Composite member, and construction method of composite segment

Abstract

To provide a composite member capable of being more easily constructed during installation into the ground.SOLUTION: A composite member 21 for forming an area capable of being drilled in part of a buried structure buried in the ground includes: resin wall materials 22A and 22B for forming an area capable of being drilled; a reinforcement member 24 attached to the wall materials 22A and 22B to penetrate the wall materials 22A and 22B. Both sides of the wall materials 22A and 22B in the thickness direction Z of the wall materials 22A and 22B can be filled with a filling material 31.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a construction method for synthetic members and synthetic segments.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, a construction method for constructing buried structures such as vertical shafts underground is known. In this construction method, a ring body formed by connecting a plurality of arc-shaped segments in a ring shape is pressed into the ground while being stacked in the vertical direction to construct a buried structure. After the construction of the buried structure, a lateral shaft branched in a direction different from the axial direction of the buried structure may be constructed by a shield tunneling machine or the like. Therefore, the segments (synthetic segments) in the excavable area, which is a part of the buried structure excavated by the shield tunneling machine, have a different configuration from the segments in the non-excavated part.

[0003] Conventionally, as a segment in the excavable area, one having a urethane resin foam reinforced with glass long fibers as an excavable material and a metal reinforcing plate member covering the inner surface of the urethane resin foam is known (Patent Document 1).

[0004] By the way, when excavating a branched lateral shaft after the construction of the buried structure, in the synthetic segment described in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to expose the urethane resin foam. Therefore, it is necessary to remove the metal reinforcing plate covering the inner surface of the synthetic segment. The reinforcing plate is formed of a thick steel plate to receive the external force applied to the synthetic segment during press-fitting. Therefore, the reinforcing plate has to be cut by oxy-fuel cutting, and the work burden of separating the reinforcing plate from the synthetic segment was large.

[0005] Therefore, in Patent Document 2, the synthetic segment is configured to include a resin outer member (wall material) that forms the outer wall of the caisson (embedded structure), a resin inner piece (wall material) that forms the inner wall, and a filler provided between the outer member and the inner piece. This enables easy excavation work on the caisson when excavating a lateral pit.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0006]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0007] However, in the case of Patent Document 2, when sinking a caisson assembled on the ground, the rod (reinforcing member) in the caisson protrudes toward the ground side. For this reason, there is a problem that the rod gets caught on the surrounding ground, making it difficult to control during the sinking of the synthetic segment (installation in the ground). Note that the synthetic segment before filling with a filler such as concrete constitutes a synthetic member.

[0008] The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object thereof is to provide a synthetic member that is easy to construct during sinking and a construction method for the synthetic segment.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0009] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes the following means. (1)Aspect 1 of the present invention is a synthetic member for forming an excavable area in a part of an embedded structure buried in the ground, comprising a resin wall material for forming the excavable area and a reinforcing member attached to the wall material so as to penetrate the wall material, and fillers can be filled on both sides in the thickness direction of the wall material in the wall material, which is a synthetic member. In this invention, an excavable area is formed by a synthetic member in a part of an embedded structure buried in the ground. Therefore, the excavable area can be excavated by a shield tunneling machine or the like. Further, by filling fillers in the portions on both sides in the thickness direction of the wall material in the wall material, for example, the reinforcing member can be embedded in the fillers on both sides in the thickness direction of the wall material. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the reinforcing member from protruding outside the filled filler and facilitate the construction when the synthetic member is immersed.

[0010] (2)Aspect 2 of the present invention may be the synthetic member according to (1), which includes a fixture attached to the reinforcing member and covering a part of the reinforcing member. In this invention, the reinforcing member can be more securely attached to the wall material by the fixture.

[0011] (3)Aspect 3 of the present invention may be the synthetic member according to (2), which includes a connecting member disposed between the wall material and the fixture and having an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the fixture. In this invention, the force acting on the fixture can be more dispersed and transmitted to the wall material by the connecting member.

