Fluid delivery system and method for treatment

Abstract

To provide a system and related method for delivering a cooled fluid during treatment of a patient.SOLUTION: A treatment system includes a fluid cooling supply system for chilling a liquid coolant and delivering it to a patient. The fluid cooling supply system includes a cooling device and a heat exchanger device. The heat exchanger device is biased to the cooling device and is in fluid communication with a treatment device in a patient. The fluid cooling supply system includes at least one biasing mechanism to provide a given biasing force between the heat exchanger device and the cooling device to effectuate and improve heat transfer. The liquid coolant may be circulated through an energy delivery device positioned in an airway of a patient to preserve tissue. The system is controlled to circulate the liquid coolant at a given temperature and pressure for a selected amount of time during pulmonary treatment of a patient.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] (Related Applications) This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61 / 779,371, filed on Mar. 13, 2013, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0002] (Technical Field) The present invention generally relates to systems and related methods for delivering a cooled fluid during treatment of a patient.

Background Art

[0003] (Background) (Description of Related Art) Some conventional medical procedures involve directly supplying a cooled liquid to the human body. For example, the cooled liquid can be supplied to the bloodstream to cool an organ such as the brain and protect the organ from damage.

[0004] Other conventional medical procedures involve supplying a cooled liquid to a device used to treat the human body. For example, some particularly effective procedures for lung diseases are described in U.S. Patent No. 8,088,127, entitled "Systems, Assemblies, and Methods for Treating a Bronchial Tree," and U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2011 / 0152855, entitled "Delivery Devices With Coolable Energy Emitting Assemblies." In one exemplary procedure described in these documents, a lung treatment system ​​​​​​​​​​, delivers energy to damage nerve trunks extending along the patient's airway. In an example, energy is delivered to a coolable energy emitter assembly and simultaneously To avoid or limit destruction of the target tissue, the chilled fluid is introduced into the energy emitter assembly. The energy is delivered to the refrigerant cell to cool the energy emitter assembly.

[0005] Conventional coolant delivery systems typically deliver coolant from a container to the patient and / or treatment device. Depending on the type of treatment being performed, a conventional coolant delivery system may be used. The stem can have a relatively large reservoir that holds as much as 5 gallons of coolant. The coolant is supplied to the thermal treatment catheter from the large container. In most cases, the coolant is simply maintained at room temperature. A closed-loop system where the fluid is pumped through a device in the patient and then returned to a reservoir. Has. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] (overview) Delivering coolant to a patient's treatment site during a procedure presents several challenges to the practitioner. It is recognized that it is possible to, for example, Maintaining a desired temperature (or temperature range) at a treatment site within a patient can be difficult. This is particularly true from the point at which the fluid is cooled and delivered to the patient to treat the tissue. This is due to heat loss that may have occurred up to that point.

[0007] Conventional coolant delivery systems utilize a cooling fluid supply to a treatment device positioned within a patient. Provide a sufficiently small and efficient closed-loop system that enables control of the temperature and pressure of the liquid It has been recognized that this cannot be done. Furthermore, conventional coolant supply systems can be expensive and may require extensive and time-consuming sterilization between treatments of different patients in some cases Moreover, conventional coolant supply systems are not ideal for use during certain procedures such as the lung procedures discussed above due to the size of the insertion device, the temperature at the treatment site , the duration of the treatment, requirements regarding the controllability of the system, and other requirements that may be specific to a particular treatment of a patient It has been recognized that it may not be ideal for use during certain procedures

Means for Solving the Problems

[0008] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a treatment system includes a fluid cooling supply system for treating a patient, cools the fluid, and circulates the cooled fluid through a treatment device such as an energy delivery device positioned inside the patient The fluid cooling supply system can include (or be combined with) a fluid container having a fluid or coolant contained therein The fluid cooling supply system can include a cooling device having a thermal profile for heat-treating the fluid The heat exchanger can be removably coupled to the cooling device with a given biasing force to effect heat conduction from the fluid contained within or moving through the heat exchanger The heat exchanger can be a replaceable or disposable heat exchanger cartridge including a heat transfer surface and a fluid passage extending through the cartridge At least a portion of the fluid passage within the cartridge is disposed adjacent to the heat transfer surface The fluid passage allows passage of the fluid during heat treatment of the fluid by the cooling device ​​​ Thus, when the cartridge is coupled to the cooling device, the heat transfer surface and the thermal rate are biased against each other, and heat is drawn from the fluid contained within the fluid passageways of the cartridge by operating the cooling device; and the cooled fluid can be supplied to the patient for treatment.

[0009] In one aspect, the heat exchange cartridge is coupled to a plate having a heat transfer surface by a flexible, preferably disposable, thermoformed tray. The flexible thermoformed tray defines a recessed serpentine structure that forms fluid passageways when the tray is coupled to the plate. A first end portion of the passageway includes an inlet port for coupling to an inlet supply line, and a second end portion of the passageway includes an outlet port for coupling to an outlet supply line. The depth and width of the recessed serpentine structure are determined based on a desired residence time of the fluid

[0010] within the cartridge, and the residence time is calculated based on the flow rate of the fluid and a desired temperature change of the fluid from the inlet to the outlet of the cartridge. In another aspect, the heat exchanger is a bag removably coupled to the cooling device with a given biasing force to effect heat conduction from a fluid contained within or moving through the bag. The bag can be removably coupled to the cooling device by a plate such that the bag is positioned between the cooling device and the plate, or the It can be biased to the cooling device by a device such as this. The bag can extend through the bag and can be provided with a fluid passage that meanders through the entire bag. At least, a part of the bag is arranged adjacent to the cooling device, and the cooling device is biased against the fluid contained in the fluid passage of the bag so as to draw heat from the fluid; and the cooled fluid can be supplied to the patient for treatment. A fluid cooling supply system can further include a pump for supplying and / or circulating a volume of fluid to the patient. At least one control device can be coupled to the cooling device and the pump to adjust the amount of heat conduction, the volume of fluid, and the pressure supplied to the patient. The fluid cooling supply system can also include a supply path and a return path, and these paths can include a series of lines or tubes or fluid conduits. The supply path starts from a fluid container, and in the fluid container, the fluid is passed across a heat exchanger cartridge to cool the fluid, and then across to a treatment device within the patient for cooling at the treatment site. The return path starts from a treatment device within the patient, and the return path can cross back to the fluid container for continuous circulation of the fluid through the system. For this purpose, the fluid container, the supply tube and the return tube, the fluid passage of the cartridge, and the treatment device are all in fluid communication with each other. Therefore, the cooling device cools the fluid circulated by the pump through the entire system during the treatment of the patient.

[0011] As can be understood in any aspect of the present disclosure, the fluid cooling supply system can be biased to draw heat from the fluid contained in the fluid passage of the bag by operating the cooling device; and the cooled fluid can be supplied to the patient for treatment. A fluid cooling supply system can further include a pump for supplying and / or circulating a volume of fluid to the patient. At least one control device can be coupled to the cooling device and the pump to adjust the amount of heat conduction, the volume of fluid, and the pressure supplied to the patient. The fluid cooling supply system can also include a supply path and a return path, and these paths can include a series of lines or tubes or fluid conduits. The supply path starts from a fluid container, and in the fluid container, the fluid is passed across a heat exchanger cartridge to cool the fluid, and then across to a treatment device within the patient for cooling at the treatment site. The return path starts from a treatment device within the patient, and the return path can cross back to the fluid container for continuous circulation of the fluid through the system. For this purpose, the fluid container, the supply tube and the return tube, the fluid passage of the cartridge, and the treatment device are all in fluid communication with each other. Therefore, the cooling device cools the fluid circulated by the pump through the entire system during the treatment of the patient. It can be biased to draw heat from the fluid contained in the fluid passage of the bag by operating the cooling device; and the cooled fluid can be supplied to the patient for treatment. A fluid cooling supply system can further include a pump for supplying and / or circulating a volume of fluid to the patient. At least one control device can be coupled to the cooling device and the pump to adjust the amount of heat conduction, the volume of fluid, and the pressure supplied to the patient. The fluid cooling supply system can also include a supply path and a return path, and these paths can include a series of lines or tubes or fluid conduits. The supply path starts from a fluid container, and in the fluid container, the fluid is passed across a heat exchanger cartridge to cool the fluid, and then across to a treatment device within the patient for cooling at the treatment site. The return path starts from a treatment device within the patient, and the return path can cross back to the fluid container for continuous circulation of the fluid through the system. For this purpose, the fluid container, the supply tube and the return tube, the fluid passage of the cartridge, and the treatment device are all in fluid communication with each other. Therefore, the cooling device cools the fluid circulated by the pump through the entire system during the treatment of the patient. It can be biased to draw heat from the fluid contained in the fluid passage of the bag by operating the cooling device; and the cooled fluid can be supplied to the patient for treatment. A fluid cooling supply system can further include a pump for supplying and / or circulating a volume of fluid to the patient. At least one control device can be coupled to the cooling device and the pump to adjust the amount of heat conduction, the volume of fluid, and the pressure supplied to the patient. The fluid cooling supply system can also include a supply path and a return path, and these paths can include a series of lines or tubes or fluid conduits. The supply path starts from a fluid container, and in the fluid container, the fluid is passed across a heat exchanger cartridge to cool the fluid, and then across to a treatment device within the patient for cooling at the treatment site. The return path starts from a treatment device within the patient, and the return path can cross back to the fluid container for continuous circulation of the fluid through the system. For this purpose, the fluid container, the supply tube and the return

[0012] As can be understood in any aspect of the present disclosure, the fluid cooling supply system It can be a closed loop system or an open loop system. In a closed loop system, the flow The fluid is continuously fed from and returned to the fluid reservoir for recirculation. In this system, fluid is delivered from a fluid container to the treatment device and then circulated through the treatment device. It is discarded after being recycled.

[0013] With respect to certain components of the fluid cooling supply system introduced above, several aspects According to the present invention, the fluid container may be a bag or other device capable of holding a fluid. In a closed loop system, the fluid container has a supply port for providing fluid and a supply port for discharging fluid through the system. a collapsible bag (e.g., saline) having a return port for receiving fluid once circulated therethrough; (such as an IV bag used to hold and deliver saline or other fluids). The use of a reusable bag advantageously allows fluid to be pumped from the fluid container through the system. The resulting fluid flow depends on whether the pumping is forward or reverse. It can respond to pressure changes.

[0014] In some embodiments, the fluid container is connected to a closed loop system via a coaxial bag spike assembly. The coaxial double spike has a lumen within the lumen of the female luer. A hypotube may be provided for insertion through the inner passage and the outer passage. The assembly defines a coaxial arrangement of fluid supply and return lines. Bag spike adapter with two ports for connecting to the inner and outer passages For example, the inner passage may be in fluid communication with a return line and the outer passage may be in fluid communication with a supply line. In an alternative embodiment, the outer passage is in fluid communication with the return line and the inner passage is in fluid communication with the return line. The side passage is in fluid communication with the supply line. Thus, the coaxial bag spike assembly eliminates the need for separate supply and return spikes by allowing fluid to flow simultaneously in and out of the fluid container. This also enables a standard commercially available IV bag to be utilized as the coolant container. The cooling device can be any suitable cooling device such as a thermoelectric cooler (hereinafter "TEC") having a thermal plate for efficient heat conduction from the fluid when the heat exchanger is coupled to the thermal plate. As is well known in the art, TECs are commonly used to cool appliances and control the amount of heat conduction from materials or fluids. TECs use the Peltier effect (or thermoelectric effect) to generate a heat flux between the junctions of two different types of materials. Thus, a typical TEC comprises a "hot plate" and a "cold plate" having a plurality of p-type and n-type semiconductors sandwiched between the plates. When a voltage is applied across the semiconductors, the TEC conducts heat from the cold plate to the hot plate, and this heat is dissipated from the hot plate, for example, by a heat sink and a fan. Thus, the cooling device of the present disclosure is preferably a TEC having a thermal (cold) plate biased against a heat exchanger cartridge to remove heat from the fluid contained within the cartridge. It will be understood that the same result of cooling the fluid can be achieved using other cooling devices or systems, such as a cooling system or other cooling system coupled to or comprising a heat exchanger.

[0015]

[0016] The pump is configured to supply and circulate the chilled fluid through the treatment device. The pump may be further configured to regulate the volume and pressure of fluid passing through the system. In some embodiments, the pump is connected adjacent to the cooling device and the cartridge. A peristaltic pump is a device that comes into contact with a fluid to maintain its sterility. It has the ability to draw and push fluid through a tube without touching it. The pump draws fluid through the cartridge with negative pressure and pumps it through the cartridge with positive pressure. a supply between the heat exchanger cartridge and the patient to provide chilled fluid to the device; In this way, the cartridge is positioned below the Positioning the pump in the stream provides several advantages. The resulting negative pressure within the ridges allows for a more precise selection of cartridge materials and design. Allows for more flexibility in the use of smaller and thinner components within the cartridge. This results in increased heat transfer from the fluid during system operation. The positive pressure supplied to the energy delivery device is at least 80 psi and the fluid is at least 10 pF. The fluid is returned from the treatment device to the fluid container and / or cartridge at a pressure of 0.1 sq. m. Pressure in the system may vary beyond such values depending on system and patient requirements. It is possible.

[0017] In some embodiments, the pump operates the system at a flow rate of between 70 milliliters and 160 milliliters per minute. configured to circulate a fluid through the system, but the flow rate does not vary beyond such range. Preferably, the flow rate is 100 milliliters per minute. P is configured to supply a fluid cooled at a pressure of 25 psi to 150 psi to a treatment device However, the flow rate may vary beyond such a range. Preferably, the pressure is 80 psi to 100 psi is.

[0018] In some embodiments, the pump comprises a forward gear and a reverse gear. The reverse gear is configured to reverse the flow of fluid through the system to remove gas from the system before or during a patient's treatment is adapted. By removing gas or air bubbles from the system, an unobstructed fluid supply during treatment is enabled and the cooling of the fluid in the cartridge is maximized. The cartridge is positioned substantially perpendicular to the horizontal and can comprise an inlet port positioned at the upper portion of the cartridge and an outlet port positioned at the lower portion of the cartridge This configuration is used to reverse the direction of the pump to drive the fluid in the system in reverse, thereby removing gas from the fluid passage of the cartridge. In particular, the gas rises vertically through the cartridge and finally enters the fluid container to dissipate. The pump is then engaged to supply a fluid cooled by the forward gear of the pump during a patient's treatment Even during the normal forward operation of the pump, gas that may be present in the cartridge can have a tendency to rise upward due to the particular arrangement and configuration of the cartridge This can be.

[0019] In some embodiments, the fluid passage comprises at least one corner adjacent to the transition between the first sidewall and the second sidewall of the fluid passage. This at least one corner is configured such that during operation of the system, no air bubbles are trapped near or adjacent to this at least one corner​​​​​​​​ It can have a radius or chamfer at the transition between the first side wall and the second side wall of the passage. In addition, the fluid passage can have a cross-sectional outer shape with rounded corners at the upper and lower corners of the cross-sectional outer shape. These features that reduce the cross-sectional area of the fluid passage can assist in overcoming the surface tension of air bubbles that might otherwise clog at the corners due to the vertical orientation of the cartridge. In one aspect, the heat exchanger cartridge comprises a first plate and a second plate coupled to each other. The first plate comprises a heat-conductive surface that can be composed of copper, aluminum, and / or stainless steel. The heat-conductive surface is preferably composed of copper, more preferably composed of a plated metal such as anodized aluminum or silver-plated copper or an anodized metal.

[0020] The second plate includes a heat insulator such as a polymer or plastic and has a serpentine groove that defines at least a portion of the fluid passage. The serpentine groove can have a substantially flat outer shape with respect to the thermal plate to maximize heat conduction from the fluid. The cartridge can comprise an input port coupled to a fluid container for supplying fluid and an output port coupled to a treatment device for supplying cooled fluid. Thus, the input port and the output port are in fluid communication with the fluid passage and the treatment device. In some aspects, the cartridge comprises a variable-volume container housed within the cartridge such that fluid is drawn only from this variable-volume container and not from any other source. In such an aspect, then, the fluid may then be discarded after circulating through the treatment device (open-loop system). In some aspects, the cartridge comprises a variable-volume container housed within the cartridge such that fluid is drawn only from this variable-volume container and not from any other source. In such an aspect, then, the fluid may then be discarded after circulating through the treatment device (open-loop system). In some aspects, the cartridge comprises a variable-volume container housed within the cartridge such that fluid is drawn only from this variable-volume container and not from any other source. In such an aspect, then, the fluid may then be discarded after circulating through the treatment device (open-loop system). In some aspects, the cartridge comprises a variable-volume container housed within the cartridge such that fluid is drawn only from this variable-volume container and not from any other source. In such an aspect, then, the fluid may then be discarded after circulating through the treatment device (open-loop system). In some aspects, the cartridge comprises a variable-volume container housed within the cartridge such that fluid is drawn only from this variable-volume container and not from any other source. In such an aspect, then, the fluid may then be discarded after circulating through the treatment device (open-loop system). In some aspects, the cartridge comprises a variable-volume container housed within the cartridge such that fluid is drawn only from this variable-volume container and not from any other source. In such an aspect, then, the fluid may then be discarded after circulating through the treatment device (open-loop system). In some aspects, the cartridge comprises a variable-volume container housed within the cartridge such that fluid is drawn only from this variable-volume container and not from any other source. In such an aspect, then, the fluid may then be discarded after circulating through the treatment device (open-loop system). In some aspects, the cartridge comprises a variable-volume container housed within the cartridge such that fluid is drawn only from this variable-volume container and not from any other source. In such an aspect, then, the fluid may then be discarded after circulating through the treatment device (open-loop system). In some aspects, the cartridge comprises a variable-volume container housed within the cartridge such that fluid is drawn only from this variable-volume container and not from any other source. In such an aspect, then, the fluid may then be discarded after circulating through the treatment device (open-loop system). In some aspects, the cartridge comprises a variable-volume container housed within the cartridge such that fluid is drawn only from this variable-volume container and not from any other source. In such an aspect, then, the fluid may then be discarded after circulating through the treatment device (open-loop system). In some aspects, the cartridge comprises a variable-volume container housed within the cartridge such that fluid is drawn only from this variable-volume container and not from any other source. In such an aspect, then, the fluid may then be discarded after circulating through the treatment device (open-loop system). The fluid may be returned to the inlet of the variable volume container (closed loop system). In some embodiments, the return fluid passage extends through a portion of the cartridge, and at least a portion of the return fluid passage is disposed adjacent to the heat transfer surface so that the fluid in the return fluid passage is pre-cooled before being returned to the fluid container for recirculation.

[0021] In one embodiment, the fluid cooling supply system can include at least one biasing mechanism for providing a sufficient biasing force between the cartridge and the cooling device. The biasing mechanism can be at least one magnet arranged to removably couple the cartridge to the cooling device. This at least one magnet can be magnetically coupled to at least one corresponding magnet adjacent to the thermal plate of the cooling device, or can be magnetically coupled to a magnetically attractable element of the cooling device. The at least one biasing mechanism can include two pairs of magnets positioned at opposite ends of the cartridge, each pair being coupleable to a corresponding pair of magnets adjacent to the thermal plate. The corresponding pairs of magnets can be fixed to a biasing frame coupled to the thermal plate of the cooling device. The biasing frame can extend around the outer periphery of the thermal plate. The corresponding pairs of magnets of the biasing frame are aligned with and attractable to the pairs of magnets of the cartridge, biasing the cartridge against the thermal plate with a given biasing force. As a result of utilizing natural occurring means and mechanisms, substantially all or most of the surface area of the heat transfer surface of the cartridge is biased against the cooling device with a given biasing force. The thermal plate of the chair is energized over most or all of its surface area to cool the fluid. effectively and efficiently transfers heat from the fluid to the

[0022] In some aspects of the present disclosure, the cooling system may provide a sufficient amount of cooling force to the cooling device. Acts to bias the cartridge and provides for improved heat transfer from the fluid In particular, the available TEC is limited by the amount of heat flux that can be dissipated by the TEC. Because of this, the desired heat transfer of the fluid is somewhat limited in some applications. is known to be somewhat inefficient compared to other cooling devices, so cartridges Other aspects, such as the design of the pump and the configuration of other components in the system, such as the location of the pump, It is important to reduce the efficiency of the system. Due to the nature of the surface material, the thermally conductive surface of the cartridge and the thermal plate of the cooling device The thermally conductive surface can be copper, and the thermal plate Under the microscope, the copper and ceramic surfaces are usually Even if the surface is smooth, if sufficient biasing force is not applied and maintained during heat transfer, the two It exhibits numerous ridges and valleys that can affect the thermal conductivity between materials. Increased face-to-face contact between biased surfaces for efficient cooling of fluids during patient treatment Effective means and various mechanisms for properly biasing the cartridge against the cooling device are provided. Such improved surface contact ultimately reduces heat loss in the system. The fluid temperature is reduced, thereby providing a constant and controllable fluid temperature to a treatment device within the patient. This is particularly important when operating the cooling system during a lung procedure, which requires a constant fluid temperature and a constant fluid pressure over a specific duration during the treatment session at certain intervals.

[0023] In one aspect, the cartridge can be formed and provided in a press-fit configuration to improve heat conduction and reduce heat loss. Thus, the cartridge can be manufactured to be in a first state (press-fit) when detached from the cooling device and in a second state when engaged with the cooling device. The first state is achieved by forming the cartridge to have an outer shape that is convex with respect to the thermal plate of the cooling device and by having the lateral arc of the cartridge extend from the left side to the right side of the cartridge. Thus, when the cartridge is engaged with the thermal plate (i.e., by using a pair of magnets on the left and right sides of the cartridge, for example), the convex shape and force of the magnets tend to "flatten" the outer shape of the cartridge, so that the heat transfer surface of the cartridge has a substantially flat outer shape with respect to the thermal plate. This press-fit configuration tends to prevent the slight "buckling" that the cartridge can undergo, which would otherwise result in a concave cartridge that is not fully or properly biased against the cooling machine. For this reason, the press-fit configuration of the cartridge provides a greater surface-to-surface contact between the heat transfer surface and the thermal plate, thereby improving heat conduction as a result while reducing heat loss in the system. This is when operating the cooling system during a patient's treatment, and this particular lung treatment ​ At certain intervals, it is particularly important because it requires a constant fluid temperature and a constant fluid pressure over a specific duration during the treatment session.

