Wood precision machining jig

Abstract

To provide a jig used for cutting processing of a workpiece, for which high precision is required.SOLUTION: There are provided a base 12 on which a processed wood 36 is placed; two support pillars 14 erected on an upper surface of the base 12; a reference plate 16 having one surface brought into close contact with the two support pillars 14, and having a reference surface 17 on the other surface; and an elastic force mechanism for performing positioning by pressing the reference plate 16 to the two support pillars 14 by elastic force. The reference surface 17, which is made to be a surface perpendicular to the upper surface of the base 12, is embedded with a magnet that attracts a flat side surface of a saw. A spacer 26 for limiting upward movement of an upper edge of the saw is further arranged on the reference surface 17. There is provided a back plate for forming a movement space of a saw body part of the saw by sandwiching the reference surface 17 and the spacer 26.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a jig for precision wood processing that can accurately cut wood at a set angle using a saw. [Background technology]

[0002] Automatic machines that precisely process wood according to design drawings are widely used. However, large-scale, expensive automatic machines are not suitable for processing handmade furniture and decorative items. For example, a folding screen-shaped jig as described in Patent Document 1 is used to cut wood on a plane perpendicular to its surface. In addition, Patent Document 2 introduces a saw-tooth cutting jig that holds a saw by clamping it between slits. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2015-176098 A [Patent Document 2] Utility Model Registration No. 3222994 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] For example, there is a case where a handicraft is made by combining blocks of several centimeters in thickness as shown in FIG. 8. If the cut surfaces of each block are not cut with high precision so that the flatness and parallelism are maintained, the joints of each block will not adhere to each other. For example, even if a gap of 0.1 millimeters occurs in a part, the desired shape cannot be assembled. The flatness (degree of inclination) is required to be 0.01 mm or less per 1 cm. This type of work requires skilled craftsmen with advanced skills. If the cut surface is slightly inclined, the surface is polished to flatten it and correct the inclination, but this also requires advanced skill and takes a lot of work time. The present invention has been made with attention to the above points, and aims to provide a jig for precision wood processing that is used when cutting wood at a set angle with high precision without requiring advanced skill. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The following configurations are each a means for solving the above problems.

[0006] <Configuration 1> a base 12 on which the wood 36 to be processed is placed; Two support columns 14 are erected on the top surface of the base 12, A reference plate 16 having one surface in close contact with the two support columns 14 and a reference surface 17 on the other surface; The reference plate 16 is elastically pressed against the two support columns 14 to be positioned. The reference surface 17 is a surface perpendicular to the upper surface of the base 12, and has a magnet embedded therein that attracts the flat side of the saw. Further disposed on the reference surface 17 is a spacer 26 for limiting the upward movement of the upper edge of the saw; This jig for precision machining of wood is characterized by having a back plate which sandwiches a reference surface 17 and a spacer 26 to form a movement space for the saw blade of the saw.

[0007] <Configuration 2> The jig for precision wood processing described in configuration 1 is characterized in that the clamp plate 18 is arranged so as to sandwich the two posts between the reference plate 16 and the clamp plate 18, the tips of two clamp pins 20 which penetrate the clamp plate 18 are fixed to the reference plate 16 directly or via a reinforcing plate 48, and a spring 22 is fitted into the clamp pins 20, and the elastic mechanism of this structure applies elastic force so as to press the reference plate 16 against the posts 14. Effect of the Invention

