Filter device for removing particles from fluid

Abstract

To provide an improved filter for fluids.SOLUTION: A filter device for removing particles from a fluid according to the present invention comprises: a fluid chamber; and an inlet for fluid, an outlet for filtered fluid and an outlet for particles, each coupled to the fluid chamber. The filter device further comprises a flow directing mechanism for inducing a vortex flow around a vortex axis in the fluid chamber. The filter device further comprises an inlet chamber coupled to the inlet. Therein: the inlet chamber is delimited from the fluid chamber by a wall member; and the inlet chamber comprises an inlet chamber sieve for sieving the fluid upstream from the wall member.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 9

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a filter device for removing particles from a fluid, the filter device comprising a fluid chamber and an inlet for a fluid, an outlet for a filtered fluid and an outlet for particles, each coupled to the fluid chamber, the filter device further comprising a flow directing mechanism for inducing vortex flows within the fluid chamber. [Background technology]

[0002] Such filter devices are known in the form of hydrocyclones or simply cyclones, which are devices for classifying, separating or sorting particles in a liquid suspension based on the ratio of their centripetal force to the flow resistance. Such devices operate by introducing the fluid to be filtered, i.e. a fluid with particles such as sand or sludge, through said fluid inlet into the fluid chamber of the hydrocyclone in such a way as to create a vortex in said fluid chamber. Hydrocyclones usually have a cylindrical section or chamber at the top, with the inlet for the fluid being tangentially positioned to create a vortex in the chamber. The inlet may therefore be equipped with a flow directing mechanism as described above.

[0003] Centrifugal acceleration causes particles to move away from the vortex's core or axis of rotation, while the fluid moves toward the core. Such hydrocyclones typically have two outlets on the axis: one at the bottom (underflow or reject) which serves as an outlet for the particles, and one at the top (overflow or accept) which serves as an outlet for the filtered fluid. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT EMBODIMENT It is a goal of the present invention, among other goals, to provide an improved filter for fluids. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] This goal is achieved, among other goals, by the method according to the attached claim 1. More specifically, to achieve this goal, among other goals, the fluid filter as described above is characterized in that the outlet for particles is coupled to the fluid chamber in a position substantially perpendicular to the vortex axis. The outlet for particles is therefore arranged radially outward with respect to the vortex axis as caused by the flow directing mechanism. Thus, particles such as sludge will be forced towards the outlet for particles. This results in an efficient filtration process, which is furthermore independent of the orientation of the filter device as a whole, i.e. independent of the direction of gravity. It is noted that by the position of the outlet in this context, it is meant the position where the outlet exits into the fluid chamber or where the outlet connects to the fluid chamber.

[0006] By means of a flow directing mechanism, or flow directing means, the fluid flow from the inlet is forced at least partially into a vortex or cyclone in the fluid chamber. The flow directing mechanism is configured to induce such a vortex, the vortex having a predefined vortex axis. The fluid flows or rotates, at least for a while, around said vortex axis. Particles in said flow are subjected to a centrifugal force and are therefore forced outwards. The centrifugal force is perpendicular to the vortex axis. An outlet for the particles is arranged at this position in the fluid chamber, whereby the particles are forced towards the outlet. The outlet for the particles is preferably arranged at a certain distance from said vortex axis, preferably in the direction of the centrifugal force.

[0007] Although the outlets are located at radial positions as described above, the outlets in the form of conduits may extend in other directions than radial. The outlet conduits may extend at an angle to the radial direction and / or be eccentrically located.

[0008] The flow directing mechanism may take any form and is configured to induce a swirling flow or vortex of liquid in the fluid chamber. The mechanism may, for example, comprise a plurality of vanes, which may be tangentially arranged in the fluid chamber. The filter device may further comprise at least one nozzle that introduces liquid into the fluid chamber with a tangential component. Preferably, a plurality of nozzles are provided, preferably arranged around the fluid chamber, thereby forming a stable vortex. The fluid inlet may also act as a flow directing mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, the fluid chamber is substantially cylindrical, which allows efficient vortex generation inside said chamber, and the vortex axis is preferably parallel to, or more preferably aligned with, the central axis of the cylindrical chamber, and the outlet for particles is preferably located in the cylindrical wall, or the inner side wall, of the fluid chamber to efficiently receive the particles.

[0010] According to a further preferred embodiment, the fluid chamber has a varying diameter and the outlet for particles is located at the position of the fluid chamber with the largest diameter. The particles are forced to a position farthest away from the vortex axis. By providing an outlet for particles at this position, the particles can be efficiently collected. Preferably, the fluid chamber has a varying diameter when viewed along the central axis of the fluid chamber. Preferably, the diameter is largest near half the length of the central axis and becomes smaller towards its end face. When viewed from the bottom to the top, the diameter first becomes larger and then becomes smaller.

[0011] According to a further preferred embodiment, at least a part of the inner wall of the fluid chamber is provided with a groove. A part of the fluid chamber, or preferably the entire inner circumference of the fluid chamber, is then provided with a groove of increased diameter, where the particles are collected. An outlet for the particles is then preferably arranged in the groove.

[0012] The filter device may be configured to continuously release particles from the particle outlet. However, it is preferred that the particle outlet comprises a valve that is movable between an open position and a closed position. In the closed position, there is no flow through the outlet. Any particles accumulate in the flow chamber, for example in the larger diameter parts or grooves. The outlet valve may be periodically opened to flush the filter device to wash away particles. Opening the valve results in particles being flushed through the particle outlet, especially when the flow of fluid through the fluid outlet is restricted or stopped, as will be explained in more detail below. The valve may include a rotary or ball valve, which may operate automatically depending on the pressure exerted thereon.

[0013] According to a further preferred embodiment, the valves are remotely operable and may comprise, for example, solenoid valves, which can be electrically actuated, thereby allowing the solenoid valves to be opened and closed remotely rather than manually, and furthermore, the solenoid valves may be controlled automatically, in particular by a control system.

[0014] According to a further preferred embodiment, the filter device comprises a controller for opening and closing the valve. The controller may comprise a timer device. Thus, the timing setting device is preferably operatively connected to the valve. By means of the timing setting device, the valve may be automatically closed or opened. For example, the timing setting device may open and close the valve for a predetermined period of time. In a further example, the timing setting device may open and close the valve at a predetermined time point. The timing setting device may further open and close the valve at a predetermined interval. This allows for automatic flushing of the device.

[0015] According to a further preferred embodiment, the filter device comprises a battery system for powering the valve and / or other components. The battery system allows for stand-alone operation of the valve, the operation of the valve including opening and closing the valve. The battery system allows the filter device to be used without connecting to an electrical grid. For example, the filter device can be used in areas not connected to an electrical grid. In a further example, the filter device can be used during a power outage.

[0016] According to a further preferred embodiment, the filter device comprises a photovoltaic power system or a general solar panel system for powering the valve and / or other components. The photovoltaic power system allows a stand-alone operation of the valve. The photovoltaic power system allows the filter device to be used without being connected to a power grid.

