Railway vehicle and method for manufacturing the same

Abstract

To provide a railway vehicle that facilitates the installation of interior panels onto side structures while preventing a decline in aesthetic quality, and a method for manufacturing a railway vehicle.SOLUTION: A third receiver 43 provided on a side structure 13 is arranged on a vehicle exterior side in a vehicle width direction of an upper end 32U of a waist panel 32. A lower frame 31D of a window holding surface 31 covers the upper end 32U of the waist panel 32 from a vehicle interior side in the vehicle width direction. A bolt 52 is inserted into the lower frame 31D of the window holding surface 31, the upper end 32U of the waist panel 32 and the third receiver 43 from the vehicle interior side in the vehicle width direction to make them to be integrally fastened to the window holding surface 31 and the side structure 13 of the waist panel 32 by the bolt 52. The window holding surface 31 is fixed directly or indirectly to the side structure 13 at predetermined locations except for the lower frame 31D. The waist panel 32 is not fixed directly or indirectly to the side structure 13 at locations except for the upper end 32U.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 8

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a railway vehicle including a side structure and an interior panel attached to an inner surface of the side structure, and to a method for manufacturing the railway vehicle. [Background technology]

[0002] Generally, the side walls of a passenger compartment of a railway vehicle are made up of interior panels attached to the side structures. The interior panels include window frames that surround the side windows and waist panels that cover the lower portions of the side windows (see Patent Document 1).

[0003] In the past, when attaching the window casing and the waist panel to the side structure, the applicant covered the upper end of the waist panel with the lower end of the window casing from the inside of the car in the width direction of the car body to prevent the upper end of the waist panel from being exposed.The upper end of the waist panel and the lower end of the window casing were each fixed separately to the side structure.

[0004] Fig. 13 is a simplified partial cross-sectional schematic diagram showing a conventional structure for fastening the upper end of a waist panel and the lower end of a window casing to a side structure. As shown in Fig. 13, a support member 92 is fixed to a cross frame member 131 that constitutes the side structure 13. The support member 92 has a plate-shaped fixing portion 92A that is perpendicular to the width direction of the car body. An upper end portion 90U of a waist panel 90 is fastened to fixing portion 92A via a spacer 93 with a countersunk head screw 94. Furthermore, a lower end portion 91D of the window casing 91, while joined to the upper end portion 90U of the waist panel 90, is fastened with screws 95 to pillar members (not shown) adjacent to both sides of the window casing 91 in the longitudinal direction of the car body.

[0005] The applicant also attached the window sill and waist panel to the side structure using an attachment method consisting of the following steps (1) to (5). (1) Temporarily attach the window slot to match the position of the window opening formed in the side structure. (2) Mark the joint position between the window frame and the waist panel on the side structure. (3) Remove the window frame. (4) Fix the waist panel to the side structure according to the joint position. (5) Fix the window frame to the side structure according to the joint position. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 05-270400 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] The position of the interior panel had to be aligned with the position of the side window, and the upper end of the waist panel was covered by the lower end of the window casing, and the waist panel and window casing were fixed separately to the side structure, which required a process of temporarily attaching the window casing and then removing it. In other words, with the above-mentioned structure for fixing the interior panel to the side structure and the method for attaching the interior panel to the side structure, attaching the interior panel to the side structure was time-consuming.

[0008] The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and aims to provide a railway vehicle and a method for manufacturing a railway vehicle that makes it easy to attach interior panels to side structures while preventing a decrease in aesthetic appeal. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, a railway vehicle and a method for manufacturing a railway vehicle according to one aspect of the present invention have the following features.

[0010] (1) A railway vehicle, a side structure; and an interior panel arranged on an interior side of the side structure in a vehicle body width direction, The interior panel has a window frame and a waist panel, The window casing and the waist panel are each supported on the side structure of a railway vehicle, The waist panel is disposed below the window casing, a fixing receiver provided on the side structure is disposed on the outer side of the upper end of the waist panel in the car body width direction, a lower end portion of the window crease covers an upper end portion of the waist panel from the vehicle interior side in the vehicle body width direction; Fasteners are inserted into the lower end of the window casing, the upper end of the waist panel, and the fixing receiver from the inside of the vehicle in the width direction of the vehicle body, and the lower end of the window casing and the upper end of the waist panel are integrally fastened to the fixing receiver by the fasteners, The window crease is fixed directly or indirectly to the side structure at a predetermined location other than the lower end portion, The waist panel is characterized in that it is not fixed directly or indirectly to the side structure other than the upper end portion. According to the aspect described in (1) above, the window casing is fixed directly or indirectly to the side structure at a predetermined location other than the lower end, and the waist panel is not fixed directly or indirectly to the side structure at any location other than the upper end. This means that when attaching the interior panel to the side structure, the window casing can be positioned and then the position of the waist panel in the longitudinal direction of the car body can be adjusted to match the position of the window casing. As a result, the conventional process of temporarily attaching the window casing and then removing it can be eliminated. Furthermore, because the lower end of the window casing, the upper end of the waist panel, and the fixing bracket are integrally fastened, this process can be eliminated while the upper end of the waist panel can be hidden by the window casing, improving aesthetics.

[0011] (2) In the railway vehicle described in (1), it is preferable that a lower end mounting fixture is provided at the lower end of the waist panel, a lower end support for mounting the lower end mounting fixture is provided on the side structure, and the lower end mounting fixture is attached to the lower end support in a state where it is restrained in the car body width direction and is slidable in the car body longitudinal direction. According to the aspect described in (2) above, the waist panel is slidably attached to the side structure at its lower end, so that the waist panel can be stably aligned. (3) In the railway vehicle described in (2), it is preferable that a side edge mounting fixture is provided on at least one side edge of the waist panel, a side edge receiver for mounting the side edge mounting fixture is provided on the side structure, and the side edge mounting fixture is attached to the side edge receiver in a state where it is restrained in the car body width direction and is slidable in the car body longitudinal direction. According to the aspect described in (3) above, the waist panel is slidably attached to the side structure at a position close to the lower end of the waist panel, which makes the installation work of the waist panel easier. (4) In the railway vehicle described in (2), it is preferable that the fixing receiver is provided with a plate-shaped fixing piece that is approximately perpendicular to the carbody width direction, an upper end mounting fixture is provided at the upper end of the waist panel, the upper end mounting fixture has a space that is open on the lower side and on both sides in the carbody longitudinal direction, and the fixing piece is inserted into the space. According to the aspect described in (4) above, the fixing receiver can be used to attach the waist panel to the side structure in a state where it is restrained in the carbody width direction and is slidable in the carbody longitudinal direction, thereby reducing the number of parts and achieving cost reduction. (5) A method for manufacturing a railway vehicle according to any one of (2) to (4), a first step of attaching the lower end attachment fixture, the side end attachment fixture, or the upper end attachment fixture to the lower end support fixture, the side end support fixture, or the upper end support fixture; a second step of directly or indirectly fixing the window frame to the side structure at a predetermined location other than the lower end; a third step of sliding the lower panel in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body to align the position of the lower panel with the position of the window crease; and a fourth step of inserting the fastening device into the lower end of the window crease, the upper end of the waist panel, and the fixing holder from the inside of the vehicle in the width direction of the vehicle body, and using the fastening device to integrally fasten the lower end of the window crease and the upper end of the waist panel to the fixing holder. According to the aspect described in (5) above, it is possible to eliminate the conventional process of temporarily attaching the window frame and then removing it. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] According to the present invention, it is possible to easily attach an interior panel to a side structure while preventing a decrease in aesthetic appeal. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a railway vehicle. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic partial side view of the vehicle body as viewed from the inside to the outside of the vehicle in the vehicle body width direction. [Figure 3A] FIG. [Figure 3B] This is a partial perspective view of the lower frame of the window casing as seen from diagonally above right. [Figure 3C] This is a partial perspective view of the lower frame of the window casing viewed from diagonally below right. [Figure 4A] FIG. [Figure 4B] FIG. 10 is a rear view of the waist panel. [Figure 4C] FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged perspective view of the vicinity of the first mounting fixture on the right side. [Figure 4D] FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged perspective view of the vicinity of the second mounting fixture on the right side. [Figure 5A] This is the inside of the car body with the interior panels removed. [Figure 5B] 5B is a partially enlarged perspective view of the vicinity of the first receiving tool that is installed second from the right in FIG. 5A. FIG. [Figure 5C] FIG. 5B is a partially enlarged perspective view of the vicinity of the outer second receiving tool installed on the right side in FIG. 5A. [Figure 5D] FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged perspective view of the vicinity of the inner second receiving member. [Figure 6A] FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a simplified structure for attaching the first attachment tool to the first receiving tool. [Figure 6B] 10 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view showing in simplified form the structure for attaching the first attachment tool to the first receiving tool. FIG. [Figure 7A] FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a simplified structure for attaching the second attachment device to the second receiving device. [Figure 7B] 10 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view showing in simplified form the structure for attaching the second attachment device to the second receiving device. FIG. [Figure 8] This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram showing the window gusset and the fixing structure of the waist panel to the side structure. [Figure 9] 10 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a railway vehicle, including a method for attaching an interior panel to a side structure. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a rear view of the waist panel according to the second embodiment. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram showing in simplified form the structure for fixing a window crease and a waist panel to a side structure according to a second embodiment. [Figure 12] FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram showing in simplified form the structure for fixing a window crease and a waist panel to a side structure according to a third embodiment. [Figure 13] FIG. 1 is a simplified partial cross-sectional schematic diagram showing a conventional window gusset and a fastening structure of a waist panel to a side structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0014] First Embodiment A railway vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a railway vehicle (hereinafter referred to as "vehicle") according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Vehicle 1 is a first-class vehicle. In the longitudinal direction (longitudinal direction of the car body) of a car body 10 constituting vehicle 1, the side on which vehicle 1 travels is referred to as the "front side," and the side opposite to the traveling side is referred to as the "rear side." In FIG. 1, it is assumed that the vehicle is traveling to the left, with the left side being the front side and the right side being the rear side. Furthermore, the "inner side" and "outer side" in the width direction of the car body are referred to as the "inner side in the width direction" and "outer side in the width direction."