[0012] (4)Aspect 4 of the present invention may be the synthetic member according to any one of (1) to (3), which includes a rib member provided on the surface of the wall material facing the thickness direction of the wall material. In this invention, the contact area of the wall material and the rib member as a whole with the filler increases compared to the contact area of the wall material alone with the filler. Therefore, the adhesion strength between the wall material and the filler can be enhanced.

[0013] (5)Aspect 5 of the present invention may be the synthetic member according to (3) or (4), wherein at least one of the reinforcing member and the connecting member is made of resin. In this invention, at least one of the reinforcing member and the connecting member can be excavated more reliably by a shield tunneling machine or the like.

[0014] (6)Aspect 6 of the present invention may be the synthetic member according to (3) or (4), wherein at least one of the reinforcing member and the connecting member is made of glass fiber reinforced resin. In this invention, at least one of the reinforcing member and the connecting member can be formed to be relatively lightweight and high-strength, and can be excavated more reliably by a shield tunneling machine or the like.

[0015] (7)Aspect 7 of the present invention may be the synthetic member according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the filling material is formed of any one of concrete, mortar, and resin. In this invention, the filling material can be excavated more reliably by a shield tunneling machine or the like.

[0016] (8)Aspect 8 of the present invention may be the synthetic member according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein the arrangement density of the reinforcing member in the direction along the horizontal plane in the excavable region gradually decreases as it moves away from the centroid of the excavable region in the direction along the horizontal plane.

[0017] (9)Aspect 9 of the present invention is a method for constructing a synthetic segment, which includes a first step of installing the synthetic member according to any one of (1) to (8), and a second step of placing the filling material on both sides in the thickness direction with respect to the wall material to construct the synthetic segment. In this invention, a synthetic segment can be constructed using a synthetic member that facilitates construction during immersion.

Advantages of the Invention

[0018] In the synthetic member of the present invention, construction during immersion can be facilitated.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0020] Hereinafter, an embodiment of a method for constructing a synthetic member and a synthetic segment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7, taking the case where the buried structure in which this synthetic member is used is a caisson as an example. As shown in FIG. 1, for example, the caisson 1 is formed in a bottomed rectangular tube shape extending in the vertical direction. In FIG. 1, the bottom concrete of the caisson 1 is not shown. The shape of the caisson 1 is not limited to this. The caisson 1 is buried in the ground G. The caisson 1 includes a wall body 10 and a synthetic segment 20. The wall body 10 is a reinforced concrete wall in which reinforcing bars 12 are embedded inside the main body concrete 11. The wall body 10 is formed in a rectangular tube shape and constitutes the basic shape of the caisson 1. As shown in FIG. 3, the wall body 10 is formed with a through hole (notch) 10a that penetrates the wall of the wall body 10 in the thickness direction of the wall. For example, the through hole 10a has a rectangular shape when viewed in the thickness direction. In FIG. 3, only the reinforcing bars 24 of the synthetic member 21 described later are shown. Note that the shape of the through hole 10a is not limited to this.

[0021] As shown in FIG. 1, for example, the wall body 10 is integrally formed with a first portion 15, which is the portion below the through hole 10a, and a second portion 16, which is the portion of the wall body 10 other than the first portion 15. Excluding the bottom concrete, the first portion 15 is formed in a square tube shape. The lower end of the first portion 15 forms a blade portion 15a that gradually becomes thinner toward the bottom. The second portion 16 is C-shaped when viewed from the top to bottom.

