Decomposition treatment apparatus

Abstract

To satisfactorily exhibit decomposition capability by water plasma.SOLUTION: A decomposition treatment apparatus (10) includes a supply part (12) for jetting and supplying a decomposition object to water plasma jetted by a water plasma generator (11). The water plasma generator includes: a chamber (17) which forms a vortex water flow therein, and jets water plasma (J) from a jet port (45); and an anode (18) and a cathode (16) for generating arc discharge (AR) passing through the vortex water flow in the chamber. The anode is provided at a position near the jet port outside the chamber. When viewed from a central axis (C1) direction of the water plasma jetted from the jet port, the plurality of support parts are provided in a circumferential direction around a central axis, and the decomposition object jetted from each of the supply parts collide with each other inside the water plasma.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a decomposition treatment device that decomposes an object to be decomposed by injecting water plasma using an arc discharge generated between a cathode and an anode. [Background technology]

[0002] The device described in Patent Document 1 is known as a device for treating waste using water plasma. In the device of Patent Document 1, water is used as a plasma stabilizing medium, and incineration ash is supplied to a water plasma jet stream generated by arc discharge to dissolve the incineration ash. In Patent Document 1, the water plasma jet stream is emitted from the nozzle of the water plasma burner, and a supply means is provided at a position a predetermined distance away from the nozzle to supply incineration ash, which is the object to be decomposed, from above the water plasma jet stream. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 3408779 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In an apparatus such as that described in Patent Document 1, when increasing the decomposition ability of the water plasma jet stream to decompose the decomposition object, it is possible to adopt a method of increasing the supply amount of the decomposition object by the supply means. However, such a method has a problem in that the decomposition object may pass through the water plasma jet stream, resulting in insufficient decomposition treatment and reduced decomposition ability.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points, and has an object to provide a decomposition treatment apparatus capable of effectively exerting the decomposition power of water plasma. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] One embodiment of the decomposition treatment device of the present invention comprises a water plasma generating device that sprays water plasma by passing an arc discharge inside a vortex water flow, and a supply unit that sprays and supplies a material to be decomposed into the water plasma, and is a decomposition treatment device that decomposes the material using the water plasma, wherein the water plasma generating device comprises a chamber that forms the vortex water flow using water supplied inside and sprays the water plasma from a nozzle, and an anode and a cathode that generate an arc discharge that passes through the vortex water flow in the chamber, the anode is provided at a position near the nozzle on the outside of the chamber, and when viewed from the central axial direction of the water plasma sprayed from the nozzle, a plurality of supply units are provided in a circumferential direction centered on the central axis, and the material to be decomposed sprayed from at least one of the plurality of supply units collides inside the water plasma with the material to be decomposed sprayed from a supply unit other than the supply unit. Effect of the Invention

[0007] According to the present invention, the decomposition objects ejected from a plurality of supply parts are collided with each other to perform the decomposition process, so that the supplied decomposition objects are prevented from penetrating the water plasma, the reliability of the decomposition process is improved, and the decomposition power of the water plasma can be effectively exerted. Moreover, the decomposition objects can be crushed or atomized by colliding with each other inside the water plasma, so that the surface area per volume of the decomposition objects is increased, which also improves the decomposition power. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a partial cross-sectional side view of a decomposition treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional side view of the chamber. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a plan cross-sectional view of the chamber. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the chamber. [Diagram 5] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the state in which water plasma is sprayed by the water plasma generating device. [Figure 6] 6A is a front view of a portion of the configuration of the water plasma generation device, FIG. 6B is an enlarged view of part B in FIG. 6A, and FIG. 6C is a cross-sectional view taken along imaginary line L1 in FIG. 6B. [Figure 7] 7A is a schematic perspective view of the supply section, FIG. 7B is a front view of the supply section, and FIG. 7C is a cross-sectional view of the supply section. [Figure 8] FIG. 8A is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the reaction tube, and FIG. 8B is a perspective view of the reaction tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0009] Hereinafter, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that each configuration according to the embodiments is not limited to the configuration shown below, and can be changed as appropriate. Also, in the following figures, some configurations may be omitted for convenience of explanation. Note that in the following explanation, unless otherwise specified, "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", and "rear" are based on the directions indicated by arrows in each figure. However, the orientation of each configuration in the following embodiments is merely an example, and can be changed to any orientation.

[0010] Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a partial cross-sectional side view of a decomposition treatment apparatus according to an embodiment. As shown in Fig. 1, the decomposition treatment apparatus 10 includes a water plasma generator 11, a supply unit 12, a reaction tube 13, and a reaction furnace 14.

[0011] The water plasma generator 11 is supported at a predetermined height via a stand 15. The water plasma generator 11 is configured to include a cathode 16 extending forward and backward, a chamber 17 into which the front end of the cathode 16 is inserted, a disk-shaped iron anode 18 provided diagonally downward and forward outside the chamber 17, and an anode support part 19 that supports the anode 18.