[0015] As shown in FIG. 1, the carbody 10 includes an underframe 11, a pair of front and rear end structures 12 erected at the front and rear ends of the underframe 11, a pair of left and right side structures 13 erected at both ends of the underframe 11 in the carbody width direction, and a roof structure 14 connected to the upper ends of the pair of front and rear end structures 12 and the upper ends of the pair of left and right side structures 13. The side structures 13 are formed with one entrance / exit opening 13h1, one small side window opening 13h2, and five large side window openings 13h3. The entrance / exit opening 13h1 is located at the rearmost position. The small side window opening 13h2 is located in front of the entrance / exit opening 13h1. Five large side window openings 13h3 are located in front of the small side window opening 13h2 at approximately equal intervals in the carbody longitudinal direction.

[0016] The entrance / exit opening 13h1 is provided with a side door 21 that can be opened and closed along the longitudinal direction of the car body. The small side window opening 13h2 is provided with a small side window 22. Each large side window opening 13h3 is provided with a large side window 23. The number, shape, and arrangement of each opening 13h1 to 13h3 may be changed as appropriate.

[0017] Next, the interior of the car body 10 will be described. Fig. 2 is a schematic partial side view of the car body 10 as seen from the inside to the outside of the car in the car body width direction. As shown in Fig. 2, an interior panel 30 is attached to the inside surface of the car body 10. As will be described later, the interior panel 30 is fixed to the side structure 13.

[0018] The interior panel 30 has a window crease 31 and a waist panel 32. The window crease 31 is a frame body with an overall horizontally elongated rectangular shape, and is installed adjacent to the large side windows 23 in the fore-and-aft direction of the vehicle, in accordance with their positions, specifically, covering the entire periphery of the edge of the large side window 23 and contacting the surface of the large side window 23 on the inside side in the width direction of the vehicle. The waist panel 32 is a plate-like body with an overall horizontally elongated rectangular shape. Two waist panels 32 are installed below the window crease 31, abutting in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body.

[0019] The front end of the front waist panel 32 and the front end of the window casing 31 are located at the same position in the vehicle body longitudinal direction. That is, the front end of the front waist panel 32 and the front end of the window casing 31 are continuous in a straight line along the vehicle body height direction. On the other hand, the rear end of the rear waist panel 32 and the rear end of the window casing 31 are located at the same position in the vehicle body longitudinal direction. That is, the rear end of the rear waist panel 32 and the rear end of the window casing 31 are continuous in a straight line along the vehicle body height direction.

[0020] Next, the window casing 31 will be described. Figure 3A is a front view of the window casing 31. The window casing 31 is a frame body with an overall horizontally elongated rectangular shape. Hereinafter, the short side direction of the window casing 31 will be referred to as the "window casing vertical direction," the long side direction will be referred to as the "window casing horizontal direction," and the direction perpendicular to the window casing vertical direction and the window casing horizontal direction will be referred to as the "window casing perpendicular direction." When the window casing 31 is attached to the side body structure 13, the window casing horizontal direction is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the car body, and the window casing perpendicular direction is parallel to the width direction of the car body. The front side of the paper in Figure 3A is the inside side of the car in the width direction.

[0021] For convenience, the upper and lower sides of the window frame 31 along the vertical direction of the window frame in Fig. 3A will be referred to as the "upper side" and "lower side." Similarly, the left and right sides along the horizontal direction of the window frame in Fig. 3A will be referred to as the "left side" and "right side," and the front and back sides of the paper in Fig. 3A along the direction perpendicular to the window frame will be referred to as the "front side" and "rear side."

[0022] A window opening 31h having a generally horizontally elongated rectangular shape in a front view is formed in the approximate center of the window casing 31. The portions of the window casing 31 above, below, to the left, and to the right of the window opening 31h are referred to as the "upper frame 31U," the "lower frame 31D," the "left frame 31L," and the "right frame 31R," respectively. In the first embodiment, the window casing 31 is configured symmetrically. However, the window casing 31 may also be configured asymmetrically.

[0023] Fig. 3B is a partial perspective view of the vicinity of the lower frame 31D of the window casing 31 as seen from diagonally above right inside the vehicle, and Fig. 3C is a partial perspective view of the vicinity of the lower frame 31D of the window casing 31 as seen from diagonally below right. As shown in Figs. 3B and 3C, the lower frame 31D is formed with two table portions 31Dt that function as tables.

[0024] The table portions 31Dt are formed one between the center of the window gusset horizontally of the lower frame 31D and the left frame 31L, and one between the center and the right frame 31R, and protrude to the front side in the direction perpendicular to the window gusset within a range of approximately 3 / 5 of the upper side of the lower frame 31D in the window gusset vertically.

[0025] The lower frame 31D has a top panel portion 31D1 and side panel portions 31D2. The top panel portion 31D1 is generally plate-shaped and is approximately perpendicular to the vertical direction of the window frame. Most of the top surface of the top panel portion 31D1 is flat. The side panel portions 31D2 are generally plate-shaped and are formed by bending downward at approximately a right angle at the front end of the top panel portion 31D1. The table portion 31Dt is formed across the top panel portion 31D1 and the side panel portions 31D2.

[0026] Eight bolt insertion holes 31Dh are formed in the side plate portion 31D2 of the lower frame 31D, into which bolts 52, described later, are inserted. Each bolt insertion hole 31Dh is formed at approximately the same position in the vertical direction of the window case within the area of ​​the side plate portion 31D2 where the table portion 31Dt is not formed. Four bolt insertion holes 31Dh are formed on each side of the center of the horizontal direction of the window case of the side plate portion 31D2. More specifically, the four bolt insertion holes 31Dh formed on each side of the center of the horizontal direction of the window case of the side plate portion 31D2 are arranged at approximately equal intervals in the horizontal direction of the window case. Furthermore, the four bolt insertion holes 31Dh on the left side and the four bolt insertion holes 31Dh on the right side are arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of the horizontal direction of the window case of the side plate portion 31D2.