[0022] 1 and 2, the composite segment 20 is formed in a wall shape that closes the through hole 10a of the wall main body 10. As shown in Fig. 2, the composite segment 20 has a plurality of composite members 21 of this embodiment and cut concrete (filler) 31. The number of composite members 21 included in the composite segment 20 may be one. The composite member 21 is a member for forming an excavable area 33 (see FIG. 3), which will be described later, in a part of the caisson 1. The composite member 21 includes wall materials 22A, 22B, a plurality of convex bar members 23A, 23B, a plurality of reinforcing bars (reinforcing members) 24, plates (connecting members) 25A, 25B, first nuts (fasteners) 26A, 26B, and second nuts (fasteners) 27A, 27B. In this embodiment, the configuration of the wall material 22A and the configuration of the wall material 22B are the same. Therefore, the configuration of the wall material 22A is indicated by adding the capital letter "A" to the number of the symbol or the number and the lower case letter. The configuration of the wall material 22B corresponding to the wall material 22A is indicated by adding the capital letter "B" to the same number or the number and the lower case letter as the symbol of the wall material 22A. In this way, duplicated explanations will be omitted. The same applies to the protruding members 23A, 23B, the plates 25A, 25B, etc.

[0023] In the following, the thickness direction, one side direction, and other directions described below will be described based on the wall material 22A. For example, the wall material 22A is formed in a flat plate shape. In this example, the wall material 22A has a rectangular shape when viewed in the thickness direction Z of the wall material 22A. Note that the shape of the wall material 22A is not limited to this. The wall member 22A is formed with a plurality of through holes 22cA corresponding to the plurality of reinforcing bars 24.

[0024] The plurality of rib members 23A are provided on a surface 22aA of the wall member 22A facing one side (first side) Z1 in the thickness direction Z (hereinafter, also simply referred to as one side Z1). Here, a first direction X and a second direction Y orthogonal to each other are defined along the surface 22aA. Among the thickness direction Z, the side opposite to the one side Z1 is referred to as the other side (second side) Z2 (hereinafter, also simply referred to as the other side Z2). Each rib member 23A extends along the one side Z1 and the first direction X. Here, that A extends along B means that the angle formed by A and B is 30 degrees or less. It is more preferable that this formed angle is 15 degrees or less. For example, A corresponds to the rib member 23A and B corresponds to the one side Z1. The plurality of rib members 23A are arranged at intervals in the second direction Y. Note that the number of rib members 23A provided in the composite member 21 may be one or more.

[0025] The reinforcing bar 24 is formed in a rod shape. The reinforcing bar 24 extends along the thickness direction Z. A male screw (not shown) is formed at an end of the reinforcing bar 24 on the other side Z2. The end of the reinforcing bar 24 on the other side Z2 is passed through the through hole 22cA of the wall member 22A. The end of the reinforcing bar 24 on the other side Z2 protrudes to the other side Z2 from the wall member 22A. The reinforcing bar 24 is provided on both sides (one side Z1 and the other side Z2) in the thickness direction Z with respect to the wall member 22A. Note that the number of reinforcing bars 24 provided in the composite member 21 may be one or more. The plate 25A is formed in a frustum of a cone shape. The plate 25A is formed with a through hole (reference numeral omitted). The outer diameter of the plate 25A is shorter than the length in the first direction X and the length in the second direction Y of the wall member 22A, respectively. The circular bottom surface of the plate 25A having a large outer diameter is in contact with the surface 22bA of the wall member 22A on the other side Z2 from the other side Z2 of the surface 22bA. The male screw of the reinforcing bar 24 is passed through the through hole of the plate 25A.

[0026] The nuts 26A and 27A are each formed in a cylindrical shape. Female threads that fit with the male thread of the reinforcing rib 24 are respectively formed on the inner surfaces of the nuts 26A and 27A. The outer diameter of the plate 25A is larger than the outer diameters of the nuts 26A and 27A. The first nut 26A is in contact with the circular top surface of the plate 25A where the outer diameter is small, from the other side Z2 of this top surface. The female thread of the first nut 26A is fitted with the male thread of the reinforcing rib 24. The second nut 27A is in contact with the surface 22aA of the wall member 22A, from one side Z1 of the surface 22aA. The female thread of the second nut 27A is fitted with the male thread of the reinforcing rib 24.