[0012] The cathode 16 is formed of a round bar made of carbon, and can be displaced in the front-rear direction via a feed screw shaft mechanism 21 to adjust the amount of insertion into the chamber 17. The chamber 17 is supported above an anode support part 19 via a support plate 22. An extension cylinder 23 extending in the front-rear direction is connected to the rear end of the anode support part 19, and a motor 24 is provided at the rear end of the extension cylinder 23. The driving force of the motor 24 is transmitted to the anode 18 via the extension cylinder 23 and the anode support part 19, so that the anode 18 is rotatably mounted.

[0013] Cooling water is supplied to the inside of chamber 17 via supply pump 26, and water for plasma is supplied via high-pressure pump 27. A part of the water for plasma is sprayed from the front end side of chamber 17 as water plasma J (see FIG. 5). The cooling water supplied to chamber 17 and the water for plasma that is not sprayed are sucked in via vacuum pump 28. In anode support part 19, cooling water that flows inside anode 18 is also supplied via supply pump 26, and the cooling water that has absorbed heat in anode 18 is sucked in via vacuum pump 28. The detailed configuration of chamber 17 will be described later.

[0014] A wall 30 is disposed in front of the water plasma generator 11, and this wall 30 maintains airtightness between the space in which the water plasma generator 11 is installed and a processing space 31 in which the target object gasified by the water plasma J is processed. In the processing space 31, for example, highly alkaline water is sprayed by a shower device (not shown) to neutralize the gasified acid gas. A cylindrical reactor 14 is provided so as to penetrate the wall 30.

[0015] Next, the internal structure of the chamber 17 will be described with reference to Figures 2 to 4. Figure 2 is a side cross-sectional view of the chamber, Figure 3 is a plan cross-sectional view of the chamber, and Figure 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the chamber.

[0016] 2 and 3, the chamber 17 constituting the water plasma generator 11 includes a chamber body 40 forming a cylindrical inner circumferential surface extending in the front-rear direction, and a front wall portion 41 attached to the front of the chamber body 40, forming an internal space 42 therein for generating water plasma J. An opening communicating with the internal space 42 is formed in the front wall portion 41, and an injection port forming body 44 is attached so as to close this opening from the front.

[0017] The jet orthogonal forming body 44 is formed with an jet orthogonal 45 and a jet flow passage 46 for jetting water plasma J. The jet orthogonal 45 is formed as a circular hole penetrating the jet orthogonal forming body 44 with its central axis oriented in the front-rear direction, and forms the jet orthogonal 45 at its front end. The jet orthogonal 45 is formed on the front surface (a surface parallel to the up-down and left-right directions) of the jet orthogonal forming body 44. In other words, the front surface of the jet orthogonal forming body 44 is the formation surface of the jet orthogonal 45. The jet orthogonal forming body 44 and the jet orthogonal 45 are formed as concentric circles when viewed from the front-rear direction (see FIG. 6A).

[0018] Inside the chamber body 40, a rib 40a is formed at a position near the front, extending in the circumferential direction, and a water supply path 47 for plasma is formed in front of the rib 40a. In addition, a water discharge path 48 for plasma is formed in the front wall portion 41, which discharges the water for plasma flowing into the opening. High-pressure water for plasma is supplied from the high-pressure pump 27 to the water supply path 47 for plasma, and the water for plasma is sucked from the water discharge path 48 by the negative pressure of the vacuum pump 28. The water for plasma is also used as cooling water. More specifically, the water for plasma is not only used to generate the water plasma J, but also cools each component, including the nozzle formation body 44, on the path from the water supply path 47 for plasma to the water discharge path 48 for plasma.

[0019] A cooling water supply channel 50 and a cooling water discharge channel 51 (not shown in FIG. 3) are formed behind the rib 40a of the chamber body 40. Cooling water is supplied to the cooling water supply channel 50 from the supply pump 26, and the cooling water is sucked from the cooling water discharge channel 51 by the negative pressure of the vacuum pump 28. The plasma water supply channel 47, the cooling water supply channel 50, and the cooling water discharge channel 51 are formed in the shape of a round hole that forms the inner circumferential surface of a cylinder.

[0020] 4, the water supply passage 47 for plasma communicates with the lower part of the internal space 42, which is circular in vertical cross section, and extends in the left-right direction. Specifically, the water supply passage 47 for plasma extends in the tangential direction of the lower part of the internal space 42. This allows the water for plasma flowing in from the water supply passage 47 for plasma to flow smoothly along the circumferential direction of the internal space 42.

