Detection system for musical instrument and musical instrument

Abstract

To reduce a space required for installing a detected part for detecting an operation by a user.SOLUTION: A detection system 30 comprises: a detected part 70 installed in a hammer shank 242 that is displaced according to a playing operation of a user; and a signal generation part including a first coil that generates a magnetic field, and generating a detection signal according to a distance between the detected part 70 and the first coil. The detected part 70 includes a flexible base material 72 fixed on the hammer shank 242, and second coils Lb1, Lb2 installed in the base material 72.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a technique for detecting the displacement of a movable member. [Background technology]

[0002] Various technologies have been proposed for detecting the displacement of a movable part in response to a user's performance. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a detection system that includes an active resonant circuit installed on the body of a keyboard instrument and a passive resonant circuit installed on each key. The active resonant circuit includes a coil that generates a magnetic field when supplied with a periodic signal, and generates a detection signal corresponding to the distance between the active resonant circuit coil and the coil of the passive resonant circuit. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] International Publication No. 2019 / 122867 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, because the coil of the passive resonant circuit is formed on a hard substrate, it is difficult to reduce the space required for installing the substrate. Also, the weight of the hard substrate on which the passive resonant circuit is formed may affect the displacement of the movable member. In consideration of the above circumstances, one aspect of the present disclosure aims to reduce the weight of a detection unit for detecting a user's operation and to reduce the space required for installing the detection unit. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, a detection system for a musical instrument according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a detectable part mounted on a movable member that is displaced in response to a user's playing operation, and a signal generating part that includes a first coil that generates a magnetic field and generates a detection signal in response to the distance between the detectable part and the first coil, and the detectable part includes a flexible substrate fixed to the movable member and a second coil mounted on the substrate.

[0006] A musical instrument according to one aspect of the present disclosure comprises a movable member that is displaced in response to a user's playing operation, a detectable portion installed on the movable member, and a signal generating portion that includes a first coil that generates a magnetic field and generates a detection signal in accordance with the distance between the detectable portion and the first coil, and the detectable portion includes a flexible substrate fixed to the movable member and a second coil installed on the substrate. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0007] [Figure 1] 1 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of a keyboard instrument according to a first embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a side view illustrating the configuration of a keyboard mechanism. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating the configuration of a hammer. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of a detection system and a control system. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram illustrating an electrical configuration of a magnetic sensor. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of a drive circuit. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a plan view illustrating the configuration of a signal generating unit. [Figure 8] 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line aa in FIG. 7. [Figure 9] 4A and 4B are explanatory diagrams of a magnetic field generated around a signal generating unit. [Figure 10] FIG. 2 is a plan view illustrating the configuration of a detection target portion; [Figure 11] 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line bb in FIG. 10. [Figure 12]FIG. 2 is a plan view of a conductive pattern in a detection target portion. [Figure 13] 4A and 4B are explanatory diagrams of a magnetic field generated around a part to be detected. [Figure 14] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a hammer shank. [Figure 15] 10 is a plan view illustrating the configuration of a detection target portion in a second embodiment. FIG. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line cc in FIG. [Figure 17] FIG. 10 is a perspective view illustrating the configuration of a hammer in a second embodiment. [Figure 18] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a hammer shank in a second embodiment. [Figure 19] FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of the effect of the second embodiment. [Figure 20] FIG. 11 is a side view illustrating the configuration of a pedal mechanism according to a third embodiment. [Figure 21] FIG. 11 is a side view illustrating the configuration of a pedal mechanism in a modified example of the third embodiment. [Figure 22] FIG. 10 is a side view illustrating the configuration of a keyboard mechanism according to a fourth embodiment. [Figure 23] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a hammer shank in a modified example. [Figure 24] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a hammer shank in a modified example. [Figure 25] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a movable member according to a modified example. [Figure 26] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a movable member according to a modified example. [Figure 27] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a movable member according to a modified example. [Figure 28] FIG. 10 is a perspective view illustrating the configuration of a hammer in a modified example. [Figure 29] 10A and 10B are explanatory diagrams illustrating positions where detection parts are installed in a modified example. [Figure 30] 10A and 10B are explanatory diagrams of a signal generating section and a detected section in a modified example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0008] A: First embodiment 1 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of a keyboard instrument 100 according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure. The keyboard instrument 100 is an instrument used by a user to play music, and includes a keyboard mechanism 20, a detection system 30, a control system 40, and a sound emission device 50.

[0009] The keyboard mechanism 20 includes a keyboard 21. The keyboard 21 is composed of a plurality of keys 211, including a plurality of white keys and a plurality of black keys. Each of the plurality of keys 211 is a performance operator that moves in response to a performance operation by a user. The user's operation includes key pressing and key release. The detection system 30 detects the user's operation. The detection system 30 is an example of a "musical instrument detection system." The control system 40 generates performance data in accordance with the detection results by the detection system 30. The performance data is time-series data that represents the user's performance operation.

[0010] FIG. 2 is a side view illustrating a specific configuration of the keyboard mechanism 20. FIG. 2 illustrates the configuration of one arbitrary key 211 of the keyboard 21. Each key 211 of the keyboard 21 is supported by a support 12 with a support part (balance pin) 11 as a fulcrum. The support 12 is a structure (frame) that supports each element of the keyboard instrument 100. The tip of the key 211 is displaced vertically when the user presses or releases the key. The keyboard mechanism 20 also includes a string 13 and a string-striking mechanism 22 for each key 211. The string-striking mechanism 22 corresponding to each key 211 is an action mechanism that strikes the string 13 in conjunction with the displacement of the key 211. The strings 13 are installed for each pitch. The string-striking mechanism 22 includes a transmission mechanism 23 and a hammer 24.

[0011] FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating the configuration of the hammer 24. As illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, the hammer 24 includes a hammer head 241 and a hammer shank 242. The hammer shank 242 is an elongated structure having an end 242a and an end 242b. The end 242a is journaled to the transmission mechanism 23. The hammer head 241 is fixed to the end 242b. The hammer shank 242 of the first embodiment is a shaft member whose outer circumferential surface is a curved surface. In the first embodiment, a cylindrical hammer shank 242 is illustrated.

[0012] The transmission mechanism 23 in FIG. 2 rotates the hammer 24 in conjunction with the displacement of the key 211 in response to a user's playing operation. The transmission mechanism 23 is composed of mechanical elements such as a wippen, jack, or repetition lever. As shown by the dashed line in FIG. 2, the transmission mechanism 23 rotates the hammer shank 242 in conjunction with the displacement of the key 211, causing the hammer head 241 to strike the string 13. In other words, the hammer 24 moves within a range between the rest position shown by the solid line in FIG. 2 and the string-striking position shown by the dashed line in FIG. 2. The rest position is where the hammer shank 242 abuts against a stopper directly below. The string-striking position is where the hammer head 241 strikes the string 13. As can be understood from the above explanation, the hammer shank 242 (hammer 24) is a movable member that rotates in conjunction with the user's key depression.

[0013] 4 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of the detection system 30 and the control system 40. The detection system 30 includes a plurality of magnetic sensors 31 corresponding to different hammers 24, and a drive circuit 32 that drives each of the plurality of magnetic sensors 31. The magnetic sensor 31 corresponding to each hammer 24 is a sensor that detects the position of that hammer 24. Each of the plurality of magnetic sensors 31 includes a signal generating unit 60 and a detected unit 70. That is, a pair of a signal generating unit 60 and a detected unit 70 is provided for each hammer 24.