[0027] The nuts 26A and 27A cover the end portion (a part) of the other side Z2 of the reinforcing rib 24 from the outside in the radial direction of the reinforcing rib 24. The nuts 26A and 27A are attached by fitting them to the reinforcing rib 24. The nuts 26A and 27A sandwich the wall member 22A and the plate 25A in the thickness direction Z. The plate 25A is disposed between the wall member 22A and the first nut 26A. The reinforcing rib 24 is attached to the wall member 22A so as to penetrate the wall member 22A.

[0028] Here, as shown in FIG. 2, a reference plane S1 perpendicular to the thickness direction Z is defined at the center of the reinforcing rib 24 in the thickness direction Z. The wall member 22B, the plurality of rib members 23B, the plate 25B, the first nut 26B, the second nut 27B, and the wall member 22A, the plurality of rib members 23A, the plate 25A, the first nut 26A, the second nut 27A are each formed symmetrically with respect to the reference plane S1. That is, in the reinforcing rib 24, the wall member 22A is provided at the end portion of the other side Z2, and the wall member 22B is provided at the end portion of one side Z1. The plurality of rib members 23A and the plurality of rib members 23B are arranged so as to face each other in the thickness direction Z with the concrete to be cut 31 interposed therebetween. Note that these do not necessarily have to be formed symmetrically with respect to a plane.

[0029] The wall materials 22A and 22B, the plurality of rib members 23A and 23B, the reinforcing bars 24, the plates 25A and 25B, the first nuts 26A and 26B, and the second nuts 27A and 27B of the composite member 21 configured as described above are each made of glass fiber reinforced resin (GFRP: Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics, resin). Note that at least one of the reinforcing bars 24 and the plates 25A and 25B may be made of glass fiber reinforced resin. Each of the above components of the composite member 21 may be made of CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics), concrete, glass long fiber reinforced plastic foam (FFU), resin (synthetic resin), etc. At least one of the reinforcing bars 24 and the plates 25A and 25B may be made of resin.

[0030] As shown in FIG. 1, for example, the composite member 21 is arranged such that the thickness direction Z is along the horizontal plane. The plurality of composite members 21 are arranged side by side in the vertical direction. The first direction X in which each rib member 23A extends is preferably a direction along the horizontal plane.

[0031] As shown in FIG. 2, the concrete to be cut 31 can be filled on both sides of the wall materials 22A and 22B in the thickness direction Z. The statement that the concrete to be cut 31 can be filled on both sides of the wall material 22A in the thickness direction Z means that the reinforcing bars 24 protrude from both sides of the wall material 22A in the thickness direction Z, and by appropriately providing a formwork, the concrete to be cut 31 can be filled between the wall material 22A and the formwork. The concrete to be cut 31 is filled on one side Z1 and the other side Z2 with respect to the wall materials 22A and 22B, respectively. That is, the concrete to be cut 31 is arranged in the thickness direction Z so as to cover the space between the wall material 22A and the wall material 22B and the end portions of the reinforcing bars 24 that protrude outside the wall materials 22A and 22B in the thickness direction Z. In this example, the outer surface of the other side Z2 of the concrete 31 to be cut and the end surface of the other side Z2 of the reinforcing bar 24 are flush. The outer surface of the one side Z1 of the concrete 31 to be cut and the end surface of the one side Z1 of the reinforcing bar 24 are flush.

[0032] The concrete 31 to be cut is made of concrete. Note that the filling material is not limited to concrete and may be made of mortar or resin. As the resin, urethane, epoxy, etc. are used.

[0033] As shown in FIG. 3, the synthetic segment 20 configured as described above has a rectangular shape corresponding to the through-hole 10a of the wall body 10 when viewed in the thickness direction Z. The synthetic segment 20 is disposed in the through-hole 10a of the wall body 10 and is integrated with the wall body 10. An excavable region 33 is formed at the central portion of the synthetic segment 20 when viewed in the thickness direction Z. As shown in FIG. 3, for example, the excavable region 33 has a circular shape when viewed in the thickness direction Z. The wall materials 22A, 22B, etc. constituting the synthetic segment 20 form the excavable region 33.

