Extrusion molding cement plate and outer wall structure

Abstract

To impart a three-dimensional feeling to an outer wall surface without any complicated work.SOLUTION: An outer wall 1 is formed by combining a plurality of extrusion molding cement plates 10 each having an outer wall part 12 and an inner wall part 13 arranged opposite each other across a hollow part 11, and the plurality of extrusion molding cement plates 10 include an equal-thickness cement plate which has an outer wall part 12 and an inner wall part 13 formed to the same thickness and an eccentric-thickness cement plate having an outer wall part 12 formed thicker than an inner wall part 13.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an extruded cement board and an exterior wall structure formed by combining a plurality of extruded cement boards. [Background technology]

[0002] Extruded cement panels (ECPs) are panels made from cement, calcium silicate, and inorganic fibers extruded into a hollow plate shape, and are used for the exterior walls of buildings. Extruded cement panels are lightweight, yet have excellent strength, weather resistance, fire resistance, and earthquake resistance, as well as aesthetics and design. Known types of extruded cement panels include flat panels with a smooth surface, design panels with ribbed or embossed patterns on the surface, and tile-based panels with grooves on the surface for attaching tiles.

[0003] Patent Document 1 discloses a wall panel body whose rear wall is attached to the framework of a building, and a number of hollow protrusion bodies formed to protrude forward from the front wall of the wall panel body and to which functional panels are attached. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] JP 2015-48623 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] Incidentally, when creating a three-dimensional uneven surface on an exterior wall 100 formed by stacking extruded cement boards 101 of uniform thickness vertically as shown in Figure 8, the extruded cement boards 101 are arranged with an offset horizontal direction, so it is necessary to prepare frames 103 of various lengths to connect each extruded cement board 101 to beams 102, etc., and to prepare sealant 104, backup material 105 and gaskets 106 to waterproof the large vertical and horizontal joints between adjacent extruded cement boards 101.

[0006] Furthermore, if the waterproofing provided by the sealant 104, backup material 105, and gasket 106 is insufficient, a sealant (not shown) may be further placed on the side of the inner extruded cement board 101 among the offset extruded cement boards 101, but this creates the problem of complicated construction and increased costs.

[0007] Therefore, a technical problem arises that must be solved: how to impart a three-dimensional appearance to the exterior wall surface without requiring complicated work. The present invention has an object to solve this problem. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the exterior wall structure of the present invention is an exterior wall structure constructed by combining a plurality of extruded cement boards, each of which has an outer wall portion and an inner wall portion arranged opposite each other through a hollow portion, and the plurality of extruded cement boards include equal-thickness cement boards in which the outer wall portion and the inner wall portion are formed to be equal thickness, and non-uniform-thickness cement boards in which the outer wall portion is formed thicker than the inner wall portion.

[0009] In addition, in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the exterior wall structure of the present invention is an exterior wall structure constructed by combining a plurality of extruded cement boards, each of which has an outer wall portion and an inner wall portion arranged opposite each other through a hollow portion, and the plurality of extruded cement boards are configured such that the outer wall portion is formed thicker than the inner wall portion and include a plurality of types of unevenly thickened cement boards having different total thicknesses.

[0010] In addition, in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the extruded cement board of the present invention is an extruded cement board consisting of an outer wall portion and an inner wall portion arranged opposite each other through a hollow portion, and the outer wall portion is formed thicker than the inner wall portion and is formed to a uniform width in the extrusion direction and width direction of the extruded cement board. Effect of the Invention

[0011] According to the present invention, by combining an extruded cement board of uneven thickness, in which the outer wall portion is thicker than the inner wall portion, with an extruded cement board of equal thickness, in which the outer wall portion and the inner wall portion are approximately equal in thickness, it is possible to easily impart a three-dimensional unevenness to the outer wall surface. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0012] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram of an exterior wall formed by stacking extruded cement boards vertically according to one embodiment of the present invention, viewed from the indoor side. [Diagram 2] FIG. [Diagram 3] Cross-sectional view taken along line AA in Figure 2. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the structure of an extruded cement board. [Diagram 5] A longitudinal cross-section of an exterior wall made of extruded cement boards of different total thicknesses stacked vertically. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a horizontal joint when extruded cement boards of different total thickness are placed side by side. [Figure 7] A vertical cross-sectional view showing the double seal structure. [Figure 8] A plan view showing the structure of a conventional exterior wall that has a three-dimensional appearance created by offsetting extruded cement boards of uniform thickness horizontally. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0013] An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following, when the number, numerical value, amount, range, etc. of components are mentioned, the number is not limited to the specific number, and may be more or less than the specific number, unless otherwise specified or when it is clearly limited to a specific number in principle.

[0014] In addition, when referring to the shape or positional relationship of components, etc., this includes things that are substantially similar or approximate to those shapes, etc., unless otherwise specified or considered to be clearly different in principle.