[0027] Next, the waist panel 32 will be described. Fig. 4A is a front view of the waist panel 32. Fig. 4B is a rear view of the waist panel 32. The waist panel 32 has an overall horizontally elongated rectangular shape. Hereinafter, the short side direction of the waist panel 32 will be referred to as the "waist panel vertical direction," the long side direction will be referred to as the "waist panel horizontal direction," and the direction perpendicular to the waist panel vertical direction and the waist panel horizontal direction will be referred to as the "waist panel perpendicular direction." When the waist panel 32 is attached to the side structure 13, the waist panel horizontal direction is parallel to the car body longitudinal direction, and the waist panel perpendicular direction is parallel to the car body width direction. The front side of the paper in Fig. 4A and the back side of the paper in Fig. 4B are the car interior side in the width direction.

[0028] For convenience, the upper and lower sides of the waist panel 32 along the longitudinal direction of the waist panel in Fig. 4A will be referred to as the "upper side" and "lower side." Similarly, the left and right sides along the transverse direction of the waist panel in Fig. 4A will be referred to as the "left side" and "right side," and the front and back sides of the paper in Fig. 4A along the direction perpendicular to the waist panel will be referred to as the "front side" and "rear side."

[0029] A recess 32h having a generally horizontally elongated rectangular shape is formed in the approximate center of the waist panel 32. The recess 32h is recessed on the back side of the waist panel in the direction perpendicular to the waist panel. The periphery of the recess 32h in the waist panel 32 is formed in a generally horizontally elongated rectangular frame shape. Hereinafter, the upper, lower, left, and right sides of the recess 32h of this frame-shaped portion will be referred to as the "upper end 32U," the "lower end 32D," the "left end 32L," and the "right end 32R." In the first embodiment, the waist panel 32 is configured symmetrically. However, the waist panel 32 may also be configured asymmetrically.

[0030] At the upper end portion 32U, four bolt insertion holes 32Uh are formed at positions opposite the bolt insertion holes 31Dh in the car body width direction when the waist panel 32 and window gusset 31 are attached to the side structure 13, into which bolts 52 described later are inserted.

[0031] Two first attachment fixtures 321 are provided on the back side of the lower end portion 32D. The two first attachment fixtures 321 are arranged at the same position in the vertical direction of the waist panel. One of the first attachment fixtures 321 is arranged at a predetermined distance to the left of the center of the waist panel 32 in the horizontal direction of the waist panel, and the other first attachment fixture 321 is arranged at a predetermined distance to the right of the center of the waist panel 32 in the horizontal direction of the waist panel.

[0032] A second mounting fixture 322 is provided on the back side of the left end 32L and the back side of the right end 32R. Each second mounting fixture 322 is disposed at the same position in the vertical direction of the waist panel. One second mounting fixture 322 is disposed a predetermined distance to the left of the center of the waist panel 32 in the left-right direction, and the other second mounting fixture 322 is disposed a predetermined distance to the right of the center of the waist panel 32 in the left-right direction.

[0033] Next, the first mounting fixture 321 will be described. FIG. 4C is a partially enlarged perspective view of the vicinity of the right-side first mounting fixture 321. As shown in FIG. 4C, the first mounting fixture 321 includes a rectangular plate-shaped base 321B joined to the lower end 32D, a connecting portion 321C bent from the lower end of the base 321B toward the interior of the vehicle and erected thereon, and a first insertion piece 321A bent downward from the interior end of the connecting portion 321C and extending therefrom. The first insertion piece 321A is generally rectangular plate-shaped and protrudes obliquely downward from the lower side of the waist panel in the vertical direction and toward the rear side of the waist panel in the perpendicular direction. That is, the first insertion piece 321A is inclined with respect to the rear surface of the lower end 32D. In the first embodiment, the inclination angle of the lower end 32D of the first mounting fixture 321 with respect to the rear surface is approximately 30 degrees. However, as will be described later, the portion of the side outer panel 130 below the large side window 23 is inclined in such a way that it extends inward in the width direction of the vehicle body 10 as it goes down (a so-called tapered shape), and the inclination angle of the lower end 32D of the first mounting fixture 321 relative to the back surface varies depending on the inclination angle of this side outer panel 130.

[0034] Furthermore, the first attachment tool 321 is contained within the range of the lower end part 32D in the vertical direction of the waist panel and the horizontal direction of the waist panel. Therefore, the lower end of the first attachment tool 321 is located higher than the lower end of the lower end part 32D, and the outer end of the first attachment tool 321 in the horizontal direction of the waist panel is located more inward than the outer end of the lower end part 32D in the horizontal direction of the waist panel (see FIG. 4B).

[0035] Next, we will explain the second mounting fixture 322. Figure 4D is a partially enlarged perspective view of the vicinity of the right-side second mounting fixture 322. As shown in Figure 4D, the second mounting fixture 322 has a main body member 322A, a leaf spring member 322B, and a liner plate 322C.

[0036] The main body member 322A has an overall rectangular plate shape. The guide portion 322A1 included in the main body member 322A protrudes obliquely from the right end portion 32R, downward in the longitudinal direction of the lumbar panel and toward the rear side in the direction perpendicular to the lumbar panel. That is, the guide portion 322A1 is inclined with respect to the rear surface of the right end portion 32R. The lower tip of the guide portion 322A1 curves back in an arc shape toward the rear side in the direction perpendicular to the lumbar panel. In the first embodiment, the inclination angle of the guide portion 322A1 with respect to the right end portion 32R is approximately 30 degrees. However, as described below, the portion of the side outer panel 130 below the large side window 23 is inclined downward as it progresses toward the vehicle interior in the width direction, and the inclination angle of the right end portion 32A1 with respect to the rear surface varies depending on the inclination angle of the side outer panel 130.

[0037] A plate spring member 322B is disposed on the front side of the guide portion 322A1 in the direction perpendicular to the waist spring. The plate spring member 322B is fixed to the guide portion 322A1 via a liner plate 322C.

[0038] The leaf spring member 322B is composed of a pressure leaf spring. The pressure leaf spring of the leaf spring member 322B has a structure in which one end is fixed and the other end applies pressure to an object (holds down the object). When the leaf spring member 322B is fixed to the guide portion 322A1, the end that is fixed is located on the upper side, and the end that applies pressure to the object is located on the lower side. Furthermore, when the leaf spring member 322B is fixed to the guide portion 322A1, the direction in which the leaf spring member 322B applies pressure is toward the guide portion 322A1, which is perpendicular to the vehicle outer surface of the guide portion 322A1.

[0039] Furthermore, liner plate 322C is not interposed between approximately the lower half of leaf spring component 322B and guide portion 322A1. Projecting piece 42A, which will be described later, is inserted into the portion where guide portion 322A1, where liner plate 322C is not interposed, faces leaf spring component 322B.

[0040] Next, the structure of the interior panel 30 on the vehicle exterior side in the width direction will be described. Fig. 5A is a diagram showing the interior surface of the carbody 10 with the interior panel 30 removed. As shown in Fig. 5A, the side structure 13 has a side outer panel 130, a cross member 131, a vertical column 132, a stud 133, and a seat support 134. A large side window 23 is installed in accordance with a large side window opening 13h3 (not shown in Fig. 5A) formed in the side outer panel 130.

[0041] The side outer panel 130 is bent midway below the large side window opening 13h3 in the carbody height direction. In other words, the side outer panel 130 is bent at the upper and lower sides with a bent portion CP, which has a predetermined width in the carbody height direction and is parallel to the carbody longitudinal direction, as the boundary. The bent portion CP has an arc shape in cross section when viewed in the carbody longitudinal direction. In the carbody longitudinal direction, the portion of the side outer panel 130 above the bent portion CP is parallel to the carbody height direction, and the portion of the side outer panel 130 below the bent portion CP is inclined downward as it progresses toward the carbody inward in the width direction. Therefore, the portion of the side outer panel 130 below the bent portion CP is inclined with respect to the floor surface of the carbody 10. In the first embodiment, the angle between the upper and lower sides of the bent portion CP of the side outer panel 130 (side outer panel inclination angle) is approximately 30 degrees. However, this side outer panel inclination angle can be set as appropriate. Additionally, the side outer plate 130 may be generally flat and not curved.

[0042] Five cross frame members 131 are installed on the surface (inner surface) of the side outer panel 130 facing the vehicle interior in the width direction, below the large side window 23. In detail, one cross frame member 131 is installed on the inner surface of the side outer panel 130 above the bend CP, and four cross frame members 131 are arranged in parallel at approximately equal intervals below the bend CP in the inclination direction of the side outer panel 130. The lowest cross frame member 131 is installed near the floor surface of the carbody 10, at the lower end of the side outer panel 130.