[0034] As shown in FIG. 3, it is preferable that the arrangement density of the reinforcing bars 24 in the direction along the horizontal plane in the excavable region 33 gradually decreases as the distance from the centroid B of the excavable region 33 of the synthetic segment 20 (caisson 1) in the direction along the horizontal plane increases. Here, the arrangement density of the reinforcing bars 24 in the direction along the horizontal plane means the number of reinforcing bars 24 arranged per unit length in the direction along the horizontal plane. By configuring in this way, the number of reinforcing bars 24 can be reduced and the reinforcing bars 24 can be arranged efficiently.

[0035] It is preferable that the reinforcing bars 12 of the wall body 10 extend into the concrete 31 of the portion other than the excavable region 33 in the synthetic segment 20. By configuring in this way, the joint strength between the wall body 10 and the synthetic segment 20 can be increased.

[0036] Next, a method for constructing the caisson 1 configured as described above in the ground G will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 4, on the ground, in a formwork (not shown), the main body concrete 11 is placed on the appropriately arranged reinforcing bars 12 to manufacture the first part 15 made of reinforced concrete. No bottom concrete is formed in this first part 15. As shown in FIG. 5, the assembled first part 15 is arranged with the blade part 15a facing downward, and after the first part 15 is press-fitted downward into the ground G as indicated by the arrow A3, the earth and sand in the first part 15 is discharged upward as indicated by the arrow A4.

[0037] When the first part 15 is press-fitted into the ground G to a certain extent, as shown in FIG. 6, the reinforcing bars 12 constituting the second part 16 are arranged on the first part 15. As shown in FIG. 7, a formwork 50 for manufacturing the second part 16 and a formwork 52 for manufacturing the synthetic segment 20 are respectively arranged on the first part 15. A plurality of synthetic members 21 are arranged (installed) in the formwork 52 (first step).

[0038] The main body concrete 11 is placed in the formwork 50 to manufacture the second part 16. The cut concrete 31 is placed in the formwork 52 to manufacture the synthetic segment 20. At this time, the cut concrete 31 is placed on both sides in the thickness direction Z with respect to the wall material 22A to construct the synthetic segment 20 (second step). When the formworks 50 and 52 are removed, the caisson 1 is constructed. By performing the first step and the second step, the construction method of the synthetic segment 20 is carried out. As shown in FIG. 1, after the constructed caisson 1 is press-fitted downward into the ground G as indicated by the arrow A6, the earth and sand in the first part 15 is discharged upward as indicated by the arrow A7.

[0039] At this time, the vertical load is borne by the concrete 31 to be cut. Therefore, the wall members 22A and 22B are not subjected to a load large enough to cause crushing as in the prior art. For this reason, a relatively inexpensive resin composite material can be used for the wall members 22A and 22B, and an increase in the manufacturing cost of the synthetic member 21 can be suppressed. And since the reinforcing bars 24 are embedded in the concrete 31 to be cut, the outer surfaces of the plurality of synthetic members 21 are not caught in the ground G.

[0040] According to the required vertical length of the caisson 1, a step of manufacturing the first part 15 on the second part 16 and the synthetic segment 20 may be performed. When the bottom concrete is placed on the bottom surface of the first part 15, the caisson 1 is constructed.

[0041] The constructed caisson 1 is used by excavating the excavable area 33 with a shield excavator (not shown). Since the outer surfaces of the plurality of synthetic members 21 are not caught in the ground G, excavation by the shield excavator can be started immediately.

[0042] As described above, in the synthetic member 21 of the present embodiment, an excavable area 33 is formed by a plurality of synthetic members 21 in a part of the caisson 1 embedded in the ground G. Therefore, the excavable area 33 can be excavated by a shield excavator or the like. Further, by filling the concrete 31 to be cut in the portions on both sides in the thickness direction Z of the wall members 22A and 22B, for example, the reinforcing bars 24 can be embedded in the concrete 31 to be cut on both sides in the thickness direction Z of the wall members 22A and 22B. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the reinforcing bars 24 from protruding outside the filled concrete 31 to be cut, and facilitate the construction when the synthetic member 21 is sunk.