[0008] With the jig for precision wood processing of the present invention, even an unskilled craftsman can keep the inclination of the saw cut surface below the required accuracy from the start of the cut to the end of the cut, and the saw blade can be kept parallel to the top surface of the wood while cutting, and since the saw blade does not wobble sideways, the corners of the wood are not chipped. Therefore, the cut surface can be easily flattened after cutting, greatly shortening the work time. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] 1A is a perspective view of the jig for precision wood processing of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a perspective view showing the relationship between a reference plate 16 and a saw 34. FIG. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the main part of the jig for precision wood processing of the present invention. [Diagram 3] 1 is a side view showing a saw 34 cutting a piece of wood 36. FIG. [Figure 4] 1 is a top view showing the relationship between the jig for precision wood cutting of the present invention and a saw body 40. FIG. [Diagram 5] 1 is a side view showing the relationship between the jig for precision wood cutting of the present invention and a saw head 40. FIG. [Figure 6] FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing how a saw 34 is used to perform high-precision cutting. [Figure 7] FIG. 1 is a front view showing additional functions of the jig for precision wood processing of the present invention. [Figure 8] FIG. 1 is a plan view of a woodworking product that requires high-precision machining. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0010] Hereinafter, the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to each example. EXAMPLES

[0011] The jig for precision cutting of wood shown in Fig. 1 includes a base 12 on which a piece of wood 36 to be cut is placed. In order to cut the piece of wood 36 with high precision, the top surface of the base 12 is also flattened to the same extent as the surface of the piece of wood 36. That is, in this example, the top surface of the piece of wood 36 placed on the base 12 is also processed to be parallel to the top surface of the base 12, and an example will be described in which the piece of wood 36 is precisely cut at a cross section perpendicular to the top surface of the piece of wood 36.

[0012] If it is desired to cut the wood 36 at a 45-degree angle to the top surface of the wood, the wood 36 can be placed on a table (not shown) that is inclined at 45 degrees and fixed to the base 12. In this example, to obtain a cross section that is perpendicular to the top surface of the wood 36 and perpendicular to the side surfaces, the side surfaces of the wood 36 are pressed against the positioning block 50 during the cutting operation. The position and angle of the positioning block 50 are also set for this purpose.

[0013] A reference plate 16 is provided with one surface in close contact with two supports 14 erected on the upper surface of the base 12, and the other surface has a reference surface 17. The reason for providing the two supports 14 is to sandwich a piece of wood 36 between them, and to position and support the saw from above with high precision to cut the piece of wood 36.

[0014] The reference surface 17 is set and flattened so as to be precisely perpendicular to the upper surface of the base 12. The surface where the support 14 and the reference plate 16 come into contact is also flattened with high precision, so that the reference surface 17 is maintained precisely perpendicular to the upper surface of the base 12, regardless of which surface of the support 14 the reference plate 16 comes into contact with.

[0015] The clamp plate 18 is arranged so that the two support columns are sandwiched between the reference plate 16 and the clamp plate 18. A reinforcing plate 48 is fixed to the surface of the reference plate 16 opposite the reference surface 17. This is to prevent bending of the reference plate 16 and increase its strength. This reinforcing plate 48 is arranged so that it is sandwiched between the support columns 14. Furthermore, the tips of two clamp pins 20 that penetrate the clamp plate 18 are fixed to the reinforcing plate 48. A spring 22 is fitted into the clamp pin 20, which gives it elasticity so as to press the clamp plate 18 against the support columns 14. This constitutes an elastic mechanism that presses the reference plate 16 against the two support columns 14 with elasticity to position it. This structure has the advantage that the elasticity can be easily adjusted and no excessive force is applied when moving the reference plate 16 up and down.

[0016] The height of the reference plate 16 must be adjusted according to the shape of the wood 36. Furthermore, if the reference plate 16 is not lowered when the saw 34 is used to cut the wood 36, the force with which the reference plate 16 suctions and holds the saw 34 vertically will decrease. Even if the reference plate 16 is moved up and down, the reference surface 17 must always be on the same plane. By providing an elastic mechanism that uses elasticity to press the reference plate 16 against the two supports 14 and move it up and down along the supports 14, the required positional accuracy can always be maintained.

[0017] As shown in Fig. 1(b), magnets 32 that attract the flat side of a sawtooth 34 are embedded in the reference surface 17 of the reference plate 16. The attractive force of the sawtooth 34 is set to an optimum value depending on the number of magnets 32 and the embedding depth. If the attractive force is too strong, it becomes difficult to move the sawtooth 34, and if the attractive force is too weak, the flat surface of the sawtooth 34 will separate from the reference surface 17 when the sawtooth 34 is moved, so it is best to determine the optimum value through experiments. A structure in which the sawtooth 34 is pressed against the reference surface 17 using a spring or the like was also attempted, but it was difficult to apply an appropriate pressing force evenly across the entire reference surface 17, and this was not practical.