[0017] According to a further preferred embodiment, the filter device comprises a turbo-generator, said turbo-generator being configured to generate electrical power from the liquid flow. The turbo-generator allows for standalone operation of the filter device including the valves and other components. The turbo-generator allows the filter device to be used without connecting to an electrical grid. By configuring the turbo-generator to generate electrical power from the liquid flow, the filter device can be used even in the absence of an additional liquid flow, such as a river. Furthermore, by configuring the turbo-generator to generate electrical power from the liquid flow, a compact filter device is achieved.

[0018] According to a further preferred embodiment, the turbo-generator is located downstream from the outlet for the filtered liquid. By locating the turbo-generator downstream from the outlet for the filtered liquid, the turbo-generator can generate power from the filtered liquid. Producing power from the filtered liquid increases the lifespan of the turbo-generator compared to generating power from unfiltered liquid due to particles in the unfiltered liquid that would damage the turbine. Furthermore, particles in the unfiltered liquid would increase the likelihood of turbine failure. In addition, particles in the unfiltered liquid would reduce the efficiency of the turbo-generator.

[0019] It is preferred if the outlet for the filtered liquid is located in the center of the fluid chamber. When the particles are forced away from the center of the vortex, the inner or central part of the vortex will be substantially free of particles. If the outlet for the fluid is located in the center, the fluid in the core, i.e. near or at the vortex axis, can then be discharged. Preferably, the outlet for the filtered fluid is now aligned with the vortex axis.

[0020] To ensure that the fluid from the outlet for the filtered fluid is free of particles, it is preferred if the device further comprises a sieve. Preferably, the outlet for the filtered fluid may comprise a sieve, for example at the position where the outlet exits or connects into the fluid chamber. Preferably, the sieve is located upstream from the outlet for the filtered fluid, more preferably downstream from the outlet for the particles. This causes the particles to be mainly pushed to the location furthest away from the vortex axis, whereby they are collected at the inner circumference of the fluid chamber and can then be flushed out of the fluid chamber through the outlet for the particles, as further described below. Particles that are not collected at this location furthest away from the vortex axis can still be stopped by the sieve.

[0021] If the sieve is cylindrical, clogging of the sieve is prevented. Any particles accumulated in the fluid chamber do not block the passage of the sieve. The sieve is preferably located centrally in the fluid chamber. More preferably, the central axes of the cylindrical sieve and the cylindrical fluid chamber coincide. The outlet for the filtered fluid is preferably located inside said cylindrical sieve. The outlet for the filtered fluid can then be aligned with the central axes of the sieve and the fluid chamber.

[0022] It should be noted that the provision of the sieve, and in particular its location, can also be carried out in a filter device without the outlet for the particles being arranged substantially perpendicular to the vortex axis. Other locations for the outlet for the particles may also be used.

[0023] A further preferred embodiment of the fluid filter further comprises an inlet chamber coupled to the inlet, the inlet chamber being separated from the fluid chamber by a wall member. The fluid is then preferably buffered in the inlet chamber before flowing in the fluid chamber. This ensures that a suitable vortex can be formed in the fluid chamber.

[0024] The flow directing feature is then preferably at least partially formed by a conduit, e.g. an opening, between the inlet chamber and the fluid chamber. The conduit may be shaped to direct the flow in a vortex. Thus, the wall member preferably comprises at least one opening having a shape to induce a vortex flow in the fluid chamber.

[0025] The wall member may be provided with one opening, e.g. an obliquely shaped oriented groove, for inducing a vortex in the fluid chamber when in use. Additionally or alternatively, the wall member comprises a plurality of nozzles for inducing a vortex in the fluid chamber. Preferably, each nozzle of the plurality of nozzles is configured to be fed (or fed) by the inlet chamber, such that each nozzle has a substantially uniform flow with respect to the other nozzles of the plurality of nozzles. This results in a highly stable and powerful vortex, effectively filtering the fluid to remove particles. The nozzle may have the shape of an opening or a conduit in the wall member. Also, the nozzle may protrude from the wall member in the fluid chamber, thereby inducing a vortex after introducing the liquid through the nozzle. Preferably, the opening or more specifically the nozzle is oriented tangentially to induce a swirling flow or vortex in the fluid chamber. The nozzles or openings are preferably arranged in positions of the wall member at equal mutual distances on a circle. The center of such circle may then be aligned with the vortex axis.

[0026] According to a further preferred embodiment, the inner wall of the nozzle is parallel to the direction of the liquid flow. Because the inner wall of the nozzle is parallel to the direction of the liquid flow in the nozzle, particles small enough to flow into the nozzle are also small enough to flow out of the nozzle, thus preventing clogging of the nozzle. Preferably, the inner wall of the nozzle extends in the direction of the liquid flow.

[0027] The optional wall member may be supported within the housing of the filter device in any known manner. Preferably, the filter device comprises a housing chamber, the housing chamber being divided into an inlet chamber and a fluid chamber by the wall member, the wall member extending between the inlet chamber and the fluid chamber.

[0028] According to a further preferred embodiment, an optional cylindrical sieve is configured to be coaxial between the wall member and the wall of the fluid chamber. This sieve is then firmly fixed. An outlet for the filtered fluid is then preferably arranged at that location in the wall of the fluid chamber. Preferably, the sieve is arranged around the outlet for the filtered fluid. The sieve then preferably abuts against the wall member and the wall of the fluid chamber.

[0029] According to a further preferred embodiment, the sieve is a filter. A sieve can separate particles from a liquid with a single perforated layer, while a filter can further separate particles from a liquid through a multi-layered grid. For example, a filter can separate microplastics from a liquid.

[0030] According to a further preferred embodiment, the sieve comprises a wire mesh. Preferably, the wire mesh is woven using threads with a round cross section. The sieve can be as fine as 40 μm. If a finer sieve is required, a filter can be used in practice, for example a multi-layer filter.

[0031] Clogging of the sieve is at least partially prevented.

[0032] According to a further preferred embodiment, the housing of the filter device comprises at least two housing parts. Due to the two housing parts, the filter can be easily assembled and installed, for example for cleaning or part replacement, as will be explained in more detail below. By providing two housing parts, the components of the filter device can be held between these parts so that a compact configuration is obtained. The filter components can furthermore be easily fixed between the two housing parts.

[0033] The filter device preferably has only two housing parts. Alternatively, two outer housing parts may be arranged and the other housing component may be arranged between the two outer housing parts. The outer housing parts may for example clamp the other part therebetween using a fastening means.

[0034] Preferably, the housing parts are connected using screws or other fastening means. By connecting the housing parts using screws, the housing parts can be tightly fixed. This prevents leakage and disassembly of the filter device.

[0035] According to a further preferred embodiment, the wall member is fixed between two housing parts, where no additional fixing means are required, for example the wall member may be fixed to its edge by fixing the edge between alignment notches in the two housing parts, the two aligned notches forming a single notch when the two housing parts abut.

[0036] According to a further preferred embodiment, the sieve is fixed between the housing part and the wall member, and for the sieve no additional fixing means are then required, for example the sieve can be fixed on its edge by fixing it between a notch or protrusion in the housing part and / or a notch or protrusion in the wall member.

[0037] According to a further preferred embodiment, the filter device can be disassembled into separate housing parts and wall members. The filter can therefore be easy to transport. The filter components can also be easily removed or replaced. For example, an additional filter component can also be easily fixed between two housing parts or between a housing part and a wall member.

