Device, accelerator, decelerator, and nucleus transformation system

Abstract

To examine a system for nuclear transformation of a nucleus using a muon, while solving a problem in which when a target using carbon atoms is used for a muon target, the carbon atoms are radio-activated at high level through high energy proton radiation, and the muon target is hardly radio-activated, reducing a load in exchange of the target, and solving a problem in which the muon may hardly react with target raw material atoms because of its high speed.SOLUTION: The invention relates to a system for decelerating a cosmic muon generated by cosmic rays and a high speed muon derived from a meson generated by atom collision, using electric field / deceleration means and using the muons for nuclear transformation. There are provided a decelerator using a laser track field and a decelerator using an element forming an electric field. The muons are used for nuclear transformation by coupling, for example, a carbon 12, nitrogen, boron with hydrogen.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 18

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] <Incorporated by reference> The present invention, This application claims the benefit of priority to Japanese patent application No. 2023-150635, filed on September 18, 2023, the entirety of which is incorporated by reference. This application claims the benefit of priority to Japanese patent application No. 2023-151787, filed on September 19, 2023, the entirety of which is incorporated by reference. This application claims the benefit of priority to Japanese patent application No. 2023-174791, filed on October 6, 2023, the entirety of which is incorporated by reference. This application claims the benefit of priority to Japanese patent application No. 2023-174037, filed on October 6, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference. This application is a Japanese patent application, patent application No. 2023-174, filed on October 6, 2023. Benefit of priority to US Pat. No. 180, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety. This application claims the benefit of priority to Japanese patent application No. 2023-196029, filed on November 17, 2023, the entirety of which is incorporated by reference. This application claims the benefit of priority to Japanese patent application No. 2023-196327, filed on November 19, 2023, the entirety of which is incorporated by reference. This application is a Japanese patent application, patent application No. 2024-011, filed on January 29, 2024. Benefit of priority to US Pat. No. 380, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety. This application claims the benefit of priority to Japanese patent application No. 2024-058388, filed on March 31, 2024, the entirety of which is incorporated by reference. This application claims the benefit of priority to Japanese patent application No. 2024-065053, filed on April 14, 2024, the entirety of which is incorporated by reference. This application claims the benefit of priority to Japanese patent application No. 2024-072096, filed on April 26, 2024, the entirety of which is incorporated by reference. This application claims the benefit of priority to International Application No. PCT Application No. PCT / JP2024 / 016620, filed April 28, 2024, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety. This application claims the benefit of priority to Japanese patent application No. 2024-082974, filed May 22, 2024, the entirety of which is incorporated by reference. This application is a Japanese patent application, patent application No. 2024-122, filed on July 29, 2024. Benefit of priority to US Pat. No. 912, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety. This invention is a device / invention related to nuclear power. This invention is related to a muon catalyzed nuclear fusion system. (This is an application based on an idea and requires demonstration.) [Background technology]

[0002] As shown in Non-Patent Document 1, a muon catalyzed nuclear fusion method (muon catalyzed nuclear fusion) is known.

[0003] Hydrogen molecules containing deuterium (D) and tritium (T) are made into a liquid, and muons are introduced into the liquid, where the muons act as a catalyst for nuclear fusion to cause a nuclear fusion reaction. However, in the case of hydrogen molecules, the charge of the atomic nucleus after nuclear fusion increases from +1 for hydrogen atoms to +2 for helium atoms, and the muons are captured and trapped by Coulomb forces by nuclei with a charge of +2, helium nuclei, and alpha particle nuclei, causing the muon-catalyzed nuclear fusion to stop (become difficult to react).

[0004] According to Non-Patent Document 2, a thermonuclear fusion method using protons and boron is known. In thermonuclear fusion reactors, high-energy neutron rays that can activate the fusion reactor through DT and DD reactions are a problem, and as a solution, a system using protons and boron (P-11B system, proton-boron system) that does not or is unlikely to emit neutrons is being considered. When the P-11B system is used in a thermonuclear fusion reactor, there is a problem that the temperature at which thermonuclear fusion occurs must be 10 times higher than that of the DT system. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Non-Patent Document 1] High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Muon-catalyzed nuclear fusion [Internet, WEB page, URL: https: / / www2.kek.jp / imss / msl / muon-tour / fusion.htmll, accessed September 18, 2023] [Non-patent literature]

[0006] [Non-Patent Document 2] National Institute for Fusion Science (NIFS) Demonstration of fusion reaction using advanced fusion fuel - First step towards a clean fusion reactor using hydrogen-boron reaction that does not produce neutrons - [Internet WEB page, URL: https: / / www.nifs.ac.jp / news / researches / 230309-01.html, accessed September 18, 2023] Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] <Issue> In a muon catalyzed nuclear fusion system using hydrogen atoms and hydrogen molecules, muons are captured and trapped by Coulomb force, causing the muon catalyzed nuclear fusion to stop (become difficult to react). In addition, in a system using deuterium D or tritium T in muon nuclear fusion, neutrons are generated that may radioactively activate the components of a fusion reactor or nuclear fusion system, but it may be possible to have a system that does not generate neutrons. <0033> <Issue> In the known muon catalyzed nuclear fusion, there was an issue where muons were attached, captured, or trapped by helium, which is a product of nuclear fusion, rather than by nuclear fusion fuel materials such as hydrogen, deuterium D, or tritium T, and catalytic nuclear fusion stopped. We wanted to solve the problem of muons being captured by the product of nuclear fusion rather than by the nuclear fusion fuel material, making it difficult for the muon catalyzed nuclear fusion reaction to proceed. We also wanted to devise a system that is less likely to generate neutrons. <0059> <Issue> In known muon catalyzed nuclear fusion, there was an issue with fusion fuel materials such as hydrogen, deuterium D, and tritium T, where muons (muons) attach to, are captured, or trapped by helium, a product of nuclear fusion, causing the catalytic nuclear fusion to stop. We wanted to solve the problem of muons being captured by the product of nuclear fusion rather than the fusion fuel material, making it difficult for the muon catalyzed nuclear fusion reaction to proceed. <0060> <Challenge> We want to make it easier to replace the muon target without shutting down the muon fusion reactor. (We want to reduce the downtime when replacing the target. We want to extend the target life.) We also want to miniaturize the muon generation unit and accelerator. <0061> <Problem>Problem to be solved by the invention<Problem of activation of muon target and replacement, maintenance, and reduction of downtime when muons cannot be generated>When generating muons, an accelerated high-energy proton beam is irradiated onto a muon generation target made of carbon or lithium to generate pions, pions, and muons. In this process, the target for generating pions and muons, which is irradiated with the proton beam, deteriorates and becomes activated as it is used, and needs to be replaced. The target becomes highly activated to a level that makes it difficult for humans to approach. Replacing the muon target requires stopping the muon generator and muon fusion system. To address this issue, a rotating muon target has been developed that distributes and averages the irradiated time to other parts of a rotatable disk by rotating the target. In the muon fusion system, if the muon target can be replaced or maintained without stopping the muon generation unit while the muon fusion system is in operation (and downtime when muons cannot be generated can be reduced), this may be commercially advantageous (muon fusion power plants would not have to stop generating power for a span of three weeks, for example, once every six months to replace the muon target). <0066> <Challenges><Miniaturization of muon generating devices, necessity for small accelerators and small muon generators> It is preferable to miniaturize the systems that generate muons (accelerators, accelerating cavities, bending magnets). When installing the above-mentioned nuclear fusion system in transportation equipment, spacecraft, spaceships, aircraft, vehicles, ships, submarines, various facilities, and robots, it is preferable to be able to reduce the size of the system including the accelerator and muon generating device. <0077> <Issue> When using a carbon material or bulk carbon target with carbon atoms as a muon target, there is a problem that the carbon atoms become highly activated through high-energy proton irradiation. In addition, similar problems may occur when beryllium or lithium is used as the target. We would like to devise a system that makes the muon target less likely to be activated. In addition, when the muon target undergoes a knockout reaction, the atomic nuclei in the target are transformed and escape as alpha rays, etc., increasing the number of voids and making the target brittle and unusable, and making it necessary to replace the target, but we would like to devise a system that reduces the burden and labor required for target replacement. <0082> <Challenge> We are considering a device to slow down muons. We want to slow down cosmic muons originating from natural cosmic rays in a large area. We want to slow down muons obtained from mesons obtained by artificial means such as colliding particles accelerated by an accelerator. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] In muon-catalyzed nuclear fusion, we want to bring muons close to hydrogen atoms, which are the fuel material before nuclear fusion, to cause nuclear fusion, but the helium nuclei of the atomic nuclei after nuclear fusion have more charge than the hydrogen nuclei before nuclear fusion, making them easier to capture muons. Therefore, in this invention, as a system that reverses the change in charge, a system that uses protons and boron is disclosed as Example 1 in Figure 1. Also, an assumed example of a spacecraft 3 / transportation device 3 equipped with it is shown in Figure 5. <0033> <Problem><Solution> In muon-catalyzed fusion, a fusion reaction system is used in which the charge of the nuclei of the material produced by fusion is smaller than the charge of the nuclei of the atoms that serve as the fusion fuel.Specifically, we propose a muon-catalyzed fusion system that uses protons and boron, or diborane, which contains protons and boron as hydrogen molecules, as the fusion fuel. <0027> In Fig. 1, protons are irradiated onto boron, but as shown in Fig. 6, borane, diborane B2H6, or boron hydride, which is a compound in which boron, protons, and hydrogen atoms are bonded together, may be used for the target part T1. For example, liquefied diborane may be used for the fusion fuel F1 or the target part T1. The system in Fig. 6 uses diborane containing hydrogen and protons, so there may be an advantage in that the proton introduction part P1 shown in Fig. 1 etc. is not required. <0028> Fig. 7 shows the 1F-SYS-RAM system, which pressurizes, compresses, and circulates diborane and irradiates it with muons to induce nuclear fusion. (Fig. 7 is one of the examples and embodiments of Fig. 6.) Fig. 7 is an assumed diagram of the case where a system using the diborane of the present invention is applied to a system in which a known nuclear fusion fuel fluid having a ramjet section circulates in a closed loop system. <0029> The diborane in the 1F-SYS-RAM system in Figure 7 is pressurized and compressed by the compressor PUMP and circulated. The pressurized fluid diborane is further compressed by the compressor section RAM to form the compressed BH1 section (PBH1 section). Muons are irradiated to PBH1 from the muon irradiation section M1, promoting nuclear fusion. (Because diborane is compressed, its density increases, making it easier for it to come into contact, close to, and touch muons, and it is hoped that this will make it easier for the catalytic nuclear fusion reaction to occur.) <0030> The system 1F-SYS-RAM in Figure 7 has the advantage that protons and boron can be supplied to the system together as diborane, a bond between hydrogen and boron. Not only is the proton introduction section P1 unnecessary, but it is also possible to add fuel to the system and remove He (degassing) from the system. (The feed control section FEEDC is used for the helium He removal section, diborane fuel supply section, etc.) <0031> Also, considering the tendency for impurities with atomic numbers larger than that of boron to be mixed in, diborane, which is a gas that can be purified, may be better than solid boron. (Solid boron needs to be produced, purified, and refined as a solid crystal.) As mentioned in paragraph 0024 of this application using sodium borohydride NaBH4 as an example, this application does not favor the presence of atoms with atomic numbers larger than the atomic number of the fusion fuel, post-nuclear fusion products EX1, or impurities in the fuel. *Although the proton-boron nuclear fusion system is shown as an example, to disclose the conditions of the present invention more generally so as not to limit the scope of the invention, it may be sufficient if the charge of the substance generated when atomic nuclei fuse is smaller than the charge of the atoms that become the nuclear fusion fuel. (And there may also be a system that does not generate neutrons or is difficult to generate neutrons.)

[0009] <0060> <Problem><Solution> A movable target (insertable) in the form of a wedge or thin disk or plate is used in a circular accelerator (Fixed Field Strong Convergence Accelerator (FFAG accelerator), MERIT ring, MERIT accelerator *MERIT: Multiple Energy Recovery Internal Target). The movable target may be replaceable by a replacement device, or may have two or more movable target parts and muon capture solenoids / muon extraction parts, allowing the movable target part to be moved in and out, or back and forth from the outer periphery to the inner periphery of the accelerator (the MOVE part in Figure 12). Pions and muons may be generated by irradiating the movable target with a proton particle beam. <0062> <Solution> <Means for solving the problem> <Mode for carrying out the invention> <Extending muon target life and reducing downtime with rotating muon target MU-DISK-TGT> In the circular accelerator 2MU-ACC-RING (FFAG accelerator 2MU-FFAG, MERIT ring, MERIT accelerator 2MU-MERIT-RING), the muon target part is arranged to protrude in a wedge shape (especially in the MERIT type ring), and the rotating target part is a carburette-shaped rotating target with a thin and sharp outer periphery (sharp shape, protruding in a wedge shape), or By using the rotating target MU-DISK-TGT, which is shaped like a record or disk and resembles a sharp rotating saw (a thin, narrow disk with a sharp outer tip, or a wedge-shaped rotating muon target MU-WEDGE-DISK-TGT in Figures 10, 11, and 12), we attempt to suppress and average the activation of the MERIT-type wedge-shaped muon target (fixed muon target), extend the muon target's lifetime, delay activation, and increase the time the muon target can be used. * For example, a rotating muon target MU-WEDGE-DISK-TGT or MU-DISK-TGT may be configured as shown in Figures 10, 11, and 12, which may be a wedge or triangle with one side of the cross section of the disk becoming thinner toward the outer periphery (or a thin disk), and a movable muon target unit (2MU-GEN-ROT-TGT) may be configured which is equipped with a rotation means such as a motor for rotating the rotating muon target and a rotation support means such as a bearing, and the muon target part MU-MOVABLE-TGT or MU-DISK-TGT may be capable of being inserted (or removed) from the particle beam orbit part of the accelerator (2MU-FFAG, 2MU-ACC-RING, 2MU-MERIT-RING) toward the particle orbit on the outer periphery of the accelerator. The rotating muon target part 2MU-GEN-ROT-TGT may be provided in the target part or pion muon generation part of the muon generator 2MU. (※If we think of the circular accelerator as a doughnut, we can insert, remove, and move a rotating muon target like a rotating saw in the poloidal direction into the outer periphery of the doughnut, where particles circulate, at the protruding wedge of the MERIT ring. A rotating target that can make cuts in the ring with a rotating saw or perform an operation like removing it can be inserted and removed into the 2MU-MERIT-RING in Figures 10 and 12.) *As shown in Figure 10, a wedge-shaped rotating muon target MU-WEDGE-DISK-TGT or a rotating muon target MU-WEDGE-DISK-TGT with a thin, plate-shaped movable part (the target MU-WEDGE-DISK-TGT may be rotatable, and the shape of the target may be a wedge shape, a shape with a thin protruding part in the ring part, or a thin plate shape so that the particles can regain their energy again inside the MERIT ring or circular accelerator after the particle beam of the MERIT method hits the target. *In Figure 10, the rotating muon target MU-WEDGE-DISK-TGT (wedge-shaped, with a thin part) is cut in the accelerator like a rotating saw that cuts the outer periphery where the particles pass so that it is perpendicular to the circular and doughnut-shaped toroidal direction of the vacuum particle accelerator, circular accelerator, FFAG, and MERIT ring. The muon target is inserted into a part of the outer periphery of the surface (so as to collide with the orbit of the accelerated particle beam revolving around the outer periphery) and can rotate. In Figures 10, 11, 12, and 13, the particle accelerator may be operated and rotated, or the movable muon target may be inserted and moved (MOVE) while maintaining a vacuum, and the movable muon target may be exchanged (EXCHANGE / SET). A motor (MU-TGT-MOT) and bearings (MU-TGT-BRG) are used for rotation. The wedge-shaped rotating muon target MU-WEDGE-DISK-TGT attached to the axis (AXIS-TGT-BRG) rotates across the outer periphery of the circular accelerator FFAG MERIT ring (a part of the outer periphery of the ring doughnut. *Cross-section CS of Figure 10, cross-section CS from point CSP1 to CSP2.).

[0010] <Replacement of muon target at activation and removal of activated part> Also, when a wedge-shaped rotating muon target is activated, the activated tip can be cut, milled or cut off to remove the activated part, and the weakly activated part can be recycled and reused, as shown in the right figure of Figure 11. Machines and robots can also be used for unmanned operation. In the case of a rotating muon target, the area near the wedge-shaped and thin part is activated, compared to a fixed target or a rotating target with a thickness, and the thickness and volume of the area irradiated with the proton ion beam can be reduced, which is expected to lead to a reduction in activated radioactive waste. <A system for cutting and maintaining the beam-irradiated part of the rotating muon target where muon target activation is progressing during muon generation operation and accelerator operation, and for grinding and removing the activated part with a grindstone. A system for cutting, grinding and removing the target before it becomes highly activated during muon generation operation, accelerator operation and device operation.> Wedge-shaped rotating muon target As shown in the right figure of Figure 11, the rotating target part may be ground or removed by bringing a grindstone or a device capable of grinding and removing part of the target close to the irradiated part of the disk while rotating during the operation of the muon generation part, accelerator and MERIT ring. The activated part may also be ground, cut or removed by a grinding and removing device. (If grinding is exhausted and it is not possible to grind it down, or if the surface of the disk cannot be formed by grinding during operation, it may be replaced with a new disk by a disk exchange machine or robot arm.)

[0011] <0063> <Automated replacement of movable muon targets> Figure 10 shows a system capable of replacing muon targets as an example of a system for replacing and exchanging a wedge-shaped rotating muon target for muon generation after activation by proton irradiation, and for replacing a target when the muon target extraction port is fixed in one place. <0064> For example, a device / robot part (TGT EXCANGE ROBOT / ARM (JUKE BOX MACHINE LIKE)) that can replace records / disks (wedge-shaped rotating muon target MU-WEDGE-DISK-TGT) by a robot arm or the like like a jukebox, and a magazine part / disk holder / arm (2TGT-EXCHANGE-ARM) that can rotate by a rotation means 2TGT-EXCHANGE-MOT and multiple wedge-shaped rotating muon targets MU-WEDGE-DISK-TGTs (like the rotating magazine of a revolver) and a rotatable axis (2TGT-EXCHANGE-AXIS) by a motor or the like (2TGT-EXCHANGE-MOT) may be mounted, and the wedge-shaped rotating muon target may be replaced by rotating the arm. The replacement may be automated. <0065> Figure 12 shows the replacement and exchange system for the wedge-shaped rotating target for muon generation after proton irradiation activation (when two muon extraction ports and solenoids are arranged, and one of the extraction ports is stopped and the target is replaced). Two systems are required for the muon extraction port, solenoid, and muon irradiation system for the fusion fuel, but there is no need for the above-mentioned replacement rotation mechanism, and the irradiation system and target T1 of the fusion reaction section can also be made into two systems, with the intention of reducing downtime when power cannot be generated. (There are two systems in Figure 12, but multiple systems are also possible.) In Figure 12, two or more wedge-shaped rotating targets, solenoids for muon capture, and muon extraction units are provided, and the movable muon target and wedge-shaped rotating target MU-WEDGE-DISK-TGT can be inserted and removed, moved back and forth, and inserted from the outer periphery of the accelerator to the inner periphery (the MOVE part in Figure 12). The movable target part is moved (MOVE), pushed out, inserted, extracted, and pulled back within the MERIT ring, and the proton beam is controlled to collide with the wedge-shaped rotating target part or not by the MOVE step and the insertion / removal step, and the pion-muon generation at one of the extraction ports can be controlled on and off.When replacing the target part in Figure 12, it is completely pulled out and pulled back from the MERIT ring for maintenance and replacement. Replacement etc. can be automated using a machine or robot (TGT EXCANGE ROBOT / ARM).

[0012] <0082> <Solution Means><Means for solving the problem> The invention regarding the solution means is described in the present specification and in Figures 18 to 20. Also, Figure 21 shows a transportation device 3 / structure 3 that uses cosmic rays or cosmic muons for nuclear transmutation by slowing them down, and uses the energy from the nuclear transmutation as an energy source for propulsion and power generation.

[0013] <Ionization cooling> Negative muons may be slowed down using ionization cooling. Ionization cooling is based on the fact that a properly prepared muon beam passes through a suitable material (absorber) and loses momentum and slows down due to ionization. It is preferable to use an absorber using hydrogen or lithium, which are atoms with low atomic number Z. Cooling using both liquid hydrogen and lithium hydride absorbers is known according to the following reference 1. (Reference 1: International Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment MICE collaboration, Nature volume 578, pages 53-59 (2020)) A part of the solenoid cooling and slowing down channel is constructed and operated to perform ionization cooling and slowing down of muons using both liquid hydrogen and lithium hydride absorbers. *It may be possible to use the target part T1, which is an atom with low atomic number Z and is the target part for muon fusion and nuclear transmutation, such as azan containing nitrogen-15 and hydrogen, which binds muons to promote nuclear transmutation in this application, or borane containing boron and hydrogen (carbon-12, etc.), which binds muons to promote nuclear transmutation in this application, as the absorber. *Muons may be combined with hydrogen ions to form muonic atoms and slow down. The muon may be bonded to an atom heavier than hydrogen, such as boron or nitrogen, to form muonic boron atoms, muonic nitrogen atoms MP1, MA1, etc. (MP1, MA1 may be decelerated), and then injected into a fuel material target section T1 containing hydrogen. (In the configuration of B in FIG. 16, a muonic atom MA1 of atom A may be formed, and MA1 may be decelerated by some electric field (magnetic field) means, and then MA1 may be irradiated, thrown, or collided with a target part T1-B that may contain an atom B for nuclear fusion or nuclear transmutation, causing muonic nuclear fusion or nuclear transmutation. <Frictional cooling>* A carbon film may be placed on the target part T1 that is irradiated with negative muons, and the muons may be decelerated (frictional deceleration or frictional cooling) by friction as they pass through the carbon film at a certain speed. The muons may be attenuated by a carbon film containing carbon-12 (or a carbon film for frictional cooling made of carbon-12) for frictional cooling (frictional deceleration), or the decelerated muons may bind to carbon-12 within the carbon film, and then the carbon-12 may be muonic transmuted.* In addition to the carbon film, a solid or liquid part that can become T1·FEED at low Z such as boron hydride may also be considered. An ionization cooling effect may also be used in combination with a carbon film containing a low Z element such as hydrogen.<Decelerator using deceleration cavity> Particle accelerators and linear accelerators may be used for muon deceleration. The configuration using the pulse power supply and deceleration cell described in the following reference is publicly known and may be used in the muon deceleration section in this application. (Reference: Negative muon deceleration for condensed matter research Proceedings of the 16th Annual Meeting of Particle Accelerator Society of Japan July 31 - August 3, 2019, Kyoto, Japan, PASJ2019 FRPI008).

[0014] <Example of implementation> <Muon decelerator using pulsed laser> Figure 18 shows the muon decelerator 2MUDECE and the nuclear transmutation system 1EXP-SYS using a laser wakefield using a pulsed laser. Figure 18 is similar to the configuration of an inertial confinement fusion reactor using laser irradiation in an inertial confinement system. However, in Figure 18, in order to receive and decelerate muons pouring down from space or muons originating from an accelerator or pion generator, instead of omnidirectional (symmetrical) laser irradiation as in the inertial confinement system, the target part may be irradiated with a laser in a direction that receives high-speed muons. For example, Figure 18(A) shows a configuration in which, when high-speed cosmic muons enter the ground side from space, air, or the sky, a pulsed laser is irradiated from a hemispherical dome-shaped laser irradiation unit located on the ground to the central target part T1 to decelerate the muons in the laser wakefield (facing the incoming muons in (B)), and a laser is irradiated to form a laser wakefield and decelerate the muons. Also, the example in Figure 18 is not limited to the use of cosmic muons. In FIG. 18, an artificial muon M1 generated using an accelerator and accelerated particle collision process may be decelerated and injected into a target T1. A laser may be irradiated onto the target section so that the artificial muon can be irradiated onto the target section and the muon can be decelerated.)* In one embodiment of the present application, it is sufficient to implement a configuration in which a pulsed laser capable of forming a laser wake field or an electric field can be irradiated onto the target section T1. The T1 may be a target capable of nuclear fusion or nuclear transmutation. In one embodiment, the system may be a nuclear fusion or nuclear transmutation system using an atom with a small atomic number Z, such as carbon, nitrogen, boron, or hydrogen, for T1. *For example, in a muon-catalyzed nuclear fusion reaction between hydrogen atoms (H, D, T), helium is produced and the muons are trapped by the helium, causing the catalytic nuclear fusion reaction to stop. However, if the energy produced by the nuclear fusion of hydrogen atoms exceeds the energy obtained by slowing down natural cosmic rays and cosmic muons and the balance is balanced, it may be possible to use it as an energy source, so this application may also attempt to cause nuclear fusion between hydrogen atoms in a system 1EXP-SYS having a part for slowing down cosmic muons such as in Figure 18, or in a structure 3 / transport equipment 3 that includes it.(*Although the configuration in which the muon is decelerated by an electric field is described, if the trajectory of the high-speed muon can be changed by a magnetic field, it may be changed. A muon may be injected into the target section T1 by combining an electric field for deceleration and a magnetic field for deceleration and trajectory change.) Figure 18(A): When a high-speed cosmic muon enters the ground side from the space / air / sky side, a pulse laser is irradiated from a hemispherical dome-shaped laser irradiation section placed on the ground to the central target section T1 on the space / air / sky side, the target section is turned into plasma, and a laser wake field / electric field facing the space / air / sky side is generated and used to decelerate the muon. Also, a high-speed muon M1F generated by the muon generator M1 may enter T1, where a laser wake field / electric field is formed in T1 to decelerate M1F to M1L, which is then bonded to an atom in T1. Figure 18(B): An explanatory diagram of pulse laser injection from the laser irradiation part MDCL to the target part T1 in Figure 18(A), a diagram of muon injection and deceleration, and an explanatory diagram of the formation of plasma 2LASER-PLASMA, laser wake field LWF, and electric field 2LASER-EF. Figure 18(C): An explanatory diagram of the case where the decelerators 2MUDECE in Figure 18(A) are arranged continuously in a horizontal direction and configured as an array of decelerators. *One space muon reaches the air or ground per second per 60 cm2, and for example, 1.6 x 108 muons can reach an area of ​​1 km x 1 km per second. Therefore, a configuration in which the decelerators 2MUDECE are arranged to cover the area is assumed. *The array may be equipped on land, sea, air, or space transportation equipment 3. Since muons can reach shallow areas, it may be possible to mount it on a submarine or underwater 3. *In one embodiment of the present application, the system may be a system capable of irradiating a pulsed laser and irradiating cosmic muons or fast muons.

[0015] <Example of implementation> <Muon decelerator using elements that generate electric fields> As an example of using an electric field, an element capable of generating an electric field (which may include an electric double layer generating unit) composed of atoms with a small Z is shown in Fig. 20. The device in Fig. 20 may be capable of applying a pulse voltage / potential difference between the electrodes 2ER by a power supply unit so that the electric field can be generated in a pulsed manner. As one embodiment of the present application, the configuration in Fig. 19(A) may be performed using the device in Fig. 20. *An example of an element that forms an electric field is shown in Figure 20. In the system shown in Figure 20, when muons are incident on an electrode, an insulator layer, etc., a decelerator or decelerating element made of atoms with a small atomic number Z that are difficult to trap or weakly interact with muons may be used at the point of incidence.

[0016] <Transportation equipment 3, spaceship 3, space structure, and habitat 3 capable of obtaining muons from cosmic rays> Figure 21 shows an explanatory diagram of transportation equipment 3, spaceship 3, and space structure 3 that can generate and use mesons and muons by receiving cosmic rays. The equipment 3 and structure 3 may be equipped with a muon decelerator array as shown in Figures 18 to 20. 1EXP-SYS assumes the operation of nuclear batteries, muon nuclear fusion batteries, and muon nuclear transmutation batteries using cosmic rays (for example, as a power source that can operate even in places on the moon where sunlight does not reach). The cosmic rays (COSRAY1) are received by a cosmic ray receiving section in the transportation equipment or structure 3, and mesons, pions, and muons are generated in the cosmic ray muon conversion section 2MU-COSRAY. The muons are then collected (by being decelerated in a decelerator 2MUDECE), and transported to and irradiated with a target T1. *The idea is that (similar to how natural sunlight is captured by large-area solar cells and photoelectric conversion elements in solar power generation and then collected by an electrical circuit to be used as electricity), for example a large space habitat would be equipped with a cosmic ray-muon conversion unit 2MU-COSRAY that captures natural cosmic rays over a large area, and a decelerator array unit that slows down the muons generated by the conversion unit, and (using something like a net to capture large-area cosmic rays and muons, and something like a circuit to slow down and collect the muons) muons that are slower than cosmic rays would be harvested and irradiated onto target T1 for nuclear transmutation and power generation, which would then be used to power and propel structure 3. *The transport device 3 may be equipped with an accelerator, and particles may be accelerated and collided using the accelerator to generate mesons, pions, and muons, which may then be decelerated and used in a nuclear transmutation system using muons. *The target part that collides with the cosmic rays, the muon target part (SMR1, 2MU-COSRAY) may be provided on the transportation equipment 3 such as the cosmic ray, artificial satellite, space probe, space structure, etc., and the target part may include gas (including helium, hydrogen atoms, oxygen and nitrogen atoms of the atmosphere). The target part may include liquid such as water.