[0021] The water plasma generator 11 includes a generally cylindrical vortex water flow generator 60 housed in the chamber 17. The vortex water flow generator 60 is disposed so that the position of the central axis C1 coincides with that of the internal space 42. This central axis C1 also coincides with the central axes of the above-mentioned injection port 45 and injection flow path 46. Therefore, the "central axis C1" with the reference symbol C1 will also be used in the explanation of the injection port 45 and injection flow path 46. In a vertical cross-sectional view, the internal space 42 forms a circular space between its inner circumferential surface and the outer circumferential surface of the vortex water flow generator 60, and the water for plasma that flows into the internal space 42 as described above flows in a swirling manner within the circular space.

[0022] The vortex flow generator 60 is formed with a plurality of passages 61 penetrating the vortex flow generator 60 so as to communicate with the inside and outside. The passages 61 are formed at equal angular intervals (every 120° in this embodiment) in the circumferential direction of the vortex flow generator 60. The passages 61 are also formed at predetermined intervals in the front-rear direction (see Figs. 2 and 3). Each passage 61 extends in a direction inclined with respect to the thickness direction of the vortex flow generator 60. Specifically, each passage 61 extends in the tangent direction of the inner circumference of the vortex flow generator 60 at the communication position. The angle θ between the direction in which the water for plasma flows from the outside to the inside of the passage 61 and the direction in which the water for plasma swirls and flows outside the vortex flow generator 60 is an acute angle.

[0023] Since the passage 61 is formed as described above, the water for plasma flowing along the inner circumferential surface of the chamber body 40 outside the vortex flow generator 60 passes through the passage 61 and flows into the inside of the vortex flow generator 60. The water for plasma then flows smoothly along the inner circumferential surface of the vortex flow generator 60, and a vortex flow is formed that swirls in a circular shape to form a cavity at the position of the central axis C1 in a vertical cross-sectional view.

[0024] The water plasma generator 11 further includes various components behind the vortex generator 60 in the chamber 17. These components perform positioning of the vortex generator 60, cooling, holding and moving control of the cathode 16, power supply to the cathode 16, etc., but a description thereof will be omitted here.

[0025] Fig. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a state where water plasma is sprayed by the water plasma generator. As shown in Fig. 5, when DC power is supplied to the cathode 16 and the anode 18 in a state where a vortex water flow with a cavity is formed inside the chamber 17 as described above, an arc discharge AR is generated between them. At this time, the arc discharge AR is generated so as to pass through the inside of the cavity of the vortex water flow. Due to the generation of this arc discharge AR, the water for plasma that forms the vortex water flow is dissociated and ionized, and water plasma J that becomes a high-energy jet stream is sprayed from the nozzle 45.

[0026] The water plasma J injected from the nozzle 45 becomes an extremely high-temperature, ultra-high-speed fluid. The injection direction of the water plasma J is from rear to front, which is a front-to-rear direction parallel to the direction of the central axis C1 of the nozzle 45 and the injection flow path 46. More specifically, the water plasma J is injected in a roughly spindle or cone shape having the same central axis C1 as the central axis C1 of the nozzle 45 and the injection flow path 46, and has a shape that gradually widens with increasing distance from the nozzle 45. The central axis C1 of the water plasma J is relatively hot, and the temperature decreases with increasing distance from the central axis C1.

[0027] Next, the configuration of the supply unit 12 will be described with reference to Fig. 5, as well as Fig. 6 and Fig. 7. Fig. 6A is a front view of a portion of the configuration of the water plasma generator, Fig. 6B is an enlarged view of part B in Fig. 6A, and Fig. 6C is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 6B taken along virtual line L1. Fig. 7A is a schematic perspective view of the supply unit, Fig. 7B is a front view of the supply unit, and Fig. 7C is a transverse cross-sectional view of the supply unit. Note that the portion shown in cross section in Fig. 5 is cross-sectionally taken along virtual line L1 in Fig. 6A.

[0028] 6A, in this embodiment, a total of two supply units 12 are provided, one on each side of the jet nozzle 45 as viewed from the front-rear direction (the direction of the central axis C1 of the water plasma J jetted from the jet nozzle 45). In other words, two supply units 12 are provided at intervals of 180° in the circumferential direction centered on the central axis C1 as viewed from the front-rear direction. The left supply unit 12 and the right supply unit 12 have a bilaterally symmetrical structure, and the following description will be mainly focused on the right supply unit 12, and the description of the left supply unit 12 may be omitted.

[0029] The supply unit 12 is disposed in an ejection port forming body 44 that forms an ejection port 45 in the chamber 17. Specifically, the supply unit 12 is attached via a screw member 71 and a pin 72 so as to be in surface contact with a position near the ejection port 45 on the front surface of the ejection port forming body 44 (the surface on the near side in FIG. 6A ) when viewed from the front-rear direction.