[0024] A method is provided for attaching a heat exchanger cartridge for treating a patient and removing the heat exchanger cartridge from a cooling system. In some embodiments, the method includes biasing the heat exchanger cartridge against the thermal plate of a cooling device. These are cartridges and cooling devices having the same or similar features as those considered in the present disclosure. The method includes removing the heat exchanger cartridge from the cooling device, which can be done after treating one or more patients or treatment sessions. The method includes biasing an alternative heat exchanger cartridge against the thermal plate of the cooling device. The step of biasing the cartridge includes engaging a magnet or other biasing mechanism such that a given biasing force is applied to the cartridge to effect efficient heat transfer from the fluid. In a preferred configuration, the given biasing force is at least 10 pounds of force, and can be from 10 pounds to 60 pounds of force, although the given biasing force can vary beyond such values and ranges. The given biasing force applied by the magnet enables biasing the heat transfer surface of the cartridge against the thermal plate of the cooling device. Due to the configuration of the magnet, biasing the cartridge against the cooling device is automatically done such that the cartridge is positioned generally in the same position as each alternative cartridge on the cooling device. This maintains consistency in the positioning of all replaceable cartridges coupled to the cooling device. Thus, one advantage of the system is provided that gives consistency in the efficiency of cooling the fluid within the cartridge in repeated use of the system and the replacement cartridge. The method may further include pumping the fluid through the heat exchanger cartridge for delivery to a patient before removing the heat exchanger cartridge from the cooling device. The method may further include supplying the cooled fluid to a treatment device (e.g., an energy delivery device) positioned adjacent to the patient's lung tissue during a lung treatment. In another aspect, a fluid cooling supply system can include a cooling device having a thermal plate for cooling the fluid, a disposable heat exchanger cartridge removably coupled to the thermal plate, and at least one biasing mechanism coupled to the cartridge and the cooling device for conducting heat from the fluid contained within the cartridge. The cartridge can include a first plate and a second plate coupled to each other, the first plate having a heat-conductive surface such as copper, aluminum, and / or stainless steel, and the second plate having a heat-insulating material such as a polymer, ABS, nylon, or polycarbonate. The second plate can include serpentine grooves defining fluid passages, similar to the cartridge considered with respect to the magnetically attractable cartridge. In one configuration, the cartridge includes an upper angled surface and a corresponding lower angled surface received within the front plate for biasing against the cooling device. The cartridge can include a handle at an end of the cartridge for easy removal and replacement of the cartridge. The back side of the second plate is for cooling

[0025] The cartridge can include a first plate and a second plate coupled to each other, the first plate having a heat-conductive surface such as copper, aluminum, and / or stainless steel, and the second plate having a heat-insulating material such as a polymer, ABS, nylon, or polycarbonate. The second plate can include serpentine grooves defining fluid passages, similar to the cartridge considered with respect to the magnetically attractable cartridge. In one configuration, the cartridge includes an upper angled surface and a corresponding lower angled surface received within the front plate for biasing against the cooling device. The cartridge can include a handle at an end of the cartridge for easy removal and replacement of the cartridge. The back side of the second plate is for cooling The cartridge can include a first plate and a second plate coupled to each other, the first plate having a heat-conductive surface such as copper, aluminum, and / or stainless steel, and the second plate having a heat-insulating material such as a polymer, ABS, nylon, or polycarbonate. The second plate can include serpentine grooves defining fluid passages, similar to the cartridge considered with respect to the magnetically attractable cartridge. In one configuration, the cartridge includes an upper angled surface and a corresponding lower angled surface received within the front plate for biasing against the cooling device. The cartridge can include a handle at an end of the cartridge for easy removal and replacement of the cartridge. The back side of the second plate is for cooling The cartridge can include a first plate and a second plate coupled to each other, the first plate having a heat-conductive surface such as copper, aluminum, and / or stainless steel, and the second plate having a heat-insulating material such as a polymer, ABS, nylon, or polycarbonate. The second plate can include serpentine grooves defining fluid passages, similar to the cartridge considered with respect to the magnetically attractable cartridge. In one configuration, the cartridge includes an upper angled surface and a corresponding lower angled surface received within the front plate for biasing against the cooling device. The cartridge can include a handle at an end of the cartridge for easy removal and replacement of the cartridge. The back side of the second plate is for cooling The cartridge can include a first plate and a second plate coupled to each other, the first plate having a heat-conductive surface such as copper, aluminum, and / or stainless steel, and the second plate having a heat-insulating material such as a polymer, ABS, nylon, or polycarbonate. The second plate can include serpentine grooves defining fluid passages, similar to the cartridge considered with respect to the magnetically attractable cartridge. In one configuration, the cartridge includes an upper angled surface and a corresponding lower angled surface received within the front plate for biasing against the cooling device. The cartridge can include a handle at an end of the cartridge for easy removal and replacement of the cartridge. The back side of the second plate is for cooling The cartridge can include a first plate and a second plate coupled to each other, the first plate having a heat-conductive surface such as copper, aluminum, and / or stainless steel, and the second plate having a heat-insulating material such as a polymer, ABS, nylon, or polycarbonate. The second plate can include serpentine grooves defining fluid passages, similar to the cartridge considered with respect to the magnetically attractable cartridge. In one configuration, the cartridge includes an upper angled surface and a corresponding lower angled surface received within the front plate for biasing against the cooling device. The cartridge can include a handle at an end of the cartridge for easy removal and replacement of the cartridge. The back side of the second plate is for cooling The cartridge can include a first plate and a second plate coupled to each other, the first plate having a heat-conductive surface such as copper, aluminum, and / or stainless steel, and the second plate having a heat-insulating material such as a polymer, ABS, nylon, or polycarbonate. The second plate can include serpentine grooves defining fluid passages, similar to the cartridge considered with respect to the magnetically attractable cartridge. In one configuration, the cartridge includes an upper angled surface and a corresponding lower angled surface received within the front plate for biasing against the cooling device. The cartridge can include a handle at an end of the cartridge for easy removal and replacement of the cartridge. The back side of the second plate is for cooling The cartridge can include a first plate and a second plate coupled to each other, the first plate having a heat-conductive surface such as copper, aluminum, and / or stainless steel, and the second plate having a heat-insulating material such as a polymer, ABS, nylon, or polycarbonate. The second plate can include serpentine grooves defining fluid passages, similar to the cartridge considered with respect to the magnetically attractable cartridge. In one configuration, the cartridge includes an upper angled surface and a corresponding lower angled surface received within the front plate for biasing against the cooling device. The cartridge can include a handle at an end of the cartridge for easy removal and replacement of the cartridge. The back side of the second plate is for cooling The cartridge can include a first plate and a second plate coupled to each other, the first plate having a heat-conductive surface such as copper, aluminum, and / or stainless steel, and the second plate having a heat-insulating material such as a polymer, ABS, nylon, or polycarbonate. The second plate can include serpentine grooves defining fluid passages, similar to the cartridge considered with respect to the magnetically attractable cartridge. In one configuration, the cartridge includes an upper angled surface and a corresponding lower angled surface received within the front plate for biasing against the cooling device. The cartridge can include a handle at an end of the cartridge for easy removal and replacement of the cartridge. The back side of the second plate is for cooling The cartridge can include a first plate and a second plate coupled to each other, the first plate having a heat-conductive surface such as copper, aluminum, and / or stainless steel, and the second plate having a heat-insulating material such as a polymer, ABS, nylon, or polycarbonate. The second plate can include serpentine grooves defining fluid passages, similar to the cartridge considered with respect to the magnetically attractable cartridge. In one configuration, the cartridge includes an upper angled surface and a corresponding lower angled surface received within the front plate for biasing against the cooling device. The cartridge can include a handle at an end of the cartridge for easy removal and replacement of the cartridge. The back side of the second plate is for cooling The cartridge can include a first plate and a second plate coupled to each other, the first plate having a heat-conductive surface such as copper, aluminum, and / or stainless steel, and the second plate having a heat-insulating material such as a polymer, ABS, nylon, or polycarbonate. The second plate can include serpentine grooves defining fluid passages, similar to the cartridge considered with respect to the magnetically attractable cartridge. In one configuration, the cartridge includes an upper angled surface and a corresponding lower angled surface received within the front plate for biasing against the cooling device. The cartridge can include a handle at an end of the cartridge for easy removal and replacement of the cartridge. The back side of the second plate is for cooling The cartridge can include a first plate and a second plate coupled to each other, the first plate having a heat-conductive surface such as copper, aluminum, and / or stainless steel, and the second plate having a heat-insulating material such as a polymer, ABS, nylon, or polycarbonate. The second plate can include serpentine grooves defining fluid passages, similar to the cartridge considered with respect to the magnetically attractable cartridge. In one configuration, the cartridge includes an upper angled surface and a corresponding lower angled surface received within the front plate for biasing against the cooling device. The cartridge can include a handle at an end of the cartridge for easy removal and replacement of the cartridge. The back side of the second plate is for cooling The cartridge can include a first plate and a second plate coupled to each other, the first plate having a heat-conductive surface such as copper, aluminum, and / or stainless steel, and the second plate having a heat-insulating material such as a polymer, ABS, nylon, or polycarbonate. The second plate can include serpentine grooves defining fluid passages, similar to the cartridge considered with respect to the magnetically attractable cartridge. In one configuration, the cartridge includes an upper angled surface and a corresponding lower angled surface received within the front plate for biasing against the cooling device. The cartridge can include a handle at an end of the cartridge for easy removal and replacement of the cartridge. The back side of the second plate is for cooling A number of recesses may be provided for improved heat transfer of the fluid through the device.

[0026] The cartridge may include a fluid reservoir for delivering fluid through the system. The fluid reservoir may be entirely contained within the cartridge, with the fluid reservoir being located on an exterior portion of the cartridge. The second plate may be coupled to the cartridge. The fluid reservoir in this embodiment includes a second fluid reservoir positioned in the upper portion of the device. The fluid may be a collapsible bag positioned within the cavity of the plate. The fluid is delivered from the fluid reservoir to the treatment device and returned to the fluid reservoir in a closed loop system. The fluid container may be disposed of as waste in an open loop system. By being located within the ridge itself, the components and components for setting up and operating the system are This provides the advantage of reducing the number of steps and procedures, thereby reducing the risk of incorrect placement of non-sterile components. The risk of human error due to use is reduced, ensuring the sterility of fluids. It also provides cooling during operation, as opposed to providing room temperature fluid from an external fluid reservoir. The device also provides the advantage of cooling the fluid within the container.

[0027] The at least one biasing mechanism includes a first biasing mechanism for engaging the cartridge with the cooling device. and a second position for disconnecting the cartridge from the cooling device. As discussed further in this disclosure, the biasing mechanism ( cam system, etc.) to prevent surface-to-surface contact between the cartridge and the cooling device. To increase the heat transfer rate, the cartridge is pressed against the thermal plate of the cooling device with sufficient force. Effective means are provided for properly biasing the heat transfer surface of the edge. In some embodiments, The front plate is coupled to the front surface of the housing that houses the cooling device. The cam system, the front plate, and the cartridge all operate together to bias the cartridge against the thermal plate. The front plate receives the thermal plate of the cooling device and has an opening that facilitates the biasing of the cartridge against the thermal plate. The front plate can have a slot sized to slidably receive the cartridge. The slot in the front plate has an upper biasing surface and a lower biasing surface. The upper biasing surface and the lower biasing surface are each not parallel to the thermal plate and can correspond to the upper angled surface and the lower angled surface of the cartridge. Thus, the slot can have a trapezoidal cross-sectional outer shape corresponding to the trapezoidal cross-sectional outer shape of the cartridge. Therefore, the cartridge can be slidably received within the slot of the front plate when the cam system is disengaged (or unlocked). When the cartridge is positioned within the slot, the cam system engages (or locks) to apply a given biasing force to the cartridge against the cooling device, causing cooling of the fluid during operation of the system. In some configurations, the cam system includes a cam lever, a camshaft having at least one cam lobe, an actuating member coupled to the cartridge, and at least one actuating device coupled to the actuating member and engageable with the cam lobe. The cam lever can be directly attached to the camshaft or dynamically coupled to the camshaft. In some configurations, four cam lobes are formed along the length of the camshaft and are spaced apart from each other spatially.

[0028] ​​​​​​​​​​​​ Although separated, the four cam lobes may be a single cam lobe or cam device. Four corresponding to the positions of the cam lobes, there may be four actuating devices coupled to the actuating member and positioned adjacent to each cam lobe. The four actuating devices are each actuated downwardly by a respective cam lobe when the camshaft is rotated as the cam lever moves from a disengaged state to an engaged state. The actuating member may have a lower actuating surface formed at an angle corresponding to the angle of the angled surface on the upper corner of the cartridge. Thus, by engaging the cam system, the lower actuating surface is biased against the upper angled surface of the cartridge, which causes the cartridge to move slightly downward and tend to move inwardly toward the cooling device due to the trapezoidal outer shape of the slot and cartridge and the angle of the lower actuating surface. The trapezoidal outer shape of the slot and cartridge, combined with the angle of the lower actuating surface, tends to bias the cartridge laterally toward the cooling device with a given biasing force when the cam system is engaged. A method is provided for providing an interchangeable heat exchanger cartridge in a cooling device using a cam system. The method can include biasing the cartridge against the cooling device by actuating the cam system to an engaged state. The method can include actuating the cam system to a disengaged state to release the biasing force on the cartridge. The method can include removing the cartridge and replacing the cartridge with a replacement cartridge. This replacement cartridge can be used during a patient's treatment while the cam system is in an engaged state. has. For this reason, by engaging the cam system, the lower actuating surface is biased against the upper angled surface of the cartridge, which causes the cartridge to move slightly downward and tend to move inwardly toward the cooling device due to the trapezoidal outer shape of the slot and cartridge and the angle of the lower actuating surface. Thus, by engaging the cam system, the lower actuating surface is biased against the upper angled surface of the cartridge, which causes the cartridge to move slightly downward and tend to move inwardly toward the cooling device due to the trapezoidal outer shape of the slot and cartridge and the angle of the lower actuating surface. surface, thereby causing the lower actuating surface to be biased against the upper angled surface of the cartridge, which causes the cartridge to move slightly downward and tend to move inwardly toward the cooling device due to the trapezoidal outer shape of the slot and cartridge and the angle of the lower actuating surface. Advance the cartridge slightly downward and tend to move inwardly toward the cooling device. The trapezoidal outer shape of the slot and cartridge and the angle of the lower actuating surface combine to bias the cartridge laterally toward the cooling device with a given biasing force when the cam system is engaged. A method is provided for providing an interchangeable heat exchanger cartridge in a cooling device using a cam system. The method can include biasing the cartridge against the cooling device by actuating the cam system to an engaged state. The method can include actuating the cam system to a disengaged state to release the biasing force on the cartridge. The method can include removing the cartridge and replacing the cartridge with a replacement cartridge. This replacement cartridge can be used during a patient's treatment while the cam system

[0029] A method is provided for providing an interchangeable heat exchanger cartridge in a cooling device using a cam system. The method can include biasing the cartridge against the cooling device by actuating the cam system to an engaged state. The method can include actuating the cam system to a disengaged state to release the biasing force on the cartridge. The method can include removing the cartridge and replacing the cartridge with a replacement cartridge. This replacement cartridge can be used during a patient's treatment while the cam system is in an engaged state. A method is provided for providing an interchangeable heat exchanger cartridge in a cooling device using a cam system. The method can include biasing the cartridge against the cooling device by actuating the cam system to an engaged state. The method can include actuating the cam system to a disengaged state to release the biasing force on the cartridge. The method can include removing the cartridge and replacing the cartridge with a replacement cartridge. This replacement cartridge can be used during a patient's treatment while the cam system is in an engaged state. The method can include actuating the cam system to a disengaged state to release the biasing force on the cartridge. The method can include removing the cartridge and replacing the cartridge with a replacement cartridge. This replacement cartridge can be used during a patient's treatment while the cam system is in an engaged state. The tem can be used to bias the cooling device.

[0030] In another aspect, at least one biasing mechanism is coupled to the cooling device by a hinge and biased toward a closed position, thereby enabling an opening door to sandwich a cartridge between the opening door and the cooling surface of the cooling device. In this embodiment, one or more magnets can be used on the opposing surfaces of the door and / or the cooling device to provide sufficient force to increase the surface-to-surface contact between the cartridge and the cooling device. In one aspect, the cartridge can be configured to have one or more notches defined on at least one side edge of the cartridge to align with one or more keys of the cooling device to ensure that the cartridge is inserted in a direction that allows normal operation. On the opposing surfaces of the door and / or the cooling device. To provide sufficient force to increase the surface-to-surface contact between the cartridge and the cooling device. To ensure that the cartridge is inserted in a direction that allows normal operation. Align with one or more keys of the cooling device. One or more notches defined on at least one side edge of the cartridge.

[0031] According to some aspects of the present disclosure, a method for cooling a fluid for patient treatment is provided. The method can include withdrawing a coolant through a heat exchanger at a negative pressure to cool the coolant. The method can further include positioning a treatment device within a patient's bronchus and supplying the treatment device with a coolant to conduct heat from the patient during treatment. To conduct heat from the patient during treatment. The method can include supplying a coolant from a container and returning the fluid to the container in a closed-loop system. Alternatively, the method can include supplying a coolant from a container and discarding the fluid after conducting heat from the patient to the fluid in an open-loop system. After conducting heat from the patient to the fluid. The method can include supplying a fluid to the treatment device at a positive pressure. The method includes adjusting the amount of heat conduction from the coolant using a control device coupled to the coolant device and a pump. Adjusting the volumetric amount of fluid supplied for the treatment of a patient using a control device coupled thereto can include.

[0032] According to some aspects of the present disclosure, a method of cooling a fluid for the treatment of a patient is provided . The method includes positioning a heat exchanger relative to a cooling device. The heat exchanger can include some or all of the features of the cartridge contemplated in the present disclosure. The method can include positioning the heat exchanger in a substantially vertical orientation such that gas rises within the heat exchanger . The method can include positioning a pump below the heat exchanger and pumping fluid through the heat exchanger in a reverse manner to substantially remove gas from the heat exchanger and the system . The method can further include some or all of the steps for providing the cooled fluid to the patient as contemplated in the present disclosure . can.

[0033] In some aspects according to the present disclosure, a system for treating a patient is provided. The system can include a fluid cooling supply device configured to draw fluid through a heat exchanger at a negative pressure in order to cool the fluid and deliver the cooled fluid to the patient at a positive pressure . The fluid cooling supply device can include some or all of the features contemplated in the present disclosure, such as a cooling device, a pump, a control device, a housing, and a front plate . Similarly, the heat exchanger can include some or all of the features of the cartridge contemplated in the present disclosure . The system can include an energy delivery device positioned within the patient and coupled to the fluid cooling supply device, with the fluid cooling supply device cooling can include all. The system can include an energy delivery device positioned within the patient and coupled to the fluid cooling supply device, with the fluid cooling supply device cooling the fluid Circulate the treated fluid through an energy delivery device to cool the energy delivery device during patient treatment. The energy delivery device can comprise an electrode adapted to deliver energy to a target tissue of a patient. The energy delivery device can comprise a cooling member disposed adjacent to the electrode. The cooling member can be configured to allow circulation of fluid from a fluid cooling supply device. The electrode and the cooling member are disposed adjacent to the wall of a patient's airway, and damage to nerve tissue is caused by delivery of energy to the electrode and circulation of the cooled fluid through the cooling member, such that nervous system signals in the patient are attenuated while the tissue is held. The system can comprise a pump located below the cooling device and configured to circulate fluid through the energy delivery device at a positive pressure. The method can further include some or all of the steps for providing a cooled fluid to a patient as contemplated in the present disclosure. In some aspects of the present disclosure, the temperature of the fluid supplied by a fluid cooling supply system (or by any other system and method described in the present disclosure) can be provided at a given temperature or range at the location of the energy delivery device or other treatment device. The temperature at the energy delivery device in the energy is preferably maintained at 20 °C or lower during patient treatment. In a preferred configuration, the temperature at the energy delivery device is maintained at 20 °C to -5 °C during patient treatment. In an even more preferred configuration, the temperature at the energy delivery device is maintained at 5 °C to -2 °C during patient treatment. On the other hand, the system and the patient

[0034] ​​​​​​​​​​​The temperature may vary beyond such a range according to the requirements of the user. In some embodiments, the fluid is supplied to the patient at a given temperature over a selected amount of time within the treatment portion of the patient's treatment, or throughout the patient's treatment process entirely. In some configurations, the amount of time selected for a particular treatment portion to provide a fluid having a given temperature is at most 120 seconds. In some configurations, the amount of time selected for a particular treatment portion is less than 60 seconds. In some configurations, the amount of time selected for a particular treatment portion to provide a fluid having a given temperature is from 60 seconds to 120 seconds. In some configurations, the amount of time selected for a particular treatment portion to provide a fluid having a given temperature is at least 120 seconds. However, the amount of time selected may vary beyond such values and ranges according to the requirements of the system and the patient. In some configurations, the fluid contained within the heat exchanger cartridge can be cooled to a temperature of at least 20 °C upon exiting the cartridge, more preferably, the fluid is cooled to a temperature from 5 °C to -5 °C upon exiting the cartridge, although the temperature of the fluid within the cartridge may vary beyond such temperatures and ranges. In some embodiments, a method of treating a patient is provided. The method can include providing a cooling device having a fluid heat exchanger for delivering a fluid to the patient, such as the cooling device and heat exchanger cartridge discussed herein. The method can include positioning the ablation assembly of the delivery device within the patient's airway such that the ablation assembly is juxtaposed against the wall of the airway.

[0035] ​​​​​​​​​The cannula can comprise an electrode adapted to deliver energy. The method can include coupling a fluid heat exchanger to the ablation assembly so as to be in fluid communication with each other . The method can include cooling the fluid within the fluid heat exchanger using a cooling device and treating tissue by circulating the fluid from the fluid heat exchanger through a delivery device . The method can include simultaneously delivering energy from the electrodes of the ablation assembly to treat tissue adjacent to the patient's airway . Thus, the method can include damaging the nerve tissue of the nerve trunk adjacent to the airway and attenuating the nervous system signals transmitted to a portion of the bronchial tree . As contemplated in the present disclosure, the fluid can be drawn through the fluid heat exchanger at a negative pressure and supplied to the delivery device at a positive pressure . As further contemplated in the present disclosure, during the treatment, the fluid within the heat exchanger is cooled by the cooling device at a given temperature, and the fluid is supplied to the delivery device (or circulated through the delivery device) at a given temperature for a selected amount of time .

[0036] One of ordinary skill in the art who has examined the present disclosure in detail will understand that the method and system regarding the fluid cooling supply system and the heat exchanger cartridge can be combined in various ways while naturally achieving the results of circulating a fluid cooled through a treatment device positioned within a patient during the treatment of the patient, as further contemplated herein .

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0037] (Brief descriptions of some of the drawings) ​​​​​​

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 5A

Figure 6A

Figure 6B

Figure 6C

Figure 6D

Figure 6E

Figure 7A

Figure 7B

Figure 8

Figure 9

Figure 10

Figure 11A

Figure 11B

Figure 12A

Figure 12B

Figure 13A

Figure 13B

Figure 13C

Figure 14

Figure 15

Figure 16

Figure 17

Figure 18

Figure 19A

Figure 19B

Figure 20

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0038] (Detailed explanation) In accordance with the present disclosure, FIGS. 1-7B illustrate a treatment system having a fluid cooling delivery system for treating a patient. 8-13C show a first embodiment of a fluid cooling delivery system for the treatment of a patient. 14-20 show a second embodiment of a treatment system having a fluid cooling system for treatment of a patient. 1 shows a third embodiment of a treatment system having a cooling supply system. It is understood that the various features described herein may be combined into further features and configurations. It will be appreciated that this may be further discussed in this disclosure with respect to specific configurations.

[0039] 1 and 2 illustrate a system including a fluid cooling supply system 12 coupled to a treatment system 17. 10. FIG. 2 shows a partial exploded view of certain components of the fluid cooling supply system 12 of FIG. vinegar.

[0040] In the example of FIG. 1, the fluid cooling supply system 12 is coupled to a treatment system 17. The system 17 may be at least partially positionable within the patient (FIG. 4). The cooling supply system 12 cools the fluid, pumps the fluid, and distributes the fluid through the treatment system 17. In a closed loop system, the fluid cooling supply system 12 is configured to supply a fluid A vessel 22, a fluid 24, a cooling system 26, a heat exchanger cartridge 28, a supply line 14, and and a return line 16, which together operate to return cooled fluid during treatment. circulates through the treatment system 17. The supply line 14 originates from a fluid container 22 and The supply line 14 extends through the ridge 28 and along the pump 30. The supply line 14 is connected to the supply line 14 when the pump 30 is in operation. It can extend through a pulse damper 37 for damping vibrations in the line 14. Ultimately, the supply line 14 extends into a treatment system 17 that is positionable within the patient. A return line 16 in fluid communication with the inlet 14 originates at the treatment system 17 and recirculates the fluid during treatment. The catheter extends from within the patient back into the container 22 for circulation.

[0041] 2 further shows an exploded view of a portion of the cooling system 26. The cooling system 26 is mounted in the housing 3. 2, a cooling device 36, a heat exchanger cartridge 28, a control device 42, and a pump 30. The housing 32 includes a first portion 31, a second portion 33, and a second portion 34 connected to the first portion 31. The first and second parts 31 and 33 of the housing 32 are detachable from each other. and configured to structurally support and house the various components of the system. The cooling device 36 is formed by a thermal plate that extends at least partially through the front plate 34. The front plate 34 is fixed to the front area of the first portion 31 of the housing 32. The front plate 34 and housing 32 cooperate to provide structural support for the cooling device 36 and to The front panel 34 positions the thermal plate 38 of the cooling device 36 substantially vertically. and an opening for facilitating biasing of the cartridge 28 against the thermal plate 38. The housing 32 includes a cooling device 36 and a cooling device cover 34a for further support of the cooling device 36 (FIG. 7B). The thermal plate 38 is positioned between the nozzle 36 and the front plate 34, and passes through the front plate 34. The spacer 40 allows the spacer 40 to be mounted on the substrate 10.

[0042] The cooling device 36 can be, for example, a conventional TEC including a thermal plate 38, a hot plate 39, fins 46 , and a fan 48. The front portion 31 of the housing includes an opening 35 for receiving the cooling device 36 such that the thermal plate 38 extends outside the housing 32. The support plate 47 of the cooling device 36 can be fixed to the first portion 31 of the housing 32 so as to properly position the cooling device 36. The support plate 47 can be further fixed to the spacer 40 and the front plate 34 for additional structural support. The support plate 47 of the cooling device 36 can be fixed to the first portion 31 of the housing 32 so as to properly position the cooling device 36. The support plate 47 can be further fixed to the spacer 40 and the front plate 34 for additional structural support. The support plate 47 of the cooling device 36 can be fixed to the first portion 31 of the housing 32 so as to properly position the cooling device 36. The support plate 47 can be further fixed to the spacer 40 and the front plate 34 for additional structural support. The support plate 47 of the cooling device 36 can be fixed to the first portion 31 of the housing 32 so as to properly position the cooling device 36. The support plate 47 can be further fixed to the spacer 40 and the front plate 34 for additional structural support.