[0014] 2 and 3, the detected portion 70 is mounted on the hammer 24. Specifically, the detected portion 70 is mounted on the hammer shank 242. Therefore, the detected portion 70 moves in conjunction with the user's manipulation of the keys 211. On the other hand, the signal generating portion 60 is mounted on the support 14 of the keyboard mechanism 20. The support 14 is a structure fixed above the string-striking mechanism 22. The signal generating portion 60 is mounted on a portion of the support 14 facing the hammer shank 242. Therefore, the signal generating portion 60 does not move even when the user manipulates the keys 211.

[0015] 5 is a circuit diagram illustrating the electrical configuration of any one of the magnetic sensors 31. The signal generating unit 60 includes an active resonant circuit 61. The active resonant circuit 61 includes an input terminal T1, an output terminal T2, a resistive element R, a coil La, a capacitive element Ca1, and a capacitive element Ca2. One end of the resistive element R is connected to the input terminal T1, and the other end of the resistive element R is connected to one end of the capacitive element Ca1 and one end of the coil La. The other end of the coil La is connected to the output terminal T2 and one end of the capacitive element Ca2. The other end of the capacitive element Ca1 and the other end of the capacitive element Ca2 are grounded (Gnd). The coil La includes a first portion La1 and a second portion La2 connected in series to each other.

[0016] The detected portion 70 includes a passive resonant circuit 71. The passive resonant circuit 71 includes a capacitance element Cb and a coil Lb. The capacitance element Cb is composed of capacitance elements Cb1 and Cb2 connected in parallel. The capacitance element Cb1 includes electrodes Cb1-1 and Cb1-2, and the capacitance element Cb2 includes electrodes Cb2-1 and Cb2-2. The electrode Cb1-1 of the capacitance element Cb1 and the electrode Cb2-1 of the capacitance element Cb2 are electrically connected to one end of the coil Lb at a connection point N1. The electrode Cb1-2 of the capacitance element Cb1 and the electrode Cb2-2 of the capacitance element Cb2 are electrically connected to the other end of the coil Lb at a connection point N2. The connection point N1 corresponds to one end of the coil Lb, and the connection point N2 corresponds to the other end of the coil Lb. The coil Lb includes a first portion Lb1 and a second portion Lb2 connected in series. The capacitance element Cb2 may be composed of a single capacitance element. However, the capacitance element Cb composed of two capacitance elements (Cb1, Cb2) as in the first embodiment has the advantage of making it easier to ensure the capacitance of the capacitance element Cb. The capacitance element Cb may also be composed of three or more capacitance elements. In other words, the specific form of the capacitance element Cb is arbitrary as long as the required capacitance can be ensured.

[0017] In the first embodiment, the resonant frequency of the active resonant circuit 61 and the resonant frequency of the passive resonant circuit 71 are set to the same frequency. However, the resonant frequency of the active resonant circuit 61 and the resonant frequency of the passive resonant circuit 71 may be different. For example, the resonant frequency of the active resonant circuit 61 is set to a frequency obtained by multiplying the resonant frequency of the passive resonant circuit 71 by a predetermined constant.

[0018] As described above, the signal generating unit 60 includes coil La, and the detected unit 70 includes coil Lb. Coil La and coil Lb face each other with a gap between them. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the distance between the signal generating unit 60 and the detected unit 70 (specifically, the distance between coil La and coil Lb) changes depending on the position of the hammer shank 242. That is, the signal generating unit 60 and the detected unit 70 repeatedly move closer to and farther away from each other as the user presses and releases the key. The drive circuit 32 in FIG. 4 generates a detection signal D depending on the distance between coil La and coil Lb. Coil La is an example of a "first coil," and coil Lb is an example of a "second coil."

[0019] FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a specific configuration of the drive circuit 32. The drive circuit 32 includes a supply circuit 321 and an output circuit 322. The supply circuit 321 supplies a reference signal W to the input terminal T1 of the active resonant circuit 61 in each of the multiple signal generating units 60. For example, the supply circuit 321 is a demultiplexer that supplies the reference signal W to each of the multiple signal generating units 60 in a time-division manner. The reference signal W is a signal whose level periodically fluctuates. For example, a periodic signal with an arbitrary waveform, such as a sine wave or a square wave, is used as the reference signal W. The frequency of the reference signal W is sufficiently shorter than the duration of the period during which the reference signal W is supplied to one signal generating unit 60. Furthermore, the frequency of the reference signal W is set to a frequency substantially equal to the resonant frequencies of the active resonant circuit 61 and the passive resonant circuit 71.

[0020] The reference signal W is supplied to coil La via input terminal T1 and resistance element R. The supply of reference signal W generates a magnetic field in coil La. Electromagnetic induction caused by the magnetic field generated in coil La generates an induced current in coil Lb of the detected unit 70. That is, a magnetic field is generated in coil Lb in a direction that cancels out the change in the magnetic field of coil La. The magnetic field generated in coil Lb changes depending on the distance between coil La and coil Lb. Therefore, a detection signal d whose level fluctuates with an amplitude δ depending on the distance between coil La and coil Lb is output from output terminal T2 of signal generating unit 60. The detection signal d is a periodic signal whose level fluctuates at the same frequency as the reference signal W. As can be understood from the above explanation, the signal generating unit 60 generates a detection signal d depending on the distance between the detected unit 70 and coil La.

[0021] The output circuit 322 in FIG. 6 is a multiplexer that generates a detection signal D by arranging, on a time axis, detection signals d sequentially output from each of the multiple signal generating units 60. That is, the detection signal D is a signal whose level fluctuates with an amplitude δ corresponding to the distance between coil La and coil Lb in the key 211. As described above, the distance between coil La and coil Lb correlates with the position of the hammer 24, so the detection signal D can be expressed as a signal corresponding to the position of each of the multiple hammers 24. The detection signal D generated by the output circuit 322 is supplied to the control system 40. Note that the detection signal D may be rectified (half-wave rectification or full-wave rectification) and smoothed before being supplied to the control system 40.

[0022] The control system 40 in Figure 4 generates performance data by analyzing the detection signal D supplied from the drive circuit 32. The control system 40 is realized as a computer system including a control device 41, a storage device 42, an A / D converter 43, and a sound source device 44. The control system 40 may be realized as a single device, or as multiple devices configured separately from each other. The control system 40 may also be realized as an electronic device mounted on the keyboard instrument 100, or as an information device (e.g., a smartphone or tablet terminal) connected to the keyboard instrument 100 by wire or wirelessly.

[0023] The control device 41 is composed of one or more processors that control each element of the keyboard instrument 100. Specifically, the control device 41 is composed of one or more types of processors, such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), an SPU (Sound Processing Unit), a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit).

[0024] The storage device 42 is one or more memories that store programs executed by the control device 41 and data used by the control device 41. The storage device 42 is configured with a known storage medium, such as a magnetic storage medium or a semiconductor storage medium. The storage device 42 may also be configured with a combination of multiple types of storage medium. The storage device 42 may also be a portable storage medium that can be attached to or detached from the keyboard instrument 100, or an external storage medium (e.g., online storage) with which the keyboard instrument 100 can communicate.

[0025] The A / D converter 43 converts the detection signal D supplied from the drive circuit 32 from analog to digital. The control device 41 analyzes the detection signal D converted by the A / D converter 43 to analyze the position of each of the multiple hammers 24. The control device 41 generates performance data representing changes in the position of each hammer 24 over time and stores the performance data in the storage device 42. In other words, the performance by the user is recorded. The performance data is time-series data that specifies the pitch played by the user and the intensity (velocity) of the performance. The intensity of the performance for each pitch is set according to the speed at which the position of the hammer shank 242 corresponding to that pitch changes.