[0030] Therefore, the supply unit 12 is provided so as to be capable of transferring heat between the supply unit 12 and the jet port forming body 44 by contacting the jet port forming body 44. As a result, the jet port forming body 44 is cooled by the plasma water (cooling water) flowing inside the chamber 17, and the cooling heat is transferred to the supply unit 12, which is cooled. In other words, the heat of the supply unit 12 is absorbed by the jet port forming body 44. The anode 18 is provided so that the upper end thereof is located near the front of and diagonally below the jet port 45 outside the chamber 17.

[0031] The supply unit 12 is formed in a roughly rectangular shape when viewed from the front-rear direction, with its short sides facing the up-down direction and its long sides facing the left-right direction. The supply unit 12 is connected to a delivery device 74 via a pipe 73, and the material to be decomposed is supplied from the delivery device 74. The supply unit 12 is provided so as to be able to supply the material to be decomposed by ejecting it to the water plasma J ejected from the water plasma generator 11.

[0032] The materials to be decomposed can be, for example, hazardous waste such as waste oil, PCBs, sulfate pitch, asbestos, freon, halon, tires, various types of garbage, or non-harmful materials that are not particularly harmful, and are supplied via supply section 12 in liquid, granular, or powder form.

[0033] As shown in Figures 7A to 7C, the supply unit 12 includes a main body 76 formed in a piece or block shape having a thickness in the front-rear direction. The supply unit 12 also includes a pin insertion hole 78 and a screw insertion hole 77 formed side by side in the upper half region of the main body 76 in Figure 7B. The supply unit 12 also includes a nozzle flow path 81 forming a nozzle port 80 in the vicinity of the lower left corner of the main body 76 in Figure 7B, and a supply flow path 82 provided in a bent shape within the main body 76 and communicating with the nozzle flow path 81 at one end. The other end of the supply flow path 82 is formed on the upper end surface of the main body 76 and is connected to a delivery device 74 (see Figure 6A) via a pipe 73.

[0034] The screw member 71 (see FIG. 6B) is inserted through the screw insertion hole 77, and the pin 72 (see FIG. 6B) is inserted through the pin insertion hole 78.

[0035] The nozzle flow path 81 is formed in a round hole shape whose central axis direction extends in a direction inclined with respect to the front-rear direction, and forms a nozzle port 80 at its front end. The nozzle port 80 is formed on the front surface of the main body 76 (a surface parallel to the up-down and left-right directions); in other words, the front surface of the main body 76 is the surface on which the nozzle port 80 is formed. The front surface of the main body 76 on which the nozzle port 80 is formed and the front surface of the ejection port forming body 44 on which the ejection port 45 is formed are approximately parallel (see FIG. 5). Here, "approximately parallel" refers not only to a completely parallel state, but also to a state in which the angle is slightly changed due to processing accuracy, tolerance, likelihood, etc. while the parallelism is intended and the manufacturing is performed.

[0036] The nozzle orifice 80 ejects the decomposition object, which has been supplied from the pipe 73 and passed through the supply flow path 82 and the nozzle flow path 81, along an ejection direction S1 (see Figs. 5 and 7C) toward the inside of the water plasma J. Here, the decomposition object ejected from the nozzle orifice 80 is axially shaped, and the ejection direction S1 refers to the direction of the central axis of the axis. Note that the axial shape may be a cone shape that widens slightly as it moves away from the nozzle orifice 80, and may be formed in a generally axial shape.

[0037] The extension direction of the nozzle flow path 81 is set according to the jetting direction S1, and in this embodiment, is set in a direction inclined with respect to the front-rear direction which is the thickness direction of the main body 76. This allows the jetting direction S1 to be inclined with respect to the front-rear direction in the same direction as the extension direction of the nozzle flow path 81.

[0038] 6A and 6B, when viewed from the front-rear direction (the direction of the central axis C1 of the water plasma J sprayed from the nozzle 45), the supply parts 12 are arranged so that an imaginary line L1 passing through the nozzle port 80 of the left supply part 12, the nozzle port 80 of the right supply part 12, and the central axis C1 of the nozzle 45 is parallel to the left-right direction (horizontal direction). In other words, when viewed from the front-rear direction, the nozzle port 80 of the left and right supply parts 12 and the nozzle port 45 are provided on the same line.

[0039] If the point where the imaginary line L1 passes through the outer edge of the jet orthogonal formation body 44 is taken as a passing position P1, the distance from the central axis C1 of the jet orthogonal 45 to the nozzle orthogonal 80 is shorter than the distance from the passing position P1 to the nozzle orthogonal 80. Therefore, on the imaginary line L1, the nozzle orthogonal 80 is located at a position closer to the central axis C1 of the jet orthogonal 45 than the passing position P1 of the outer edge of the jet orthogonal formation body 44.

