Work machine

Abstract

To provide a work machine which improves visibility inside a building and in which maintenance can be done at a stable posture.SOLUTION: A work machine comprises: a vehicle body (3); and a building (8) having an inside space storing an engine (9) and a cooling water tank (13). The inside space of the building (8) is provided with a first step (24) and a second step (25). The first step (24) and the second step (25) cover the engine (9) from above, are located across the entire fore-and-aft area of the opening (17) formed in a top panel (8T) of the building (8), and are disposed at different positions to the right of the center in the left-right direction within a range of an opening (17) in a plan view from above the building (8). The first step (24) is provided at a right end of the opening (17), and the second step (25) is located to be lower than the first step (24), at the left of the first step (24), and closer to the cooling water tank (13).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a work machine provided with steps that can be used as footholds during maintenance. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, there has been known a work machine that includes a vehicle body, a building that houses components (e.g., an engine) for operating the vehicle body, and an opening / closing cover that opens and closes the top of the building. In such a work machine, the components housed in the building require periodic maintenance.

[0003] Therefore, the work machine described in Patent Document 1 is provided with steps that serve as footholds when performing maintenance on components housed in a building. More specifically, the steps in Patent Document 1 are located above the engine and in a position that is exposed when the cover is opened. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-257115 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] In order for an operator to perform maintenance work in a stable posture, it is desirable for the area of ​​the steps serving as footholds to be large. However, in Patent Document 1, if the area of ​​the steps is increased, there is a problem that visibility inside the building is reduced.

[0006] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned circumstances, and its object is to provide a work machine that improves visibility inside a building and allows maintenance work to be performed in a stable posture. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a vehicle comprising a vehicle body, an engine building having an internal space for accommodating an engine for operating the vehicle body and a cooling water tank for storing cooling water for cooling the engine, and an opening / closing cover supported by the engine building, wherein the engine building has an upper surface panel that defines an upper surface of the internal space, a left surface panel that defines a left surface of the internal space, a right surface panel that defines a right surface of the internal space, and a back surface panel that defines a back surface of the internal space, and an opening is formed in the upper surface panel at a position facing the engine, and the opening / closing cover is movable between an open position that opens the opening and a closed position that closes the opening. In a movable work machine, a first step and a second step are provided in the internal space defined by the top panel, the left panel, the right panel, and the rear panel, and the first step and the second step cover the engine from above, are provided across the entire fore-and-aft area of ​​the opening, and are arranged at different positions closer to the right of the left-right center within the range of the opening when viewed in a plan view from above the engine building, and the first step is provided at the right end of the opening, and the second step is arranged lower than the first step, to the left of the first step, and close to the cooling water tank. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a work machine that can improve visibility inside a building and perform maintenance work in a stable posture. Problems, configurations, and effects other than those described above will become clear from the description of the following embodiments. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] 1 is a side view of a hydraulic excavator, which is a representative example of a work machine according to the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a plan view of the upper rotating body with the top panel removed. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the engine building with the openable cover closed. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the engine building with the first openable cover open. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 4. [Figure 6] 10 is a view showing the first opening / closing cover held in the open position by the holding mechanism. FIG. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is another example of a perspective view of the engine building with the openable cover closed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] An embodiment of a work machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a side view of a hydraulic excavator 1, which is a representative example of a work machine according to the present invention. In this specification, front, back, left, and right are based on the viewpoint of an operator who is on board and operating the hydraulic excavator 1, unless otherwise specified.

[0011] The hydraulic excavator 1 includes a lower traveling body 2 and an upper rotating body 3 supported by the lower traveling body 2. The lower traveling body 2 and the upper rotating body 3 are an example of a vehicle body. The lower traveling body 2 includes a pair of left and right crawlers. When rotation of a traveling motor (not shown) is transmitted to the pair of left and right crawlers to rotate, the hydraulic excavator 1 travels. However, the lower traveling body 2 may be a wheeled type instead of a crawler type.