[0026] The sound source device 44 generates an audio signal V representing the audio instructed by the control device 41. The control device 41 instructs the sound source device 44 to generate an audio corresponding to the performance data stored in the storage device 42. Thus, an audio signal V representing an audio corresponding to a past performance by the user is generated. Specifically, the sound source device 44 generates an audio signal V corresponding to the pitch and intensity specified by the performance data. Note that the control device 41 may realize the functions of the sound source device 44 by executing a program stored in the storage device 42.

[0027] The sound emitting device 50 reproduces the sound represented by the acoustic signal V. The sound emitting device 50 is, for example, a speaker or headphones. Note that the sound emitting device 50, which is separate from the control system 40, may be connected to the control system 40 by wire or wirelessly.

[0028] Fig. 7 is a plan view illustrating a specific configuration of the signal generating unit 60 corresponding to one hammer 24. Fig. 7 shows a plan view of the signal generating unit 60 as seen from the hammer 24 side (specifically, from below in the vertical direction). Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line aa in Fig. 7. The vertical direction in Fig. 7 corresponds to the direction in which the multiple keys 211 are arranged on the keyboard 21. The horizontal direction in Figs. 7 and 8 corresponds to the longitudinal direction of the keys 211.

[0029] The signal generating unit 60 is a circuit board having a substrate 62 on which an active resonant circuit 61 is installed. The substrate 62 is a hard insulating substrate having a surface Fa1 and a surface Fa2. The substrate 62 is formed in a continuous, long shape that spans the multiple keys 211. The surfaces Fa1 and Fa2 are surfaces opposite each other. The surface Fa1 is the surface of the substrate 62 that faces the detection target 70. The surface Fa2 is the surface of the substrate 62 that faces the support 14.

[0030] A conductive pattern 63-1 is formed on the surface Fa1 of the substrate 62. For example, the conductive pattern 63-1 is formed by patterning a conductive film that covers the entire surface Fa1. Similarly, a conductive pattern 63-2 is formed on the surface Fa2 of the substrate 62. For example, the conductive pattern 63-2 is formed by patterning a conductive film that covers the entire surface Fa2.

[0031] The conductive pattern 63-1 includes a first portion La1, a second portion La2, an input terminal T1, an output terminal T2, and a ground terminal Tg. As described with reference to Fig. 5, a reference signal W is supplied to the input terminal T1, and a detection signal d is output from the output terminal T2. The ground terminal Tg is grounded.

[0032] As described above, the first portion La1 and the second portion La2 constitute the coil La of the active resonant circuit 61. Each of the first portion La1 and the second portion La2 is formed in a rectangular spiral shape. The spiral direction of the first portion La1 and the spiral direction of the second portion La2 are the same. For example, the planar shape of each of the first portion La1 and the second portion La2 is a spiral shape that rotates counterclockwise from the center to the outside. The first portion La1 and the second portion La2 are adjacent to each other. Specifically, the first portion La1 and the second portion La2 are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the key 211.

[0033] As illustrated in FIG. 8, the conductive pattern 63-2 includes a connection portion La3. The center of the first portion La1 is electrically connected to one end of the connection portion La3 via a conductive hole Ha1. The center of the second portion La2 is electrically connected to the other end of the connection portion La3 via a conductive hole Ha2. Each of the conductive holes Ha1 and Ha2 is a through-hole that penetrates the substrate 62. As described above, the first portion La1 and the second portion La2 are electrically connected to each other via the connection portion La3. The first portion La1, the second portion La2, and the connection portion La3 form the coil La of FIG. 5.

[0034] A resistive element R and capacitive elements Ca1 and Ca2 are mounted on the surface Fa1 of the substrate 62. The resistive element R is mounted on the substrate 62 as an electronic component (chip resistor). Similarly, the capacitive elements Ca1 and Ca2 are mounted on the substrate 62 as electronic components (chip capacitors).

[0035] When a current is supplied, a magnetic field is generated in each of the first portion La1 and the second portion La2. As can be seen from FIG. 7, the direction of the current flowing through the first portion La1 is opposite to the direction of the current flowing through the second portion La2. Therefore, as illustrated in FIG. 9, magnetic fields are generated in opposite directions in the first portion La1 and the second portion La2. That is, when a magnetic field in a first direction is generated in the first portion La1, a magnetic field in a second direction opposite to the first direction is generated in the second portion La2. With the above configuration, a magnetic field is formed from one of the first portion La1 and the second portion La2 to the other, thereby reducing the diffusion of the magnetic field between adjacent hammers 24. That is, magnetic field interference between two adjacent coils La is reduced. Therefore, a detection signal D that accurately reflects the position of each of the multiple hammers 24 can be generated.

[0036] Fig. 10 is a plan view illustrating a specific configuration of the detected portion 70 corresponding to one hammer 24. Fig. 10 shows a plan view of the detected portion 70 as seen from the side of the signal generating portion 60. Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line bb in Fig. 10.

[0037] The detected portion 70 is a circuit board including a substrate 72 on which a passive resonant circuit 71 is mounted. The substrate 72 is a flexible insulating substrate (film) formed in a long rectangular shape. That is, while the substrate 62 of the signal generating portion 60 is a hard substrate, the substrate 72 of the detected portion 70 is a flexible substrate that can be deformed, for example, curved or bent. Specifically, the substrate 72 is formed in a sheet shape using a resin material such as polyimide or polyester. For convenience, FIGS. 10 and 11 show the substrate 72 in a planar state where no deformation occurs.

[0038] The substrate 72 has a surface Fb1 and a surface Fb2. The surfaces Fb1 and Fb2 are opposite to each other. When the substrate 72 is not deformed, each of the surfaces Fb1 and Fb2 is flat. In the following description, for convenience, observation from a direction perpendicular to the surface Fb1 of the substrate 72 in an undeformed state will be referred to as a "planar view."

[0039] The base material 72 has capacitance elements Cb (Cb1, Cb2) and a coil Lb (first portion Lb1 and second portion Lb2) disposed thereon. Specifically, the coil Lb is located between the capacitance elements Cb1 and Cb2 in a planar view. The capacitance element Cb1 is located near one end of the base material 72, and the capacitance element Cb2 is located near the other end of the base material 72. As described above, the coil Lb includes the first portion Lb1 and the second portion Lb2. The first portion Lb1 is located between the capacitance elements Cb1 and the second portion Lb2 in a planar view, and the second portion Lb2 is located between the capacitance element Cb2 and the first portion Lb1 in a planar view. According to the above-described configuration in which the coil Lb is positioned between the capacitance elements Cb1 and Cb2, the influence of the capacitance elements Cb1 or Cb2 on the magnetic field generated in the coil Lb can be reduced compared to, for example, a configuration in which the capacitance elements Cb1 and Cb2 are positioned between the first portion Lb1 and the second portion Lb2.

[0040] A conductive pattern 73-1 is formed on the surface Fb1 of the substrate 72. For example, the conductive pattern 73-1 is formed by patterning a conductive film that covers the entire surface Fb1. Similarly, a conductive pattern 73-2 is formed on the surface Fb2 of the substrate 72. For example, the conductive pattern 73-2 is formed by patterning a conductive film that covers the entire surface Fb2. Note that the conductive patterns 73 (73-1, 73-2) are formed by, for example, patterning a conductive film formed on the substrate 72. However, the method for forming the conductive pattern 73 is not limited to the above examples. For example, the conductive pattern 73 may be formed on the substrate 72 by a printing technique such as an inkjet method.

[0041] 12 is a plan view of conductive patterns 73-1 and 73-2. Conductive pattern 73-1 includes a winding portion Lb1-1 of the first portion Lb1, a winding portion Lb2-1 of the second portion Lb2, an electrode Cb1-1 of the capacitance element Cb1, an electrode Cb2-1 of the capacitance element Cb2, and a wiring portion S1. That is, the winding portion Lb1-1, the winding portion Lb2-1, the electrode Cb1-1, the electrode Cb2-1, and the wiring portion S1 are formed collectively from the same layer in a common process.