[0015] In addition, the drawings may exaggerate characteristic parts to make the features easier to understand, and the dimensional ratios of the components may not be the same as the actual ones. In addition, in cross-sectional views, hatching of some components may be omitted to make the cross-sectional structure of the components easier to understand.

[0016] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exterior wall 1 constructed by connecting extruded cement boards 10 according to this embodiment lengthwise and widthwise, as viewed from the building (indoor) side. The exterior wall 1 comprises beams 2, which form the framework of the building, and extruded cement boards 10 fixed to the beams 2. The beams 2 are made of, for example, H-shaped steel. Floor panels 3, which serve as structural members for the building's floor, etc., are placed on the beams 2. The exterior wall 1 is constructed by repeating basic units each consisting of a beam 2 and an extruded cement board 10.

[0017] The extruded cement board 10 is a panel formed in a generally rectangular shape with the long axis in the extrusion direction and the short axis in the width direction. At least one of the number and type of the extruded cement board 10 can be selected from panels of different sizes in the longitudinal dimension, width dimension, or thickness, and appropriately selected according to the structure of the building.

[0018] The exterior wall 1 shown in Fig. 1 is composed of two panels of long type and six panels of short type, each having a length in the extrusion direction of the extruded cement board 10. The eight extruded cement boards 10 are attached to the beams 2 perpendicularly to the beams 2.

[0019] The multiple extruded cement boards 10 may be arranged in a vertical plane relative to the ground along the structure of the building, and may be arranged by a "vertical laying method" in which the extrusion direction of the extruded cement boards 10 is vertical. Alternatively, the multiple extruded cement boards 10 may be arranged by a "horizontal laying method" in which the extrusion direction of the extruded cement boards 10 is horizontal. The multiple extruded cement boards 10 are each attached to a beam 2, which is the structure of the building, by a through angle 4. The through angle 4 is made of, for example, an L-shaped steel material.

[0020] The through angles 4 are attached to the upper and lower ends of the extruded cement boards 10 arranged vertically along the beams 2, on the indoor side of the building, so as to bundle together the multiple extruded cement boards 10. The through angles 4 are fixed to the beams 2, which are the framework of the building.

[0021] The through angle 4 is clamped and fixed between an LZ metal fitting (Z-shaped clip) 6 (described later) and an extruded cement board 10.

[0022] If necessary, an L-shaped piece angle 5 fixed to the through angle 4 may be attached to the center of the width of the extruded cement board 10 to strengthen and stabilize the attachment between the beam 2 and the extruded cement board 10.

[0023] The exterior wall 1 may have an opening for the building formed by the bottom edge surface 10a in the width direction of the extruded cement board 10 and the side surface 10b in the extrusion direction of the wall panel. This opening is used as a window frame or the like for the building. The exterior wall 1 may have an opening reinforcement material 7 for reinforcing the opening for the building.

[0024] Fig. 2 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional structure of the exterior wall 1. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in Fig. 2.

[0025] The through angle 4 has a vertical portion 4a and a horizontal portion 4b. The vertical portion 4a is fixed to the piece angle 5. The vertical portion 4a is interposed between the extruded cement boards 10 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction.

[0026] The extruded cement board 10 is fixed to the through angle 4 via the LZ hardware 6. The LZ hardware 6 is of known configuration and includes a stepped mounting bracket 6a with a gently Z-shaped cross section, a backing plate 6b, a bolt 6c, and a flat nut 6d. The LZ hardware 6 and the extruded cement board 10 are fixed together by fitting the bolt 6c into a hole that penetrates the LZ hardware 6 and the extruded cement board 10. The stepped mounting bracket 6a and the backing plate 6b are made of SS400. The bolt 6c is made of soft steel wire. The flat nut 6d is, for example, "ZAM (registered trademark)" by Nisshin Steel Co., Ltd.

[0027] The stepped mounting bracket 6a and backing plate 6b are assembled so as to sandwich the through angle 4 on the lower side in the vertical direction. The stepped mounting bracket 6a and backing plate 6b are also fastened and fixed on the upper side in the vertical direction with bolts 6c and flat nuts 6d. As a result, the elastic pressure (spring force) of the stepped mounting bracket 6a acts on the through angle 4, so that the through angle 4 is sandwiched and fixed between the stepped mounting bracket 6a and the backing plate 6b.

[0028] Next, the water-stopping structure between adjacent extrusion molded cement boards 10 will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0029] As shown in Figure 2, the extruded cement board 10 has a hollow portion 11 extending in the vertical direction, an outer wall portion 12 provided on the outdoor side of the hollow portion 11, and an inner wall portion 13 provided on the outdoor side of the hollow portion 11 and connected to the outer wall portion 12.