[0038] According to a further preferred embodiment, the sieve is replaceable after or during disassembly of the filter device or its components. By having a replaceable sieve, the filter device can be adapted to different applications. For example, the sieve can be replaced with a filter. The sieve can further be replaced with a different sieve. By having a replaceable sieve, the life of the filter device can be extended. For example, if the sieve is damaged and the filter device is therefore effectively non-functional, the sieve can be replaced. By having a replaceable sieve, the sieve can be removed after or during disassembly. The sieve can then be cleaned or repaired and placed in the filter device during assembly.

[0039] Thus, according to a further aspect, a kit of parts is provided comprising a filter device, in particular in the form of two housing parts, and a number of sieves, preferably of different types, such that the user can then assemble the filter device with the desired type of sieve, or, if the same sieves are provided, replace them when necessary.

[0040] In the case where an inlet chamber is defined, according to a further preferred embodiment, said inlet chamber comprises an inlet sieve for sieving the liquid upstream from the flow directing mechanism or wall member. By sieving the liquid upstream from the wall member, clogging of the flow directing mechanism or wall member by particles in the liquid is prevented. Furthermore, by sieving the liquid upstream from the wall member, damage to the wall member by particles flowing through the wall member is limited. Thus, any opening in the wall member is wider than the opening of the inlet sieve. Thus, the size of the holes through the inlet chamber sieve is at least as small as the size of the opening in the wall member, so that any particles passing through the inlet chamber sieve will certainly pass through the wall member and clog the wall member. For example, the inlet chamber sieve is a mesh. In a different example, the inlet chamber sieve is a perforated plate.

[0041] According to a further preferred embodiment, the inlet chamber sieve is supported by the wall member. By supporting the inlet chamber sieve, a movement of the inlet chamber sieve is prevented when the liquid flows through the inlet chamber sieve. The inlet chamber sieve is preferably supported in a direction having at least a component opposite to the direction of liquid flow. The inlet chamber sieve is supported by a protruding member, which is preferably arranged on the wall member. The protruding member is configured to create a constant distance between the inlet chamber sieve and the surface of the wall member. The constant distance between the inlet chamber sieve and the surface of the wall member allows the liquid to flow through the entire area of ​​the sieve.

[0042] According to a further preferred embodiment, the inlet chamber sieve comprises a plurality of truncated cones. The sieve is then shaped as a truncated cone. The top of the truncated cone preferably extends towards the inlet, i.e. in the opposite direction to the fluid flow. Thus, preferably, the opening of the truncated cone from the upstream base to the downstream base is oriented in the direction of the liquid flow, and the cross section of the opening of the truncated cone preferably expands in the direction of the liquid flow. The truncated cone is configured to allow the liquid to flow through the opening through the truncated cone and to block particles in the liquid. The cross section of the truncated cone expands in the direction of the liquid flow, and the particles are blocked inside the truncated cone, thereby preventing them from clogging the sieve.

[0043] The apex of the upstream truncated cone preferably projects upstream to direct blocked particles away from the opening through the truncated cone to prevent clogging of the opening in the truncated cone. Preferably, a plurality of cones are provided and particles are collected between the cones near the base of each.

[0044] According to one alternative embodiment, the inlet chamber sieve has the shape of a truncated pyramid, with the opening of the truncated pyramid from the upstream apex to the downstream base oriented in the direction of liquid flow and the cross section of the truncated pyramid expanding in the direction of liquid flow.

[0045] According to a further preferred embodiment, the normal of the plane of the upstream apex of the truncated cone forms an angle with the direction of liquid flow. By configuring the upstream apex of the truncated cone or pyramid to have an orientation with at least one component perpendicular to the direction of liquid flow, particles blocked by the inlet chamber sieve can be directed away from the opening through the truncated cone or pyramid. Thus, clogging is prevented.

[0046] Preferably, the inlet chamber sieve comprises a plate, such as a base plate, comprising a plurality of truncated cones or pyramids disposed thereon. The passages may be formed by truncating the apex of each of the cones or pyramids. The truncated openings in the apex preferably extend at an angle with respect to the base plate. In particular, the openings are oriented at an angle of, for example, 10° or more with respect to a plane perpendicular to the flow direction.

[0047] According to a further preferred embodiment, the sieve is made by punching: cones or pyramids can be formed by punching the respective shape into a plate-like element.

[0048] According to a further preferred embodiment, the sieve is made by injection molding.

[0049] According to a further preferred embodiment, the inlet chamber comprises an outlet for particles blocked by the inlet chamber sieve. Due to the presence of an outlet for blocked particles, particles blocked by the inlet chamber sieve can be removed from the inlet chamber. Removing blocked particles from the inlet chamber prevents clogging of the inlet chamber or the inlet chamber sieve. The outlet preferably has a component perpendicular to the direction of liquid flow. The outlet for blocked particles is particularly arranged to match particles blocked by the inlet chamber sieve and is oriented in a direction having a component perpendicular to the direction of liquid flow away from the holes through the inlet chamber sieve. Preferably, the outlet for blocked particles is arranged eccentrically with respect to the central axis of the liquid flow in order to more optimally receive blocked particles by the outlet for blocked particles.

[0050] According to a further preferred embodiment, the filter device comprises a blocked particle outlet valve, which is preferably movable between an open position and a closed position and is preferably configured to block any axial flow through the blocked particle outlet in the closed position. The blocked particle outlet valve can prevent liquid from entering the blocked particle outlet during liquid filtration so that all liquid is filtered and can flow through the filtered liquid outlet.

[0051] According to a further preferred embodiment, the inlet chamber further comprises a second inlet for flushing the blocked particles from the inlet chamber, preferably to the outlet for blocked particles. Due to the presence of the second inlet, a fluid can be introduced to flush the blocked particles from the inlet chamber to the outlet for blocked particles, in order to prevent clogging of the inlet chamber or the inlet chamber sieve. In particular, particles prevented by the liquid flow from being directed to the outlet for blocked particles can be flushed by the fluid introduced by the second inlet. Furthermore, particles prevented by the inlet chamber sieve from being directed to the outlet for blocked particles can be flushed by the fluid introduced by the second inlet.

[0052] For example, particles may be trapped between the truncated cones or pyramids and directed to the outlet for blocked particles when directed by the fluid from the second inlet. The second inlet preferably has a component perpendicular to the direction of liquid flow. By having a component substantially perpendicular to the direction of liquid flow, the second inlet is specifically configured to introduce fluid to particles blocked by the inlet chamber sieve and directed away from the holes through the inlet chamber sieve in a direction having a component perpendicular to the direction of liquid flow. Preferably, the second inlet is positioned eccentrically to the central axis of the liquid flow to have flow through a substantial portion of the inlet chamber during flushing of the inlet chamber.

[0053] According to a further preferred embodiment, the filter device comprises a second inlet valve configured to, in a closed position, block any axial flow through the second inlet. The second inlet valve can prevent liquid from entering the second inlet during filtration of the liquid so that all liquid is filtered and can flow through the outlet for the filtered liquid.