[0042] The winding portion Lb1-1 and the winding portion Lb2-1 are formed in a rectangular spiral shape in plan view. Specifically, the planar shape of the winding portion Lb1-1 is a spiral that spirals counterclockwise from the center to the periphery. Similarly, the planar shape of the winding portion Lb2-1 is a spiral that spirals counterclockwise from the center to the periphery. The electrodes Cb1-1 and Cb2-1 are formed in a rectangular shape in plan view. The electrode Cb1-1 is connected to the winding portion Lb1-1 at a connection point N1, and the electrode Cb2-1 is connected to the winding portion Lb2-1 at a connection point N2. The electrodes Cb1-1 and Cb2-1 are electrically connected by a wiring portion S1. The wiring portion S1 is a wiring that extends on the surface Fb1 along the long side of the substrate 72.

[0043] The conductive pattern 73-2 includes a winding portion Lb1-2 of the first portion Lb1, a winding portion Lb2-2 of the second portion Lb2, an electrode Cb1-2 of the capacitance element Cb1, an electrode Cb2-2 of the capacitance element Cb2, and a wiring portion S2. That is, the winding portion Lb1-2, the winding portion Lb2-2, the electrode Cb1-2, the electrode Cb2-2, and the wiring portion S2 are formed collectively from the same layer in a common process.

[0044] The winding portion Lb1-2 and the winding portion Lb2-2 are formed in a rectangular spiral shape in plan view. Specifically, the planar shape of the winding portion Lb1-2 is a spiral that spirals clockwise from the center to the periphery. Similarly, the planar shape of the winding portion Lb2-2 is a spiral that spirals clockwise from the center to the periphery. The electrodes Cb1-2 and Cb2-2 are formed in a rectangular shape in plan view. Furthermore, the electrodes Cb1-2 and Cb2-2 are electrically connected by the wiring portion S2. The wiring portion S2 is a wiring that extends on the surface Fb2 along the long side of the substrate 72.

[0045] The winding portion Lb1-1 and the winding portion Lb1-2 overlap each other in a plan view. The first portion Lb1 of the coil Lb is formed by the mutual conduction between the winding portion Lb1-1 and the winding portion Lb1-2 via the conduction hole Hb1. The winding portion Lb2-1 and the winding portion Lb2-2 overlap each other in a plan view. The second portion Lb2 of the coil Lb is formed by the mutual conduction between the winding portion Lb2-1 and the winding portion Lb2-2 via the conduction hole Hb2. Furthermore, a point between the winding portion Lb2-1 and the electrode Cb2-1 and the wiring portion S2 on the surface Fb2 are mutually conductive via the conduction hole Hb3. Each of the conduction holes Hb (Hb1-Hb3) is a through-hole that penetrates the substrate 72 from the surface Fb1 to the surface Fb2. As described above, the coil Lb is configured by the conductive patterns 73 (73-1, 73-2) formed on the surfaces (Fb1, Fb2) of the base material 72.

[0046] As can be seen from FIG. 10, the direction of current flowing through the first portion Lb1 is opposite to the direction of current flowing through the second portion Lb2. That is, when a current flows through the first portion Lb1 in a direction α1, a current flows through the second portion Lb2 in a direction α2 opposite to the direction α1. Therefore, as illustrated in FIG. 13, magnetic fields are generated in opposite directions in the first portion Lb1 and the second portion Lb2. With the above configuration, a magnetic field is formed from one of the first portion Lb1 and the second portion Lb2 to the other, thereby suppressing diffusion of the magnetic field between adjacent hammers 24. That is, magnetic field interference between two adjacent hammers 24 is reduced. Therefore, a detection signal D that accurately reflects the position of each of the multiple hammers 24 can be generated. Note that the direction α1 is an example of a "first direction," and the direction α2 is an example of a "second direction."

[0047] As can be seen from FIGS. 11 and 12, electrodes Cb1-1 and Cb1-2 face each other with a substrate 72 sandwiched therebetween. Capacitor element Cb1 is formed by a laminated structure in which insulating substrate 72 is interposed between electrodes Cb1-1 and Cb1-2. Similarly, electrodes Cb2-1 and Cb2-2 face each other with substrate 72 sandwiched therebetween. Capacitor element Cb2 is formed by a laminated structure in which insulating substrate 72 is interposed between electrodes Cb2-1 and Cb2-2. As can be seen from the above explanation, capacitor elements Cb1 and Cb2 are each formed by conductive patterns 73 (73-1, 73-2) formed on the surfaces (Fb1, Fb2) of substrate 72.

[0048] As described above with reference to FIG. 3, the detectable portion 70 described above is mounted on the hammer shank 242. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the hammer shank 242 taken along a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction. As illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 14, the detectable portion 70 is mounted on the hammer shank 242 with the surface Fb2 of the base material 72 facing the outer peripheral surface of the hammer shank 242. The detectable portion 70 is joined to the hammer shank 242 with, for example, an adhesive or an adhesive sheet. Note that the method for mounting the detectable portion 70 on the hammer shank 242 is not limited to the above examples. For example, the detectable portion 70 may be joined to the hammer shank 242 with a fastener such as a screw or staple.

[0049] 3 and 14, the detected part 70 is mounted on the hammer shank 242 with the substrate 72 curved along the curved outer peripheral surface of the hammer shank 242. Specifically, the detected part 70 is mounted on the hammer shank 242 with the substrate 72 curved into an arc shape with approximately the same diameter as the hammer shank 242. In other words, the detected part 70 is wound around a partial circumferential region of the outer peripheral surface of the hammer shank 242. The conductive patterns 73-1 and 73-2 curve along the outer peripheral surface of the hammer shank 242 together with the substrate 72. With the above configuration, the detected part 70 can be fixed to the hammer shank 242 more stably and firmly than in a configuration in which a hard substrate formed in a flat plate shape is mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the hammer shank 242.

[0050] 3, the first portion Lb1 and the second portion Lb2 of the coil Lb are arranged along the axial direction (i.e., the longitudinal direction) of the hammer shank 242. That is, the first portion Lb1 of the coil Lb is located between the end portion 242b of the hammer shank 242 on the hammer head 241 side and the second portion Lb2. Also, the second portion Lb2 of the coil Lb is located between the end portion 242a of the hammer shank 242 on the opposite side from the hammer head 241 and the first portion Lb1. When the hammer 24 is in the string-striking position, the first portion La1 of the coil La and the first portion Lb1 of the coil Lb face each other, and the second portion La2 of the coil La and the second portion Lb2 of the coil Lb face each other.

[0051] As described above, in the first embodiment, the coil Lb of the detected part 70 is mounted on a flexible base material 72. Therefore, by appropriately deforming (for example, bending) the base material 72, the space required for mounting the detected part 70 can be reduced compared to a configuration in which the base material 72 is rigid. However, it is difficult to secure sufficient space around the string striking mechanism 22 of the keyboard instrument 100 (particularly around the hammer shank 242). Therefore, the detection system 30 of the first embodiment, which can reduce the space required for mounting the detected part 70 by using a flexible base material 72, is particularly suitable for the string striking mechanism 22 of the keyboard instrument 100.

[0052] Furthermore, in a configuration using a flexible base material 72, the weight of the detected portion 70 can be reduced compared to a configuration in which the base material 72 is hard. This reduces the effect of the weight of the detected portion 70 on the movement of the hammer 24. Specifically, the inertial force acting on the hammer 24 is reduced. This allows the hammer 24 to rotate in a manner that closely follows the user's performance, even when the user repeatedly presses keys in a short period of time (e.g., rapid-fire performance or trill performance).