[0017] <Cosmic ray source> Cosmic rays coming from outside or within the solar system may be used as the source of cosmic rays (accelerated protons, helium ions, etc.). *Muon generators using known accelerators can generate 100 to 100 million muons per second per beam of several centimeters. On the other hand, on the ground and in the sky, muons originating from cosmic rays rain down on the palm of your hand at one muon per second. If a muon deceleration array, muon capture section, capture circuit, and muon injection section into a target could be configured over an area / zone equivalent to 1,000 palms, it may be possible to use 1,000 muons per second for nuclear transmutation without using an accelerator. Therefore, this application proposes a system that utilizes, decelerates, and captures cosmic rays and cosmic muons over a large area. These muons may be used in the nuclear transmutation system of this application (for power generation by nuclear fusion and nuclear transmutation, and for nuclear transmutation). [Brief description of the drawings]

[0018] [Figure 1] Figure 1 is an explanatory diagram of a muon catalyzed nuclear fusion system using boron and protons. [Diagram 2] Figure 2 shows an example of a nuclear fusion reaction system in which, when atomic nuclei fuse, the charge of the nuclei of the material produced by nuclear fusion is smaller than the charge of the nuclei of the atoms that serve as the fusion fuel. [Diagram 3] Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram of a muon catalyzed nuclear fusion system using lithium and protons. [Figure 4]Figure 4 is a comparative explanatory diagram of the muon catalyzed nuclear fusion method using D or T and the muon catalyzed nuclear fusion method using protons and B or Li. (The upper part of Figure 4 is the method using D and T, and the lower part of Figure 4 is the method using protons and B and Li.) [Diagram 5] An explanatory diagram of the fusion reactor 1R and its applications. [Figure 6] Figure 6 is an explanatory diagram and a conceptual diagram of a muon-catalyzed nuclear fusion system using diborane-borohydride-azane. (This is an explanatory diagram of the system in which the target T1 is diborane-azane, excluding the part where protons are irradiated in Figure 1.) [Figure 7] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a muon catalyzed fusion system using a diborane-borohydride section pressurized in a ramjet fashion. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a system in which boron hydride such as diborane and muonic hydrogen atoms are mixed and compressed in the compression section. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 shows an example of a system having a compression section and a heating section. (A laser irradiation system may also be provided.) [Figure 10] An explanatory diagram of a case where a movable muon target for muon generation and a rotating muon target are inserted into the MERIT accelerator and MERIT ring, the target is rotated and moved, and the target is exposed to a particle beam to generate pions and muons. (The cross section of the rotating disk is thin, and it can also be a wedge-shaped one with a thin outer periphery.) [Figure 11] An explanatory diagram of how the movable disk-shaped muon target is replaced by a machine. [Figure 12] This is an explanatory diagram for the case where one of the extraction ports is stopped, the movable muon target part is removed and moved from the accelerator, and the muon target part is replaced with another muon target. [Figure 13] An explanatory diagram of a device that uses a movable muon target to exchange muon targets and collide particles with the muon target to generate pions and muons in parallel, and a muon nuclear fusion and muon nuclear transmutation system. [Figure 14] A schematic diagram of a meson / muon production system in which the movable muon target contains hydrogen atoms, protons or helium atoms. [Figure 15]An explanatory diagram of a meson / muon production system that uses helium atoms (or hydrogen atoms / positively charged particles) moving through a circular accelerator as a muon target. [Figure 16] An explanatory diagram of a nuclear fusion system, nuclear transmutation system, and atom production system that uses a meson production system. [Figure 17] As one embodiment of the present application, an explanatory diagram of a method for slowing down cosmic muons or high-speed muons and irradiating / injecting / bonding them into atoms in the target T1 to attempt nuclear transmutation or nuclear fusion. (A) An example of slowing down high-speed cosmic muons with a dome-shaped decelerator array covering the celestial sphere, space, and sky sides of the target T1 on the ground and irradiating them to T1 to attempt nuclear transmutation. (B) An example of directly irradiating the target T1 of raw material atoms and molecules with a laser to form an electric field capable of slowing down the muons, slowing them down, and attempting muon nuclear fusion or muon nuclear transmutation of T1. [Figure 18] An explanatory diagram of an example of attempting muon nuclear fusion or muon nuclear transmutation by irradiating a pulsed laser directly onto a target T1 (raw material atoms or molecules) to form an electric field capable of slowing down the muons and binding them to atoms in T1. [Figure 19] An explanatory diagram of a configuration in which an element that generates an electric field is used as a muon decelerator. (A) An explanatory diagram when decelerating muons using an element that generates an electric field. (A) A configuration in which muons incident on the target section T1 may rotate due to the magnetic field B and move within the atoms in the target section. (B) An explanatory diagram when an electric field for decelerating muons is formed using a pyroelectric body and an array of pyroelectric bodies, and the muons are decelerated by the electric field. (B) A configuration in which the temperature of the end of the pyroelectric body is changed to generate an electric field in the pyroelectric body, and the electric field is used as a means for decelerating muons. [Figure 20] An explanatory diagram of an element that generates an electric field. (A) When a capacitor element using electrodes and an insulator / dielectric is used. (B1) When an electric double layer capacitor type element is used. (B2) An explanatory diagram of an element including an electric double layer portion. [Figure 21] An explanatory diagram of the transportation equipment / structure 3 equipped with the part that generates mesons and muons from cosmic rays. [Figure 22] An explanatory diagram of a hypothetical muon-based nuclear transmutation and fusion system that takes into account muon nuclear capture reactions. [Diagram 23]An explanatory diagram of a hypothetical muon-based nuclear transmutation and fusion system that takes into account the muon nuclear capture reaction when ammonia containing nitrogen-15 is irradiated with muons. [Figure 24] An explanatory diagram of a hypothetical nuclear transmutation and fusion system that uses muons, taking into account the muon nuclear capture reaction that occurs when boron hydride containing boron-11 (a system of boron hydride anions and lithium cations) is irradiated with muons. [Diagram 25] An explanatory diagram of communication system 1NUT-COM and communication system 1MU-COM. [Figure 26] An explanatory diagram of the communication system 1NUT-COM. [Figure 27] An explanatory diagram of the configuration in which muons M1 are irradiated onto target T1 in vessels 4D-MUCF and 4T-MUCF equipped with coils 2COIL, and are confined and moved by the magnetic field. [Figure 28] FIG. 1 in the upper left of FIG. 28 is an explanatory diagram of system 1 using a vacuum pump 4RFP that uses a deep eutectic solvent or the like as the working liquid. (An example in which a Sprengel pump type is used as pump embodiment 1) FIG. 2 in the upper right of FIG. 28 is an explanatory diagram of system 1. (An explanatory diagram of system 1 used as a food pump as pump embodiment 2. Here, the type of pump may be a pump that uses a working liquid such as a liquid ring pump or a rotary pump.) FIG. 3 in the lower left of FIG. 28 is a comparison diagram of a vacuum evacuation system including a low vacuum pump RP and a high vacuum pump FP with the vacuum pump 4RFP and system 1 of the present invention, and is an explanatory diagram of the combination. FIG. 4 in the lower right of FIG. 28 is an explanatory diagram of a general liquid ring pump and rotary pump. (For example, NADES and ionic liquid IL are used for the working liquid, liquid ring, liquid ring, and seal parts.) [Figure 29] FIG. 29 is an explanatory diagram of one of the coils of the annular vacuum vessel 4D. (Annular vacuum vessel: doughnut, annular vacuum chamber, plasma vessel 4D, 4D-T, 4D-ST, 4D-H. Coil 4C-EDL) [Diagram 30] FIG. 30 is an explanatory diagram of the annular vacuum vessel. (Means for rotating the annular vacuum vessel 4ROT may be provided.) [Diagram 31] Figure 31 is an explanatory diagram of a vacuum vessel using a motor and bearings as the rotating means 4ROT (4ROT is a motor / rocket motor). [Diagram 32] Figure 32 is an explanatory diagram of a vacuum vessel equipped with a thruster (thrust unit 4ROT-TH). [Diagram 33] Figure 33(A) is an explanatory diagram of rotating a cylindrical tubular vacuum vessel (4T, 4T-IN) in the circumferential direction and theta direction of the cylinder (an example of rotating a cylindrical tubular vacuum vessel used for a magnetic mirror type, a magnetic field inverted configuration type, etc.), and (B) is an explanatory diagram of the cylindrical vessels 4T and 4T-MUCF. [Diagram 34] Assumed example of muon nuclear fusion and nuclear transmutation. (A) Assumed example of muon nuclear fusion and nuclear transmutation of methane CD4, which is composed of carbon-12 and deuterium D. (B) Assumed example of muon nuclear fusion and nuclear transmutation of deuterated carbon, a polymer / resin made by combining deuterium and carbon-12. Specific example: Assumed example of muon nuclear fusion in a deuterium carbon molecule (C2D4)n. [Diagram 35] A schematic diagram of a hypothetical example of muon nuclear fusion of H and F atoms in polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) resin. (In some embodiments, the PVDF part may serve as both the target part T1 and the muon decelerator 2MUDECE.) [Diagram 36] An explanatory diagram of a hypothetical example of a muon fusion system. [Figure 37] FIG. [Figure 38] FIG. [Figure 39] FIG. [Diagram 40] FIG. [Diagram 41] An explanatory diagram of how a muon fusion system could be used to explode and eject propellant from a threatening meteorite (MTO) to change its orbit, attitude, and motion. [Diagram 42] An explanatory diagram of how the meteorite MTO will be split and pulverized by exploding it from inside using a muon fusion system using T1 loaded into a hole drilled inside the meteorite. [Diagram 43] An explanatory diagram of how to remotely explode an iron meteorite, which is difficult for radio waves to reach. [Diagram 44] FIG. [Diagram 45] An explanatory diagram of fuel T1 injection into an iron meteorite using a centrifugal gun and blast ball 3LOAD injection and excavation. [Diagram 46] An explanatory diagram of the centrifugal gun structure 2LPST. [Figure 47] FIG. [Figure 48] An explanatory diagram of the submarine 3SUBM. [Figure 49] An explanatory diagram of the system for obtaining CT images of celestial bodies, satellites, and meteorites. [Figure 50] An illustration of the muography system for obtaining muography CT images of the human body and objects. [Figure 51] An illustration of aircraft / spacecraft 3. [Figure 52] An explanatory diagram and conceptual drawing of the propulsion device. [Diagram 53] An illustration of one example of a rocket propulsion system. The top part of the figure is an example of a solid rocket. The bottom part is an example of a solid-type self-feeding rocket. [Figure 54] FIG. [Figure 55] An explanatory diagram of the muon generator. [Figure 56] FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of when laser recording is performed using an immersion exposure system that uses a liquid section NVLQ for immersion exposure. [Figure 57] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an example including a system for supplying liquid NVLQ when performing liquid immersion exposure. [Figure 58] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a recording apparatus including a maintenance unit 3 that may perform head maintenance and cleaning and replenishment of liquid NVLQ. [Figure 59] An explanatory diagram of contact exposure using liquid NVLQ in photolithography, etc. [Figure 60] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of immersion exposure using liquid NVLQ. [Figure 61] Illustration of 1NET. (1PS: An example of a container that may be easy to sterilize and be sanitary. 1NET-LSE. 1NET-LSE: 1NET with a surface, coating, or film LSEF that can reduce the surface free energy or surface tension of fluororesin, silicone resin, wax, or other materials.) [Figure 62]An explanatory diagram of the NET1 NET package. An IC or RFID chip may be mounted. [Figure 63] An illustration of how to obtain NET 1 NET packaging. IC and RFID chips may be installed. [Figure 64] An explanatory diagram of the process of using nets and 1NET. F100: 1NET and 1NET-LSE with net-like parts. 1NET-LSE: 1NET with a surface, coating, or membrane LSEF that can reduce the surface free energy and surface tension of fluororesin, silicone resin, wax, etc. F101: The process of opening the 1NET and removing the contents. F102: The process of washing the 1NET. F103: The process of washing the 1NET. The process of kneading and washing the 1NET (twisting and kneading process for 1NET that can be folded and twisted), or the process of washing the surface of the 1NET. F104: The process of drying the 1NET. [Explanation of symbols]

[0019] This application claims the benefit of priority to Japanese patent application No. 2024-065053, filed on April 14, 2024, the entirety of which is incorporated by reference. <Fig. 1, Fig. 3> 1F-SYS: An explanatory diagram of a muon catalyzed nuclear fusion system that utilizes a nuclear fusion reaction using boron and protons. M1: Means of muon generation, means of injecting and irradiating a nuclear fusion fuel target T1 with muons. Example: A system using a particle accelerator capable of generating muons. P1: Means of proton generation, means of injecting and irradiating a nuclear fusion fuel target T1 with protons. Example: A particle accelerator capable of accelerating protons and bombarding and irradiating a target. Elements of nuclear fusion fuel in a boron-proton nuclear fusion reaction system. N1: Means of neutron generation, means of injecting and irradiating a nuclear fusion fuel target T1 with neutrons. Example: A particle accelerator capable of accelerating neutrons and bombarding and irradiating a target. A1: Particle accelerator A1. T1: Target part containing nuclear fusion fuel. Nuclear fusion fuel T1, F1. B1: Part of T1 that uses boron. Boron target. Boron may be molten. L1: Part of T1 that uses lithium. Lithium target. Lithium may be molten liquid lithium. EX1: Product EX1 after nuclear fusion. In Figures 1 and 3, helium (He) alpha rays are produced after nuclear fusion. <Figure 5> 3: Transportation equipment 1R: 1F-SYS, which is a nuclear fusion reactor. A nuclear fusion reactor including 1F-SYS. A power generation unit that converts the energy of alpha rays into electrical energy may be provided. 1GENR: Power generation unit (a part that converts the energy obtained by the nuclear fusion system 1F-SYS or the nuclear transmutation system 1EXP-SYS into electrical power) *Although not specified in Figure 5, the electrical power derived from nuclear fusion generated by 1EXP-SYS, 1F-SYS, and 1R may be supplied to the muon generating unit M1 or the proton generating unit P1 and used to generate muons and protons. The electrical power may be used to drive the system of the present invention and each part of the system. 1TH: A propulsion device and thrust generating unit for nuclear fusion applications including 1F-SYS. Propulsion means. Moving means. (1TH may be a particle beam emitter such as alpha rays, gamma rays, photons, or particles if 3 is a spacecraft. If 3 is an aircraft, it may be a propellant ejection unit that takes in propellant or air using the power obtained in 1GENR, heats and compresses it, and ejects it behind 3, or it may be an electrically powered propeller unit. If 3 is a ship, it may be a part that can rotate a propeller or generate a water current using the power obtained in 1GENR. If 3 is a robot with an arm or a vehicle that moves on land, it may be a wheel, tire, motor, or robot motor or arm unit that can be driven by the power obtained in 1GENR.) 1TH-NZ: Nozzle unit of 1TH. A nozzle unit that emits alpha rays when the product EX1 after nuclear fusion is energetic helium or alpha rays. It may be a thrust deflector or nozzle. The alpha rays may be irradiated to the propellant, causing it to heat and be ejected. *Apart from 1TH-NZ, a propulsion device that propels by the reaction of emitting an ion thruster or photon laser may be operated using the power generated in 1R. <Fig. 6> System using diborane B2H6 BH1: A substance containing boron, B1 being boron hydride, diborane, or borane. T1 and F1 are diborane. Diborane target. Diborane and BH1 may be gas, liquid, or fluid (solid). (The configuration of Fig. 7 using a fluid is also possible.) The system of Fig. 6 uses diborane containing hydrogen and protons, so the proton introduction part P1 shown in Fig. 1 is not required. <Fig. 7> 1F-SYS-RAM: Nuclear fusion system. (An assumed diagram of a system using diborane of the present invention applied to a system in which a nuclear fusion fuel fluid having a known ramjet part circulates in a closed loop system.) RAM: Ram pressure generator part when compressing in a ramjet system. PBH1: Compressed BH1 part. Muon target part with compressed diborane fluid part. FP: Nuclear fusion reaction part, muon irradiation part. FEEDC: The part that removes helium from the diborane fluid circulating within the system, removes excess materials, and adds necessary materials, diborane as fuel. Feed control part. Fuel supply system, fuel control system. Helium (He) removal part, diborane fuel supply part, etc. HX: Heat exchanger ENEX: Although not shown in the diagram, a device part that generates electricity from alpha rays and nuclear fusion energy, a power generation part. It may be included within the system. PUMP: Compressor, pump. Pressurizes, compresses, and circulates the fluid within the system. Driven by a motor, etc. (Driven by electricity obtained from the power generation part) M1: Muon generation part, muon irradiation part. (Driven by electricity obtained from the power generation part) EX1: Helium generated after nuclear fusion (that needs to be removed). Symbols etc. <Figure 8> 1F-SYS-MP1, 1F-SYS-MP1-RAM: Nuclear fusion system using a mixture of muonic hydrogen atoms and fuel Muonic hydrogen atoms MP1: AMP1: Muonic hydrogen atom generating irradiation unit (particle accelerator A1, neutral particle beam irradiation device NBI, etc., which can generate MP1 and MP12 and inject / inject them.) S1: Route S1 (including a mixture of MP1 and boron hydride) MP1-XMB: A mixture of MP1 and boron hydride / diborane. Or a mixture of hydrogen and boron / (carbon / )nitrogen / oxygen / fluorine, etc. Or a part / mixture part containing a compound in which the raw atomic nuclei of the first atomic number ZA and the raw atomic nuclei of the second atomic number ZAA required for nuclear fusion are chemically bonded. PMP1-XMB: Mixture MP1-XMB compressed (and / or heated) by compression means such as RAM, or mixture MP1-XMB compressed (and / or heated) by compression means such as RAM. RAM: Compression means such as a RAM unit. Inertial confinement fusion is known in which a fuel pellet is irradiated and confined at the fusion site by laser irradiation (when the RAM section is of the laser confinement / inertial confinement type, the wavelength of the laser light may be a short wavelength on the blue, ultraviolet, X-ray or gamma ray side so that the momentum of the photons can be increased), and in this application, the target section / mixture may be compressed by a laser in the compression section RAM section. (A muon injection process may be added to the laser confinement type inertial confinement fusion.) The RAM section may irradiate lasers, ion beams, and ion beams containing raw material atoms from multiple launchers so as to converge on the part containing the raw material atoms (Figure 9). (It may also be an inertial type such as a Z-pinch or magnetized target type that can compress the raw material atoms and trap them by inertia.) In the RAM section, using a laser or ramjet mechanism, the raw material atoms that are the fuel needed for nuclear fusion, or the compound or mixture in which the raw material atoms are chemically bonded together, are compressed and heated by a laser or other device while being irradiated with muons. This increases the molecular and atomic motion within the compound molecules or of the compound or mixture, and as a result, the particles that are bonded to the muon are more likely to approach each other due to thermal motion, making it easier to cause nuclear fusion by approach, muon nuclear fusion, and muon catalyzed nuclear fusion. It is also intended that after nuclear fusion, the muons that act as catalysts are released and then brought into close proximity to the next raw material atoms and captured, and this is repeated, making it easier to cause the next catalytic reaction. (Even if liquid hydrogen, DT, DD, or TT cooled to extremely low temperatures are irradiated with muons, the temperature is low and there is a risk that the effect of bringing the raw material atoms closer together due to thermal motion will be low. However, if muons, muonic atoms, or muonic hydrogen are introduced into a part compressed and heated by a laser or ramjet section, etc., a proximity effect due to compression or thermal motion can be expected.) NZ: Nozzle section 1 PP: Steam turbine generator HX: Heat exchanger, steam generating section, steam pipe, cooling pipe 1 BKT: A section that receives flying particles that have energy due to nuclear fusion reactions such as neutrons and gamma rays and converts them into thermal energy, etc., and can be used as energy. A blanket 1 BKT may be present. When a RAM or reaction vessel section, a vessel section RAM for packing and ramming the FEED, or a wall of the reaction vessel are located near the section where the nuclear reaction occurs, a blanket 1 BKT may be placed in the RAM section or within the vessel wall. AEC: Alpha ray energy converter (a device that receives alpha rays and converts them into electricity. An AEC may use alpha rays from titanium oxide or other materials to generate radicals, which decompose water (like in a photocatalytic reaction) to obtain hydrogen and oxygen, and then provide or output energy to the outside of the system in the form of hydrogen or chemical energy. *AEC may be an alpha-voltaic cell. *The AEC part may receive the energy of alpha rays and generate photons of synchrotron radiation (of bremsstrahlung). The energy of the photons of this radiation may be used to cause chemical substances to undergo chemical or photochemical reactions. The photons may be irradiated onto the part to be heated to manufacture substances, or to heat or inject propellants or steam.The wavelength of the photons of the radiation light may be converted to long-wavelength photons using a means for converting the wavelength to a long-wavelength side, and the long-wavelength photons may be received by a photoelectric conversion element and photoelectrically converted to obtain electricity, which may then be outputted from the system, or if the long-wavelength photons have energy capable of undergoing a photocatalytic reaction with a photocatalyst, they may be converted into hydrogen energy by inducing a photocatalytic reaction that produces hydrogen and oxygen from water. If the long-wavelength photons have a wavelength capable of dissociating the bonds within carbon dioxide and nitrogen molecules and causing a photochemical reaction, the carbon dioxide may be dissociated and converted into energy for chemical substances such as carbon, carbon compounds, and nitrogen compounds, which may then be outputted from the system. <Fig. 9> PMP1-XMB: mixture MP1-XMB compressed (and / or heated) by compression means such as RAM, or mixture MP1-XMB compressed (and / or heated) by compression means such as RAM. RAM: compression means such as RAM section. Inertial confinement nuclear fusion is known in which a fusion site fuel pellet is irradiated and confined by laser irradiation (when the RAM section is of the laser confinement / inertial confinement type, the wavelength of the laser light may be a short wavelength on the blue / ultraviolet / X-ray / gamma ray side so that the momentum of the photons can be larger), but in this application, the target section / mixture may be compressed by a laser in the compression section RAM section. (A muon injection process may be added to the laser confinement type inertial confinement nuclear fusion.) The RAM section may irradiate a laser, an ion beam, or an ion beam containing raw material atoms from multiple emission sections so as to converge on the part containing the raw material atoms (Fig. 9). (Z-pinch or magnetized target types or other inertial types can be used to compress the raw material atoms, or to confine them by inertia.) In the RAM section, a laser or ramjet mechanism is used to compress and heat the raw material atoms that serve as the fuel for nuclear fusion, or the compound or mixture in which the raw material atoms are chemically bonded together, using a laser or other means, while irradiating them with muons. This increases the molecular and atomic motion within the compound molecules or the compound or mixture by compression and heating, and as a result, the particles that are bonded to the muon can approach each other more easily due to thermal motion, with the intention of making it easier to cause nuclear fusion by approach, muon nuclear fusion, and muon catalyzed nuclear fusion, as well as making it easier for the muons that act as catalysts after nuclear fusion to cause the next catalytic reaction (which is released, approaches the next raw material atoms, is captured, and repeated). (Even if liquid hydrogen, DT, DD, or TT cooled to an extremely low temperature of a few Kelvin is irradiated with muons, the temperature is low and there is a risk that the effect of bringing the raw material atoms closer together due to thermal motion will be small, but if muons, muonic atoms, or muonic hydrogen are introduced into a part compressed and heated by a laser or ramjet section, a proximity effect due to compression and thermal motion can be expected.) RAMH: Heating means. (May be included in the ram section. A means that can be irradiated remotely with electromagnetic waves or photons, such as lasers or microwaves, and can heat a substance. For example, in a system using water, hydrogen oxide, and muons, water can be heated by microwaves. Alternatively, the substance may be heated electromagnetically by induction.)For example, if a hydrocarbon is used as the source material and muons are used in the configurations of Figures 8 and 9 to induce nuclear fusion in carbon and hydrogen atoms that are chemically bonded and close to each other in the hydrocarbon, Figure 9 is more effective than Figure 8 in that the source material can be heated by a laser or the like, and the movement of atoms and particles in the source material becomes more active as the temperature increases due to the laser or other heating means, which may promote muon-catalyzed nuclear fusion. (Laser heating, or ion beam or neutral particle beam, NBI, ion beam or neutral particle beam containing source atoms, NBI, particle beam combining muons and ions and source atoms, millimeter waves, microwaves, and other heating means are also acceptable.)RAM and RAMH may be capable of laser irradiation or ion beam irradiation. Laser compression may also be possible. Laser heating may also be possible. PUMP: Compressor, pump, motorFEED: Source material (e.g. boron hydride, (hydrocarbon), hydrogen nitrogen, hydrogen oxide, etc.) (Lithium deuteride and other liquid or solid targets may also be acceptable. The source material for the nuclear fusion reaction.)FEEDC: Feed control unit. It may also include a feed / raw material supply section, a fuel supply section, and a section for removing products of nuclear fusion such as helium. FP: Nuclear fusion (promotion) section symbol, etc. <Figure 10>MU-MOVABLE-TGT: (muon) target part with movable part receiving particle beamMU-DISK-TGT: Muon target part, which may be disk-shaped, with part receiving particle beam rotatable and movableMU-WEDGE-DISK-TGT: Muon target part, which may be disk-shaped and movable, and where the part receiving beam is thin, the cross-sectional shape becomes thinner toward the outer periphery of the disk, and is wedge-shaped.MU-TGT-BRG: Support means such as bearings to support the part that moves when moving and rotating, AXIS-TGT-BRG: Rotation axis when moving and rotating2MU-GEN-ROT-TGT: Muon target part and means for moving the muon target, target unit part equipped with motor and bearings.2MU: Example of muon generation part M1. (May include target, accelerator, charge exchange beam injector, charge adjusting section, proton particle beam injector, proton particle beam accelerator section, muon capture solenoid, etc.) Muons at M1 may be bound to protons and atomic nuclei (neutral particle beam) to generate muonic atoms MP1. 2MU-ACC-RING: Circular accelerator, particle accelerator 2MU-FFAG: FFAG accelerator 2MU-MERIT-RING: MERIT ring accelerator (The target in the wedge-shaped section may be movable and inserted. A movable muon target that becomes thinner as it approaches the inserted tip may be inserted. The muon target section may be formed on the outer periphery of a rotatable disk or the tip of a chainsaw and made movable. A proton particle beam is irradiated to the inner circumference of the circle, and then circularly and spirally accelerated by the accelerator and ring, transitioning to high energy and high speed on the outer circumference, and then The particles may then be capable of slowing down while colliding with the movable muon target, recovering their energy, and colliding with the target again. (An accelerator in which particles may be slowed down by colliding with a target and move inward, and then accelerate again to move to the outer periphery and collide again; an accelerator in which particles are stored, accumulated, and re-accelerated within a ring.) 2MU-FFAG-CS · 2MU-ACC-RING-CS · 2MU-MERIT-RING-CS: A cross section of the accelerator taken between points CSP1 and CSP2, which is a cross section perpendicular to the toroidal direction when the accelerator is likened to a doughnut, and a cross section cut in the poloidal direction.A movable target (e.g. a thin disk-shaped muon target) inserted into the cross section CS of the circular accelerator and accelerated to high energy on the outer periphery of the MERIT ring can be inserted and moved in the direction of the periphery of the circle in the cross section of the accelerator. CS: Cross section CS between points CSP1 and CSP2 <Fig. 12> Replacement and exchange system for the rotating target for muon generation after proton irradiation activation Two movable muon targets that can be inserted, removed, and moved inside the accelerator, muon extraction ports, and muon capture solenoids are arranged, and one of the extraction ports is stopped, the muon target is removed from the accelerator, and replaced, and the muon target is replaced. 2MU-GEN-ROT-TGT: Movable muon target unit system that can be MOVED, INSERT, and EJECTed inside the accelerator. MUON CAPTURE TRANSPORT SOLENOID: Muon capture transport solenoid<Fig. 11>2TGT-EXCHANGE: A device that replaces a movable muon target equipped with a muon capture transport solenoid by a mechanical robot, target exchange unit 2TGT-EXCHANGE-ARM: Arm unit of exchange unit, robot arm 2TGT-EXCHANGE-AXIS: Rotating axis of exchange unit 2TGT-EXCHANGE-MOT: Motor of exchange unit *It can also be a device like the record exchange unit of a jukebox. TGT EXCANGE ROBOT / ARM: (JUKE BOX MACHINE LIKE)<Fig. 13> An example of a movable muon target, an example with a part that makes a chainsaw-like (or cableway-style, ropeway and lift-style) target movable. CHAIN-CATCHER: It is also the chain catcher part of a chainsaw, and the part that allows the muon target part MU-MOVABLE-TGT on the saw chain to be replaced by a machine such as a robot arm. Chain-Sow-and-TGT: The guide bar that guides the saw chain part of the chain saw to which the muon target TGT is attached. (In FIG. 13, the muon may be decelerated by the muon decelerator MUDECE.)<Diagram description><Figure 14>Explanatory diagram of a particle generation system characterized in that protons and helium are accelerated and circulated in the first accelerator 2MU-ACC-RING, hydrogen or helium is accelerated in a part that may be a particle accelerator in the second accelerator 2HE-ACC-RING, and collisions are made at the intersection 2CLP of the particle orbits of 2MU-ACC-RING and 2HE-ACC-RING to generate mesons and muons. Protons and protons, protons and helium, or helium and helium may also be collided. (An explanatory diagram of a particle generation system characterized by accelerating and circulating a proton beam in the first accelerator 2MU-ACC-RING, accelerating hydrogen or helium in a part that may be a particle accelerator in the second accelerator 2HE-ACC-RING, and colliding them at the intersection 2CLP of the particle orbits of 2MU-ACC-RING and 2HE-ACC-RING to generate mesons and muons. Protons and protons, or protons and helium, or helium and helium may also be collided.) <Figure 15> An explanatory diagram of a collision experiment system for meson generation with helium and protons as the target part, as one of the embodiments of the present application. (B) A collision experiment system for meson generation equipped with two paths 2HE-FFAG-1ST and 2HE-FFAG-2ND looped into it. *The two paths 2HE-FFAG-1ST and 2HE-FFAG-2ND may be FFAG or MERIT type accelerators or particle orbits within the accelerator. In the case of the MERIT method, even if the energy of helium and hydrogen atoms decreases after colliding in the path of two accelerators, the intention is to regenerate the energy in the accelerator again and accelerate it again to generate mesons (or some other particle, elementary particle, atomic nucleus) again. <Fig. 16> An explanatory diagram of an example (A) used for muon nuclear fusion and nuclear species transmutation, and an example (B) used for element transmutation and nuclear production of product atomic nuclei after nuclear transmutation, as one of the embodiments of the present application. <Fig. 17> An example of an embodiment of the present application including a process of decelerating cosmic muons SM1 or high-speed muons and irradiating and bonding them to atoms in a target section. (A) An example of decelerating high-speed cosmic muons using a dome-shaped decelerator array / decelerator 2MUDECE that covers the celestial sphere / sky, capturing them in a capture section 2CAP, and irradiating the decelerated muons to T1 to attempt nuclear transmutation. (B) An example of directly irradiating a laser onto a target T1 of source atoms / molecules to form an electric field 2LASER-EF / laser wakefield with a strength for decelerating cosmic muons, decelerating the cosmic muons using the electric field, bonding the decelerated muons to source atoms, and attempting muon nuclear fusion / muon nuclear transmutation.