[0043] The spacer 40 is coupled between the front plate 34 and the cooling device 36. The spacer 40 has an opening 40a that allows the thermal plate 38 to exit and positions the thermal plate 38 adjacent to the opening 34a of the front plate 34. The spacer 40 extends around the outer periphery of the thermal plate 38 and the hot plate 39. Thus, the outer surface 49 of the spacer 40 and the plane 51 of the thermal plate 38 are substantially planar with respect to each other (FIG. 7B), and for this reason, the cartridge 28 can be biased against the thermal plate 38. The spacer 40 is coupled between the front plate 34 and the cooling device 36. The spacer 40 has an opening 40a that allows the thermal plate 38 to exit and positions the thermal plate 38 adjacent to the opening 34a of the front plate 34. The spacer 40 extends around the outer periphery of the thermal plate 38 and the hot plate 39. Thus, the outer surface 49 of the spacer 40 and the plane 51 of the thermal plate 38 are substantially planar with respect to each other (FIG. 7B), and for this reason, the cartridge 28 can be biased against the thermal plate 38. The spacer 40 is coupled between the front plate 34 and the cooling device 36. The spacer 40 has an opening 40a that allows the thermal plate 38 to exit and positions the thermal plate 38 adjacent to the opening 34a of the front plate 34. The spacer 40 extends around the outer periphery of the thermal plate 38 and the hot plate 39. Thus, the outer surface 49 of the spacer 40 and the plane 51 of the thermal plate 38 are substantially planar with respect to each other (FIG. 7B), and for this reason, the cartridge 28 can be biased against the thermal plate 38. The spacer 40 is coupled between the front plate 34 and the cooling device 36. The spacer 40 has an opening 40a that allows the thermal plate 38 to exit and positions the thermal plate 38 adjacent to the opening 34a of the front plate 34. The spacer 40 extends around the outer periphery of the thermal plate 38 and the hot plate 39. Thus, the outer surface 49 of the spacer 40 and the plane 51 of the thermal plate 38 are substantially planar with respect to each other (FIG. 7B), and for this reason, the cartridge 28 can be biased against the thermal plate 38. The spacer 40 is coupled between the front plate 34 and the cooling device 36. The spacer 40 has an opening 40a that allows the thermal plate 38 to exit and positions the thermal plate 38 adjacent to the opening 34a of the front plate 34. The spacer 40 extends around the outer periphery of the thermal plate 38 and the hot plate 39. Thus, the outer surface 49 of the spacer 40 and the plane 51 of the thermal plate 38 are substantially planar with respect to each other (FIG. 7B), and for this reason, the cartridge 28 can be biased against the thermal plate 38. The spacer 40 is coupled between the front plate 34 and the cooling device 36. The spacer 40 has an opening 40a that allows the thermal plate 38 to exit and positions the thermal plate 38 adjacent to the opening 34a of the front plate 34. The spacer 40 extends around the outer periphery of the thermal plate 38 and the hot plate 39. Thus, the outer surface 49 of the spacer 40 and the plane 51 of the thermal plate 38 are substantially planar with respect to each other (FIG. 7B), and for this reason, the cartridge 28 can be biased against the thermal plate 38.

[0044] The heat exchanger cartridge 28 includes a first plate 41 and a second plate 43. A magnet 99 is positioned on the second plate 43 (FIG. 6A). The spacer 40 includes four magnets 53 positioned at corresponding locations for engaging the magnet 99 of the heat exchanger cartridge 28. For this reason, the magnet 99 on the second plate 43 is magnetically coupled to the magnet 53 within the spacer 40 to removably couple the cartridge 28 to the thermal plate 38. For this reason, the first plate 41 biases the thermal plate The heat exchanger cartridge 28 includes a first plate 41 and a second plate 43. A magnet 99 is positioned on the second plate 43 (FIG. 6A). The spacer 40 includes four magnets 53 positioned at corresponding locations for engaging the magnet 99 of the heat exchanger cartridge 28. For this reason, the magnet 99 on the second plate 43 is magnetically coupled to the magnet 53 within the spacer 40 to removably couple the cartridge 28 to the thermal plate 38. For this reason, the first plate 41 biases the thermal plate The heat exchanger cartridge 28 includes a first plate 41 and a second plate 43. A magnet 99 is positioned on the second plate 43 (FIG. 6A). The spacer 40 includes four magnets 53 positioned at corresponding locations for engaging the magnet 99 of the heat exchanger cartridge 28. For this reason, the magnet 99 on the second plate 43 is magnetically coupled to the magnet 53 within the spacer 40 to removably couple the cartridge 28 to the thermal plate 38. For this reason, the first plate 41 biases the thermal plate The heat exchanger cartridge 28 includes a first plate 41 and a second plate 43. A magnet 99 is positioned on the second plate 43 (FIG. 6A). The spacer 40 includes four magnets 53 positioned at corresponding locations for engaging the magnet 99 of the heat exchanger cartridge 28. For this reason, the magnet 99 on the second plate 43 is magnetically coupled to the magnet 53 within the spacer 40 to removably couple the cartridge 28 to the thermal plate 38. For this reason, the first plate 41 biases the thermal plate The heat exchanger cartridge 28 includes a first plate 41 and a second plate 43. A magnet 99 is positioned on the second plate 43 (FIG. 6A). The spacer 40 includes four magnets 53 positioned at corresponding locations for engaging the magnet 99 of the heat exchanger cartridge 28. For this reason, the magnet 99 on the second plate 43 is magnetically coupled to the magnet 53 within the spacer 40 to removably couple the cartridge 28 to the thermal plate 38. For this reason, the first plate 41 biases the thermal plate Biased towards the plane 51 of the cart 38 to cause heat conduction of the fluid contained in the cartridge 28 (FIG. 6 A to FIG. 6C and FIG. 7B).

[0045] The control device plate 55 can be fixed to the front area of the first part 31 of the housing 32 The control device plate 55 can be provided with an opening 57 for receiving the pump 30 . The pump 30 can be a peristaltic pump having a cover 50 for coupling to the supply line 14 using a usable peristaltic pump or the like and a rotating device 59. The fluid supply tube is disposed within the pump in contact with the rotating device. Periodic pressurization of the fluid occurs in the fluid supply line by the cam surface on the rotating device. The pump 30 includes a clamping mechanism on the upstream side and the downstream side of the pump 30 to ensure that the fluid supply line is not drawn into the rotating device when the pump direction is reversed. In this example, the pump 30 is positioned downstream of the cartridge 28 so that during normal operation of the treatment system, the cartridge 28 receives a negative fluid pressure and the treatment system 17 receives a positive fluid pressure.

[0046] The pulsation damper 37 can be removably attached to the control device plate 55 The damper 37 can be, for example, a chamber having an inlet and an outlet. The chamber accumulates a certain fluid volume directly downstream of the pump. The damper functions in a manner similar to a capacitor in a signal filtering device in that it smooths the pressure oscillations generated by the rotating device of the pump .

[0047] The control device system 60 includes a control device 62 and for controlling the fluid temperature, pressure and velocity It includes a control device 42. The control device 62 is provided on the control device plate 55 and is coupled to the control device 42. The operator can control the system by operating the control device 62 . The control device 42 is functionally coupled to the pump 30 to adjust the speed and direction of the pump 30, and thereby adjust the flow direction and volume of the fluid circulating through the system ( Figure 3). The control device 42 is also functionally coupled to the cooling device 36 to adjust the temperature of the fluid in the cartridge 28, and thereby adjust the temperature of the fluid circulating through the treatment system 17, and thereby further adjust the temperature of the treatment device and / or the patient's tissue (Figure 4). Based on the feedback from sensors -(such as pressure sensors, temperature sensors, thermocouples, contact sensors, etc.) that detect the temperature of the fluid and tissue, tissue impedance, and fluid supply to the treatment device, the performance can be optimized. Therefore, when the surface temperature of the patient's tissue becomes excessively hot, in order to create deep damage while protecting the surface tissue, fluid cooling can be increased by the cooling device 36, and / or the electrode current can be decreased .

[0048] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a treatment system 101 according to one aspect of the present disclosure. The treatment system 101 comprises a fluid cooling supply system 12 having a cooling system 26, a heat exchanger 28, and a fluid container 22. The fluid cooling supply system 12 comprises a cooling device 36, a control device 42, and a pump 30. The heat exchanger 28 is coupled to the fluid container 22, the cooling device 36, and the pump 30. The supply path 66 and the return path 68 extend from the fluid cooling supply system 12 and are positioned within the patient 64 ​is coupled to a treatment device 20 that can be formed. The supply path 66 originates from the fluid container 22, extends through the heat exchanger 28 and then passes through the pump 30, and then extends through the patient 64 and is coupled to the treatment device 20 . The return path 68 originates from the treatment device 20 for recirculation of the fluid through the system 101 and terminates at the fluid container 22. Alternatively, the return path 68 can be coupled to a waste container 67 in an open loop system .

[0049] In the example shown, the pump 30 draws the fluid from the fluid container 22 through the heat exchanger 28 at a negative pressure . The fluid is cooled by the cooling device 36 as it moves through the heat exchanger 28 . Next, the fluid is supplied to the treatment device 20 by the pump 30 at a positive pressure through the supply path 66 . The fluid is circulated through the treatment device 20 and returned from the treatment device 20. In some embodiments, the heat exchanger 28 can include the fluid container 22 within the fluid exchanger 28 (FIG. 6 C).

[0050] In this example, the pump 30 includes a forward gear and a reverse gear, as indicated by the arrow P . The forward gear draws the fluid from the fluid container 22 through the heat exchanger 28 and circulates the cooled fluid through the treatment device 20 . Conversely, the reverse gear pushes the fluid in the reverse direction through the heat exchanger 28 and discharges the gas that may be present in a part of the system 101. In some embodiments, the pump 30 is coupled to a control device for variably controlling the speed of the pump to control the amount of fluid delivered to the treatment device . Thus, the size and additional pressure of the treatment device can be controlled by the variable speed control device. Further, a non-contact pressure measurement device ​​​​​electrically coupled to a pump and adjusts the system pressure, for example, by varying the speed of the pump in response to the pressure measured by a non-contact pressure measurement device It can be positioned proximate to the high pressure side of the fluid path to adjust the system pressure, for example, by varying the speed of the pump in response to the pressure measured by a non-contact pressure measurement device It can be positioned proximate to the high pressure side of the fluid path to adjust the system pressure, for example, by varying the speed of the pump in response to the pressure measured by a non-contact pressure measurement device

[0051] In some aspects, the pump 30a is provided downstream of the treatment device 20 and draws fluid from the treatment device 20. Thus, the pumps 30 and 30a cooperate to function to circulate the cooled fluid through the system. The pump 30a can draw a fluid pressure of up to 14 psi from the treatment device 20. Thus, the pressure downstream of the treatment device 20 can be made lower, such as about 10 psi to 20 psi, while the pressure upstream of the treatment device 20 can be made higher, such as about 80 psi to 100 psi. Such a configuration that provides an additional pump downstream of the treatment device improves cooling in the patient's treatment area. This is because the flow rate through the treatment device increases by simultaneously pushing the fluid with one pump and pulling the fluid with another pump. Further, by drawing the fluid from the treatment device 20 through the pump 30a, the fluid pressure in the treatment device 20 can be made lower than in the case without using such an additional pump. In some aspects, the pump 30a is the only pump or device that circulates the fluid through the system. Such a configuration can further lower the fluid pressure downstream of the treatment device from the treatment device 20. Thus, the pumps 30 and 30a cooperate to function to circulate the cooled fluid through the system. The pump 30a can draw a fluid pressure of up to 14 psi from the treatment device 20. Thus, the pressure downstream of the treatment device 20 can be made lower, such as about 10 psi to 20 psi, while the pressure upstream of the treatment device 20 can be made higher, such as about 80 psi to 100 psi. Such a configuration that provides an additional pump downstream of the treatment device improves cooling in the patient's treatment area. This is because the flow rate through the treatment device increases by simultaneously pushing the fluid with one pump and pulling the fluid with another pump. Further, by drawing the fluid from the treatment device 20 through the pump 30a, the fluid pressure in the treatment device 20 can be made lower than in the case without using such an additional pump. In some aspects, the pump 30a is the only pump or device that circulates the fluid through the system. Such a configuration can further lower the fluid pressure downstream of the treatment device from the treatment device 20. Thus, the pumps 30 and 30a cooperate to function to circulate the cooled fluid through the system. The pump 30a can draw a fluid pressure of up to 14 psi from the treatment device 20. Thus, the pressure downstream of the treatment device 20 can be made lower, such as about 10 psi to 20 psi, while the pressure upstream of the treatment device 20 can be made higher, such as about 80 psi to 100 psi. Such a configuration that provides an additional pump downstream of the treatment device improves cooling in the patient's treatment area. This is because the flow rate through the treatment device increases by simultaneously pushing the fluid with one pump and pulling the fluid with another pump. Further, by drawing the fluid from the treatment device 20 through the pump 30a, the fluid pressure in the treatment device 20 can be made lower than in the case without using such an additional pump. In some aspects, the pump 30a is the only pump or device that circulates the fluid through the system. Such a configuration can further lower the fluid pressure downstream of the treatment device from the treatment device 20. Thus, the pumps 30 and 30a cooperate to function to circulate the cooled fluid through the system. The pump 30a can draw a fluid pressure of up to 14 psi from the treatment device 20. Thus, the pressure downstream of the treatment device 20 can be made lower, such as about 10 psi to 20 psi, while the pressure upstream of the treatment device 20 can be made higher, such as about 80 psi to 100 psi. Such a configuration that provides an additional pump downstream of the treatment device improves cooling in the patient's treatment area. This is because the flow rate through the treatment device increases by simultaneously pushing the fluid with one pump and pulling the fluid with another pump. Further, by drawing the fluid from the treatment device 20 through the pump 30a, the fluid pressure in the treatment device 20 can be made lower than in the case without using such an additional pump. In some aspects, the pump 30a is the only pump or device that circulates the fluid through the system. Such a configuration can further lower the fluid pressure downstream of the treatment device from the treatment device 20. Thus, the pumps 30 and 30a cooperate to function to circulate the cooled fluid through the system. The pump 30a can draw a fluid pressure of up to 14 psi from the treatment device 20. Thus, the pressure downstream of the treatment device 20 can be made lower, such as about 10 psi to 20 psi, while the pressure upstream of the treatment device 20 can be made higher, such as about 80 psi to 100 psi. Such a configuration that provides an additional pump downstream of the treatment device improves cooling in the patient's treatment area. This is because the flow rate through the treatment device increases by simultaneously pushing the fluid with one pump and pulling the fluid with another pump. Further, by drawing the fluid from the treatment device 20 through the pump 30a, the fluid pressure in the treatment device 20 can be made lower than in the case without using such an additional pump. In some aspects, the pump 30a is the only pump or device that circulates the fluid through the system. Such a configuration can further lower the fluid pressure downstream of the treatment device from the treatment device 20. Thus, the pumps 30 and 30a cooperate to function to circulate the cooled fluid through the system. The pump 30a can draw a fluid pressure of up to 14 psi from the treatment device 20. Thus, the pressure downstream of the treatment device 20 can be made lower, such as about 10 psi to 20 psi, while the pressure upstream of the treatment device 20 can be made higher, such as about 80 psi to 100 psi. Such a configuration that provides an additional pump downstream of the treatment device improves cooling in the patient's treatment area. This is because the flow rate through the treatment device increases by simultaneously pushing the fluid with one pump and pulling the fluid with another pump. Further, by drawing the fluid from the treatment device 20 through the pump 30a, the fluid pressure in the treatment device 20 can be made lower than in the case without using such an additional pump. In some aspects, the pump 30a is the only pump or device that circulates the fluid through the system. Such a configuration can further lower the fluid pressure downstream of the treatment device from the treatment device 20. Thus, the pumps 30 and 30a cooperate to function to circulate the cooled fluid through the system. The pump 30a can draw a fluid pressure of up to 14 psi from the treatment device 20. Thus, the pressure downstream of the treatment device 20 can be made lower, such as about 10 psi to 20 psi, while the pressure upstream of the treatment device 20 can be made higher, such as about 80 psi to 100 psi. Such a configuration that provides an additional pump downstream of the treatment device improves cooling in the patient's treatment area. This is because the flow rate through the treatment device increases by simultaneously pushing the fluid with one pump and pulling the fluid with another pump. Further, by drawing the fluid from the treatment device 20 through the pump 30a, the fluid pressure in the treatment device 20 can be made lower than in the case without using such an additional pump. In some aspects, the pump 30a is the only pump or device that circulates the fluid through the system. Such a configuration can further lower the fluid pressure downstream of the treatment device from the treatment device 20. Thus, the pumps 30 and 30a cooperate to function to circulate the cooled fluid through the system. The pump 30a can draw a fluid pressure of up to 14 psi from the treatment device 20. Thus, the pressure downstream of the treatment device 20 can be made lower, such as about 10 psi to 20 psi, while the pressure upstream of the treatment device 20 can be made higher, such as about 80 psi to 100 psi. Such a configuration that provides an additional pump downstream of the treatment device improves cooling in the patient's treatment area. This is because the flow rate through the treatment device increases by simultaneously pushing the fluid with one pump and pulling the fluid with another pump. Further, by drawing the fluid from the treatment device 20 through the pump 30a, the fluid pressure in the treatment device 20 can be made lower than in the case without using such an additional pump. In some aspects, the pump 30a is the only pump or device that circulates the fluid through the system. Such a configuration can further lower the fluid pressure downstream of the treatment device from the treatment device 20. Thus, the pumps 30 and 30a cooperate to function to circulate the cooled fluid through the system. The pump 30a can draw a fluid pressure of up to 14 psi from the treatment device 20. Thus, the pressure downstream of the treatment device 20 can be made lower, such as about 10 psi to 20 psi, while the pressure upstream of the treatment device 20 can be made higher, such as about 80 psi to 100 psi. Such a configuration that provides an additional pump downstream of the treatment device improves cooling in the patient's treatment area. This is because the flow rate through the treatment device increases by simultaneously pushing the fluid with one pump and pulling the fluid with another pump. Further, by drawing the fluid from the treatment device 20 through the pump 30a, the fluid pressure in the treatment device 20 can be made lower than in the case without using such an additional pump. In some aspects, the pump 30a is the only pump or device that circulates the fluid through the system. Such a configuration can further lower the fluid pressure downstream of the treatment device from the treatment device 20. Thus, the pumps 30 and 30a cooperate to function to circulate the cooled fluid through the system. The pump 30a can draw a fluid pressure of up to 14 psi from the treatment device 20. Thus, the pressure downstream of the treatment device 20 can be made lower, such as about 10 psi to 20 psi, while the pressure upstream of the treatment device 20 can be made higher, such as about 80 psi to 100 psi. Such a configuration that provides an additional pump downstream of the treatment device improves cooling in the patient's treatment area. This is because the flow rate through the treatment device increases by simultaneously pushing the fluid with one pump and pulling the fluid with another pump. Further, by drawing the fluid from the treatment device 20 through the pump 30a, the fluid pressure in the treatment device 20 can be made lower than in the case without using such an additional pump. In some aspects, the pump 30a is the only pump or device that circulates the fluid through the system. Such a configuration can further lower the fluid pressure downstream of the treatment device from the treatment device 20. Thus, the pumps 30 and 30a cooperate to function to circulate the cooled fluid through the system. The pump 30a can draw a fluid pressure of up to 14 psi from the treatment device 20. Thus, the pressure downstream of the treatment device 20 can be made lower, such as about 10 psi to 20 psi, while the pressure upstream of the treatment device 20 can be made higher, such as about 80 psi to 100 psi. Such a configuration that provides an additional pump downstream of the treatment device improves cooling in the patient's treatment area. This is because the flow rate through the treatment device increases by simultaneously pushing the fluid with one pump and pulling the fluid with another pump. Further, by drawing the fluid from the treatment device 20 through the pump 30a, the fluid pressure in the treatment device 20 can be made lower than in the case without using such an additional pump. In some aspects, the pump 30a is the only pump or device that circulates the fluid through the system. Such a configuration can further lower the fluid pressure downstream of the treatment device from the treatment device 20. Thus, the pumps 30 and 30a cooperate to function to circulate the cooled fluid through the system. The pump 30a can draw a fluid pressure of up to 14 psi from the treatment device 20. Thus, the pressure downstream of the treatment device 20 can be made lower, such as about 10 psi to 20 psi, while the pressure upstream of the treatment device 20 can be made higher, such as about 80 psi to 100 psi. Such a configuration that provides an additional pump downstream of the treatment device improves cooling in the patient's treatment area. This is because the flow rate through the treatment device increases by simultaneously pushing the fluid with one pump and pulling the fluid with another pump. Further, by drawing the fluid from the treatment device 20 through the pump 30a, the fluid pressure in the treatment device 20 can be made lower than in the case without using such an additional pump. In some aspects, the pump 30a is the only pump or device that circulates the fluid through the system. Such a configuration can further lower the fluid pressure downstream of the treatment device from the treatment device 20. Thus, the pumps 30 and 30a cooperate to function to circulate the cooled fluid through the system. The pump 30a can draw a fluid pressure of up to 14 psi from the treatment device 20. Thus, the pressure downstream of the treatment device 20 can be made lower, such as about 10 psi to 20 psi, while the pressure upstream of the treatment device 20 can be made higher, such as about 80 psi to 100 psi. Such a configuration that provides an additional pump downstream of the treatment device improves cooling in the patient's treatment area. This is because the flow rate through the treatment device increases by simultaneously pushing the fluid with one pump and pulling the fluid with another pump. Further, by drawing the fluid from the treatment device 20 through the pump 30a, the fluid pressure in the treatment device 20 can be made lower than in the case without using such an additional pump. In some aspects, the pump 30a is the only pump or device that circulates the fluid through the system. Such a configuration can further lower the fluid pressure downstream of the treatment device

[0052] FIG. 4 shows a treatment system 201 according to one aspect of the present disclosure. The treatment system 201 can include a fluid cooling supply system 12 and a lung treatment system 19 FIG. 4 shows a treatment system 201 according to one aspect of the present disclosure. The treatment system 201 can include a fluid cooling supply system 12 and a lung treatment system 19[[END 12 can be coupled to the lung treatment system 19 by a supply line 14 and a return line 16 . The lung treatment system 19 can include a flexible bronchoscope 18 having a control section 68, a steering mechanism 70, and a video system 72. The flexible bronchoscope 18 extends from an external control section 76 of the patient's body, through the trachea 78, to a treatment device 20 at a treatment site within the left main bronchus 80 of the patient's lung 81. The treatment device 20 can be positioned within the left main bronchus 80 or at other locations such as within the right main bronchus, lobar bronchi, and intermediate bronchi. The treatment device 20 can be navigated through the tortuous airway to perform a variety of procedures, such as treating a portion of a lobe, an entire lobe, multiple lobes, or denervation of one or both lungs. In some embodiments, the lobar bronchi are treated to denervate the lung lobes. Based on the effectiveness of the treatment, the surgeon can treat additional lobes simultaneously or sequentially . The steering mechanism 70 can be coupled to the bronchoscope 18 and receive the supply line 14 and the return line 16 to enable the lines to exit into the bronchoscope 18 and ultimately to the treatment device 20 (FIG. 5). The bronchoscope 18 can be coupled to the video system 72, and the video system 72 enables the operator to observe the movement of the insertion tube 74 through the patient on a monitor 82 when the insertion tube 74 is steered with the assistance of the control section 68. The video system 72 can enable the operator to determine whether fluid is being supplied to the treatment device 20. The bronchoscope 18 is coupled to the control section 68 to control some aspects of the treatment, such as the amount of energy delivered to the treatment device 20 .

[0053] The steering mechanism 70 can be coupled to the bronchoscope 18 and receive the supply line 14 and the return line 16 to enable the lines to exit into the bronchoscope 18 and ultimately to the treatment device 20 (FIG. 5). The bronchoscope 18 can be coupled to the video system 72, and the video system 72 enables the operator to observe the movement of the insertion tube 74 through the patient on a monitor 82 when the insertion tube 74 is steered with the assistance of the control section 68. The video system 72 can enable the operator to determine whether fluid is being supplied to the treatment device 20. The bronchoscope 18 is coupled to the control section 68 to control some aspects of the treatment, such as the amount of energy delivered to the treatment device 20 . The bronchoscope 18 can be coupled to the video system 72, and the video system 72 enables the operator to observe the movement of the insertion tube 74 through the patient on a monitor 82 when the insertion tube 74 is steered with the assistance of the control section 68. The video system 72 can enable the operator to determine whether fluid is being supplied to the treatment device 20. The bronchoscope 18 is coupled to the control section 68 to control some aspects of the treatment, such as the amount of energy delivered to the treatment device 20 . The bronchoscope 18 can be coupled to the video system 72, and the video system 72 enables the operator to observe the movement of the insertion tube 74 through the patient on a monitor 82 when the insertion tube 74 is steered with the assistance of the control section 68. The video system 72 can enable the operator to determine whether fluid is being supplied to the treatment device 20. The bronchoscope 18 is coupled to the control section 68 to control some aspects of the treatment, such as the amount of energy delivered to the treatment device 20 . coupled to the control section 68 to control some aspects of the treatment, such as the amount of energy delivered to the treatment device 20 ​Or all aspects can be controlled.

[0054] The fluid cooling supply system 12 can have the same features or similar features in relation to the system described with reference to FIGS. 1 - 3. The supply line 14 of the fluid cooling supply system 12 starts from the fluid container 22, passes through the heat exchanger 28 and the pump 30. The supply line 14 passes through the damper 37 and then extends through the steering mechanism 70 for the fluid supply to the treatment device 20. The return line 16 starts from the treatment device 20 and extends back to the fluid container 22 from the steering mechanism 70. Thus the pump 30 can draw fluid from the fluid container 22 through the heat exchanger 28 while the fluid is being cooled by the cooling device 36 (FIG. 3). The fluid can proceed through the fluid passage 114 of the heat exchanger 28. Next, the fluid can be supplied to the treatment device 20 at a positive pressure via the supply line 14 . The fluid is circulated through the treatment device 20 and can be returned from the treatment device 20 to the fluid container 22 in a closed - loop system . The cooling device 36 and the pump 30 can be manually controlled by the control device 62.

