction is horizontal. The height adjustment blocks 4a are also called arrow blocks, and as shown in Fig. 1, a pair of height adjustment blocks 4a, 4a are used by overlapping them so that part or all of their slopes 43 face each other. By changing the size of the overlapping part of the slopes 43 in the longitudinal direction of the planar shape of the height adjustment blocks 4a as seen from the stacking direction, the vertical height of the part formed by the pair of height adjustment blocks 4a, 4a can be changed. For example, if the overlap of the slopes 43 is increased from the state shown in Fig. 1, the height of the part formed by the pair of height adjustment blocks 4a, 4a increases. In the block device 10, a pair of height-adjusting blocks 4a, 4a is disposed at a level lower than the second block 2. For example, a pair of height-adjusting blocks 4a, 4a is disposed between the third blocks 3.

[0024] The block device 10 is installed on a concrete base (not shown) by stacking, in order from the bottom, two third blocks 3, a pair of height-adjusting blocks 4a, 4a, the third block 3, the second block 2, and the first block 1. A connecting member may be fastened to the side of the bottom block and the concrete base to fix them to each other. Also, a connecting member may be fastened to the side of adjacent blocks to fix them to each other.

[0025] In the block device 10 of this embodiment, the top stage that abuts against the bottom of the ship is made of the first block 1. The short-side formed body 11 of the first block 1 has reinforcing fibers oriented in the short-side direction and vertical direction, and therefore has excellent compressive strength in the vertical direction, contributing to the rigidity to support the load of the ship. The short-side molded body 11 can be easily manufactured by processing a plate material made of a long-fiber reinforced resin molded product so that the orientation direction of the fibers is in the short-side direction. The first block 1 can be easily manufactured by stacking and integrating a plurality of plate-shaped molded bodies. That is, the first block 1 having the transversely formed bodies 11 can be manufactured without requiring a complicated manufacturing process, and has excellent rigidity.

[0026] Furthermore, since the longitudinally formed bodies 12 of the first block 1 have reinforcing fibers oriented in the longitudinal and horizontal directions, they are prone to bending when subjected to a vertical load, which contributes to cushioning properties. That is, the first block 1 having the lateral formed bodies 11 and the longitudinal formed bodies 12 can be manufactured without requiring a complicated manufacturing process, and has both cushioning properties and rigidity.

[0027] Furthermore, the first block 1 has a structure in which the horizontal direction is the stacking direction, and short-side formed bodies 11 and long-side formed bodies 12 are alternately stacked. Therefore, the first block 1 has a good balance of cushioning properties and rigidity, and even when the load of the ship is locally applied to the top surface (horizontal surface) of the block device 10, the rigidity is too high to support the ship, and the ship's bottom is not damaged or dented.

[0028] The second level below the first block 1 is made up of the second block 2. The top layer of the second block 2 is a high-density compact 21. The high-density compact 21 is a hard material, and prevents the vertically oriented reinforcing fibers in the short-side compacts 11 that make up the first block 1 from penetrating into the layer directly below when subjected to a vertical load, thereby dispersing the vertical load. In addition, the longitudinal molded body 22 below the high-density molded body 21 has reinforcing fibers oriented in the longitudinal and horizontal directions, so that it contributes to cushioning and supports the load distributed by the high-density molded body 21. Furthermore, the third block 3 and the height-adjusting block 4a arranged in the step below the second block 2 also contribute to cushioning properties because the orientation directions of the reinforcing fibers are longitudinal and horizontal.

[0029] <Modification> FIG. 6 is a front view showing a block cutting apparatus 20 according to the second embodiment. The block device 20 of this embodiment includes, stacked from top to bottom, a first block 1, a second block 2, a height adjustment block 5, a pair of wedge-shaped blocks 6a, 6a, a third block 3, and a third block 3. The first block 1, the second block 2 and the third block 3 are the same as those in the first embodiment.