[0020] <Explanation of symbols><Fig. 13>(A) Example of a movable muon target (including a negative muon deceleration section)MU-MOVABLE-TGT: Movable muon target2MUCAP: A device that captures and moves muons. Muon acceleration section, solenoid, etc.MUDECE-ELEMENT: A deceleration section / deceleration element arranged in a direction to decelerate a negative muon with speed (a deceleration section using a laser wakefield accelerator may also be used.)MUDECE(MDC): A deceleration device including MUDECE-ELEMENT. A muon deceleration device (an accelerator using a laser wakefield may also be used. Accelerator 2AC or accelerator A1 may also be used for deceleration)<Fig. 14>2MU: Muon generation device2MESON: Meson generation device2PARTICLE-COLLIDER: Particle collision device, meson / elementary particle generation device by particle collision2MU-ACC-RING: An accelerator that accelerates / circulates / moves protons / hydrogen (or helium) as an ion / beam. The first accelerator. 2MU-FFAG: 2MU-ACC-RING in FFAG format. 2MU-MERIT-RING: 2MU-ACC-RING in MERIT ring format. 2HE-ACC-RING: An accelerator that accelerates, circulates and moves helium (or protons, hydrogen) as an ion beam. And the accelerator orbit. The second accelerator. 2HE-FFAG: 2HE-ACC-RING in FFAG format. 2MU-FFAG-CS, 2MU-ACC-RING-CS, 2MU-MERIT-RING-CS: Cross-section of the first accelerator MU-MOVABLE-TGT: Movable target. The atoms in the muon target are movable. MU-P-HE-ORBIT-TGT: A muon target made of hydrogen or helium (an ion beam, orbit in the accelerator) that is movable. A target for producing mesons and elementary particles called muons, which are helium or hydrogen that are accelerated, circulated and moved through the accelerator. 2CLP: The intersection or collision point of the trajectories of accelerated particle ion beams. The part where helium and hydrogen, helium and helium, and hydrogen and hydrogen collide (2CCP). A place where mesons and elementary particles can be produced by collisions.*The first accelerator 2MU-ACC-RING 2HE-FFAG-1ST accelerates and circulates proton beams and particle beams (helium), and the second accelerator 2HE-ACC-RING 2HE-FFAG-2ND accelerates hydrogen or helium particle beams in a part which may be a particle accelerator, and collides them at the intersection 2CLP of the particle orbits of 2MU-ACC-RING and 2HE-ACC-RING (2HE-FFAG-1ST and 2HE-FFAG-2ND) in order to generate mesons and muons (elementary particles). <Figure 15>2AC: Acceleration cavity, acceleration means. *A laser wake field acceleration cavity may be used, and the laser may be a laser device, a particle accelerator, or a photon or laser of synchrotron radiation (synchronized light) using alpha rays. 2MGF: Magnet, ion beam, charged particle deflection means, focusing means. Bending magnets such as bending electromagnets, focusing magnets such as quadrupole electromagnets that focus and focus the beam so that it does not scatter. 2ISRC: Ion source He (or, H / p). Ion injection section. It may include a device for ionization or a device for accelerating and injecting ions. 2EXTEJ: Ion removal section. It may be an ion intake section or an ion extraction section. EX-ION: An ion removed by 2EXTEJ among the ions moving and circulating in 2HE-FFAG-2ND (accelerator orbit). A separation method based on the difference in mass of ions used in mass spectrometry may be used. Ions of different masses may be separated by utilizing the difference in mass relative to the charge of the ions due to the charge and magnetic field. 2HE-FFAG-1ST: First accelerator. FFAG type circular accelerator that accelerates and circulates helium. 2HE-FFAG-2ND: Second accelerator. FFAG type circular accelerator that accelerates and circulates helium. 2CLP: Part where two He particles and beams collide <Fig. 16> 2MU, 2MESON-GENERATOR, 2PARTICLE-COLLIDER: Muon generation means, meson generation means, particle collision means. MUON-CAPTURE-TRANSPORT-SOLENOID: Means to capture and transport muons from mesons such as pions and K-mesons. Solenoid that captures pions by magnetic field, moves pions, and transports muons while pions change to muons. MUDECE: Means to decelerate muons. Negative muon decelerator. Slow muon generation unit. MUDECE may be provided in the MUON-CAPTURE-TRANSPORT-SOLENOID part. Negative muon decelerators that combine a pulse power supply and a decelerator cell have been considered and are publicly known, and may be used. It is preferable to use a negative muon decelerator that can decelerate to a slower speed. The energy of the negative muons generated using the accelerator and meson production section is about 300 keV (= 8 MeV / c) or more, and it is preferable to be able to decelerate it to, for example, 30 keV or less.If the laser wakefield and the acceleration cavity / acceleration section using it can be arranged in the reverse / deceleration direction, they may be arranged and used to decelerate negative muons. 1F-SYS: Nuclear fusion system using muons 1EXP-SYS: Experimental system using muons, nuclear transmutation system (LLFP / MA nuclear transmutation system) FP: Nuclear fusion section, muon nuclear fusion section, part of the nuclear fusion section core. NCTP: Nuclear transmutation section, muon nuclear transmutation section, part of the nuclear transmutation core. Muonic-Atom-Generator: Part that generates muonic atom A (or B) by binding negative muons to atomic nucleus A (or B). MA1: Muonic atom A (or B). (Atoms A / B irradiated to the target) FUSIONED-T1-AB-X: Atom X. Atom X generated by nuclear fusion / transmutation of atomic nuclei A and B by muons. T1-AB: Muon target T1 part consisting of a compound / mixture of bound atomic nuclei A and B. Atom A and atom B may have different Z. They may have the same Z. For example, atom A and atom B may be the same carbon 12. T1-AB is a compound or mixture of atomic nuclei A and B. T1-AB may be a mixture of atoms A and B by colliding atom A with atom B, or A and B may be placed in close proximity. FUSIONED-T1-MA1B-X: Atom X. Atom X is generated by nuclear fusion or nuclear transformation of muonic atoms A and B by muons. Atom Y may be generated from atom X through a radioactive decay process. T1-B: Atom B (or A) target. T1-B is a movable T1 or T1-B with muon or muonic atom irradiation part. (T1-B may be a movable film surface or solid liquid surface of T1. Depending on the element, it may be a gas or plasma beam.) T1-B may be capable of removing the surface in the atom X removal process. (Just as the muon target MU-DISK-TGT, which may be a solid movable disk type in Figure 11, is polished with a grinding wheel MU-DISK-GRINDING-DEVICE, atom X may be produced from atoms A and B on target T1 by muon nuclear transmutation, and then atom X may be removed and collected with a grinding wheel or polishing / cutting means.) T1-IN: Atom supply process / means. Supply unit for atoms A and B. T1-OUT: Atom removal process / means. Removal unit for atom X. <Figure 17> (A) An example of decelerating high-speed cosmic muons in a dome-shaped decelerator array covering the celestial sphere and sky side as seen from T1 placed on the ground, and irradiating them to T1 to attempt nuclear transmutation. SM1: Cosmic muons (cosmic ray muons, cosmic ray muon particles) coming from the sky. High-speed cosmic muons SM1. Cosmic rays collide with the Earth's atmosphere (atmosphere), and the collisions between atmospheric molecules and spacecraft particles generate cosmic ray pions and mesons, which then generate cosmic ray muons. Cosmic ray pions can be generated at an altitude of about 20 km, and muons rain down at altitudes of 5 km or less. (The aircraft transportation device 3 with the system in Figure 17 (A) is at an altitude that can receive cosmic muons. The aircraft 3 can use the cosmic muons for nuclear transmutation. In addition, transportation devices 3 near the ground and at sea can also receive cosmic muons.) Cosmic rays: Particles flying around in space with high energy. MDC-LASER: The laser light source and laser generation section of the accelerator when the muon decelerator uses an accelerator using a laser wakefield as the decelerator. The light source may be an existing laser device. The light source may be synchrotron radiation. MDC: Decelerator. 2MUDECE: Decelerator. Muon decelerator (accelerator may be used for deceleration) (accelerator 2AC or A1 may be used for deceleration, which may be an accelerator using a laser wakefield) 2MUDECE-ARRAY: Array of 2MUDECE. Photons and lasers may be distributed to 2MUDECE. It may also include circuits such as electricity, power, signals, and lasers for driving 2MUDECE. 2MUCAP: MUON CAPTURE TRANSPORT Device, a device that captures and transports muons. Solenoid, etc. T1: Target, FEED. According to one embodiment, the system 1F-SYS / 1EXP-SYS may perform muon catalyzed nuclear fusion and nuclear transmutation in a configuration in which muons decelerated by a decelerator 2MUDECE are combined with nuclear fuel atoms and raw material atoms for muon catalyzed nuclear fusion, such as hydrogen H, deuterium D, tritium T, or lithium 6, to form muons. Also, the raw material atoms and fuel atoms for nuclear fusion and nuclear transmutation, such as hydrogen, boron, carbon, and nitrogen, described in the present application, may be used in the system 1F-SYS / 1EXP-SYS shown in FIG. 13(B) or (A). The configuration, system, and device for decelerating cosmic muons in FIG. 17 may be mounted on a transportation device 3.If muon nuclear transmutation can be performed using space muons, a large accelerator can be eliminated, and there is an advantage that the size of the transport device 3 can be made compact when it is mounted on the transport device 3 if a large accelerator for muon generation can be eliminated. In order to make the muon decelerator for space muons compact, accelerators 2AC and A1 that may use a laser wakefield may be used for deceleration. (A configuration in which electrons and negatively charged particles are accelerated to GeV level by a laser wakefield is known, and the present application assumes the deceleration of negative muons, which are particles of the same negative charge, as an application of this.) In addition, in order to mount a muon / meson generation unit or a high-speed muon deceleration unit compactly on the transport device 3, a meson generation device 2MU, 2MESON-GENERATOR, or 2PARTICLE-COLLIDER may be configured using accelerators 2AC and A1 that may use a laser wakefield. (B) An example of attempting muon fusion or muon transmutation of T1 by directly irradiating the target T1 (raw material atoms or molecules) with a laser to slow down the muons. 2LASER-PLASMA: The plasma part generated by the laser and T1 when turning T1 into plasma and forming the laser wakefield. 2LASER-EF: The electric field generated by the laser and T1, and the laser wakefield formed within T1. T1, FEED: The target atoms, raw material atoms, and fuel atoms to be transmuted or fused. 2LASER: Laser source. MDC-LASER: Laser used in a laser-based decelerator (In this diagram, the laser may be generated by external energy, or photons or gamma rays may be generated using the energy of alpha rays or gamma rays generated by nuclear fusion or transmutation and used to generate lasers. AEC is the part that converts alpha ray energy, and in this diagram, it is possible to extract the energy of photons by bremsstrahlung of alpha rays rather than electricity). <mudec1>A system for transmuting target atoms / source atoms, comprising a step of slowing down muons and characterized in that the muons can be bound to target atoms / source atoms to be transmuted. <mudec2>A nuclear transmutation system according to MUDEC1, which performs nuclear fusion or nuclear transmutation of target atoms and source atoms, characterized in that a laser is irradiated onto the target atoms and source atoms to generate an electric field or a laser wake field. <mudec3>A nuclear transmutation system according to MUDEC2, capable of decelerating muons in said electric field or laser wakefield. <mudec4>A nuclear transmutation system described in MUDEC2, characterized in that it is capable of irradiating a laser onto a target atom or raw material atom to be transmuted, generating an electric field or a laser wake field, decelerating cosmic muons, cosmic ray muons, or muons generated by cosmic rays traveling from space to the ground, and binding the decelerated muons to the target atom or raw material atom to be transmuted. <dlal1>A system for nuclear transmutation of target atoms / source atoms, comprising a step or means for decelerating muons, and characterized in that the muons can be bound to target atoms / source atoms to be transmuted. <dlal2>A nuclear transmutation system as described in DLAL1 in which muons can be decelerated by an electric field or a laser wakefield or an accelerator. <dlal3>A nuclear transmutation system as described in DLAL1, which performs nuclear fusion or nuclear transmutation of target atoms and source atoms, characterized in that a laser is irradiated onto the target atoms and source atoms to generate an electric field or a laser wake field. <dlal4>The nuclear transmutation system described in DLAL1 has the characteristic of being capable of irradiating a laser onto a target atom or source atom to be transmuted, generating an electric field or a laser wake field, decelerating cosmic muons or muons originating from cosmic rays traveling from space to the ground, and binding the decelerated muons to the target atom or source atom to be transmuted. <dlal5>A nuclear transmutation system using muons, characterized in that the atomic number Z or effective nuclear charge (of the 1S orbital) of atom A, which is a raw material for nuclear transmutation, is greater than the atomic number Z or effective nuclear charge (of the 1S orbital) of atom X, which is generated after the nuclear transmutation of the atom. <dlal6>A nuclear transmutation system described in DLAL2, characterized by the injection and irradiation of muons into target atoms containing carbon and carbon-12. <dlal7>A nuclear transmutation system described in DLAL2 that has the feature of injecting and irradiating muons into target atoms containing nitrogen and nitrogen-15. <dlal8>A nuclear transmutation system described in DLAL2, characterized in that muons are injected and irradiated onto a target atom containing boron. <dlal9>A power generation system that uses the energy generated by the nuclear transmutation system described in DLAL5. <dlal10>A nuclear transmutation system as described in DLAL1, in which hydrogen or helium is accelerated and circulated in a first accelerator (2MU-ACC-RING), hydrogen or helium is accelerated and circulated in a second accelerator (2HE-ACC-RING), and muons are generated using a particle generation system having the characteristic of colliding hydrogen or helium to generate mesons at the intersection 2CLP of the particle orbits of the first accelerator and the second accelerator, and used for the nuclear transmutation. <dlal11>A nuclear transmutation system according to DLAL1 (or DLAL2) having the characteristic of transmuting fission products. <dlal12>A nuclear transmutation system according to 1·DLAL10 for transmuting fission products, characterized in that a beam of muons is directed towards a section of a building having the fission products. <Brief description of the drawings><Explanation of symbols><Figure 18>*A configuration in which muon deceleration is combined with muon deceleration by a laser wakefield using a laser pulse for a laser inertial confinement fusion reactor (a system in which the target part of a pulsed laser inertial confinement fusion reactor is used as a small atomic nucleus of Z such as B, C, or N)*MDC-LASER (MDCL) laser source, pulsed laser source*Publicly known laser source for laser wakefield accelerator (A)1F-SYS: Nuclear fusion system. 1EXP-SYS: Nuclear transmutation system. MDCL: Laser irradiation part T1 for target part T1·FEED: Target part T1, raw material atoms. (In the case of Figure 18, it may also serve as gas, molecules, and atoms that are the source of plasma for forming the laser wakefield)2MUDECE: Muon decelerator, particle decelerator (B)2LASER-EF: Laser wakefield formed by laserLWF·electric field2LASER-EF formation. Electric field that decelerates muons. 2LASER-PLASMA: Plasma generated by irradiating T1 with a laser. It may contain T1, and muons may bind to T1, which is also plasma, after being slowed down. SM1: cosmic muon, cosmic muon sourceM1: muon, muon sourceM1F: high-speed muonM1L: slowed down muon(C) An explanatory diagram of how muons are slowed down (captured) and irradiated and bound to T1 by an array of decelerators using a laser wake field over a wide area. M1, SM1, M1F: high-speed muon source (when SM1 is used, it covers an area equivalent to 1,000 palms)2MUDECE-ARRAY: array of decelerators. M1L: slowed down muon. T1: target (when the target T1 part of a pulsed laser inertial confinement fusion reactor is the T1 part that muons can reach, an electric field is formed by a pulsed laser to slow down muons, and if the muons are slowed down by the electric field, muon nuclear fusion between T1 part atoms may also occur as a result of binding of the muons to T1 part atoms) <Figure 19> (A) 2MDCE-2DFD: A surface element (large area array is also possible) that forms an electric field as one form of 2MUDECE. This part may be capable of forming an electric field or a magnetic field. 2MUDECE: Decelerator. Muon decelerator PWSP: Power supply section. Applies voltage / potential difference to 2MDCE-2DFD. Or means of applying an electric field. (Power supply when forming an electric field or magnetic field) (Power supply for causing temperature even when forming an electric field by temperature change as in the case of pyroelectric bodies. Source of temperature change) 2MUCAP: Muon capture section. LM1Z: Section where muons are attenuated / removed. Muons are attenuated in 2MUDECE and muons are captured, removed and collected in 2MUCAP, a place where cosmic rays / muons do not reach or are difficult to reach. (LM1Z may be formed from a muon decelerator and a trap, or it may be a section deep within the earth that naturally contains high Z atoms) T1: Target T1-2COILB: The location where a magnetic field is applied to T1 using a coil. 2COIL: A means for applying a magnetic field B to the target section T1 and muons. Coil. T1-2BMU: T1-2BMU: A muon that rotates (cyclotronically moves) around a magnetic field B and the part of T1 where it comes into contact (in order to increase the reaction area between the muon and T1, the muon is stirred without rotating by applying a magnetic field B to the muon) (B) 2FDELE-PYR: Pyroelectric device (an element used to slow down the muon by changing the temperature of the pyroelectric to generate an electric field in the pyroelectric. In one embodiment, it may be one form of a capacitor element sandwiched between a pyroelectric and a dielectric by electrodes. The 2FDELE-PYR may be an element that can be arranged in a planar or large area.) VOLT-C: GND / voltage control unit T1: Target. FEED. (It may be the electrode part 2ER of the target T1 controlled by VOLT-C.) 2PYR-EF: Electric field caused by the pyroelectric. The muon may be slowed down in this part. 2PYR: Pyroelectric. *2PYR may also be the target T1 of the muon. P: Polarization. 2PYR-PEF: Electric field inside the pyroelectric body. Muons may be decelerated in this section. 2ER: Electrode section TEMP-C: Temperature change means, heater / cooler section -Z surface: Thickness / height of pyroelectric body in the z direction, target direction, upward direction in the drawing. +Z surface: Z in the heater side direction / downward direction in the drawing.<Figure 20> 2MUDECE: Muon decelerator constructed using a capacitor element in this figure (A) Insulator A voltage is applied to the capacitor to form an electric field in the insulator (made of low Z atoms that are difficult to trap muons) 2ER: Electrode (examples) Electrode made of low Z atoms. Carbon electrode, lithium metal electrode 2LZI: Insulator (examples) Insulator made of low Z atoms. Carbon insulator, diamond, hydrocarbon solvent, etc. 2ER and 2LZI may be made of low Z atoms that are difficult to trap muons. In addition, 2ER and 2LZI can also be the target T1 part that bonds with the decelerated muon when it becomes a capacitor element and forms an electric field to decelerate the muon, so 2ER and 2LZI may contain raw material atoms that can cause muon nuclear transmutation and muon nuclear fusion, such as carbon-12, nitrogen-15, and hydrogen. (For example, 2LZI is an insulator containing carbon-12, and 2ER is a carbon-based electrode made of carbon-12 containing metallic lithium as a collector, mesh electrode, bus bar, or busbar) *2ER may be connected to other circuits. For example, 2ER may be drawn out from the deceleration section and connected to copper or aluminum wires, circuits, or bus bars (away from the deceleration function section) so as not to interfere with muon deceleration or use. 2FDELE: An element that forms an electric field, a capacitor element formed by sandwiching 2LZI between 2ER. *When multiple capacitor elements are used, the elements may be connected in series in terms of an electrical circuit. *Explanatory diagram of capacitor elements arranged over a large area to decelerate cosmic muons. The element is a capacitor-type sheet device, and the configuration is expected to become a solar cell-like planar element. 2FDELE-LAM: A stack of 2FDELE elements. (2FDELEs are electrically connected in series in the height direction and stacking direction) PWSP: Power supply unit. A power supply unit that applies a potential difference / voltage to the capacitor element 2FDELE or 2FDELE-LAM to form an electric field within the capacitor element. (B1) An electric field is formed by applying a voltage to the electric double layer capacitor EDLC (composed of low Z atoms that do not easily trap muons) 2ER: Electrode 2FDELE-EDL-MPI: Part including the electric double layer part. A part that forms an electric double layer at the interface of the porous membrane, and makes the electric double layer part an insulator / dielectric (part equivalent to this). Porous electrode. PWSP: Power supply unit. Pulse power supply unit. 2ER and 2FDELE-EDL-MP may be made of low Z atoms that do not easily trap muons.In addition, 2ER and 2FDELE-EDL-MP can be capacitor elements and can also be the target T1 part that bonds with the muon decelerated when an electric field is formed to decelerate the muon, so 2ER and 2FDELE-EDL-MP may contain raw material atoms that can cause muon nuclear transmutation or muon nuclear fusion, such as carbon-12 or nitrogen-15 and hydrogen. 2FDELE-EDL: Element that forms an electric field, capacitor element / electric double layer capacitor element formed by sandwiching 2FDELE-EDL-MPI between 2ER. 2FDELE-EDL-LAM: Stack of 2FDELE-EDL elements (2FDELE-EDLs are electrically connected in series in the height direction and stacking direction). (B2) Enlarged view of EDLC part 2ER-MPI: Porous membrane, porous electrode (EG: porous carbon electrode), porous electrode of electric double layer capacitor. 2EDL: Electric double layer formed in electrode part 2ER-MPI-MICRO: Enlarged part of 2ER-MPI, porous electrode part. 2ELYT: Electrolyte (contains electrolyte). <Figure 21>Explanatory diagram of spacecraft and space structures that generate muons from cosmic rays, slow them down, and use them for nuclear transmutation and energy to drive transportation equipment. 3: Transportation equipment 3, energy supply target 3 (including aircraft, spacecraft, space structures, artificial satellites, space stations, space habitats, lunar bases, lunar far-side bases, and structures in places where sunlight does not reach) COSRAY1: Cosmic rays 2MU-COSRAY: Part that receives cosmic rays and generates mesons, pions, and muons. Muon generation source. SMR1. It may be an array-shaped 2MU-COSRAY, or it may be configured so that muons can be input into 2MUDECE. SM1: Cosmic muons. Muons generated by cosmic rays. A1: Particle accelerator. Particle generator / irradiator M1: Muon system, P1: Proton system. MA1: Muonic atom generation section. Artificial muons (muonic atoms) may be made into muonic atoms and slowed down. M1F: Fast muons (SM1 or fast M1)2MUDECE: *MUDECE muon decelerator, may be decelerator array 2MUDECE-ARRAY. (2MUDECE may include 2MUCAP, a part that captures and moves muons.)M1L: Decelerated muonsT1-HARVESTER: Means for harvesting T1 from other planets, moons, and celestial bodies, source of T1. Means for collecting fuel from outside (asteroids, natural celestial bodies)FEEDC1: Fuel F1 (FEED), supply part for target T1. *T1 / F1 containment vessel / fuel storage part, automatic target exchange device, T1 / fusion / transmutation fuel supply system. 1R: Transmutation / fusion reactor. 1F-SYS: Fusion system. 1EXP-SYS: Transmutation system. T1, F1: Target part for atoms to be transmuted. Feed part. Transmutation fuel part. Transmutation reaction part / core part. In the T1 section, muons and T1 are combined to promote muon nuclear transmutation. HE1: The product generated when nuclear transmutation occurs in T1. An example is high-energy helium alpha rays. AEC: Alpha ray energy conversion section. This is the part that converts the energy of alpha rays into other energy. The AEC may be a traveling-wave direct energy converter (TWDEC). The AEC may be a direct energy converter that converts the kinetic energy of the generated particles into electrical energy.Example: A part that bends the direction of alpha rays with high energy (high kinetic energy) (by bending means, magnetic field of coil 2COIL, etc.) to generate synchrotron radiation light and bremsstrahlung, and converts them into synchrotron radiation light, gamma rays, and photons (light energy). (*Alpha rays can be stopped even by thin paper. Therefore, alpha rays can be stopped by a part that stops them, such as paper or a sheet, to generate bremsstrahlung. Alpha rays can be stopped by a sheet part made of low-Z atoms to generate photons. When alpha rays are stopped, gamma rays are generated, which is not easily activated (low-Z atoms), so that it is not necessary to activate the reactor.)*By mutually adopting alpha rays and material atoms, atoms can be excited by the excitation effect of alpha ray collisions, or electrons of atoms can be ejected by ionization to ionize the atoms. The phenomenon of alpha rays being scattered by atoms can also be caused. *When the photon energy is 1.022 MeV or more due to the interaction between gamma rays and matter, electron pair production (positron and electron pairs can be generated) may occur, so electron pair production and positron production may be possible in the AEC section. The photoelectric effect may be used in the AEC section to convert energy and generate high-speed electrons (photoelectrons). Compton effect may be generated, and gamma rays may collide with electrons in the matter, scattering the electrons and generating Compton electrons. *We want to avoid the nuclei of the materials that make up the AEC section and reaction path 1R being converted into radioactive elements by photonuclear reactions, but since high-Z nuclei can emit neutrons in photonuclear reactions and have many paths to become radioactive nuclei, it may be possible to refrain from using them and use low-Z nuclei instead. (However, since high-Z atoms have a higher ability to absorb and shield gamma rays, this does not mean that we are limited to not using high-Z atoms.) *When nuclear transformation occurs at T1 and alpha rays are generated, the direction of the alpha rays may be bent in the magnetic field of coil 2COIL to promote the generation of synchrotron radiation, gamma rays, and photons. 1PRPLT: Propellant. The propellant ejected behind 3 during accelerated propulsion. Photons, alpha rays, etc. Also, the propellant used during electric propulsion or rocket propulsion. (When propelling through the atmosphere, 1TH is the atmosphere or air ejected by the jet thruster or propeller motor.) 1TH: Propulsion means. (Thrusters that emit alpha rays, thrusters that eject photons, electric thrusters, etc.Propeller motor, jet engine, etc.) 1TH-NZ: Nozzle (1TH and 1TH-ZL may be able to change the direction of propellant ejection. For example, when 3 accelerates, propellant is ejected rearward of 3, and when 3 decelerates, it is ejected in front of 3) 1GENR: Power generation unit. The part that generates electricity using the energy of helium in HE1. 3SYS: System of 3 (may include the power electrical system, control system, and control unit of 3). May receive power from 1GENR. May supply power from 3SYS to devices and locations belonging to 3. <Figure 6> Figure 6 shows the assumed diagram of the nuclear fusion reaction system (A) using diborane (B) and the nuclear transmutation system using carbon (C) or nitrogen (D). M1: Muon generation input / introduction means (negative muon at appropriate speed) (A) irradiates diborane consisting of hydrogen and boron-11 with negative muons, muon-fusion of boron-11 and hydrogen in diborane, and nuclear transmutation into excited carbon-12 nuclei (12C*), after which carbon-12 is converted into three helium atoms. (C1) of (C) shows the process in which muons bond with carbon-12 in carbon materials such as graphite and diamond consisting of carbon-12 to generate excited carbon-12 nuclei (12C*), which are then converted into three helium atoms. In (D), azan-hydrazine containing nitrogen-15 and hydrogen is irradiated with a negative muon, and the nitrogen-15 and hydrogen in the azan undergo muonic nuclear fusion, transmuting them into a carbon nucleus (12C*) and one alpha particle. (The remaining carbon-12C* is then converted into three helium atoms through nuclear transmutation of carbon and muons.) (C2) and (C3) are hypothetical diagrams of muon irradiation within an alkane molecule, and although it has not been confirmed how the reaction actually occurs, carbon-12 and hydrogen within the alkane can undergo muonic nuclear fusion. When a muon binds to a carbon-12 atom, it can be transmuted into three helium atoms. The effective nuclear charge, Z, of a hydrogen atom is greater than that of a carbon atom. <Atom production by nuclear spallation> One may attempt to convert atomic nuclei such as carbon C and oxygen O into other atomic nuclei by irradiating them with positive muons and muons. One may also irradiate a certain atomic nucleus A with accelerated high-energy positive muons and collide the atomic nucleus A with the positive muon to carry out a nuclear spallation reaction and produce the product atomic nucleus X. When protons accelerated to high energies of 100 MeV or more using an accelerator are irradiated onto a target atom (mercury, lead-bismuth, lead, tungsten, tantalum, uranium, carbon, etc.), the high-energy protons collide with the nuclei in the target, and the energy of the collision breaks the nuclei into pieces. The reaction in which secondary particles such as neutrons and mesons are released from the nuclei is called a nuclear spallation reaction. In one embodiment of the present application, positive muons, instead of protons, may be accelerated, irradiated, and collided with a spallation target such as bismuth, lead, or mercury to cause a spallation reaction of atomic nucleus A and convert it into atomic nucleus X. *Compared to spallation by proton collisions, when spallation occurs by positive muon collisions, it is expected that a nuclear fusion reaction (a reaction in which a proton for collision is added to or left behind in an atomic nucleus) due to a proton colliding with an atomic nucleus will not occur. When the protons and neutrons of atomic nucleus A collided by a positive muon are spalled and scattered by the collision and emitted, even if a positive muon is added or left behind in said atomic nucleus A, the positive muon will only decay into a positron and a neutrino afterwards (the positron or lepton is left behind in the atomic nucleus A, and the positron then combines with the electron of the atom and annihilates by emitting a photon), and there is a characteristic and advantage that no proton or neutron remains in the atomic nucleus A. <Muon decelerator, muon attenuation section> ○Cosmic muons can be decelerated and irradiated on hydrogen molecules and hydrogen to use them for muon-catalyzed nuclear fusion between hydrogen atoms. (Plasma containing hydrogen, D, and T can be confined in a magnetic field and irradiated with muons to promote magnetic confinement nuclear fusion.) If cosmic rays or cosmic muons can be used, even if the problem of helium being produced between hydrogen atoms and the reaction stops, no energy is required to generate muons, and if the energy balance of decelerating muons and irradiating them on hydrogen fuel to cause nuclear fusion is sufficient, they may be used for cosmic muon-catalyzed nuclear fusion power generation.