[0054] According to a further preferred embodiment, a pump is positioned upstream from the second inlet for introducing and flushing fluid into the inlet chamber. This pump and inlet may also be used to flush any particles from the fluid chamber using the outlet for particles.

[0055] According to a further preferred embodiment, the filter device comprises an inlet valve, which in a closed position is configured to block any axial flow through the inlet for liquid, which can prevent fluid and blocked particles from entering the inlet upon flushing of the inlet chamber, so that all blocked particles can be flushed and collected by the outlet for blocked particles.

[0056] According to a further preferred embodiment, the filter device comprises an outlet valve, which in a closed position is configured to block any axial flow through the outlet for the filtered liquid, the outlet valve being capable of preventing fluid and particles from entering the outlet upon flushing of the fluid chamber, so that all particles are flushed and can be collected by the outlet for particles.

[0057] According to a further preferred embodiment, a pump is arranged downstream of the outlet for the liquid. The pump can be operated to cause a flow of the liquid through the filter device. The pump can further generate a flow through the filter device to enable the filter device to filter the liquid. An outlet valve can then be arranged between the filter and the pump.

[0058] According to a further preferred embodiment, a hydrophore system is arranged downstream of the outlet for the liquid. Preferably, the hydrophore system comprises an expandable container. Preferably, a pump applies pressure to the hydrophore system.

[0059] According to a further preferred embodiment, the hydrophore system is configured to apply pressure to the inlet chamber via the second inlet. A conduit may be provided. Since the hydrophore system can provide flow through the inlet chamber, the hydrophore system can be used to flush the filter device. For example, if the filter device is clogged and the downstream pump cannot provide flow through the filter device, the hydrophore can provide a fluid flow through the filter device to flush the filter device.

[0060] According to a further preferred embodiment, the filter device comprises a controller. Preferably, the controller is configured to control the pump and / or other components. The pump can be controlled to prevent pumping when the filter device is too clogged. For example, the controller is configured to send an input signal to the pump. The input signal can be based on the pressure in the fluid chamber. For example, the pump is controlled to be turned off when the pressure in the fluid chamber is below a threshold value.

[0061] According to a further preferred embodiment, the controller is configured to control the hydrophore system in applying pressure to the inlet chamber.

[0062] According to a further preferred embodiment, the controller is configured to control any valve. For example, the controller can control the valve for the outlet for particles, the inlet valve, the outlet valve, the second inlet valve and / or the valve for the outlet for blocked particles. By controlling any of the valves, the valves can be controlled accordingly during the filtration of the liquid, so that the liquid flows only through the inlet and the filtered liquid flows only through the outlet. Furthermore, the valves can also be controlled accordingly during the flushing of the filter device. For example, blocked particles are prevented from flowing through the inlet.

[0063] It will be appreciated that the concepts of the valves and other components of the filter device may be used in filter devices without an inlet chamber defined by a wall member.

[0064] When the outlet for the filtered fluid is aligned with the inlet for the fluid, a compact filter device is obtained that can be efficiently inserted into a fluid piping system. Such a fluid piping system can be, for example, a water piping system, a fuel piping system for liquid fuels such as gasoline, diesel, kerosene, biofuel, and / or the like. The filter device can be placed, for example, in the piping system of a fueling station and / or a fuel supply system, so that particles in the supplying main fuel are filtered out and do not end up in the vehicle's fuel tank and / or the vehicle's motor, where they could otherwise cause damage and / or wear.

[0065] The filter device can be manufactured efficiently and compactly. The filter device is therefore suitable for use in a fluid piping system. The filter device can be placed, for example, at the inlet of a (water) piping system of a building or house to prevent dirt particles such as sand from entering the water piping system in such a building and preventing damage to other components. According to a further aspect, a fluid piping system comprising the filter device, or a building provided with such a fluid piping system, is provided.

[0066] Another aspect relates to a method of filtering a fluid using a filter device as described above, the method including the steps of introducing a fluid into a fluid inlet, filtering the fluid, and providing a filtered fluid from an outlet for the fluid.

[0067] The method preferably further comprises the step of flushing the filter device, which step comprises: - opening a valve provided in an outlet for particles from a closed position to an open position for a predetermined period of time; - collecting particles from an outlet for particles; - moving the valve to a closed position.

[0068] The particles trapped in the fluid chamber are then efficiently removed from the fluid chamber via the particle outlet. The particles are flushed away by introducing liquid via the liquid inlet. The flow for flushing away the particles can be generated, for example, by a pump located upstream of the filter to push the fluid flow through the filter, a suction pump located at the particle outlet downstream of the filter, a suction pump located downstream of the liquid outlet, and / or a manually operable pump to generate a fluid flow through the filter and thus a vortex.

[0069] It is then preferred if the method further comprises the step of restricting the flow of the outlet for the fluid in order to facilitate flow from the inlet to the outlet for the particles. The fluid flow at the outlet for the fluid can for example be blocked. This can be achieved by a valve or for example by closing all water taps downstream, for example in a building such as a house.

[0070] The method for filtering a fluid using a filter device as described above preferably further comprises the step of flushing the inlet chamber, which step comprises: - introducing a fluid into the inlet chamber through a second inlet; - collecting the blocked particles from the inlet chamber through an outlet for blocked particles.

[0071] The particles blocked by the inlet chamber sieve are then efficiently removed from the inlet chamber via the outlet for blocked particles. The particles are flushed away by introducing a fluid via the second inlet. The flow for flushing away the blocked particles can be generated, for example, by a pump located upstream of the filter to push the fluid flow through the inlet chamber, a suction pump located at the outlet for blocked particles, and / or a manually operable pump to generate a fluid flow through the inlet chamber.

[0072] The method for flushing the inlet chamber, in which the controller may be disposed, further comprises the sequential steps of operating the valve, the sequential steps comprising: - opening a valve at the blocked particle outlet; - opening a second inlet valve; - closing the second inlet valve after flushing; - closing the valve of the blocked particle outlet.

[0073] During flushing, the inlet valve may be closed to open after flushing.

[0074] The blocked particles are then prevented from flowing through the inlet for the liquid. After flushing the inlet chamber, the valve can be operated to filter the liquid such that the liquid flows only through the inlet and the filtered liquid flows only through the outlet for the filtered liquid. A pump can be provided at the second inlet and operated to supply liquid to the second inlet during flushing.

[0075] The method for filtering a fluid using the filter device preferably further comprises the step of flushing the fluid chamber, which step comprises: - introducing a fluid into the inlet chamber through a second inlet; - collecting the particles from the fluid chamber through an outlet for the particles.

[0076] The particles in the fluid chamber are then effectively removed from the fluid chamber via the particle outlet. The particles are flushed away by introducing a fluid via the second inlet. The flow for flushing away the particles can be generated, for example, by a pump disposed upstream of the filter to push the fluid flow through the fluid chamber, a suction pump disposed at the particle outlet, and / or a manually operable pump to generate a fluid flow through the fluid chamber.

[0077] The method for flushing a fluid chamber, in which the controller may be disposed, further includes the step of operating the valve, the step comprising: - keeping a valve of the blocked particle outlet in a closed position; - opening a valve at an outlet for the particles; - opening a second inlet valve; - closing the second inlet valve after flushing; - closing a valve provided at the outlet for the particles.