[0012] The upper rotating body 3 is rotatably supported on the lower traveling body 2. The driving force of a swing motor (not shown) is transmitted to the upper rotating body 3, causing it to swing relative to the lower traveling body 2. The upper rotating body 3 mainly comprises a swing frame 5 serving as a base, a front working implement 4 attached to the center of the front end of the swing frame 5 so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction, a cab (driver's seat) 7 located on the front left side of the swing frame 5, a counterweight 6 located at the rear end of the swing frame 5, and an engine building 8 (building) supported on the swing frame 5 between the cab 7 and the counterweight 6.

[0013] The front working implement 4 includes a boom 4a supported on the upper rotating body 3 so that it can be raised and lowered, an arm 4b supported swingably at the tip of the boom 4a, a bucket 4c supported swingably at the tip of the arm 4b, and hydraulic cylinders 4d, 4e, and 4f that drive the boom 4a, arm 4b, and bucket 4c. The counterweight 6 is used to balance the weight of the front working implement 4, and is a heavy object that has an arc shape when viewed from above.

[0014] The cab 7 has an internal space in which an operator who operates the hydraulic excavator 1 sits. Inside the cab 7, there is a seat (not shown) on which the operator sits, and operating devices (steering wheel, pedals, levers, switches, etc.) that the operator seated in the seat operates. When the operator sitting in the cab 7 operates the operating devices, the lower traveling body 2 travels, the upper rotating body 3 rotates, and the front working implement 4 operates.

[0015] The engine building 8 is supported by the revolving frame 5 behind the front work implement 4 and the cab 7 and in front of the counterweight 6. The engine building 8 has an internal space surrounded by a top panel 8T, a pair of left and right side panels 8L and 8R, and a back panel 8B. More specifically, the top panel 8T defines the top surface of the interior space, the side panel 8L defines the left surface of the interior space, the side panel 8R defines the right surface of the interior space, and the rear panel 8B defines the rear surface of the interior space.

[0016] 2 is a plan view of the upper rotating body 3 with the top panel 8T removed. The internal space of the engine building 8 accommodates components for operating the hydraulic excavator 1 (engine 9, aftertreatment device 10, heat exchanger 11, cooling fan 12, cooling water tank 13, hydraulic pump 14, etc.). In addition, the rotating frame 5 supports a hydraulic oil tank 15 and a fuel tank 16 outside the engine building 8.

[0017] The engine 9 is disposed to the right of the heat exchanger 11 and the cooling fan 12, to the left of the aftertreatment device 10 and the hydraulic pump 14, and below the cooling water tank 13. The engine 9 generates driving force for operating the hydraulic excavator 1 (more specifically, the cooling fan 12 and the hydraulic pump 14).

[0018] The aftertreatment device 10 is disposed to the right of the engine 9. The aftertreatment device 10 purifies and discharges exhaust gas emitted from the engine 9. The aftertreatment device 10 removes, for example, Nox, NO, CO, HC, and the like from the exhaust gas.

[0019] Heat exchanger 11 is disposed to the left of cooling fan 12. Heat exchanger 11 includes a radiator that exchanges heat between the cooling water that has cooled engine 9 and the cooling air generated by cooling fan 12 and supplies the heat to engine 9 again. Heat exchanger 11 may also include an intercooler that cools air compressed by a supercharger (turbocharger), a hydraulic oil cooler that cools hydraulic oil stored in hydraulic oil tank 15, and the like.

[0020] The cooling fan 12 is disposed to the right of the heat exchanger 11, to the left of the engine 9, and below the cooling water tank 13. The cooling fan 12 is rotated by the driving force of the engine 9, thereby generating cooling air inside the engine building 8.

[0021] The cooling water tank 13 is disposed to the right of the cooling fan 12 and above the engine 9. The cooling water tank 13 stores a portion of the cooling water circulating between the engine 9 and the heat exchanger 11. A cap is attached to the top surface of the cooling water tank 13 to close the opening for refilling the cooling water.