[0021] This application claims the benefit of priority to Japanese patent application No. 2024-082974, filed on May 26, 2024, the entirety of which is incorporated by reference. Figure 22 shows an explanatory diagram of a hypothetical nuclear transmutation and fusion system that uses muons, taking into account the muon nuclear capture reaction. In this application, it is assumed that a carbon material made of carbon-12 is irradiated with muons to obtain excited carbon-12 nuclei, which are then converted into helium, and this is illustrated in Figure 22. (A) A muon binds to carbon-12 in the carbon material, causing a muon nucleus capture reaction and changing into boron-12 nuclei (12B*) with excitation energy of 10-20 MeV, after which excitation energy transfer occurs from 12B* to the neighboring carbon-12 nuclei, generating excited carbon-12 (12C*), which is then converted into helium, and the excitation energy transfer to the neighboring carbon-12 is repeated, resulting in the carbon-12 nuclei in the carbon-12 carbon material being converted into helium using muons. A muon may bind to carbon-12 and undergo a nuclear capture reaction to generate an excited boron-12 nucleus, which may then be converted to helium while transmitting the excitation energy to adjacent carbon-12 atoms. Therefore, a nuclear transmutation system 1EXP-SYS may be constructed that irradiates and introduces muons into a carbon material containing carbon-12 to convert it to helium. (B1) An explanatory diagram of a case in which a muon is bound to an azan containing nitrogen-15, which undergoes a muon nuclear capture reaction to convert it to carbon-15, and then nitrogen-15 is generated after the half-life of carbon-15 has elapsed. (B2) An explanatory diagram of muon nuclear fusion of nitrogen-15. (In B1, nitrogen-15 can be converted to carbon-15, but the effective nuclear charge, Z, of carbon-15 is lower than that of nitrogen-15, and it is assumed that the nuclear fusion reaction will continue.) Note: In paragraph number 0076 of this specification, in the sections entitled "Use of carbon", "Perspective of irradiating carbon-12 with muons", and "Perspective of adjacent carbon atoms and excited carbon atoms", it is described that the carbon-12 nucleus and muon combine to excite the carbon-12 atom, and the excitation energy is transferred to the adjacent carbon-12 atom by excitation energy transfer, converting carbon-12 to helium (Figure 22). In (C1) of Figure 6, it is described that the excited carbon-12 state, the excitation energy, is transferred to the adjacent carbon-12, and Figure 22 is provided as a specific example. Although FIG. 6 does not show that a muon bonds with carbon-12 to become boron-12, FIG. 6 shows that at least a carbon-12 atom is excited by a muon, and then the excitation energy is transferred to the neighboring carbon-12 atom, exciting the neighboring carbon-12 atom and converting it into a helium atom. FIG. 22 shows an example of the mechanism described in FIG. 6 in (A). In the case of muon nuclear fusion between nitrogen, boron, and hydrogen, taking into consideration the muon nuclear capture reaction as in FIG. 22, as one embodiment and assumed example of the present application, FIG. 23 shows an assumed diagram of muon nuclear fusion and muon nuclear transmutation in a system in ammonia containing nitrogen-15, and FIG. 24 shows an assumed diagram of muon nuclear fusion and muon nuclear transmutation in a system containing boron hydride and boron hydride anion (LiBH4) containing boron-11. (<Figure 25> Explanation of the communication system using neutrinos 1NUT-COM Explanation of symbols, 1NUT-COM: Neutrino communication system 1NUT-TX: Neutrino transmitter. TX part of 1NUT-COM. 1NUT-High: High energy neutrinos 1NUT-Low: Low energy neutrinos 2MUDECE: Decelerator 2MUCAP: Muon capture part 2MUTRAP: Muon trap part. Cosmic ray trap and removal part. LM1Z: Muon attenuation and removal section. (Memory equipment that is destroyed by the intrusion of cosmic rays and muons in the structure 3 or transportation equipment 3 A computer, memory device, and processing device may be placed in LM1Z in the transportation equipment 3LM1Z with the intention of avoiding interference with, malfunctioning, or destruction of the computer control unit such as the transportation equipment or processing device. Also, a communication device, input device, output device, sensor, detector, radio wave detector, particle detector, and neutrino detector may be placed in LM1Z of 3 to avoid malfunction, shutdown, or destruction of the communication device and detection device of 3 due to the influence of cosmic rays or muons. )1COMPUTER: computer, calculator, electronic calculator, quantum computer 1MEMORY: memory device 1PR OCESSOR: Processing device 1 NETWORK: Communication network 1 NUT-RX: Neutrino receiver. RX part of 1 NUT-COM. 2 PMT-HIE: High energy particle, high energy neutrino detector 2 PMT-LOWE: Low energy particle, low energy neutrino detector 2 SENSE: Sensor. Sensor for particle detection 2 PMT-CNT: Signal counter, signal detector 2 PMT-CON: PMT controller 2 NUT-CON: Controller. Detector controller 1 NUT: Neutrino, neutrino 1 NUT-BEAM: Neutrino beam 1 NUT- TX: Neutrino transmitter, which may be a beam 1NUT-RX: Neutrino receiver 2MU-BY-NUT: Part that converts neutrinos into muons. 2MU: Muon generator 1MU-TX: Muon transmitter 1MU-RX: Muon receiver. 2MUDECE: Muon decelerator 2PMT: Photomultiplier tube. 2SENSE: Sensor. Sensor for particle detection. T1: Target for muons or particles. Target part that causes particles to collide or bond with each other. (It may be possible to perform nuclear transmutation of atoms using muons. It may be possible to detect the energy generated by nuclear transmutation or particle decay with 2SENSE.)<Figure 26> Symbol explanation, 3NTX-LEMT: Space structure equipped with a neutrino transmitter 3NTX (neutrinos of different masses may be transmitted.) 2MS-NUT-GRAV or 3NRX may transmit neutrinos of mass, energy, and type (or a group of multiple types of neutrinos) that are favorable for communication, taking into account the effects of neutrino oscillation and gravity and gravitational force. 3NRX may measure the mass and energy of neutrinos transmitted from 3NTX while they are changing due to oscillation and are also subjected to the gravity of 2MS-NUT-GRAV. (Neutrinos that are subjected to gravity and gravitational force and are vibrating may be measured by 3NRX.) Neutrinos emitted from 3NTX may be a neutrino beam 1NUT-BEAM. Leptons and mutrinos may be emitted from 3NTX. 1NUT-EMT-MIX: Neutrino group and orbital section that may contain neutrinos of different masses, several types, and three types. 1NUT-BEAM: 1NUT of beam. 1NUT-LEPTON: 1NUT of lepton. 2MS-NUT-GRAV: Part that separates neutrinos of different masses due to gravity and gravitational force (force). 1NUTE-ORBIT·1NUTM-ORBIT·1NUTT-ORBIT: Orbits of 1NUT of electron (1NUTE), muon (1NUTM) and tau (1NUTT) neutrinos whose orbits have changed due to gravity and gravitational force (force) in 2MS-NUT-GRAV. 3NRX-ELEN / -MUN / -TAUN: Space structure with neutrino detector 3 (-ELEN: Subscripts representing electron, -MUN: muon, -TAUN: tau neutrinos.)*The greater the distance from the 2MS-NUT-GRAV, the greater the variation in orbit and distance dEM·dET that may occur when neutrinos change orbit and are separated in the 2MS-NUT-GRAV (the distance difference dEM of the muon neutrino's orbit 1NUTM-ORBIT relative to the electron neutrino's orbit 1NUTE-ORBIT·the difference dET of the tau neutrino's orbit 1NUTT-ORBIT), and in order to make the difference larger using the vastness of space, a detector may be equipped on a transportation device 3 that can move through space to make a neutrino observation spacecraft, satellite, or structure 3NRX, which can increase the distance difference and detect electron, muon, and tau neutrinos (by making the difference in position distances large). )3NRX may be equipped with a part LM1Z that attenuates cosmic rays and muons and a particle decelerator in order to detect neutrinos, and a sensor or detector may be placed within LM1Z of 3NRX to attempt neutrino detection. ). <Figure 27> 4D-MUCF: Torus-shaped or annular vessel (may be a plasma vessel or vacuum vessel, or a solid, liquid, or gas vessel or pressure vessel). Doughnut-shaped vessel is also acceptable. 4T-MUCF: Tube-shaped or cylindrical vessel (may be a plasma vessel or vacuum vessel, or a solid, liquid, or gas vessel or pressure vessel). Cylinder-shaped vessel, box-shaped vessel, or cylindrical vessel is also acceptable. 1F-SYS: Nuclear fusion system, 1EXP-SYS: Nuclear transmutation system, 1R: Nuclear fusion reactor, nuclear transmutation reactor, reactor *In Figure 27, the equipment necessary for the nuclear fusion reactor of ITER may be attached. For the muon nuclear fusion reactor, the equipment necessary for the nuclear fusion reactor, such as the T1·FEED supply system, power generation unit, heat exchanger, AEC, and fusion product / helium removal unit as shown in Figures 10 to 7 and 21, may be attached to the vessel 4D-MUCF or 4T-MUCF. (A) A top view of the annular vessel. T1·FEED: Target of raw material atoms to be transmuted, transmutation raw material. M1: Muon, muon source, muon generation section, irradiation section, input section to T1 MA1: Muonic atoms, muonic atom generation section, irradiation section, input section to T1 (4P-DEVICE: Device to input raw material to 4D·vessel·FEED section, which is plasma, fuel supply section, equipment to support the fusion reactor 1R) (4D-DEVICE: Device to input raw material to 4D·vessel·FEED section, which is liquid gas, etc., to T1·FEED, fuel supply section, equipment to support the fusion reactor 1R) 4D -IGNIS: Ignition device (part that heats the FEED in a thermonuclear fusion reactor such as a CS coil and leads to the initial nuclear fusion, or a muon irradiation part that leads to the initial muon nuclear fusion in muon nuclear fusion. A device for starting nuclear fusion, an ignition part. *In the case of muon nuclear fusion, the muon irradiation part, or the part that inertially confines or magnetically confines the FEED during muon irradiation and heats it. It can also be a neutral particle injector or a FEED heating part using RF or photons) 4P-2MU: Muon irradiation part for plasma. It can also be a part for feeding muonic atoms or particles that have been bound to muons to make them charge neutral, or a neutral particle injector. (It can also include a muon decelerator) 4D-2MU: Muon irradiation part for liquid, gas, or solid T1 FEED. It can also be a part for feeding muons or muonic atoms or particles, or a neutral particle injector. (It can also include a muon decelerator) LM14D: M1 introduction part, connection part to the container 4D-MUCF: Container. 4D-MUCF-ROT: Rotatable container.4D-IN: Vessel wall, vessel wall surface. The part facing the FEED, T1, and fusion section inside the vessel. 4AXS: The axis of rotation of the vessel in the toroidal direction. In the case of the vessel 4D-MUCF-ROT that rotates in the toroidal direction, it is the central axis when rotating in the toroidal direction. 2COIL: Coil for forming the magnetic vessel. It may be a stellarator type or a helical type. A coil that forms a magnetic field in the toroidal direction. (It may include a tokamak type coil, a TF coil, and broadly speaking, a magnetic field generating means that confines charged particles such as muons and plasma in the vessel) Stellarator and helical coil 2COIL-STR, tokamak type coil 2COIL-TOK, TF coil, CS coil, PF coil, etc. coil) FEED-MF: FEED T1 inside the magnetic vessel T1-2BMU: Magnetic field, magnetic field passing through the target T1. 4MFC-ORBIT: Magnetic vessel, magnetic vessel formed in the toroidal direction centered on 4AXS, orbit of the magnetic vessel. 4MU-ORBIT: A state where muons are held and rotated in a magnetic vessel, or a magnetic vessel holding muons, muons held in a magnetic vessel. *4D-MUCF may rotate muons, charged particles, and plasma around 4AXIS in a magnetic vessel using 4MFC-ORBIT, T1-2BMU, and 4MU-ORBIT, or confine muons in the relevant part. (cf: Also, as shown in Figures 10 to 15, a muon target section and particle target section may be inserted to form a section 2CLP where plasma, particles, and muons orbiting around 4AXS collide with the target section in the 4MU-ORBIT, and the particles may be collided with each other to generate particles by collision.) (B) Annular vessel, horizontal view [cross-sectional view of section AA'] (CS-COIL: CS-COIL if necessary) 4D-MUCF: Annular vessel. 4D-IN: Vessel wall. (May be a conductor) 2COIL: Coil, TF-COIL, Helical-COIL. T1-2BMU, 4MU-ORBIT (magnetic vessel, muon in magnetic vessel) 4D-MUCF-ROT: Rotatable vessel. (C) Cylindrical vessel (cylindrical vessel) 1F-SYS, 1EXP-SYS, 1R4T-MUCF: Vessel, Cylindrical vessel 4T-MUCF-ROT: Rotatable vessel.M1, MA1, M1F: high-speed muons or muonic atoms 2MUDECE: muon decelerator, decelerator for muonic atoms M1L: decelerated muons (·muonic atoms) 4STAT: support part of the container, fixed part (bearing 4B in case of rotation, container rotation part 4ROT) 2COILs-FOR-4T: coil group for forming a magnetic field container in a cylindrical container (note that the coils may be arranged in a cylindrical container and may be made of a material that can form a magnetic container in the cylindrical container.) (2ICF: inertial confinement means part when inertial confinement of T1 part is performed. Part that compresses T1 part by laser or ion beam) AEC: alpha ray energy conversion part, charged particle direct generator (converter) (1TH-NZ nozzle, 1TH: thruster if necessary) 1GENR: power generation part. It may be a part that generates electricity using light or electromagnetic waves generated by AEC such as photoelectric conversion element. (Although the number of moving parts will increase, it may be a turbine-type power generation section that boils water to generate steam and rotates a turbine, like a thermal power generation section.) 1PRPLT: Propellant (propellant ejected using particles and alpha rays generated after nuclear fusion, or photons and particles generated by nuclear fusion energy and their energy input) (A*) Magnetic field and muon orbit of an annular vessel 4MU-ORBIT: Magnetic field orbit that confines muons (magnetic vessel) 2MUDECE: Decelerator (It may be possible to remotely and non-contactly inject high-speed muons M1F into a rotating 4D-MUCF-ROT vessel, and obtain decelerated muons M1L in that section.) M1-CYCLB: Muons rotating, moving, circular, spiral, and cyclotron-moving due to the magnetic field within T1. 4D-MUCF-H: 4D-MUCF, a vessel capable of generating helical and stellarator-type magnetic vessels. 4D-MUCF: A vessel capable of generating helical, tokamak, and other magnetic vessels. (In the case of a tokamak type, it may be possible to heat the T1·FEED·plasma section using a CS coil.) <Figure 33> (B) Explanation of cylindrical vessel 4T·4T-MUCF 4T, 4T-MUCF, 4T-MUCF-ROT: vessel. (Cylinder vessel in this figure. *No restrictions on shape, pressure vessel may be made of metal, 4D, 4D-MUCF are also acceptable) 4T-IN: Wall surface may be metal. In this figure, a thick pressure vessel with metal wall surface is assumed. 2COILs-FOR-4T: Coil. For forming magnetic vessel. 1NUT-TX: Neutrino transmitter, neutrino beam transmitter 2MU-BY-NUT: Part that generates muons from neutrinos (e.g. discharge box that receives neutrinos) 2MU: Muon generator, M1F: High-speed muon 2MUDECE: Muon decelerator T1·FEED: Nuclear transmutation material, target part <Figure 34> Figure 34 is a hypothetical diagram of a reaction example "CD4+muon->12C+D->14N+D->16O*->12C+4He" in which methane (deuterium carbide, CD4) consisting of deuterium D and carbon-12 is irradiated with a negative muon, the negative muon is bound to the carbon-12 in the methane, D is fused to the carbon-12 in the methane CD4 to become nitrogen-14, deuterium D is bound to the nitrogen-14 to become an excited oxygen nucleus 16O*, and the 16O* is nuclear transmuted into carbon-12 and alpha rays. Figure 34 includes an explanatory diagram for the case where "CD4+muon->12C+D+muon->14N+D+muon->16O*->12C+4He+muon" is repeated twice in CD4, and the overall reaction formula becomes CD4+muon->C(carbon-12)+2×He(helium-4)+muon. In order to bind two D to 12C within CD4 and return to a carbon-12 nucleus via an excited oxygen nucleus, the reaction formula for binding a negative muon to methane CD4 shown in Figure 34 is "a nuclear transmutation system using muons, comprising a process of binding a muon to a raw material atom, obtaining an excited nucleus, and transmuting the nucleus into an atom having a smaller effective nuclear charge or atomic number than the raw material atom," and the raw material atoms are carbon-12 and deuterium within a methane molecule consisting of carbon-12 and deuterium D. <Fig. 35><System for nuclear fusing fluorine and hydrogen atoms in a molecule, P-19F system for nuclear fusing adjacent H and F in PVDF resin> Fig. 35 is an explanatory diagram of a target / decelerator T1-With-PVDF-2MUDECE in which polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF (PVDF consisting of hydrogen, fluorine 19, and carbon) is used as the target part T1 and muon decelerator 2MUDECE in the dielectric 2LZI of the electric field forming element 2FDELE of the muon decelerator 2MUDECE in Fig. 20. The target / decelerator T1-With-PVDF-2MUDECE contains carbon, fluorine, and hydrogen in the resin and molecule, and the fluorine and hydrogen may have a part (T1-Hu19F where F and H in Fig. 35 are surrounded by a dashed circle frame) where PVDF is polarized by applying an external potential difference and electric field and fluorine and hydrogen are close to each other between the chains of the PVDF molecules. (Or, the PVDF resin may have a bond due to the intermolecular force between fluorine and hydrogen.) Electrodes 2ER (sheet A) may be attached to both ends of the dielectric part 2LZI using PVDF of the target / decelerator part T1-With-PVDF-2MUDECE (sheet B). The target / decelerator part T1-With-PVDF-2MUDECE may be applied with a potential difference / voltage from the outside, and may constitute a nuclear fusion system 1F-SYS that decelerates muons irradiated from the muon source M1 by the electric field generated in T1-With-PVDF-2MUDECE, and binds the decelerated muons to the adjacent part of hydrogen and fluorine (T1-Hu19F) in T1-With-PVDF-2MUDECE (or the fluorine / hydrogen atomic part of the bond due to the intermolecular force between fluorine and hydrogen) to induce muon nuclear fusion between the hydrogen and fluorine. The configuration in Figure 35 allows us to attempt to induce nuclear fusion between fluorine and hydrogen between adjacent fluorine and hydrogen atoms in solid PVDF resin, which is not corrosive or toxic like hydrogen fluoride. When PVDF is used for the target section T1, it can serve as both the electric field forming element 2FDELE / capacitor element for the muon decelerator and the target / fuel section T1.*Note that in Fig. 35, a configuration is described in which PVDF is used as the insulating part, dielectric part, and piezoelectric part (or pyroelectric body) of the capacitor element and electric field forming element 2FDELE to form an electric field of the laser wake field 2LASER-EF in the material part in the laser wake field LWF of Fig. 18, and the muon is decelerated by the electric field 2LASER-EF, and then the muon is bound to T1. In the case where PVDF is used for T1, compared to the case where hydrogen fluoride HF is used for T1, PVDF is non-toxic and non-toxic like hydrogen fluoride, does not require pressure or gas pressure or container management, and solid PVDF, which is easy to install, arrange, and hold, can be used as the target part T1 of the muon irradiation part and laser irradiation part for generating the laser wake field. Therefore, in this application, a nuclear fusion system 1F-SYS or a nuclear transmutation system that uses muons to fuse fluorine and hydrogen in PVDF. (*In Figures 35 and 36, muons are decelerated in the T1-With-PVDF-2MUDECE section and then guided to the H and F in the PVDF to combine and attempt muon nuclear fusion. *In Figure 36, coil 2COIL confines the muons decelerated in the T1-With-PVDF-2MUDECE section in magnetic container 2MAGC. T1 is in magnetic container 2MAGC, and the muons are induced to continue diffusing the T1 inside magnetic container 2MAGC generated by coil 2COIL so that they do not escape from T1. The coil confines the muons in the T1 section and encourages them to remain in T1 and continue diffusing. Coil 2COIL passes current to generate a magnetic field through the coil using the coil power supply unit 2PWSP-COIL and its control unit.) <In the case of placing in a coil, magnetic vessel, and magnetic field> * In FIG. 36, 2MUDECE, which is also T1 using PVDF, T1-With-PVDF-2MUDECE, is stored in a magnetic vessel 2MAGC formed by a coil 2COIL. * In one embodiment, the magnetic vessel may be formed by a tube-type or helical-type coil 2COIL, 2COIL-Helical. (For example, a tube-type vessel 4T or a rotatable tube-type vessel 4T-ROT may be equipped with a helical-type coil 2COIL-Helical shown in FIG. 36 to form vessels 4T-H, 4T-H-ROT, a twisted magnetic vessel part, a helical-type magnetic vessel, a target part T1 may be stored, and muons may be irradiated to the T1 part in the magnetic vessel to bind the muons to T1.) <Resin / compound containing fluorine, hydrogen, and carbon> In one embodiment of the present application, a resin / compound containing fluorine, hydrogen, and carbon may be used. (PVDF is an example. PVDF can also be used as a dielectric, insulator, piezoelectric, or pyroelectric material.) (Muon nuclear fusion between molecules of substances or atomic molecular groups that contain hydrogen and fluorine may be attempted.) Comparing VDF and PVDF, PVDF has the advantage that gaseous VDF can be polymerized to become a solid polymer or resin, and hydrogen and fluorine atoms can be brought close to each other within the solid polymer, and that it is not toxic like HF. *Fluoromethane and difluoromethane (gas at room temperature and pressure) may be used as liquids or solids, and the hydrogen and fluorine between the fluoromethane molecules may be brought close to each other, and muons may be bonded to the close parts to promote muon nuclear fusion. (For example, HFCs and hydrofluorocarbons, which are also used as refrigerants, and simple examples are CH2F2 and CH3F. Note that it is fine if the hydrogen and fluorine between adjacent CH2F2 molecules in the liquid or solid CH2F2 can be brought close enough to each other to allow muon nuclear fusion, but if they are not close enough, muon nuclear fusion may not occur.*If CH2F2 is considered simply as a substance containing fluorine and hydrogen fuel (CH2F2 as a non-toxic hydrogen-fluoride fusion fuel gas), for example, it may be used as the laser wakefield generation or laser-irradiated target T1 for a laser-based inertial confinement fusion reactor as shown in Figure 18, and the CH2F2 molecules may be laser-heated to move the molecules and atoms within the molecules while also slowing down and bonding muons to cause muon fusion or laser confinement fusion. *It is known from the following document PF1 that the dielectric strength of PVDF varies depending on the resin manufacturing method, thickness, temperature, and voltage application method and pulse. (See the priority document of this application.) PVDF may be used in the system, decelerator, and target of this application because it may be possible to configure a capacitor-type muon decelerator 2MUDECE that contains fluorine and hydrogen in the molecule and also serves as a muon nuclear fusion target part of fluorine and hydrogen while maintaining a high dielectric strength when an electric field for decelerating muons is formed. Electrodes (low-Z metallic lithium and carbon conductive material) are attached to PVDF with a thickness of submicron, 0.4 micrometers or less, by deposition or the like, to form a PVDF capacitor 2FDELE-PVDF sandwiched between electrodes like a laminated film capacitor or capacitor, or a laminated PVDF film capacitor 2FDELE-LAM-PVDF, and an electric field is applied to the / said capacitor to form a muon decelerator and a target part T1 for muon coupling. *It is possible that a 1-meter capacitor stack device 2FDELE-LAM-PVDF-1M made of submicron PVDF film capacitors can be used to construct a capacitor, muon decelerator, and muon catalyst nuclear fusion fuel target section T1 with a 2GV withstand voltage. Cosmic muons have GeV-class kinetic energy and speed, and if the capacitor stack device 2FDELE-LAM-PVDF-1M can form a 2-gigavolt electric field within the device, it may be possible to decelerate GeV-class negative muons. It is also possible that positive and negative muons in cosmic muons with different charges can be separated within the device 2FDELE-LAM-PVDF-1M. It is assumed that positive muons are accelerated within or pass through the device 2FDELE-LAM-PVDF-1M, and negative muons are decelerated within the device 2FDELE-LAM-PVDF-1M. *The device 2FDELE-LAM-PVDF-1M may be cooled. (It may be immersed in a low-Z solvent (e.g. liquid helium). At low temperatures, even if you want to convert the alpha ray energy generated after nuclear fusion into electricity using a heat exchanger HX or steam turbine, heating liquid helium with alpha rays may not be suitable for high temperature, high pressure, or PVDF cooling, so this may not be desirable. In such cases, it may be preferable to convert the alpha rays into gamma ray or photon energy using AEC and convert them into electricity.A solvent with a smaller Z than the fluorine in PVDF, such as liquid nitrogen (N2), could be considered. The atomic number Z of He is smaller than that of N2, so it is expected that muons will be less likely to be trapped. Cooling refrigerants made of low-Z atoms are also envisioned. *In this application, the atom proximity means for bringing atoms to be fused close to each other in T1 may be expressed as being performed in two stages. In the first stage atom proximity means, it is possible to use atom proximity means for bonding atoms together like HF molecules or atom proximity means for bringing atoms close to each other like H and F between molecules of PVDF, and in the second stage atom proximity means, muons are bonded to the atoms close to each other in the first stage instead of electrons, and since muons are about 200 times heavier than electrons, it is attempted to make the two atomic nuclei in the muon molecule easily approach each other and cause nuclear fusion.)*In another example of the expression of this application, in order to fuse atoms together, atoms are first brought close to the molecular-molecular distance and the atoms are made to include atoms to be fused intramolecularly or intermolecularly, and the atoms have an arrangement of atoms that are close to each other intramolecularly or intermolecularly, and muons are bonded to the arrangement of the atoms that are close to each other to attempt muon nuclear fusion between the atoms. <Figure 36> Figure 36 is an explanatory diagram of a cylindrical container 4T-H (or a cylindrical container 4T-ROT-H that can rotate in the theta direction) in which the magnetic confinement coil 2COIL is a helical coil and can form a helical magnetic container 2MAGC inside the container. *The coil 2COIL and the reducer ·T1 may be stored in the cylindrical container 4T, for example. *The 2COIL may be a helical coil 2COIL-Helicals (Helical-COILs). *The solenoid coil may be oblique / tilted with respect to the longitudinal axis to form a helical / spiral coil (helical solenoid). In a normal solenoid coil, the coil loops are shown in Figure 33(A) as perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (the length of the axis of the 4AXS-4T-TH), and generally speaking, solenoids are often wound so that they intersect perpendicularly as mentioned above, but the way the coil is wound relative to the longitudinal direction of the coil can be rough and can have an angle so that the solenoid is wound helically. (@A part of the toroidal loop of a doughnut / ring-shaped helical fusion reactor (LHC in Japan / W7-X in Germany) is cut out and a means for closing both ends of the open-ended and tube-shaped cut-out is combined.) (The helical doughnut-shaped vessel 4D-TH includes a combination of a magnetic field in the toroidal direction / longitudinal direction of the doughnut and a magnetic field twisting in the poloidal direction of the doughnut. In the tokamak type, the TF coil forms a toroidal magnetic field, and the CS coil passes a plasma current through the plasma in the doughnut to generate a magnetic field in the poloidal direction, forming a helical magnetic vessel.) *In this application, a helical coil or a helical magnetic field cage / magnetic vessel may be formed in the doughnut / ring-shaped vessel 4D or tube / cylindrical vessel 4T, and charged particles, positive and negative muons, and plasma may be confined therein, and T1 may be placed in the vessel. *As shown in Figure 33, the coil and magnetic container may be equipped with a rotation means for the device, such as a rotation means 4ROT, a bearing part 4B, and a coupling part (e.g., a slip ring) that supplies power to the rotating coil and the reducer, so that the coil, container, and magnetic container part (and container wall) can rotate in the theta direction.(*Both ends of the helical solenoid coil part may be arranged such that the radius of the coil winding decreases towards both ends, similar to both ends of a conch shell, a trumpet shell, or a croissant, and then the solenoid wires are led out to the external coil power supply circuit side. The helical solenoid coil may be used to confine charged particles and muons using magnetic and electric fields, similar to a tandem mirror type device. A cylindrical container 4T with a magnetic confinement coil 2COIL may form a helical magnetic container 2MAGC inside the container using the helical coil, constituting a cylindrical container 4T-H (a cylindrical container for muon nuclear fusion and a furnace, 4T-MUCF-H, including a helical solenoid, coil, magnetic container, and the magnetic field cage part 2MAGC).)* <Fig. 37><Example of arrangement of a decelerator and fuel T1 using a capacitor element made of a material that may be PVDF>An example of the arrangement of the decelerator is described in Fig. 37. Fig. 37(A) is an explanatory diagram when a voltage application power supply 2PWSP is connected to a capacitor element and decelerator element 2FDELE-LAM-PVDF-1M, which may be of a size of about 1 m. 2PWSP is connected to an electric circuit 2ELECIR and a computer control unit 2CON, and is controlled by 2CON to generate a DC, pulsed operation, or AC voltage, and apply a DC, pulsed, or AC voltage to the element 2FDELE-LAM-PVDF-1M. (2PWSP may be able to generate and apply a gigavolt voltage) Muons M1, which may be cosmic muons SM1, and high-speed muons M1F are incident on the voltage-applied 2FDELE-LAM-PVDF-1M. Due to the electric field inside the element 2FDELE-LAM-PVDF-1M, M1F is decelerated to become decelerated muons M1L, and M1L may be bound to an atom inside the element 2FDELE-LAM-PVDF-1M, for example, a fluorine atom. Then, an attempt may be made to cause muon nuclear fusion and nuclear conversion between the fluorine atom and the adjacent hydrogen atom. <Fig. 38> As shown in Fig. 38, 2FDELE-LAM-PVDF-1M may be used as a negative muon decelerator. Element 2FDELE-LAM-PVDF-1M may be used as a positive muon accelerator. The high-speed negative muon M1F may become a negative muon M1L decelerated by the element and may be guided to bind to the target T1. The high-speed positive muon M1F may become a positive muon M1FA accelerated by the element 2FDELE-LAM-PVDF-1M and may be emitted outside the element through the element. The accelerated positive muon M1FA may then be collided with the TGT section / particle collision section 2CLP of the muon target 2MU to generate muons, leptons, and particles. The positive muon M1FA may collide with an electron in an atom, for example, to generate pairs of positive and negative electrons or positive and negative muons and leptons as are generated in a lepton collider. Also, when a positive muon collides with a proton, it can fragment the nucleus or produce mesons, pions, kaons, etc. *The 2FDELE-LAM-PVDF-1M element, which has a voltage applied to it and forms an electric field, can be arranged to decelerate the negative muon with the speed of the incident, and in this arrangement, the positive muon can be accelerated in the opposite direction to the negative muon. The 2FDELE-LAM-PVDF-1M element is an accelerator / decelerator for positive and negative muons (electrons / positrons, positive and negative muons, positive and negative tauons, leptons, charged particles, depending on the application). The 2FDELE-LAM-PVDF-1M element is also a separator for positive and negative muons (positive and negative leptons, positive and negative particles, depending on the application). *The 2FDELE-LAM-PVDF-1M element can accelerate positive muons (charged particles) depending on the arrangement and how the electric field is formed. For example, it can be operated as an accelerator in which negative muons out of positive and negative cosmic muons are decelerated by the element 2FDELE-LAM-PVDF-1M to combine with T1, while accelerating positive muons and colliding them with particle collision targets or muon targets such as electrons, atoms, or particles. <Fig. 39> Fig. 39 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration in which multiple 2FDELE-LAM-PVDFs are installed as decelerators, and muons are decelerated each time they pass through each decelerator 2FDELE-LAM-PVDF, while the decelerated muons can be bound to a target part T1·FEED (T1, T1-H2O containing hydrogen and oxygen-18, T1-D2O containing deuterium and oxygen-16, T1-NH4 containing nitrogen-15 and hydrogen, T1-ND4 containing nitrogen-14 and deuterium, etc.) separate from the decelerator. In Fig. 39(A), high-speed muons are decelerated by multiple 2FDELE-LAM-PVDFs and then bound to T1. In this case, a muon capture unit 2MUCAP that captures muons may be placed between T1 and multiple 2FDELE-LAM-PVDF, and M1L decelerated by 2FDELE-LAM-PVDF may be captured and transported by 2MUCAP (2MUCAP may be capable of capturing and transporting muons by generating a magnetic field using a magnetic field generating means such as coil 2COIL or a solenoid), and transported to T1 to combine T1 and M1L. Figure 39(B) is an explanatory diagram of a configuration in which a target T1·FEED is inserted between an array of elements 2FDELE-LAM-PVDF (for example, T1 may be made of another substance other than PVDF, such as ammonia NH4·ND4, water H2O·D2O, NaH·AlH3 described below, T1-NaH, T1-AlH3, etc.). In Figure 34F(B), for example, elements 2FDELE-LAM-PVDF and T1 are arranged alternately, and negative muons enter the alternating arrangement section 2FDELE-T1-ARRAY of elements 2FDELE-LAM-PVDF and T1 from the left side and cross the array section, and the negative muons are decelerated as they cross the element 2FDELE-LAM-PVDF and are then bound to the T1 section (fuel such as T1, T1-NH4, T1-H2O, T1-NaH, T1-AlH3, etc.) which may be in the middle of being decelerated.In the figure, the alternating arrangement section 2FDELE-T1-ARRAY has a total of three T1s inserted between four elements, but the number of repetitions of the elements and T1s is not limited to the representation in the figure. For example, submicron elements and 1 micron fuel T1 sections may be arranged alternately over a length of 2 meters (sets of 2 micron thick elements and T1s may be arranged in, for example, 106·1 million layers over 2 meters) to obtain the alternating arrangement section 2FDELE-T1-ARRAY, and an electric field may be applied to each element of the alternating arrangement section to decelerate negative muons in the element section while coupling the decelerated muons to the T1 section arranged next to the element. <Figure 40> Figure 40 is an explanatory diagram of the cube device 2MUDECE-R3D. By applying a potential to the electrodes, a three-dimensional deceleration electric field is formed in the XYZ directions to decelerate the cosmic muon, and muon deceleration is attempted. It can also be used to accelerate leptons such as muons and electrons with opposite electric charges. <Fig. 41><Device for changing meteorite trajectory using energy from muon fusion system> As shown in Fig. 41, a transport machine 5 or a robot 5·5WKR for intercepting a meteorite may be configured to SET and attach a container 4T-MUCF carrying muon fusion fuel such as methane CD4·B2H6·ND3· to a meteorite MTO that may fall to the Earth. <Figure 42><Configuration for drilling a meteorite and fusing it inside it to generate energy inside the meteorite> It may be attempted to change the meteorite's orbit by striking it with a mass driver 3 or a centrifugal gun (a device for striking a mass). (The mission DART by NASA, which strikes a meteorite with a spacecraft to change the meteorite's orbit, is publicly known and has been carried out.) It is also being considered to blow up meteorites approaching the Earth using energy from nuclear fission or nuclear fusion. If there is little time to avoid a collision (less than 10 years), it may be considered to blow up the meteorite with a nuclear weapon, split the mass and deflect the meteorite fragments away from the Earth, or to reduce the mass of the meteorite fragments that have come to Earth to prevent fatal damage. <Placement and driving of nuclear fuel deep inside>* A hammer or a nuclear fuel with a hammer part and a muon generating part (3LOAD) can be projected and fired from a centrifugal gun (for example, a structure including a centrifugal gun part and a mass driver part such as 3.3SPINFSAT) and the hammer can be struck against the meteorite part to hammer into the meteorite like a pile driver to make a hole. After striking with the hammer, 3LOAD can penetrate into the meteorite and penetrate to the inside, and then neutrinos or ignition particles can be irradiated from the outside using a neutrino communication mechanism or the like to the muon generating part and nuclear fuel left inside the iron meteorite, and the ignition particles can generate muons, which can bind to the fuel T1 to cause muon fusion, causing an explosion or blast inside the meteorite. (In order to find out where the fuel is injected into the meteorite, it is possible to obtain a CT scan of the meteorite after injecting the fuel using muography or particles such as neutrinos to confirm the distribution of the injected fuel.) * The muon generator, muon decelerator, and nuclear fuel T1 constituting the muon nuclear fusion and muon nuclear transmutation system 1F-SYS / 1EXP-SYS of the present application may be mounted on a load 3LOAD (missile, rocket, warhead) projected by a projection means such as a centrifugal gun 3SPINFSAT. 3LOAD including bullets (e.g. long bullets such as stakes and nails) that may be penetrating such as tank guns, artillery shells, and APFSDS (armor-piercing fin-stabilized discarding sabots) that can pierce metal or ceramic armor may be accelerated and projected from the surface side of the meteorite into the interior of the meteorite, and then penetrated. (The kinetic energy K of the bullet 3LOAD is K=1 / 2 × the square of the bullet's speed v) Like an earth penetrating bomb, the 3LOAD, which is a penetrating bomb or warhead accelerated to high speed, may be equipped with the fusion fuel part T1, muon generator 2MU / 2MU-BY-NUT, muon decelerator, or part capable of decelerating and coupling muons to fuel, which constitute the fusion system. In the device of this application, a solid fusion fuel T1 (e.g., deuterium carbonate resin (C2D4)n, lithium borohydride LiBH4) is described. When firing a bullet 3LOAD, which may be penetrating, into the inside of an iron meteorite MTO, the material of the bullet (accelerated by a centrifugal gun 3SPINFSAT, and if possible, may be described as X% of the speed of light, etc.) may be, for example, deuterium carbonate resin.The armor-piercing bullet is loaded with solid fusion fuel and a muon generator (atomic nucleus that generates muons using neutrinos) and fired at an iron meteorite, and the inertia and pressure of the advancing armor-piercing bullet pushes the surface of the iron meteorite and pushes the armor-piercing bullet in. If the material of a bullet that penetrates the surface and armor of the MTO is the fuel T1, and the bullet contains fusion fuel and a neutrino and muon generator, it may be possible to irradiate the T1 part of the bullet that remains in the metal with neutrinos to cause muon fusion. (As shown in (B) of Figure 45, it is also possible to shoot a bullet with a muon generating part, atomic nucleus, particle 2MU-GEN-ATOM after shooting a bullet of T1 nuclear fuel 3LOADT1 (balls) into a metallic meteorite.) At the very least, it may be possible to shoot an accelerated fusion fuel bullet into the metal body of a meteorite and leave the bullet, fusion fuel, and fuel T1 inside the metal, and if muons can be bound to the placed fuel (because it is inside the metal, muon generating particles that can penetrate metal can be transmitted to the T1 part or muon generating part), muon fusion may occur. *The surface may be surrounded by a case of, for example, carbon-12 diamond, carbon fiber, or BN / BNNT to increase the strength of the bullet case. <Configuration in which balls or piles fired from a centrifugal gun are struck against the surface of a meteorite to blast and excavate the surface>* It is also possible to attempt to use bullets fired from a centrifugal gun or mass driver as a hammer or pile for driving piles (or as hammer balls instead of sand for sandblasting) to continuously strike and drive piles into a metal surface, destroying, crushing, removing and processing the metal surface, and proceeding with the excavation. <Fig. 43> Fig. 43 is an explanatory diagram of the transmission of neutrinos, muons, and particles from the particle transmitter 5BTX (which may be multiple units) for detonation attached to the transportation device 5SHIP or the iron meteorite MTO to the particle receiver 5BRX in the hole 5T-HOLE. The neutrino transmitter / particle transmitter 5BTX (which may be multiple units) for detonation attached to the iron meteorite MTO may be equipped with a radio / radio communication unit / radio receiver 5TX-RAD, and may transmit and receive a detonation signal from 5SHIP or the like by radio / radio using 5TX-RAD, and then operate the neutrino transmitter 1NUT-TX of 5BTX using the radio / radio signal to transmit neutrinos to 5BRX (2MU-BY-NUT). <Figure 44> Figure 44 is an explanatory diagram of how the meteorite's material and iron parts are formed (by supplying nuclear fusion fuel T1 such as methane or ammonia, injecting muons and slowing them down in the drilling body 5REMV-BODY) to form a muon nuclear fusion part near the iron of the drilling head 5REMV-HEAD (FP part of Figure 48, MLTFE). <Figure 45> Figure 45 is an explanatory diagram of projecting and firing a hammer or a nuclear fuel with a hammer part and a cargo with a muon generator (3LOAD) from a centrifugal gun (for example, a structure including a centrifugal gun part and a mass driver part such as 3SPINFSAT), striking the hammer against the meteorite part and hammering it into the meteorite like a pile driver to make a hole. Also, an explanatory diagram of shooting nuclear fuel T1 (·2MU-GEN-ATOM) and a cargo with a muon generator (3LOAD) into an iron meteorite by an acceleration projection means of the cargo such as a centrifugal gun, irradiating the shot T1·2MU-GEN-ATOM with neutrinos to generate and combine muons into the T1 part, and causing muon nuclear fusion inside the meteorite. <Fig. 46>@In Fig. 46, for example, a plurality of fiber material parts 2NTLP such as carbon nanotubes CNT or boron nitride nanotubes BNNT with closed ends in loop, ring, or annular form may be manufactured to form a chain 2LPST consisting of 2NTLP. 2LPST may be described as a pattern of "different corners, different corner cuts, different circles" in a family crest, combining multiple corners, circles, rings, and loops in a chain to form a single continuous 2LPST by combining a loop 2LPST at the start point and a loop 2LPST at the end point, and the 2LPST may be used as a frame, cable, or structural part 2LPST that can withstand the centrifugal force when the 3SPINFSAT rotates. The 2NTLP may contain a wire, tube, loop, or ring part 2NTLP-I2 made of another material (for example, a metal or alloy). The 2NTLP / 2NTLP-CHAIN ​​may contain a wire, tube 2NTLP-I2 made of another material or an atomic or molecular part. 2NTLP may be a hybrid material that can withstand centrifugal force, including wire tube loops and ring parts 2NTLP-I2 made of another material. By using the above configuration, we will attempt to use it as a frame and structural material for parts that require strength, such as the wire parts of centrifugal guns and space elevators. 2NTLP contains a continuous wire tube loop and ring part 2NTLP-I2 made of another material (e.g., metal or alloy), and since the material is wire tube loop and ring part 2NTLP-I2, even if the tube part of the 2NTLP part containing 2NTLP-I2 breaks due to deterioration, the internal wire tube part remains, and the metal nanotube ring part remains, allowing the connection to be maintained.For practical use in centrifugal guns, space elevators, etc., the 2NTLP-CHAIN ​​chain made of 2NTLP is made up of multiple chain groups 2NTLP-CHAINs bundled together to form a (macro) rope, cable, ribbon, string, or frame part 2LPST made of nanotube chains that can withstand centrifugal force, weight, and mechanical force; however, there is a possibility that the strength of the 2NTLP may decrease and break due to atoms in the BNNT or CNT part of the 2NTLP being sputtered or undergoing a chemical reaction caused by cosmic rays or atomic oxygen (AO), and therefore, in order to prevent the chain from separating or remaining entangled in the wire, tube, loop, or loop part even if one 2NTLP or 2NTLP-CHAIN ​​breaks, a hybrid loop 2NTLP or chain 2NTLP-CHAIN ​​containing a metal or alloy wire part in the 2NTLP may also be used. Even if one link 2NTLP(A) in a certain chain 2NTLP-CHAIN(C) breaks or the tube breaks, as long as the 2NTLP-I2(A) contained in the 2NTLP(A) does not break, the contained 2NTLP-I2(A) will combine with another adjacent or interlocking 2NTLP(B) as a chain, and the chain (C) containing them can be arranged in a state where it does not immediately break and is entangled and does not move within the chain group 2NTLP-CHAINs. For example, there is the advantage that the chain group can be wound up during maintenance, and if there is a camera unit and X-ray observation unit 2LPST-MEAS for observing the chain part and chain group, the chain structure 2NTLP-I2-CHAIN ​​of the metal part 2NTLP-I2 is maintained and it can be seen whether the high-strength tube part 2NTLP such as BNNT has broken or is prone to damage in actual use. (By inserting a metal wire 2NTLP-I2 inside the loop portion 2NTLP, which is a component of the chain 2NTLP-CHAIN, during maintenance of the chain 2NTLP-CHAIN, the high Z of metal atoms in 2NTLP-I2 can be used in X-ray observation images during X-ray observation, so that the metal wire 2NTLP-I2 can absorb X-rays more strongly than BNNT or CNT and produce shading in the X-ray CE image, which can be used to determine whether a break has occurred in the metal wire portion 2NTLP-I2 or whether a break has occurred in the loop / tube 2NTLP containing it. This can be advantageous for understanding guidelines for when to maintain, observe the condition, check the quality, and replace the chain portion / chain group portion 2NTLP-CHAINs, so that in one form of the present application, a metal wire may be contained inside.)When obtaining a transmission image CT of BNNT or CNT consisting of low Z atoms and observing their structure and deterioration state, muography, muon microscope, muon applied measurement means using muons may be used in addition to X-ray, X-ray CT, and X-ray applied measurement means. Photon gamma rays and X-rays are easily absorbed by high Z elements such as metals, but are not easily absorbed by low Z atoms. On the other hand, muons, for example, positively charged muons, are leptons and particles with mass, and the muon leptons change their orbit when they collide with low Z or high Z atomic nuclei (and the protons and neutrons in the nuclei) of the object to be observed by muography, and the state of the muon lepton can be detected by a detector to observe the object, so it may be used to observe the object (the above-mentioned ring part 2NTLP, chain part 2NTLP-CHAIN, chain group part 2NTLP-CHAINs, frame part 2LPST). *2NTLP-CHAIN ​​and 2NTLP-CHAINs may be used for cables, chains, wire ropes, and ribbons that require strength, such as centrifugal guns and space elevators. *It would be preferable if a single seamless CNT or BNNT could be synthesized to form a loop for one revolution of a centrifugal gun (it would also be preferable if a seamless tube could be constructed over a large distance when used for space elevators, etc.). However, in case this is not possible, if the tube or ring part 2NTLP of a seamless ring-shaped BNNT could be combined in a chain to form a 2NTLP-CHAIN ​​chain, each of the 2NTLPs that make up the chain would be able to exhibit the strength of seamless CNT or BNNT, and the chain would also be able to exhibit the strength of CNT or BNNT as a chain device (although a straight tube that is not chain-shaped would be stronger, as a compromise). Therefore, in this application, a chain 2NTLP-CHAIN ​​consisting of ring 2NTLPs as shown in Figure 46 may be constructed and used for the frame part of a structural material or system that requires strength, such as a centrifugal gun. *2NTLP-CHAIN ​​may be encapsulated in another nanotube. *2NTLP-CHAIN ​​and 2NTLP-CHAINs may be covered with other materials to prevent reaction with atomic oxygen or to protect them from cosmic ray collisions. For example, they may be covered with ceramic or insulating tubes for insulation, or with metal films or tubes to protect them from atomic oxygen and cosmic ray collisions.*2NTLP, 2NTLP-CHAIN, and 2NTLP-CHAINs may be components of electric wires (e.g., the power transmission wires of a space elevator). [*If 2NTLP (2NTLP which may include 2NTLP-I2) can be made large enough to span a macroscopic length, such as the size of a space elevator or a centrifugal gun 3SPINFSAT, then 2NTLP (2NTLP which may include 2NTLP-I2), which is a continuous ring part, may be included in the ring-shaped frame part 2LPST and used. *However, in cases where it is difficult to create a nanotube loop of a length that spans a macroscopic length, such as the size of a space elevator or a centrifugal gun (for example, the radius of the loop is not at the nano or micro level but at the macro scale of meters or kilometers, or the length from the ground to outer space of 100 kilometers or more), a frame using a 2NTLP-CHAIN ​​may be considered.]