[0053] Furthermore, in the first embodiment, the coil Lb is curved together with the substrate 72. Therefore, compared to when the substrate 72 is used in an undeformed state, the characteristics of the magnetic field generated in the coil Lb (for example, the range or direction of the magnetic field) are set in a variety of ways depending on the degree of curvature. In other words, the first embodiment has the advantage of expanding the range of options for the characteristics of the magnetic field generated in the coil Lb.

[0054] In the first embodiment, the coil Lb is formed by conductive patterns 73 (73-1, 73-2) formed on a flexible substrate 72. Therefore, the coil Lb is easier to form than, for example, a configuration in which the coil Lb is formed by winding a conductor. Another advantage is that the coil Lb is more likely to deform along with the substrate 72. Furthermore, in the first embodiment, the electrodes (Cb1-1, Cb1-2, Cb2-1, Cb2-2) of the capacitance elements Cb (Cb1, Cb2) are formed by the conductive patterns 73 (73-1, 73-2) formed on the flexible substrate 72. Therefore, the capacitance elements Cb (Cb1, Cb2) are more likely to deform along with the substrate 72. In other words, the possibility that excessive stress caused by deformation of the substrate 72 will act on the capacitance elements Cb (Cb1, Cb2) can be reduced.

[0055] Furthermore, in the first embodiment, the first portion Lb1 and the second portion Lb2 of the coil Lb are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the hammer shank 242. Therefore, compared to, for example, an embodiment in which the first portion Lb1 and the second portion Lb2 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the hammer shank 242, it is easier to ensure sufficient space for installing the coil Lb. Furthermore, because the first portion Lb1 and the second portion Lb2 are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the hammer shank 242, diffusion of the magnetic field between adjacent hammers 24 is suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to generate a detection signal D that reflects the position of each of the multiple hammers 24 with high accuracy. Note that the first portion Lb1 and the second portion Lb2 may also be arranged along the circumferential direction of the hammer shank 242.

[0056] B: Second embodiment The second embodiment will be described below. Note that, in the configurations exemplified below, for elements whose functions are similar to those of the first embodiment, the reference numerals used in the description of the first embodiment will be used and detailed descriptions of each will be omitted as appropriate.

[0057] Fig. 15 is a plan view illustrating a specific configuration of the detected portion 70 in the second embodiment. Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line cc in Fig. 15. Similar to the first embodiment, the detected portion 70 in the second embodiment includes a flexible substrate 72 having a surface Fb1 and a surface Fb2. A conductive pattern 73-1 is formed on the surface Fb1, and a conductive pattern 73-2 is formed on the surface Fb2.

[0058] 16, the conductive pattern 73-1 includes a winding portion Lb1-1 of the first portion Lb1 and a winding portion Lb2-1 of the second portion Lb2. Similar to the first embodiment, each of the winding portions Lb1-1 and Lb2-1 is formed in a rectangular spiral shape that winds counterclockwise from the center to the outer periphery. Similarly to the first embodiment, the conductive pattern 73-2 includes a winding portion Lb1-2 of the first portion Lb1 and a winding portion Lb2-2 of the second portion Lb2. Similar to the first embodiment, each of the winding portions Lb1-1 and Lb2-2 is formed in a rectangular spiral shape that winds clockwise from the center to the outer periphery.

[0059] FIG. 17 is a perspective view illustrating the configuration of the hammer 24 according to the second embodiment. FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of a hammer shank 242 according to the second embodiment. As described above, the capacitance elements Cb1 and Cb2 of the first embodiment are configured by conductive patterns 73 (73-1, 73-2) formed on the substrate 72. The capacitance elements Cb (Cb1, Cb2) of the second embodiment are chip capacitors mounted on the surface Fb1 of the substrate 72, as illustrated in FIGS. 15 to 18. Therefore, the conductive pattern 73-1 does not include electrodes Cb1-1 and Cb2-1, and the conductive pattern 73-2 does not include electrodes Cb1-2 and Cb2-2. The capacitance element Cb may be configured by one chip capacitor. The capacitance element Cb may also be configured by three or more chip capacitors. In other words, the capacitance element Cb may have any specific form as long as it can secure the required capacitance.

[0060] The capacitance element Cb1 is an electronic component having an electrode Cb1-1 and an electrode Cb1-2. Each of the electrodes Cb1-1 and Cb1-2 is joined to the surface Fb1 of the substrate 72 by a joining technique such as soldering. The planar shape of the capacitance element Cb1 is a rectangle that is elongated in the direction β in which the electrodes Cb1-1 and Cb1-2 are arranged. Similarly, the capacitance element Cb2 is an electronic component having an electrode Cb2-1 and an electrode Cb2-2. Each of the electrodes Cb2-1 and Cb2-2 is joined to the surface Fb1 of the substrate 72 by a joining technique such as soldering. The planar shape of the capacitance element Cb2 is a rectangle that is elongated in the direction in which the electrodes Cb2-1 and Cb2-2 are arranged. As can be understood from the above explanation, the direction β is the longitudinal direction of the capacitance elements Cb (Cb1, Cb2).

[0061] As illustrated in FIGS. 15 to 18, each of the capacitance elements Cb1 and Cb2 is disposed on the surface Fa1 of the substrate 72 so that the longitudinal direction β of the capacitance element Cb is aligned with the axial direction of the hammer shank 242. The axial direction of the hammer shank 242 corresponds to the longitudinal direction of the hammer shank 242. In other words, the axial direction of the hammer shank 242 is the direction of the central axis of the circle of curvature of the curved substrate 72. The "central axis of the circle of curvature" refers to the central axis of an imaginary cylinder that contacts the inner circumferential surface of the substrate 72. Furthermore, the capacitance elements Cb1 and Cb2 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the hammer shank 242. In other words, the capacitance elements Cb1 and Cb2 are positioned at the same position in the axial direction of the hammer shank 242.

[0062] The second embodiment also achieves the same effects as the first embodiment. Furthermore, in the second embodiment, the capacitance elements Cb1 and Cb2 are configured by chip capacitors. Therefore, compared to the first embodiment in which the capacitance elements Cb are configured by the conductive patterns 73 (73-1, 73-2) formed on the base material 72, it is easier to ensure the capacitance of the capacitance elements Cb.

[0063] Incidentally, as an example of a configuration in which a chip capacitor is used as the capacitance element Cb, a configuration in which the capacitance element Cb is mounted on the substrate 72 so that the longitudinal direction β of the capacitance element Cb is perpendicular to the axial direction of the hammer shank 242, as illustrated in FIG. 19 , is also envisioned. That is, the capacitance element Cb is installed so that the longitudinal direction β of the capacitance element Cb is aligned with the circumferential direction of the hammer shank 242. The configuration of FIG. 19 has a problem in that the stress acting on the capacitance element Cb due to the curvature of the substrate 72 is large. According to the second embodiment, since the longitudinal direction β of the capacitance element Cb is aligned with the axial direction of the hammer shank 242, the possibility of excessive stress acting on the capacitance element Cb due to the curvature of the substrate 72 can be reduced compared to the configuration of FIG. 19 . However, the configuration of FIG. 19 is also included within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0064] C: Third embodiment In the first and second embodiments, the detected part 70 is provided on the hammer 24. In the third embodiment, the magnetic sensor 31 of the detection system 30 is provided on the pedal mechanism 80 of the keyboard instrument 100. The detection system 30 of the third embodiment detects the position of the pedal 81, which is displaced in response to the user's performance operation.