[0030] The height adjustment block 5 has a horizontal upper surface and two slopes on the lower surface. The wedge-shaped block 6a has a horizontal lower surface and a slope on the upper surface. The angle of the slope of the height adjustment block 5 and the slope of the wedge-shaped block 6a relative to the horizontal plane is the same. In the block device 20, the height adjustment blocks 5 are stacked so that the two slopes of the height adjustment blocks 5 and the slopes of the pair of wedge-shaped blocks 6a face each other. By changing the size of the overlapping portion of the slopes in the longitudinal direction of the planar shape of the height adjustment blocks 5 and the wedge-shaped blocks 6a when viewed from the stacking direction, it is possible to change the height from the bottom surface of the wedge-shaped blocks 6a to the top surface of the height adjustment blocks 5.

[0031] The height-adjusting block 5 and the wedge-shaped block 6a are both made of a laminated material, similar to the third block 3, which is made by stacking and integrating a plurality of longitudinally shaped bodies. The stacking direction is the thickness direction of the longitudinally shaped bodies. That is, in the block device 20, the orientation direction of the reinforcing fibers is the longitudinal direction and the horizontal direction, which contributes to cushioning properties. The block cutting apparatus 20 of this embodiment also provides the same effects as those of the first embodiment.

[0032] It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and additions, omissions, substitutions, and other modifications of the configuration are possible without departing from the spirit of the present invention. In the above embodiment, the support member of the present invention is used as a block of a block device, but it can be suitably used as a support member for supporting various supported objects. [Explanation of symbols]

[0033] 1 First block (supporting member) 2 Second block (supporting member) 3. Third block (supporting member) 4a Height adjustment block (support member) 5 Height adjustment block (support member) 6a Wedge block (supporting member) 10, 20 Board equipment 11 Short-side molded body 12 Longitudinal molded body 21 High-density compact 22 Longitudinal molded body 32 Longitudinal molded body 42 Longitudinal molded body 43 Slope

Claims

1. A support member consisting of a laminate of a plurality of plate-shaped molded bodies, A support member, wherein at least some of the plurality of plate-like molded bodies are short-side oriented molded bodies made of fiber-reinforced resin in which reinforcing fibers are oriented in the short-side direction in a planar shape viewed from the stacking direction.

2. The support member according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of plate-shaped bodies include the short-side molded body and a longitudinal molded body made of a fiber-reinforced resin in which reinforcing fibers are oriented in the longitudinal direction in a planar shape viewed from the stacking direction.

3. The support member according to claim 1 , wherein the outermost layer in the stacking direction of the support member is the short-side oriented molded body.

4. The support member according to claim 1 , wherein the fiber-reinforced resin comprises long glass fibers in a urethane resin.

5. The support member according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the support member is a block used in a block machine.

6. A block machine having a plurality of blocks stacked on top of each other, The first block present at the top is the support member according to claim 5 , A block device, wherein in the first block, the short side direction of the short side direction formed body is a vertical direction.

7. adjacent to the lower surface of the first block, A plate-shaped molded body made of fiber-reinforced resin containing resin and reinforcing fibers, having a density of 1.3 g / cm ３ 7. The block machine according to claim 6, wherein a high density compact is present, the high density compact being equal to or greater than 70%.

8. 8. The block device according to claim 7, wherein the second block from the top is a stack of a plurality of plate-shaped compacts, the stacking direction is vertical, and the upper surface of the second block is made of the high-density compact.

9. The block device as described in claim 6, further comprising a third block which is a stack of a plurality of plate-shaped molded bodies, the stacking direction being vertical, and some or all of the plurality of plate-shaped molded bodies being longitudinal molded bodies made of fiber-reinforced resin in which reinforcing fibers are oriented in the longitudinal direction in a planar shape viewed from the stacking direction.

10. 7. The block machine according to claim 6, which is a block machine for supporting a ship.

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