[0030] Extruded cement boards 10 include those in which the outer wall portion 12 and the inner wall portion 13 are approximately the same size, as shown in Figure 4(a), as well as those in which the outer wall portion 12 is formed wider than the inner wall portion 13, as shown in Figures 4(b) and (c).

[0031] The extruded cement board 10 shown in Fig. 4(a) has a thickness t11 of the outer wall 12 and a thickness t13 of the inner wall 13 of 13 mm, a thickness t12 of the hollow portion 11 of 34 mm, and a total thickness T1 of 60 mm. The extruded cement board 10 shown in Fig. 4(b) has a thickness t21 of the outer wall 12 of 28 mm, a thickness t22 of the hollow portion 11 of 34 mm, a thickness t23 of the inner wall 13 of 13 mm, and a total thickness T2 of 75 mm. The extruded cement board 10 shown in Fig. 4(c) has a thickness t31 of the outer wall 12 of 30 mm, a thickness t32 of the hollow portion 11 of 45 mm, a thickness t33 of the inner wall 13 of 15 mm, and a total thickness T3 of 90 mm.

[0032] Therefore, for example, if an extruded cement board 10 with a total thickness of 90 mm and an extruded cement board 10 with a total thickness of 60 mm are arranged side by side, either above and below or left and right, the distance from the exterior wall portion 12 of the former to the beam 2 is 30 mm longer than the distance from the exterior wall portion 12 to the beam 2 of the latter. Therefore, the extruded cement board 10 with a total thickness of 90 mm protrudes 30 mm forward beyond the extruded cement board 10 with a total thickness of 60 mm, thereby providing unevenness to the surface of the exterior wall 1. At least one of the number and type of extruded cement boards 10 can be selected appropriately according to the structure of the building from panels of different sizes having different width dimensions for the exterior wall portion 12 and the interior wall portion 13. Hereinafter, a board in which the outer wall portion 12 and the inner wall portion 13 are formed to be of equal thickness as shown in FIG. 4(a) will be referred to as an "equal thickness cement board," and a board in which the outer wall portion 12 is formed to be thicker than the inner wall portion 13 as shown in FIGS. 4(b) and (c) will be referred to as a "varying thickness cement board."

[0033] At the joints 14, i.e., the vertical joints 15 and horizontal joints 16 which are the gaps between adjacent extruded cement boards 10, a sealant 17, a backup material 18 and a gasket 19 are provided in this order from the outdoor side to the indoor side. The width of the vertical joints 15 is set to about 10 mm, and the width of the horizontal joints 16 is set to about 15 mm.

[0034] The sealant 17 is filled on the outdoor side of the joint 14, and prevents water from penetrating from the outdoors into the extruded cement board 10. The sealant 17 is, for example, a wet sealant, and materials such as urethane, acrylic, polysulfide, silicone, and modified silicone can be used.

[0035] The backup material 18 is sandwiched adjacent to the sealing material 17 on the indoor side of the joint 14, and prevents water from penetrating from the sealing material 17 into the extruded cement board 10. The backup material 18 is, for example, an elongated member formed to match the dimensions of the vertical joints 15 and horizontal joints 16, and is formed in a substantially rectangular column shape.

[0036] The gasket 19 is inserted on the indoor side in the vertical joints 15 and the horizontal joints 16. The gasket 19 may be made of, for example, a vinyl chloride elastomer, silicone, EPDM, or the like.

[0037] For example, when at least one of the extruded cement boards 10 stacked vertically above and below is a non-uniformly thick cement board, the sealing material 17 and backup material 18 are arranged in a so-called deep joint, which is pulled toward the interior of the building from the surface of the exterior wall portion 12 when viewed from the side, thereby making it easier to prevent water from entering the extruded cement board 10 from the outdoors.

[0038] For example, as shown in FIG. 3, when the extruded cement boards 10 stacked vertically one above the other are all non-uniform thickness cement boards, the sealing material 17 is positioned so as to be pulled inward from the surface of the exterior wall portion 12 when viewed from the side.

[0039] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 5(a), when extruded cement boards 10 are stacked vertically, and the upper extruded cement board 10 is a non-uniform thickness cement board and the lower extruded cement board 10 is an equal thickness cement board, the sealing material 17 is positioned so that it is pulled inside the building from the surface of the outer wall portion 12 of the upper extruded cement board 10 when viewed from the side.

[0040] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 5 (b), when the upper extruded cement board 10 of the extruded cement boards 10 stacked vertically is a cement board of equal thickness and the lower extruded cement board 10 is a cement board of variable thickness, the sealant 17 is positioned so that it is pulled toward the interior side from the surface of the outer wall portion 12 of the lower extruded cement board 10 when viewed from the side.