[0022] The hydraulic pump 14 is disposed to the right of the aftertreatment device 10. When the driving force of the engine 9 is transmitted to the hydraulic pump 14, the hydraulic pump 14 supplies hydraulic oil stored in a hydraulic oil tank 15 to the hydraulic actuators (travel motor, swing motor, and hydraulic cylinders 4d, 4e, and 4f). As a result, the lower traveling body 2 travels, the upper swing body 3 swings, and the front working implement 4 operates.

[0023] The hydraulic oil tank 15 is located to the right of the front working implement 4, in front of the engine building 8, and behind the fuel tank 16. The hydraulic oil tank 15 stores hydraulic oil to be supplied to the hydraulic actuators. The fuel tank 16 is located to the right of the front working implement 4 and in front of the hydraulic oil tank 15. The fuel tank 16 stores fuel to be supplied to the engine 9.

[0024] Inside the engine building 8, a heat exchanger 11, a cooling fan 12, an engine 9, an aftertreatment device 10, and a hydraulic pump 14 are arranged in this order from left to right. Furthermore, a cooling water tank 13 is disposed above the engine 9 and the cooling fan 12. In other words, inside the engine building 8, components for driving the hydraulic excavator 1 are arranged three-dimensionally. Furthermore, these components require maintenance (for example, refilling the cooling water tank 13 with cooling water).

[0025] Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the engine building 8 with the first openable cover 19 and the second openable cover 20 closed. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the engine building 8 with the first openable cover 19 open. Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the main parts of Fig. 4.

[0026] 3 to 5, the top panel 8T is formed with a first opening 17 and a second opening 18. The first opening 17 penetrates the top panel 8T in the thickness direction at a position facing the engine 9 and the cooling water tank 13. The second opening 18 penetrates the top panel 8T in the thickness direction at a position facing the aftertreatment device 10.

[0027] The hydraulic excavator 1 is equipped with a first openable cover 19 that closes the first opening 17. The first openable cover 19 is supported by the upper panel 8T so as to be rotatable between a closed position (FIG. 3) and an open position (FIG. 4), and closes (closes) the first opening 17. More specifically, the first openable cover 19 rotates about a rotation axis that passes through the rear end of the cover and extends in the left-right direction.

[0028] 3 is a position where the first opening 17 (i.e., the upper surface of the internal space of the engine building 8) is closed. That is, when the first opening / closing cover 19 is in the closed position, the operator cannot access the internal space of the engine building 8 (more specifically, the engine 9 and the cooling water tank 13) through the first opening 17. Furthermore, the first opening / closing cover 19 in the closed position extends in a substantially horizontal direction.

[0029] 4 is a position where the first opening 17 (i.e., the upper surface of the internal space of the engine building 8) is open. That is, when the first opening / closing cover 19 is in the open position, the operator can access the internal space of the engine building 8 (more specifically, the engine 9 and the cooling water tank 13) through the first opening 17. Furthermore, the first opening / closing cover 19 in the open position stands upright above the rear end of the first opening 17.

[0030] The hydraulic excavator 1 is provided with a second openable cover 20 that closes the second opening 18. The specific structure of the second openable cover 20 is the same as that of the first openable cover 19, so a repeated description will be omitted. Then, the operator can access the internal space of the engine building 8 (more specifically, the aftertreatment device 10) through the second opening 18 by moving the second openable cover 20 to the open position.

[0031] 3 and 4, a plurality of external steps 21, 22, 23 are provided on the upper surface of the upper rotating body 3. The external steps 21 to 23 serve as footholds for an operator accessing the first opening and closing cover 19 and the second opening and closing cover 20. The external step 21 is disposed in front of the first opening and closing cover 19. The external steps 22 and 23 are disposed in front of the second opening and closing cover 20. The operator accesses the first opening and closing cover 19 and the second opening and closing cover 20 from the left front end side of the upper rotating body 3 through the external steps 21 to 23.