[0065] FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of a pedal mechanism 80 of a keyboard instrument 100. The pedal mechanism 80 includes a pedal 81 operated by the user's foot, a support 82 that supports the pedal 81, an elastic body 83 that urges the pedal 81 vertically upward, and a support 84 located directly below the pedal 81. The pedal 81 is an elongated structure having a front end 81a and a rear end 81b, and is a performance operator that is operated by the user pressing down on it (i.e., performing an operation). For example, the pedal 81 may be a damper pedal, a sostenuto pedal, or a soft pedal. In reality, the pedal mechanism 80 includes multiple pedals 81, but for convenience, only one pedal 81 is shown in FIG. 20.

[0066] In the above configuration, the detection system 30 detects the displacement of the pedal 81. Specifically, the detected portion 70 is installed on the bottom surface of the pedal 81. On the other hand, the signal generating portion 60 is installed on the support body 84 so as to face the detected portion 70. Specifically, the detected portion 70 is installed between the fulcrum of the pedal 81 formed by the support body 82 and the front end portion 81a of the pedal 81. Therefore, when the user presses down on the pedal 81, the distance between the signal generating portion 60 and the detected portion 70 decreases. The specific configurations of the signal generating portion 60 and the detected portion 70 are the same as those in the first embodiment.

[0067] 20 illustrates an example in which the detected portion 70 is installed between the support body 82 and the front end portion 81a of the pedal 81, but as illustrated in Fig. 21, the detected portion 70 may be installed between the support body 82 and the rear end portion 81b of the pedal 81. The signal generating portion 60 is installed on the support body 84 so as to face the detected portion 70. In the configuration of Fig. 21, the distance between the signal generating portion 60 and the detected portion 70 increases when the user steps on the pedal 81.

[0068] 20 and 21 show an example of pedal mechanism 80 for keyboard instrument 100, a pedal mechanism used for an electric musical instrument such as an electric string instrument (for example, an electric guitar) may also have a configuration similar to that shown in Fig. 20 or 21. The pedal mechanism used for an electric musical instrument is an effect pedal operated by a user to adjust various sound effects such as distortion or compressor.

[0069] D: Fourth embodiment 22 is a side view illustrating the configuration of a keyboard mechanism 20 according to the fourth embodiment. In addition to the same elements as in the first embodiment, the keyboard mechanism 20 according to the fourth embodiment is equipped with a signal generating unit 91 and a detected unit 92 for each key 211. The signal generating unit 91 is mounted on the support 12, and the detected unit 92 is mounted on the underside 212 of the key 211. The underside 212 of the key 211 is flat.

[0070] The configuration of the signal generating unit 91 is the same as that of the signal generating unit 60 in the first embodiment. Similarly to the detected unit 70 in the first embodiment, the detected unit 92 is a circuit board with a passive resonant circuit 71 mounted on a substrate. However, whereas the substrate 72 of the detected unit 70 in the first embodiment is made of a flexible insulating substrate, the substrate of the detected unit 92 in the fourth embodiment is made of a hard insulating substrate. However, the substrate of the detected unit 92 may also be made of a flexible insulating substrate.

[0071] As in the first embodiment, each signal generating unit 60 generates a detection signal d with an amplitude δ corresponding to the distance between the signal generating unit 60 and the detected unit 70. The control unit 41 generates performance data according to the amplitude δ of the detection signal d generated by each signal generating unit 60. Specifically, the control unit 41 determines whether the user has pressed or released a key according to the amplitude δ of the detection signal d. The fourth embodiment also achieves the same effects as the first embodiment. Note that the configuration of the second embodiment may be applied to the fourth embodiment.

[0072] E: Modified Example Specific modified embodiments that can be added to each of the embodiments exemplified above are shown below. Two or more embodiments arbitrarily selected from the following examples may be combined as appropriate to the extent that they are not mutually contradictory. In the following explanation, for convenience, a member that moves in response to a user's performance operation will be referred to as a movable member 200. The hammer shank 242 of the first and second embodiments and the pedal 81 of the third embodiment are examples of the movable member 200.

[0073] (1) In the first and second embodiments, a configuration in which the detected part 70 is provided on the hammer shank 242 is exemplified, and in the third embodiment, a configuration in which the detected part 70 is provided on the pedal 81 is exemplified, but the movable member 200 on which the detected part 70 is provided is not limited to the above examples. For example, the detected part 70 may be provided on a key 211 constituting the keyboard 21 as the movable member 200.

[0074] Although the above-described embodiments have exemplified a keyboard instrument 100, the detection system 30 according to the present disclosure may be applied to any type of instrument. For example, the detection system 30 may detect controls operated by a user when playing a wind instrument such as a woodwind instrument (e.g., a clarinet or a saxophone) or a brass instrument (e.g., a trumpet or a trombone).

[0075] As can be understood from the above examples, the object of detection by the detection system 30 is generally expressed as a movable member 200 that displaces in response to a user's operation (e.g., a performance operation). The movable member 200 includes not only performance controls such as keys or pedals 81 that are directly operated by the user, but also elements such as the hammer 24 that displace in conjunction with a performance operation on a performance control. However, the movable member 200 in this disclosure is not limited to a member that displaces in response to a user's performance operation. In other words, the movable member 200 is generally expressed as a displaceable member regardless of the trigger that causes the displacement.

[0076] According to each of the above-described embodiments, the weight of the detected part 70 is reduced compared to a configuration in which the base material 72 is hard, and as a result, as described above, the effect of the weight of the detected part 70 on the movement of the movable member 200 is reduced. From the viewpoint of utilizing the above-described effects, the detected part 70 according to each of the above-described embodiments is particularly effectively used to detect the displacement of the movable member 200 (for example, the hammer 24 or the key 211) that reciprocates repeatedly.

[0077] (2) In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, the configuration for installing the detectable portion 70 having the flexible substrate 72 on the movable member 200 (e.g., the hammer shank 242 or the pedal 81) is not limited to the configuration exemplified in each of the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0078] For example, in the above-described embodiments, the detected portion 70 is provided above the hammer shank 242 (i.e., at a location close to the signal generating unit 60), but as illustrated in FIGS. 23 and 24, the detected portion 70 may be provided below the hammer shank 242. That is, the detected portion 70 may be provided at a location on the outer circumferential surface of the hammer shank 242 opposite the signal generating unit 60. The base material 72 curves along the outer circumferential surface of the hammer shank 242 while covering the lowest point of the hammer shank 242 in its cross section. Note that while FIGS. 23 and 24 illustrate the capacitance element Cb formed by the conductive pattern 73, the detected portion 70 of the second embodiment, in which the capacitance elements Cb (Cb1, Cb2) are formed by chip capacitors, may similarly be provided below the hammer shank 242.

[0079] 25, which is a cross-sectional view of the movable member 200, the base material 72 may be wound around the entire circumferential direction of the movable member 200. That is, the base material 72 may be disposed in a cylindrical shape. Also, both ends of the base material 72 may partially overlap on the surface of the movable member 200.

[0080] Furthermore, in the above-described embodiments, the detected portion 70 is provided on the cylindrical movable member 200, but as illustrated in FIG. 26 , the detected portion 70 may be provided on a rectangular pillar-shaped movable member 200. The base material 72 of the detected portion 70 is bent along the corners of the movable member 200. For example, the base material 72 is bent along the boundaries of each region so that the regions of the base material 72 facing each side surface of the movable member 200 are in close contact with the side surfaces. As can be understood from the above examples, the deformation of the base material 72 is not limited to the curved surface exemplified in the above-described embodiments, but includes any deformation such as bending or folding.

[0081] In each of the above-mentioned forms, the substrate 72 of the detection part 70 is curved convexly toward the signal generating part 60 (coil La), but as illustrated in Figure 27, a form in which the substrate 72 is curved concavely toward the signal generating part 60 (coil La) is also envisioned.