[0055] FIG. 5 shows a treatment system 301 according to one aspect of the present disclosure. The system 301 includes a fluid cooling supply system 12 coupled to a treatment device 20' for circulating fluid through a determined treatment device 20' located within a patient. For the sake of explanation, the treatment device 20' is shown in a side view positioned within the bronchus 80 . By way of example, a schematic view of the fluid cooling supply system 12 of FIG. 3 having a supply path 66 and a return path 68 in fluid communication with the treatment device 20' is shown. The fluid cooling supply system 12 can have features described, for example, with reference to FIG. 3 and features described with reference to FIG. 8 . ​ Since it includes some or all of the same features as the features described in detail with reference to FIG. 5, it will not be described further. No.

[0056] In some embodiments, the treatment device 20' includes an expandable member 82 extending from the distal end of the elongate member 91. FIG. 5A shows a cross-sectional view of the elongate member 91 taken along line 5A-5A. The elongate member 91 can include a supply lumen 93 and a return lumen 95. The supply lumen 93 is in fluid communication with the supply path 66 of the fluid cooling supply system 12, and the return lumen 95 is in fluid communication with the return path 68. The fluid supply passage 97 also extends from the distal end of the elongate member 91 to the distal end of the expandable member 82 around a portion of the outer periphery of the expandable member 82. The proximal end of the fluid supply passage 97 is in fluid communication with the supply lumen 93 and the distal end of the fluid supply passage 97 is in fluid communication with the interior of the expandable member 82. The return lumen 95 is in fluid communication with the interior of the expandable member 82 at the proximal end of the expandable member 82. The return lumen 95 can surround the supply lumen 93 in the elongate member 91. The fluid in the supply lumen 93 is at a higher pressure and a lower temperature than the cooling fluid in the return lumen 95. Advantageously, by disposing the supply lumen 93 within the return lumen 95, the delivery size of the treatment device 20' is reduced and heat loss in the supply lumen 93 is reduced. Electrodes 90 are attached to the outer surface of the fluid supply passage 97 to form lesions 92 adjacent to the patient's bronchus 80. The fluid is circulated through the treatment device 20' by the fluid cooling supply system 12 during energy delivery to the electrodes 90. The fluid continuously circulates from the supply lumen 93 through the fluid supply passage 97 to the expandable member 82 and then exits from the return lumen 95. The fluid supply passage 97 and the expandable member 82 are configured to allow the fluid to flow through the expandable member 82 and back to the return lumen 95. 80.

[0057] The fluid is circulated through the treatment device 20' by the fluid cooling supply system 12 during energy delivery to the electrodes 90. The fluid circulates continuously from the supply lumen 93 through the fluid supply passage 97 to the expandable member 82 and then exits from the return lumen 95. The fluid supply passage 97 and the expandable member 82 are configured to allow the fluid to flow through the expandable member 82 and back to the return lumen 95. The fluid that circulates through the material 82 protects the tissue region between the inner wall of the airway and the target treatment region located radially spaced from the inner wall of the airway within the airway wall. In this example, the treatment device 20 imparts damage to the target region using energy. As used herein, the term " energy" is construed broadly to include, but is not limited to, thermal energy, cryogenic energy (e.g., , cooling energy), electrical energy, acoustic energy (e.g., ultrasonic energy), non- ionizing frequency energy, pulsed high voltage energy, mechanical energy, ionizing radiation, optical energy (e.g., light energy), microwaves, and combinations thereof, as well as other types of energy suitable for treating tissue. In some embodiments, the treatment device delivers energy and one or more substances (e.g., radioactive seeds, radioactive materials, etc.), treatment agents, etc. In the examples shown in FIGS. 5 and 5A, the treatment device is configured to output ultrasonic, microwave, electrical energy, and / or radio frequency (RF) energy, respectively. In some embodiments, the treatment device can include one or more electrodes 90 operable to output ultrasonic, microwave, electrical energy, and / or radio frequency (RF) energy. In some embodiments, the fluid is circulated by a fluid cooling supply system 12 that is directly adjacent to the electrode 90. Accordingly, supply lumens and return lumens can be positioned adjacent to the electrode 90, which can provide a high mass flow rate of cooled fluid across the surface of the electrode 90. In some embodiments, the fluid is circulated by a fluid cooling supply system 12 that is directly adjacent to the electrode 90. Thus, supply and return lumens can be positioned adjacent to the electrode 90, which can provide a high mass flow rate of cooled fluid across the surface of the electrode 90. In some embodiments, the fluid is circulated by a fluid cooling supply system 12 that is directly adjacent to the electrode 90. Thus, supply and return lumens can be positioned adjacent to the electrode 90, which can provide a high mass flow rate of cooled fluid across the surface of the electrode 90.

[0058] In some embodiments, the fluid is circulated by a fluid cooling supply system 12 that is directly adjacent to the electrode 90. Thus, supply and return lumens can be positioned adjacent to the electrode 90, which can provide a high mass flow rate of cooled fluid across the surface of the electrode 90. In some embodiments, the fluid is circulated by a fluid cooling supply system 12 that is directly adjacent to the electrode 90. Thus, supply and return lumens can be positioned adjacent to the electrode 90, which can provide a high mass flow rate of cooled fluid across the surface of the electrode 90. In some embodiments, the fluid is circulated by a fluid cooling supply system 12 that is directly adjacent to the electrode 90. Thus, supply and return lumens can be positioned adjacent to the electrode 90, which can provide a high mass flow rate of cooled fluid across the surface of the electrode 90. In some embodiments, the fluid is circulated by a fluid cooling supply system 12 that is directly adjacent to the electrode 90. Thus, supply and return lumens can be positioned adjacent to the electrode 90, which can provide a high mass flow rate of cooled fluid across the surface of the electrode 90.

[0059] In another example, an energy delivery portion configured to circulate a cooled fluid is disposed within the expandable member. For example, an ultrasonic energy delivery device or a microwave antenna In another example, an energy delivery portion configured to circulate a cooled fluid is disposed within the expandable member. For example, an ultrasonic energy delivery device or a microwave antenna The Na can be placed within an inflatable balloon, through which cooled fluid circulates is cooled.

[0060] A continuous flow of cooled fluid through the energy delivery device allows the energy delivery portion to deliver the same amount of energy through the patient's tissue while creating much deeper damage This enables more effective and efficient damage to the nerve tissue in the target area, so that, as described in this disclosure, when continuously cooled fluid is not provided throughout the treatment device, the treatment in the target area is faster and more effective than when not. As mentioned above, the heat exchanger considered with reference to FIGS. 1-5B could instead be an elastomer such as a bag

[0061] This bag can be removably coupled to a cooling device using a given biasing force to effect heat conduction from a liquid contained within or moving through the bag The bag can have the same or similar characteristics as the cartridge considered herein. For example, the bag can have a fluid passage having a serpentine pattern The bag can have an outlet port in fluid communication with a treatment device positioned within the patient At least one biasing mechanism can be coupled to the bag configured to bias the bag using a given force to cool the fluid to a selected delivery temperature of the patient The at least one biasing mechanism can be a plate removably attached to the cooling device such that the bag is positioned between the cooler and the plate, or the bag is biased against an object The bag can have an outlet port in fluid communication with a treatment device positioned within the patient As further described elsewhere in this disclosure, at least one biasing mechanism can be coupled to the bag configured to bias the bag using a given force to cool the fluid to a selected delivery temperature of the patient At least one biasing mechanism can be coupled to the bag configured to bias the bag using a given force to cool the fluid to a selected delivery temperature of the patient At least one biasing mechanism can be a plate removably attached to the cooling device such that the bag is positioned between the cooler and the plate, or the bag is biased against an object The at least one biasing mechanism can be a plate removably attached to the cooling device such that the bag is positioned between the cooler and the plate, or the bag is biased against an object The at least one biasing mechanism can be a plate removably attached to the cooling device such that the bag is positioned between the cooler and the plate, or the bag is biased against an object Another accessory device, such as a clamp or other device that exhibits force, biases the cooling device so that it can be biased. The bag is positioned adjacent to the cooling device and can include a film having a thickness of 2 millimeters to 4 millimeters, although this thickness can be less than 2 millimeters depending on the material of the bag. Further, the bag can be horizontally positioned on the cooling device, and a weight such as a metal plate can be positioned on the bag to provide a biasing force sufficient to cool the fluid to a desired fluid temperature. A given biasing force between the bag and the cooling device can be, for example, a force of 5 pounds to 10 pounds, and can vary beyond such a range. In other embodiments, the cartridge and the bag can be used together. For example, the cartridge can have a slot for receiving a bag configured to contain a fluid. The bag can be inserted into the slot, and the fluid can be inserted into the bag to thereby expand the bag within the slot. This provides a given biasing force sufficient to cause heat conduction of the fluid by the cooling device between the bag and the hot surface of the cartridge. The cartridge is positioned adjacent to, for example, this cooling device. Figures 6A and 6B show a heat exchanger cartridge 28 according to one aspect of the present disclosure. Figure 6A shows a cartridge 28 having a first plate 41 and a second plate 43 fixed to each other. The first plate 41 is preferably composed of a heat conductive material such as copper and includes a heat conductive surface 98 for biasing against the cooling device 36 (Figures 1 and 2). The first plate 41 is on a copper material.

[0062]

[0063] ​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​ For improving heat conduction between the fluid within the heat exchanger cartridge 28 and the cooling device 36, it can include a silver material of 0.5 to 1 micron. This also provides a biocompatible inert surface for the fluid to come into contact within the heat exchanger cartridge 28. The second plate 43 is preferably composed of a heat insulating material such as a polymer, ABS, nylon, or polycarbonate. A heat insulating foam or natural cork insulation can be installed inside the cartridge 28 or on the outer surface of the cartridge 28 to insulate the fluid from the ambient air temperature around the cartridge 28, if desired.

[0064] The cartridge 28 can have at least one biasing mechanism including four magnets 99 fixed to the cartridge. At each corner of the second plate 43 the magnet 99 can be fixed within the bore 100. Alternatively, as further contemplated in the present disclosure, one long magnet or multiple magnets can be fixed along various portions of the cartridge to achieve the same biasing force against the cooling device. By fixing the four magnets 99 to the four corners of the cartridge 28, improved interfacial contact is provided between the heat conductive surface 98 of the first plate 41 and the thermal plate 38 of the cooling device 36. This is because when the magnet is biased against the thermal plate 38, it tends to apply a uniform biasing force along most or all of the surface area of the heat conductive surface 98, thereby improving and maintaining consistent efficient heat conduction from the fluid being treated (FIG. 7B). heat conduction from the fluid being treated (FIG. 7B).

[0065] The cartridge 28 is positioned on the upper portion 104 of the first end 106 of the second plate 43. An inlet port 102 and an outlet port 108 positioned at a lower portion 110 of a second end portion 112 of a second plate 43. The inlet port 102 can be connectable to a fluid container, and the outlet port 108 can be connectable to a treatment device positioned within a patient.

[0066] Continuing with reference to FIG. 6B, the second plate 43 includes a fluid passage 114 that is in fluid communication with the inlet port 102 and the outlet port 108. The fluid passage 114 meanders vertically from an upper portion 104 to a lower portion 110 across the entire cartridge, such that any gas within the system can tend to rise towards the upper portion of the fluid passage 114. The fluid passage 114 is formed to have a substantially flat cross-sectional area through which the fluid traverses (FIG. 6D). Thereby, the fluid traverses substantially thinly and flatly adjacent to the first plate 41, thereby maximizing heat conduction from the fluid by thermodynamic principles, resulting in one advantage of improving heat conduction from the fluid during treatment. The second plate 43 further includes an outer peripheral recess 116 formed to receive the first plate 41 such that a heat transfer surface 98 is substantially coplanar and flat with a biasing surface 118 of the second plate 43. The outer peripheral recess 116 can include a sealing passage 120 that can receive an adhesive for fixing the first plate 41 to the second plate 43 (FIGS. 6D and 6E). Accordingly, the first plate 41 can be fixed to the second plate 43 across various portions of the first plate 41, thereby preventing or reducing bulging or distortion of the first plate 41 due to suction or other forces. As a result, the cartridge ​​​​​​​​​​​​Due to the specific configuration of the trigger, greater contact is maintained between the surfaces of the first plate 41 and the thermal plate 38, increasing heat conduction.

[0067] FIG. 6C shows a heat exchanger cartridge 28' according to one aspect of the present disclosure. The cartridge 28' can have the same or similar features as those discussed with reference to FIGS. 6A and 6B. The cartridge 28' includes a first plate 41' and a second plate 43', and four magnets 99 positioned in bores 100 at the respective corners of the second plate 43'. Thus, the cartridge 28' has many of the same or similar features as those discussed with reference to FIGS. 6A and 6B, but has at least one of the following notable differences: The second plate 43' includes a fluid container 122 that is fully accommodated within the cavity 124 of the cartridge 28', obviating the need for an external fluid container to operate a fluid cooling supply system. From the fluid container 122, a fluid passage 114' meanders vertically from top to bottom across the entire cartridge, thereby allowing any gas within the system to have an upward tendency to rise towards the upper portion of the fluid passage 114' and towards the fluid container 122. By providing the fluid container 122 within the cartridge 28', there is no longer a need to provide an external container having various supply tubes and connections that the operator must handle, connect, and disconnect during the procedure, resulting in the advantage of improved sterility. By providing the fluid container 122 within the cartridge 28', a disposable cartridge that is easy to manufacture and supply to the operator for rapid attachment of a cooling device, sterile use of the fluid during the procedure, and easy removal and replacement of the cartridge between procedures is provided. There is a further advantage of having a cartridge. In some aspects, a small bag can be positioned within the cavity 124 and coupled to the fluid passage 114'. In this way, as the fluid is drawn from the bag, the bag is folded, so that the fluid pressure in the fluid passage 114' is maintained constant during operation.

[0068] In some embodiments, the corners of the fluid passages in each cartridge contemplated in the present disclosure can have a relatively large radius as shown by the hatching of the corner 121 in FIG. 6C. The corner 121 provides a gradual transition between the horizontal and vertical sidewalls of the fluid passage and serves to overcome the surface tension of air bubbles that might otherwise clog the corners of the fluid passage. This results in the cartridge having fewer air bubbles in the fluid passage than, for example, if it had corners of a smaller radius, so that the fluid pressure within the cartridge increases.

[0069] FIG. 6D shows a cross-sectional view of the heat exchanger cartridge 28 taken along line 6D-6D of FIG. 6A. FIG. 6E shows a portion of FIG. 6D. The features shown in FIGS. 6D and 6E can comprise the same or similar features as those referenced in FIG. 6C. The cartridge 28 comprises a first plate 41 and a second plate 43 that are fixed to each other. The second plate 43 comprises fluid passages 114 that meander adjacent to the first plate 43 throughout the cartridge 28. The second plate 43 comprises an outer peripheral recess 116 and a sealing passage 120 that can receive an adhesive for fixing the first plate 41 to the second plate 43. Thus, the first plate 41 extends over various portions of the first plate 41 to the second can be fixed to the plate 43, thereby preventing or reducing the distortion of the first plate 41 caused by the suction force or other forces. The structure shown and examined with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5 enables a relatively thin first plate 41 (further examined in this specification), thereby improving the heat conduction from the fluid in the fluid passage 114 that cools the fluid.

[0070] The first plate 41 can have a thickness T to maintain a substantially flat surface between the cartridge 28 and the thermal plate 38. When installed under vacuum, if the first plate 41 is too thin for a particular metal, the first plate 41 may exhibit a corrugated surface at multiple locations along which the fluid passage 114 is positioned. This may create air pockets between the heat transfer surface 41 and the plane 51 of the thermal plate 38, resulting in poor heat conduction from the fluid. In some embodiments, the thickness T of the first plate 41 is between 0.005 inches and 0.01 inches, but the thickness T can vary beyond such a range. Preferably, the thickness T is 0.01 inches.

[0071] Furthermore, the cross-sectional profile of the fluid passage 114 can have rounded corners R (FIG. 6E) compared to having a rectangular profile (FIG. 6D). The corner R is shown at the lower corner of the fluid passage for illustrative purposes, but the corner R is preferably formed at the upper portion of the fluid passage, especially near the upper corner where the fluid passage transitions from one vertical passage region to a horizontal passage region (FIG. 6C), otherwise trapping air bubbles at right-angled ​Since there are fewer bubbles in the fluid passage than when having corners of the corners, the fluid pressure in the cartridge can be increased.

[0072] Figures 7A and 7B show top views of a heat exchanger cartridge 28 according to one embodiment. The cartridge 28 can have the same or similar features as the cartridge with reference to FIGS. 1-6E. Thus, the cartridge can include a first plate 141 and a second plate 143 fixed to each other. The first plate 141 can include a heat transfer surface 98. Magnets 99 can be fixed to the cartridge 28 at opposite ends of the cartridge 28. Similarly, a cooling device 36 having a thermal plate 38 and a hot plate 39 can also have the same or similar features as those described with reference to FIGS. 1- 4. The thermal plate 38 includes a plane 51 that biases against the heat transfer surface 98 of the cartridge 29. A spacer 40 can extend around the outer periphery of the thermal plate 38 and the hot plate 39 (FIG. 2). The spacer 40 can include a magnet 53 positioned at a corresponding position with respect to the cartridge magnet 99. The spacer 40 includes an outer surface 49 that is substantially planar with the plane 51 of the thermal plate 38, and together they provide a surface area on the same plane on which the cartridge 28 can be biased.

[0073] The cartridge 28 can be manufactured or formed such that it is in a first state A when separated from the thermal plate 38 (FIG. 7A) and in a second state B when engaged with the thermal plate 38 (FIG. 7B). Thus, FIG. 7A shows the cartridge in the first state A (prestressed configuration). Shows the cartridge 28. This is a cartridge with an outer shape having a convex shape with respect to the plane 51 of the thermal plate 38 is achieved by forming the first plate 141 and the second plate 143 of the cartridge 28 Thus, the first end 106 and the second end 112 of the cartridge 28 can be positioned slightly away from the central area 115 of the cartridge, which is indicated by the distance X shown at the ends 106 , 112 of the cartridge 28. As shown in FIG. 7B, when the cartridge 28 is engaged with the cooling device 36, due to the prestressed shape and magnetic force, the cartridge 28 is biased in the same plane as the thermal plate 38. For this reason, since the cartridge 28 tends to flatten due to the magnetic force, it has a substantially flat outer shape with respect to the thermal plate 38. Such a configuration and biasing means provide improved surface-to-surface contact between the heat transfer surface 98 of the first plate 141 of the cooling device 36 and the thermal plate 38, thereby resulting in improved heat conduction while reducing heat loss. Improving heat conduction and reducing heat loss is important during patient treatment . Because some treatment systems, such as the lung treatment system considered in the present disclosure, may require a given fluid temperature and a given fluid pressure for a given amount of time during treatment . FIGS. 8 and 9 show a treatment system 210 according to one aspect of the present disclosure. FIG. 8 shows a treatment system 210 having a fluid cooling supply system 212 and a lung treatment system 217 coupled to each other by a supply line 2 14 and a return line 216. FIG. 9 shows a partial exploded view of some components of the fluid cooling supply system 12 of FIG. 8 .

[0074] FIGS. 8 and 9 show a treatment system 210 according to one aspect of the present disclosure. FIG. 8 shows a treatment system 210 having a fluid cooling supply system 212 and a lung treatment system 217 coupled to each other by a supply line 2 14 and a return line 216. FIG. 9 shows a partial exploded view of some components of the fluid cooling supply system 12 of FIG. 8 .

[0075] The treatment system 210 shown in FIGS. 8 to 13B can have the same or similar features as the system described and shown with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7B. Thus, the pulmonary treatment system 217 can include a flexible bronchoscope 18 having a treatment device 20, a control unit 68, a steering mechanism 70, and a video system 72. The flexible bronchoscope 18 can include an insertion tube 74 that extends from a control section 76 outside the patient's body, through the trachea 78, to a treatment site within the left main bronchus 80 of the patient's lung 81. The treatment device 20 can be positioned within the left main bronchus 80 or in other locations such as within the right main bronchus, lobar bronchi, and intermediate bronchotracheal bronchi. The treatment device 20 can be navigated through the tortuous airway to perform a variety of procedures, such as denervation of a portion of a lobe, an entire lobe, multiple lobes, or one or both lungs. In some embodiments, the lobar bronchi are treated to denervate the lung lobes. Based on the effectiveness of the treatment, the surgeon can treat additional lobes simultaneously or sequentially. The steering mechanism 70 can be coupled to the bronchoscope 18 and receive a supply line 214 and a return line 216 to enable a line to exit to the bronchoscope 18 and ultimately to the treatment device 20. The bronchoscope 18 can be coupled to the video system 72, which enables the operator to observe the progress of the insertion tube 74 through the patient on a monitor 82 when the insertion tube 74 is steered with the assistance of the control unit 68. The video system 72 enables the operator to determine whether fluid is being supplied from the fluid cooling supply system 212 to the treatment device 20.

[0076] ​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​It is possible. Further, the bronchoscope 18 is coupled to the control unit 68 to control some or all aspects of the treatment, such as the amount of energy delivered to the treatment device 20. Therefore, the treatment device 20 of the bronchoscope 18 is in fluid communication with the supply line 214 and the return line 216 of the fluid cooling supply system 212. Therefore, the fluid cooling supply system 212 is adapted to cool the fluid, pump the fluid, and circulate the fluid through the treatment device 20. Continuing with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9, in some aspects, the fluid cooling supply system 212 includes: a housing 232 having a front plate 234; a cooling device 236 having a thermal plate 238 extending through the front plate 234; a pump 230 for pumping fluid; a heat exchanger cartridge 228 coupled to the front plate 234 and biased against the cooling device 236; a cam system 237 coupled to the front plate 234 for biasing the cartridge 228 against the thermal plate 238; and a control device 242 coupled to the pump 230 and the cooling device 236. The housing 232 can include a first portion 231 and a second portion 233 that are fixed to each other and structurally support and house the various components of the system. The first portion 231 can include an opening 235 for receiving and supporting the front portion of the cooling device 236. The cooling device 236 includes a thermal plate 238, a hot plate 239, fins 246, and a fan 248, such as a generally available TEC. The thermal plate 238 can include a plane 251 for biasing the cartridge 228. The cooling device 236 is housed within the housing 232.

[0077] The pump 230 is coupled to the control device 242 and is configured to pump fluid through the supply line 214 and the return line 216. The heat exchanger cartridge 228 includes a heat exchanger core 244 and a heat sink 240. The heat exchanger core 244 is coupled to the control device 242 and is configured to exchange heat with the fluid flowing through the supply line 214 and the return line 216. The heat sink 240 is coupled to the thermal plate 238 and is configured to dissipate heat from the heat exchanger core 244 to the thermal plate 238. The cam system 237 includes a cam 241 and a spring 243. The cam 241 is rotatably coupled to the front plate 234 and is configured to engage the cartridge 228. The spring 243 is coupled to the cam 241 and the front plate 234 and is configured to bias the cam 241 against the cartridge 228. The control device 242 is configured to control the operation of the pump 230 and the cooling device 236 based on the temperature of the fluid flowing through the supply line 214 and the return line 216. The control device 242 can include a temperature sensor 250 for sensing the temperature of the fluid flowing through the supply line 214 and the return line 216, and a controller 252 for controlling the operation of the pump 230 and the cooling device 236 based on the sensed temperature.

[0078] The housing 232 can be made of a suitable material, such as plastic or metal. The first portion 231 and the second portion 233 can be fixed to each other by screws, bolts, or other suitable fasteners. The opening 235 can be sized and shaped to receive and support the front portion of the cooling device 236. The thermal plate 238 can be made of a suitable material, such as copper or aluminum. The hot plate 239 can be made of a suitable material, such as copper or aluminum. The fins 246 can be made of a suitable material, such as aluminum. A support plate 247 can be provided that is fixed to the first portion 231 of the housing 232. The spacer 240 can be fixed between the cooling device 236 and the front plate 234 for further support of the cooling device and to allow the thermal plate 2 38 to pass through the front plate 234. This can be done.

[0079] In some embodiments, the cartridge 228 is slidably coupled to the front plate 234 and biased against the thermal plate 238 of the cooling device (FIGS. 11A and 11B). As will be discussed further below, the cartridge 228 can include a fluid container 222 contained within the cartridge 228, or the system can have an external fluid container outside the cartridge 228 that is in fluid communication with the cartridge 228. In the illustrated embodiment, the cartridge includes an outlet port 208 coupled to a supply line 214. The supply line 214 extends along a pump 230 and then is further coupled to a treatment device 20 within a patient through a bronchoscope 18. Thus, the supply line 214 is in fluid communication with the treatment device 20, and a return line 216 that is also in fluid communication with the treatment device 20 extends from the insertion tube 74 back to the cartridge 228 for recirculation of fluid during treatment in a closed loop system. Alternatively, the return line 216 can extend to a waste container 219 in an open loop system. This will be further considered below. As such, the cartridge 228 can include a fluid container 222 contained within the cartridge 228, or the system can have an external fluid container outside the cartridge 228 that is in fluid communication with the cartridge 228. In the illustrated embodiment, the cartridge includes an outlet port 208 coupled to a supply line 214. The supply line 214 extends along a pump 230 and then is further coupled to a treatment device 20 within a patient through a bronchoscope 18. Thus, the supply line 214 is in fluid communication with the treatment device 20, and a return line 216 that is also in fluid communication with the treatment device 20 extends from the insertion tube 74 back to the cartridge 228 for recirculation of fluid during treatment in a closed loop system. Alternatively, the return line 216 can extend to a waste container 219 in an open loop system. The supply line 214 is thus in fluid communication with the treatment device 20, and a return line 216 that is also in fluid communication with the treatment device 20 extends from the insertion tube 74 back to the cartridge 228 for recirculation of fluid during treatment in a closed loop system. Alternatively, the return line 216 can extend to a waste container 219 in an open loop system. The return line 216 extends from the insertion tube 74 back to the cartridge 228 for recirculation of fluid during treatment in a closed loop system. Alternatively, the return line 216 can extend to a waste container 219 in an open loop system. This can be done.