[0032] 3, a nameplate 19a is attached to the outer surface of the first opening / closing cover 19 (the surface facing upward when in the closed position). The nameplate 19a is placed on the external step 21 in a position that is easily visible to the operator (in the front right corner of the first opening / closing cover 19 in this embodiment). The nameplate 19a has written on it words or designs that prohibit the operator from using the first opening / closing cover 19 as a step, such as "Do not step on" or "Do not stand on." Furthermore, the length W of the first opening / closing cover 19 in the front-to-rear direction is longer than the predetermined stride length of the operator. The stride length of the operator is specified, for example, by ISO 2867.

[0033] In this way, it is not anticipated that an operator on the external step 21 will move backward through (or straddle) the first opening / closing cover 19. Therefore, there is no need to provide a fall prevention fence behind the first opening / closing cover 19. The same applies to the left of the first opening / closing cover 19 and the rear and right of the second opening / closing cover 20.

[0034] 4 and 5, a first internal step 24 (first step) and a second internal step 25 (second step) are provided in the internal space of the engine building 8. The first internal step 24 and the second internal step 25 are footholds for accessing the internal space of the engine building 8 (more specifically, the engine 9 and the cooling water tank 13) through the first opening 17.

[0035] The first internal step 24 and the second internal step 25 are arranged within the range of the first opening 17 when the engine building 8 is viewed from above. That is, the first internal step 24 and the second internal step 25 are covered by the first openable cover 19 which is in the closed position. Furthermore, the first internal step 24 and the second internal step 25 are exposed to the outside of the engine building 8 through the first opening 17 when the first openable cover 19 is in the open position. Furthermore, the first internal step 24 and the second internal step 25 are arranged so as to cover the engine 9 from above.

[0036] The first internal step 24 is provided at the right end of the first opening 17 and extends in the front-rear direction. The first internal step 24 is provided over the entire area of ​​the first opening 17 in the front-rear direction. The first internal step 24 is further formed with a plurality of slits 24a. The plurality of slits 24a penetrate the first internal step 24 in the thickness direction. The plurality of slits 24a extend in the front-rear direction at positions spaced apart in the left-right direction.

[0037] The second internal step 25 extends in the front-to-rear direction to the right of the cooling water tank 13 and to the left of the first internal step 24. The second internal step 25 is provided over the entire area of ​​the first opening 17 in the front-to-rear direction. The second internal step 25 has a plurality of punched holes 25a formed therein. The second internal step 25 is also positioned below the first internal step 24.

[0038] That is, the first internal step 24 and the second internal step 25 are arranged at positions offset in the horizontal direction (in the left-right direction in this embodiment) and at different positions in the up-down direction. In other words, the first internal step 24 and the second internal step 25 are arranged in a stepped manner inside the engine building 8 (more specifically, within the range of the first opening 17).

[0039] As one example, an operator can perform maintenance on the aftertreatment device 10 through the second opening 18 on the first internal step 24. As another example, an operator can perform maintenance on the heat exchanger 11, the cooling fan 12, and the cooling water tank 13 on the second internal step 25. Furthermore, through the gap between the first internal step 24 and the second internal step 25, the operator can visually check components (e.g., the engine 9, the engine oil level gauge, etc.) located deep inside the engine building 8 and perform maintenance on the components located deep inside the engine building 8.

[0040] Fig. 6 is a view showing the first openable cover 19 held in the open position by the holding mechanism 26. As shown in Figs. 4 and 6, the hydraulic excavator 1 is equipped with the holding mechanism 26 that holds the first openable cover 19 in the open position. The holding mechanism 26 is arranged on the opposite side of the first internal step 24 and the second internal step 25 in the left-right direction (the width direction of the hydraulic excavator 1) across the center of the first opening 17. The holding mechanism 26 is made up of a holding rod 27, a first bracket 28 fixed to the inner surface of the first openable cover 19, and a second bracket 29 fixed to the engine building 8 inside the first opening 17.