[0078] Before and after flushing, the inlet and outlet valves may be closed to be subsequently opened.

[0079] Fluid for flushing the fluid chamber is prevented from flowing through the inlet for the liquid, the second inlet, and / or the outlet for the filtered liquid. After flushing the fluid chamber, the valves can be operated to filter the liquid such that the liquid flows only through the inlet and the filtered liquid flows only through the outlet for the filtered liquid.

[0080] The method for filtering a fluid using a filter device as described above preferably further comprises the step of timing the opening and closing of the valve, which step comprises: - providing a timing device for timing the opening and closing of the valve for a predetermined period of time; - providing a signal to close or open the valve based on a time setting.

[0081] The particles trapped in the fluid chamber are then automatically removed from the fluid chamber via the particle outlet. The timing of opening and closing the valve may be controlled by a timing setting device.

[0082] The present invention is further illustrated by the following figures, which show preferred embodiments of a filter device, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0083] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a filter device. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the filter device of FIG. [Diagram 3] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a flow directing mechanism. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the filter device. [Diagram 5] 1A-1C show different embodiments of a filter device. [Figure 6] 1A-1C show different embodiments of a filter device. [Figure 7] 1A-1C show different embodiments of a filter device. [Figure 8] 1A-1C show different embodiments of a filter device. [Figure 9] 1A-1C show different embodiments of a filter device. [Figure 10] 10 is a cross-sectional view of the filter device of FIG. 9. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a top view of the filter device of FIG. [Figure 12] 10A-10C are cross-sectional views showing different sections of the filter device of FIG. [Figure 13] FIG. 1 shows a system for operating a valve. [Figure 14] FIG. 13 shows holes in an inlet chamber sieve in one embodiment of a filter device. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the inlet chamber sieve of FIG. [Figure 16] FIG. 1 illustrates a system for controlling the pump, hydrophore system, and valves. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0084] With reference to Figure 1, a filter device or simply filter 1 is shown comprising a housing 10. The filter 1 further comprises an inlet 2 for a fluid, an outlet 3 for the fluid, and an outlet 4 for particles such as mud and sand. The inlet 2 and outlet 3 are aligned and provided with threads 21 and 31, allowing for an efficient coupling of the filter 1 within a water piping system. In Figure 2, the outlet 3 is shown alternatively provided with a female thread 31.

[0085] 2, it can be seen that in this example the housing 10 comprises two housing parts 11 and 12 which are connected in this example using screws 13. Inside the housing a housing chamber 14 is defined to which an inlet 2 and outlets 3, 4 are connected. Each of the inlet 2 and outlets 3, 4 exits into the housing chamber 14.

[0086] Provided within the housing chamber 14 is a wall member 5, shown in isolation in Figure 3, which divides the housing chamber 14 into an inlet chamber 15 which connects to the inlet 2, and a fluid chamber 16 which connects to the outlets 3 and 4. The inlet chamber 15 acts as a buffer for the liquid.

[0087] In the wall member 5, openings 51 forming nozzles 54 are provided at regular intervals on a circle. The nozzles 54 have openings 52 oriented tangentially around the central axis A1 (see FIG. 4) of the fluid chamber 16. Liquid entering the inlet chamber 15, indicated by arrow A in FIG. 2, flows into the openings 51 and exits the nozzles 54 through the openings 52 into the fluid chamber 16. Thus, a vortex, indicated by arrow B in FIG. 4, will be created in the fluid chamber 16. Thus, the wall member 5 with the openings 51 and 52 is configured to induce a vortex of the liquid in the fluid chamber 16. The liquid will rotate around the vortex axis coinciding with the central axis A1 of the fluid chamber 16.

[0088] An outlet 4 for the particles is disposed perpendicular to and spaced away from the vortex axis A1, as can be best seen in Figures 2 and 4. Through centrifugal force, the particles are urged away from the vortex axis A1 towards the inner sidewall 16a of the fluid chamber 16. This is shown diagrammatically by the arrow F in Figure 4. The outlet 4 is disposed in this inner sidewall 16a, or at least the outlet 4 exits into the fluid chamber 16 at the inner sidewall 16a.

[0089] As the particles move outward, the particle-free liquid moves inward, as shown by arrow C in Figures 2 and 4, and is allowed to flow into outlet 3 for filtered fluid. To prevent liquid from flowing into outlet 3, a sieve 6 is provided. The sieve 6 is arranged between the lower wall 16b of the fluid chamber 16 and the lower wall 5b of the wall member 5 (see Figure 3), which in this example is provided with a recess 53. The outlet 3 is arranged inside the cylindrical sieve 6.

[0090] In particular, in Figure 2, it can be seen that the fluid chamber 16 is substantially cylindrical, but the diameter of the chamber 16 varies across the axis A1. The wider the chamber 16, i.e. the inner side wall 16a, is, as viewed in the height direction in this figure, the further away from the central axis A1 it is in this area that particles accumulate. The inner side wall 16a is further provided with a groove 17, and the outlet 4 is located at the location of this groove 17.

[0091] The outlet 4 is connected to a piping element 41 which is provided with a valve 42. This allows the outlet 4 to be opened and closed. In the closed position there is no flow through the outlet, at least not through the tube 41. Any particles in the fluid accumulate on the periphery of the fluid chamber 16. The outlet 4 is arranged on this periphery so that when the valve is opened the liquid entrains any particles accumulated in the fluid chamber 16 and flushes them through the outlet 4, washing them away. The fluid chamber 16 can therefore be efficiently flushed.

[0092] In Figure 5 an alternative form of wall member 5 is shown where the flow directing mechanism for inducing a vortex within the fluid chamber 16 comprises a plurality of conduits 51 passing through the wall member 5. The conduits 51 are oriented tangentially about the central axis A1 to generate a vortex about said central axis A1. Figure 6 shows another example where the flow directing mechanism 5 takes the form of a nozzle 54.

[0093] In the example of Figure 7, the flow is directed into a vortex within the fluid chamber 16 by a central opening 51 which is provided with tangentially oriented grooves 59 for redirecting the flow. It can further be seen that the inlet chamber can be very small and even formed by the inlet 2 itself. In this example, the sieve 6 is dome shaped but is still positioned around the outlet 3. In the embodiment of Figure 8, the flow directing means 5 is formed between the inlet chamber 15 and the fluid chamber 16 and directs the liquid into a radially outward vortex using obliquely oriented channels 58.

[0094] In the embodiment of Figures 9 to 12, the wall member 5 is fixed between the two housing parts 11, 12 and an inlet chamber 15 is defined upstream of the wall member 5. The inlet chamber 15 is provided with an inlet chamber sieve 7, which in this example is fixed between the housing part 11 and the wall member 5. The wall member 5 is further configured to support the inlet chamber sieve 7 by means of a protruding member 8. The inlet chamber sieve 7 filters out any larger particles coming from the liquid and prevents clogging of the opening 51 in the wall member 5, and the inlet chamber sieve 7 is configured to block particles in the liquid downstream from the inlet 2.