[0080] Continuing with reference to FIG. 9, the front plate 234 is attached to the front portion 231 of the housing 232. The front plate 234 and the housing 232 cooperate to structurally support the cooling device 236 and the pump 230. The front plate 234 receives the thermal plate 238 of the cooling device 236 and supports the cooling device 236. to the cooling device 236. It includes an opening 243 to facilitate the biasing of the cartridge 228. The front plate 234 can include an opening 244 for receiving a part of the pump 2 30. The pump 230 can include a cover 250 and a rotating device 259 for coupling to the supply line 214. Importantly, the pump 230 is positioned downstream of the cartridge 228 such that the fluid in the cartridge 228 is subject to a negative fluid pressure and the fluid supplied to the treatment device 20 is subject to a positive fluid pressure during normal operation of the treatment system . The front plate 234 can include a control device 262 coupled to a control device 242 for controlling aspects of the system . The control device 242 is coupled to the pump 230 and can adjust the speed and direction of the pump 230, thereby adjusting the flow direction and volume of the fluid circulating through the system . The control device 242 is also coupled to a cooling device 236 and can adjust the temperature of the fluid in the cartridge 228, thereby further adjusting the temperature of the fluid circulating through the treatment system 20 and thereby adjusting the temperature of the patient tissue during treatment . It will be understood that the treatment device 20, discussed with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9, can include features the same as or similar to those discussed with reference to FIGS. 1 - 7B, particularly FIG. 5. FIG. 10 shows a schematic view of a treatment system 310 according to one aspect that can include some or all of the features of FIGS. 8 and 9. The treatment system 310 includes a fluid cooling supply system 212 coupled to a treatment device 20 positioned within a patient 264. The fluid cooling supply system 212 includes a cooling device 236, a heat exchanger 228, a pump 230, and a control device 242. The control device

[0081] 242... 242 can be coupled to the cooling device 236 and the pump 230 to regulate temperature and liquid circulation. The heat exchanger 228 can be removably coupled to the cooling device 236. The supply path 266 originates from a fluid container 222 that is fully contained within the heat exchanger 228. The supply path 266 extends through the heat exchanger 228 and the pump 230 to supply the cooled fluid to the patient 264 and terminates at the treatment device 20. The return path 268 can originate from the treatment device 20 and return to the fluid container 222 for recirculation or to the waste container 219. Thus, the fluid can be drawn from the container 222 through the heat exchanger 228 by the negative pressure of the pump 230. The fluid is cooled by the cooling device 236 as it travels through the heat exchanger 228. The fluid is supplied to the treatment device 20 by the positive pressure of the pump 230. The fluid can then be circulated through the treatment device 20 and returned from the treatment device 20 outside the patient 264. The pump 230 can include a forward gear and a reverse gear for drawing fluid through the heat exchanger 228 and pushing it forward, as indicated by the arrow P during treatment. The forward gear draws fluid from the heat exchanger 228 during normal operation of the system 310. Conversely, the reverse gear can push the fluid in the reverse direction through the heat exchanger 228 and expel any gas that may be present in the system 310. The speed and direction of the pump 230 can be controlled by the control device 242. In some embodiments, the pump 230 controls the fluid delivery rate of the treatment device.

[0082] The pump 230 can include a forward gear and a reverse gear for drawing fluid through the heat exchanger 228 and pushing it forward, as indicated by the arrow P during treatment. The forward gear draws fluid from the heat exchanger 228 during normal operation of the system 310. Conversely, the reverse gear can push the fluid in the reverse direction through the heat exchanger 228 and expel any gas that may be present in the system 310. The forward gear draws fluid from the heat exchanger 228 during normal operation of the system 310. Conversely, the reverse gear can push the fluid in the reverse direction through the heat exchanger 228 and expel any gas that may be present in the system 310. The forward gear draws fluid from the heat exchanger 228 during normal operation of the system 310. Conversely, the reverse gear can push the fluid in the reverse direction through the heat exchanger 228 and expel any gas that may be present in the system 310. The forward gear draws fluid from the heat exchanger 228 during normal operation of the system 310. Conversely, the reverse gear can push the fluid in the reverse direction through the heat exchanger 228 and expel any gas that may be present in the system 310. The speed and direction of the pump 230 can be controlled by the control device 242.

[0083] In some embodiments, the pump 230 controls the fluid delivery rate of the treatment device. It is coupled to a control device for variably controlling the speed of the pump. For this reason, the size and additional pressure of the treatment device can be controlled by the variable speed control device. Further, the non-contact pressure measurement device is electrically coupled to the pump and adjusts the system pressure, for example, by varying the speed of the pump in response to the pressure measured by the non-contact pressure measurement device, and can be positioned close to the high-pressure side of the fluid path. Furthermore, the non-contact pressure measurement device is electrically coupled to the pump and can be positioned close to the high-pressure side of the fluid path to adjust the system pressure, for example, by varying the speed of the pump in response to the pressure measured by the non-contact pressure measurement device. The non-contact pressure measurement device is electrically coupled to the pump and can be positioned close to the high-pressure side of the fluid path to adjust the system pressure, for example, by varying the speed of the pump in response to the pressure measured by the non-contact pressure measurement device. The non-contact pressure measurement device is electrically coupled to the pump and can be positioned close to the high-pressure side of the fluid path to adjust the system pressure, for example, by varying the speed of the pump in response to the pressure measured by the non-contact pressure measurement device. The non-contact pressure measurement device is electrically coupled to the pump and can be positioned close to the high-pressure side of the fluid path to adjust the system pressure, for example, by varying the speed of the pump in response to the pressure measured by the non-contact pressure measurement device.

[0084] Figures 11A - 13C show some aspects of the front plate 234, cam system 237, and cartridge 228 of the fluid cooling supply system 212. Figures 11A and 11B show rear perspective views of the front plate 234 and cartridge 228. The front plate can include a cam system 237 that, when operated between an engaged state E and a disengaged state D, enables removal of the cartridge 228. Figure 12A shows a side view of the front plate 234, and Figure 12B shows a cross-sectional view of the front plate 234, cam system 237, cartridge 228, and cooling device 236 taken along line 12B - 12B of Figure 11B. Figures 13A - 13C show various views of the cartridge 228. Continuing with reference to Figures 11A and 11B, the cartridge 228 includes a first plate 241 and a second plate 243 fixed to each other. The first plate 241 includes a heat-conductive surface 298 for biasing against the thermal plate of the cooling device (Figures 9 and 12B). The front plate 234 includes an opening 243 and a receiving surface 245. The opening 243 can be sized to facilitate biasing of the cartridge 228 against the thermal plate of the cooling device 236. The receiving surface 245 is a thermal plate. The front plate can include a cam system 237 that, when operated between an engaged state E and a disengaged state D, enables removal of the cartridge 228. The front plate can include a cam system 237 that, when operated between an engaged state E and a disengaged state D, enables removal of the cartridge 228. Figure 12A shows a side view of the front plate 234, and Figure 12B shows a cross-sectional view of the front plate 234, cam system 237, cartridge 228, and cooling device 236 taken along line 12B - 12B of Figure 11B. Figure 12A shows a side view of the front plate 234, and Figure 12B shows a cross-sectional view of the front plate 234, cam system 237, cartridge 228, and cooling device 236 taken along line 12B - 12B of Figure 11B. Figures 13A - 13C show various views of the cartridge 228.

[0085] Continuing with reference to Figures 11A and 11B, the cartridge 228 includes a first plate 241 and a second plate 243 fixed to each other. The first plate 241 includes a heat-conductive surface 298 for biasing against the thermal plate of the cooling device (Figures 9 and 12B). The front plate 234 includes an opening 243 and a receiving surface 245. The opening 243 can be sized to facilitate biasing of the cartridge 228 against the thermal plate of the cooling device 236. The opening 243 can be sized to facilitate biasing of the cartridge 228 against the thermal plate of the cooling device 236. A portion of the cooling device 236 is sized to allow the cart 238 to extend partially through the opening 243. The front plate 234 can also have an opening 244 for receiving a pump for pumping fluid through the cartridge 228. The front plate 234 can house and support a cam system 237 for biasing the cartridge 22 8 against the cooling device. In some configurations, the cam system 237 includes a cam lever 338 coupled to a camshaft 340 having four cam lobes 342. The cam lever 338 can be directly attached to the camshaft 340 or, in other configurations, can be dynamically coupled to the camshaft 340. Four cam lobes 342 are formed along the length of the camshaft 340 and are spatially separated from each other. The cam system 237 can include an actuating member 344 and an actuating device 346. Each actuating device 346 can be composed of a piston rod 354 and a spring 35 6 positioned below each respective piston rod 354. The actuating device 346 can be at least partially positioned within a respective bore 348 of the actuating member 344 and can be positioned adjacent to each respective cam lobe 342 such that the piston 354 is actuated downward by the rotation of the cam lobe 342 (FIG. 12B). When the cam system 237 is in the disengaged state D, the cam system 237 is positioned to allow the front plate 234 to slidably receive the cartridge 228. When the cartridge 2 28 is fully engaged within the front plate 234, the cam system 237 secures the cartridge 228 within the front plate 234 and biases the cartridge 228 against the thermal plate 38 of the cooling device 236 (FIG. 12B).

[0086] When the cam system 237 is in the disengaged state D, the cam system 237 is positioned to allow the front plate 234 to slidably receive the cartridge 228. When the cartridge 2 28 is fully engaged within the front plate 234, the cam system 237 secures the cartridge 228 within the front plate 234 and biases the cartridge 228 against the thermal plate 38 of the cooling device 236 (FIG. 12B). ​ Thus, the cam lever 338 and the cam shaft 340 can be actuated to the engaged state E by rotating them in the downward rotation direction indicated by the arrow C. For this reason, when the cam lobe 342 is moved to the engaged state E, it simultaneously biases each piston rod 354 of the actuating device 346. This tends to advance the actuating device 346 downward in the direction indicated by the arrow F, which tends to advance the actuating member 344 relative to the cartridge 228 generally in the direction indicated by the arrow G. This will be further considered below (FIG. 12B). Conversely, when the cam system 237 is moved from the engaged state E to the disengaged state D to remove the cartridge 228, by actuating the cam lever 338 in the direction indicated by the arrow B, the cam shaft 340 and the cam lobe 342 rotate in a similar direction, which tends to remove the force applied to the actuating device 346, which tends to remove the force applied by the actuating member 344 so that the cartridge 228 can be removed (FIG. 11A). As discussed above, providing a sufficient biasing force between the cartridge and the cooling device improves the surface contact between the cartridge and the cooling device, which aids in the effective and efficient cooling of the fluid passing through the cartridge for supply to the patient. 0 is rotated, it can be actuated to the engaged state E. For this reason, when the cam lobe 342 is moved to the engaged state E, it simultaneously biases each piston rod 354 of the actuating device 346. When moved to the engaged state E, it biases them simultaneously with respect to each piston rod 354 of the actuating device 346. This biases the actuating device 346 downward in the direction indicated by the arrow F, which biases the actuating member 344 relative to the cartridge 228 generally in the direction indicated by the arrow G. This will be further considered below (FIG. 12B). Conversely, when the cam system 237 is moved from the engaged state E to the disengaged state D to remove the cartridge 228, by actuating the cam lever 338 in the direction indicated by the arrow B, the cam shaft 340 and the cam lobe 342 rotate in a similar direction, which tends to remove the force applied to the actuating device 346, which tends to remove the force applied by the actuating member 344 so that the cartridge 228 can be removed (FIG. 11A). As discussed above, providing a sufficient biasing force between the cartridge and the cooling device improves the surface contact between the cartridge and the cooling device, which aids in the effective and efficient cooling of the fluid passing through the cartridge for supply to the patient. and the cam lobe 342 rotate in a similar direction, which tends to remove the force applied to the actuating device 346, which tends to remove the force applied by the actuating member 344 so that the cartridge 228 can be removed (FIG. 11A). As discussed above, providing a sufficient biasing force between the cartridge and the cooling device improves the surface contact between the cartridge and the cooling device, which aids in the effective and efficient cooling of the fluid passing through the cartridge for supply to the patient. and the cam lobe 342 rotate in a similar direction, which tends to remove the force applied to the actuating device 346, which tends to remove the force applied by the actuating member 344 so that the cartridge 228 can be removed (FIG. 11A). As discussed above, providing a sufficient biasing force between the cartridge and the cooling device improves the surface contact between the cartridge and the cooling device, which aids in the effective and efficient cooling of the fluid passing through the cartridge for supply to the patient. This tends to remove the force applied to the actuating device 346, which tends to remove the force applied by the actuating member 344 so that the cartridge 228 can be removed (FIG. 11A). As discussed above, providing a sufficient biasing force between the cartridge and the cooling device improves the surface contact between the cartridge and the cooling device, which aids in the effective and efficient cooling of the fluid passing through the cartridge for supply to the patient. As discussed above, providing a sufficient biasing force between the cartridge and the cooling device improves the surface contact between the cartridge and the cooling device, which aids in the effective and efficient cooling of the fluid passing through the cartridge for supply to the patient. When a sufficient biasing force is provided between the cartridge and the cooling device, the surface contact between the cartridge and the cooling device is improved, which aids in the effective and efficient cooling of the fluid passing through the cartridge for supply to the patient. This aids in the effective and efficient cooling of the fluid passing through the cartridge for supply to the patient. This aids in the effective and efficient cooling of the fluid passing through the cartridge for supply to the patient.

[0087] FIG. 12A shows a left side view of the front plate 234 of FIG. 11A according to one aspect of the present disclosure. The front plate 234 has a slot 358 sized to loosely receive the cartridge 228 when the cam system 237 is in the disengaged state D. The front plate 234 has an upper biasing surface 360 and a lower biasing surface 362 sized to tightly receive the cartridge 228. The upper biasing surface 360 is a thermal When the cam system 237 is in the disengaged state D, it has a slot 358 sized to loosely receive the cartridge 228. The front plate 234 has an upper biasing surface 360 and a lower biasing surface 362 sized to tightly receive the cartridge 228. The upper biasing surface 360 is a thermal It is formed at an angle that is not substantially parallel to the plane 251 of the plate 238 (FIG. 12B). Similarly, the lower biasing surface 362 is formed at an angle that is not substantially parallel to the plane 251 of the thermal plate 238. Thus, the slot 358 can have a trapezoidal cross-sectional profile for receiving the cartridge 228, and the cartridge 228 can also have a corresponding trapezoidal cross-sectional profile (FIG. 13C). FIG. 12A further shows the cam lever 338 and the recess 364 in the disengaged state D to allow passage of the supply line 214 (FIGS. 8 and 9).

[0088] FIG. 12B shows a cross-sectional view of the front plate 234, the cartridge 228 positioned within the front plate 234, the cooling device 236 and the thermal plate 238 positioned adjacent to the cartridge 228, and the cam system 237 in the engaged state E. With respect to the cam system 237, the actuating member 344 includes a lower actuating surface 366 formed at an angle with respect to the plane 251 of the thermal plate 238. As further discussed above, when the cam system 237 is engaged via the cam lever 338 and the cam shaft 340, the cam lobe 342 advances the actuating device 346 downward, and thus the actuating device 346 advances the actuating member 344 downward in the direction indicated by the arrow F. As a result, the lower actuating surface 366 biases the upper angular surface 368 of the cartridge 228, and at the same time, the lower biasing surface 362 biases the lower angular surface 374 of the cartridge 228, which tends to advance the cartridge 228 inward in the direction indicated by the arrow G. As a result of this configuration and operation, heat conduction from the fluid is caused and the surface-to-surface contact between the cartridge 228 and the cooling device 236 is improved. With a given force, the cartridge 228 is urged generally laterally with respect to the thermal plate 238. This is achieved in part due to the slots 358 and the trapezoidal outer shape of the cartridge 228, and due to the angled surfaces of the moving member 344, which together tend to "slide" the cartridge 228 into a fixed position along their respective angled surfaces in the direction indicated by arrow G. For this reason, the cam system 237, front plate 234, and cartridge 228 are sized to cooperate to urge the cartridge 228 against the thermal plate 2 38 to cause heat conduction from the fluid contained within the cartridge 228. 38.

[0089] FIG. 13A is a front perspective view of a cartridge 228 according to one aspect of the present disclosure. The cartridge 2 28 includes a handle 370 positioned at the left end of the cartridge for easy insertion and removal of the cartridge 228 into the slots 358 of the front plate 234 as discussed above. The cartridge 2 28 includes upper angled surfaces 368 and lower angled surfaces 374 formed at respective angles that allow insertion of the cartridge 228 into the front plate 234. The cartridge 228 further includes a plurality of cavities 372 defined by a plurality of cross-members 375. The cavities 372 are sized to improve heat conduction from the fluid within the cartridge 228 during operation of the system and are formed along the front portion of the cartridge.

[0090] FIG. 13B shows a rear perspective view of a cartridge 228 according to one aspect of the present disclosure. The cartridge 2 28 includes a first plate 241 and a second plate 243 attached to each other. The first ​The plate 241 is preferably made of a copper material and has a heat transfer surface 298 for biasing the cooling device (FIG. 12B). The first plate 241 may include a silver material of 0.5 to 1 micron on the copper material to improve the heat conduction between the fluid in the heat exchanger cartridge 228 and the cooling device 236. This also provides a biocompatible and inert surface for the fluid to contact in the heat exchanger cartridge 228. The second plate 43 is preferably made of a heat insulating material such as ABS, nylon or polycarbonate. A heat insulating foam or natural cork insulation may be installed inside the cartridge 28 or on the outer surface of the cartridge 28 to insulate the fluid from the ambient air temperature around the cartridge 28. The second plate 243 includes a fluid container 322 positioned on the upper portion 376 of the cartridge 228. A fluid passage 314 is formed on the second plate 243 and is in fluid communication with the fluid container 322. The fluid passage 314 meanders vertically throughout the cartridge from the top to the bottom, so that any gas in the system can tend to rise into the fluid container 322 towards the upper portion 376 of the fluid passage 314. The second plate 243 can be provided with a sealing surface 240 recessed to receive the first plate 241. The sealing surface 240 can receive an adhesive for fixing the first plate 241 to the second plate 243. Thus, the first plate 241 is fixed to the second plate 243 over various portions of the first plate 241, thereby preventing distortion of the copper plate due to suction or other forces acting on the first plate 241. The first plate 241 is preferably made of a copper material and has a heat transfer surface 298 for biasing the cooling device (FIG. 12B). The first plate 241 may include a silver material of 0.5 to 1 micron on the copper material to improve the heat conduction between the fluid in the heat exchanger cartridge 228 and the cooling device 236. This also provides a biocompatible and inert surface for the fluid to contact in the heat exchanger cartridge 228. The second plate 43 is preferably made of a heat insulating material such as ABS, nylon or polycarbonate. A heat insulating foam or natural cork insulation may be installed inside the cartridge 28 or on the outer surface of the cartridge 28 to insulate the fluid from the ambient air temperature around the cartridge 28. The second plate 243 includes a fluid container 322 positioned on the upper portion 376 of the cartridge 228. A fluid passage 314 is formed on the second plate 243 and is in fluid communication with the fluid container 322. The fluid passage 314 meanders vertically throughout the cartridge from the top to the bottom, so that any gas in the system can tend to rise into the fluid container 322 towards the upper portion 376 of the fluid passage 314. The second plate 243 can be provided with a sealing surface 240 recessed to receive the first plate 241. The sealing surface 240 can receive an adhesive for fixing the first plate 241 to the second plate 243. Thus, the first plate 241 is fixed to the second plate 243 over various portions of the first plate 241, thereby preventing distortion of the copper plate due to suction or other forces acting on the first plate 241. The first plate 241 is preferably made of a copper material and has a heat transfer surface 298 for biasing the cooling device (FIG. 12B). The first plate 241 may include a silver material of 0.5 to 1 micron on the copper material to improve the heat conduction between the fluid in the heat exchanger cartridge 228 and the cooling device 236. This also provides a biocompatible and inert surface for the fluid to contact in the heat exchanger cartridge 228. The second plate 43 is preferably made of a heat insulating material such as ABS, nylon or polycarbonate. A heat insulating foam or natural cork insulation may be installed inside the cartridge 28 or on the outer surface of the cartridge 28 to insulate the fluid from the ambient air temperature around the cartridge 28. The second plate 243 includes a fluid container 322 positioned on the upper portion 376 of the cartridge 228. A fluid passage 314 is formed on the second plate 243 and is in fluid communication with the fluid container 322. The fluid passage 314 meanders vertically throughout the cartridge from the top to the bottom, so that any gas in the system can tend to rise into the fluid container 322 towards the upper portion 376 of the fluid passage 314. The second plate 243 can be provided with a sealing surface 240 recessed to receive the first plate 241. The sealing surface 240 can receive an adhesive for fixing the first plate 241 to the second plate 243. Thus, the first plate 241 is fixed to the second plate 243 over various portions of the first plate 241, thereby preventing distortion of the copper plate due to suction or other forces acting on the first plate 241. The first plate 241 is preferably made of a copper material and has a heat transfer surface 298 for biasing the cooling device (FIG. 12B). The first plate 241 may include a silver material of 0.5 to 1 micron on the copper material to improve the heat conduction between the fluid in the heat exchanger cartridge 228 and the cooling device 236. This also provides a biocompatible and inert surface for the fluid to contact in the heat exchanger cartridge 228. The second plate 43 is preferably made of a heat insulating material such as ABS, nylon or polycarbonate.

[0091] The second plate 243 is positioned in the lower portion 378 of the cartridge 228 and has fluid passages 314 and and an outlet port 308 in fluid communication with the fluid reservoir 322. The outlet port 308 may include: The device may be coupled to a supply line for delivering fluid to a patient. The cartridge 228 may include an inlet port 302 in fluid communication with a fluid reservoir 322 . The outlet portion 302 may be connectable to a return line for returning fluid from within the patient. In some embodiments, the fluid reservoir 322 is in fluid communication with the fluid passageway 314 and the outlet port 308. A collapsible bag can be accommodated, so that the fluid pressure that the system is subjected to is In some embodiments, the cartridge 228 is a cartridge The cartridge 228 may not have a fluid reservoir 322 housed within it; the cartridge 228 may simply have a fluid reservoir 322 as shown in FIG. The fluid passage may be coupled to the external container.

[0092] FIG. 13C shows a cross-sectional view of cartridge 228 taken along 13C-13C of FIGS. 13A and 13B. The cartridge 228 includes a first plate 241 and a second plate 243 attached to each other. The first plate 243 is a thermally conductive plate positioned adjacent to the fluid container 322 and the fluid passage 314. The second plate 243 is positioned on the upper portion 376 of the cartridge 228. and a fluid passageway 314 in fluid communication with the fluid container 322. The housing may include a plurality of cavities 372 defined by a plurality of cross members 375 (FIG. 13A). The cavity 372 is sized to reduce the average thickness of the second plate and It is formed along the edge. As a result, the heat conduction from the fluid in the cartridge 228 during the operation of the cooling system is improved. The cartridge 228 includes an upper angled surface 368 and a lower angled surface 374. The cartridge 228 has an outer shape that enables insertion of the cartridge 228 into the slot 358 of the front plate 234 for biasing towards the cooling machine 236 as further discussed above. The first plate 241 can have a thickness T to maintain a flat surface between the cartridge 228 and the thermal plate 238. When installed under vacuum, if the first plate 241 is too thin for a particular metal, the first plate 241 may exhibit a corrugated surface in multiple locations, along which the fluid passage 314 is positioned. This may create an air pocket between the heat transfer surface 251 and the plane of the thermal plate 238, resulting in poor heat conduction from the fluid. In some embodiments, the thickness T of the first plate 241 is between 0.005 inches and 0.01 inches, but the thickness T can vary beyond such a range. Preferably, the thickness T is 0.01 inches. As discussed above with reference to FIGS. 1-5A, the heat exchange cartridge discussed with reference to FIGS. 8-13C can alternatively be an elastomer such as a bag. This bag or the like is removably coupled to the cooling device using a given biasing force to cause heat conduction from the liquid contained within or moving therethrough. The bag can include the same or similar features as the cartridge discussed in the present disclosure. For example, the bag can have a serpentine pattern.