[0043] Each cross frame member 131 is made of a hat-shaped steel and is joined to the inner surface of the side skin 130 at a jaw portion formed to protrude outward from the orthogonal cross section. Each cross frame member 131 extends parallel to the longitudinal direction of the car body. Both ends of each cross frame member 131 in the longitudinal direction of the car body protrude outward beyond both ends of the large side windows 23 in the longitudinal direction of the car body.

[0044] The vertical columns 132 are installed one on each side of the large side window 23 on the outside in the longitudinal direction of the car body. The vertical columns 132 are made of hat-shaped steel. The vertical columns 132 are joined to the surfaces of the top plate portions 131A of the five cross frame members 131 via plates 141 at flanges formed to protrude outward on both sides in the orthogonal cross section, in a manner perpendicular to the surfaces. The vertical columns 132 extend from near the floor surface of the car body 10 to above the upper ends of the large side windows 23. The vertical columns 132 are bent in accordance with the bending shape of the side outer panels 130.

[0045] Additionally, one waist panel spacer 501 is adhered to the inside of the vehicle width direction of the top plate portion 132A of each vertical pillar 132. Each waist panel spacer 501 is installed in a position facing the bolt insertion holes 31Dh located at both ends of the vehicle length direction when the window frame 31 is installed and the bolt insertion holes 32Uh located at both ends of the vehicle length direction when the waist panel 32 is installed. Since bolts 52 (described later) are inserted into the bolt insertion holes 31Dh and 32Uh from the inside of the vehicle width direction, bolt insertion holes 501h communicating with the bolt insertion holes 31Dh and 32Uh are formed in the waist panel spacer 501 and in the top plate portion 132A on the outside of the waist panel spacer 501 in the width direction. Note that a floating nut (not shown) is joined to the top plate portion 132A at a position corresponding to the bolt insertion hole 501h on the opposite side of the waist panel spacer 501 in the vehicle width direction so as to be able to threadably engage with the bolt 52.

[0046] Additionally, the upper end portion 32U of the waist panel 32 abuts against the surface of the waist panel spacer 501 on the vehicle interior side in the width direction. That is, the waist panel spacer 501 is interposed between the upper end portion 32U of the waist panel 32 and each vertical pillar 132.

[0047] One stud 133 is installed below the large side window 23, at the center of the large side window 23 in the carbody longitudinal direction. The stud 133 is made of hat-shaped steel. The stud 133 is joined perpendicularly to the surfaces of the top plate portions 131A of the four cross frame members 131 via plates 142A and 142B at flanges formed to protrude outward on both sides in the orthogonal cross section. The stud 133 extends from near the floor surface of the carbody 10 to near the lower end of the large side window 23, above the bent portion CP of the side outer panel 130. The stud 133 is bent in accordance with the bent shape of the side outer panel 130.

[0048] The seat supports 134 are installed in pairs below the large side windows 23, between the studs 133 and each vertical post 132, at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction of the car body. The distance between each seat support 134 closer to the stud 133 and the stud 133 is approximately the same as the distance between each seat support 134 closer to each vertical post 132 and each vertical post 132. The seat supports 134 are made of hat-shaped steel. The seat supports 134 are joined perpendicularly to the surfaces of the top plate portions 131A of the two cross frame members 131 via plates (not shown) at flanges formed to protrude outward on both sides in the orthogonal cross section. The seat supports 134 extend from near the floor surface of the car body 10 to below the bends CP of the side outer panels 130.

[0049] The lengths from the inner surface of the side outer panel 130 to the interior surface of the car width direction of the top plate portion 132A of the vertical pillar 132, the top plate portion 133A of the stud 133, and the top plate portion 134A of the seat support 134 are the same. A single floor covering support 135 in the form of a horizontally long rectangular plate is joined across the interior surface of the lower ends of the top plate portions 132A of the two vertical pillars 132, the top plate portion 133A of one stud 133, and the top plate portions 134A of the four seat support 134. The floor covering support 135 is parallel to the portion of the side outer panel 130 below the bend portion CP, and, like that portion, is inclined with respect to the floor surface of the carbody 10.

[0050] First receivers 41 for attaching (receiving) the first mounting fixtures 321 are installed between the studs 133 and each seat receiver 134 closer to the studs 133, and between the vertical columns 132 and each seat receiver 134 closer to the vertical columns 132. The first receivers 41 are provided on the floor covering receiver 135, and protrude upward from the upper end of the floor covering receiver 135.

[0051] An outer second receiver 421 for attaching (receiving) the second mounting fixture 322 is provided near the lower side of the bent portion CP of the side outer plate 130 of each vertical post 132. The outer second receiver 421 is adhered to a blown-out panel 44, which will be described later. The blown-out panel 44 is provided on the surface of the top plate portion 132A on the inside side in the width direction of the vehicle. Furthermore, an inner second receiver 422 for attaching (receiving) the second mounting fixture 322 is provided near the lower side of the bent portion CP of the side outer plate 130 of the stud 133. The inner second receiver 422 is joined to the top plate portion 133A of the stud 133 by welding.

[0052] Fig. 5B is a partially enlarged perspective view of the vicinity of first receiver 41 installed on the leftmost side in Fig. 5A. As shown in Fig. 5B, first receiver 41 has a main body member 41A, a leaf spring member 41B, and a liner plate 41C.

[0053] The main body member 41A is welded to the surface of the upper end of the floor covering holder 135 on the vehicle exterior side in the width direction. The main body member 41A has a guide portion 41A1 and an intrusion prevention portion 41A2. The guide portion 41A1 protrudes upward from the upper end of the floor covering holder 135. The guide portion 41A1 is shaped like a rectangular flat plate and is perpendicular to the vehicle body width direction. In other words, the guide portion 41A1 is parallel to the vehicle body height direction in the vehicle body longitudinal direction. The intrusion prevention portion 41A2 is bent at approximately a right angle from the upper end of the guide portion 41A1 towards the vehicle exterior side in the width direction.

[0054] A leaf spring member 41B is disposed on the vehicle interior side of the guide member 41A1 in the width direction. The leaf spring member 41B is fixed to the guide member 41A1 via a liner plate 41C with rivets (not shown). The leaf spring member 41B is composed of a pressure leaf spring. The pressure leaf spring associated with the leaf spring member 41B has a structure in which one end is fixed and the other end applies pressure to an object (presses down the object). When the leaf spring member 41B is fixed to the guide member 41A1, the end on the fixed side is disposed on the lower side, and the end on the side applying pressure to the object is disposed on the upper side. Furthermore, when the leaf spring member 41B is fixed to the guide member 41A1, the direction in which the leaf spring member 41B applies pressure is toward the guide member 41A1, which is perpendicular to the vehicle interior side of the guide member 41A1.

[0055] Liner plate 41C is generally rectangular and is larger than leaf spring component 41B but smaller than guide portion 41A1. Liner plate 41C protrudes from both sides of leaf spring component 41B in the vehicle body longitudinal direction and from the upper side in the vehicle body height direction. As described below, first mounting fixture 321 is inserted between leaf spring component 41B and liner plate 41C.

[0056] 5C is a partially enlarged perspective view of the vicinity of the outer second receiving member 421 installed on the right side in FIG. 5A. As shown in FIG. 5C, the outer second receiving member 421 has an outer protruding piece 421A onto which the second mounting member 322 is fitted from above. The outer protruding piece 421A has an overall rectangular flat plate shape, and a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the car body is parallel to the car body height direction. In other words, the shape of the outer protruding piece 421A is a rectangular flat plate perpendicular to the car body width direction. Furthermore, the outer protruding piece 421A protrudes in the longitudinal direction of the car body from the blown panel 44 toward the stud 133.

[0057] 5D is a partially enlarged perspective view of the vicinity of the inner second receiving member 422. As shown in FIG. 5D, the inner second receiving member 422 has two inner protruding pieces 422A onto which the second mounting member 322 is fitted from above. The inner protruding pieces 422A are generally rectangular flat plates, and a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the car body is parallel to the car body height direction. In other words, the shape of the inner protruding pieces 422A is a rectangular flat plate perpendicular to the car body width direction. The inner protruding pieces 422A also protrude in the longitudinal direction of the car body from the studs 133 toward each vertical pillar 132.