[0082] 28, the detected part 70 may be embedded in the hammer shank 242. Specifically, the detected part 70 is inserted into a slit 242c formed in the hammer shank 242. Note that the detected part 70 may be embedded in the hammer shank 242 when the hammer shank 242 is configured to be made of a hard resin material, for example.

[0083] Figure 29 shows another example of the position where the detected part 70 is installed on the hammer 24. As shown in Figure 29, the hammer head 241 is composed of a long hammer wood 243, a hammer lining felt 244 installed at the tip of the hammer wood 243, and a hammer felt 245 that covers the hammer lining felt 244.

[0084] 29, the detected part 70 may be installed on the hammer wood 243. Specifically, in embodiment Q1, the detected part 70 is installed at the rear end of the hammer wood 243. In embodiment Q2, the detected part 70 is installed on the upper surface of the hammer wood 243. In embodiments Q3 and Q4, the detected part 70 is installed between the hammer wood 243 and the hammer felt 245.

[0085] 29, the detected part 70 may be installed on the hammer felt 245. In embodiment Q5, the detected part 70 is installed on the outer peripheral surface of the hammer felt 245. In embodiment Q6, the detected part 70 is installed between the hammer lining felt 244 and the hammer felt 245. In embodiments Q7 and Q8, the detected part 70 is embedded in the hammer felt 245. Specifically, the detected part 70 is inserted into a slit formed in the hammer felt 245.

[0086] In the above description, an example has been given in which the base material 72 of the detection target 70 is formed from a flexible film, but depending on the location where the detection target 70 is installed, the base material 72 may be formed from a hard substrate (rigid substrate). In addition, in the above description, an example has been given in which the coil Lb is installed on the surface of the base material 72, but a configuration in which the coil Lb of the detection target 70 is wound around the hammer shank 242 is also envisioned. For example, the coil Lb may be formed by winding a conducting wire around the hammer shank 242, or the coil Lb may be formed by forming a conductive pattern on the outer peripheral surface of the hammer shank 242 by a printing technique such as an inkjet method.

[0087] (3) In the above-described embodiments, the distance between coil La and coil Lb decreases in response to a key depression by the user, but the relationship between the user's operation and the distance between coil La and coil Lb is not limited to the above examples. For example, Fig. 30 illustrates an embodiment in which the signal generating unit 60 is installed below the hammer shank 242. In the configuration of Fig. 30, when the user is not pressing a key, coil La of the signal generating unit 60 and coil Lb of the detected unit 70 are closest to each other, and when the user presses a key, coil La and coil Lb move apart.

[0088] (4) In the above-described embodiments, the coil Lb includes the first portion Lb1 and the second portion Lb2. However, the coil Lb may be composed of only one of the first portion Lb1 and the second portion Lb2. Similarly, the coil La may be composed of only one of the first portion La1 and the second portion La2. Furthermore, in the above-described embodiments, the coil Lb is formed by the conductive pattern 73 (73-1, 73-2) formed on the substrate 72. However, the form of the coil Lb is not limited to the above-described examples. For example, a coil formed by winding a conductor wire (e.g., a chip coil) may be used as the coil Lb in the above-described embodiments. Similarly, the coil La may be formed by winding a conductor wire.

[0089] (5) In the above-described embodiments, the detected portion 70 includes two layers of conductive patterns 73. However, the number of layers of the conductive patterns 73 is arbitrary. For example, the capacitance element Cb (Cb1, Cb2) and the coil Lb may be configured with three or more layers of conductive patterns 73. Furthermore, the coil Lb may be configured with a single layer.

[0090] (6) In the first embodiment, the coil Lb is disposed between the capacitance elements Cb1 and Cb2. However, the capacitance elements Cb1 and Cb2 formed by the conductive patterns 73 (73-1, 73-2) may be disposed between the first portion Lb1 and the second portion Lb2 of the coil Lb. The capacitance elements Cb1 and Cb2 are arranged, for example, in the circumferential direction or the axial direction of the hammer shank 242.

[0091] In the second embodiment, the capacitance elements Cb1 and Cb2 are disposed between the first and second portions Lb1 and Lb2 of the coil Lb, but the coil Lb may be disposed between the capacitance elements Cb1 and Cb2 formed of chip capacitors. The capacitance elements Cb1 and Cb2 are arranged, for example, in the circumferential or axial direction of the hammer shank 242.

[0092] (7) In the above-described embodiments, the keyboard instrument 100 is illustrated as having strings 13 as sound sources, but the strings 13 may be omitted. For example, the control device 41 generates performance data and supplies the performance data to the sound source device 44 in parallel, thereby causing the sound output device 50 to reproduce sounds corresponding to the user's performance. In the above configuration, the string striking mechanism 22 does not actually strike the strings, but is used for the purpose of making the feel of the user's key depression closer to that of an acoustic instrument. In the above-described embodiments, the keyboard instrument 100 is illustrated as having a sound source device 44, but the sound source device 44 may be omitted. The string striking mechanism 22 strikes the strings 13 in response to the user's performance, thereby outputting sounds corresponding to the user's performance. The detection system 30 is used to record the user's performance as performance data.

[0093] Furthermore, the detection system 30 in each of the above-described embodiments is also used in an operation device that accepts performance operations by a user. The operation device may or may not have an element that emits sound (e.g., a sound source such as the sound source device 44 or the strings 13). For example, an input device such as a Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) controller is an example of an operation device that employs the detection system 30. As can be understood from the above explanation, the detection system 30 is comprehensively expressed as a system that detects operations by a user (especially performance operations such as pressing keys).

[0094] F: Notes From the above-described exemplary embodiments, the following configurations can be understood, for example.

[0095] A detection system according to one aspect (Aspect 1) of the present disclosure includes a detectable part mounted on a movable member that displaces in response to a user's musical performance, and a signal generating unit that includes a first coil that generates a magnetic field and generates a detection signal according to the distance between the detectable part and the first coil. The detectable part includes a flexible substrate fixed to the movable member and a second coil mounted on the substrate. In the above aspect, the second coil of the detectable part is mounted on the flexible substrate. Therefore, by appropriately deforming (e.g., bending or curving) the substrate, the space required to install the detectable part can be reduced compared to a configuration in which the substrate is rigid. Furthermore, the detectable part is lighter in weight compared to a configuration in which the substrate is rigid. Therefore, the effect of the weight of the detectable part on the movement of the movable member can be reduced.

[0096] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the substrate is fixed to the movable member in a deformed (e.g., curved or bent) state. However, the substrate does not necessarily need to be in a deformed state when the detection target is installed. For example, the substrate may be fixed to the movable member in a deformed state, and then adjusted to its initial state (non-deformed state) after fixing.

[0097] The direction of displacement of the second coil relative to the first coil is arbitrary. For example, the second coil may move along its winding axis in response to the displacement of the movable member, or may move in a direction intersecting the winding axis in response to the displacement of the movable member. In other words, the distance (relative positional relationship) between the first coil and the second coil changes in response to the displacement of the movable member.

[0098] In a specific example (Aspect 2) of Aspect 1, the detected part is installed on the movable member in a state in which the base material is curved along the curved surface of the movable member. According to the above aspect, the detected part can be fixed to the movable member more stably and firmly than in an embodiment in which a hard base material formed in a flat plate shape is installed on the curved surface of the movable member.

[0099] The direction of curvature of the substrate is arbitrary. For example, the substrate may be curved convexly toward the first coil, or may be curved concavely toward the first coil. For example, assuming a cylindrical movable member, in a configuration in which the detected part is provided in a region of the outer circumferential surface of the movable member facing the first coil, the substrate will be curved convexly toward the first coil. On the other hand, in a configuration in which the detected part is provided in a region of the outer circumferential surface of the movable member opposite the first coil, the substrate will be curved concavely toward the first coil.