[0040] As shown in Fig. 6C, the left and right supply units 12 are arranged so that, as viewed from the top-bottom direction, the decomposition objects ejected from the left and right supply units 12 in the ejection direction S1 cross and collide inside the water plasma J. Also, as viewed from the top-bottom direction, the left and right supply units 12 are arranged so that the ejection directions S1 of the decomposition objects from the nozzle orifices 80 in the left and right supply units 12 are symmetrical with respect to the central axis C1 of the water plasma J. Here, the angle at which the ejection directions S1 cross each other as viewed from the top-bottom direction is defined as the intersection angle θ. In this embodiment, the top-bottom direction is a direction perpendicular to the front-back direction, which is the direction of the central axis C1 of the water plasma J ejected from the ejection orifice 45, and the left-right direction in which the virtual line L1 extends.

[0041] 6C, to explain the ejection direction S1, an imaginary line L2 is set that passes through the nozzle orifice 80 and is parallel to the central axis C1 of the water plasma J ejected from the ejection orifice 45. The ejection direction S1 as viewed from the top-bottom direction moves away from the imaginary line L2 as it moves away from the nozzle orifice 80, and is inclined in a direction approaching the central axis C1 of the water plasma J.

[0042] Specifically, the inclination angle α of the jetting direction S1 with respect to the virtual line L2 is set within a range of greater than 45° and less than 90° (45°<α<90°), more preferably within a range of greater than 45° and less than 60° (45°<α<60°). In addition, since the virtual line L2 and the central axis C1 are parallel and each jetting direction S1 is symmetrical with respect to the central axis C1 of the water plasma J, the intersection angle θ is set to twice the inclination angle α. As a specific example of the intersection angle θ, it is set within a range of greater than 90° and less than 180° (90°<θ<180°), more preferably within a range of greater than 90° and less than 120° (90°<α<120°).

[0043] Next, the decomposition process of the decomposition target using the water plasma J will be described below.

[0044] As shown in Fig. 6C, the material to be decomposed supplied to the left and right supply units 12 is ejected from the respective nozzle openings 80 along the ejection direction S1, and the material to be decomposed is supplied to the water plasma J. The material to be decomposed supplied is subjected to a decomposition process by the high-energy and extremely high-temperature water plasma J. If the material to be decomposed is hazardous waste, the hazardous waste can be decomposed into harmless waste.

[0045] Here, as a first comparative structure, it is assumed that one of the left and right supply parts 12 in the above embodiment is omitted, and there is only one supply part 12. Also, as a second comparative structure, it is assumed that the decomposition objects ejected from the left and right supply parts 12 in the above embodiment do not collide. In the explanation of each comparative structure, the same reference numerals may be used for configurations common to the above embodiment.

[0046] In the first comparative structure, as the amount of the decomposition target supplied from the nozzle port 80 increases, the supply speed increases, and the proportion of the supplied decomposition target that penetrates the water plasma J increases, making the decomposition process insufficient and reducing the decomposition ability. Also in the second comparative structure, as the inclination angle α of the jetting direction S1 increases, the decomposition target supplied from the nozzle port 80 may penetrate the water plasma J.

[0047] In this regard, in the present embodiment, the decomposition objects ejected from the nozzle openings 80 of the left and right supply units 12 collide inside the water plasma J. This makes it possible to prevent the decomposition objects ejected from the two supply units 12 from proceeding further in the ejection direction S1 after colliding, and to prevent the decomposition objects from penetrating through the water plasma J. This increases the reliability of the decomposition process by the water plasma J, and allows the decomposition power to be exhibited well.

[0048] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the decomposition process of the decomposition objects can be advanced by crushing the two ejected axially shaped decomposition objects by the force of collision, while blowing them away in the direction along the central axis C1 by the jet stream of the water plasma J. By such a decomposition process, the decomposition objects can be crushed or atomized near the ejection port 45, which becomes hot due to the water plasma J, thereby increasing the surface area per volume, and improving the decomposition process capacity by the water plasma J.

[0049] Furthermore, the ejection direction S1 of the decomposition target from the nozzle openings 80 of the two supply parts 12 is symmetrical with respect to the central axis C1 of the water plasma J. This makes it possible to more effectively prevent the decomposition target ejected from the two supply parts 12 from colliding with each other and then penetrating the water plasma J. Furthermore, the collision position of the decomposition target ejected axially from the two supply parts 12 overlaps with the central axis C1 of the water plasma J, and the decomposition process can be efficiently performed in the hotter part of the water plasma J.

[0050] In this embodiment, the supply units 12 are provided on both the left and right sides of the injection port 45, and are arranged on the same line as each nozzle port 80 on the imaginary line L2. This makes it easier for the decomposition objects ejected from the nozzle ports 80 of the two supply units 12 to collide with each other inside the water plasma J.