[0058] The cross-sectional shape of outer protruding piece 421A perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body and the cross-sectional shape of inner protruding piece 422A perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body are substantially the same. Furthermore, the upper end position of outer protruding piece 421A and the upper end position of inner protruding piece 422A are substantially the same. Furthermore, the position of outer protruding piece 421A in the width direction of the vehicle body and the position of inner protruding piece 422A in the width direction of the vehicle body are substantially the same.

[0059] In the following description, the outer second receiving member 421 and the inner second receiving member 422 used to attach the second mounting fixture 322 will be collectively referred to as the "second receiving member 42." Furthermore, the outer protruding piece 421A and the inner protruding piece 422A used to fit the second mounting fixture 322 from above will be collectively referred to as the "protruding piece 42A."

[0060] 5A, the uppermost horizontal frame member 131 is provided with a third support 43 for fastening the window sill 31 for the large side window 23 installed above the horizontal frame member 131 and the two waist panels 32 installed below the large side window 23. The third support 43 is fixed to the top panel portion 131A of the horizontal frame member 131 with screws (not shown).

[0061] The third receiving member 43 also has a fixing piece 43A for fixing the window crease 31 and the waist panel 32. The fixing piece 43A is generally shaped like a horizontally elongated rectangular flat plate, and its cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the car body is parallel to the car body height direction. In other words, the shape of the fixing piece 43A is a horizontally elongated rectangular flat plate perpendicular to the car body width direction. The fixing piece 43A is also erected parallel to the car body height direction at a predetermined distance from the top plate portion 131A of the cross frame member 131 toward the inside of the car in the width direction.

[0062] The fixing piece 43A is formed with six bolt insertion holes 43h for inserting the above-mentioned screws 54. The bolt insertion holes 43h are formed at positions facing in the vehicle width direction to the six bolt insertion holes 31Dh excluding both ends in the vehicle longitudinal direction when the window frame 31 is installed and the six bolt insertion holes 32Uh excluding both ends in the vehicle longitudinal direction when the waist panel 32 is installed.

[0063] On both sides of the center of the vehicle body longitudinal direction of the fixed piece 43A, between the bolt insertion holes 43h on both outer sides in the vehicle body width direction and the central bolt insertion hole 43h in the vehicle body width direction, horizontally elongated rectangular waist panel spacers 502 are adhered to the surface of the fixed piece 43A on the vehicle interior side in the width direction. Similarly, on both sides of the center of the vehicle body longitudinal direction of the fixed piece 43A, between the bolt insertion holes 43h on both inner sides in the vehicle body width direction and the central bolt insertion hole 43h in the vehicle body width direction, rectangular waist panel spacers 503 are adhered to the surface of the fixed piece 43A on the vehicle interior side in the width direction.

[0064] As will be described later, the upper end portion 32U of the waist panel 32 abuts against the surfaces of the waist panel spacers 502, 503 on the vehicle inner side in the width direction. That is, the waist panel spacers 502, 503 are interposed between the upper end portion 32U of the waist panel 32 and the fixing piece 43A. Note that the spacers for abutting the upper end portion 32U of the waist panel 32 on the vehicle outer side in the width direction, including the waist panel spacer 501 described above, are collectively referred to as "spacers 50."

[0065] A shock absorber 60 is adhered to the surface of the top panel 133A of the stud 133 on the vehicle interior side in the width direction over the entire height. The shock absorber 60 is made of a resilient material such as sponge. The surface of the shock absorber 60 on the vehicle interior side in the width direction is parallel to the inner surface of the side outer panel 130. The shock absorber 60 abuts against the back surface of the right end 32R of the waist panel 32 installed on the left side and the left end 32L of the waist panel 32 installed on the right side. The shock absorber 60 covers the inner second receiver 422 in a perpendicular manner.

[0066] Furthermore, a blown-up panel 44 is provided on the surface of the top panel portion 132A of each vertical pillar 132 on the vehicle's inboard side in the width direction. The blown-up panel 44 extends from the upper end of the floor covering support 135 to the upper end of the fixing piece 43A. The surface of the blown-up panel 44 on the vehicle's inboard side in the width direction is parallel to the inner surface of the side outer panel 130. The blown-up panel 44 abuts against the back surface of the left end 32L of the waist panel 32 installed on the left side and the right end 32R of the waist panel 32 installed on the right side. An outer second support 421 is adhered to the surface of the blown-up panel 44 on the vehicle's outboard side in the width direction, and the blown-up panel 44 covers the outer second support 421 in a perpendicular manner. However, the attachment location of the outer second support 421 can be set appropriately, and the outer second support 421 does not necessarily have to be attached to the blown-up panel 44. For example, if the blowing panel 44 is not provided, the outer second receiving member 421 may be attached to the top plate portion 132A of the vertical pillar 132.

[0067] Next, a structure for fixing the window gusset 31 and the waist panel 32 to the side structure 13, and a structure for attaching the waist panel 32 to the side structure 13 will be described.

[0068] First, the mounting structure of waist panel 32 to side structure 13 will be described. Waist panel 32 is supported by side structure 13 in a state where it can move along the longitudinal direction of the car body and is restrained in the width direction of the car body, by attaching first mounting fixture 321 to first receiving fixture 41 and second mounting fixture 322 to second receiving fixture 42.

[0069] 6A and 6B are diagrams showing an example of the mounting structure of the first mounting fixture 321 to the first receiving fixture 41 (mounting structure at the first receiving fixture 41 shown in FIG. 5B), and FIGS. 7A and 7B are diagrams showing an example of the mounting structure of the second mounting fixture 322 to the second receiving fixture 42 (mounting structure at the outer second receiving fixture 421 shown in FIG. 5C). For convenience, the waist panel 32 is omitted from FIGS. 6A and 7A.

[0070] As shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B , the first insertion piece 321A of the rectangular, flat first mounting fixture 321 is inserted from above between the leaf spring member 41B and the liner plate 41C of the first receiving fixture 41 and is retained by the first receiving fixture 41 so that it faces upward in the vehicle height direction. The first insertion piece 321A is tightly sandwiched between the leaf spring member 41B and the liner plate 41C on both sides in the vehicle width direction, and is pressed (pushed) toward the vehicle exterior in the width direction by the leaf spring member 41B. Therefore, movement of the first mounting fixture 321 in the vehicle width direction is restricted. Furthermore, nothing in the first receiving fixture 41 faces the first insertion piece 321A in the vehicle length direction. That is, the first insertion piece 321A is fixed only by the frictional force generated by the pressing force of the leaf spring member 41B, and is movable in the vehicle length direction against the frictional force relative to the first receiving fixture 41. Therefore, when attached to the first receiving part 41, the first mounting tool 321 is slidable in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body along the guide part 41A1 that serves as the base of the first receiving part 41.

[0071] As shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the second mounting fixture 322 is sandwiched from above by the rectangular, flat outer protruding piece 421A of the outer second receiving fixture 421, between the main body member 322A and the leaf spring member 322B, and is locked upward in the vehicle height direction by the outer second receiving fixture 421. The outer protruding piece 421A is tightly sandwiched between the guide portion 322A1 of the main body member 322A and the leaf spring member 322B on both sides in the vehicle width direction, and is subjected to pressure (pushed) by the leaf spring member 322B toward the vehicle width direction. Therefore, movement of the second mounting fixture 322 in the vehicle width direction is restricted. Furthermore, there is nothing in the second mounting fixture 322 that faces the outer protruding piece 421A in the vehicle length direction. That is, second mounting fixture 322 is fixed only by the frictional force generated by the pressing force of leaf spring member 322B, and is movable in the vehicle body longitudinal direction against the frictional force in relation to outer protruding piece 421A. Therefore, when second mounting fixture 322 is attached to second receiver 42, it is slidable in the vehicle body longitudinal direction along outer protruding piece 421A.