[0093] The first plate 241 can have a thickness T to maintain a flat surface between the cartridge 228 and the thermal plate 238. When installed under vacuum, if the first plate 241 is too thin for a particular metal, the first plate 241 may exhibit a corrugated surface in multiple locations, along which the fluid passage 314 is positioned. This may create an air pocket between the heat transfer surface 251 and the plane of the thermal plate 238, resulting in poor heat conduction from the fluid. In some embodiments, the thickness T of the first plate 241 is between 0.005 inches and 0.01 inches, but the thickness T can vary beyond such a range. Preferably, the thickness T is 0.01 inches. As discussed above with reference to FIGS. 1-5A, the heat exchange cartridge discussed with reference to FIGS. 8-13C can alternatively be an elastomer such as a bag. This bag or the like is removably coupled to the cooling device using a given biasing force to cause heat conduction from the liquid contained within or moving therethrough. The bag can include the same or similar features as the cartridge discussed in the present disclosure. For example, the bag can have a serpentine pattern.

[0094] As discussed above with reference to FIGS. 1-5A, the heat exchange cartridge discussed with reference to FIGS. 8-13C can alternatively be an elastomer such as a bag. This bag or the like is removably coupled to the cooling device using a given biasing force to cause heat conduction from the liquid contained within or moving therethrough. The bag can include the same or similar features as the cartridge discussed in the present disclosure. For example, the bag can have a serpentine pattern. The bag can include the same or similar features as the cartridge discussed in the present disclosure. For example, the bag can have a serpentine pattern. The bag can include the same or similar features as the cartridge discussed in the present disclosure. For example, the bag can have a serpentine pattern. It can have a fluid passage having the ン. The bag can have an outlet port in fluid communication with a treatment device positioned within the patient. As will be further described elsewhere in this disclosure, at least one biasing mechanism configured to bias the bag with a given force to cool the fluid to a selected delivery temperature of the patient can be coupled to the cooling device. The at least one biasing mechanism can be the cam system 237 described above. Thus, a bag having a fluid chamber for holding fluid can be inserted into a biasing member such as a slot, and a plate, etc., and the cam system can be used to bias the biasing member against the bag, thereby biasing the bag against the cooling device with a given biasing force. It can be operated as such. For this purpose, the bag can be made replaceable with another bag by detaching the cam system and the biasing plate from the bag, as described with reference to FIGS. 8-13C, so as to enable removal of the bag. It can have an outlet port in fluid communication with the treatment device. As will be further described elsewhere in this disclosure, at least one biasing mechanism configured to bias the bag with a given force to cool the fluid to a selected delivery temperature of the patient can be coupled to the cooling device. As described above, at least one biasing mechanism configured to bias the bag with a given force to cool the fluid to a selected delivery temperature of the patient can be coupled to the cooling device. At least one biasing mechanism configured to bias the bag with a given force to cool the fluid to a selected delivery temperature of the patient can be coupled to the cooling device. The at least one biasing mechanism can be the cam system 237 described above. Thus, a bag having a fluid chamber for holding fluid can be inserted into a biasing member such as a slot, and a plate, etc., and the cam system can be used to bias the biasing member against the bag, thereby biasing the bag against the cooling device with a given biasing force. It can be inserted into a biasing member such as a slot, and a plate, etc., and the cam system can be used to bias the biasing member against the bag, thereby biasing the bag against the cooling device with a given biasing force. The cam system can be used to bias the biasing member against the bag, thereby biasing the bag against the cooling device with a given biasing force. It can be operated as such. For this purpose, the bag can be made replaceable with another bag by detaching the cam system and the biasing plate from the bag, as described with reference to FIGS. 8-13C, so as to enable removal of the bag. The bag can be made replaceable with another bag by detaching the cam system and the biasing plate from the bag, as described with reference to FIGS. 8-13C, so as to enable removal of the bag. The bag can be made replaceable with another bag by detaching the cam system and the biasing plate from the bag, as described with reference to FIGS. 8-13C, so as to enable removal of the bag.

[0095] FIGS. 14-20 show a system 410 comprising a fluid cooling supply system 412 coupled to a treatment system 417. The treatment system 410 shown in FIGS. 14-20 can have the same or similar features as the features of the system described and shown with reference to FIGS. 1-7B and FIGS. 8-13C. The treatment system 410 shown in FIGS. 14-20 can have the same or similar features as the features of the system described and shown with reference to FIGS. 1-7B and FIGS. 8-13C. The treatment system 410 shown in FIGS. 14-20 can have the same or similar features as the features of the system described and shown with reference to FIGS. 1-7B and FIGS. 8-13C.

[0096] In the example of FIG. 14, the fluid cooling supply system 412 is coupled to the treatment system 417. As described above, the treatment system 417 can be positioned at least partially within the patient 464 (FIG. 15). The fluid cooling supply system 412 cools the fluid, pumps the fluid, and treats the fluid. As described above, the treatment system 417 can be positioned at least partially within the patient 464. The treatment system 417 can be positioned at least partially within the patient 464. configured to supply fluid through a treatment system 417. In a closed loop system, the fluid The cooling supply system 412 can include a fluid container 422, a fluid 424, a cooling system 426, a heat exchanger cartridge 428, a supply line 414, and a return line 416, which cooperate to circulate cooled fluid through the treatment system 417 during treatment. The supply line 414 originates at the fluid container 422, passes through the cartridge 428, and extends along a pump 430. The supply line 414 can extend through a pulse damper (not shown) to attenuate vibrations in the supply line 414 during operation of the pump 430. Finally, the supply line 414 extends into a treatment system 417 that can be positioned within a patient. The return line 416, which is in fluid communication with the supply line extends from the treatment system 417 and returns from within the patient to the container 422 to recirculate the fluid during treatment. In some embodiments, the supply line 414 and the return line 416 are connected to the fluid container 422 by a coaxial double spike 423 (Figs. 15-16). This will be discussed in more detail below. Referring to Fig. 15, in some embodiments, similar to the description of the previous embodiments, the lung treatment system 417 can include a flexible bronchoscope 418 having a treatment device 420, a control unit 468, a steering mechanism 470, and a video system 472. The flexible bronchoscope 418 can include an insertion tube 474 that extends from a control section 476 outside the patient's body, through the trachea 478, to a treatment site within the left main bronchus 480 of the patient's lung 481. The treatment device 420 is positioned within the left main bronchus 480. The return line 416, which is in fluid communication with the supply line 414, extends from the treatment system 417 and returns from within the patient to the container 422 to recirculate the fluid during treatment. In some embodiments, the supply line 414 and the return line 416 are connected to the fluid container 422 by a coaxial double spike 423 (Figs. 15-16). This will be discussed in more detail below.

[0097] Referring to Fig. 15, in some embodiments, similar to the description of the previous embodiments, the lung treatment system 417 can include a flexible bronchoscope 418 having a treatment device 420, a control unit 468, a steering mechanism 470, and a video system 472. The flexible bronchoscope 418 can include an insertion tube 474 that extends from a control section 476 outside the patient's body, through the trachea 478, to a treatment site within the left main bronchus 480 of the patient's lung 481. The treatment device 420 is positioned within the left main bronchus 480. The flexible bronchoscope 418 can include an insertion tube 474 that extends from a control section 476 outside the patient's body, through the trachea 478, to a treatment site within the left main bronchus 480 of the patient's lung 481. The treatment device 420 is positioned within the left main bronchus 480. from an outer control section 476 of the patient's body, through the trachea 478, to a treatment site within the left main bronchus 480 of the patient's lung 481. The treatment device 420 is positioned within the left main bronchus 480. The treatment device 420 is positioned within the left main bronchus 480. positioned, or may be positioned in other locations such as within the right main bronchus, lobar bronchi, and intermediate bronchotracheal branches, etc. Positioned. The treatment device 420 can be navigated through the tortuous airway to perform a variety of procedures, such as on a portion of a lobe, a whole lobe, multiple lobes, or denervation of one or both lungs. In some embodiments, the lobar bronchi are treated to denervate the lung lobes. Based on the effectiveness of the treatment, the surgeon can treat additional lobes simultaneously or sequentially.

[0098] The steering mechanism 470 can be coupled to the bronchoscope 418 and receive the supply line 414 and return line 416 to enable a line to go to the bronchoscope 418 and ultimately to the treatment device 420. The bronchoscope 418 can be coupled to a video system 472, and the video system 472 enables the operator to observe the movement of the insertion tube 474 through the patient on the monitor 482 when the insertion tube 474 is steered with the assistance of the control unit 468. The video system 472 can enable the operator to determine whether fluid is supplied from the fluid cooling supply system 412 to the treatment device 420. Furthermore, the bronchoscope 418 can be coupled to the control unit 468 to control some or all aspects of the treatment, such as the amount of energy delivered to the treatment device 420. Thus, the treatment device 420 of the bronchoscope 418 is in fluid communication with the supply line 414 and return line 416 of the fluid cooling supply system 412. Therefore, the fluid cooling supply system 412 is adapted to cool the fluid, pump the fluid, and circulate the fluid through the treatment device 420. [[ID=3�]]

[0099] Figure 16 showing a partial exploded view of some components of the fluid cooling supply system 412 of FIGS. 14 - 15 Referring, as in the previous embodiment description, in some embodiments, the fluid cooling supply system 412 may include: a housing 432 having a front plate 434; a cooling device 436 having a thermal plate 438 extending through the front plate 434; a pump 430 for pumping fluid; a heat exchanger cartridge 428 removably coupled to the front plate 434, biased against and in contact with the cooling device 436; a hinged door 437 coupled to the front plate 434 of the housing 423 by a hinge for biasing the cartridge 428 against the thermal plate 438; and a control device 442 (FIG. 18) coupled to the pump 430 and the cooling device 436.

[0100] The housing 432 can include a first portion 431 and a second portion 433 that are fixed to each other and structurally support and house the various components of the system. The first portion 431 can include an opening 435 for receiving and supporting the front portion of the cooling device 436. The cooling device 436 can include, like a commonly available TEC, a thermal plate 438, a hot plate 439, fins 446, and a fan 448. The thermal plate 438 can include a flat surface 451 for biasing the cartridge 428. The cooling device 436 can include a support plate 447 fixed to the first portion 431 of the housing 432.

[0101] The front plate 434 can include an opening 444 for receiving a portion of the pump 430. The pump 430 can include a cover 450 and a rotating device 459 for coupling to the supply line 414. The pump 430 is positioned downstream of the cartridge 428 such that the fluid within the cartridge 428 is subject to a negative fluid pressure and the fluid supplied to the treatment device 420 is subject to a positive fluid pressure during normal operation of the treatment system.

[0102] Continuing with reference to FIG. 16, the front plate 434 is attached to the front portion 431 of the housing 432. The front plate 434 and the housing 432 cooperate to structurally support the cooling device 436 and the pump 430. The front plate 434 includes an opening 443 for receiving the thermal plate 438 of the cooling device 436. In some embodiments, a door 437 pivots between an open position and a closed position relative to the front plate 434. In the open position, the cartridge 428 can be inserted into or removed from the opening 443. In the closed position, the cartridge 428 is biased against the thermal plate 438 of the cooling device 436.

[0103] FIG. 17 shows a rear perspective view of a door assembly 440 according to one aspect of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the door 437 can have at least one biasing mechanism that can include a plurality of magnets 453 (FIG. 17) for fixing the door 437 in the closed position. The magnets 453 can be fixed within a bore 455 defined within the door 437. Alternatively, one long magnet or a plurality of magnets can be fixed along various portions of the door 437 or the front plate 434 to achieve the same biasing force contemplated in the present disclosure. The biasing force provides improved surface-to-surface contact between the heat exchanger cartridge 428 and the thermal plate 438 of the cooling device 436. This improves and maintains consistent and efficient heat transfer from the fluid during the procedure.

[0104] The hinged door assembly 440 can also include a plurality of hinges 460 for attaching the hinged door 437 to the front plate 434 or the first portion 431 of the housing 432. In one embodiment, the hinged door assembly 437 can include two hinges 460, whereby the hinged door 437 is rotatably movable relative to the front plate 434 or the first portion 431 of the housing 432 between an open position and a closed position.

[0105] In one embodiment, the hinged door 437 can be defined by a notch 461 sized to receive and house a portion of the heat exchanger cartridge 428. In one embodiment the hinged door 437 can include one or more notches 462 sized to receive and house the inlet port 402 and the outlet port 408, and associated bubble removal devices for the heat exchanger cartridge 428.

[0106] FIG. 18 shows a schematic view of a treatment system 410 similar to the schematic view of the treatment system 310 of FIG. 5, according to one embodiment of the present invention. The treatment system 410 includes a fluid cooling supply system 412 coupled to a treatment device 420 positioned within a patient 464. In one embodiment, similar to FIG. 5, the treatment device 420 can include one or more electrodes 90 operable to output ultrasonic, microwave, electrical energy, and / or radio frequency (RF) energy, respectively.

[0107] The fluid cooling supply system 412 includes a cooling device 436, a heat exchanger 428, a pump 430, and a control ​​​​​​​​and a control unit 442. The control unit 442 controls the cooling device to regulate the temperature and circulation of the fluid. 436 and pump 430. The heat exchanger 428 can be detachably connected to the cooling device 436. The fluid supply line 414 originates from a fluid reservoir 422. Line 414 continues to heat exchanger 428 and pumps 428 to provide chilled fluid to patient 464. The fluid return line 416 passes through the treatment device 420 and terminates at the treatment device 420. 420 and back to the fluid reservoir 422 for recirculation and / or back to the waste reservoir 419. Therefore, the fluid is pumped from the reservoir 422 to the heat exchanger 42 at negative pressure by the pump 430. 8. As the fluid travels through the heat exchanger 428, it The fluid is supplied to the treatment device 420 at positive pressure by a pump 430. The fluid is then circulated through the treatment device 420 and delivered to the treatment device outside the patient 464. The data may be returned from process 420.

[0108] A control unit 468 (FIG. 15) may be coupled to the controller 442 to control aspects of the system. The control 442 adjusts the speed and direction of the pump 430, thereby circulating the liquid through the system. The control unit 442 may be coupled to the pump 430 to regulate the flow direction and volume of the fluid. It also regulates the temperature of the fluid within the cartridge 428, thereby controlling the temperature of the fluid passing through the treatment device 420. and further regulates the temperature of the circulating fluid, thereby regulating the temperature of the patient's tissue during treatment. For this purpose, the cooling device 436 may be coupled to the cooling device 436.

[0109] A pump 430 draws fluid through the heat exchanger 428 during treatment, as indicated by arrow P. The forward gear may be provided for pushing the shaft forward and the reverse gear for pushing the shaft forward. During normal operation of the stem 410, the heat exchanger 428 is drawn from the fluid. Conversely, reverse gear draws fluid from the heat exchanger 428. Fluid can be pushed in the reverse direction through 428 to evacuate any gas that may be present in the system 410. The speed and direction of the pump 430 can be controlled by a controller 442.

[0110] In some embodiments, the pump 430 controls the amount of fluid delivered to the treatment device by: The pump is coupled to a control device for variably controlling the speed of the pump. The size and applied pressure can be controlled by a variable speed controller. The measurement device is electrically coupled to the pump, for example by a non-contact pressure measurement device. Regulating system pressure, such as by varying pump speed in response to measured pressure The pressure regulator may be positioned adjacent the high pressure side of the fluid path to provide a pressure regulator.

[0111] 19A and 19B each illustrate a thermoformed heat exchanger cartridge 428 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The heat exchanger cartridge 428 is mounted on a first plate 441. The tray 443 is made of a flexible thermoformed material bonded or joined to the plate 441. 443 connects the inlet supply line 414a (uncooled fluid) and The cooling fluid passage 450 defines a fluid passage for fluidly coupling the cooling fluid passage 450 to the outlet supply line 414b (chilled fluid).

[0112] The first plate 441 is preferably made of a copper material and is biased against a flat surface 451 of the cooling device 436. For example, the first plate 441 may be a heat exchanger. To improve and optimize the heat conduction between the fluid within the cartridge 428 and the cooling device 436, for example, by plating, coating (such as conductive ink or coating) and / or laminating ( for example, thin film), a conductive material deposited on a copper material can be provided. The conductive material can include silver, parylene, aluminum, or combinations thereof. The first plate 441 can have a thickness T to maintain a flat surface between the cartridge 428 and the thermal plate 438. When installed under vacuum, such as when the pump is reversed, if the first plate 441 is too thin for a particular metal, the first plate 441 may exhibit a corrugated surface at multiple locations, along which the fluid passage 450 is positioned. This can result in the generation of air pockets between the first plate 441 and the thermal plate 438, which can result in poor contact and thus poor heat conduction from the fluid. Also, there is a possibility that the recess of the tray is fully folded, thereby causing blockage of the fluid passage. In some embodiments, the thickness T of the first plate 441 is from 0.005 inches to 0.01 5 inches, although the thickness T can vary beyond such a range. Preferably, the thickness T is about 0.010 inches (i.e., 10 mils).

[0113] In one particular embodiment, the plate 441 comprises a copper plate having a thickness of about 10 mils coated with a silver material of 0.5 microns to 1 micron. This provides a biocompatible and inert surface for the fluid to contact in the heat exchanger cartridge 428. Optionally, a parylene coating is provided on at least a portion of the silver material. ​ It provides barrier properties and helps to seal or adhere the tray 443 to the plate 441.

[0114] The thermoformed tray 443 is preferably composed of a transparent or translucent thermoforming material such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The material of the tray 443 exhibits sufficient flexibility so as to remain adhered to the plate 441 under high-temperature applications such as sterilization. The thickness of the tray 443 is optimized to provide sufficient rigidity to the tray 443, such that when a reverse pressure is applied to the system to be evacuated, the tray does not deform or ripple so as not to significantly impair or weaken the heat exchange characteristics of the cartridge 428. Optionally, a heat insulating foam or natural cork heat insulating material (not shown) can be installed inside the cartridge 428 or on the outer surface of the cartridge 428 to insulate the fluid from the ambient air temperature around the cartridge 428. The thermoformed tray 443 further includes an edge or recess 452 spaced inwardly from the outer periphery of the tray 443 by a sealing surface or flange 440. The sealing surface 440 receives an adhesive such as a UV-activated adhesive or a UV-curable adhesive or an epoxy, etc., and can fix the plate 441 and the tray 443 together. Any excess adhesive is collected within the recess 452 so as not to obstruct the fluid passage 450. For this reason, the first plate 441 is fixed to the tray 443 over various peripheral portions of the first plate 441, preventing distortion of the copper plate due to the suction force or other forces acting on the first plate 441. In one embodiment, the first plate 441 and the tray 443 use a UV-curable adhesive. When a reverse pressure is applied to the system to be evacuated, the tray does not deform or ripple so as not to significantly impair or weaken the heat exchange characteristics of the cartridge 428. Optionally, a heat insulating foam or natural cork heat insulating material (not shown) can be installed inside the cartridge 428 or on the outer surface of the cartridge 428 to insulate the fluid from the ambient air temperature around the cartridge 428. When a reverse pressure is applied to the system to be evacuated, the tray does not deform or ripple so as not to significantly impair or weaken the heat exchange characteristics of the cartridge 428. Optionally, a heat insulating foam or natural cork heat insulating material (not shown) can be installed inside the cartridge 428 or on the outer surface of the cartridge 428 to insulate the fluid from the ambient air temperature around the cartridge 428. Optionally, a heat insulating foam or natural cork heat insulating material (not shown) can be installed inside the cartridge 428 or on the outer surface of the cartridge 428 to insulate the fluid from the ambient air temperature around the cartridge 428. Optionally, a heat insulating foam or natural cork heat insulating material (not shown) can be installed inside the cartridge 428 or on the outer surface of the cartridge 428 to insulate the fluid from the ambient air temperature around the cartridge 428. It can be done.

[0115] The tray 443 further includes an edge or recess 452 spaced inwardly from the outer periphery of the tray 443 by a sealing surface or flange 440. The sealing surface 440 receives an adhesive such as a UV-activated adhesive or a UV-curable adhesive or an epoxy, etc., and can fix the plate 441 and the tray 443 together. Any excess adhesive is collected within the recess 452 so as not to obstruct the fluid passage 450. For this reason, the first plate 441 is fixed to the tray 443 over various peripheral portions of the first plate 441, preventing distortion of the copper plate due to the suction force or other forces acting on the first plate 441. For this reason, the first plate 441 is fixed to the tray 443 over various peripheral portions of the first plate 441, preventing distortion of the copper plate due to the suction force or other forces acting on the first plate 441. The first plate 441 is fixed to the tray 443 over various peripheral portions of the first plate 441, preventing distortion of the copper plate due to the suction force or other forces acting on the first plate 441. [[ID=Thirty-six]] In one embodiment, the first plate 441 and the tray 443 use a UV-curable adhesive. The assembly is joined by exposing it to UV irradiation. The transparency of the tray material allows for sufficient exposure to UV irradiation to properly cure the adhesive.

[0116] The fluid passage 450 is defined as the space between the recessed area formed in the tray 443 and the first plate 441. The fluid passage serves to provide fluid communication between the fluid container 422, the pump 430, and ultimately the treatment device 420 while cooling the fluid passing through the fluid passage 450. In one embodiment, the fluid passage 450 meanders throughout the cartridge 428 for a desired number of passes, such as 7 passes as shown. The number of passes, as well as the depth and width of the passage 450, are selected based on the desired residence time of the fluid within the cartridge 428 to cool the fluid to the desired temperature. For example, the fluid container 450 is sized to provide an appropriate residence time for a coolant, such as saline, to be cooled from room temperature (25°C) to about 0.1°C to 10°C, more specifically to about 1°C to 6°C, and even more specifically to 3°C to 5°C, at a flow rate of about 100 mL / min.

[0117] Referring to FIG. 19A, an inlet port 402 is formed at the second end 450a of the fluid passage 450 and is in fluid communication with an inlet supply line 414a, which is in fluid communication with the fluid container 422. An outlet port 408 is formed at the second end 450b of the fluid passage 450 and is in fluid communication with an outlet supply line 414b. This portion of the supply line 414 is in fluid communication with the pump 430 and then leads to the treatment device 420 within the patient through the bronchoscope 418. In some embodiments, the inlet port 402 and the outlet port 408 begin at a depth deeper than the depth of the fluid passage 450 and have a depth equal to the depth of the fluid passage. ​​​​​​​​​​​​It can have an inclined outer shape that slopes downward at an angle. This allows for a head space within the system to collect bubbles and pool the inlet fluid. In other words, any gas within the system is directed upward to the head space of ports 402 and 408.

[0118] The heat exchanger cartridge 428 has an outer shape that allows the cartridge 428 to be inserted into the space between the hinged door 437 and the thermal plate 438 of the cooling device 436. For example, during use, the cartridge 428 can be inserted into the opening 443 when the hinged door 437 is open. When the hinged door 437 is closed, the cartridge 428 is biased against the thermal plate 438 of the cooling device 436, thereby sandwiching the cartridge 428 between the hinged door 437 and the thermal plate 438 of the cooling device 436 as further discussed above. In some embodiments, an opening 443 defined in the front plate 434 can be further disposed beside the cartridge 428. In some embodiments, the heat exchanger cartridge 428 can include one or more notches 479 defined within one or more edges of the cartridge 428. The notches 479 can be sized to receive the split pins 481 of the front plate 434 for the purpose of ensuring that the cartridge 428 is inserted in the orientation that allows for normal operation.

[0119] Referring now to FIG. 20, a perspective view of a coaxial bag spike assembly 423 for coupling a fluid container 422 to a system 410 according to one aspect of the present disclosure is shown. In some embodiments, the supply line 414 and the return line 416 are part of the coaxial bag spike assembly 423 (e.g., ​ (see also FIGS. 15-16) and can be connected to a fluid container 422 within a single location. In this embodiment, the return line 416 is in fluid communication with the inner passage 425, and the supply line 414 is in fluid communication with an outer passage 427 that is coaxial with the inner passage 425. Both the inner passage 425 and the outer passage 427 are in fluid communication with the fluid container 422 and the fluid 424 within the fluid container 422, but are separated from each other. On the other hand, the reverse configuration can also be considered.

[0120] In one embodiment, the assembly 423 is inserted through the lumen of an injection molded non-vented spike female luer 500 having an inner diameter 502 that is larger than the inner diameter 431 of the hypodermic tube 429. The hypodermic tube 429 having an inner diameter 431 is provided to create a coaxial outer passage 427 and inner passage 425. The assembly 423 may further include an injection molded vented spike cap 504 coupled to the first end of the female luer 500 for fluidly coupling the fluid container 422 to the outer and inner passages 425. The assembly 423 may also include an injection molded bag spike adapter 506 having a first port 508 for coupling the incoming supply line 414 to the outer passage 427 and a second port 510 for coupling the outlet supply line 316 to the inner passage 425 of the hypodermic tube 429. The reverse configuration (i.e., coupling the incoming supply line 414 to the second port 510 and the outlet supply line 416 to the first port 508) can also be considered.

[0121] The inner diameter 431 of the hypodermic tube is preferably sized to control the back pressure in the treatment system 417 or to enable the pressure in the expandable member of the treatment device. Any Optionally, various clamps ( not shown) can be used at any location along supply line 414 and / or return line 416 to further regulate the supply flow and / or return flow of fluid entering and exiting container 422. Thus, coaxial double spike 423 eliminates the need for separate supply and return spikes by enabling fluid 424 to enter and exit the fluid container simultaneously and flow through the same location in container 422.