[0022] This application claims the benefit of priority to Japanese patent application No. 2024-082974, filed May 22, 2024, the entirety of which is incorporated by reference. <Document name> Patent application 2024-082974 specification <Name of invention> Nuclear transmutation system <Technical field> <0001> <Technical Field> The present invention is an idea or invention related to nuclear power. The present invention relates to a muon catalyzed nuclear fusion system. (This is an application based on an idea and requires demonstration.) <Background Art> <0002> As shown in Non-Patent Document 1, a muon catalyzed nuclear fusion method (muon catalyzed nuclear fusion) is known. <0003> Hydrogen molecules containing deuterium (D) and tritium (T) are made into a liquid, and muons are introduced into the liquid, where the muons act as a catalyst for nuclear fusion to cause a nuclear fusion reaction. However, in the case of hydrogen molecules, the charge of the atomic nucleus after nuclear fusion increases from +1 for hydrogen atoms to +2 for helium atoms, and the muons are captured and trapped by Coulomb forces by nuclei with a charge of +2, helium nuclei, and alpha particle nuclei, causing the muon-catalyzed nuclear fusion to stop (become difficult to react). <0004> According to Non-Patent Document 2, a thermonuclear fusion method using protons and boron is known. In thermonuclear fusion reactors, high-energy neutron rays that can activate the fusion reactor through DT and DD reactions are a problem, and as a solution, a system using protons and boron (P-11B system, proton-boron system) that does not or is unlikely to emit neutrons is being considered. When the P-11B system is used in a thermonuclear fusion reactor, there is a problem that the temperature at which thermonuclear fusion occurs must be 10 times higher than that of the DT system.<Prior art documents><Patent documents> <0005> <Non-Patent Document 1> High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Muon Catalyzed Nuclear Fusion [Internet, WEB page, URL: https: / / www2.kek.jp / imss / msl / muon-tour / fusion.htmll, accessed September 18, 2023] <Non-Patent Document> <0006> <Non-Patent Document 2> National Institute for Fusion Science NIFS demonstrates fusion reaction using advanced fusion fuel - First step towards a clean fusion reactor using a hydrogen-boron reaction that does not produce neutrons - [Internet WEB page, URL: https: / / www.nifs.ac.jp / news / researches / 230309-01.html, accessed September 18, 2023] <Summary of the invention><Problem to be solved by the invention> <0007> The problem to be solved is that in a muon catalyzed nuclear fusion system using hydrogen atoms and hydrogen molecules, muons are captured and trapped by Coulomb force, causing the muon catalyzed nuclear fusion to stop (become difficult to react). In addition, in systems using deuterium D or tritium T in muon nuclear fusion, neutrons are generated that may radioactively activate the components of a nuclear fusion reactor or nuclear fusion system, but it may be possible to have a system that does not generate neutrons. <Means for solving the problem> <0008> In muon-catalyzed nuclear fusion, we want to bring muons close to hydrogen atoms, which are the fuel material before nuclear fusion, to cause nuclear fusion, but the helium nuclei of the atomic nuclei after nuclear fusion have more charge than the hydrogen nuclei before nuclear fusion, making them easier to capture muons. Therefore, in this invention, as a system that reverses the change in charge, a system that uses protons and boron is disclosed as 1 in Figure 1. Also, an assumed example of a spacecraft 3 / transport device 3 equipped with it is shown in Figure 5. <0009> As the intention of Fig. 5, spacecraft and space exploration robots 3 traveling between planets may be required to generate power and propel themselves using fuel carried on the spacecraft even in interplanetary and interstellar environments where sunlight and starlight cannot reach. The background to this is that we thought it would be possible to use the vacuum environment of space as a power source, operate a particle accelerator to generate muons and protons, and configure a nuclear fusion reactor and nuclear fusion thruster. <0010> In addition, although there is a possibility that neutrons may be produced, as an example (2) from another aspect of the present invention, which is not limited to systems using protons and boron, a system using protons and lithium is also disclosed.The intent of the disclosure is for lithium systems to have a lower melting point than boron and to be easily heated to liquid lithium, whereas systems using boron must be heated to high temperatures above the melting point of boron, which is over 2000 degrees Celsius. <0011> This invention focuses on the fact that in a proton-boron nuclear fusion reaction system (P-11B system), the charge of the boron nucleus that serves as the nuclear fusion fuel is +5, and the charge of the helium produced after nuclear fusion is +3. The P-11B system is a system in which the charge of the nucleus decreases when the nuclear fusion reaction occurs from boron to helium. (*On the other hand, the DT system is a system in which the charge increases after nuclear fusion as mentioned above, and trapping occurs.) <0012> In Figure 1 of this application, the following reaction is assumed. (Not proven) 1. A proton with a charge of +1 is incident on a boron nucleus (muonic molecule containing boron) with a charge of +5 that has been captured by a muon with a charge of -1, and a nuclear fusion reaction occurs and promotes the reaction. 2. Nuclear fusion produces three helium nuclei with a charge of +3, alpha rays, and energy from one proton and one boron. 3. It is considered that the muon prefers to be trapped by the boron with a charge of +5 that exists in large quantities in the bulk around the muon (it is electrically attracted to it) rather than being trapped by the helium with a charge of +3 after it is generated. 4. The muon comes to stay near the boron rather than the helium, trapping the muon, and the boron (which becomes a muonic molecule and the protons become electrically closer to each other and easier to fuse) fuses with the incident protons, and this process is repeated, with the muon catalyzing the nuclear fusion reaction between the protons and boron. <0013> In this invention or idea, in a proton-boron nuclear fusion reaction system (P-11B system), the boron that serves as the nuclear fusion fuel has an electric charge of 5 (+5), and the helium that is generated after nuclear fusion has an electric charge of 3 (+3), so we propose a system (Figure 1) in which muons and protons are irradiated onto a boron target to cause muon-catalyzed nuclear fusion. *This application is at the idea stage and has not been demonstrated, but we file the application on the assumption that in the P-11B system, the fuel has a +5 charge of boron, which makes it easier to capture and trap negatively charged muons than the +2 charge of helium after generation. *In the opposite system, the known hydrogen-DT muon-catalyzed nuclear fusion system, negatively charged muons are more likely to be captured by helium.<0014> *This invention has been described with an example of a proton-boron nuclear fusion system, but in order not to limit the scope of the invention, the conditions of the invention may be disclosed more generally, so long as the charge of the substance generated when atomic nuclei fuse is smaller than the charge of the atoms that become the nuclear fusion fuel. *For example, a reaction system as shown in Figure 2 is conceivable. As in the example of Figure 2, it may also be a system that uses boron B or lithium Li. <0015> ● The boron and lithium of the present application may be heated from room temperature and used as a liquid. For example, liquid lithium may be used. In existing muon catalyzed nuclear fusion systems, cooled liquid hydrogen (melting point is minus 250 degrees Celsius) is used, but liquid lithium has a melting point of about 180 degrees Celsius, so liquid lithium may have the advantage of being easier to liquefy when used in the muon target section compared to liquid hydrogen. ● Boron also has a melting point of 2070 degrees Celsius and a boiling point of 4000 degrees, which is higher than lithium, but it can be used as liquid boron in the target section to which muons and protons are irradiated. In the target section, it is expected that muon catalyzed nuclear fusion will occur using boron with a nuclear charge of +5 and lithium with a nuclear charge of +3 as nuclear fusion fuel. After the muon catalyzed nuclear fusion, helium alpha rays with a nuclear charge of +2 are generated and released from the system. (A system using boron and protons is disclosed in Figure 1, and a system using protons, neutrons and lithium is disclosed in Figure 3.) <0016> The most important feature of the present invention is that a muon catalyzed nuclear fusion system uses a system in which the charge of the substance (He in FIG. 1, alpha rays) generated when atomic nuclei undergo nuclear fusion is smaller than the charge of the fusion fuel atom (B in FIG. 1). <Effects of the Invention> <0017> The present invention is a nuclear fusion system that does not emit neutrons, which is the same as the P-11B system, and has the advantage that it is unlikely that radioactive materials will be produced during nuclear fusion. <0018> <Figure 1> Figure 1 is an explanatory diagram of the muon catalyzed nuclear fusion system 1F-SYS, which uses boron and protons. <Figure 2> Figure 2 is an example of a nuclear fusion reaction system that has the characteristic that when atomic nuclei fuse, the charge of the nuclei of the material produced by nuclear fusion is smaller than the charge of the nuclei of the atoms that serve as the nuclear fusion fuel.(Figure 2 is an explanatory document, and not all examples shown in Figure 2 are used in the present invention, but are shown as examples of reaction systems having the characteristics. For example, in Group A of Figure 2, reaction formulas of systems using protons and lithium, protons and boron-11, protons and nitrogen-15, protons and nitrogen-15, protons and oxygen-17 and oxygen-18, etc. are shown. In Group B, reaction formulas of lithium-6, lithium-7, protons, D, neutrons and helium-3 are shown. In Group C, reaction formulas related to carbon are shown. For carbon, examples of carbon-carbon nuclear fusion reactions are also shown.) <Figure 3> Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram of the muon catalyzed nuclear fusion system 1F-SYS using lithium and protons. (A) shows an example of irradiating and inputting protons, neutrons and deuterium into lithium, and (B) shows an example of using lithium-6 deuteride, which is chemically bonded (ionically bonded) with lithium-6 and deuterium. <Fig. 4> Fig. 4 is a comparative explanatory diagram of the muon catalysis nuclear fusion method using the existing D or T and the muon catalysis nuclear fusion method using the protons of the present invention and B or Li. (The upper part of Fig. 4 shows the method using D and T, and the lower part of Fig. 4 shows the method using protons, B, and Li of the present invention.) <Fig. 5> Fig. 5 shows the nuclear fusion reactor 1R and nuclear fusion application thruster 1TH including the present invention's 1F-SYS and their application examples. *For example, the 1F-SYS may be mounted on a spaceship 3 or exploration robot 3 that propels and moves in the air, outer space, between planets, and between stars. The spaceship 3 may be a spaceship that generates muons, protons, and neutrons by an accelerator, collects and stores nuclear fuel B or Li, and propels it by the reaction of the nuclear fusion reaction and the He alpha rays, etc., emitted to the rear of 3. *3 is not limited to spaceships, and may be various transportation equipment, aircraft, spacecraft, ships, submarines, vehicles, automobiles, robots, various industrial machines, and space exploration robots. <Fig. 6> Fig. 6 is an explanatory diagram and a conceptual diagram of the muon catalyzed nuclear fusion system 1F-SYS / 1EXP-SYS using diborane, borohydride, alkane, and azan. (An explanatory diagram of the system in Fig. 1, except for the part irradiated with protons, in which the target T1 is diborane, alkane, and azan.) <Fig. 7> Fig. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the muon catalyzed nuclear fusion system 1F-SYS, which uses a diborane-borohydride part pressurized by the ramjet method. <Fig. 8> Fig. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the system 1F-SYS-MP1, which mixes and compresses borohydride such as diborane and muonic hydrogen atoms in the compression part.<Fig. 9> Fig. 9 is an example of the 1F-SYS system with a compression section and a heating section. (A laser irradiation system may also be provided.) <Fig. 10> An explanatory diagram of a case where a movable muon target for muon generation and a rotating muon target are inserted into a MERIT accelerator and a MERIT ring, and the target is rotated and made movable to generate pions and muons by applying a particle beam to the target. (The cross section of the rotating disk is thin, and it may be a wedge-shaped one with a thin outer periphery.) <Fig. 11> An explanatory diagram of replacing a disk-shaped movable muon target by machine. <Fig. 12> An explanatory diagram of a case where one of the extraction ports is stopped, the movable muon target part is removed and moved from the accelerator, and the muon target part is replaced with another muon target. <Fig. 13> An explanatory diagram of a device that uses a movable muon target to perform muon target replacement and particle collision with the muon target and pion-muon generation in parallel, and a muon nuclear fusion and muon nuclear transmutation system. (including the muon deceleration section)<Fig. 14> An explanatory diagram of a meson / muon production system in which the movable muon target includes hydrogen atoms, protons or helium atoms.<Fig. 15> An explanatory diagram of a meson / muon production system that uses helium atoms (or hydrogen atoms, positively charged particles) moving through a circular accelerator as the muon target.<Fig. 16> An explanatory diagram of a nuclear fusion system, nuclear transmutation system, and atom production system that uses a meson production system.<Fig. 17> An explanatory diagram of one embodiment of the present application in which cosmic muons or high-speed muons are decelerated and irradiated, injected, and bonded with atoms in the target section T1 to attempt nuclear transmutation and nuclear fusion. (A) The celestial sphere / space side of the target T1 on the ground side. (B) An example of attempting muon nuclear fusion and muon nuclear transmutation in T1 by directly irradiating the target T1 of the source atoms and molecules with a laser to form an electric field capable of decelerating the muon, decelerating the muon, and binding the muon to the atom of T1. <Fig. 18> An explanatory diagram of an example of attempting muon nuclear fusion and muon nuclear transmutation by directly irradiating the target T1 of the source atoms and molecules with a pulsed laser to form an electric field capable of decelerating the muon, decelerating the muon, and binding the muon to the atom of T1. <Fig. 19> An explanatory diagram of a configuration in which an element that forms an electric field is used as a muon decelerator. (A) An explanatory diagram when decelerating a muon using an element that forms an electric field. In (A), the muon that is incident on the target T1 may rotate due to the magnetic field B and move within the atom of the target. (B) An explanatory diagram when an electric field for deceleration is formed using a pyroelectric array and muons are decelerated by the electric field. (B) is a configuration in which an electric field is generated in the pyroelectric body by changing the temperature at the end of the pyroelectric body, and this electric field is used as a means for slowing down muons. <Fig. 20> Explanatory diagram of an element that forms an electric field. (A) When a capacitor element using electrodes and insulators / dielectrics is used. (B1) When an electric double layer capacitor type element is used. (B2) Explanatory diagram of an element including an electric double layer portion. <Fig. 21> Explanatory diagram of transportation equipment / structure 3 equipped with a part that generates mesons / muons from cosmic rays. <Fig. 22> Explanatory diagram of an assumed nuclear transmutation / nuclear fusion system that uses muons, taking into account muon nuclear capture reactions. (A) A muon binds to carbon-12 in a carbon material, undergoes a muon nuclear capture reaction, and is converted to boron-12 nuclei (12B*) with excitation energy of 10-20 MeV. The excitation energy is then transferred from 12B* to the neighboring carbon-12 nuclei, generating excited carbon-12 (12C*), which is then converted to helium, and the excitation energy is transferred to the neighboring carbon-12, and so on. This process is repeated, and the carbon-12 nuclei in the carbon material are converted to helium using muons. (B1) A diagram illustrating the case where a muon is bound to azan containing nitrogen-15, undergoes a muon nuclear capture reaction, and is converted to carbon-15, and then nitrogen-15 is generated after the half-life of carbon-15 has elapsed. (B2) A diagram illustrating the muon nuclear fusion of nitrogen-15.(In B1, nitrogen-15 can be converted to carbon-15, but the effective nuclear charge Z of carbon-15 is lower than that of nitrogen-15, so it is assumed that the fusion reaction will continue.) <Fig. 23> An explanatory diagram of an assumed nuclear transmutation and fusion system using muons, taking into account the muon nuclear capture reaction when ammonia containing nitrogen-15 is irradiated with muons. <Fig. 24> An explanatory diagram of an assumed nuclear transmutation and fusion system using muons, taking into account the muon nuclear capture reaction when boron hydride containing boron-11 (a system of boron hydride anion and lithium cation) is irradiated with muons. <Fig. 25> An explanatory diagram of the neutrino communication system 1NUT-COM and the muon communication system 1MU-COM. <Fig. 26> An explanatory diagram of the neutrino communication system 1NUT-COM, which has a section 2MS-NUT-GRAV that separates neutrinos of different masses. <Fig. 27> An explanatory diagram of a configuration in which muons M1 are irradiated onto a target T1 in a container 4D-MUCF / 4T-MUCF equipped with a coil 2COIL, and the target T1 is confined and moved by a magnetic field. <Fig. 28> Fig. 1 in the upper left of Fig. 28 is an explanatory diagram of system 1 using a vacuum pump 4RFP that uses a deep eutectic solvent or the like as the working liquid. (An example in which a Sprengel pump type is used as pump 1) Fig. 2 in the upper right of Fig. 28 is an explanatory diagram of system 1. (An explanatory diagram of system 1 using a food pump as pump 2. Here, the type of pump may be a pump using a working liquid such as a liquid ring pump or a rotary pump.) Fig. 3 in the lower left of Fig. 28 is a comparison diagram of a vacuum evacuation system including a low vacuum pump RP and a high vacuum pump FP, and the vacuum pump 4RFP / system 1 of the present invention, and is an explanatory diagram of the combination. Fig. 4 in the lower right of Fig. 28 is an explanatory diagram of a general liquid ring pump and rotary pump. (For example, NADES and ionic liquid IL are used for the working liquid, liquid seal, liquid seal ring, and seal parts) <Fig. 29> Fig. 29 is an explanatory diagram of one of the coils of the annular vacuum vessel 4D. (Annular vacuum vessel: doughnut, annular vacuum chamber, plasma vessel 4D, 4D-T, 4D-ST, 4D-H included. Coil 4C-EDL) <Fig. 30> Fig. 30 is an explanatory diagram of the annular vacuum vessel. (A rotating means 4ROT for the annular vacuum vessel may be provided.)<Fig. 31> Fig. 31 is an explanatory diagram of a vacuum vessel using a motor and bearings as a rotating means 4ROT (4ROT is a motor / rocket motor)<Fig. 32> Fig. 32 is an explanatory diagram of a vacuum vessel equipped with a thruster (thrust device 4ROT-TH)<Fig. 33> Fig. 33(A) is an explanatory diagram of a cylindrical tubular vacuum vessel (4T, 4T-IN) rotating in the circumferential direction / theta direction of the cylinder (an example of rotating a cylindrical tubular vacuum vessel used for magnetic mirror type, magnetic field inversion configuration type, etc.), (B) is an explanatory diagram of a cylindrical vessel 4T / 4T-MUCF. <Fig. 34> Assumed example of muon nuclear fusion / nuclear transmutation with deuterated carbon-12, which is a compound of deuterium and carbon-12. (A) Assumed example of muon nuclear fusion / nuclear transmutation of methane CD4, which is made of carbon-12 and deuterium D. (B) Assumed example of muon nuclear fusion / nuclear transmutation of deuterated carbon, a polymer / resin, which is a compound of deuterium and carbon-12. Specific example: Assumed example of muon nuclear fusion in deuterium carbide molecule (C2D4)n. <Fig. 35> Assumed example explanatory diagram of muon nuclear fusion of H and F atoms in polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF resin. (In some forms, the PVDF part may serve as both the target part T1 and the muon decelerator 2MUDECE) <Fig. 36> Assumed example explanatory diagram of a muon nuclear fusion system in which the target part T1 and decelerator 2MUDECE are arranged in the coil 2COIL, and muons may be confined in T1 in the magnetic container and magnetic field cage 2MAGC in the coil. (Here, T1·decelerator 2MUDECE is a capacitor element 2FDELE-PVDF using PVDF·decelerator·element 2FDELE-PVDF using two electrodes, which may contain atoms for the T1 part (hydrogen and fluorine-19) for muon nuclear fusion. Also, coil 2COIL and magnetic field cage 2MAGC may be helical coil 2COIL-Helical, helical magnetic field cage 2MAGC-Helical.) <Figure 37> An explanatory diagram of a system including a control unit, power supply, auxiliary equipment, etc. when driving the device of Figure 36. (Voltage may be applied to capacitor elements 2FDELE-PVDF and 2FDELE-LAM-PVDF from power supply 2PWSP.) <Figure 38> Negative muon decelerator / positive muon accelerator using capacitor elements. [Voltage may be applied to capacitor elements 2FDELE-PVDF and 2FDELE-LAM-PVDF from power supply 2PWSP. An explanatory diagram of a configuration that can decelerate negative muons and accelerate positive muons (capable of separating positive and negative muons).In the figure, the insulator / dielectric part is an example of PVDF, but it may be another insulator such as diamond.] <Fig. 39> Example of arrangement of decelerator / capacitor element and T1. <Fig. 40> Diagram of device used as capacitor element / muon decelerator / muon accelerator by attaching electrodes to six faces of insulator / dielectric cube for decelerating velocity components in three-dimensional XYZ directions. <Fig. 41> Diagram of attempting to change the orbit, attitude, and motion of threatening meteorite MTO by detonating and injecting propellant using muon nuclear fusion system. A muon fusion fuel T1-loaded container 4T-MUCF is placed (using meteorite exploration robots 5 and 5WKR) on the threatening meteorite MTO, and muons or neutrinos or particles are irradiated (from the installation location of 1NUT-TX) to the muon generator and muon decelerator installed in the container, causing muon fusion ignition and blasting of T1 in the container 4T-MUCF from a remote location (the installation location), and the explosive force is used to blast and intercept the MTO, or to change the meteorite's trajectory, direction or attitude. <Fig. 42> An explanatory diagram of the attempt to split and pulverize the meteorite MTO by blasting it from inside the meteorite using a muon fusion system using T1 loaded in a hole opened inside the meteorite MTO. A diagram of an explanatory diagram of how to open a borehole / hole 5T-HOLE in the threatening meteorite MTO, load T1 into the hole and seal it, place a container 4T-MUCF loaded with muon fusion fuel T1 (using meteorite exploration robots 5 and 5WKR), ignite T1 with muon fusion, blast and explode it, and cause a muon fusion explosion from inside the MTO, blast and explode the MTO, and split and decompose the MTO with the explosive force. <Fig. 43> An explanatory diagram of how to irradiate T1 inside a hole inside an iron meteorite, where radio waves are difficult to reach, with neutrinos that can penetrate iron walls from multiple irradiation points toward one point on T1, generate muons through a charged current reaction, and remotely explode it. <Fig. 44> An explanatory diagram of a metal / material heating / evaporation / removal / ablation device 5REMV-HEAD with a nuclear fusion part and alpha ray irradiation part. <Figure 45> An explanation of fuel T1 injection into an iron meteorite using a centrifuge gun, blast ball 3LOAD injection drilling, and T1 ignition. <Figure 46> An explanation of the structure 2LPST of the centrifuge gun. <Figure 47> An explanation of the detonation destruction of a muon nuclear fusion system with a neutrino-muon conversion unit (atoms, neutrons, and particles for conversion).<Figure 48>Explanatory diagram of a submarine 3SUBM including a muon fusion reactor and a muon / neutrino transmitter / receiver. <Figure 49>Explanatory diagram of a muography system for obtaining muography / CT of celestial bodies, satellites, and meteorites MTO. (Explanatory diagram of a CT system using muons and neutrinos. Explained diagram that the transmitter and receiver of muons, etc. may be mounted on a spacecraft / spacecraft 3 to obtain a transmission image of a large meteorite / celestial body. 3 may communicate with each other via a wireless communication network 1NETWORK.) <Figure 50>Explanatory diagram of a muography system for obtaining muography / CT of a human body / object. <Figure 51>Explanatory diagram of an aircraft / spacecraft 3 including a muon fusion reactor and a muon / neutrino transmitter / receiver. <Figure 52>Explanatory diagram / assumed diagram when the energy of charged alpha rays / particles / photons with kinetic energy generated in a muon fusion reactor is extracted as electricity or power and used in the propulsion device of a transportation device 3. <Fig. 53> An explanatory diagram of one example of a case where the energy of charged alpha rays, particles, and photons having kinetic energy generated in a muon fusion reactor is used in a rocket propulsion device. The upper part of the figure is an example of a solid rocket. The lower part of the figure is an example of a solid-type self-feeding rocket. <Fig. 54> An explanatory diagram of a device including a pressurizing section of the fuel T1 section of a reciprocating engine type. <Fig. 55> An explanatory diagram of a lepton collider type muon generation device. (Or an explanatory diagram of a particle collision type muon generation device. A particle accelerator using a laser or LWF for lepton acceleration may be used.) <Form for carrying out the invention> <0019> Figure 1 is 1. Focusing on the trap problem of muon catalyzed nuclear fusion, we have devised a muon catalyzed nuclear fusion system using boron, as shown in M1, T1, and B1 in Figure 1. As an actual use form of Figure 1, the form of a spaceship or exploration robot 3 that travels between planets and stars where sunlight does not reach is shown in Figure 5. <1> <0020> Figure 1 is an explanatory diagram of the present invention's device / system that uses boron for the fuel F1 and the target T1. *This system uses muons and protons, so some equipment such as an accelerator is required. A vacuum is required to operate the accelerator. If the accelerator is placed in outer space, the vacuum of outer space may be used. <2> <0021> 2 is an explanatory diagram of the device / system of the present invention that uses lithium for the fuel F1 and the target T1. Lithium has a lower melting point than boron.<Industrial Applicability> <0022> Although it is necessary to secure resources such as boron and lithium, it may be possible to create a power source through nuclear fusion. This invention uses accelerators that require a vacuum, and generates alpha rays that are expected to be emitted at high speeds. As shown in Figure 5, it may be possible to use this for the propulsion device of a spacecraft traveling through the vacuum of outer space. <0023> <Fig. 1, Fig. 3> 1F-SYS: An explanatory diagram of a muon catalyzed nuclear fusion system that utilizes a nuclear fusion reaction using boron and protons. M1: Means of muon generation, means of injecting and irradiating a nuclear fusion fuel target T1 with muons. Example: A system using a particle accelerator capable of generating muons. P1: Means of proton generation, means of injecting and irradiating a nuclear fusion fuel target T1 with protons. Example: A particle accelerator capable of accelerating protons and bombarding and irradiating a target. Elements of nuclear fusion fuel in a boron-proton nuclear fusion reaction system. N1: Means of neutron generation, means of injecting and irradiating a nuclear fusion fuel target T1 with neutrons. Example: A particle accelerator capable of accelerating neutrons and bombarding and irradiating a target. A1: Particle accelerator A1. T1: Target part containing nuclear fusion fuel. Nuclear fusion fuel T1, F1. B1: Part of T1 that uses boron. Boron target. Boron may be molten. L1: Part of T1 that uses lithium. Lithium target. The lithium may be molten liquid lithium. EX1: Product EX1 after nuclear fusion. In FIG. 1, FIG. 3, etc., helium He·alpha ray generated after nuclear fusion. <FIG. 5> 3: Transport equipment 1R: 1F-SYS, which is a nuclear fusion reactor. A nuclear fusion reactor including 1F-SYS. A power generation unit that converts the energy of alpha rays into electric energy may be provided. 1GENR: Power generation unit (a part that converts the energy obtained by the nuclear fusion system 1F-SYS or the nuclear transmutation system 1EXP-SYS into electric power) *Although not specified in FIG. 5, the electric power derived from nuclear fusion generated by 1EXP-SYS, 1F-SYS, and 1R may be supplied to the muon generating unit M1 or the proton generating unit P1 and used to generate muons and protons. The electric power may be used to drive the system of the present invention and each part of the system. 1TH: A nuclear fusion application propulsion device, thrust generating device including 1F-SYS. Propulsion means. Moving means. (If 3 is a spacecraft, 1TH may be a particle beam emitter for alpha rays, gamma rays, photons, particles, etc. If 3 is an aircraft, 1TH may be a propellant ejection section that takes in propellant and air using the power obtained in 1GENR, heats and compresses it, and ejects it behind 3, or it may be an electrically powered propeller section. If 3 is a ship, it is a section that can rotate a propeller or generate a water current using the power obtained in 1GENR.In the case where 3 is a robot with an arm or a vehicle that moves on land, it may be a wheel, tire, motor, or a motor arm of a robot that may be driven by the power obtained in 1GENR. )1TH-NZ: Nozzle part of 1TH. When the product EX1 after nuclear fusion is energetic helium or alpha rays, this nozzle part emits the alpha rays. It may be a thrust deflector or nozzle. The alpha rays may be irradiated onto a propellant, which may be heated and ejected. *Apart from 1TH-NZ, a propulsion device that uses the power generated in 1R to propel an ion thruster or a photon laser to generate a reaction force may be operated. <Figure 6> System using diborane B2H6 BH1: B1 is a substance containing boron and is boron hydride, diborane, or borane. T1 and F1 are diborane. Target for diborane. Diborane and BH1 may be gas, liquid, fluid, or (solid). (The configuration of FIG. 7 using a fluid is also possible.) In the system of FIG. 6, diborane containing hydrogen and protons is used, so the proton introduction part P1 described in FIG. 1 and the like is not necessary. <FIG. 7> 1F-SYS-RAM: Nuclear fusion system. (An assumed diagram when a system using the diborane of the present application is applied to a system in which a nuclear fusion fuel fluid having a known ramjet part circulates in a closed loop system.) RAM: Ram pressure generating device part when compressing in a ramjet system. PBH1: Compressed BH1 part. Muon target part with compressed diborane fluid part. FP: Nuclear fusion reaction part, muon irradiation part. FEEDC: Part that removes helium from the diborane fluid circulating in the system, removes excess material, and adds necessary material, diborane as fuel. Feed control part. Fuel supply system, fuel control system. Helium (He) removal part, diborane fuel supply part, etc. HX: Heat exchanger ENEX: Although not shown in the figure, a device part that generates electricity based on alpha rays and nuclear fusion energy, a power generation part. It may be included in the system. PUMP: Compressor, pump. Pressurizes, compresses, and circulates the fluid in the system. Driven by a motor, etc. (Powered by electricity from the power generation unit) M1: Muon generation unit, muon irradiation unit. (Powered by electricity from the power generation unit) EX1: Helium generated after nuclear fusion (which needs to be removed).<0024> <Other> In this application, we use a system in which the positive charge of the nucleus of the nuclear fuel material (e.g. B, Li) is greater than that of the fusion product (e.g. He), in order to keep the negatively charged muon in the nucleus of the nuclear fuel material. The intention is that the muon will be more stable in terms of Coulomb force, charge, electric field, and electricity if it is located in the fusion fuel rather than in the fusion product. *For example, if there is an impurity with an atomic number Z greater than that of boron in a boron system, according to the idea of ​​this application, the impurity with a Z greater than that of boron may trap the muon and stop the reaction. (For example, considering sodium borohydride NaBH4, which is used as a raw material for diborane, sodium has a Z greater than boron, and according to the idea of ​​this application, the muon should be trapped by the Na in NaBH4.) <0025> Although the invention of this application and the embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, substitutions, and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. <0026> <<Additional portions based on an application claiming priority>> The following items have been added to the previous application, Patent Application No. 2023-150635. <0027> In Fig. 1, protons are irradiated onto boron, but as shown in Fig. 6, borane, diborane B2H6, or boron hydride, which is a compound in which boron, protons, and hydrogen atoms are bonded together, may be used for the target part T1. For example, liquefied diborane may be used for the fusion fuel F1 or the target part T1. The system in Fig. 6 uses diborane containing hydrogen and protons, so there may be an advantage in that the proton introduction part P1 shown in Fig. 1 etc. is not required. <0028> Fig. 7 shows the 1F-SYS-RAM system, which pressurizes, compresses, and circulates diborane, irradiates it with muons, and induces nuclear fusion. (Fig. 7 is one embodiment of Fig. 6.) Fig. 7 is a hypothetical diagram of the application of a system using the diborane of the present invention to a system in which a known nuclear fusion fuel fluid having a ramjet section circulates in a closed loop system. <0029> Diborane in the 1F-SYS-RAM system in Figure 7 is pressurized, compressed and circulated by the compressor PUMP. The pressurized fluid diborane is further compressed by the compressor section RAM to form the compressed BH1 section (PBH1 section).Muons are irradiated from the muon irradiator M1 to PBH1, promoting nuclear fusion. (Because diborane is compressed, its density is high, making it easier for it to come into contact with muons, and it is hoped that this will facilitate the catalytic nuclear fusion reaction.) <0030> The system 1F-SYS-RAM in Figure 7 has the advantage that protons and boron can be supplied to the system together as diborane, a bond between hydrogen and boron. Not only is the proton introduction section P1 unnecessary, but it is also possible to add fuel to the system and remove He (degassing) from the system. (The feed control section FEEDC is used for the helium He removal section, diborane fuel supply section, etc.) <0031> Also, considering the tendency for impurities with atomic numbers larger than that of boron to be mixed in, diborane, which is a gas that can be purified, may be better than solid boron. (Solid boron needs to be produced, purified, and refined as a solid crystal.) As mentioned in paragraph 0024 of this application using sodium borohydride NaBH4 as an example, this application does not favor the presence of atoms with atomic numbers larger than the atomic number of the fusion fuel, post-nuclear fusion products EX1, or impurities in the fuel. <0032> In addition, in the systems of Figures 1, 3, 6, 7, etc. of this application, it is not assumed that there are atoms with atomic numbers larger than the atomic number of the fusion fuel, post-nuclear fusion products EX1, or impurities in the path of the muon. For example, it is assumed that there are no atmospheric molecular atoms (such as nitrogen N and oxygen O) with atomic numbers larger than boron B. If nitrogen N exists, it may be trapped. In the configuration of this application, it may be necessary to take care to avoid atoms with atomic numbers larger than the boron fuel (or other candidate elements and atoms such as lithium). <0033> <Document name> <1> A muon catalyzed fusion system that uses a fusion reaction system in which the charge of the nuclei of the atoms / particles produced by the fusion reaction is smaller than the charge of the nuclei of the atoms of the nuclear fuel material. <2> 2. The muon catalyzed fusion system of claim 1, wherein the fusion fuel comprises boron or lithium, and the atoms / particles produced by the fusion reaction are helium alpha particles. <3> 3. A muon catalyzed nuclear fusion system as described in claim 2, wherein the fuel is in a liquid or fluid state.<4> A muon catalyzed nuclear fusion system according to 1, characterized in that the system is characterized in that neutrons are not easily generated by the nuclear fusion reaction, the nuclear fusion fuel is boron or boron hydride, and the atoms or particles generated by the nuclear fusion reaction are helium or alpha rays. <Document name> Document <><Problem> In known muon catalyzed nuclear fusion, there was a problem that muons were attached, captured, or trapped by helium, which is a product of nuclear fusion, rather than by nuclear fusion fuel materials such as hydrogen, deuterium D, or tritium T, and catalytic nuclear fusion stopped. We wanted to solve the problem that muons are captured by the product of nuclear fusion rather than by the nuclear fusion fuel material, making it difficult for the muon catalyzed nuclear fusion reaction to proceed. We also wanted to devise a system that is characterized in that when atomic nuclei fuse in muon catalyzed nuclear fusion, the charge of the nucleus of the material generated by nuclear fusion is smaller than the charge of the nucleus of the atom that becomes the nuclear fusion fuel. Specifically, we propose a muon-catalyzed fusion system that uses diborane, which contains protons and boron, or protons and boron as hydrogen molecules, as the fusion fuel. <0034> <<Additional portions based on applications claiming priority>> The following items have been added to the earlier applications, Patent Application No. 2023-150635 and Patent Application No. 2023-151787. <0035> <Figure 8: When P1 and M1 in Figure 5 are mixed together as muonic hydrogen on the same ray line and introduced into the target part> In this application, protons P1 and muons M1 can be mixed together on the same ray line and irradiated onto the target part T1 as shown in Figure 5. As shown in Figure 5, by using a particle accelerator A1, protons P1 as fuel and muons M1 as catalyst can be mixed together on the same ray line and irradiated onto the target part T1 containing boron. <0036> In addition, in this application, as shown in FIG. 5, a particle accelerator A1 or a neutral beam injector NBI can be used to irradiate and inject electrically neutral muonic hydrogen atoms MP1 (or, in some cases, electrically neutral muonic hydrogen molecules MP12 consisting of two muonic hydrogen atoms) formed by combining a fuel proton P1 with a catalytic muon M1 (muon M1) into the boron hydride of the target section T1. (Alternatively, MP1 or MP12 can be mixed with boron hydride and injected into the target section for compression.)) Then, when muonic hydrogen atoms MP1 are irradiated and injected into the pressurized boron hydride in the target section T1, the muonic hydrogen atoms MP1 and boron hydride are pressurized in the injection path or near the target section T1 (MP1 and boron hydride, and MP12 and boron hydride can also be mixed by pressure inside the gas fluid), forming a mixture MP1-XBH of muonic hydrogen atoms and boron hydride. The mixture MP1-XBH of muonic hydrogen atoms and boron hydride is transported under pressure to the RAM section (RAM), where it is further pressurized and compressed to become a compressed mixture PMP1-XMB. The mixture MP1-XBH of muonic hydrogen atoms MP1 and MP12 and boron hydride compressed in the RAM section (compressed mixture PMP1-XMB) is increased in temperature during the muon catalytic reaction and in density per volume of muons, protons, and boron, resulting in muons. This leads to the promotion of catalytic nuclear fusion reactions. In addition, the mixture MP1-XMB can be pressurized and compressed to a high temperature using the ram part in a ramjet system, and the mixture MP1-XBH of muonic hydrogen atoms MP1 / MP12 and boron hydride can increase the temperature during muon catalytic reactions and the density per volume of muons, protons, and boron, as well as the muon catalytic reactions can be carried out under conditions of high temperature and active molecular and particle motion. In this application, muonic hydrogen atoms are used to increase the temperature during muon catalytic reactions, the density per volume of muons, protons, and boron, and the thermal motion of muons, protons, and boron, thereby promoting muon catalytic nuclear fusion reactions. <0037> When a single muon (muon beam) is irradiated onto the surface of boron, the surface of lithium, or the surface of a gas or fluid of boron hydride, the muons become negatively charged and repel each other, which may make it impossible to gather or compress them at one point, so as shown in Figure 8 of this application, muons are combined with protons of proton-boron fuel to convert the charge to neutrons, and the muons and proton-boron fuel are compressed and densely gathered at one place, bringing more muons and fuel closer together to promote muon-catalyzed nuclear fusion. *Due to the problem of the negative charge of muons, muons may repel each other electrically and be difficult to compress at one place, but by combining muons with protons and hydrogen nuclei (which are also fuel in boron-proton nuclear fusion) and electrically neutralizing them as muonic hydrogen atoms MP1 (or MP12), it becomes possible to compress them without the electrical repulsion. <0038> Lithium hydride has a high melting point and usually exists as a solid or liquid. Lithium hydride is more difficult to turn into a gas than boron hydride. As mentioned above, lithium hydride and solid boron are solid at room temperature and pressure, so they are more difficult to mix than boron hydride, which is a gas at room temperature and pressure, and it may be difficult to compress them by pumping them to the ram section. On the other hand, MP1 and MP12, which is thought to be a gas, can be mixed with boron hydride, which is a gas, using pressure or other means to mix, and then pressurize and pump them to the ram section, where they can be further compressed and adiabatically heated. <0039> While known DT reactions require a maximum of two muons, lithium and protons require four muons, and boron requires six muons, so it may be necessary to compress and confine the muons, protons, and boron in a limited space.Compared to the known DT reaction system, the p-11B reaction system considered in this application may require mixing muons and fusion fuel, confining them in one place, and increasing the density to react with the fusion fuel. Therefore, in this application, we use the electrically neutral muonic hydrogen atom MP1 and boron hydride, mix them, compress them, confine them in one place, and increase the density to attempt to cause muon-catalyzed fusion (or muon-assisted fusion). <0040> <Muon-catalyzed nuclear fusion in flight> Muonic hydrogen atoms MP1 have a smaller Bohr radius and a lower Coulomb barrier (or are easier to tunnel quantum mechanically) than hydrogen atoms consisting of normal protons and electrons, so they fly toward other atoms and are expected to easily undergo nuclear fusion (muon-catalyzed nuclear fusion in flight) reactions when they collide with or approach other atoms. Muonic hydrogen atoms that collide with boron at high speed then generate energetic alpha rays, which are used to heat boron hydride, and when the boron hydride passes through the heat exchanger HX, it transfers thermal energy to an external steam generator, etc., and the thermal energy and kinetic energy are transferred from the steam generator supplied with water to the turbine generator 1PP, which rotates and operates the steam turbine generator 1PP to generate electricity. <0041> In FIG. 8, MP1 or a mixture of MP1 and boron MP1-XMB proceeds from the part MP1 that is the source of muonic hydrogen atoms MP1 or the neutral particle beam injector NBI / particle accelerator A1 through a path or route S1 filled with boron hydride (B2H6, etc.), through the nozzle part NZ, and toward the target part T1 / RAM part RAM. At that time, the muonic hydrogen atoms MP1 may react with the boron hydride on the path S1. *When MP1 is injected onto the surface of solid boron, molten boron, or solid or liquid lithium hydride, it is expected that a nuclear fusion reaction will occur on the surface and energy will be generated, and as an example of this application, it may be possible to promote muon-catalyzed nuclear fusion when solid or liquid boron, lithium hydride, or lithium is used as the target T1. (However, it may not be possible to promote nuclear fusion by compressing the mixture, mixed fluid, or mixed gas MP1-XMB of MP1 / MP12 and boron hydride as shown in FIG. 8 or above to a high