[0072] Next, the structure for fixing the window casing 31 and the waist panel 32 to the side structure 13 will be described. The waist panel 32 is fixed to the side structure 13 integrally with the window casing 31. Fig. 8 is a diagram schematically showing the structure for fixing the window casing 31 and the waist panel 32 to the side structure 13. Note that Fig. 8 shows a cross section of the most protruding part of the right table portion 31Dt shown in Fig. 3B.

[0073] As shown in Fig. 8, the fixing piece 43A of the third receiving member 43, the upper end portion 32U of the waist panel 32, and the lower frame 31D of the window casing 31 are aligned from the outer side of the vehicle in the width direction toward the inner side of the vehicle. The fixing piece 43A and the upper end portion 32U are joined via a waist panel spacer 502. The upper end portion 32U and the lower frame 31D are joined via a window casing spacer 51.

[0074] Also, although not shown in Figure 8, the six bolt insertion holes 43h formed in the fixing piece 43A, the three bolt insertion holes 32Uh formed in the upper end portions 32U of the two waist panels 32, and the six bolt insertion holes 31Dh formed in the lower frame 31D are connected in the vehicle width direction.

[0075] Furthermore, floating nuts 53 are fixed with rivets (not shown) to the surface of the bolt insertion hole 43h of the fixing piece 43A on the vehicle's outer side in the width direction. Then, screws 54 are inserted into the bolt insertion holes 31Dh, 32Uh, and 43h from the vehicle's inner side in the vehicle width direction of the lower frame 31D and fastened with the floating nuts 53. Although not shown, screws 54 are similarly inserted into the bolt insertion holes 31Dh, 32Uh, and 501h from the vehicle's inner side in the width direction of the lower frame 31D at both ends in the vehicle's longitudinal direction when the window casing 31 is installed and fastened with floating nuts. As a result, the upper end 32U and the lower frame 31D are integrally fixed to the third bracket 43 fixed to the cross frame member 131 and the vertical pillar 132.

[0076] The positional and dimensional relationship between the first mounting fixture 321 and the second mounting fixture 322 and the first receiver 41 and the second receiver 42 is such that when the tip of the first insertion piece 321A of the first mounting fixture 321 is positioned at the tip of the leaf spring member 41B of the first receiver 41, the tip of the guide portion 322A1 of the second mounting fixture 322 and the tip of the leaf spring member 322B are positioned above the upper end of the protruding piece 42A of the second receiver 42, and when the tip of the first insertion piece 321A of the first mounting fixture 321 is positioned at the base of the leaf spring member 41B of the first receiver 41 (the maximum insertion position), the second mounting fixture 322 covers the protruding piece 42A of the second receiver 42 with the guide portion 322A1 and the leaf spring member 322B.

[0077] The window casing 31 is fixed to the side body structure 13 at a predetermined location other than the bottom frame 31D. Conventional technology can be applied to the structure for fixing the window casing 31 to the side body structure 13 at a predetermined location other than the bottom frame 31D. For example, the left frame 31L and the right frame 31R are fixed to the vertical pillars 132 with hook-and-loop fasteners in a state where they are restrained so as not to slide in the car body width direction, car body length direction, and car body height direction. Furthermore, the upper frame 31U is fixed to a cross frame member (not shown) located near the top of the large side window 23 with screws (not shown), so that it is fixed in a state where it is restrained so as not to slide in the car body width direction, car body length direction, and car body height direction.

[0078] Next, a method for manufacturing a railway vehicle will be described, including a method for attaching the interior panel 30 to the side body structure 13. Fig. 9 is a flowchart of the method for manufacturing a railway vehicle, including a method for attaching the interior panel 30 to the side body structure 13. The method for attaching the interior panel 30 to the side body structure 13 includes a waist panel attaching step S1, a window frame positioning step S2, a waist panel position adjusting step S3, and a window frame / waist panel fastening step S4.

[0079] In the waist panel installation process S1, the first mounting fixture 321 is inserted into the first receiving fixture 41 from above in the vehicle height direction, and the second mounting fixture 322 is placed over the second receiving fixture 42 from above in the vehicle height direction, thereby attaching the waist panel 32 to the side structure 13 in a state where the lower part and both sides can slide in the vehicle length direction and are restrained in the vehicle width direction.

[0080] In the first embodiment, two waist panels 32 are installed for one window casing 31, so after the waist panel mounting step S1 is performed for one waist panel 32, the waist panel mounting step S1 is performed for the next waist panel 32.

[0081] In the window casing positioning process S2, the position of the window casing 31 is adjusted based on the large side window 23 that has already been installed, and then the window casing 31 is fixed to the side body structure 13 at locations other than the bottom frame 31D (top frame 31U, left frame 31L, right frame 31R). In other words, the bottom frame 31D is temporarily attached. Here, the bottom frame 31D of the window casing 31 is placed over the inside of the vehicle in the width direction of the upper end portions 32U of the two waist panels 32.

[0082] In the waist panel position adjustment process S3, the waist panel 32 is moved along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body to adjust the position of the waist panel 32 relative to the temporarily attached window casing 31, and the joints between the window casing 31 and the waist panel 32 in the vehicle height direction are aligned (the ends of the window casing 31 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body are aligned with the ends of the waist panel 32 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body).

[0083] In the window casing / waist panel fastening process S4, screws 54 are inserted into bolt insertion holes 31Dh, 32Uh, 43h, etc. and fastened to floating nuts 53, etc., thereby fixing the window casing 31 and waist panel 32 integrally to the side structure 13.

[0084] As described above, the vehicle 1 according to the first embodiment includes the side structure 13 and the interior panel 30 arranged on the inside of the side structure 13 in the vehicle width direction, the interior panel 30 having the window crease 31 and the waist panel 32, the window crease 31 and the waist panel 32 being supported by the side structure, the waist panel 32 being arranged below the window crease 31, the third receiving member 43 provided on the side structure 13 being arranged on the outside of the upper end 32U of the waist panel 32 in the vehicle width direction, and the lower frame 31D of the window crease 31 supporting the upper end 32U of the waist panel 32 against the vehicle body. The window casing 31 is covered from the inside in the width direction, and bolts 52 are inserted into the lower frame 31D of the window casing 31, the upper end 32U of the waist panel 32, and the third receiving fixture 43 from the inside side of the vehicle width direction, and the lower frame 31D of the window casing 31, the upper end 32U of the waist panel 32, and the third receiving fixture 43 are fastened together by the bolts 52, and the window casing 31 is fixed directly or indirectly to the side structure 13 by the upper frame 31U, left frame 31L, and right frame 31R other than the lower frame 31D, and the waist panel 32 is not fixed directly or indirectly to the side structure 13 other than by the upper end 32U. The lower frame 31D of the window casing 31 and the upper end 32U of the waist panel 32 are integrally fastened to the third bracket 43. The window casing 31 is directly or indirectly fixed to the side structure 13 by the upper frame 31U, left frame 31L, and right frame 31R (excluding the lower frame 31D). The waist panel 32 is not directly or indirectly fixed to the side structure 13 by any part other than the upper end 32U. This means that when attaching the interior panel 30 to the side structure 13, the waist panel 32 can be first positioned in an appropriate location, and then the window casing 31 can be positioned and temporarily attached by fixing it to parts other than the lower frame 31D. The position of the waist panel 32 in the longitudinal direction of the carbody can then be adjusted to match the position of the window casing 31. This eliminates the need for the conventional process of temporarily attaching and then removing the window casing. This facilitates attachment of the interior panel 30 to the side structure 13 while preventing a deterioration in the aesthetic appearance of the carbody 10.

[0085] Furthermore, according to the vehicle 1 of the first embodiment, a first mounting fixture 321 is provided at the lower end 32D of the waist panel 32, and a first receiver 41 that restrains the first mounting fixture 321 in the carbody width direction is provided on the side structure 13, and the first mounting fixture 321 is slidable in the carbody longitudinal direction while being restrained in the carbody width direction by the first receiver 41. Because the first mounting fixture 321 is slidably attached at the lower end 32D of the waist panel 32, the positioning of the waist panel 32 can be stably performed. Furthermore, according to the vehicle 1 of the first embodiment, a second mounting fixture 322 is provided at at least one side end 32L, 32R of the waist panel 32, and a second receiver 42 that restrains the second mounting fixture 322 in the carbody width direction is provided on the side structure 13, and the second mounting fixture 322 is slidable in the carbody longitudinal direction while being restrained in the carbody width direction by the second receiver 42. Since the waist panel 32 is slidably attached to the side structure 13 at a position close to the lower end 32D of the waist panel 32, the attachment work of the waist panel 32 becomes easy.