[0041] The holding rod 27 is a rod-shaped member that is hung between the first openable cover 19 and the engine building 8. One end of the holding rod 27 is rotatably supported by a first bracket 28. The other end of the holding rod 27 is slidably and rotatably supported by a second bracket 29.

[0042] As shown in Fig. 6, the first bracket 28 is fixed to the inner surface of the first opening / closing cover 19 (the surface facing downward when in the closed position). The first bracket 28 is composed of, for example, a base wall 28a, a support wall 28b, and a reinforcing wall 28c. The base wall 28a, the support wall 28b, and the reinforcing wall 28c are wall surfaces that are perpendicular to one another and are connected to one another. The base wall 28a is fixed to the first opening / closing cover 19. The support wall 28b rotatably supports one end of the holding rod 27. The reinforcing wall 28c reinforces the support wall 28b. The second bracket 29 has a horizontal hole 29a extending in the front-rear direction and a vertical hole 29b extending downward from the rear end of the horizontal hole 29a. However, the specific shapes of the first bracket 28 and the second bracket 29 are not limited thereto.

[0043] In the process in which the first open-close cover 19 is rotated from the closed position to the open position by the operator, the other end of the holding rod 27 slides rearward along the horizontal hole 29a while rotating. When the first openable cover 19 reaches the open position, the other end of the holding rod 27 moves downward along the vertical hole 29b.

[0044] This prevents the first openable cover 19 from returning to the closed position and keeps it in the open position. The angle that the first openable cover 19 makes with the horizontal direction when in the open position is maintained at, for example, about 80°. In other words, the first openable cover 19 in the open position functions as a fall prevention fence that prevents operators on the first internal step 24 and the second internal step 25 from falling to the rear of the hydraulic excavator 1.

[0045] On the other hand, when the operator pulls up the other end of the holding rod 27 from the vertical hole 29b, the first opening / closing cover 19 becomes rotatable from the open position to the closed position. Then, in the process of the first opening / closing cover 19 being rotated from the open position to the closed position by its own weight or manually by the operator, the other end of the holding rod 27 slides forward along the horizontal hole 29a while rotating.

[0046] According to the above embodiment, the first internal step 24 and the second internal step 25 are positioned at positions offset horizontally and at different positions vertically. This creates a vertical gap between the first internal step 24 and the second internal step 25. The operator can view the components located deep inside the engine building 8 through this gap. In addition, since the operator can work on a step at a height appropriate for the target of maintenance, the maintenance work can be performed in a stable posture.

[0047] Furthermore, according to the above embodiment, by arranging the first internal step 24 and the second internal step 25 inside the first opening 17, the opening area of ​​the first opening 17 can be made larger than when they are arranged outside the first opening 17. This makes it easier to perform maintenance work inside the engine building 8 through the first opening 17.

[0048] Furthermore, according to the above embodiment, the first internal step 24 and the second internal step 25 are arranged over a wide area within the first opening 17, making it possible to stably perform various maintenance tasks. As a result, even when performing infrequent maintenance tasks, there is no need to install new steps.

[0049] Also, according to the above embodiment, the slits 24a are formed in the first internal step 24 and the punched holes 25a are formed in the second internal step 25, so that the back of the engine building 8 can be seen through the slits 24a and the punched holes 25a. Furthermore, since the first internal step 24 and the second internal step 25 are positioned above the components (the engine 9 in this embodiment), the risk of damaging the engine 9 can be reduced even if something is dropped during maintenance.

[0050] Furthermore, according to the above embodiment, the first openable cover 19 can be made to function as a fall prevention fence by holding the first openable cover 19 in the open position with the holding mechanism 26. This makes it possible to omit an independent fall prevention fence that prevents the hydraulic excavator 1 from falling backward. As a result, the number of parts of the hydraulic excavator 1 can be reduced.