density and high temperature.) <0042> Symbols etc. <Figure 8> 1F-SYS-MP1, 1F-SYS-MP1-RAM: Nuclear fusion system using a mixture of muonic hydrogen atoms and fuel Muonic hydrogen atoms MP1: AMP1: Muonic hydrogen atom generating irradiation unit (particle accelerator A1, neutral particle beam irradiation device NBI, etc., which can generate MP1 and MP12 and inject / inject them.) S1: Route S1 (including a mixture of MP1 and boron hydride) MP1-XMB: A mixture of MP1 and boron hydride / diborane. Or a mixture of hydrogen and boron / (carbon / )nitrogen / oxygen / fluorine, etc. Or a part / mixture part containing a compound in which the raw atomic nuclei of the first atomic number ZA and the raw atomic nuclei of the second atomic number ZAA required for nuclear fusion are chemically bonded. PMP1-XMB: Mixture MP1-XMB compressed (and / or heated) by compression means such as RAM, or mixture MP1-XMB compressed (and / or heated) by compression means such as RAM. RAM: Compression means such as a RAM unit. Inertial confinement fusion is known in which a fuel pellet is irradiated and confined at the fusion site by laser irradiation (when the RAM section is of the laser confinement / inertial confinement type, the wavelength of the laser light may be a short wavelength on the blue, ultraviolet, X-ray or gamma ray side so that the momentum of the photons can be increased), and in this application, the target section / mixture may be compressed by a laser in the compression section RAM section. (A muon injection process may be added to the laser confinement type inertial confinement fusion.) The RAM section may irradiate lasers, ion beams, and ion beams containing raw material atoms from multiple launchers so as to converge on the part containing the raw material atoms (Figure 9). (It may also be an inertial type such as a Z-pinch or magnetized target type that can compress the raw material atoms and trap them by inertia.) In the RAM section, using a laser or ramjet mechanism, the raw material atoms that are the fuel needed for nuclear fusion, or the compound or mixture in which the raw material atoms are chemically bonded together, are compressed and heated by a laser or other device while being irradiated with muons. This increases the molecular and atomic motion within the compound molecules or of the compound or mixture, and as a result, the particles that are bonded to the muon are more likely to approach each other due to thermal motion, making it easier to cause nuclear fusion by approach, muon nuclear fusion, and muon catalyzed nuclear fusion. It is also intended that after nuclear fusion, the muons that act as catalysts are released and then brought into close proximity to the next raw material atoms and captured, and this is repeated, making it easier to cause the next catalytic reaction. (Even if liquid hydrogen, DT, DD, or TT cooled to extremely low temperatures are irradiated with muons, the temperature is low and there is a risk that the effect of bringing the raw material atoms closer together due to thermal motion will be low. However, if muons, muonic atoms, or muonic hydrogen are introduced into a part compressed and heated by a laser or ramjet section, etc., a proximity effect due to compression or thermal motion can be expected.) NZ: Nozzle section 1 PP: Steam turbine generator HX: Heat exchanger, steam generating section, steam pipe, cooling pipe 1 BKT: A section that receives flying particles that have energy due to nuclear fusion reactions such as neutrons and gamma rays and converts them into thermal energy, etc., and can be used as energy. A blanket 1 BKT may be present. When a RAM or reaction vessel section, a vessel section RAM for packing and ramming the FEED, or a wall of the reaction vessel are located near the section where the nuclear reaction occurs, a blanket 1 BKT may be placed in the RAM section or within the vessel wall. AEC: Alpha ray energy converter (a device that receives alpha rays and converts them into electricity. An AEC may use alpha rays from titanium oxide or other materials to generate radicals, which decompose water (like in a photocatalytic reaction) to obtain hydrogen and oxygen, and then provide or output energy to the outside of the system in the form of hydrogen or chemical energy. *AEC may be an alpha-voltaic cell. *The AEC part may receive the energy of alpha rays and generate photons of synchrotron radiation (of bremsstrahlung). The energy of the photons of this radiation may be used to cause chemical substances to undergo chemical or photochemical reactions. The photons may be irradiated onto the part to be heated to manufacture substances, or to heat or inject propellants or steam.The wavelength of the photons of the radiation light may be converted to long-wavelength photons using a means for converting the wavelength to a long-wavelength side, and the long-wavelength photons may be received by a photoelectric conversion element and photoelectrically converted to obtain electricity, which may then be outputted from the system, or if the long-wavelength photons have energy capable of undergoing a photocatalytic reaction with a photocatalyst, they may be converted into hydrogen energy by inducing a photocatalytic reaction that produces hydrogen and oxygen from water. If the long-wavelength photons have a wavelength capable of dissociating the bonds within carbon dioxide and nitrogen molecules and causing a photochemical reaction, the carbon dioxide may be dissociated and converted into energy for chemical substances such as carbon, carbon compounds, and nitrogen compounds, which may then be outputted from the system. <0043> <1> A muon catalyzed fusion system, in which the fusion fuel contains protons (P1) and boron (B1), and the atoms / particles generated after the fusion fuel is fused by a muon catalyzed fusion reaction or a muon-assisted fusion reaction using a muon are helium-alpha rays, and the fusion fuel uses boron hydride, and the muon catalyzed fusion system has the characteristic that muonic hydrogen atoms, which are electrically neutralized by binding muons (M1) and protons (P1), are input / injected into the boron hydride to form a mixture of muonic hydrogen atoms and boron hydride (MP1-XMB), and the muon catalyzed fusion system has the characteristic that muonic hydrogen atoms ... irradiated by a muonic hydrogen atom irradiating means (NBI a muon catalyzed nuclear fusion system having a feature of feeding / injecting muonic hydrogen atoms into the boron hydride using a first pressurizing means (PUMP), the mixture (MP1-XMB) being pressurized by a first pressurizing means (PUMP), the mixture (MP1-XMB) being mixed by a first pressurizing means (PUMP), the mixture (MP1-XMB) being compressed by a second pressurizing means (PUMP) to a pressure higher than the pressure by the first pressurizing means (becoming a compressed mixture PMP1-XMB) and being heated (Figure 8, 1SYS-MP1). <2> The muon catalyzed nuclear fusion system described in 1 (Figure 8, 1SYS-MP1-RAM) is characterized in that the second pressurization means is performed in a compression section using a ram section (RAM) of a ramjet.<0044> <<Addendum for application claiming priority>> The following items were added to the previous application, Patent Application No. 2023-150635, Patent Application No. 2023-151787, and Patent Application No. 2023-174791. <<<Examples of systems with decreasing atomic number Z>>> In addition to systems using boron-11, this application also discloses systems using nitrogen-15. (At the time of filing, it is necessary to confirm whether nuclear fusion using boron-11 or nitrogen-15 occurs using muons. The above system may be a nuclear fusion system, or an experimental system related to atomic nuclei in physics.) The following examples of boron-11 and nitrogen-15 are one example of the invention to be expressed by the present invention. Consider elements with atomic numbers Z from 3 (lithium) to 9 (fluorine) as in Group A in Figure 2 of this application. <<Boron-11 System>> A fusion reaction is known in which protons and boron-11 are fused to produce three helium-4 (alpha rays) and energy. (p+11B->3×4He+8.7MeV) Molecules in which boron atoms and hydrogen atoms are chemically bonded may be used as the source material or fusion fuel before the fusion reaction. For example, boron hydride, borane, or diborane may be used. When using boron hydride, which is a compound of hydrogen and boron-11, the atoms are bonded within the molecule, so the atoms can be brought close to each other in advance. When boron and protons are brought close to each other and irradiated with muons, boron is a solid by itself (it remains liquid even when heated to high temperatures), and even if hydrogen raw material is blown into boron, hydrogen comes into contact with the solid surface of boron, so muon-catalyzed fusion could also occur on the surface of solid boron. Therefore, in this application, by using a bulk fluid, gas, or liquid of boron hydride as the source material, in which protons and boron-15, the raw materials for the nuclear fusion reaction, are brought close to each other by chemical or covalent bonds, the first raw material atom (proton) and the second raw material molecule (boron-11, the same applies to the case of nitrogen-15 described below) involved in the nuclear fusion reaction can be arranged in an arrangement that makes it easy to approach each other, or the two raw material atoms are mixed in advance and arranged in close proximity to each other, so boron hydride B2H6, nitrogen hydride NH3, etc. are preferably used. Muons or muonic hydrogen may also be irradiated and introduced. <0045> <<System using nitrogen-15>> Nuclear fusion reaction is known in which protons and nitrogen-15 are fused to produce carbon-12, helium-4 (alpha rays), and energy (naturally, the reaction in stars in the CNO cycle reaction is known to produce carbon-12 and helium-4 from nitrogen-15 and protons). (p+15N->12C+4He+5.0MeV) In this application, hydrogen molecules and nitrogen-15 molecules consisting of only nitrogen-15 are mixed to produce a liquid mixture, a gaseous mixture, or a fluid mixture, and the above-mentioned nuclear fusion may be caused in this mixture using the muon, and may be used in a nuclear fusion system. Also, as in the example of boron hydride, molecules in which nitrogen atoms and hydrogen atoms are chemically bonded, such as ammonia NH3, may be used as a source material or nuclear fusion fuel before the nuclear fusion reaction. For example, hydrogen nitride, azan, and ammonia NH3 may be used. (Azan and diazane may be used.) Muons or muonic hydrogen may be irradiated and introduced.<Use of azan, ammonia molecules, and fluid / gas ammonia> For example, a muon can be irradiated onto ammonia 15NH3, which is made up of nitrogen 15 and hydrogen, and the muon can bond with and replace the electrons of the nitrogen 15 and hydrogen atoms in the ammonia 15NH3 molecule, shortening the radius of the atoms and bringing the nuclei of the nitrogen 15 and hydrogen atoms closer together to induce nuclear fusion of the two nuclei, thereby initiating a nuclear fusion reaction. (A muon can be used to induce a nuclear fusion reaction that produces 12C and 4He from p+15N in a gaseous, liquid, or fluid ammonia molecule that contains 15N and P.) <0046> <Use of organic compounds and molecules containing nitrogen-15> For example, there is an organic compound CHN15 consisting of carbon, nitrogen-15, and hydrogen, and the compound may be a compound CHN15 in which nitrogen-15 and hydrogen are bonded. Or, the compound CHN15 may be a compound having a molecular structure characterized by the proximity of nitrogen-15 and hydrogen, which are fusion fuel and raw material atoms, within the compound CHN15 molecule. When the organic compound CHN15 is irradiated with muons and the muons bring the nitrogen-15 and hydrogen in CHN15 into close proximity, carbon-12 is generated within the compound, but the muons are intended to continue the catalytic reaction by muons by binding to another nitrogen-15 present in the vicinity within the bulk of the compound from the carbon-12. (For example, an example of a simple compound is methylamine CH3-15NH3, which becomes a liquid, gas, or fluid that contains nitrogen-15 (15N).) Although boranes and ammonia are gases, they are toxic and corrosive, and the gas must be compressed into tanks, so they must be handled with care. However, organic compounds that allow hydrogen to be placed in close proximity to nitrogen-15, such as the carbon-nitrogen-15-hydrogen compound CHN15, are less corrosive and toxic than borane and ammonia, and can be stored in tanks as a gas or liquid substance CHN15 (without compressing and liquefying it into a cylinder and sealing it), and the fuel substance CHN15 can be transported to areas where it is needed, or to power generation systems.Then, when it is supplied to the nuclear fusion system, reactor, or reaction furnace, the liquid compound CHN15 is heated, and the liquid with changed physical properties such as viscosity or the gas or vapor CHN15 can be circulated or compressed inside a reactor with a compression section. By using the compound CHN15, which can be a liquid nuclear fusion fuel, and transporting it in the city like volatile oil while reducing toxicity and corrosiveness compared to borane and ammonia, it may be easier to transport it to the power generation system. The compound CHN15 may have the following characteristics: for atoms in the compound, the atomic number ZA of the raw material atom with the largest atomic number that undergoes the nuclear fusion reaction, and the atomic number ZB of the atom generated by the nuclear fusion reaction with the largest atomic number, ZB is equal to or less than the atomic number ZA; in the case of using nitrogen-15, the raw material atom nitrogen-15 has atomic number 7 (the atomic number ZA is 7), and carbon-12 produced by the reaction of nitrogen-15 with a proton has atomic number 6 (the atomic number ZB is 6), and the atomic number ZB is equal to or less than the atomic number ZA. In the case of using nitrogen-15, even if carbon-12 is produced by a nuclear fusion reaction, the carbon-12 contained in the original compound CHN15 (for example, as the carbon skeleton of an organic compound) and the positive charge of the nucleus are the same, and it is assumed that the muon moves toward another nitrogen-15 whose nucleus has a more positive charge than the carbon-12 produced, is captured by nitrogen-15, produces carbon-12 and helium, and is then re-captured by nitrogen-15 repeatedly, causing the muon-catalyzed nuclear fusion reaction to continue. <0047> <Cross Section> In terms of the cross section of the nuclear reaction (*Reference B), *Hydrogen 1-H-1: 33.22 barns, *1-H-2: 4.70 *Lithium 6: 942.1 *Lithium 7: 1.22 *Beryllium 9: 7.33 *Boron 11: 5.96 *Nitrogen 15: 5.35 barns. Others are Fluorine 9: 4.23 and Carbon 12: 5.57. The cross sections of Nitrogen 15 and Boron 11 are between 5 and 6 barns. On the other hand, the cross section of Lithium 7 is about 1, which is smaller than the cross section of the Nitrogen-Boron case, so it may be preferable to use Boron 11 or Nitrogen 15 in terms of the cross section.[*Reference B: Japan Atomic Energy Agency website https: / / wwwndc.jaea.go.jp / jendl / j33 / J33_J.html, Internet, accessed November 17, 2023. The neutrons in each table are quoted from the Maxwellian Average of MT1. Although the cross section may differ in a system using actual muons and atoms, this is stated to consider the cross section during muon fusion by comparing burn values ​​under the same conditions between isotopes.〇Reference B:JENDL-3.3 - JAEA Nuclear Data CenterK. Shibata, T. Kawano, T. Nakagawa, O. Iwamoto, J. Katakura, T. Fukahori, S. Chiba, A. Hasegawa, T. Murata,H. Matsunobu, T. Ohsawa, Y. Nakajima, T. Yoshida, A. Zukeran, M. Kawai, M. Baba, M. Ishikawa, T. Asami, T. Watanabe, Y. Watanabe, M. Igashira, N. Yamamuro, H. Kitazawa, N. Yamano and H. Takano: "Japanese Evaluated Nuclear Data Library Version 3 Revision-3: JENDL-3.3," J. Nucl. Sci. Technol. 39, 1125 (2002).(Eds.) T. Nakagawa, H. Kawasaki and K. Shibata: "Curves and Tables of Neutron Cross Sections" in JENDL-3.3 (Part I and II)," JAERI-Data / Code 2002-020, Part I, Part II (2002).(Ed.) K. Shibata: "Descriptive Data of JENDL-3.3 (Part I and II)," JAERI-Data / Code 2002-026, Part I, Part II (2003).] <0048> <Systems using lithium> <Lithium 7> Systems using lithium 7 and protons have the characteristics of a low cross-sectional area, being difficult to turn into gas molecules, and existing as a solid liquid. Although they are used as materials for lithium ion batteries and the amount of resources is limited, they are disclosed as one example in this application. When using lithium, lithium hydride consisting of lithium 7 and hydrogen can be used. Muons are irradiated onto the surface of the liquid lithium hydride.p+7Li->2×4He+17.2MeV<Lithium-6> When lithium-6 (in this application, referred to as 6Li) and deuterium-D are used (when lithium-6 deuteride, 6LiD is used), it is presumed that the cross section of the nuclear fusion reaction of lithium-6 is larger than that of lithium-7, which is favorable for the nuclear fusion reaction. In this case, the compound of lithium-6 and deuterium-D, which is the source material FEED, may be heated by a heating means RAMH, for example, by a laser, radio wave, or electromagnetic wave. Alternatively, the mixture, FEED, and / or its containment vessel (the vessel or part that holds the FEED in the reaction system) may be heated by a heating means such as an electric resistance heater or an electric heating means, and the mixture FEED may be in a bulk liquid state. *Lithium-6 deuteride (6LiD), which is a bulk liquid that can be irradiated with muons, may also be used. Note that when deuterium-D and lithium-6 are used as shown below, a reaction that produces alpha rays, helium-4, protons, neutrons, etc. may occur. (Reaction equations related to lithium are shown in Group B of Figure 2.) D+6Li->2×4He (alpha rays)+22.4MeV D+6Li->7Li+p+5.0MeV D+6Li->4He (alpha rays)+p+2.6MeV D+6Li->3He (helium 3)+4He+n+1.8MeV *It may be possible to promote nuclear fusion using muons (and connect to a nuclear fusion system, nuclear fusion reactor, or nuclear fusion reactor) by chemically bonding (ionic bonding) lithium 6, which has a larger cross section than lithium 7, with deuterium to form a source material FEED, and placing the source material FEED in the target parts T1, FP, PBH1, and PMP1-XMB, which may be heated by heating means RAMH, and irradiating and injecting muons (muonic atoms) into the FEED placed therein. As mentioned above, in the case of the invention or device in which lithium-6, which has a large cross section, is chemically bonded with deuterium to form the source material FEED, the cross section can be made larger than when lithium-7, boron-11, nitrogen-15, or oxygen-18 is used with hydrogen or deuterium for nuclear fusion or muon nuclear fusion, which has the advantage of making it easier to achieve nuclear fusion. <0049> <System using beryllium> This is disclosed as one example of the present application. A system in which beryllium 9 and protons undergo a nuclear fusion reaction may be used. Beryllium hydride (BeH2) may be used as a source material to be irradiated when irradiating muons.Beryllium hydride is a solid and dissociates near its melting point, making it difficult or impossible to use as a fluid in a fusion system. p+9Be->4He+6Li+2.1MeVp+9Be->d+2×4He+0.6MeVBeryllium-9 is a stable isotope of natural beryllium and accounts for 100 percent of beryllium, making the isotope separation process unnecessary. Beryllium-9 (naturally exists in large proportions). It has a large cross section compared to lithium-7 (the other lithium isotopes present) (as well as boron-11 and nitrogen-15), and may be advantageous in terms of cross section when used in the present system. Beryllium boron hydride Be(BH4)2 is a compound consisting of boron, beryllium, hydrogen, and protons, and is a compound, inorganic compound, or inorganic polymer compound that can be arranged in a state in which boron-11 or beryllium-9 and hydrogen atoms are chemically bonded and placed in close proximity, and can also be used as one form of the present invention. This substance can be used as a liquid or solid. The reaction of boron-11 (Z=5) produces helium (Z=2), and the reaction of beryllium-9 (Z=4) produces lithium (Z=3) and helium and deuterium. However, the final product ZB group (helium, lithium, deuterium, ZB is 3) produced by these two reactions is the ZA group of fusion source atoms (boron-11, beryllium-9, hydrogen, ZA is 11 or 9). Since the ZA group of fusion source atoms has a larger positive charge than the final product lithium-6, which has a positive charge of 3, it can be assumed that negative muons will be more easily captured by the fusion source atoms and can be utilized. <0050> <Resources, etc.> In terms of resources in the universe and the Earth's sphere, oxygen-18 and oxygen-17, which have magic number 8, may be dominant. Nitrogen-15 and boron-11 are also dominant. Oxygen-18 and nitrogen-15 are contained in atmospheric nitrogen, and can be separated from other isotopes of atmospheric oxygen and nitrogen through oxygen and nitrogen distillation processes. Carbon is also abundant. The higher the atomic number, the more muons decay into electrons and neutrinos due to weak interactions (the lifetime of negative muons decreases), and since we want to take this effect into consideration for nitrogen-15 (Z=7), which has a larger Z than lithium (Z=3), this application does not restrict the use of lithium. (Since the lifetime of a negative muon is close to microseconds when Z is from about 1 to Z=10, if the time it acts as a catalyst in the nuclear fusion reaction can be kept to about microseconds, atoms up to Z=10 can be used as candidates for the raw material atoms of the present system. Or up to Z=20, etc. The lifetime of the negative muon can be taken into consideration.) In this application, elements with Z=9 to 3 have been considered, and lithium-6, oxygen-18, nitrogen-15, and boron-11 have been disclosed as examples, and examples have been disclosed in which these elements are chemically bonded to protons and deuterium, which serve as the second raw material.<0051> <Systems using fluorine> In experimental systems, a nuclear fusion system that produces oxygen 16 (Z=8) and helium from fluorine 19 (Z=9) and protons may be used. Muons can also be irradiated onto hydrogen fluoride, which is a combination of fluorine 19 and protons. (Hydrogen fluoride is highly toxic.) <0052> <System using oxygen> A nuclear fusion system that produces nitrogen-15 and helium from oxygen-18 and protons may be used. Muons can also be irradiated onto hydrogen oxide and water H2O (liquid, gas, vapor, fluid water H2O) that are formed by combining oxygen-18 and protons. In this case, nitrogen-15 is obtained (reaction formula is Group A in Figure 2 of this application), but this may then be used in a nuclear fusion reaction that produces carbon-12 and helium by reacting nitrogen-15 and protons as described above. Oxygen-18 exists at 0.2%. For example, it exists as a carbon dioxide atmosphere on Venus, and rocks on the Moon, Mars, and Venus asteroids (which may contain silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, iron oxide, etc.) contain oxygen atoms combined with metal elements (silicon, aluminum, iron, etc.), which may be easy to obtain as a resource and may be collected when traveling in space. Regarding oxygen isotopes, the desired oxygen isotope may be separated from atmospheric oxygen or from substances that combine with oxygen from celestial bodies (oxygen obtained by reducing rocks containing silicon oxide, etc.) using a known separation process. Oxygen-17 and protons may also be used. <0053> <<Example in which atomic number Z does not decrease but raw material atom is chemically bonded to other raw material atom>> As one example of the present application, the atomic number ZB that undergoes the nuclear fusion reaction is equal to or greater than the atomic number ZA, and an example is disclosed in which the first raw material atom ZA and the second raw material atom ZB are provided in the same compound molecule. <System using carbon> In an experimental system, a hydrocarbon containing protons and carbon may be irradiated with muons. Molecules in which carbon and hydrogen atoms are chemically bonded may be used as a raw material material or nuclear fusion fuel before the nuclear fusion reaction. For example, organic compounds containing carbon and hydrogen such as hydrocarbons and methane may be used. Muons or muonic hydrogen may be irradiated and introduced into organic compounds containing carbon and hydrogen such as methane.In the system using carbon and the system using hydrocarbons and organic matter such as methane, the hydrocarbons and organic matter such as methane (gas or fluid) may be compressed in a compression section PUMP RAM as shown in Figures 7 and 8, and muons such as muonic hydrogen atoms or muons may be injected into the compressed area (target section T1, FP, PBH1, PMP1-XMB) to promote muon nuclear fusion at the compressed area. When using hydrocarbon gases such as methane and propane, existing gas transportation, transport, and storage infrastructure can be used. Gas piping, pipelines, valves, pumps, etc. can be reused. (On the other hand, gases such as ammonia and boron hydride may require dedicated infrastructure, piping, and pumps.) (When a negative muon approaches an atomic nucleus, it weakly interacts with the protons in the nucleus, changing the protons in the nucleus into neutrons, transforming it into an atomic nucleus with an atomic number one smaller. When carbon-12 is irradiated with a muon, it becomes boron-11, and it is expected that the boron-11 will react with hydrogen atoms and protons when the muon arrives again.) <Carbon-carbon nuclear fusion, carbon combustion, and nuclear fusion reaction with atoms with Z equal to or greater than carbon> For the raw material FEED of an organic compound in which carbon atoms are bonded together as shown in Figure 9, etc., muons and muonic atoms may be irradiated and introduced into the FEED while heating (and compressing) the FEED using heating and compression means such as RAM or RAMH, and the carbon atoms may be induced to undergo the above-mentioned nuclear fusion reaction using muons. Also, for experimental purposes, or for the purpose of nuclear transmutation or artificially synthesizing elements with a higher atomic number Z, nuclear fusion may be promoted by colliding the muonic carbon atom with another atom using the carbon atom of the muonic atom. In addition to nuclear fusion between carbon atoms, nuclear fusion between oxygen atoms in the oxygen combustion process, silicon combustion process, and nuclear fusion reactions between elements with a higher atomic number Z may be attempted in the system of the present application. <0054> <System capable of heating or compressing the source material FEED> As a configuration capable of compressing and heating in the RAM section (RAMH section) in addition to the configuration in Fig. 8, Fig. 9 discloses a system capable of irradiating the target section from the source of (multiple) lasers, ion beams, microwaves, etc. and heating the FEED in the target section. (Compression may also be possible with lasers or ion beams.) Fig. 9 is an example of a system 1F-SYS having a compression section and heating section for the source material FEED.(The figures are examples, and are not limited to the experimental system, reaction system, apparatus, structure, and arrangement shown in the figures. For example, in Figures 8 and 9, the FEED is configured to circulate in a closed cycle, but the FEED may be stored in a closed container or a batch-type container, and a heating unit RAMH may be provided in the container or reaction unit storing the FEED, and the FEED may be irradiated with muons or muonic atoms while being heated in the heating unit RAMH. As in laser confinement inertial confinement fusion, a container storing the FEED may be irradiated with a laser (from a light source unit that may be multiple light source units), and the FEED may be confined with a laser and heated by the laser. The FEED may be heated by irradiating a container storing the FEED with electromagnetic waves such as laser, millimeter waves, microwaves, electromagnetic induction, particle-based ion beams, and particle beams.) For example, the compression unit RAM in Figure 9 may be capable of laser irradiation and ion beam irradiation. It may be capable of laser compression. It may also be capable of heating by laser, photons, electromagnetic waves, electric fields, magnetic fields, radio waves, and beams. <3> <0055> As one embodiment of the present application, Figures 7, 8 and 9 are explanatory diagrams of a nuclear fusion system using a source material FEED containing source atoms in its molecules, the nuclear fusion system having a process of irradiating and injecting muons into the source material, the source atoms containing two or more source atoms of a first atomic number ZA, or containing one or more atoms of a first atomic number ZA and one or more source atoms of a second atomic number ZAA, the source atoms of the first atomic number ZA and the source atoms of the second atomic number ZAA to be nuclear fused being contained in the source material by chemical bonds, covalent bonds or ionic bonds. <4> <0056> As one embodiment of the present application, Fig. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a nuclear fusion system equipped with a heating means RAMH and a compression means RAM for the source material FEED, and including a step of irradiating and introducing muon / muonic atoms into the FEED. The heating means RAMH may be, for example, a heating means using laser heating, ion beam heating, microwaves / millimeter waves, electric fields / magnetic fields, or electromagnetic induction. Fig. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a nuclear fusion system that may be, for example, an inertial confinement nuclear fusion system that irradiates a laser (from a light source unit that may be multiple light source units) and confines the laser, or a nuclear fusion system that may be heated by a laser, and includes a step of irradiating and introducing muon / muonic atoms into the FEED.Alternatively, Figure 9 is an explanatory diagram of a nuclear fusion system in which electromagnetic waves such as laser, millimeter waves, microwaves, electromagnetic induction, particle-based ion beams, particle beams, and millimeter waves are irradiated onto a container containing a FEED to heat the FEED (in some cases, for example, an ion beam is aimed at a single point and emitted, and multiple ion beams are irradiated toward a single point FP, T1 on the FEED, and the ion beam traveling toward the single point compresses, packs, or rams the FEED, thereby compressing, or heating it), and which includes a process of irradiating and injecting muons and muonic atoms into the FEED. <5> <0057> As one embodiment of the present application, the lower part of Fig. 3 (B) of the present application is an explanatory diagram of a system in which lithium deuteride 6 is placed in a target section T1 in a solid, liquid or molten state (preferably in a liquid or molten state when it is considered that the source atoms can move by heat and approach each other easily) in the source material FEED, and muons (muonic atoms) are irradiated and introduced into the lithium deuteride 6. In Fig. 3 (B), the lithium deuteride 6 in T1 FEED section may be heated by a heating means RAMH. (The FEED may be heated to melt and become liquid using the heating means RAMH.)* The source material FEED is formed by chemically bonding lithium 6, which has a larger cross-sectional area than lithium 7, with deuterium, and the source material FEED may be heated by the heating means RAMH. The source material FEED is arranged in the target section T1, FP, PBH1, PMP1-XMB, and muons (muonic atoms) are irradiated and injected into the arranged FEED to promote nuclear fusion using muons, leading to a nuclear fusion system, nuclear fusion reactor, and nuclear fusion reactor. When lithium 6, which has a large cross-sectional area, is chemically bonded with deuterium to form the source material FEED, the cross-sectional area can be made larger than when lithium 7, boron 11, nitrogen 15, oxygen 18, and hydrogen or deuterium are used for nuclear fusion or muon nuclear fusion, which has the advantage of making it easier to carry out nuclear fusion. Between lithium 7 and lithium 6, lithium 6 is preferable in terms of cross-sectional area, and it is preferable to use lithium 6 and deuterium. When using lithium 7, there is a problem of small cross section, so in one example of the present application, the use may be limited to lithium 6 and deuterium to increase the cross section and attempt to solve the problem of small cross section.<0058> Symbols etc. <Fig. 9> PMP1-XMB: Mixture MP1-XMB compressed (and / or heated) by compression means such as RAM, or mixture MP1-XMB compressed (and / or heated) by compression means such as RAM. RAM: Compression means such as a RAM unit. By laser irradiation. (If the RAM section is of the laser confinement or inertial confinement type, the wavelength of the laser light may be a short wavelength on the blue, ultraviolet, X-ray or gamma ray side so that the momentum of the photons can be increased.) Inertial confinement nuclear fusion is known in which a fuel pellet is irradiated and confined at the nuclear fusion site, and in this application, the target part and mixture may be compressed with a laser in the compression section RAM section. (A muon injection process may be added to the laser confinement type inertial confinement nuclear fusion.) The RAM section may irradiate lasers, ion beams, and ion beams containing raw material atoms from multiple launchers so as to converge on the part containing the raw material atoms (Figure 9). (Z-pinch or magnetized target types or other inertial types can be used to compress the raw material atoms, or to confine them by inertia.) In the RAM section, a laser or ramjet mechanism is used to compress and heat the raw material atoms that serve as the fuel for nuclear fusion, or the compound or mixture in which the raw material atoms are chemically bonded together, using a laser or other means, while irradiating them with muons. This increases the molecular and atomic motion within the compound molecules or the compound or mixture by compression and heating, and as a result, the particles that are bonded to the muon can approach each other more easily due to thermal motion, with the intention of making it easier to cause nuclear fusion by approach, muon nuclear fusion, and muon catalyzed nuclear fusion, as well as making it easier for the muons that act as catalysts after nuclear fusion to cause the next catalytic reaction (which is released, approaches the next raw material atoms, is captured, and repeated). (Even if liquid hydrogen, DT, DD, or TT cooled to an extremely low temperature of a few Kelvin is irradiated with muons, the temperature is low and there is a risk that the effect of bringing the raw material atoms closer together due to thermal motion will be small, but if muons, muonic atoms, or muonic hydrogen are introduced into a part compressed and heated by a laser or ramjet section, a proximity effect due to compression and thermal motion can be expected.) RAMH: Heating means. (May be included in the ram section. A means that can be irradiated remotely with electromagnetic waves or photons, such as lasers or microwaves, and can heat a substance. For example, in a system using water, hydrogen oxide, and muons, water can be heated by microwaves. Alternatively, the substance may be heated electromagnetically by induction.)For example, if a hydrocarbon is used as the source material and muons are used in the configurations of Figures 8 and 9 to induce nuclear fusion in carbon and hydrogen atoms that are chemically bonded and close to each other in the hydrocarbon, Figure 9 is more effective than Figure 8 in that the source material can be heated by a laser or the like, and the movement of atoms and particles in the source material becomes more active as the temperature increases due to the laser or other heating means, which may promote muon-catalyzed nuclear fusion. (Laser heating, or ion beam or neutral particle beam, NBI, ion beam or neutral particle beam containing source atoms, NBI, particle beam combining muons and ions and source atoms, millimeter waves, microwaves, and other heating means are also acceptable.)RAM and RAMH may be capable of laser irradiation or ion beam irradiation. Laser compression may also be possible. Laser heating may also be possible. PUMP: Compressor, pump, motorFEED: Source material (e.g. boron hydride, (hydrocarbon), hydrogen nitrogen, hydrogen oxide, etc.) (Lithium deuteride and other liquid or solid targets may also be acceptable. The source material for the nuclear fusion reaction.)FEEDC: Feed control unit. It may also include a feed / raw material supply section, a fuel supply section, and a section for removing products of nuclear fusion such as helium. FP: Nuclear fusion (promotion) section <0059> <>. <nb1>A nuclear fusion system using a source material including source atoms, the source material being a fluid, gas or liquid source material, the nuclear fusion system having a process of irradiating / injecting muons into the source material, the source atoms including two or more source atoms having a first atomic number ZA, or source atoms including one or more atoms having a first atomic number ZA and one or more source atoms having a second atomic number ZAA, characterized in that, with respect to atomic number ZA of a source atom having the largest atomic number that undergoes a nuclear fusion reaction, and atomic number ZB of an atom having the largest atomic number among atoms / particles generated by the nuclear fusion reaction, atomic number ZB is equal to or less than atomic number ZA. <nb2>The nuclear fusion system described in NB1, characterized in that the atom of the first atomic number ZA to be fused and the source atom of the second atomic number ZAA are contained in the source material by chemical bonds, covalent bonds, or ionic bonds. <nb3>The nuclear fusion system according to NB1, wherein the first atom of atomic number ZA is boron-11 and nitrogen-15, and the source atoms of the second atomic number ZAA are hydrogen and a proton. <nb4>A muon catalyzed nuclear fusion system characterized by introducing or injecting into said nuclear fusion fuel material atoms or particles in which muons are bound or attached to atomic nuclei, or muonic atoms. <nb5>A muon catalyzed nuclear fusion system characterized in that after muons or muonic atoms are injected into the nuclear fusion fuel material, the nuclear fusion fuel material is pressurized by a pressurizing means. <nb6>The muon catalyzed fusion system as described in NB1, characterized in that after muons or muonic atoms are introduced or injected into the fusion fuel material, the fusion fuel material is mixed by a pressurizing means. <mmf1>A nuclear fusion system using a source material containing raw material atoms, the nuclear fusion system having a process of irradiating / injecting muons into the source material, the source atoms (containing two or more source atoms having a first atomic number ZA, or containing one or more atoms having a first atomic number ZA and one or more atoms having a second atomic number ZAA) characterized in that the source atoms to be fused (or the source atom with the first atomic number ZA and the source atom with the second atomic number ZAA) are contained in the source material by chemical bonds, covalent bonds, or ionic bonds. <mmf2>A nuclear fusion system as described in MMF1, wherein the atom with the first atomic number ZA is boron-11 and nitrogen-15, and the source atom with the second atomic number ZAA is hydrogen and a proton, or the atom with the first atomic number ZA is lithium-6, and the source atom with the second atomic number ZAA is deuterium. <mmf3>The nuclear fusion system described in MMF1, wherein the atom of the first atomic number ZA is carbon and the source atom of the second atomic number ZAA is hydrogen and a proton (the source material is methane, a hydrocarbon, an organic compound containing carbon and hydrogen bonds). <mmf4>A nuclear fusion system using a source material containing source atoms, the nuclear fusion system having a process of irradiating and injecting muons into the source material, the source material being (liquid) lithium deuteride, which is a chemical bond between lithium-6 and deuterium. <mhf1>A nuclear fusion system having a heating means RAMH for a source material FEED, the nuclear fusion system including a step of irradiating and injecting muons and muonic atoms into the source material FEED. <mhf2>The heating means RAMH uses heating by irradiating the raw material FEED with a laser, ion beam, particle beam, neutral particle beam, ion beam containing raw material atoms, or neutral particle beam, particle beam combining muons and ions and raw material atoms, or uses heating by radio waves, millimeter waves, microwaves, electric fields, or electromagnetic induction for the raw material FEED. <Document name> Document <><Problem> In known muon catalyzed nuclear fusion, there was a problem that muons (muons) are attached, captured, or trapped by helium, which is a product material after nuclear fusion, in nuclear fusion fuel materials such as hydrogen, deuterium D, and tritium T, and catalytic nuclear fusion stops. We wanted to solve the problem that muons are captured by the product material after nuclear fusion rather than the nuclear fusion fuel material, making it difficult for muon catalyzed nuclear fusion reactions to proceed. <Solution> A system is disclosed in which a nuclear fusion fuel material or raw material material contains a first atomic number ZA raw material atom and a second atomic number ZAA raw material atom chemically bonded to each other in nuclear fusion using muons. We propose a muon-catalyzed nuclear fusion system using lithium hydride containing lithium-6 and deuterium, diborane containing protons and boron-11, and ammonia containing protons and nitrogen-15. We also propose a muon-based nuclear fusion system equipped with heating and compression means. <0060> <<Addendum for application claiming priority>> The following items have been added to the previous application, Patent Application No. 2023-150635, Patent Application No. 2023-151787, Patent Application No. 2023-174791, and Patent Application No. 2023-196029. <Document name> Document <><Problem> It is desired to make it easier to replace the muon target without stopping the muon fusion reactor. (We want to reduce the downtime when replacing the target. We want to increase the target life.) We also want to miniaturize the muon generation unit and accelerator. <Solution> A wedge-shaped or thin disk / plate (insertable) movable target is used in a circular accelerator (Fixed Magnetic Field Strong Convergence Accelerator (FFAG accelerator, MERIT ring / MERIT accelerator *MERIT: Multiple Energy Recovery Internal Target).The movable target may be replaceable by a replacement device, or may be equipped with a movable target section and two or more muon capture solenoids and muon extraction sections, and the movable target section may be moved in and out or back and forth from the outer periphery of the accelerator to the inner periphery (the MOVE part in FIG. 12). Pions and muons may be generated by irradiating the movable target with a proton particle beam. <Form for carrying out the invention> <0061> <Problem>Problem to be solved by the invention<Problem of activation of muon target and replacement, maintenance, and reduction of downtime when muons cannot be generated>When generating muons, an accelerated high-energy proton beam is irradiated onto a muon generation target made of carbon or lithium to generate pions, pions, and muons. In this process, the target for generating pions and muons, which is irradiated with the proton beam, deteriorates and becomes activated as it is used, and needs to be replaced. The target becomes highly activated to a level that makes it difficult for humans to approach. Replacing the muon target requires stopping the muon generator and muon fusion system. To address this issue, a rotating muon target has been developed that distributes and averages the irradiated time to other parts of a rotatable disk by rotating the target. In the muon fusion system, if the muon target can be replaced or maintained without stopping the muon generation unit while the muon fusion system is in operation (and downtime when muons cannot be generated can be reduced), this may be commercially advantageous (muon fusion power plants would not have to stop generating power for a span of three weeks, for example, once every six months to replace the muon target).