[0086] Furthermore, according to the manufacturing method of a railway vehicle that includes the above-mentioned method of attaching the interior panel 30 to the side structure 13, the conventional process of temporarily attaching the window frame and then removing it can be omitted, thereby making it possible to easily attach the interior panel to the side structure while preventing a decrease in aesthetic appeal.

[0087] (Modification of the first embodiment) The first embodiment is merely an example and does not limit the present invention in any way. Therefore, the present invention can naturally be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, modifications of the first embodiment will be described. Note that the modifications described below can also be combined as appropriate.

[0088] Two waist panels 32 are arranged side by side in the vehicle body longitudinal direction below the large side windows 23, but the number of waist panels 32 arranged below the large side windows 23 is not limited to two. Therefore, one waist panel 32 may be arranged below the large side windows 23, or three or more waist panels 32 may be arranged side by side in the vehicle body longitudinal direction below the large side windows 23. Alternatively, one waist panel 32 may be arranged below the small side windows 22. Furthermore, the two waist panels 32 arranged side by side below the large side windows 23 have the same structure, but when there are multiple waist panels 32 arranged side by side below the large side windows 23, the structures of all or some of the waist panels 32 may be different from each other. However, in these modified examples, from the viewpoint of the aesthetics of the interior of the vehicle body 10, it is preferable that both ends of the large side windows 23 in the vehicle body longitudinal direction and both ends of the waist panels 32 arranged below them in the vehicle body longitudinal direction are connected in a straight line in the vehicle body height direction.

[0089] The structures of the first mounting fixture 321 and the second mounting fixture 322 and the structures of the first receiving fixture 41 and the second receiving fixture 42 may be modified as appropriate within the range that satisfies the condition that the waist panel 32 is slidable in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body and is restrained in the width direction of the vehicle body. For example, in the first embodiment, the first mounting fixture 321 is insertable into the first receiving fixture 41 and the second mounting fixture 322 is insertable into the second receiving fixture 42, but both the first mounting fixture 321 and the second mounting fixture 322 may be insertable into or insertable into the first receiving fixture 41 and the second receiving fixture 42.

[0090] When attaching the waist panel 32 to the side structure 13 using the first mounting fixture 321 and the second mounting fixture 322, the first receiving fixture 41 engages the first mounting fixture 321, and the second receiving fixture 42 engages the second mounting fixture 322, so that the waist panel 32 is supported on the side structure 13 via the first receiving fixture 41 and the second receiving fixture 42, but either the first receiving fixture 41 or the second receiving fixture 42 may engage the first mounting fixture 321 or the second mounting fixture 322. In this case, however, if it is the first receiving fixture 41 that is not engaged, it is considered that at least the first insertion piece 321A is inserted between the guide portion 41A1 and the leaf spring member 41B, and if it is the second receiving fixture 42 that is not engaged, it is considered that at least the guide portion 322A1 and the leaf spring member 322B are covered by the protruding piece 42A.

[0091] The positional relationship between the main body member 41A and the leaf spring member 41B in the first receiving fixture 41 in the vehicle width direction may be reversed. Furthermore, the leaf spring member 41B may be plate-shaped like the guide portion 41A1 of the main body member 41A. Furthermore, the positional relationship between the main body member 322A and the leaf spring member 322B in the second mounting fixture 322 in the direction perpendicular to the waist spring may be reversed. Furthermore, the leaf spring member 322B may be plate-shaped like the guide portion 322A1 of the main body member 322A.

[0092] The attachment position and number of attachments at the lower end 32D of the waist panel 32 to the side structure 13, as well as the attachment position and number of attachments at the side end portions 32L, R of the waist panel 32 to the side structure 13, are not particularly limited, and may be changed as appropriate within the range that satisfies the condition that the waist panel 32 is slidable in the vehicle body width direction and is restrained in the vehicle body width direction at the side end portions 32L, 32R and the lower end portion 32D.

[0093] The fixing position and number of fixings at the upper end 32U of the waist panel 32 to the side structure 13, in other words, the points and number of points where the waist panel 32 and the window gusset 31 are fixed integrally to the side structure 13, are not particularly limited and may be changed as appropriate.

[0094] Second Embodiment Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the following, the second embodiment will be mainly described with respect to the differences from the first embodiment. Furthermore, the same reference numerals and terms will be used for the same or similar corresponding configurations as those in the first embodiment.

[0095] The waist panel 32' according to the second embodiment does not have the second mounting fixture 322 of the first embodiment. That is, the waist panel 32' is not attached to the side structure 13 in a state where side ends 32L, 32R are slidable in the carbody longitudinal direction but are constrained in the carbody width direction. The waist panel 32' is attached to the side structure 13 in a state where upper end 32U, in addition to lower end 32D, is slidable in the carbody longitudinal direction but is constrained in the carbody width direction. The upper end 32U of the waist panel 32' is provided with a third mounting fixture 323 for attaching the waist panel to the side structure 13 in a state where upper end 32U is slidable in the carbody longitudinal direction but is constrained in the carbody width direction.

[0096] Figure 10 is a rear view of a waist panel 32' according to the second embodiment. As shown in Figure 10, three third mounting fixtures 323 are provided, one on the left and one on the right of the center of the waist panel in the horizontal direction. The positions of the three third mounting fixtures 323 in the horizontal direction of the waist panel are within a range in which they come into contact with the waist panel spacers 502 when the waist panel 32' is fixed to the side structure 13. The three third mounting fixtures 323 are formed to protrude upward by a certain width from the upper end of the upper end 32U of the waist panel 32'.

[0097] 11 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram simply illustrating the mounting structure of the waist panel 32′ to the side structure 13 with the third mounting fixture 323 according to the second embodiment. Note that the position in the car body height direction of the upper end of the portion of the upper end 32U other than the portion where the third mounting fixture 323 is provided is the same as the position in the car body height direction of the upper end of the fixing piece 43A of the third receiver 43.

[0098] As shown in Figure 11, the third mounting fixture 323 has a front panel portion 323A, a side panel portion 323B, and a back panel portion 323C. The front panel portion 323A extends continuously from the upper end portion 32U upward in the vertical direction of the waist panel. The side panel portion 323B is bent at a substantially right angle from the upper end portion of the front panel portion 323A to the rear side in the direction perpendicular to the waist panel. The back panel portion 323C is bent downward at a substantially right angle from the rear end of the side panel portion 323B in the direction perpendicular to the waist panel.

[0099] The top panel 323A and the back panel 323C are parallel to the height of the lumbar panel in a side view. The lower end of the back panel 323C is located below the lower end of the top panel 323A, or in other words, the upper end of the upper end 32U. Furthermore, the space K1 defined by the top panel 323A, the side panel 323B, and the back panel 323C is open on both sides of the lumbar panel in the horizontal direction and on the bottom. Furthermore, the distance between the back surface of the top panel 323A and the top surface of the back panel 323C—in other words, the length of the space K1 in the direction perpendicular to the lumbar panel—is approximately the same as the combined length of the fixing piece 43A and the lumbar panel spacer 502. Then, by inserting the fixing piece 43A and the waist panel spacer 502 into the space K1, the third mounting fixture 323 is hooked to the part of the fixing piece 43A where the waist panel spacer 502 is joined, in a state where it can slide in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body and is restrained in the width direction of the vehicle body.

[0100] The method of attaching the interior panel 30 to the side structure 13 according to the second embodiment also includes the waist panel attaching step S1, the window frame positioning step S2, the waist panel position adjusting step S3, and the window frame / waist panel fastening step S4. However, in the waist panel attaching step S1, the first mounting fixture 321 is inserted into the first receiving fixture 41 from above in the car body height direction, and the third mounting fixture 323 is hooked from above in the car body height direction onto the portion of the fixing piece 43A where the waist panel spacer 502 is joined.

[0101] Third Embodiment Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the following, the third embodiment will be mainly described with respect to the differences from the second embodiment. Furthermore, the same reference numerals and terms will be used for the same or similar corresponding configurations as those in the second embodiment.