[0095] In Fig. 14 an example of an inlet chamber sieve 7 is shown in more detail, while Fig. 15 shows a cross section of the sieve 7. The direction of liquid flow through the inlet chamber sieve 7 is indicated by the arrow G, which corresponds to the longitudinal direction of the filter device extending between the inlet and the outlet. The inlet chamber sieve 7 has a projection shaped like a truncated cone 72, the hole of the inlet chamber sieve 7 is formed by an opening 71 that runs from the upstream apex 74 of the truncated cone to the downstream base 75 of the truncated cone, the cross section of the opening 71 expanding in the direction of liquid flow. In Fig. 15 a cross section of the inlet chamber sieve 7 of Fig. 14 is shown. The inner wall 73 of the opening 71 through the truncated cone 72 expands in the direction of liquid flow. Fig. 14 further shows that the normal 76 of the plane of the upstream base of the truncated cone makes an angle with the direction of liquid flow. The particles do not block the openings and move to a position between the truncated cones 72.

[0096] To flush and wash away the particles remaining on the sieve 7, or generally from the filter device 1, for example the wall member 5, an outlet 18 for blocked particles is connected to the inlet chamber 15, see in particular FIG. 11. This outlet is provided with a valve, which when opened allows the particles to be flushed through the outlet 18. The fluid for flushing the outlet 18 may come from the inlet 2. However, it is also possible to provide a second inlet 19 for fluid, which is connected to the inlet chamber 15. The flow of fluid from the second inlet 19 is indicated by the arrow H in FIGS. 9 and 11. The fluid for flushing the inlet chamber 15 is introduced by the second inlet 19, as indicated by the arrow H. The outlet 18 for blocked particles is configured to collect the fluid together with the particles blocked by the inlet chamber sieve 7, as indicated by the arrow K.

[0097] The inlet 19 may also be used to flush the fluid chamber 16. Flushing is then possible without supplying liquid from the inlet 2. A pump or other fluid source may be coupled to the second inlet 19, for example.

[0098] In FIG. 13, a schematic of the filter device 1 is shown, which comprises a valve 42 for flushing particles in the outlet 4 for particles. The valve 42 is configured to receive a signal from a control module 60 to close or open the valve 42. In this example, the control module 60 comprises a timing setting device 61 for providing a signal to close or open the valve 42 for a certain time. The control module 60 further comprises a battery system 62 for powering the valve 42. FIG. 13 further shows a solar power generation system 63 for powering the valve 42 and / or for charging the battery system 62. FIG. 13 further shows a turbine 65 connected to the outlet 3 for filtered fluid downstream from the filter device 1. A generator 64 is configured to power the valve 42 and / or charge the battery system 62 using the flow of liquid through the turbine 65.

[0099] In FIG. 16, the filter device 1 is provided upstream from a pump 81. The pump 81 may be operatively connected to the control module 60 for controlling the pump 81. A hydrophore system 80 is further provided. A valve 42 for flushing particles in the outlet 4 for particles is again shown in schematic form. Also shown are a valve 42a associated with the outlet 18 for blocked particles and a second inlet valve 42b associated with the second inlet 19. Also shown are a valve 42c for the inlet 2 and a valve 42d associated with the outlet 3. The valve 42d is located between the outlet 3 and the pump 81.

[0100] The valves 42, 42a, 42c, and 42d are configured to receive signals from the control module 60 to open and close the respective valves. The pump 81 is configured to receive signals from the control module 60 to cause a flow of liquid through the filter device 1. In the hydrophore system 80, the liquid pressure can be maintained by the pump 81. The control module 60 is configured to measure the pressure inside the filter device 1. In this example, a second pump 82 is shown to provide liquid for flushing the filter 1. However, the second inlet 19 may be coupled to the hydrophore system 80 or other pressure systems.

[0101] The control module 60 may be further configured to send a signal to the pump 81 to turn it off, or alternatively, a signal may be sent to the controller 60 indicating that the pump is off. The control module 60 may be further configured to control the hydrophore system 80. The control module may be further configured to, for example, open the second inlet valve 42b to flush at least a portion of the filter device 1 when the pump 81 is off. The pump 82 and / or the hydrophore system 80 may then be configured to provide a fluid flow through the second inlet 19.

[0102] The control module may be configured to open the blocked particle valve 42a in the outlet 18 for blocked particles. The fluid flow for flushing the inlet chamber 15 then flushes the blocked particles through the outlet 18 for blocked particles. The valve 42, and preferably also the valve 42d, may then be closed to urge the fluid through the outlet 18. The control module 60 may be configured to close the inlet valve 42c to prevent the blocked particles from entering the inlet 2 for liquid. The control module 60 may further be configured to close the outlet valve 42d in the outlet 3 for filtered liquid to prevent the fluid for flushing at least a portion of the filter device 1 from entering the outlet 3 for filtered liquid.

[0103] After flushing, the control module 60 may be further configured to close the valve 42a for blocked particles to prevent fluid for flushing the fluid chamber 16 from entering the outlet 18 for blocked particles. Then, in a next step, the fluid chamber 16 may be flushed by opening the valve 42, for example, also using fluid from the inlet 19. Alternatively, the valves 42a and 42 may be opened simultaneously, or the valve 42 may be opened before the valve 42a, and the valve 42a may be opened after the valve 42 is closed.

[0104] The present invention is further illustrated by the following embodiments, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

[0105] 1. A filter device for removing particles from a fluid, the filter device comprising a fluid chamber and an inlet for fluid, an outlet for filtered fluid and an outlet for particles, each coupled to the fluid chamber, the filter device further comprising a flow directing mechanism for inducing a vortex flow in the fluid chamber about a vortex axis, the outlet for particles being coupled to the fluid chamber at a position substantially perpendicular to the vortex axis.

[0106] 2. A filter device as described in embodiment 1, wherein the fluid chamber is substantially cylindrical and the outlet for particles is disposed in the cylindrical wall.

[0107] 3. A filter as described in embodiment 1 or 2, wherein the fluid chamber has a varying diameter and the outlet for particles is located at the position in the fluid chamber having the largest diameter.

[0108] 4. A filter as described in embodiment 1, 2 or 3, wherein at least a portion of the inner wall of the fluid chamber is provided with grooves and the outlet for particles is located within the grooves.

[0109] 5. A filter device according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the outlet for particles comprises a valve that is movable between an open position and a closed position.

[0110] 6. A filter device according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the outlet for the fluid is aligned with the vortex axis.

[0111] 7. The filter device of any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the filter device further comprises a sieve, the sieve being positioned upstream from the outlet for the filtered fluid.

[0112] 8. A filter device as described in embodiment 7, wherein the sieve has a cylindrical shape.

[0113] 9. The filter device of any of the preceding embodiments, further comprising an inlet chamber coupled to the inlet, the inlet chamber separated from the fluid chamber by a wall member, the wall member comprising at least one opening shaped to induce vortex flow in the fluid chamber.

[0114] 10. A filter device as described in embodiment 9, wherein the wall member comprises a plurality of tangentially oriented nozzles for inducing vortex flows within the fluid chamber.

[0115] 11. A filter device as described in at least embodiments 8 and 9, wherein the cylindrical sieve is configured to be coaxial around the outlet for filtered fluid between the wall member and the wall of the fluid chamber.