[0051] In this embodiment, the ejection direction S1 of the decomposition target from the nozzle orifice 80 is set within a range in which the inclination angle α shown in Fig. 6C is greater than 45° and less than 90°. By setting it within this range, the collision position of the two ejected axial decomposition targets can be brought closer to the ejection orifice 45, improving the decomposition processing capacity, while preventing the decomposition targets from scattering around the water plasma J due to collision.

[0052] Here, in the chamber 17 including the jet orthogonal formation body 44 which forms the jet orthogonal 45, it is heated by the water plasma J, but is cooled by the above-mentioned water for plasma and cooling water, and is prevented from becoming extremely hot. The supply part 12 is also heated by the water plasma J, but since heat is transferred to the jet orthogonal formation body 44, it is cooled together with the jet orthogonal formation body 44 by the water for plasma or the like. This makes it possible to eliminate a cooling structure dedicated to the supply part 12, simplifying the structure and reducing the workload of management, maintenance, etc.

[0053] Furthermore, since the supply unit 12 can be cooled as described above, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which the supply unit 12 is close to the nozzle 45. This allows the material to be supplied from the supply unit 12 to a position close to the nozzle 45, which becomes particularly hot in the water plasma J, thereby increasing the reliability of the decomposition process of the material to be decomposed by effectively using the high-temperature area of ​​the water plasma J. As a result, the decomposition ability of the water plasma J can be effectively exerted. Therefore, according to this embodiment, it is possible to simultaneously achieve simplification of the cooling structure and effective exertion of the decomposition ability of the water plasma J, which are in a trade-off relationship.

[0054] In addition, since the supply unit 12 is attached to the injection port forming body 44, the structure can be simplified by eliminating the need for a support structure for the supply unit 12. Furthermore, the relative position of the supply unit 12 with respect to the injection port forming body 44 can be stably maintained, and the injection position of the decomposition target relative to the water plasma J can be prevented from shifting over time due to vibrations caused by the injection of the water plasma J, etc.

[0055] In addition, the nozzle orifice 45 of the water plasma J and the nozzle orifice 80 for the decomposition object are both formed on planes that are parallel in the vertical and horizontal directions. This allows the inclination angle α of the ejection direction S1 of the decomposition object to be set within the above-mentioned range, and makes it possible to supply the decomposition object to a high-temperature region of the water plasma J close to the ejection orifice 45 while gradually bringing the ejected decomposition object closer to the central axis C1 of the water plasma J.

[0056] 6A, the nozzle orifice 80 is disposed so that the central axis C1 of the jet orifice 45 is closer to the position P1 where the outer edge of the jet orifice forming body 44 passes, and the nozzle orifice 80 can be brought closer to the jet orifice 45. By bringing the nozzle orifice 80 closer to the jet orifice 45 in this way, the decomposition target can be supplied to a high-temperature region of the water plasma J close to the jet orifice 45.

[0057] Next, the reaction tube 13 and the reaction furnace 14 shown in FIG. 1 will be described.

[0058] The reaction tube 13 is supported via a predetermined support structure (not shown) inside the reaction furnace 14, and is formed of a cylindrical body 100 extending in the front-rear direction, which is the spray direction of the water plasma J. The cylindrical body 100 includes a first pipe member 101 provided at a position adjacent to the front of the water plasma generator 11, and a second pipe member 102 provided on the front end side of the first pipe member 101. Each of the pipe members 101, 102 is made of, for example, a carbon steel pipe for piping, and is a metallic cylindrical member having a single thickness formed in a layer structure.

[0059] Fig. 8A is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the reaction tube, and Fig. 8B is a perspective view of the reaction tube. As shown in Figs. 8A and 8B, the first tubular member 101 is formed so that the opening size (diameter) at the rear end position is larger than the cross-sectional area through which the water plasma J flows from rear to front. As a result, an inlet 103 is formed at the rear end side (one end side) of the first tubular member 101, which introduces air into the inside of the first tubular member 101 together with the water plasma J. The inner diameter of the circular inlet 103 can be set, for example, within a range greater than 110 mm and smaller than 200 mm.

[0060] The second pipe member 102 is formed with an opening size (diameter dimension) larger than that of the first pipe member 101, and receives at its rear end (one end) the front end (other end) of the first pipe member 101 over a predetermined front-rear width. The second pipe member 102 is provided on the same central axis as the first pipe member 101. Thus, a space is formed between the inner surface of the rear end side of the second pipe member 102 and the outer surface of the front end side of the first pipe member 101 over the entire 360° circumferential direction around the central axis, and this space is formed as a flow path 105. The flow path 105 communicates between the external space and the internal space of the cylindrical body 100.