[0018] Further, a spacer 26 is arranged on the reference surface 17 to limit the upward movement of the upper edge of the saw 34. The saw 34 includes a handle 42 and a saw body 40. The flat surface of the side of the saw 34 refers to the surface of the saw body 40 excluding the blade length 44. The blade length 44 is thicker and not flat than other parts of the saw body 40. If this part touches the reference surface 17, a gap will be created between the flat surface of the side of the saw 34 and the reference surface 17, causing the saw 34 to tilt. Therefore, the spacer 26 serves to prevent the upper edge of the saw 34 from moving upward.

[0019] As shown in FIG. 1(a), if the width S of the reference surface 17 below the spacer 26 is shorter than the width W from the upper edge of the saw 34 to the blade length 44, then the part of the side of the saw 34 other than the flat surface will not come into contact with the reference surface 17.

[0020] Furthermore, a back plate 28 is provided to sandwich the reference surface 17 and the spacer 26 and form a movement space for the saw blade of the saw. This is to prevent the flat surface on the side of the saw 34 from being separated from the reference surface 17 due to the impact when the upper edge of the saw 34 hits the spacer 26. The effect will be explained in more detail with reference to Figure 6.

[0021] The drawing in Figure 2 shows the main parts of the device of the present invention disassembled. Several circular magnets 32 are embedded in the reference plate 16. If the reference plate 16 is made of wood, holes for embedding the magnets 32 can be formed and the magnets 32 can be fixed with adhesive or the like. If the strength of the reference plate 16 is high enough, there is no need to use the reinforcing plate 48. In other words, the clamp plate 18 is penetrated. The tip of the clamp pin 20 can be fixed directly to the reference plate 16 with a nut 24 or the like. Although various other structures have been tried, this structure can be said to be the best design that allows the reference plate 16 to be freely positioned and moved up and down while maintaining high accuracy.

[0022] The spacer 26 is selected to be optimal depending on the thickness of the saw blade 40 of the saw 34. It is therefore advisable to make the spacer 26 replaceable, for example by screwing it to the reinforcing plate 48. The back plate 28 is fixed to the reference plate 16 by sandwiching the spacer 26 between them. When cutting wood 36 with the saw 34, scribe lines are often drawn on the wood 36 in advance at the parts to be cut. The back plate 28 has a viewing groove 30 provided in an appropriate place.

[0023] The scribed line can be viewed directly through this viewing groove 30, and it can be confirmed whether the blade length 44 of the saw 34 is directly above the line. This viewing groove 30 may be provided on the reference plate 16 side. Since the back plate 28 does not come into direct contact with the saw 34, no processing precision is required. Therefore, for example, a transparent plastic plate may be used. If it is transparent, it is possible to view the scribed line on the wood 36 directly from the back plate 28 side.

[0024] In the drawing of FIG. 3, the state is shown in which the spacer 26 is gradually lowered from top to bottom along the support 14 together with the reference plate 16 as the saw 34 is cut. In any state, the blade length 44 of the saw 34 does not come into contact with the reference plate 16. The flat side of the saw body 40 is always moved along the vertical plane set by the reference surface 17 of the reference plate 16. Also, the saw can be cut from start to finish while keeping the blade length 44 of the saw 34 parallel to the top surface of the wood 36. This allows cutting work to be performed without any "chipping" that often occurs at the beginning and end of a cut. This is an extremely useful effect for soft wood such as cedar boards.