[0116] 12. The filter device of any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the outlet for the filtered fluid is aligned with the inlet for the fluid.

[0117] 13. A fluid delivery system provided with a filter device according to any of the preceding embodiments.

[0118] 14. A method for filtering a fluid using a filter device as described in any of the preceding embodiments, comprising the steps of introducing a fluid into a fluid inlet, filtering the fluid, and providing a filtered fluid from an outlet for the fluid.

[0119] 15. The method further comprises the step of flushing the filter device, which step comprises: - restricting the flow at an outlet for the fluid; - opening a valve provided in an outlet for particles from a closed position to an open position for a predetermined period of time; - collecting particles from an outlet for particles; - moving the valve to a closed position.

[0120] The invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments, but extends to other embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims. Further aspects of the invention are provided by the subject matter of the following paragraphs. [Section 1] 1. A filter device for removing particles from a liquid, the filter device comprising a fluid chamber and an inlet for liquid, an outlet for filtered liquid and an outlet for particles, each coupled to the fluid chamber, the filter device further comprising a flow directing mechanism for inducing a vortex flow in the fluid chamber about a vortex axis, the outlet for the particles being coupled to the fluid chamber at a position substantially perpendicular to the vortex axis, the filter device further comprising an inlet chamber coupled to the inlet, the inlet chamber being separated from the fluid chamber by a wall member, the wall member comprising at least one opening shaped to induce the vortex flow in the fluid chamber. [Section 2] Item 11. The filter device of item 1, wherein the fluid chamber is substantially cylindrical and the outlet for the particles is disposed in the cylindrical wall. [Section 3] 3. The filter device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the fluid chamber has a varying diameter and the outlet for the particles is positioned at a position in the fluid chamber having the largest diameter. [Section 4] 4. The filter device of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least a portion of an inner wall of the fluid chamber is provided with a groove, and the outlet for the particles is disposed within the groove. [Section 5] 5. The filter device of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the outlet for particles comprises a valve that is movable between an open position and a closed position. [Section 6] Item 6. The filter device according to item 5, wherein the valve is a solenoid valve. [Section 7] Item 7. The filter device according to item 5 or 6, further comprising a timing setting device for opening and closing the valve. [Section 8] Item 8. The filter device of any one of items 5 to 7, further comprising a battery system for powering the valve. [Section 9] Item 9. The filter device of any one of items 5 to 8, further comprising a solar power generation system for powering the valve. [Section 10] 9. The filter device of any one of clauses 5 to 8, further comprising a turbine generator, the turbine generator configured to generate electrical power from the liquid flow. [Section 11] Item 11. The filter device of item 10, wherein the turbine generator is positioned downstream from the outlet for the filtered liquid. [Section 12] Item 12. The filter device of any one of items 1 to 11, wherein the outlet for the filtered liquid is aligned with the vortex axis. [Section 13] Item 13. The filter device of any one of items 1 to 12, further comprising a sieve, the sieve being positioned upstream from an outlet for the filtered liquid. [Section 14] Item 14. The filter device according to item 13, wherein the sieve has a cylindrical shape. [Section 15] Item 15. The filter device of item 14, wherein the cylindrical sieve is configured to be coaxial around the outlet for the filtered liquid between the wall member and the wall of the fluid chamber. [Section 16] Item 16. The filter device according to any one of items 13 to 15, wherein the sieve is a filter. [Section 17] Item 17. The filter device of any one of items 13 to 16, wherein the sieve comprises a wire mesh, the wire mesh being woven using yarns having a round cross-section. [Section 18] Item 18. The filter device of any one of items 1 to 17, wherein the housing of the filter device comprises two housing parts. [Section 19] Item 19. The filter device of item 18, wherein the wall member is fixed between the two housing parts. [Section 20] The filter device according to claim 19, wherein the sieve is fixed between a housing part and the wall member. [Section 21] 21. The filter device of any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the inlet chamber comprises an inlet chamber sieve for sieving the liquid upstream from the wall member. [Section 22] 22. The filter device of claim 21, wherein the inlet chamber sieve is supported by the wall member. [Section 23] Item 23. The filter device according to item 21 or 22, wherein the inlet chamber sieve is a mesh. [Section 24] Item 23. The filter device according to item 21 or 22, wherein the inlet chamber sieve is a perforated plate. [Section 25] 25. The filter device according to any one of claims 21 to 24, wherein the inlet chamber sieve is provided with a plurality of truncated cones, the openings of the truncated cones from the upstream apex to the downstream base being oriented in the direction of liquid flow, and the cross-sections of the truncated cones expanding in the direction of liquid flow. [Section 26] Item 26. A filter device according to item 25, wherein the normal to the plane of the upstream apex of the truncated cone forms an angle with respect to the direction of liquid flow. [Section 27] 27. The filter device of any one of claims 21 to 26, wherein the inlet chamber sieve is made by stamping or injection molding. [Section 28] 28. The filter device of any one of claims 21 to 27, wherein the inlet chamber comprises an outlet for particles blocked by the inlet chamber sieve. [Section 29] Item 29. The filter device of item 28, further comprising a blocked particle outlet valve configured to, in a closed position, block any axial flow through the blocked particle outlet. [Section 30] 30. The filter device of claim 28 or 29, wherein the inlet chamber further comprises a second inlet for flushing the blocked particles from the inlet chamber to an outlet for blocked particles. [Section 31] 31. The filter device of claim 30, further comprising a second inlet valve, the second inlet valve being configured to block any axial flow through the second inlet in a closed position. [Section 32] 32. The filter device of any one of claims 30 to 31, wherein a pump is positioned upstream from the second inlet for introducing and flushing fluid into the inlet chamber. [Section 33] Item 33. The filter device of any one of items 1 to 32, wherein the wall member comprises a plurality of tangentially oriented nozzles for inducing the vortex flow within the fluid chamber. [Section 34] Item 34. The filter device of any one of items 1 to 33, wherein the outlet for the filtered liquid is aligned with the inlet for the liquid. [Section 35] Item 35. A fluid piping system provided with a filter device according to any one of items 1 to 34. [Section 36] Item 36. A method for filtering a liquid using a filter device according to any one of items 1 to 35, comprising the steps of introducing a liquid into a liquid inlet, filtering the liquid, and providing the filtered liquid from an outlet for the filtered liquid. [Section 37] The method further comprises flushing the filter device, the flushing step comprising: restricting flow at an outlet for the filtered liquid; opening a valve in the particle outlet from a closed position to an open position for a predetermined period of time; collecting said particles from an outlet for said particles; and moving the valve to the closed position. [Section 38] The method further includes flushing the inlet chamber, the step of flushing the inlet chamber comprising: introducing a fluid into the inlet chamber through the second inlet; 38. The method of claim 36 or 37, comprising collecting the blocked particles from the inlet chamber through an outlet for the blocked particles. [Section 39] The method further includes flushing the fluid chamber, the step of flushing the fluid chamber comprising: introducing a fluid into the inlet chamber through the second inlet; 39. The method of any one of claims 36 to 38, comprising collecting the particles from the fluid chamber through an outlet for the particles. [Section 40] The method further includes a step of setting a timing for opening and closing the valve, the step of setting a timing for opening and closing the valve comprising: providing a timing device for timing the opening and closing of said valve for a predetermined period of time; and providing a signal to close or open the valve based on the time setting. [Explanation of symbols]