<0062> <Solution> Means for solving the problems, form for carrying out the invention <Extending muon target life and reducing downtime with rotating muon target MU-DISK-TGT> In the circular accelerator 2MU-ACC-RING (FFAG accelerator 2MU-FFAG, MERIT ring, MERIT accelerator 2MU-MERIT-RING), (particularly in the MERIT-type ring) the muon target part is arranged to protrude in a wedge shape, and the rotating target part is a carburette-shaped rotating target part with a thin and sharp outer periphery (protruding in a sharp shape and wedge shape), or By using the rotating target MU-DISK-TGT, which is shaped like a record or disk and resembles a sharp rotating saw (a thin, narrow disk with a sharp outer tip, or a wedge-shaped rotating muon target MU-WEDGE-DISK-TGT in Figures 10, 11, and 12), we attempt to suppress and average the activation of the MERIT-type wedge-shaped muon target (fixed muon target), extend the muon target's lifetime, delay activation, and increase the time the muon target can be used. * For example, a rotating muon target MU-WEDGE-DISK-TGT or MU-DISK-TGT may be configured as shown in Figures 10, 11, and 12, which may be a wedge or triangle with the cross section of one side of the disk becoming thinner toward the outer periphery (it may also be a thin disk), and a movable muon target unit (2MU-GEN-ROT-TGT) may be configured which is equipped with a rotation means such as a motor that rotates the rotating muon target and a rotation support means such as a bearing, and the rotating muon target part MU-MOVABLE-TGT or MU-DISK-TGT may be capable of being inserted (or removed) into the particle beam orbit part of the accelerator (2MU-FFAG, 2MU-ACC-RING, 2MU-MERIT-RING) toward the particle orbit on the outer periphery of the accelerator. The target section and pion-muon generation section of the 2MU pion generator may be equipped with the target. (*If the circular accelerator is likened to a doughnut shape, a rotating target like a rotating saw that can be inserted, removed, and moved in the poloidal direction into the outer periphery of the doughnut where particles circulate, the protruding wedge of the MERIT ring, may be inserted and removed into the 2MU-MERIT-RING in Figures 10 and 12.) *As shown in Figure 10, a wedge-shaped rotating muon target MU-WEDGE-DISK-TGT, or a rotating muon target MU-WE with a thin, plate-shaped movable section may be inserted and removed. The DGE-DISK-TGT (target MU-WEDGE-DISK-TGT) may be rotatable, and the shape of the target may be a wedge shape, a shape with a thin protruding part in the ring, or a thin plate shape so that the particles can recover their energy again inside the MERIT ring or circular accelerator after the particle beam hits the target. *In Figure 10, the particle accelerator, circular accelerator, FFAG, and MERIT ring are evacuated, and the outer periphery side through which the particles pass is cut perpendicular to the circular and doughnut-shaped toroidal direction, like a rotating saw. The muon target MU-WEDGE-DISK-TGT is inserted into a part of the outer periphery of the accelerator cross section (so that it collides with the orbit of the accelerated particle beam revolving around the outer periphery) and is rotatable. In Figs. 10, 11, 12, and 13, the particle accelerator may be operated and rotated while maintaining a vacuum, or the movable muon target may be inserted and moved (MOVE), and the movable muon target may be replaced (EXCHANGE / SET). A motor (MU-TGT-MOT) and bearings (MU-TGT-BRG) are used for rotation. The axis (AXIS-TGT-B The wedge-shaped rotating muon target MU-WEDGE-DISK-TGT attached to the FFAG MERIT ring (RG) rotates across the outer periphery of the circular accelerator FFAG MERIT ring (a part of the outer periphery of the ring doughnut. *Cross-section CS in Figure 10, cross-section CS from points CSP1 to CSP2.) <Replacement of the muon target when it is activated and removal of the activated part> Also, when the wedge-shaped rotating muon target is activated, the activated tip can be cut, milled or cut to remove the activated part as shown in the right figure of Figure 11, and the weakly activated part can be recycled and reused.Machines and robots may be used for unmanned operation. In the case of a rotating muon target, activation will occur near the wedge-shaped and thinned parts, compared to fixed targets and thick rotating targets, and the thickness and volume of the part irradiated with the proton ion beam can be reduced, which is expected to lead to a reduction in activated radioactive waste. <A system for cutting and maintaining the beam-irradiated part of the rotating muon target that is about to become activated during muon generation operation and accelerator operation, and for grinding and removing the activated part with a grindstone. A system for cutting, grinding and removing the part before the target becomes highly activated during muon generation operation, while the accelerator is operating and while the device is in operation. >Wedge-shaped rotating muon target As shown in the right figure of Figure 11, the rotating target part may be polished or removed by bringing a grindstone or a device capable of grinding and removing part of the target close to the irradiation part of the disk while the muon generation part, accelerator and MERIT ring are in operation. The activated part may also be polished, cut or removed by a cutting and removing device. (If the disk cannot be polished to a desired shape after polishing, or if the disk surface cannot be polished to a desired shape during operation, it may be replaced with a new disk using a disk exchange machine or robot arm.) <Use in space> This application also assumes use as the power unit of a spacecraft. For accelerator systems, the vacuum environment of space may be used for parts that require a vacuum. <0063> <Automated replacement of movable muon targets> Figure 10 shows a system capable of replacing muon targets as an example of a system for replacing and exchanging a wedge-shaped rotating muon target for muon generation after activation by proton irradiation, and for replacing a target when the muon target extraction port is fixed in one place.<0064> For example, a device / robot part (TGT EXCANGE ROBOT / ARM (JUKE BOX MACHINE LIKE)) that can replace records / disks (wedge-shaped rotating muon target MU-WEDGE-DISK-TGT) by a robot arm or the like like a jukebox, and a magazine part / disk holder / arm (2TGT-EXCHANGE-ARM) that can rotate by a rotation means 2TGT-EXCHANGE-MOT and multiple wedge-shaped rotating muon targets MU-WEDGE-DISK-TGTs (like the rotating magazine of a revolver) and a rotatable axis (2TGT-EXCHANGE-AXIS) by a motor or the like (2TGT-EXCHANGE-MOT) may be mounted, and the wedge-shaped rotating muon target may be replaced by rotating the arm. The replacement may be automated. <0065> Figure 12 shows the replacement and exchange system for the wedge-shaped rotating target for muon generation after proton irradiation activation (when two muon extraction ports and solenoids are arranged, and one of the extraction ports is stopped and the target is replaced). Two systems are required for the muon extraction port, solenoid, and muon irradiation system for the fusion fuel, but there is no need for the above-mentioned replacement rotation mechanism, and the irradiation system and target T1 of the fusion reaction section can also be made into two systems, with the intention of reducing downtime when power cannot be generated. (There are two systems in Figure 12, but multiple systems are also possible.) In Figure 12, two or more wedge-shaped rotating targets, solenoids for muon capture, and muon extraction units are provided, and the movable muon target and wedge-shaped rotating target MU-WEDGE-DISK-TGT can be inserted and removed, moved back and forth, and inserted from the outer periphery of the accelerator to the inner periphery (the MOVE part in Figure 12). The movable target part is moved (MOVE), pushed out, inserted, extracted, and pulled back into the MERIT ring, and the proton beam is controlled to collide with the wedge-shaped rotating target part by the MOVE step and the insertion / removal step, and the pion / muon generation at one of the extraction ports can be controlled on and off. When replacing the target part in Figure 12, it is completely extracted and pulled back from the MERIT ring for maintenance replacement. Replacement etc. can be automated using a machine / robot (TGT EXCANGE ROBOT / ARM).<0066> <Challenges><Miniaturization of muon generating devices, necessity for small accelerators and small muon generators> It is preferable to miniaturize the systems that generate muons (accelerators, accelerating cavities, bending magnets). When installing the above-mentioned nuclear fusion system in transportation equipment, spacecraft, spaceships, aircraft, vehicles, ships, submarines, various facilities, and robots, it is preferable to be able to reduce the size of the system including the accelerator and muon generating device. <0067> <Solution> Means for solving the problems, forms for carrying out the invention With regard to the muon generation unit, a multiple energy recovery internal target method (MERIT method) using a circular accelerator, a fixed field alternating gradient accelerator (FFAG accelerator, FFAG: Fixed Field Alternating Gradient, an accelerator with a constant magnetic field (static magnetic field) and a magnetic field shape that alternates the gradient direction), is known as a high-intensity muon source. A wedge-shaped target such as a proton is placed on the beam orbit inside the ring, and the beam is circulated, stored, accumulated, and accelerated, while at the same time irradiating the target with the beam to generate secondary particles. And even for the beam that has been irradiated once on the target but has not reacted with the target, it is accelerated again to recover energy, and by continuing to hit the target many times, it is possible to generate secondary particles with high efficiency, and this method may be used in the muon generation unit M1 and particle accelerator of the present application. <0068> In the MERIT method, protons injected into the center of the MERIT ring transition to an outer orbit as they accelerate and rotate inside the ring, and then enter the muon target, which protrudes outward like a wedge or thin plate, generating pions and muons. The protons are then accelerated again, their energy is restored, and they collide with the target again to generate pions and muons.The generated pions and muons are introduced and injected into a muon capture and transport solenoid (MUON CAPTURE TRANSPORT SOLENOID in Figs. 10, 11, 12, and 13), and then those containing muons are irradiated and injected into the target section T1 (isotope-selected lithium hydride (lithium deuteride 6), boron hydride, hydrogen nitride, hydrogen oxide, hydrogen fluoride, etc., hydrocarbons, etc., source material) and fusion reaction section FP of the muon fusion system 1F-SYS (which may pass through an acceleration section, deflection section, or various devices as necessary, and may remain muons, become neutral particle beams, or become muonic atoms) as muon fusion system 1F-SYS. As mentioned above, in this application, the movable muon target section MU-MOVABLE-TGT and the wedge-shaped rotating target section MU-WEDGE-DISK-TGT may be used as the muon target. By using a wedge-shaped rotating target section, the target may have a longer life than a fixed wedge-shaped target. The configuration shown in Figures 10, 11, 12, and 13 is intended to miniaturize the muon generation device and extend the life of the target device (by extending the activation time). <0069> <Acceleration cavity> A synchrotron or circular accelerator that generates muons may include an acceleration cavity that accelerates the particles and protons, and a bending magnet (such as a quadrupole magnet) that controls, focuses, or bends the trajectory of the accelerated particles or protons. It is known that a copper cavity is plated or coated with niobium to make it a superconductor, and a superconducting acceleration cavity may be used because it can reduce power consumption. Furthermore, proton / ion / particle acceleration methods utilizing plasma with a high-intensity laser (laser plasma-driven ion / electron acceleration, laser wake field acceleration (LWFA), and those using the ponderomotive force of a laser) are publicly known, and the acceleration cavity portion can be made small by using a cavity capable of laser particle acceleration (considered to be preferable when used for the acceleration cavity portion of the muon generation portion of a muon fusion reactor mounted on moving equipment such as transportation equipment, spacecraft, aircraft, vehicles, ships, submarines, exploration robots, etc., which are preferably small in size), so a laser-based accelerator or muon generator may be constructed using the proton acceleration method utilizing plasma with a laser, LWFA, etc.<0070> <Bending magnets><Muon capture transport solenoids, conductors and wires in the present system> Superconductors may be used for the bending magnets, quadrupole electromagnets and muon capture solenoids. Superconductors may be used for the bending magnets, quadrupole electromagnets and muon capture solenoids. A 1WIRE conductor in which a capacitor portion composed of an insulator, material portion, and gate electrode of a transistor can be charged by a voltage applied to the gate electrode disclosed in Patent Application No. 2022-123161 (for the purpose of avoiding problems such as increasing the conductivity of carbon materials, or changing the conductor wire from copper to a carbon-based material to make it lighter, reducing the amount of copper used, eliminating the cooling procedure and cooling equipment for superconductivity, and refraining from the use of substances with long half-lives when radioactive, such as niobium, for the conductor wire portion, bending magnet, quadrupole electromagnet, and muon capture solenoid portion of the present system, and an element in which a carrier introduction portion (104) is formed in a material portion (101) by applying a voltage (VGS) between a first electrode (106) and a second electrode (102), and the conductivity of the material portion (101) including the carrier introduction portion (104) can be changed, wherein the material portion (101) of the element includes a channel portion of a transistor, and the carrier introduction portion (104) is the channel portion. The muon generator / particle accelerator of the present application may include a conductor 1WIRE having a characteristic that a capacitor portion composed of the insulator (105), the material portion (101), and the gate electrode (106) of the transistor can be charged by the voltage (VGS) applied to the gate electrode (106), the first electrode (106) of the element being the gate electrode (106) of a transistor, the second electrode (102) of the element being the source electrode (102) of a transistor, the element being a conductor 1WIRE using the element, or a conductor in which a capacitor portion composed of the insulator, material portion, and gate electrode of the transistor can be charged by the voltage applied to the gate electrode, the material portion being a porous film or a conductor 1WIRE having a space that is a gap with respect to the total volume of the material portion, or a conductor 1WIRE having a surface area of ​​the interface where the material portion and the insulator are in contact with each other that is larger than the total area of ​​the material portion. The particle accelerator / muon generator / nuclear fusion system of the present application may include an electric circuit including the 1WIRE. <0071> <Magnetic levitation method of bearing> A known bearing or support means may be used as a part that supports the movable muon target part when it is moved. Alternatively, a magnetic levitation type bearing may be used to increase the lifespan. The system of the present application is also considered for use in outer space, spacecraft, and spaceships. In outer space, there may be cases where a vacuum or weightlessness is possible, and a rotating muon target part that rotates in a vacuum in the weightlessness (or that utilizes the weightlessness of outer space while being equipped with a magnetic levitation or magnetic transport, movement, levitation control, and levitation mechanism) may be configured in a spacecraft in outer space, and the rotating muon target part may be inserted so as to pass through a part of a cross section cut in the poloidal direction of the outer periphery of the MERIT ring as shown in Figure 10, and rotate. <Utilization of the vacuum and zero gravity of outer space> The present system, the present muon generation unit, the MERIT ring-type particle accelerator and the movable muon target and muon capture solenoid in Figures 10 to 13, and the nuclear fusion system unit 1F-SYS may utilize the vacuum and zero gravity environment of outer space for their operation. For example, the inside of the accelerator's accelerating tube and cavity can be evacuated and constructed to have the strength to withstand the pressure exerted by atmospheric pressure, which may result in a heavy accelerator that uses steel and other materials to ensure its strength.On the other hand, outer space is already a high vacuum, and since there is no atmosphere or atmospheric pressure, there are fewer parts to ensure strength and vacuum pumps to maintain the accelerator in a vacuum, and the number of parts is smaller, stronger, and lighter. This reduces the number of parts and launch weight when lifting components from the Earth to outer space, and can reduce costs. Therefore, the present invention's nuclear fusion system, particle accelerator, pion-muon generation system, and other devices and systems may be used in outer space. The present invention's system may also be installed in space as a power source or power source for the movement and operation of transportation equipment, spacecraft, space stations, spaceships, and exploration robots in outer space, or for use in particle experiments. <0072> <Another form of rotatable / movable muon target part> In Fig. 10-12, the rotating muon target is disk-shaped, but the shape is not limited to this. For example, as shown in Fig. 13, a target part is attached to the rotating tip part / saw chain part of a chainsaw to make a movable muon target part, and the muon target part may rotate so that the saw chain part passes through a part of the cross section cut in the poloidal direction on the outer circumference of the MERIT ring as shown in Fig. 10, the saw chain part is inserted and circulated in the accelerator, and returns to the chain catcher part, and the muon target part on the tip may generate pions and muons by collision with energetic ions, protons, and particles. From the viewpoint of activation, the target part is preferably a light element, and an element with low Z such as lithium or carbon is used. (Elements with large Z have a long half-life when activated, which raises concerns about management costs.) The tip part may be removed when activated or before the degree of activation becomes strong, and replaced with a new wedge-shaped or thin tip-shaped muon target. The muon target may be movable and pass through the particle irradiation section in the particle accelerator, FFAG, or MERIT ring of the present invention. <6> <0073> . <mt1>Figures 10, 11, 12, and 13 are explanatory diagrams of a particle accelerator and MERIT ring that generate and capture pion muons and irradiate and inject muons into a muon utilization system and a muon nuclear fusion system, a movable protruding and inserted wedge-shaped and thin movable and rotating muon targets, a pion muon generation section that generates pion muons by colliding energetic particles and particle beams with the target, a pion muon generation section, and a muon capture solenoid that captures pion muons and transports them to the target section. ●In this application, we would like to miniaturize the size of the nuclear fusion system using muons so that it can be mounted on the transportation equipment, and the acceleration cavity of the circular accelerator may be a superconductor, a laser wakefield acceleration type acceleration cavity, or an acceleration cavity using a laser. ●In addition, the movable and rotating muon targets may be replaced unmanned or mechanically by a machine or robot arm so that humans do not approach highly radioactive targets or parts. ●In order to avoid stopping particle accelerators, fusion systems, and power generation systems due to the need to replace the muon target due to target activation or deterioration (reducing the downtime mentioned above), the muon target is movable, and to avoid the particle beam being irradiated onto a single point for a long period of time, the particle beam is irradiated onto other surfaces of the target, dispersing the irradiated area and allowing the target to be used for a longer period of time. <mt2>Figure 12 shows an example of a system that has two movable targets, a muon capture solenoid, and two muon extraction ports, then injects muons toward two fusion systems and fusion reactors, and irradiates target T1 and fusion reaction point FP in the fusion systems to promote muon fusion (or can be used for various muon-related experiments, or for nuclear transmutation of radioactive waste, nuclear fusion, and muon application experiments by irradiating materials with muons). One of the two extraction ports is stopped, and the movable target at that location is replaced and maintained. In Figure 13, the movable target can be replaced and maintained at the part that catches the movable target. <0074> Symbols, etc. <Figure 10>MU-MOVABLE-TGT: (muon) target part with movable part receiving particle beamMU-DISK-TGT: Target part that may be disk-shaped with rotatable / movable part receiving particle beamMuon target partMU-WEDGE-DISK-TGT: Muon target part that may be movable and disk-shapedMuon target part, where the part receiving beam irradiation is thin, the cross-sectional shape becomes thinner toward the outer periphery of the disk, and the muon target part is wedge-shaped.MU-TGT-BRG: Support means such as bearings to support the part that moves when moving / rotating, AXIS-TGT-BRG: Rotating axis when moving2MU-GEN-ROT-TGT: Muon target part and means for moving the muon target, target unit part equipped with motor and bearings.2MU: Example of muon generation part M1. (May include target, accelerator, charge exchange beam injector, charge adjusting section, proton particle beam injector, proton particle beam accelerator section, muon capture solenoid, etc.) Muons at M1 may be bound to protons and atomic nuclei (neutral particle beam) to generate muonic atoms MP1. 2MU-ACC-RING: Circular accelerator, particle accelerator 2MU-FFAG: FFAG accelerator 2MU-MERIT-RING: MERIT ring accelerator (The wedge-shaped target may be movable and inserted. A movable muon target that becomes thinner toward the inserted tip may be inserted. The muon target section may be formed on the outer periphery of a rotatable disk or the tip of a chainsaw and made movable.A proton particle beam is irradiated to the inner circumference of a circle, and then the accelerator and ring accelerate it in a circular or spiral manner, and the high energy and high speed are transferred to the outer circumference, and then it can be decelerated while colliding with the muon target, which may be movable, or it can recover energy and collide with the target again. (An accelerator in which the particles can be decelerated by colliding with the target and move in the inner circumference direction, or accelerate again and transfer to the outer circumference and collide again, and an accelerator in which the particles are stored, accumulated, and re-accelerated in the ring.) 2MU-FFAG-CS · 2MU-ACC-RING-CS · 2MU-MERIT-RING-CS: A cross section of the accelerator when the accelerator is likened to a doughnut, which is a cross section perpendicular to the toroidal direction, a cross section cut in the poloidal direction, and a cross section of the accelerator when cut between points CSP1 and CSP2. A particle beam accelerated to high energy on the outer circumference side of the circular accelerator and MERIT ring can be inserted into the cross section CS of a movable target (for example, a thin disk-shaped muon target) and inserted in the outer circumference direction of the circle of the accelerator cross section and moved. CS: Cross section CS between points CSP1 and CSP2<Fig.12>· Replacement and alternating system for the rotating target for muon generation after activation by proton irradiation. Two movable muon targets that can be inserted, removed, and moved inside the accelerator, muon extraction ports, and muon capture solenoids are arranged, and one of the extraction ports is stopped, the muon target is removed from the accelerator, and it is replaced. 2MU-GEN-ROT-TGT: Movable muon target unit system that can be MOVED, INSERT, and EJECTed inside the accelerator. MUON CAPTURE TRANSPORT SOLENOID: Muon capture transport solenoid<Fig. 11>2TGT-EXCHANGE: A device that replaces a movable muon target with a mechanical robot, target exchange unit 2TGT-EXCHANGE-ARM: Arm unit of exchange unit, robot arm 2TGT-EXCHANGE-AXIS: Rotation axis of exchange unit 2TGT-EXCHANGE-MOT: Motor of exchange unit *It can also be a device like the record exchange unit of a jukebox. TGT EXCANGE ROBOT / ARM: (JUKE BOX MACHINE LIKE)<Fig. 13> An example of a movable muon target, an example with a part that makes the chainsaw-like (or cableway-like, ropeway and lift-like) target movable.CHAIN-CATCHER: The chain catcher of the chainsaw, which is also the part where the muon target part MU-MOVABLE-TGT on the saw chain can be replaced by a machine such as a robot arm. Chain-Sow-and-TGT: The guide bar part that guides the saw chain part to which the muon target TGT of the chainsaw is attached. (In Figure 13, the muons may be decelerated by the muon decelerator MUDECE.) <0075> <>. <mt1>A muon generation unit, muon target unit, muon target, or target equipped with a rotatable disk-shaped muon target, or a rotatable / movable target unit MU-MOVABLE-TGT / MU-WEDGE-DISK-TGT, (for example, a cross-section from the inner circumference to the outer circumference of the disk is thick / wide on the outer circumference and thin / narrow / sharp on the outer circumference, or the thickness of the disk is thick in the center and thin on the outer circumference of the disk, (the outer circumference of the disk / wheel is thin / pointed / wedge-shaped pointed disk, or grinding wheel, or rotating saw-shaped), and the disk-shaped muon target is a muon generation unit capable of generating pions, pions, and muons when a proton beam / particle beam is irradiated to a point on the outer circumference of a circular accelerator or its surrounding area. <mt2>A muon generator according to MT1, having a target section made of lithium-carbon (a material with a low atomic number Z) capable of generating pions and muons. <mt3>A muon generating unit in which the muon target part is dynamic and movable, or a muon generating unit (muon target) in which the part to be activated that becomes the muon target part can be moved and the part to be activated can be dispersed on a disk or plate. <mtex1>A muon generating unit in which the muon target can be replaced by a mechanical tool, and a rotatable disk-shaped muon target or a rotatable / movable target unit (MU-MOVABLE-TGT / MU-WEDGE-DISK-TGT) is used in the replaceable accelerator (Muon generating unit / Muon nuclear fusion system). <mermt1>The rotatable / movable target part MU-MOVABLE-TGT described in MT1 is rotated so that the outer periphery is perpendicular to the circumferential direction / toroidal direction of the MERIT ring / FFAG ring / circular accelerator / donut-shaped accelerator. An accelerator (target, muon generator, muon fusion system, transportation equipment equipped with a muon fusion system) that can insert, remove, and position the muon target in the cross section to be cut (cross section cut in the poloidal direction, poloidal cross section) through which the orbit of the proton beam or particle beam passes. <merlsr1>(For the purpose of miniaturizing the accelerator cavity) Proton acceleration method using laser plasma · Laser plasma driven ion and electron acceleration · Laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA) · Accelerator using the ponderomotive force of laser (· Muon generation section · Muon fusion system · Transportation equipment equipped with a muon fusion system). <0076> <<Additional parts due to applications claiming priority>> The following items have been added to the previous applications, Patent Application No. 2023-150635, Patent Application No. 2023-151787, Patent Application No. 2023-174791, Patent Application No. 2023-196029, and Patent Application No. 2023-196327. (This application is an invention and requires demonstration) <<<Description of the raw materials and fuel materials for muon nuclear fusion systems and muon nuclear transmutation systems>>><Form for carrying out the invention><Electronegativity: Perspective of the relative measure of the strength with which an atom attracts electrons> Electronegativity is a measure of the ability of an atomic nucleus to attract electrons and negative charges. According to Allen's electronegativity, fluorine electrons have a higher electronegativity than helium atoms, and it is expected that they will attract electrons and muons more easily. Therefore, according to Allen's electronegativity, when hydrogen fluoride is irradiated with muons to cause nuclear fusion and produce helium, the muons may be more likely to be attracted to the fluorine in the hydrogen fluoride than to the helium produced after nuclear fusion, in terms of electronegativity. From this perspective, the present invention also makes it possible to introduce muons into hydrogen fluoride (or hydrogen fluoride in the form of a liquid or gaseous fluid) to promote nuclear fusion. <From the perspective of effective nuclear charge> Regarding effective nuclear charge, the effective nuclear charge felt by the 1S orbital is [helium He: 1.688, hydrogen H: 1.000, lithium Li: 2.691, beryllium Be: 3.685, boron B: 4.680, carbon C: 5.673, nitrogen N: 6.665, oxygen: 7.658, fluorine F: 8.650, neon Ne: 9.642, sodium Na: 10.626, potassium K: 18.490, rubidium Rb: 36.208, cesium Cs: larger than Rb].In terms of effective nuclear charge, when a fusion reaction occurs in which a muon is injected into a system containing boron or nitrogen (and hydrogen) to produce helium, the effective nuclear charge of the fusion fuel boron or nitrogen is greater than that of the fusion product helium, and muons are expected to be attracted to boron or nitrogen, which have a greater effective nuclear charge than helium, and may be used in the fusion system of the present invention. Regarding the fusion reaction system, the present invention may use a fusion reaction system in which the effective nuclear charge of the fusion fuel nuclei is greater than that of the fusion product nuclei. (A fusion reaction system having raw material atoms used for fusion that have an effective nuclear charge greater than the effective nuclear charge of the nuclei produced by fusion may be used.) <Perspective of muon fusion in molecules with chain or polymer structure><Chain or polymer boron hydride>Boron atoms may take on a chain or polymer structure as a hydride. Also, as mentioned above, there are compounds of hydrogen, beryllium, and boron, and these may be used. Borane borohydrides may be used as muon fusion fuel in the present invention. (Examples of borane borohydrides: BH3, B2H6, B2H2, B2H4, B4H10, B5H9, B5H11, B6H10, B6H12, B10H14, B18H22) In muon catalyzed fusion, it is necessary to sustain the catalytic reaction and increase the number of muon catalyzed fusions of boron and hydrogen per muon, and it is considered advantageous to earn a large number of fusions within one molecule, so in the present invention, it is preferable to use chain-like or polymeric boron hydrides with a long number of boron connections for muon catalyzed fusion. *Boron has an anion of boron hydride (e.g. dodecaborate, chemical formula [B12H12]2-). On the other hand, the cation paired with the anion of the dodecaborate may be lithium, sodium, cesium, etc., but in terms of effective nuclear charge, if cesium or sodium cations larger than the effective nuclear charge of boron are used, there is a risk that muon fusion will stop because they will be trapped by sodium instead of boron, so for example, lithium cations may be bonded to the boron hydride anion. The following reaction formulas for 2LiB3H8 and Li2[B12H12] are assumed for the production of this substance.5NaBH4+BF3->2NaB3H8+3NaF+2H2, 2NaB3H8->NA2[B12H12] (existing manufacturing example using Na) 5LiBH4+BF3->2LiB3H8+3LiF+2H2, 2LiB3H8->Li2[B12H12] (example using Li. Verification and investigation required) Lithium borohydride LiBH4 may also be used as the muon nuclear fusion fuel of the present invention. <Chain or polymeric nitrogen hydrides and azanes> Nitrogen atoms may take on chain or polymeric structures as hydrides. In the present invention, azanes may be used as the fuel material for muon nuclear fusion. (Examples of azanes: NH3, N2H4, N3H5, N4H6, N5H7, N6H8, N7H9, N8H10, N9H11, N10H12, and azanes with more nitrogen atoms)*For hydrogen molecules H2 (H2 has a melting point of minus 259 degrees Celsius and a boiling point of minus 252.7 degrees Celsius) and nitrogen molecules N2 (N2 has a melting point of minus 209 degrees Celsius and a boiling point of minus 195 degrees Celsius), the nitrogen molecules are solid and the hydrogen molecules are gaseous at temperatures below 209 degrees Celsius, so N2 and H2 may not mix easily. (It may be difficult to have a configuration in which nitrogen molecules and hydrogen molecules are both in liquid state and close to each other to promote nuclear fusion.) On the other hand, in the present invention, a compound of hydrogen and nitrogen can be used, and nitrogen atoms and hydrogen atoms are bonded and mixed within the compound molecule, so there is an advantage that it is possible to cause a nuclear fusion reaction using nitrogen atoms, hydrogen atoms, and muons within the compound azan molecule. In the case of boron, the melting point of boron itself is 2076 degrees Celsius, so it cannot be mixed with hydrogen molecules, which are gases, at 2076 degrees Celsius. Therefore, in this application, hydrogen and boron are chemically bonded to form boron hydride, and muons are then introduced into the boron hydride to bring the hydrogen and boron closer together within the molecule, causing a nuclear fusion reaction. <From the perspective of muon nuclear fusion of hydrocarbons> When methane CH4, which consists of 12C and 1H, is irradiated with muons, the hydrogen bonded to carbon 12 undergoes nuclear fusion to become nitrogen 13, then hydrogen fuses to become oxygen 14, and then hydrogen fuses to become fluorine 15. Fluorine 15 can release one proton (proton emission) after a short lifespan (1.1zsec, 10-21 seconds, zeptoseconds) and decay to oxygen 14.*If oxygen-14 can be fused with hydrogen again, it may be possible to fuse oxygen-14 with fluorine-15 as described above, and then fluorine-15 may release a proton and return to oxygen-14 as described above. Therefore, fusion fuel using carbon-12 and hydrogen may be used in the muon fusion system of the present invention. When methane consisting of 13C and 1H is irradiated with muons, hydrogen fuses with carbon-13 to form nitrogen-14, then hydrogen fuses with carbon-13 to form oxygen-15, and then hydrogen fuses with hydrogen to form fluorine-16. Fluorine-16 releases a proton in its short lifetime (21 zsec, 10-21 seconds) to form oxygen-15, so it can be fused with hydrogen again to repeat the proton emission and decay process. Methane can also be liquefied, and liquefying it brings methane molecules closer together than when they are gaseous, which is expected to make it easier to cause muon catalytic reactions. For example, a fusion system in which muons are irradiated to liquefied methane CH4 consisting of 12C and 1H. (In the table of isotope nuclides, if hydrogen is bonded to carbon-12 and the type of element is changed in the direction that increases the horizontal direction ·Z by 1, it will reach fluorine-15, which is an unstable nuclide, and it is assumed that a system will be created in which fluorine-15 decays to oxygen-14 and then fuses with hydrogen repeatedly, and this system may be used for muon fusion.)* When hydrogen molecules are irradiated with muons, helium-alpha rays are generated that are stable, have a long life, and have a larger effective nuclear charge than the fuel hydrogen, and the muon catalyzed fusion reaction stops when the muon is trapped in the helium. On the other hand, in this application, for example, when helium is generated by nuclear fusion from hydrogen and boron or nitrogen fuel, the effective nuclear charge of the boron or nitrogen fuel is larger than that of helium, and the intention is to trap the muon in the fuel boron or nitrogen to sustain the catalytic reaction. In the case of muon fusion using hydrogen and carbon-12 as fuel, hydrogen atoms are fused twice with carbon-12 to produce oxygen-14, and oxygen-14 and hydrogen are fused together to produce fluorine-15, which then decays to release hydrogen, which has a smaller effective nuclear charge than oxygen-14, as a proton, with the intention of sustaining the muon-catalyzed fusion reaction between oxygen-14 and hydrogen atoms. <Utilization of carbon> Carbon-12 may be irradiated with muons to promote nuclear fusion reactions, spallation reactions, and nuclear transmutation.Carbon-12 is produced from three alpha particles and helium nuclei (beryllium-8 and helium), but if the reverse decomposition reaction of carbon-12 into three alpha particles can be caused by irradiating it with muons and elementary particles, the above reaction may be used. In this application, a nuclear fusion system or nuclear reactor system may be constructed using a nuclear fusion reaction using carbon and muons. In this application, chain-like or polymeric carbon compounds may be included in the muon nuclear fusion fuel. For example, graphite made of carbon-12. <Perspective when irradiating carbon-12 with muons> When carbon-12 is irradiated with muons, the protons in the muon and carbon-12 are replaced by neutrons due to a weak interaction, and the atomic number Z decreases by one, resulting in boron-12. Boron-12 has two decay modes, and the mainstream (99.4%) negative beta decay produces carbon-12, and the (0.6%) negative beta decay produces one alpha particle and beryllium-8, which produces two alpha particles with a short half-life. Therefore, when carbon-12 is irradiated with a muon, it can emit energy while generating two alpha rays via beryllium-8 through positive beta decay, so in this application, a nuclear fusion system, nuclear transmutation system, or experimental system that introduces a muon into carbon-12 may be implemented or configured. Beryllium-8 may have a structure of two helium particles in its atomic nucleus, and it stabilizes by (decaying) into helium particles. Carbon-12 may have a structure of three helium particles in its atomic nucleus, and it may decay to stabilize by adding some energy or means to release three helium particles and energy. (The image is that carbon decays to release bond energy, similar to the way that helium is released after nuclear fusion of protons and boron and energy is released while decaying into helium). *In order to generate carbon-12 from helium-3 (via beryllium-8), it is necessary to enter the Hoyle state. The Hoyle state is a state that exists at the excitation energy of 7.65 MeV of the carbon-12 nucleus. *Negative muons are captured by the Coulomb field of the atomic nucleus to form muonic atoms. When a negative muon is captured by a nucleus N(Z, A) with atomic number Z and mass number A, the muon combines with a proton as an elementary process within the nucleus to form a neutron, neutrino, electron neutrino, and muon neutrino.*It is thought that most of the muon's rest mass energy of 106 MeV is carried away by the neutrino as kinetic energy, leaving behind about 10-20 MeV as nuclear excitation energy. *In the capture reaction of a muonic nucleus of an atomic number Z, multiple neutrons are emitted from the compound nuclear excited state (20 to 10 MeV) of the Z-1 nucleus, producing an isotope of the Z-1 nucleus. If a muon is captured by a carbon-12 atom, it becomes boron-12 and can excite the boron-12 nucleus to 20 to 10 MeV. Or it can excite a carbon atom to 20 to 10 MeV. (Boron-12 decays to carbon-12 or to two alpha rays via beryllium-8 in 20 milliseconds.) If a muon is captured by carbon-12 and the carbon-12 is excited to 10 MeV or more based on the rest mass energy of the muon, the carbon nucleus is given energy that exceeds the excitation energy of 7.65 MeV to the Hoyle state of carbon-12. And the excited carbon-12 may generate and output the energy of the carbon nucleus when it was bound, gamma rays, and three alpha rays and helium nuclei (if it subsequently proceeds to decompose into three heliums). *When boron-11 and a proton are fused, it can generate three helium-4 and an energy of 8.7 MeV through highly energized and excited carbon-12. In this application, carbon-12 is irradiated with muons to excite carbon-12 to the foil state, and the excited carbon can generate three helium-4 and an energy of 8.7 MeV (3.76 + 2 * 2.26 [MeV]). Based on the above assumption, in this invention, a muon nuclear fusion system or muon nuclear transmutation system may be constructed and implemented in which three alpha rays and energy (gamma rays) can be generated when muons are irradiated to a carbon nucleus (carbon-12), which is a nuclear fusion fuel or nuclear transmutation fuel. <From the perspective of carbon-13> Carbon in nature includes carbon-12, carbon-13, and carbon-14. When carbon-13 is irradiated with a muon, the muon and the proton in carbon-13 can be replaced by a neutron through a weak interaction, decreasing the atomic number Z by one, and becoming boron-13. Boron-13 has two decay modes, the mainstream (99.7%) negative beta decay produces carbon-13, and the (0.2%) positive beta decay produces carbon-12. Carbon-12 is as described above. * Muon irradiation of a hydrocarbon compound in which a proton is bound to carbon-13 can cause nuclear fusion of the proton with the carbon-13, producing nitrogen-14, gamma rays, and 7.54 MeV of energy, so it may be used in the nuclear fusion system and nuclear transmutation system of the present application.*In the carbon-carbon fusion process, although it may be difficult, muon fusion of two carbon-12 could produce magnesium-24, gamma radiation, and 13.3 MeV of energy. And since 13.3 MeV exceeds the 7.65 MeV excitation energy of carbon-12 to the Hoyle state, if that energy is used for excitation, carbon-12 can be put into the Hoyle state and a muon can be present, and the excited carbon-12 (if it then proceeds to decompose into three helium atoms) may produce the energy of the carbon nucleus when it was bound, gamma radiation, and three alpha rays and helium nuclei. (However, this carbon-carbon reaction seems likely to produce atoms with a larger Z than carbon, such as magnesium, which would trap the muon. If it were difficult to produce atoms with a larger Z than carbon, such as magnesium, the excited carbon-12 that was irradiated with a muon and became a muonic carbon atom might generate and output the energy it had when it was bound, gamma rays, and three alpha rays and a helium nucleus (if it then proceeds to decompose into three helium atoms). Carbon allotropes, graphite, graphene, and diamond made of carbon-12, hexagonal carbon nitride in which carbon-12 is replaced by nitrogen-14, and boron nitride, which does not contain carbon, are all examples. When muons are irradiated onto each of the elemental BN, differences may occur due to the presence or absence of carbon-12 and the presence or absence of nearby carbon-12.) <From the perspective of nearby carbon atoms and excited carbon atoms> When carbon-12 is irradiated with a muon and becomes an excited carbon atom 12C* and decays into three alpha rays, the excitation energy (or the muon and the excitation energy) can be transferred to the next adjacent carbon-12 atom, successively exciting and generating excited carbon-12 atoms (12C*), and then the decay of 12C* into helium-4 can be repeated, and energy may be continuously extracted by the nuclear transmutation of carbon-12 into helium.For example, if there is a polymer of hydrocarbon molecules (alkane, paraffin, alkene, olefin, polyacetylene) containing carbon-12 carbon chains and hydrogen, and the polymer is irradiated with muons, the carbon-12 and muons combine to generate muonic carbon-12 atoms excited from the ground state, which then have energy equal to or greater than the Hoyle state, generating three helium-4 atoms, which can be transmuted to generate energy, and may be used in the nuclear transmutation system of the present application and in the energy generation system and power generation system that apply it. If the energy for muon or carbon atom excitation can be transferred to adjacent carbon-12 atoms in the polymer (using muons as a catalyst for nuclear transmutation), a reaction (intramolecular muon-catalyzed nuclear transmutation reaction) can be carried out in which adjacent carbon-12 atoms in the polymer are transmuted into helium one after another (using muons as a catalyst for nuclear transmutation). For example, when the polymer is used instead of gas molecules such as borane or methane, the carbon atoms are bonded and close to each other in the polymer, so the distance over which the muon (or the excitation energy of the muon and the carbon atom) must be moved to the next atom can be reduced, compared to moving muons between other gas molecules or liquid molecules (such as methane) that are physically far away. In the present invention, it is considered advantageous to be able to achieve many nuclear transmutations within one molecule, so nuclear transmutation may be promoted by irradiating a polymer of hydrocarbon molecules containing carbon chains and hydrogen, including carbon-12, with muons. If excited carbon-12 (12C*) is something like an exciton, the excited state may be transferred (quantum mechanically tunneled) between adjacent excited atoms and ground atoms by resonance energy exchange (such as the inter- and intramolecular energy transfer of excitons in photosynthesis, or the excitation energy transfer of excitons in resonance energy transfer (Förster mechanism) or charge transfer (Dexter mechanism)), and the excitation energy and the excited state of carbon-12 may be transferred to adjacent carbon atoms, and carbon-12 may be transmuted into helium-4. (For example, in the Förster mechanism, the Förster resonance energy transfer efficiency / FRET efficiency changes inversely proportional to the sixth power of the interatomic / intermolecular distance between the donor and acceptor, and the smaller the distance, the higher the FRET efficiency.If the donor carbon-12 (12C*) excited by receiving the muon of the present application transfers the excitation energy to another acceptor carbon-12, the shorter the distance, the better the efficiency is expected. ) In one embodiment of the present application, in order to shorten the distance, carbon-12 may be bonded together to form a molecule to shorten the distance between the carbon-12, and the molecule may be irradiated with a muon. <Configuration using carbon and hydrogen> For example, (although it is unclear whether the reaction can be performed below and it is assumed that the number of neutrons and protons in the atomic nucleus increases by simply fusing), if carbon-13 (13C6) is bonded to deuterium D (2H1) and muon fusion is achieved, nitrogen-15 (15N7) may be produced. Nitrogen-15 is also expected to react with hydrogen and undergo nuclear fusion, and may be used in the nuclear fusion system of the present invention. If carbon-12 (12C6) is bonded to tritium T (3H1) and muon fusion is achieved, nitrogen-15 (15N7) may be produced, so it may be used. For example, the muon fusion fuel (aliphatic saturated hydrocarbons consisting of carbon-13 and deuterium) [(13C6)n(2H1)...