[0102] In the waist panel 32'' of the third embodiment, a fourth mounting fixture 324 is provided at the same position as the third mounting fixture 323 in the second embodiment, for mounting the waist panel 32'' to the side structure 13 in a state where it can slide in the longitudinal direction of the car body and is restrained in the width direction of the car body.

[0103] 12 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram illustrating in simplified form the mounting structure of the waist panel to the side structure 13 using the fourth mounting fixture 324 according to the third embodiment. As shown in FIG. 12, the fourth mounting fixture 324 has a base member 324A and a leaf spring member 324B.

[0104] The cross section of base member 324A perpendicular to the lumbar panel horizontal direction is L-shaped, and base member 324A has vertical plate portion 324A1 that continues from upper end portion 32U and extends vertically upward of the lumbar panel, and horizontal plate portion 324A2 that bends at a substantially right angle from the upper end of the vertical plate portion to the back side in the direction perpendicular to the lumbar panel. The length of horizontal plate portion 324A2 in the direction perpendicular to the lumbar panel is longer than the combined length of fixing piece 43A and lumbar panel spacer 502.

[0105] A leaf spring member 324B is provided at a location beyond the bend of the horizontal plate portion 324A2 with the vertical plate portion 324A1, a distance greater than the combined thickness of the fixing piece 43A and the waist panel spacer 502. The leaf spring member 324B includes a pressure leaf spring 324B1 and a screw 324B2 for fastening the pressure leaf spring 324B1 to the horizontal plate portion 324A2. The pressure leaf spring 324B1 is fastened to the horizontal plate portion 324A2 with the screw 324B2 in a state parallel to the vertical plate portion 324A1 and facing the horizontal plate portion 324A2 at a distance approximately equal to the combined thickness of the fixing piece 43A and the waist panel spacer 502 in the direction perpendicular to the waist panel. The pressure leaf spring 324B1 can apply pressure toward the vertical plate portion 324A1 in the direction perpendicular to the waist panel. Furthermore, the space K2 defined by the base member 324A and the leaf spring member 324B is open on both sides in the lateral direction of the waist panel and on the bottom side. Furthermore, the length of the space K2 in the direction perpendicular to the waist panel is approximately the same as the combined length of the fixing piece 43A and the waist panel spacer 502. The fourth mounting fixture 324 is attached to the third receiving fixture 43 by inserting the fixing piece 43A and the waist panel spacer 502 into the space K2. Therefore, the waist panel 32'' is attached in a state where its upper end 32U can slide in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body but is restrained in the width direction of the vehicle body.

[0106] 12 also includes the waist panel mounting step S1, window frame positioning step S2, waist panel position adjustment step S3, and window frame / waist panel fastening step S4 according to the first embodiment. However, in the waist panel mounting step S1, the first mounting fixture 321 is inserted into the first receiving fixture 41 from above in the car body height direction, and the vertical plate portion 324A1 of the fourth mounting fixture 324 and the holding leaf spring 324B1 are fitted from above in the car body height direction over the portion of the fixing piece 43A to which the waist panel spacer 502 is joined.

[0107] As described above, in the vehicle 1 according to the second and third embodiments, the third receiver 43 is provided with a plate-shaped fixing piece 43A that is substantially perpendicular to the carbody width direction, the third mounting fixture 323 and the fourth mounting fixture 324 are provided at the upper end 32U of the waist panel 32, the third mounting fixture 323 and the fourth mounting fixture 324 have spaces K1 and K2 that are open on their lower sides and on both sides in the carbody longitudinal direction, and the fixing piece 43A is inserted into the spaces K1 and K2. This makes it possible to use the third receiver 43 to mount the waist panel 32 to the side structure 13 in a state where it is constrained in the carbody width direction but is slidable in the carbody longitudinal direction, thereby reducing the number of parts and achieving cost reductions.

[0108] Although not shown, the side structures 13 according to the second and third embodiments are not provided with the second receivers 42 according to the first embodiment. Furthermore, the positional and dimensional relationships between the first mounting fixture 321, the third mounting fixture 323, the fourth mounting fixture 324, and the first receiving fixture 41 and the third receiving fixture 43 are such that when the tip of the first insertion piece 321A of the first mounting fixture 321 is positioned at the tip of the leaf spring member 41B of the first receiving fixture 41, the tip of the back plate portion 323C of the third mounting fixture 323 and the tip of the retaining leaf spring 324B1 of the fourth mounting fixture 324 are positioned above the upper end of the fixed piece 43A of the third receiving fixture 43, and when the tip of the first insertion piece 321A of the first mounting fixture 321 is positioned at the base of the leaf spring member 41B of the first receiving fixture 41 (the maximum insertion position), the fixed piece 43A of the third receiving fixture 43 is inserted into the space K1 of the third mounting fixture 323 and the space K2 of the fourth mounting fixture 324.

[0109] It should be noted that the present embodiment is merely an example and does not limit the present invention in any way. Naturally, the present invention can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0110] 1...Vehicle 10...Structure 13...Side structure 30...Interior panel 31...Window Window 31U...upper frame, 31D...lower frame, 31L...left frame, 31R...right frame 32...waist panel 32U...Top end, 32D...Bottom end, 32L...Left end, 32R...Right end 321...first mounting portion, 322...second mounting portion, 323...third mounting portion, 324...fourth mounting portion 41...1st receiver, 42...2nd receiver, 43...3rd receiver 52...Volts 130... Side outer plate, 131... Horizontal frame member, 132... Vertical column, 135... Floor mat holder K1, K2…Space part

Claims

1. a side structure; and an interior panel arranged on an interior side of the side structure in a vehicle body width direction, The interior panel has a window frame and a waist panel, The window casing and the waist panel are each supported on the side structure of a railway vehicle, The waist panel is disposed below the window casing, a fixing receiver provided on the side structure is disposed on the outer side of the upper end of the waist panel in the car body width direction, a lower end portion of the window crease covers an upper end portion of the waist panel from the vehicle interior side in the vehicle body width direction; Fasteners are inserted into the lower end of the window casing, the upper end of the waist panel, and the fixing receiver from the inside of the vehicle in the width direction of the vehicle body, and the lower end of the window casing and the upper end of the waist panel are integrally fastened to the fixing receiver by the fasteners, The window crease is fixed directly or indirectly to the side structure at a predetermined location other than the lower end portion, A railway vehicle, wherein the waist panel is not fixed directly or indirectly to the side structure other than the upper end portion.

2. 2. The railway vehicle according to claim 1, A lower end attachment is provided at the lower end of the waist panel, a lower end receiver for attaching the lower end mounting fixture to the side structure; The railway vehicle is characterized in that the lower end mounting fixture is attached to the lower end support in a state where it is restrained in the width direction of the car body and is slidable in the longitudinal direction of the car body.

3. 2. The railway vehicle according to claim 1, At least one of the waist panels A side end attachment is provided at the side end, a side end receiving tool for attaching the side end mounting tool to the side structure; The side end mounting fixtures are attached to the side end supports in a state where they are constrained in the width direction of the car body and are slidable in the longitudinal direction of the car body.

4. 2. The railway vehicle according to claim 1, The fixing receiver is provided with a plate-shaped fixing piece that is substantially perpendicular to the vehicle body width direction, An upper end attachment is provided at the upper end of the waist panel, the upper end mounting fixture has a space portion that is open on a lower side and on both sides in the vehicle body longitudinal direction, The railway vehicle, wherein the fixing piece is inserted into the space.

5. A method for manufacturing a railway vehicle according to any one of claims 2 to 4, a first step of attaching the lower end attachment fixture, the side end attachment fixture, or the upper end attachment fixture to the lower end support fixture, the side end support fixture, or the upper end support fixture; a second step of directly or indirectly fixing the window frame to the side structure at a predetermined location other than the lower end portion; a third step of sliding the lower panel in the vehicle body longitudinal direction to align the position of the lower panel with the position of the window crease; and a fourth step of inserting the fasteners into the lower end of the window casing, the upper end of the waist panel, and the fixing holder from the inside of the car in the width direction of the car body, and using the fasteners to integrally fasten the lower end of the window casing and the upper end of the waist panel to the fixing holder.

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