[0061] A plurality of support shafts 107 extending in a radial direction are provided between the front end side of the first pipe member 101 and the rear end side of the second pipe member 102. As a result, the first pipe member 101 and the second pipe member 102 are connected via the plurality of support shafts 107, and the width of the flow passage 105 in the radial direction is maintained. The support shafts 107 are formed of bolts, screw members, etc. The support shafts 107 are provided at 90° intervals in the circumferential direction around the central axis of each pipe member 101, 102.

[0062] Returning to Fig. 1, the reactor 14 is disposed in front of the water plasma generator 11, and is provided at a position surrounding the reaction tube 13. The reactor 14 is provided penetrating the wall body 30. The penetration portion of the reactor 14 in the wall body 30 is fully welded, so that the reactor 14 is held by the wall body 30 and airtightness is maintained between them.

[0063] The reactor 14 includes a cooling vessel 110, a rear forming portion 111 having a stepped cylindrical shape provided at the rear of the cooling vessel 110, and a heat-resistant layer 112 provided along the inner circumference of the cooling vessel 110. The rear region of the reaction tube 13 is received inside the rear forming portion 111. The heat-resistant layer 112 is made of, for example, firebricks.

[0064] The cooling vessel 110 includes a cylindrical tube main body 115 and a front opening forming portion 116 formed on the front end side (opposite side to the water plasma generator 11) of the tube main body 115. The axial direction of the tube main body 115 is inclined so as to become lower with increasing distance from the water plasma generator 11.

[0065] The tube main body 115 and the front opening forming portion 116, which constitute the forming walls of the cooling container 110, have a double structure and form a single space 117 within their thickness through which the cooling water flows. A supply path 118 and a discharge path 119 for the cooling water are connected to this space 117. The supply path 118 is provided on the lower end side of the front opening forming portion 116, and the discharge path 119 is formed on the rear upper end side of the tube main body 115.

[0066] In the cooling container 110, cooling water is supplied from a supply path 118 via a pump (not shown) and introduced into the space 117. Then, the heat generated by the water plasma J is absorbed by the cooling water flowing from the supply path 118 to the discharge path 119 in the space 117, thereby obtaining a cooling effect for the cooling container 110.

[0067] When the water plasma J is sprayed from the chamber 17 of the water plasma generator 11 as described above, the water plasma J can be introduced into the reaction tube 13 from the inlet 103 as shown in Fig. 8A. In this state, the reaction tube 13 can prevent heat from diffusing to the periphery of the sprayed area immediately after the spraying of the water plasma J, and the sprayed area of ​​the water plasma J can be kept at a high temperature by covering it with the reaction tube 13. This makes it possible to reliably and efficiently perform the decomposition process of the decomposition target by the water plasma J inside the reaction tube 13, which is at a high temperature.

[0068] Moreover, in the decomposition process using the water plasma J, air (oxygen) can be introduced from the inlet 103 toward the inside of the first pipe member 101 together with the water plasma J. This makes it possible to suppress incomplete combustion in the decomposition process, and reduce the generation of soot.

[0069] Furthermore, since a flow path 105 is formed between the first pipe member 101 and the second pipe member 102, air can be introduced from outside the cylindrical body 100 not only to the inlet 103 near the injection position of the water plasma J, but also to the middle part in the injection direction of the water plasma J. This makes it possible to more effectively suppress incomplete combustion and soot generation during the decomposition process. Moreover, the air flow in the flow path 105 can also cool the connection part between the first pipe member 101 and the second pipe member 102 and its surroundings.

[0070] In addition, since the opening size of the second tubular member 102 is larger than that of the first tubular member 101, the cylindrical body 100 can be formed according to the shape of the water plasma J that is sprayed from the spray nozzle 45 and gradually expands.

[0071] If the diameter of each of the tubular members 101, 102 is too small, too much heat will be trapped inside and the tubular members will be easily affected by the heat of reaction between the water plasma J and the material to be decomposed, and if the diameter is too large, the heat inside will escape to the outside, reducing the effect of maintaining a high temperature. Therefore, the diameter of each of the tubular members 101, 102 must be set appropriately according to various conditions such as the capacity of the water plasma J, and taking this into consideration, it is advisable to set the inner diameter of the inlet 103 within the range of more than 110 mm and less than 200 mm, as described above.

[0072] During the decomposition process of the decomposition object, it can be cooled and used by passing cooling water through the thickness of the reactor 14. Since the heat-resistant layer 112 is provided along the inner circumference of the cooling container 110 in the reactor 14, the vaporized decomposition object is rapidly cooled near the inner circumference surface of the reactor 14, and it is possible to prevent the vaporized decomposition object from becoming liquid and adhering to the inner circumference surface to stain it.

[0073] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be modified in various ways. In the above-described embodiment, the size, shape, direction, and the like shown in the attached drawings are not limited to these, and can be modified as appropriate within the scope of the effects of the present invention. In addition, the present invention can be modified as appropriate without departing from the scope of the purpose of the present invention.