[0025] The drawing in Fig. 4 shows a state in which a piece of wood 36 is being cut using a saw 34, as viewed from above. By fixing the piece of wood 36 on the base 12 in this way and aligning it with the positioning block 50, the cutting surface of the piece of wood 36 is positioned vertically and horizontally. In other words, the piece of wood 36 can be cut at a right angle when viewed from above and from the side. If the piece of wood 36 can be placed on the base 12 at an incline of 45 degrees, for example, a cutting surface inclined at 45 degrees can be obtained. By using various auxiliary stands that support the piece of wood 36 on the base 12, the piece of wood 36 can be cut freely and accurately at various angles.

[0026] The drawing in Fig. 5 shows how the saw blade 40 of the saw 34 is positioned in the gap formed between the reference plate 16 and the back plate 28. That is, as shown in the figure, the flat side of the saw blade 40 is in close contact with the reference surface 17 of the reference plate 16, and in this state the wood 36 is cut. At that time, a small gap is formed between the saw blade 40 and the back plate 28, which does not interfere with the operation of the saw blade 40. Furthermore, when the saw blade 40 hits the spacer 26, the back plate 28 can prevent it from recoiling away from the reference surface 17 of the reference plate 16.

[0027] The reason why the device of the present invention can cut wood with extremely high accuracy will be explained using the drawing in Fig. 6. Fig. 6(a) is a side view of the saw 34. As explained above, the saw 34 has a handle 42 and a saw body 40, and the blade length 44 is formed on the lower edge of the saw body 40. Here, a case where a piece of wood 36 is cut using the saw 34 will be explained. Fig. 6(b) is a cross-sectional view of the saw body 40 while cutting the piece of wood 36. In general, the saw body 40 is thicker at the part of the blade length 44. Because the saw 34 has such a cross-sectional structure, when cutting the piece of wood 36 with the saw 34, the saw body 40 can be moved without resistance while cutting.

[0028] Although the gap between the saw head 40 and the wood 36 plays an important role, anyone will experience that the cut surface becomes slightly curved as they cut. If, as shown in (c), a vertical partition 52 is placed on the top surface of the wood 36 and the saw head 40 of the saw 34 is supported while cutting, a more stable cut surface can be obtained. This is a method introduced in Patent Document 1.

[0029] However, the blade length 44 hits the side of the partition 52, causing the saw head 40 to tilt slightly. This tilt can usually be ignored. However, the precision machining jig of the present invention is used for applications requiring high precision that do not allow such tilt. Figure (d) shows the saw guide described in Patent Document 2, in which the saw head 40 is supported between the slits by clamping it from both sides. If the slits are narrow enough, precision is improved. However, pulling and pushing forces are alternately applied to the saw head 40 of the saw 34 when cutting the wood 36. At that time, the saw head 40 swings sideways, so if the slits are not wide enough, it is difficult to move it and the wood 36 cannot be cut. Ultimately, the saw head 40 tilts in the slits as shown in the figure, and a vertical cut surface cannot be obtained with sufficient precision.

[0030] (e) shows the operation of the precision machining jig of the present invention that solves this problem. As shown in the figure, a magnet 32 ​​is embedded in the reference plate 16, and the saw blade 40 of the saw 34 has its flat surface in close contact with the reference surface 17 of the reference plate 16. When the saw 34 is moved in this state, the saw blade 40 can only move in a direction parallel to the reference surface 17 while remaining in close contact with the reference surface 17. This allows the blade 44 to cut vertically from the start to the end of the cut of the wood 36 placed below it. Moreover, the saw blade 44 of the saw 34 can be cut while maintaining it parallel to the top surface of the wood 36 without lateral vibration.

[0031] For example, if the thickness of the saw blade 40 of the saw 34 used to cut the wood 36 is 0.5 mm, the thickness of the blade 44 is about 0.7 mm. The width of the saw blade 40 is about 5 cm. The width of the groove that is created when cutting the wood 36 shown in FIG. 6(b) is about 0.9 mm. If the depth of the groove is 3 cm, when the saw blade 40 tilts in this groove during cutting, it will tilt by 0.45 mm over a maximum of 3 cm.