[0043] The synthetic member 21 includes nuts 26A and 27A. Therefore, the reinforcing bars 24 can be more reliably attached to the wall member 22A by the nuts 26A and 27A. The composite member 21 includes a plate 25A. The plate 25A can disperse the force acting on the first nut 26A and transmit it to the wall member 22A.

[0044] The composite member 21 includes a plurality of rib members 23A. Therefore, compared with the contact area of the wall member 22A alone with the cut concrete 31, the contact area of the wall member 22A and the plurality of rib members 23A as a whole with the cut concrete 31 increases. Therefore, the adhesion strength between the wall member 22A and the cut concrete 31 can be enhanced. At least one of the reinforcing bars 24 and the plate 25A may be made of resin. In this case, at least one of the reinforcing bars 24 and the plate 25A can be more reliably excavated by a shield tunneling machine or the like.

[0045] At least one of the reinforcing bars 24 and the plate 25A may be made of glass fiber reinforced resin. In this case, at least one of the reinforcing bars 24 and the plate 25A can be formed to be relatively lightweight and high-strength, and can be more reliably excavated by a shield tunneling machine or the like. The cut concrete 31 is formed of concrete. Therefore, the cut concrete 31 can be more reliably excavated by a shield tunneling machine or the like.

[0046] Also, in the construction method of the composite segment 20 of the present embodiment, the composite segment 20 can be constructed using the composite member 21 that facilitates the construction during sinking.

[0047] As described above, although one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and configurations such as changes, combinations, and deletions within the scope not departing from the gist of the present invention are also included. For example, in the above embodiment, the composite member 21 may not include the wall members 22B, the plurality of rib members 23A, 23B, the plates 25A, 25B, and the nuts 26A, 26B, 27A, 27B.

[0048] In the embodiment, the buried structure is assumed to be a caisson, but the buried structure is not limited to this, and a shaft wall or the like may also be used.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0049] 1 Caisson (buried structure) 20 Synthetic segment 21 Synthetic member 22A, 22B Wall material 23A, 23B Rib member 24 Reinforcing bar (reinforcing member) 25A, 25B Plate (connecting member) 26A, 26B First nut (fastening tool) 27A, 27B Second nut (fastening tool) 31 Cut concrete (filling material) 33 Excavable area B Center of figure G Subsoil Z Thickness direction

Claims

1. A composite member for forming an excavable area in a part of an embedded structure embedded in the ground, a resin-made wall material for forming the excavable area, a reinforcing member attached to the wall material so as to penetrate the wall material, and comprising: A composite member in which fillers can be filled on both sides in the thickness direction of the wall material in the wall material.

2. The composite member according to claim 1, comprising a fixture attached to the reinforcing member and covering a part of the reinforcing member.

3. The composite member according to claim 2, comprising a connecting member disposed between the wall material and the fixture and having an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the fixture.

4. The composite member according to claim 1 or 2, comprising a rib member provided on a surface of the wall material facing the thickness direction of the wall material.

5. The composite member according to claim 3, wherein at least one of the reinforcing member and the connecting member is made of resin.

6. The composite member according to claim 3, wherein at least one of the reinforcing member and the connecting member is made of glass fiber reinforced resin.

7. The composite member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the filler is formed of any one of concrete, mortar, and resin.

8. In the composite member according to claim 1 or 2, the arrangement density of the reinforcing member in the direction along the horizontal plane in the excavable area gradually decreases as the distance from the centroid of the excavable area in the direction along the horizontal plane increases.

9. A first step of installing the composite member according to claim 1 or 2, A second step of placing the filler on both sides in the thickness direction with respect to the wall material to construct a composite segment, A construction method of a composite segment that performs

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