[0122] The various embodiments and aspects described above can be combined to provide further embodiments and aspects. Based on the description detailed above, these variations and other changes can be made to the embodiments. The aspects, embodiments, features, systems, devices, materials, methods, and techniques described herein may, in some embodiments, be similar to any one or more of the embodiments, features, systems, devices, materials, methods, and techniques described in U.S. Patent No. 8,088,127, filed November 11, 2010, International Application No. PCT / US2010 / 056424 (International Publication No. 2011 / 060200), filed October 27, 2010, U.S. Patent Application No. 12 / 913,702, filed November 11, 2010, U.S. Patent Application No. 12 / 944,666, filed November 11, 2010, U.S. Patent Application No. 13 / 081,406, filed April 6, 2011, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61 / 543,759. Each of these applications is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety herein. Further, the aspects, embodiments, features, systems, devices, materials, methods, and techniques described in this specification may, in some embodiments, be similar to any one or more of the embodiments, features, systems, devices, materials, methods, and techniques disclosed in the above-mentioned applications and patents. [[ID=2,6]]One or more of these may be the same. This is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety herein. Further, the aspects, embodiments, features, systems, devices, materials, methods, and techniques described in this specification may, in some embodiments, be similar to any one or more of the embodiments, features, systems, devices, materials, methods, and techniques described in the above-mentioned applications and patents. In some embodiments, the aspects, embodiments, features, systems, devices, materials, methods, and techniques described herein may be similar to any one or more of the embodiments, features, ​Applied or used in connection with any one or more of systems, devices, materials, methods, and techniques It may be.

[0123] Unless the context requires a different interpretation, throughout the specification and the subsequent claims the terms "comprise," "comprises," and "comprising" and their variations are to be construed in an open, inclusive sense, that is, as "including, but not limited to" and are to be so construed.

[0124] Generally, in the following claims, the terms used are not to be construed as limiting the claims to the specific embodiments and aspects disclosed in the specification and the claims but rather are to be construed to cover all possible embodiments and aspects for which such claims confer rights, together with the full scope of their equivalents. Accordingly, the claims are not limited by the disclosure by this application. This application provides an invention having the following configuration. (Configuration 1) A system for treating a patient, a fluid cooling supply device configured to draw a fluid through a heat exchanger at a negative pressure to cool the fluid and deliver the cooled fluid to the patient at a positive pressure, an energy delivery device positioned within the patient, coupled to the fluid cooling supply device, and the fluid cooling supply device configured to circulate the cooled fluid through the energy delivery device to cool the energy delivery device during treatment of the patient, said energy delivery device, and said system comprising the same. (Configuration 2) ​​​​​The fluid cooling supply device is further provided with a pump positioned within the supply path between the heat exchanger and the energy delivery device, the pump being configured to draw out the fluid through the heat exchanger and to circulate the fluid through the energy delivery device, the system according to Configuration 1. The fluid cooling supply device is further provided with a heat exchanger cartridge coupled to the fluid cooling supply device, the heat exchanger cartridge having a heat transfer surface and a fluid passage extending through the cartridge, at least a portion of the fluid passage being disposed adjacent to the heat transfer surface, the fluid passage being in fluid communication with the energy delivery device, the system according to Configuration 1. The fluid cooling supply device is further provided with a heat exchanger cartridge coupled to the fluid cooling supply device, the heat exchanger cartridge having a heat transfer surface and a fluid passage extending through the cartridge, at least a portion of the fluid passage being disposed adjacent to the heat transfer surface, the fluid passage being in fluid communication with the energy delivery device, the system according to Configuration 1. The fluid cooling supply device is further provided with a heat exchanger cartridge coupled to the fluid cooling supply device, the heat exchanger cartridge having a heat transfer surface and a fluid passage extending through the cartridge, at least a portion of the fluid passage being disposed adjacent to the heat transfer surface, the fluid passage being in fluid communication with the energy delivery device, the system according to Configuration 1. (Configuration 3) The fluid cooling supply device is further provided with a heat exchanger cartridge coupled to the fluid cooling supply device, the heat exchanger cartridge having a heat transfer surface and a fluid passage extending through the cartridge, at least a portion of the fluid passage being disposed adjacent to the heat transfer surface, the fluid passage being in fluid communication with the energy delivery device, the system according to Configuration 1. The fluid cooling supply device is further provided with a heat exchanger cartridge coupled to the fluid cooling supply device, the heat exchanger cartridge having a heat transfer surface and a fluid passage extending through the cartridge, at least a portion of the fluid passage being disposed adjacent to the heat transfer surface, the fluid passage being in fluid communication with the energy delivery device, the system according to Configuration 1. The fluid cooling supply device is further provided with a heat exchanger cartridge coupled to the fluid cooling supply device, the heat exchanger cartridge having a heat transfer surface and a fluid passage extending through the cartridge, at least a portion of the fluid passage being disposed adjacent to the heat transfer surface, the fluid passage being in fluid communication with the energy delivery device, the system according to Configuration 1. The fluid cooling supply device is further provided with a heat exchanger cartridge coupled to the fluid cooling supply device, the heat exchanger cartridge having a heat transfer surface and a fluid passage extending through the cartridge, at least a portion of the fluid passage being disposed adjacent to the heat transfer surface, the fluid passage being in fluid communication with the energy delivery device, the system according to Configuration 1. (Configuration 4) During the treatment of the patient, the temperature of the fluid delivered by the fluid cooling supply device is maintained such that the temperature in the energy delivery device is 20°C or less, the system according to Configuration 1. During the treatment of the patient, the temperature of the fluid delivered by the fluid cooling supply device is maintained such that the temperature in the energy delivery device is 20°C or less, the system according to Configuration 1. During the treatment of the patient, the temperature of the fluid delivered by the fluid cooling supply device is maintained such that the temperature in the energy delivery device is 20°C or less, the system according to Configuration 1. (Configuration 5) During the treatment of the patient, the temperature of the fluid delivered by the fluid cooling supply device is maintained such that the temperature in the energy delivery device is maintained at 20°C to -5°C, the system according to Configuration 1. During the treatment of the patient, the temperature of the fluid delivered by the fluid cooling supply device is maintained such that the temperature in the energy delivery device is maintained at 20°C to -5°C, the system according to Configuration 1. During the treatment of the patient, the temperature of the fluid delivered by the fluid cooling supply device is maintained such that the temperature in the energy delivery device is maintained at 20°C to -5°C, the system according to Configuration 1. (Configuration 6) During the treatment of the patient, the temperature of the fluid delivered by the fluid cooling supply device is maintained such that the temperature in the energy delivery device is maintained at 5°C to -2°C, the system according to Configuration 1. During the treatment of the patient, the temperature of the fluid delivered by the fluid cooling supply device is maintained such that the temperature in the energy delivery device is maintained at 5°C to -2°C, the system according to Configuration 1. During the treatment of the patient, the temperature of the fluid delivered by the fluid cooling supply device is maintained such that the temperature in the energy delivery device is maintained at 5°C to -2°C, the system according to Configuration 1. (Configuration 7) The temperature of the fluid delivered by the fluid cooling supply device is a temperature such that the temperature in the energy delivery device is maintained at 20°C to -5°C, the energy delivery device The temperature of the fluid delivered by the fluid cooling supply device is a temperature such that the temperature in the energy delivery device is maintained at 20°C to -5°C, the energy delivery device The temperature in the vice is maintained over a selected amount of time in the treatment portion of the patient's treatment. The system according to Configuration 1. (Configuration 8) The system according to Configuration 7, wherein the selected amount of time for the treatment portion is less than 60 seconds. . (Configuration 9) The system according to Configuration 7, wherein the selected amount of time for the treatment portion is 60 seconds to 120 seconds. System. (Configuration 10) The energy delivery device comprises an electrode adapted to deliver energy to a target tissue of the patient, and during treatment, the fluid circulates from the fluid cooling supply device through the energy delivery device, and the energy delivery device comprises at least one lumen that enables cooling of the electrode. The system according to Configuration 1. The system according to Configuration 1. The system according to Configuration 1. (Configuration 11) The energy delivery device comprises an electrode coupled to a cooling member, and the electrode and the cooling member are disposed adjacent to the airway wall of the patient, and delivery of energy to the electrode and circulation of cooled fluid through the cooling member damage nerve tissue, thereby attenuating nervous system signals in the patient. The system according to Configuration 1. The system according to Configuration 1. The system according to Configuration 1. (Configuration 12) The energy delivery device is configured to deliver the cooled fluid to the patient at a flow rate of 70 milliliters per minute to 160 milliliters per minute. The system according to Configuration 1. (Configuration 13) The fluid cooling supply device further comprises a pump positioned downstream of the energy delivery device in the return path, and the pump is configured to draw the fluid through the heat exchanger and the energy delivery vice. The system according to Configuration 1. The system according to Configuration 1. (Configuration 14) The fluid cooling supply device is a pump positioned within a supply path between the heat exchanger and the energy delivery device, configured to draw the fluid through the heat exchanger and configured to circulate the fluid through the energy delivery device, the system according to Configuration 1 further comprising the pump and an auxiliary pump positioned downstream of the energy delivery device in a return path and configured to cooperate with the pump to circulate the fluid. (Configuration 15) The system according to Configuration 1 further comprises an elastomer coupled to the fluid cooling supply device, the elastomer having a fluid passage extending therethrough, at least a portion of the fluid passage being disposed adjacent to the heat transfer surface, and the fluid passage being in fluid communication with the energy delivery device. (Configuration 16) The system according to Configuration 15 further comprises a biasing device removably coupled to the elastomer, the biasing device being configured to bias the elastomer with a given force to cool the fluid to a temperature below a selected temperature. (Configuration 17) The system according to Configuration 15, wherein the elastic bag has a heat transfer surface and at least a portion of the fluid passage is disposed adjacent to the heat transfer surface. (Configuration 18) A method of treating a patient, comprising providing a cooling system for cooling a fluid and delivering the fluid to the patient, the cooling system having a fluid heat exchanger, positioning an ablation assembly of a delivery device within the airway of the patient such that the ablation assembly is juxtaposed against the wall of the airway. ​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​The ablation assembly has electrodes, couple the fluid heat exchanger to the ablation assembly such that the fluid heat exchanger and the ablation assembly are in fluid communication with each other, cool the fluid in the fluid heat exchanger using the cooling device, circulate the fluid from the fluid heat exchanger through the delivery device and simultaneously deliver energy to the electrodes to heat treat tissue, treating the tissue located adjacent to the airway of the patient, and wherein the method comprises the steps above. (Configuration 19) The method according to Configuration 18, further comprising causing the heat treatment of the tissue to damage the nerve tissue of the nerve trunk and attenuate the nerve signals transmitted to a part of the bronchial tree. (Configuration 20) The method according to Configuration 18, further comprising drawing the fluid through the fluid heat exchanger at a negative pressure to supply the fluid to the delivery device. (Configuration 21) The method according to Configuration 18, further comprising treating the tissue by supplying the cooled fluid to the delivery device at a positive pressure. (Configuration 22) The method according to Configuration 18, wherein circulating the fluid comprises supplying the fluid to the delivery device and maintaining the temperature at the delivery device at 20°C or less during treatment of the patient. (Configuration 23) The method according to Configuration 18, wherein circulating the fluid comprises supplying the fluid to the delivery device and maintaining the temperature at the delivery device between 20°C and -5°C during treatment of the patient. (Configuration 24) Circulating the fluid includes supplying the fluid to the delivery device during treatment of the patient such that the temperature in the delivery device is maintained between 5°C and -2°C, Configuration 1 The method according to item 8 (Configuration 25) Cooling the fluid includes conducting heat from the fluid in the heat exchanger to a temperature of 5 °C or lower during treatment of the patient, the method according to Configuration 18 (Configuration 26) Cooling the fluid includes conducting heat from the fluid in the heat exchanger to a temperature of 5 °C to -2°C during treatment of the patient, the method according to Configuration 18 (Configuration 27) Further including maintaining a selected temperature in the delivery device over a selected interval between each of a plurality of tissue treatments of the patient the method according to Configuration 18 (Configuration 28) The method according to Configuration 27, wherein the selected interval for each tissue treatment is less than 60 seconds (Configuration 29) The method according to Configuration 27, wherein the selected temperature is between 20°C and -5°C (Configuration 30) Including pumping the fluid at a flow rate of 70 milliliters per minute to 160 milliliters per minute the method according to Configuration 18 (Configuration 31) Including delivering the fluid to the patient at a pressure of 25 psi to 150 psi the method according to Configuration 18 (Configuration 32) Including biasing the fluid heat exchanger to a cooling device of the cooling system, the fluid[[ID=4)]] heat exchanger comprising an elastomer having a fluid passage extending through the elastomer, the fluid passage being in fluid communication with the ablation assembly, the method according to Configuration 18 (Configuration 33) including biasing the fluid heat exchanger toward a cooling device of the cooling system, the fluid heat exchanger comprising a cartridge having a fluid passage extending therethrough , the fluid passage being in fluid communication with the ablation assembly, the method of Configuration 18. (Configuration 34) A fluid cooling system for heat treating a fluid for patient treatment, a cooling device comprising a thermal plate, and a heat exchanger removably coupled to the cooling device, the heat exchanger having a heat transfer surface and a fluid passage extending therethrough, at least a portion of the fluid passage being disposed adjacent to the heat transfer surface, the heat exchanger; and at least one biasing mechanism disposed to removably couple the heat exchanger to the cooling device, the heat transfer surface being biased against the thermal plate of the cooling device to conduct heat from the fluid, the at least one biasing mechanism; and the system comprising the same. (Configuration 35) The heat exchanger is a disposable heat exchanger cartridge, and the at least one biasing mechanism comprises two pairs of biasing mechanisms, each pair being located at opposite ends of the cartridge, the system of Configuration 34. (Configuration 36) The cartridge is configured to be in a first state when disconnected from the cooling device and in a second state when engaged with the cooling device, the first state including the heat transfer surface of the cartridge having a first outer shape that is convex with respect to the thermal plate, the second state including the heat transfer surface of the cartridge being flat against the thermal plate, the ​​having a second outer shape that is substantially flat with respect to the cartridge, the heat transfer surface of the cartridge and the thermal plates being substantially biased with respect to each other to cause heat conduction from the fluid The system according to configuration 35, including being configured as such. (Configuration 37) When the cooling device is engaged with the cartridge, the at least one biasing mechanism coupled to the at least one biasing mechanism of the cartridge, the system according to configuration 35, including a peripheral portion having a corresponding biasing mechanism. The system according to configuration 35, including a peripheral portion having a corresponding biasing mechanism. (Configuration 38) The at least one biasing mechanism and the at least one corresponding biasing mechanism are each composed of a plurality of magnets that can attract each other, and a given biasing force is applied between the cartridge and the cooling device to cause heat conduction from the fluid, the system according to configuration 37. The system according to configuration 37. (Configuration 39) The cartridge includes a first plate and a second plate coupled to each other, and the first plate includes the heat transfer surface having a thickness of at least 0.01 inches or less, the system according to configuration 35. The system according to configuration 35. (Configuration 40) The second plate includes a heat insulating material and a groove defining the fluid passage, the system according to configuration 39. The system according to configuration 39. (Configuration 41) The fluid passage includes at least one corner adjacent to a transition portion between a first side wall and a second side wall of the fluid passage, and the at least one corner is configured such that bubbles are not trapped adjacent to the at least one corner during operation of the system, the system according to configuration 35. The system according to configuration 35. The system according to configuration 35. The system according to configuration 35. (Configuration 42) The cartridge further includes an input port and an output port that are in fluid communication with the fluid passage for supplying fluid to the treatment device positioned within the patient and in fluid communication with each other. The system according to Configuration 35. (Configuration 43) The system according to Configuration 35, further comprising a variable-volume container housed within the cartridge, wherein the fluid is drawn from an outlet of the container and supplied to the patient. (Configuration 44) The system according to Configuration 35, further comprising self-alignment means for automatic alignment of the cartridge and automatic biasing of the cartridge with respect to the cooling device. (Configuration 45) The system according to Configuration 34, further comprising at least one control device coupled to the cooling device to adjust the amount of heat conduction from the fluid. (Configuration 46) The system according to Configuration 34, further comprising a pump configured to adjust the amount of fluid circulating through the system, the pump being positioned adjacent to the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger including a negative fluid pressure. (Configuration 47) The method according to Configuration 46, wherein the pump is configured to circulate the fluid at a flow rate of 70 milliliters per minute to 160 milliliters per minute. (Configuration 48) The method according to Configuration 46, wherein the pump is configured to deliver the fluid to the patient at a pressure of 25 psi to 150 psi. (Configuration 49) The method according to Configuration 46, further comprising a pump positioned downstream of the treatment device positioned within the patient in the return path, the pump being configured to draw the fluid from the heat exchanger through the treatment device. ​(Configuration 50) a heat exchanger in fluid communication with the fluid passageway and a treatment device positioned within the patient; 35. The system of claim 34, further comprising a supply line. (Configuration 51) a supply line in fluid communication with the fluid passage, positioned within the patient, and a treatment device positioned within the patient's bronchus. 35. The system of claim 34, in fluid communication with (Configuration 52) a pulmonary treatment system having a bronchoscope and a treatment device, the treatment device a heat exchanger positioned adjacent to the patient's lung tissue, the heat exchanger being in fluid communication with the treatment device; 35. The system of claim 34, wherein the system supplies chilled fluid to the patient during treatment. (Configuration 53) 35. The system of claim 34, wherein the heat exchanger is an elastic material. (Configuration 54) The at least one biasing mechanism is a plate removably coupled to the elastic body. The plate is a thermal plate, and the elastic body is positioned between the plate and the thermal plate. 54. The system of embodiment 53, wherein the elastic body is removably coupled to the elastic body as determined. (Configuration 55) The elastic bodies are in fluid communication with each other and with a treatment device positioned within the patient. an input port and an output port in fluid communication with the fluid passage for supplying fluid thereto; The system described in 53. (Configuration 56) 1. A disposable heat exchanger cartridge for thermally treating a fluid for the treatment of a patient, comprising: a thermally conductive surface and a fluid passage extending through the cartridge, the fluid passage having a minimum thickness of 100 microns; a heat transfer surface and a fluid passageway, at least a portion of which is disposed adjacent to the heat transfer surface; , At least arranged to removably couple the cartridge to a cooling device One biasing mechanism that causes the heat transfer surface to conductively cool the fluid Said at least one biasing mechanism, Said cartridge comprising. (Configuration 57) Said at least one biasing mechanism comprises two pairs of magnets, each pair being positioned at opposite ends of the cartridge, and each pair being attractable to the cooling device to improve interfacial contact between the cartridge and the cooling device and increase heat exchange efficiency, the cartridge according to Configuration 56 described. described. Cartridge. (Configuration 58) The cartridge according to Configuration 56, formed to be in a first state when detached from the cooling device and in a second state when engaged with the cooling device described. (Configuration 59) Said first state includes the cartridge having a substantially convex outer shape, and said second state includes the cartridge having a substantially rectangular outer shape, the cartridge according to Configuration 58 described. Cartridge. (Configuration 60) Said at least one biasing mechanism is composed of a plurality of magnets attractable to the cooling device, and applies a given biasing force to the cartridge to cause heat conduction from the fluid, the cartridge according to Configuration 56 described. Cartridge. (Configuration 61) Further comprising a first plate and a second plate coupled to each other, said first plate having said heat transfer surface, and said first plate having a thickness of at least 0.01 inches or less, the cartridge according to Configuration 56 described. Cartridge. (Configuration 62) Configuration 6, wherein the second plate is made of a heat insulating material and has a groove defining the fluid passage The cartridge according to claim 1 (Configuration 63) The fluid passage has at least one corner adjacent to the transition portion between the first side wall and the second side wall of the fluid passage And at least one corner is configured such that no bubbles are trapped adjacent to the at least one corner during operation of the system. The cartridge according to Configuration 56 ridge (Configuration 64) The cartridge according to Configuration 56, further comprising an input port and an output port that are in fluid communication with each other and in fluid communication with the fluid passage (Configuration 65) The cartridge according to Configuration 56, further comprising a variable volume container housed within the cartridge, wherein the fluid is withdrawn from the container and supplied to the patient (Configuration 66) The cartridge according to Configuration 56, further comprising self - alignment means for automatic alignment and automatic biasing of the cartridge when engaged with the cooling device (Configuration 67) A liquid cooling system for heat - treating a fluid for patient treatment, comprising A cooling device having a thermal plate A disposable heat exchanger cartridge removably coupled to the cooling device, having A heat - conducting surface and a fluid passage extending through the cartridge, at least a portion of the fluid passage being disposed adjacent to the heat - conducting surface. The disposable heat exchanger cartridge And At least one biasing mechanism arranged to removably couple the cartridge to the cooling device, wherein the heat - conducting surface is the thermal plate of the cooling device ​​​​​​biased against and adapted to conduct heat from the fluid, said at least one biasing me chanism; and the system comprising the same. (Configuration 68) the at least one biasing mechanism is operable between a first position for engaging the cartridge with the cooling device and a second position for disengaging the cartridge from the cooling device, a system according to Configuration 67. position; (Configuration 69) the cam system comprises a cam lever and a camshaft having at least one cam lobe, a system according to Configuration 68. (Configuration 70) the first position of the cam system is a locking configuration such that the heat transfer surface of the cartridge is biased against the thermal plate to effect heat transfer, and the second position is an unlocking configuration such that the cartridge can be removed from the cooling device, a system according to Configuration 68. (Configuration 71) the system further comprises a front plate coupled to the cooling device and the cam system, the front plate having a slot sized to slidably receive the cartridge, a system according to Configuration 67. (Configuration 72) the front plate comprises an upper biasing surface and a lower biasing surface, the upper biasing surface and the lower biasing surface are not parallel to the thermal plate respectively, the cartridge comprises a corresponding upper angled surface and a corresponding lower angled surface, the corresponding upper angled surface and the corresponding lower angled surface are not parallel to the thermal plate respectively, and each is parallel to the upper biasing surface and the lower biasing surface of the front plate respectively, the cartridge being the ​​​​​​​​​ The system according to configuration 71, configured to be slidably received within the slot. (Configuration 73) The at least one biasing mechanism engages the cartridge with the cooling device and a second position for disengaging the cartridge from the cooling device and includes a cam system operable therebetween, the first position including biasing the cam system against the upper biasing surface of the front plate, such that the heat transfer surface and the thermal plate are biased against each other with a given force. The system according to configuration 72. (Configuration 74) The cartridge includes a first plate and a second plate coupled to each other, the first plate including the heat transfer surface, and the second plate including a heat insulating material and a groove defining the fluid passageway The system according to configuration 67. (Configuration 75) The fluid passageway includes at least one corner proximate a transition between a first sidewall and a second sidewall of the fluid passageway, the at least one corner configured such that during operation of the system, bubbles are not trapped proximate the at least one corner. The system according to configuration 67. The system according to configuration 67. The system according to configuration 67. (Configuration 76) The second plate includes a variable volume container, and the fluid is drawn from the container and supplied to the patient. The system according to configuration 74. The system according to configuration 74. (Configuration 77) The system further includes a pump configured to regulate the amount of fluid circulating through the system, the pump positioned adjacent the cartridge such that the fluid within the cartridge has a negative fluid pressure. The system according to configuration 67. The system according to configuration 67. (Configuration 78) The pump circulates the fluid at a flow rate of 70 milliliters to 160 milliliters per minute The system according to configuration 77, configured as such. (Configuration 79) The pump is configured to deliver the fluid at a pressure of 25 psi to 150 psi, the system according to configuration 77 described. (Configuration 80) Further comprising a pump positioned downstream of a treatment device positioned within the patient, the pump being configured to draw the fluid through the treatment device, the system according to configuration 67 described. (Configuration 81) The system according to configuration 67, further comprising a supply line fluidly communicating the fluid passage of the cartridge and a treatment device positioned within the patient and. (Configuration 82) Further comprising a supply line fluidly communicating with the fluid passage, at least a portion of the supply line being positioned inside the patient and fluidly communicating with a treatment device positioned inside the bronchus of the patient The system according to configuration 67. (Configuration 83) Further comprising a lung treatment system having a bronchoscope and a treatment device, the treatment device being positioned adjacent to the lung tissue of the patient, the cartridge being fluidly connected to the treatment device to supply cooled fluid to the patient during treatment, the system according to configuration 67. through. (Configuration 84) A method for cooling a fluid for treating a patient, comprising urging a heat exchanger cartridge against a thermal plate of a cooling device, the heat exchanger cartridge having a fluid passage and at least one biasing mechanism for removably attaching the heat exchanger cartridge to the cooling device and. having. Removing the heat exchanger cartridge from the cooling device, urging a replacement heat exchanger cartridge against the thermal plate of the cooling device, wherein the replacement heat exchanger cartridge has a fluid passage and at least one biasing mechanism for removably attaching the replacement heat exchanger cartridge to the cooling device, and the method as described above. (Configuration 85) The method according to Configuration 84, wherein biasing the cartridge includes applying a given biasing force between the cartridge and the cooling device by using a magnetic force. (Configuration 86) The method according to Configuration 85, wherein the given biasing force is at least 10 pounds of force. (Configuration 87) The method according to Configuration 85, wherein the given biasing force is a force between 10 pounds and 60 pounds. (Configuration 88) The method according to Configuration 84, wherein biasing the cartridge includes biasing a heat transfer surface of the cartridge against the thermal plate, and at least a portion of the heat transfer surface is adjacent to the fluid passage of the cartridge. (Configuration 89) The method according to Configuration 84, further including pumping the fluid through the heat exchanger cartridge for fluid delivery to the patient. (Configuration 90) The method according to Configuration 84, further including supplying cooled fluid to a treatment device positioned adjacent to the lung tissue of the patient during a lung treatment. (Configuration 91) The method according to Configuration 84, wherein biasing the heat exchanger cartridge further includes operating a cam system to engage and bias the cartridge against the thermal plate. ​​​​​​​​Method (Configuration 92) Removing the heat exchanger cartridge includes operating the cam system to disengage and disengaging the cartridge from the thermal plate, Configuration 84 The method described (Configuration 93) Operating the cam system includes moving a cam lever and a camshaft to the engaged state and biasing the cartridge against the thermal plate, Configuration 91 described The method (Configuration 94) A liquid cooling system for heat-treating a fluid for patient treatment, comprising A cooling device comprising a thermal plate, A heat exchanger coupled to the cooling device, comprising a heat transfer surface and a fluid passage extending therethrough, at least a portion of the fluid passage being disposed adjacent to the heat transfer surface, the heat exchanger A pump positioned downstream of the fluid passage of the heat exchanger, adapted to draw fluid through the fluid passage at a negative pressure and provide the fluid to a treatment device at a positive pressure, the pump The system comprising (Configuration 95) The pump comprises a forward gear and a reverse gear, the reverse gear being adapted to reverse the flow of the fluid through the heat exchanger and remove gas from the system, Configuration 94 described The system (Configuration 96) The pump provides fluid at a flow rate of 70 milliliters per minute to 160 milliliters per minute, Configuration 94 described The system (Configuration 97) The pump is configured to deliver the fluid at a pressure of 25 psi to 150 psi, Configuration 94 ​​​​​​The system described. (Composition 98) the heat exchanger is positioned substantially perpendicular to the heat exchanger plate. 94. The system described in (Composition 99) 95. The system of embodiment 94, wherein the positive pressure is at least 80 psi. (Configuration 100) 95. The system of claim 94, wherein the fluid returned to the heat exchanger is at or below 10 psi. (Configuration 101) and a secondary pump positioned downstream of the treatment device, the pump 95. The method of claim 94, further comprising drawing the fluid from the exchanger through the treatment device. system. (Configuration 102) The heat exchanger includes a cardboard having a first plate and a second plate joined together. a heat transfer surface, the first plate comprising the heat transfer surface and the second plate comprising the heat transfer surface; 95. The system of embodiment 94, comprising a groove defining a body passageway. (Configuration 103) The fluid passage has at least one sidewall adjacent to a transition between the first and second sidewalls of the fluid passage. and wherein the at least one corner is adapted to move relative to the at least one corner during operation of the system. 103. The system of claim 102, wherein the system is configured to prevent air bubbles from being trapped proximate one corner. Hmm. (Configuration 104) 94. The method of claim 94, wherein the heat exchanger is an elastic body having a membrane, the membrane being the heat transfer surface. system. (Configuration 105) 105. The system of aspect 104, wherein the elastic body comprises a serpentine groove that defines the fluid passageway. . (Configuration 106) 1. A method of cooling a fluid for treatment of a patient, comprising: Drawing coolant through a heat exchanger at a negative pressure to cool the coolant, supplying the cooled coolant to a treatment device positioned within the patient at a positive pressure and, circulating the coolant through the treatment device The method comprising: (Configuration 107) The method according to Configuration 106, wherein the positive pressure is at least 80 psi. (Configuration 108) The method according to Configuration 106, wherein the return pressure to the heat exchanger is 10 psi or less. (Configuration 109) The method according to Configuration 106, further comprising adjusting the amount of heat conduction from the fluid. (Configuration 110) The method according to Configuration 10, further comprising adjusting the volume of fluid supplied for treating the patient. 6. (Configuration 111) The method according to Configuration 106, further comprising biasing the heat exchanger against a cooling device. (Configuration 112) The method according to Configuration 106, further comprising positioning the treatment device within the bronchus of the patient to receive the circulated cooled fluid. (Configuration 113) Positioning a pump downstream of the heat exchanger, using the pump to pump the fluid in reverse through the heat exchanger to substantially remove gas from the heat exchanger, and, The method according to Configuration 106, further comprising: (Configuration 114) Supplying the cooled coolant to the treatment device includes pushing out the cooled coolant using a pump, and circulating the cooled coolant includes pulling the coolant out of the treatment device using an auxiliary pump. The method according to Configuration 106. (Configuration 115) The cooled coolant is circulated at a flow rate of 70 to 160 milliliters per minute. 107. The method of claim 106. (Configuration 116) The chilled fluid is supplied to the treatment device at a pressure of 25 psi to 150 psi. The method described in 06. (Configuration 117) and energizing the heat exchanger against a cooling device, the heat exchanger 107. The method of embodiment 106, wherein the cartridge has a fluid passageway in communication with the chair. (Configuration 118) and energizing the heat exchanger against a cooling device, the heat exchanger The method of aspect 106, wherein the elastic body has a fluid passageway in fluid communication with the chair. (Configuration 119) 1. A liquid cooling system for thermally treating a fluid for patient treatment, comprising: a cooling device comprising a thermal plate; an elastomer removably coupled to the cooling device, the elastomer having a thermally conductive surface; and a fluid passage extending through the thermally conductive surface, at least a portion of the fluid passage being in contact with the thermally conductive surface. The elastic body is disposed adjacent to the elastic body. At least one resilient member arranged to removably couple the elastic body to the cooling device. a biasing mechanism for biasing the thermally conductive surface against the thermal plate of the cooling device; the at least one biasing mechanism being biased by a biasing member to conduct heat from the fluid. And, The system comprising: (Configuration 120) The at least one biasing mechanism engages the elastic body with the cooling device. and a second position for separating the elastic body from the cooling device. The system according to Configuration 119, comprising a cam system capable of operation. (Configuration 121) The system according to Configuration 120, wherein the cam system comprises a cam lever and a camshaft having at least one cam lobe. The system according to Configuration 120, wherein the first position of the cam system is a locking configuration such that the heat transfer surface of the elastomer is biased against the thermal plate to cause heat conduction, and the second position is (Configuration 122) a unlocking configuration such that the elastomer can be removed from the cooling device. The system according to Configuration 120. The system according to Configuration 120. (Configuration 123) The system according to Configuration 119, wherein the at least one biasing mechanism is operable between a first position for engaging the elastomer with the cooling device and a second position for disengaging the elastomer from the cooling device, and the first position comprises a cam system for biasing the elastomer against the thermal plate with a given force. The system according to Configuration 119. (Configuration 124) The system according to Configuration 119, further comprising a pump configured to adjust the amount of fluid circulating through the system, wherein the pump is positioned adjacent to the elastomer such that the fluid within the elastomer has a negative fluid pressure The system according to Configuration 119. (Configuration 125) The system according to Configuration 124, wherein the pump is configured to circulate the fluid at a flow rate of 70 milliliters per minute to 160 milliliters per minute. The system according to Configuration 124. (Configuration 126) The system according to Configuration 124, wherein the pump is configured to deliver the fluid at a pressure of 25 psi to 150 psi. The system according to Configuration 124. (Configuration 127) in fluid communication with the fluid passage of the elastomer and a treatment device positioned within the patient The system according to Configuration 119, further comprising a supply line. (Configuration 128) further comprising a supply line in fluid communication with the fluid passage, at least a part of the supply line is positioned inside the patient and is in fluid communication with a treatment device positioned inside the bronchus of the patient The system according to Configuration 119. (Configuration 129) further comprising a lung treatment system having a bronchoscope and a treatment device, the treatment device being positioned adjacent to the lung tissue of the patient, and the elastomer being in fluid communication with the treatment device to supply a cooled fluid to the patient during treatment. The system according to Configuration 119. (Configuration 130) A method for cooling a fluid for treating a patient, comprising: urging an elastomer against a thermal plate of a cooling device, the elastomer having a fluid passage and being urged against the thermal plate by at least one biasing mechanism removing the elastomer from the cooling device urging a replacement elastomer against the thermal plate of the cooling device using the at least one biasing mechanism The method as described above. (Configuration 131) urging the elastomer includes applying a given biasing force to the elastomer. The method according to Configuration 130 The method according to Configuration 131, wherein the given biasing force is at least 10 pounds of force. (Configuration 132) (Configuration 133) The method according to Configuration 131, wherein the given biasing force is a force between 10 pounds and 60 pounds. (Configuration 134) (Configuration 135) (Configuration 136) (Configuration 137) (Configuration 138) (Configuration 139) further pumping the fluid through the elastomer for delivery of the fluid to the patient The method according to Configuration 130, further comprising. (Configuration 135) During the lung treatment, further comprising supplying a cooled fluid to a treatment device positioned adjacent to the lung tissue of the patient The method according to Configuration 130, further comprising. (Configuration 136) Biasing the elastomer further comprises actuating a cam system to an engaged state to bias the elastomer against the thermal plate The method according to Configuration 130, further comprising. (Configuration 137) Removing the elastomer comprises actuating the cam system to a disengaged state to disengage the elastomer from the thermal plate The method according to Configuration 130, further comprising. (Configuration 138) Actuating the cam system comprises moving a cam lever and a cam shaft to the engaged state to bias the elastomer against the thermal plate The method according to Configuration 137, further comprising. The method. (Configuration 139) A disposable heat exchanger cartridge for heat treating a fluid for treatment of a patient, comprising a plate having a heat transfer surface and a thermoformed tray having recesses or grooves defined therein, the thermoformed tray being coupled to the heat transfer surface thereby defining a fluid passage extending through the cartridge the thermoformed tray, and being configured such that the cartridge is removably coupleable to a cooling device, the heat transfer surface being configured to conductively cool the fluid The cartridge. The thermoformed tray, and being configured such that the cartridge is removably coupleable to a cooling device, the heat transfer surface being configured to conductively cool the fluid The cartridge. The cartridge. (Configuration 140) The cartridge according to Configuration 139, wherein the plate has a thickness of at least 0.01 inches or less The cartridge. (Configuration 141) The cartridge according to Configuration 140, wherein the plate contains copper and the heat transfer surface contains a silver layer. . (Configuration 142) The cartridge according to Configuration 141, wherein the silver layer has a thickness of about 0.5 microns to 1 micron. (Configuration 143) An inlet port coupled to a first end of the fluid passage and in fluid communication with a fluid container external to the fluid passage and the cartridge, and an outlet port coupled to a second end of the fluid passage and in fluid communication with a pumping mechanism external to the fluid passage and the cartridge. The cartridge according to Configuration 139, further comprising. The cartridge according to Configuration 139, further comprising. The cartridge according to Configuration 139, further comprising an outlet port coupled to a second end of the fluid passage and in fluid communication with a pumping mechanism external to the fluid passage and the cartridge. (Configuration 144) The inlet port and the outlet port each have an inclined or trapezoidal cross-sectional outer shape to trap air bubbles in at least one of the ports during operation of the system. The cartridge according to Configuration 143, configured to trap air bubbles in at least one of the ports during operation of the system. The cartridge according to Configuration 143, configured to trap air bubbles in at least one of the ports during operation of the system. (Configuration 145) When at least one edge of the cartridge is engaged with a cooling device, the cartridge has self-aligning means for automatic alignment of the cartridge. The cartridge according to Configuration 139, having self-aligning means for automatic alignment of the cartridge when at least one edge of the cartridge is engaged with a cooling device. The cartridge according to Configuration 139, having self-aligning means for automatic alignment of the cartridge when at least one edge of the cartridge is engaged with a cooling device. (Configuration 146) The fluid passage meanders along the length and width of the cartridge and makes multiple passes. The cartridge according to Configuration 139. (Configuration 147) The tray is formed of a heat deformable material including polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The cartridge according to Configuration 139. (Configuration 148) A fluid cooling system for heat treating a fluid for patient treatment, A housing having a hinged door movable between an open position and a closed position, A cooling device at least partially mounted within the housing, the cooling device comprising a thermal plate; and the cooling device; A disposable heat exchanger cartridge removably coupled to the cooling device, the cartridge comprising: a plate having a heat transfer surface, and a thermoformed tray having recesses or grooves defined therein; the thermoformed tray being coupled to the heat transfer surface, thereby defining a fluid passage extending through the cartridge; and the disposable heat exchanger cartridge; At least one biasing mechanism disposed to removably couple the cartridge to the cooling device, the heat transfer surface being biased against the thermal plate of the cooling device to conduct heat from the fluid; and the at least one biasing mechanism; and the system comprising the same. (Configuration 149) The system according to Configuration 148, wherein the at least one biasing mechanism comprises one or more magnets that are attractable to the cooling plate, and a given biasing force is applied between the cartridge and the cooling device to cause heat conduction from the fluid. (Configuration 150) The system according to Configuration 148, further comprising a pump configured to regulate the amount of fluid circulating through the system, the pump being positioned adjacent to the cartridge such that the fluid within the cartridge has a negative fluid pressure. (Configuration 151) The system according to Configuration 148, wherein the pump is configured to circulate the fluid at a flow rate of 70 milliliters per minute to 160 milliliters per minute. (Configuration 152) The system according to Configuration 151, wherein the pump is configured to deliver the fluid at a pressure of 25 psi to 150 psi.​​​​​​​ The described system. (Configuration 153) Further comprising a pump positioned downstream of the treatment device positioned within the patient, The pump is configured to draw the fluid through the treatment device, the system described in Configuration 148 The described system. (Configuration 154) The fluid passage of the cartridge and a supply line in fluid communication with the treatment device positioned within the patient, The system described in Configuration 148, further comprising. (Configuration 155) Further comprising a supply line in fluid communication with the fluid passage, at least a portion of the supply line being Positioned inside the patient and in fluid communication with the treatment device positioned inside the bronchus of the patient, The system described in Configuration 148. (Configuration 156) Further comprising a lung treatment system having a bronchoscope and a treatment device, the treatment device being Positioned adjacent to the lung tissue of the aforementioned patient, the cartridge being in fluid communication with the treatment device to supply Cooled fluid to the patient during treatment, the system described in Configuration 148. (Configuration 157) Further comprising a variable-volume fluid container in fluid communication with the fluid passage via a container supply line, The system described in Configuration 148. (Configuration 158) A closed-loop system in which fluid is pumped from a fluid container, circulated through a device within the patient, and then returned to the container, The system described in Configuration 148. (Configuration 159) The fluid container is in fluid communication with a fluid supply line and a fluid return line at a single location in the container via a coaxial bag spike assembly, The system described in Configuration 158. (Configuration 160) The coaxial bag spike assembly has a first tube having a first lumen passing therethrough and a first inner diameter, and a second tube having a second lumen passing therethrough and a second inner diameter smaller than the first inner diameter, and the second tube is positioned within the first lumen of the first tube such that the first lumen and the second lumen are coaxial, thereby defining a first passage and a second passage, the system according to configuration 159. A second tube having a second lumen passing therethrough and a second inner diameter smaller than the first inner diameter, and the second tube is positioned within the first lumen of the first tube such that the first lumen and the second lumen are coaxial, thereby defining a first passage and a second passage, the system according to configuration 159. One of the first passage and the second passage is in fluid communication with a fluid return line such that a coolant used is returned to the container through the passage, and the other of the first passage and the second passage is in fluid communication with a fluid supply line such that the coolant is supplied from the container to the fluid passage, the system according to configuration 160. The first lumen and the second lumen are each coupled to respective supply lines and return lines via spike adapters, the adapter comprising a tubular member coupled to a first end of the first tubular member, the adapter having a first port for coupling to the fluid return line such that the fluid return line is in fluid communication with one of the first passage and the second passage, and a second port for coupling to the fluid supply line such that the fluid supply line is in fluid communication with the other of the first passage and the second passage, the system according to configuration 161. The system according to configuration 160, wherein one of the first passage and the second passage is in fluid communication with a fluid return line such that a coolant used is returned to the container through the passage, and the other of the first passage and the second passage is in fluid communication with a fluid supply line such that the coolant is supplied from the container to the fluid passage. (Configuration 161) One of the first passage and the second passage is in fluid communication with a fluid return line such that a coolant used is returned to the container through the passage, and the other of the first passage and the second passage is in fluid communication with a fluid supply line such that the coolant is supplied from the container to the fluid passage, the system according to configuration 160. The first lumen and the second lumen are each coupled to respective supply lines and return lines via spike adapters, the adapter comprising a tubular member coupled to a first end of the first tubular member, the adapter having a first port for coupling to the fluid return line such that the fluid return line is in fluid communication with one of the first passage and the second passage, and a second port for coupling to the fluid supply line such that the fluid supply line is in fluid communication with the other of the first passage and the second passage, the system according to configuration 161. The second tube is a hypodermic tube and the first tube is a non-vented female luer, the system according to configuration 160. The system according to configuration 160, wherein one of the first passage and the second passage is in fluid communication with a fluid return line such that a coolant used is returned to the container through the passage, and the other of the first passage and the second passage is in fluid communication with a fluid supply line such that the coolant is supplied from the container to the fluid passage. (Configuration 162) The first lumen and the second lumen are each coupled to respective supply lines and return lines via spike adapters, the adapter comprising a tubular member coupled to a first end of the first tubular member, the adapter having a first port for coupling to the fluid return line such that the fluid return line is in fluid communication with one of the first passage and the second passage, and a second port for coupling to the fluid supply line such that the fluid supply line is in fluid communication with the other of the first passage and the second passage, the system according to configuration 161. The first lumen and the second lumen are each coupled to respective supply lines and return lines via spike adapters, the adapter comprising a tubular member coupled to a first end of the first tubular member, the adapter having a first port for coupling to the fluid return line such that the fluid return line is in fluid communication with one of the first passage and the second passage, and a second port for coupling to the fluid supply line such that the fluid supply line is in fluid communication with the other of the first passage and the second passage, the system according to configuration 161. The second tube is a hypodermic tube and the first tube is a non-vented female luer, the system according to configuration 160. The first lumen and the second lumen are each coupled to respective supply lines and return lines via spike adapters, the adapter comprising a tubular member coupled to a first end of the first tubular member, the adapter having a first port for coupling to the fluid return line such that the fluid return line is in fluid communication with one of the first passage and the second passage, and a second port for coupling to the fluid supply line such that the fluid supply line is in fluid communication with the other of the first passage and the second passage, the system according to configuration 161. The second tube is a hypodermic tube and the first tube is a non-vented female luer, the system according to configuration 160. The first lumen and the second lumen are each coupled to respective supply lines and return lines via spike adapters, the adapter comprising a tubular member coupled to a first end of the first tubular member, the adapter having a first port for coupling to the fluid return line such that the fluid return line is in fluid communication with one of the first passage and the second passage, and a second port for coupling to the fluid supply line such that the fluid supply line is in fluid communication with the other of the first passage and the second passage, the system according to configuration 161. The system according to configuration 161, wherein the second tube is a hypodermic tube and the first tube is a non-vented female luer. (Configuration 163) The second tube is a hypodermic tube and the first tube is a non-vented female luer, the system according to configuration 160. The second tube is a hypodermic tube and the first tube is a non-vented female luer, the system according to configuration 160. (Configuration 164) A coaxial bag spike assembly, A first tubular member having a structure defining a first lumen therethrough, the first lumen having a first inner diameter, the first tubular member; A second tubular member having a structure defining a second lumen therethrough, the second lumen having a second inner diameter smaller than the first inner diameter, the second tubular member; comprising the second tubular member is positioned within the first lumen of the first tubular member, and the first lumen and the second lumen are coaxial, thereby defining a first passage and a second passage, one of the first passage and the second passage is in fluid communication with a fluid return line and a fluid reservoir of a cooling device, such that coolant is returned to the reservoir via the lumen, and the first passage and the other of the second passage is in fluid communication with a fluid supply line and a fluid reservoir, such that the coolant is supplied from the reservoir to the cooling device, the assembly. (Configuration 165) A spike adapter for coupling one of the supply line and the return line to the first passage and the other of the supply line and the return line to the second passage, the spike adapter comprising a tubular member coupled to a first end of the first tubular member, the adapter having a first port for coupling the fluid return line to the fluid return line such that the fluid return line is in fluid communication with one of the first passage and the second passage, and a second port for coupling the fluid supply line to the fluid supply line such that the fluid supply line is in fluid communication with the other of the first passage and the second passage, the assembly according to Configuration 164. (Configuration 166) The assembly according to Configuration 164, wherein the second tubular member is a hypodermic tube and the first tubular member is a non-vented female luer. (Configuration 167) The assembly according to Configuration 164, wherein the first tubular member is injection-molded plastic. (Configuration 168) The assembly according to Configuration 165, wherein the spike adapter is injection-molded plastic. (Configuration 169) A vented type s for coupling the first tubular member and the second tubular member to the fluid container The assembly according to Configuration 164, further comprising a spike cap.