[0051] In the above embodiment, an example has been described in which both the first step and the second step are disposed inside the first opening 17. However, the first step may be disposed in a position adjacent to the first opening / closing cover 19 in the closed position. Fig. 7 is another example of a perspective view of the engine building 8 with the first opening / closing cover 19 and the second opening / closing cover 20 closed.

[0052] The "position adjacent to the first openable cover 19 in the closed position" refers to a position that is outside the first openable cover 19 in the closed position and close enough to the first openable cover 19 (in other words, the second step) that the first and second steps can function as staircase-like steps. For example, the external steps 21, 22, 23, and 30 shown in FIG. 7 are an example of the first step. In other words, the first step may be located in a position that is covered by the first openable cover 19 in the closed position, or on the top surface of the engine building 8 adjacent to the first openable cover 19 in the closed position.

[0053] In the above-described embodiment, the hydraulic excavator 1 equipped with a crawler-type undercarriage 2 has been described as an example of a work machine. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be applied to, for example, a hydraulic excavator equipped with a wheel-type undercarriage. In addition, the present invention can be widely applied to other work machines such as wheel loaders, dump trucks, and hydraulic cranes.

[0054] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to these embodiments. Those skilled in the art can implement the present invention in various other forms without departing from the spirit of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0055] 1 Hydraulic excavator (work machine) 2 Undercarriage (car body) 3 Upper rotating body (car body) 4 Front work equipment 4a Boom 4b Arm 4c Bucket 4d, 4e, 4f hydraulic cylinders 5 Swivel frame 6 Counterweight 7 Cab 8 Engine Building (Building) 8B Rear Panel 8L, 8R side panels 8T top panel 9 Engine 10 Aftertreatment device 11 Heat exchanger 12 Cooling fan 13 Cooling water tank 14 Hydraulic pump 15 Hydraulic oil tank 16. Fuel tank 17 First Opening 18 Second Opening 19 First opening / closing cover (opening / closing cover) 19a Nameplate 20 Second opening / closing cover (opening / closing cover) 21, 22, 23, 30 External Steps 24 First Internal Step (First Step) 24a slit 25 Second Internal Step (Second Step) 25a punch hole 26 Retention mechanism 27 Retaining Rod 28 First Bracket 28a Base wall 28b Supporting wall 28c Reinforced Wall 29 Second Bracket 29a Horizontal cave 29b Vertical hole

Claims

1. The car body and an engine building having an internal space for accommodating an engine for operating the vehicle body and a cooling water tank for storing cooling water for cooling the engine; an openable cover supported on the engine building; Equipped with The engine building comprises: The interior space has an upper panel that defines an upper surface of the interior space, a left panel that defines a left surface of the interior space, a right panel that defines a right surface of the interior space, and a rear panel that defines a rear surface of the interior space, an opening is formed in the upper panel at a position facing the engine, The openable cover is movable between an open position where the opening is opened and a closed position where the opening is closed. In the work machine, a first step and a second step are provided in the internal space defined by the top panel, the left panel, the right panel, and the rear panel; the first step and the second step cover the engine from above, are provided over the entire area of ​​the opening in the front-rear direction, and are disposed at different positions from each other, shifting to the right of the center in the left-right direction within the range of the opening, in a plan view from above the engine building, the first step is provided at the right end of the opening, The second step is lower than the first step, and is disposed to the left of the first step and close to the cooling water tank. A work machine characterized by:

2. 2. The work machine according to claim 1, an external step provided on the top surface of the engine building; Of the outer step, the first step, and the second step, a slit is formed in the first step. A work machine characterized by:

3. 2. The work machine according to claim 1, A vertical gap is formed between the first step and the second step. A work machine characterized by:

4. 2. The work machine according to claim 1, an aftertreatment device that purifies and discharges exhaust gas discharged from the engine; another openable cover supported on the engine building; Furthermore, the top panel has another opening formed at a position facing the post-processing device, the other opening / closing cover is movable between an open position at which the other opening is opened and a closed position at which the other opening is closed, The other opening and the first step are adjacent to each other. A work machine characterized by:

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