[0074] The installation positions and the number of the supply units 12 relative to the nozzle 45 in the above embodiment can be changed in various ways. In the above embodiment, the number of supply units 12 is two, and the nozzle port 80 and the nozzle port 45 are arranged on a virtual line L1 parallel to the left-right direction when viewed from the front-rear direction. However, for example, the direction of the virtual line L1 may be changed to a direction inclined with respect to the left-right direction. In other words, the supply units 12 may be arranged so that the nozzle port 80 and the nozzle port 45 are positioned side by side in a direction inclined with respect to the left-right direction. Furthermore, as long as it is possible to prevent the supplied decomposition object from penetrating through the water plasma, the supply units 12 may be shifted by a predetermined angle in the circumferential direction centered on the central axis C1 of the water plasma J with respect to the virtual line L1 when viewed from the front-rear direction.

[0075] Furthermore, the number of supply parts 12 may be three or more, and the decomposition target ejected from each supply part 12 may collide inside the water plasma J. When the number of supply parts 12 is three, the supply parts 12 may be provided at equal angular intervals of 120° in the circumferential direction centered on the central axis C1 of the water plasma J when viewed from the front-rear direction. The angular interval may be 90° when there are four supply parts 12, 72° when there are five supply parts 12, and 60° when there are six supply parts 12. In short, in the present invention, it is sufficient that the decomposition target ejected from at least one of the multiple supply parts 12 and the decomposition target ejected from a supply part 12 other than the one supply part 12 collide inside the water plasma J.

[0076] In addition, since an aluminum rod for generating an arc discharge AR may be installed in a position directly above the nozzle 45 in preparation for generating the water plasma J, it is advisable to position the supply unit 12 so as to avoid the aluminum rod.

[0077] In the above embodiment, the supply unit 12 is attached to the jet port forming body 44, but the supply unit 12 may be formed so as to be integrally connected to the jet port forming body 44. Furthermore, as long as heat can be transferred between the jet port forming body 44 and the supply unit 12, a structure such as a spacer may be interposed between them.

[0078] Furthermore, the water plasma generator 11 is not limited to use in waste treatment, but can be used in any treatment that utilizes water plasma, such as thermal spraying. [Industrial Applicability]

[0079] The present invention has an effect of effectively exerting the decomposition power of the water plasma injected from the water plasma generating device. [Explanation of symbols]

[0080] 10: Decomposition treatment device 11: Water plasma generator 12: Supply section 13: Reaction tube 14: Reactor 16: Cathode 17: Chamber 18: Anode 44: Nozzle forming body 45: Nozzle 80: Nozzle mouth AR: Arc discharge J: Water plasma

Claims

1. a water plasma generator that injects water plasma by passing an arc discharge through the inside of a vortex water flow; a supply unit that supplies a decomposition target to the water plasma by spraying the decomposition target, The water plasma generator includes a chamber for forming the vortex water flow by water supplied therein and for spraying the water plasma from a nozzle, and an anode and a cathode for generating an arc discharge passing through the vortex water flow in the chamber, the anode being provided at a position near the nozzle outside the chamber, When viewed from the direction of a central axis of the water plasma injected from the injection port, a plurality of the supply units are provided in a circumferential direction around the central axis, A decomposition treatment apparatus characterized in that the decomposition object ejected from at least one of the multiple supply parts collides with the decomposition object ejected from a supply part other than the at least one supply part inside the water plasma.

2. 2 . The decomposition treatment apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the supply units are provided on both sides of the injection port when viewed in a direction of a central axis of the water plasma injected from the injection port.

3. The supply unit is provided with two nozzles each having a nozzle port for ejecting the decomposition target, 3. The decomposition treatment apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the nozzle openings and the injection openings of the two supply units are arranged on the same line when viewed in the direction of a central axis of the water plasma injected from the injection opening.

4. The supply unit ejects the decomposition object in an axial direction, 4. The decomposition processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the directions in which the material to be decomposed is ejected from the nozzle openings of the two supply units are symmetrical with respect to a central axis of the water plasma.

5. The decomposition treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that the angle of the ejection direction of the material to be decomposed from the nozzle openings in the two supply sections is set within a range of greater than 45° and less than 90° with respect to an imaginary line passing through the nozzle openings and parallel to the central axis of the water plasma.

6. the chamber includes a jet nozzle forming body that forms the jet nozzle and is cooled by water supplied to the inside of the chamber; 6. The decomposition processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the supply unit is disposed on the jet nozzle forming body and is cooled by heat transfer between the supply unit and the jet nozzle forming body.

7. 7. The decomposition processing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein a surface of the nozzle port for ejecting the decomposition object in the supply unit and a surface of the ejection port in the ejection port forming body are substantially parallel to each other.

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