Claims

1. A nuclear transmutation system having a feature capable of decelerating muon particles, muon particles generated using cosmic rays, or cosmic ray muon particles using a decelerator, A nuclear transmutation system capable of binding the muons slowed down by the decelerator to source atoms to be transmuted, The reducer includes: Using a laser wakefield, or using an electric field, or using a magnetic field, or by using an electric field in the material, or by using a magnetic field in the material, Or, using a capacitor with multiple layers or a multi-layer capacitor, Or using the electric field generated by a capacitor, Or by using a material, or by using a material containing a source atom to which the muon decelerated in muon nuclear transmutation is to be bound, or by using a dielectric material, or by using an insulator material, or by using ionization cooling, or by using friction cooling, A nuclear transmutation system using a decelerator having a feature capable of decelerating the muon particle, The muons slowed down by the decelerator are transportable to the source atoms, Or, the decelerator and the raw material atoms can be connected, Or capable of bonding to the source atoms provided in the decelerator, Or a nuclear transmutation system capable of binding to source atoms contained in the moderator.

2. 2. The nuclear transmutation system according to claim 1, further comprising a step of transmuting atoms into atoms having an atomic number smaller than that of the source atoms to be transmuted.

3. 3. The nuclear transmutation system according to claim 2, wherein the source atoms are atoms of boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine, and the system further comprises a step of irradiating and injecting the decelerated muons into the source atoms.

4. A nuclear transmutation system including a muon particle decelerator capable of decelerating muon particles generated using cosmic rays or cosmic ray muon particles using the decelerator.

5. 5. The nuclear transmutation system according to claim 4, wherein the muons slowed down by the slower can be bound to source atoms to be transmuted.

6. The first raw material atoms are hydrogen atoms, helium atoms, lithium atoms, beryllium atoms, boron atoms, carbon atoms, nitrogen atoms, oxygen atoms, fluorine atoms, neon atoms, sodium atoms, and atoms A to be fused; 5. The nuclear transmutation system according to claim 4, characterized in that the second raw material atoms, which are hydrogen atoms, helium atoms, lithium atoms, beryllium atoms, boron atoms, carbon atoms, nitrogen atoms, oxygen atoms, fluorine atoms, neon atoms, sodium atoms, and atoms B to be fused, are nuclear transmuted using the decelerated cosmic muons.

7. a hydrogen atom which is the first raw material atom; The nuclear transmutation system according to claim 4, characterized in that the second raw material atoms, lithium, beryllium, boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and fluorine atoms, are nuclear transmuted using the decelerated cosmic muons.

8. 5. The nuclear transmutation system according to claim 4, further comprising a step of transmuting the source atom into an atom having an atomic number smaller than that of the source atom to be transmuted.

9. 5. The nuclear transmutation system according to claim 4, wherein the source atoms are atoms of boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine, and the system further comprises a step of irradiating and injecting the decelerated muons into the source atoms.

10. A nuclear transmutation system for performing muon nuclear fusion or muon nuclear transmutation using a nuclear fusion reaction system characterized in that the charge of the nuclei of atoms / particles produced by the nuclear fusion reaction is smaller than the charge of the nuclei of atoms / particles of a nuclear fusion fuel material, 1. A muon catalyzed fusion system using a boron hydride that is not a solid or a liquid or gaseous boron hydride, the fusion fuel material comprising boron atoms, 2. The nuclear transmutation system of claim 1, comprising a muon catalyzed nuclear fusion system comprising the steps of irradiating and injecting the moderated muons into the boron hydride and compressing the boron hydride irradiated and injected with the muons.

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