[0041] 6(a)-(b), for example, when the total thicknesses of the extruded cement boards 10 arranged side by side on the left and right are different, an L-shaped sealing material 20 that connects the sealants 17 and an L-shaped backup material 21 that connects the adjacent backup materials 18 are arranged in the horizontal joint 16. This makes it possible to prevent water from entering between the L-shaped horizontal joints 16, even when the extruded cement boards 10 have different total thicknesses and are arranged adjacent to each other.

[0042] In this way, the extruded cement board 10 of this embodiment is an extruded cement board 10 consisting of an outer wall portion 12 and an inner wall portion 13 arranged opposite each other through a hollow portion 11, and the outer wall portion 12 is formed thicker than the inner wall portion 13.

[0043] According to this configuration, the uneven thickness cement plate in which the outer wall portion 12 is formed thick protrudes forward from the uniform thickness cement plate, so that the surface of the outer wall 1 can be made uneven.

[0044] Furthermore, when providing the sealant 17 and the back-up material 18 on a thin exterior wall 12 such as a uniform thickness cement board, it is not possible to fill the hollow portion 11 with the sealant 17, and therefore it is not possible to provide one row each of the sealant 17 and the back-up material 18. However, by forming the exterior wall 12 thick like a non-uniform thickness cement board, it is possible to construct a double seal structure, for example, as shown in Figure 7, between the upper and lower exterior wall portions 12, in which a primary water stop section 22 and a secondary water stop section 23 are arranged in this order from the outdoor side toward the indoor side.

[0045] The primary water stop section 22 includes a primary sealing material 22a and a primary backup material 22b disposed adjacent to the indoor side of the primary sealing material 22a. The primary water stop section 22 prevents water from entering the secondary water stop section 23 from the outdoors.

[0046] The secondary water stop portion 23 includes a secondary sealing material 23a disposed adjacent to the indoor side of the primary water stop portion 22, and a secondary backup material 23b disposed adjacent to the indoor side of the secondary sealing material 23a. The secondary water stop portion 23 prevents water from entering the extruded cement board 10 from the primary water stop portion 22.

[0047] The primary sealing material 22a and the secondary sealing material 23a have the same configuration as the sealing material 17, and the primary back-up material 22b and the secondary back-up material 23b have the same configuration as the back-up material 18.

[0048] In this way, the exterior wall section 12 is formed to a width that allows the primary water stop section 22 and the secondary water stop section 23 to be installed, thereby realizing a double-sealed structure with excellent water stoppage properties, and further, since the gaskets 19 arranged on the indoor side of the vertical joints 15 and the horizontal joints 16 can be omitted, construction can be simplified. The double-sealed structure can be constructed in the vertical joints 15 and the horizontal joints 16, respectively.

[0049] The present invention can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit of the invention, and it goes without saying that the present invention also covers such modifications. [Explanation of symbols]

[0050] 1: Exterior wall 2:Beam 3:Floor panel 4:Through angle 4a: Vertical part 4b:Horizontal part 5: Peace Angle 6: LZ hardware 6a: Stepped mounting bracket 6b: Backing plate 6c: Bolt 6d: Flat nut 7: Opening reinforcement material 10: Extruded cement board 10a: Bottom edge 10b: Side 11:Hollow part 12:Outer wall 13: Inner wall 14:Joint part 15: Vertical joint 16: Horizontal joint 17: Sealing material 18: Back-up material 19: Gasket 20: L-shaped sealing material 21: L-shaped backup material 22: Primary watertight section 22a: Primary sealant 22b: Primary backup material 23: Secondary watertight section 23a: Secondary sealing material 23b: Secondary backup material

Claims

1. An exterior wall structure constructed by combining a plurality of extruded cement boards, each of which has an exterior wall portion and an interior wall portion disposed opposite each other through a hollow portion, The plurality of extruded cement boards are The outer wall portion and the inner wall portion are formed with an equal thickness cement board; A non-uniform thickness cement board in which the outer wall portion is formed thicker than the inner wall portion; The exterior wall structure comprising:

2. 2. The exterior wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the outer wall portion of the non-uniform thickness cement board is formed to have a uniform width in the extrusion direction and width direction of the extruded cement board.

3. An exterior wall structure constructed by combining a plurality of extruded cement boards, each of which has an exterior wall portion and an interior wall portion disposed opposite each other through a hollow portion, The plurality of extruded cement boards are characterized in that the outer wall portion is formed thicker than the inner wall portion, and the plurality of extruded cement boards include a plurality of types of uneven thickness cement boards having different total thicknesses.

4. An extrusion molded cement board having an outer wall portion and an inner wall portion disposed opposite each other through a hollow portion, 2. An extruded cement board, comprising: an outer wall portion formed to be thicker than an inner wall portion; and a width of the outer wall portion being uniform in both the extrusion direction and the width direction of the extruded cement board.

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