Claims

1. A disposable heat exchanger cartridge for heat-treating a fluid with a cooling device having a thermal plate facing outward, comprising: a heat transfer surface and a fluid passage extending through the cartridge, at least a portion of the fluid passage being disposed adjacent to the heat transfer surface; an input port and an output port that are in fluid communication with each other and in fluid communication with the fluid passage, the input port and the output port being present on opposite side faces of the cartridge; and at least one biasing mechanism arranged to removably couple the cartridge to the thermal plate facing outward of the cooling device, the heat transfer surface being in contact with and at least partially covering the thermal plate facing outward to conductively cool the fluid and to cause the side faces of the cartridge facing the heat transfer surface to face outward, the cartridge comprising the at least one biasing mechanism; the fluid passage being dimensioned such that when the heat transfer surface is biased against the thermal plate, the fluid passes through the fluid passage at a flow rate of about 100 mL / min and experiences a temperature differential of about 15 - 35 °C for a residence time sufficient to effect cooling.

2. The cartridge according to claim 1, wherein the at least one biasing mechanism comprises two pairs of magnets, each pair being positioned at opposite ends of the cartridge and each pair being attractable to the cooling device to improve surface contact therebetween and increase heat exchange efficiency.

3. The cartridge according to claim 1, formed to be in a first state when detached from the cooling device and in a second state when engaged with the cooling device.

4. The cartridge according to claim 3, wherein the first state includes the cartridge having a substantially convex outer shape, and the second state includes the cartridge having a substantially rectangular outer shape.

5. 。 The cartridge according to claim 1, wherein the at least one biasing mechanism comprises a plurality of magnets attractable to the cooling device, applying a given biasing force to the cartridge to effect heat transfer from the fluid.

6. The cartridge according to claim 1, further comprising a first plate and a second plate coupled to each other, the first plate being ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Comprising a heat transfer surface, wherein the first plate has a thickness of at least 0.01 inches or less. The cartridge according to claim 1.

7. The cartridge according to claim 6, wherein the second plate is made of a heat insulating material and has a groove defining a part of the fluid passage. The cartridge according to claim 6.

8. The fluid passage has at least one corner adjacent to a transition portion between a first side wall and a second side wall of the fluid passage, and the at least one corner is configured such that bubbles are not trapped adjacent to the at least one corner during operation of the system. The cartridge according to claim 1. The cartridge according to claim 1. The cartridge according to claim 1, wherein the at least one corner is configured such that bubbles are not trapped adjacent to the at least one corner during operation of the system. The cartridge according to claim 1.

9. The cartridge according to claim 1, further comprising a variable volume container housed within the cartridge, wherein the fluid is drawn from the container and supplied to a patient. The cartridge according to claim 1.

10. The cartridge according to claim 1, further comprising self - alignment means for automatic alignment and automatic biasing of the cartridge when engaged with the cooling device. The cartridge according to claim 1.

11. A plate having the heat transfer surface and a thermoformed cover having a recess or groove defined therein, the thermoformed cover being coupled to the heat transfer surface and thereby defining the fluid passage extending through the cartridge. The thermoformed cover being coupled to the heat transfer surface and thereby defining the fluid passage extending through the cartridge. The cartridge further comprises a thermoformed cover having a recess or groove defined therein, the thermoformed cover being coupled to the heat transfer surface and thereby defining the fluid passage extending through the cartridge. The cartridge is removably connectable to the cooling device, and the heat transfer surface is biased against the thermal plate of the cooling device to transfer heat from the fluid. The heat transfer surface is biased against the thermal plate of the cooling device to transfer heat from the fluid. And The cartridge is positioned adjacent to a first end of the fluid passage and has a first port in fluid communication with the first end, the first port being parallel to the fluid passage and configured to be connected to a fluid supply line along an axis offset from the fluid passage at the first end. The first port is parallel to the fluid passage and configured to be connected to a fluid supply line along an axis offset from the fluid passage at the first end. The first port is configured to be connected to a fluid supply line along an axis offset from the fluid passage at the first end. The cartridge according to claim 1.

12. The cartridge according to claim l1, further comprising one or more magnets coupled to the plate, the magnets being attractable to the thermal plate to apply a given biasing force between the cartridge and the cooling device to effect heat transfer from the fluid. The magnets being attractable to the thermal plate to apply a given biasing force between the cartridge and the cooling device to effect heat transfer from the fluid. The cartridge according to claim 11.

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