[0121] 1. Filter Device 2 Inlet for fluid 3 Outlets for fluids 4 Outlet for particles such as mud and sand 5 Wall components 5b Lower wall 6 sieve 7 Inlet chamber sieve 8 Protruding parts 10. Housing 11 and 12 Housing parts 13 Screws 14 Housing chamber 15 Inlet chamber 16 Fluid Chamber 16a Inner side wall 16b Lower wall 17 Groove 18 Exit 19 Second Entrance 21 and 31 threads 41 Piping Elements 42 Valve 42a Valve 42b Second inlet valve 42c Valve 42d Valve 51 Opening or conduit or central opening 52 Opening 53 Depression 54 Nozzle 58 Channels 59 Groove 60 Control Module 61 Timing Setting Device 62 Battery System 63 Photovoltaic Power Generation System 64 Generator 65 Turbine 71 Opening 72 Cone Frustum 73 Inner wall 74 Upstream top 75 Downstream base 76 Normal 80 Hydrophore System 81 Pump 82 Pump

Claims

1. 1. A filter device for removing particles from a liquid, the filter device comprising a fluid chamber and an inlet for liquid, an outlet for filtered liquid and an outlet for particles, each coupled to the fluid chamber, the filter device further comprising a flow directing mechanism for inducing a vortex flow about a vortex axis within the fluid chamber; The filter device further comprises an inlet chamber coupled to the inlet, the inlet chamber separated from the fluid chamber by a wall member, the inlet chamber comprising an inlet chamber sieve for sieving the liquid upstream from the wall member.

2. The filter device of claim 1 , wherein the inlet chamber sieve is supported by the wall member.

3. The filter device of claim 2 , wherein the inlet chamber sieve is supported by a protruding member disposed on the wall member.

4. 4. A filter device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the inlet chamber sieve is a perforated plate.

5. 5. The filter device according to claim 1, wherein the inlet chamber sieve is provided with a plurality of truncated cones or pyramids, the openings of which from the upstream apex to the downstream base are oriented in the direction of liquid flow, and the cross-sections of the truncated cones or pyramids extend in the direction of liquid flow.

6. 6. The filter device of claim 5, wherein the normal to the plane of the upstream apex of the truncated cone or pyramid is at an angle to the direction of liquid flow.

7. 7. A filter device according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the inlet chamber sieve comprises a plate-like base plate comprising the plurality of truncated cones or pyramids disposed thereon.

8. 8. The filter device of claim 1, wherein the inlet chamber sieve is made by stamping or injection molding.

9. 9. A filter device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the inlet chamber comprises an outlet for particles blocked by the inlet chamber sieve.

10. 10. The filter device of claim 9, further comprising a blocked particle outlet valve configured to, in a closed position, block any axial flow through the blocked particle outlet.

11. 11. The filter device of claim 9 or 10, wherein the blocked particle outlet has a component perpendicular to the direction of liquid flow for receiving blocked particles in a direction having a component perpendicular to the direction of liquid flow.

12. 12. A filter device according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the blocked particle outlet is positioned eccentrically relative to a central axis of the liquid flow.

13. 13. The filter device of claim 9, wherein the inlet chamber further comprises a second inlet for flushing the blocked particles from the inlet chamber to the outlet for blocked particles.

14. 14. The filter device of claim 13, further comprising a second inlet valve, the second inlet valve configured to block any axial flow through the second inlet in a closed position.

15. 15. A filter device according to claim 13 or 14, wherein a pump is disposed upstream from the second inlet for introducing and flushing fluid into the inlet chamber.

16. 16. A filter device according to any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein the second inlet has a component perpendicular to the direction of liquid flow for introducing fluid in a direction having a component perpendicular to the direction of liquid flow.

17. 17. A filter device according to any one of claims 13 to 16, wherein the second inlet is positioned eccentrically relative to a central axis of liquid flow.

18. 18. A filter device according to any preceding claim, wherein the inlet chamber sieve has an opening smaller than the opening in the wall member.

19. 19. The filter device of claim 1, wherein the outlet for the particles is coupled to the fluid chamber at a position substantially perpendicular to the vortex axis.

20. 20. The filter device of claim 19, wherein the fluid chamber is generally cylindrical and the outlet for the particles is disposed in a wall of the cylinder.

21. 21. The filter device of claim 1, further comprising a sieve, the sieve being positioned upstream from an outlet for the filtered liquid.

22. 22. The filter device of claim 21, wherein the sieve is secured between a portion of the housing and the wall member.

23. 23. The filter device of claim 21 or 22, wherein the sieve has a cylindrical shape.

24. 24. The filter device of claim 23, wherein the cylindrical sieve is disposed coaxially about the outlet for the filtered liquid between the wall member and a wall of the fluid chamber.

25. 25. A method for filtering a liquid using a filter device according to any one of claims 1 to 24, comprising the steps of introducing a liquid into a liquid inlet, filtering the liquid, and providing filtered liquid from an outlet for the liquid.

26. The method further comprises flushing the filter device, the flushing step comprising: restricting flow at an outlet for the liquid; opening a valve in the particle outlet from a closed position to an open position for a predetermined period of time; collecting said particles from an outlet for said particles; and moving the valve to the closed position.

27. 14. A method for flushing a filter device according to at least claim 13, said method further comprising the step of flushing the inlet chamber, said step of flushing the inlet chamber comprising: introducing a fluid into the inlet chamber through the second inlet; and collecting the blocked particles from the inlet chamber through a blocked particle outlet.

28. The method further includes flushing the fluid chamber, the step of flushing the fluid chamber comprising: introducing a fluid into the inlet chamber through the second inlet; and collecting the particles from the fluid chamber through an outlet for the particles.

29. The method further includes a step of setting a timing for opening and closing a valve, the step of setting a timing for opening and closing the valve comprising: providing a timing device for timing the opening and closing of said valve for a predetermined period of time; and providing a signal to close or open the valve based on the time setting.

30. A sieve arranged for sieving particles from a liquid, said sieve being provided with a plurality of truncated cones or pyramids, the openings of the truncated cones or pyramids from their upstream apexes to their downstream bases being oriented in the direction of liquid flow, and the cross sections of the truncated cones or pyramids expanding in the direction of liquid flow.

31. 31. The sieve of claim 30, wherein the normal to the plane of the upstream apex of the truncated cone or pyramid is at an angle to the direction of liquid flow.

32. 32. A sieve according to claim 30 or 31, wherein the sieve comprises a plate-like base plate with the plurality of truncated cones or pyramids disposed thereon.

33. 33. A sieve according to any one of claims 30 to 32, wherein the sieve is a perforated plate.

34. 34. A sieve according to any one of claims 30 to 33, wherein the sieve is made by stamping or injection moulding.

35. 35. A sieve as claimed in any one of claims 30 to 34, wherein the sieve is adapted to be mounted within an inlet chamber of a filter device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 24.

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