[0032] Even in the case of (c), there is a 0.1 mm inclination over 3 cm. The same is true for (d). With the precision machining jig of the present invention, cutting can be performed with an inclination of less than 0.01 mm per cm, and less than 0.03 mm over 3 cm. The work shown in Figure 8 is 1 cm thick and 8 cm in diameter. If the joining surface is inclined by 0.1 mm per cm, gaps will appear in various places and the shape will be distorted. According to the method explained using (e), there is almost no inclination of the cut surface.

[0033] FIG. 1(f) shows a state in which the saw head 40 suddenly climbs over the spacer 26 above the saw when the saw is in operation. If the thickness of the saw is 0.5 mm, the thickness of the spacer 26 is about 1 mm. Therefore, there is a risk that the saw head 40 will climb over it due to the force of the saw during use. To solve this problem, the spacer 26 is sandwiched between the reference plate 16 and the back plate 28. As is clear from this drawing, the back plate 28 is not in contact with the saw head 40. Therefore, the saw head 40 does not come into contact with the back plate 28 through this gap, and there is no resistance when the saw is in use. EXAMPLES

[0034] As already explained, when cutting the wood 36 with the saw 34, it may be necessary to gradually lower the reference plate 16 from the top down. FIG. 7 shows an example of a mechanism for vertically moving the reinforcing plate 48 (FIG. 1) used to reinforce the reference plate 16. As shown in FIG. 7, a top plate 60 is fixed to the top of the support 14. A dial nut 62 is loosely fitted in the approximate center of the top plate 60 so as to rotate freely. This has a female screw hole in the center into which a bolt 64 can be screwed. The bolt 64 is fixed to the top of the reinforcing plate 48. By rotating the dial nut 62 in this state, the reinforcing plate 48 can be easily moved vertically up and down.

[0035] If the dial nut 62 is loosely fitted to the top plate 60, when the reinforcing plate 48 is moved up and down, no force in an unnecessary direction is applied to the reference plate 16 fixed to the reinforcing plate 48. In other words, the reference plate 16 can be moved up and down while being pressed against the support 14 by the above-mentioned elastic mechanism. If the elasticity of the elastic mechanism is appropriate, the reference plate 16 will not move when the force used to operate the saw 34 is applied, but it is possible to grasp the reference plate 16 with both hands and move it straight up and down by hand force. The mechanism for moving the reference plate 16 up and down in this embodiment has the advantage that it can be operated with one hand without applying force. With the above configuration, the wood 36 can be cut easily and accurately with the saw to the required accuracy. [Explanation of symbols]

[0036] 12 Foundation 14 Posts 16 Reference Plate 17 Reference plane 18 Clamp plate 20 Clamp pin 22 Spring 24 Nut 26 Spacer 28 Backboard 30 Transparent groove 32 Magnet 34 Saw 36 Wood 38 Guide plate 40 Saw Body 42 Patterns 44 Blade length 48 Reinforcement plate 50 Positioning block 52 Folding screen 54 Saw Guide 60 Tabletop 62 Dial Nut 64 Volts

Claims

1. A base on which the wood to be processed is placed; Two pillars are erected on the top of this base, a reference plate having one surface that is in close contact with the two support posts and a reference surface on the other surface; A resilient mechanism is provided for resiliently pressing the reference plate against the two columns to position the reference plate. The reference plane is a plane perpendicular to the top surface of the base, and has a magnet embedded in it that attracts the flat side of the saw. A spacer is further disposed on the reference surface to limit upward movement of the upper edge of the saw; This jig for precision machining of wood is characterized by having a back plate which sandwiches a reference surface and a spacer to form a movement space for the saw blade of a saw.

2. A jig for precision processing of wood as described in claim 1, characterized in that a clamp plate is arranged so as to sandwich the two posts between the reference plate and the clamp plate, the tips of two clamp pins that penetrate the clamp plate are fixed to the reference plate directly or via a reinforcing plate of the reference plate, and springs are fitted into the clamp pins, and the elastic mechanism of this structure applies elastic force so as to press the one surface of the reference plate against the posts.

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