[0100] The "curving" of a substrate refers to a state in which an initially flat substrate is deformed into a curved surface. While the above embodiments illustrate examples of a curved substrate, the deformation of the substrate is not limited to these examples. For example, consider a configuration in which a detection target is installed on a corner-shaped surface where a first surface and a second surface of a movable member intersect with each other. In the above embodiments, the substrate is bent along a linear boundary line so that a first portion of the substrate contacts or faces the first surface, and a second portion adjacent to the first portion contacts or faces the second surface.

[0101] In a specific example (Aspect 3) of Aspect 1 or Aspect 2, the second coil is a conductive pattern formed on the surface of the substrate. According to the above aspect, the second coil is formed by a conductive pattern formed on the surface of the substrate, which makes it easier to form the second coil than, for example, a configuration in which the second coil is formed by winding a conductor. Furthermore, the second coil is more likely to deform together with the substrate.

[0102] In a specific example (Aspect 4) of any one of Aspects 1 to 3, the second coil includes a first portion through which a current flows in a first direction and a second portion through which a current flows in a second direction opposite to the first direction. According to the above aspect, magnetic fields in opposite directions are generated in the first portion and the second portion of the second coil. Therefore, diffusion of the magnetic field from the second coil to the surroundings can be suppressed.

[0103] In a specific example (Aspect 5) of Aspect 4, the movable member is an elongated member, and the first portion and the second portion are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the movable member. According to the above aspect, it is easier to ensure sufficient space for installing the second coil compared to a configuration in which the first portion and the second portion are arranged along the circumferential direction of the movable member.

[0104] In a specific example (Aspect 6) of Aspect 5, the detected portion further includes a first capacitive element and a second capacitive element, the first capacitive element and the second capacitive element are connected to the second coil and arranged at a distance from each other along the longitudinal direction of the movable member, and the first portion and the second portion are located between the first capacitive element and the second capacitive element. In the above aspect, the first capacitive element, the first portion, the second portion, and the second capacitive element are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the movable member. This has the advantage of making it easier to install the detected portion on the movable member.

[0105] In a specific example (Aspect 7) of any of Aspects 1 to 5, the detected part further includes a capacitive element connected to the second coil, and the electrodes of the capacitive element are conductive patterns formed on the surface of the substrate. According to the above aspects, the electrodes of the capacitive element are formed by conductive patterns formed on the surface of the substrate. Therefore, compared to an embodiment in which the capacitive element is formed by a chip capacitor, for example, it is possible to reduce the possibility of excessive stress acting on the capacitive element due to deformation of the substrate.

[0106] In a specific example (Aspect 8) of Aspect 2, the movable member is an elongated member, and the detected portion further includes a capacitance element connected to the second coil, the capacitance element being a chip capacitor mounted on the surface of the substrate so that the longitudinal direction of the capacitance element is aligned with the longitudinal direction of the movable member. According to the above configuration, the capacitance element is configured as a chip capacitor. Therefore, it is easier to ensure sufficient capacitance of the capacitance element compared to a configuration in which the electrodes of the capacitance element are configured by conductive patterns formed on the surface of the substrate. Furthermore, the capacitance element is installed so that the longitudinal direction of the capacitance element is aligned with the central axis of the circle of curvature of the curved substrate. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the possibility of excessive stress acting on the capacitance element due to the curvature of the substrate compared to a configuration in which the capacitance element is installed so that the longitudinal direction of the capacitance element is aligned with the circumferential direction of the circle of curvature.

[0107] In a specific example (Aspect 9) of any of Aspects 1 to 8, the movable member is a hammer shank that rotates in conjunction with the user's key depression. According to the above aspects, a detection signal indicating the position of the hammer shank can be generated. It is difficult to secure sufficient space around the string-striking mechanism of a keyboard instrument (particularly around the hammer shank). Therefore, the embodiment of the present disclosure, which can reduce the space required for installing the detection part by using a flexible base material, is particularly suitable for the string-striking mechanism of a keyboard instrument.

[0108] A musical instrument according to one aspect (aspect 10) of the present disclosure comprises a movable member that displaces in response to a user's playing operation, a detectable portion installed on the movable member, and a signal generating portion that includes a first coil that generates a magnetic field and generates a detection signal in response to the distance between the detectable portion and the first coil, and the detectable portion includes a flexible substrate fixed to the movable member and a second coil installed on the substrate.

[0109] In a specific example (Aspect 11) of Aspect 10, the movable member is a hammer shank that rotates in conjunction with the user pressing a key. That is, the musical instrument according to Aspect 11 is a keyboard instrument having a plurality of keys corresponding to different pitches.

[0110] In a specific example (Aspect 12) of Aspect 11, the second coil includes a first portion through which current flows in a first direction and a second portion through which current flows in a second direction opposite to the first direction, and the first portion and the second portion are arranged along the axial direction of the hammer shank. In the above aspect, magnetic fields in opposite directions are generated in the first and second portions of the second coil, thereby suppressing diffusion of the magnetic field from the second coil to the surroundings. Furthermore, because the first and second portions of the second coil are arranged along the axial direction of the hammer shank, it is easier to ensure sufficient space for installing the second coil compared to a configuration in which the first and second portions are arranged along the circumferential direction of the hammer shank.

[0111] In a specific example (Aspect 13) of Aspect 11 or Aspect 12, the detected part further includes a capacitance element connected to the second coil, and the capacitance element is a chip capacitor mounted on the surface of the base material so that the longitudinal direction of the capacitance element is along the axial direction of the hammer shank. According to the above aspect, it is possible to reduce the possibility that excessive stress caused by bending of the base material will act on the capacitance element.

[0112] In a specific example (Aspect 14) of Aspect 11 or Aspect 12, the detected part further includes a first capacitive element and a second capacitive element, which are connected to the second coil and arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the hammer shank. In the above aspects, the first capacitive element, the second coil, and the second capacitive element are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the hammer shank. This has the advantage of making it easy to install the detected part on the hammer shank. [Explanation of symbols]

[0113] 100...keyboard instrument, 11...support part, 12, 14...support, 13...string, 20...keyboard mechanism, 21...keyboard, 211...key, 22...string striking mechanism, 23...transmission mechanism, 24...hammer, 241...hammer head, 242...hammer shank, 30...detection system, 31...magnetic sensor, 32...drive circuit, 321...supply circuit, 322...output circuit, 40...control system, 41...control device, 42...memory device, 43...A / D converter, 44...sound source device, 50...sound emission device, 60...signal generation part, 61...active resonant circuit, 70...detected part, 71...passive resonant circuit, 80...pedal mechanism, 81...pedal.

Claims

1. a detection target portion disposed on a movable member that is displaced in response to a performance operation by a user; a signal generating unit that includes a first coil that generates a magnetic field and generates a detection signal according to the distance between the detected part and the first coil; The detected portion is a flexible substrate fixed to the movable member; a second coil disposed on the substrate; Detection systems for musical instruments.

2. The detected part is installed on the movable member in a state where the base material is curved along the curved surface of the movable member.

10. The detection system for a musical instrument of claim 1.

3. The second coil is a conductive pattern formed on the surface of the base material.

3. The detection system for a musical instrument according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The second coil is a first portion through which a current flows in a first direction; a second portion through which current flows in a second direction opposite to the first direction; 4. A detection system for a musical instrument according to claim 1.

5. the movable member is an elongated member, The first portion and the second portion are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the movable member.

5. The detection system for a musical instrument of claim 4.

6. the detected portion further includes a first capacitance element and a second capacitance element; the first capacitance element and the second capacitance element are connected to the second coil and are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the movable member; The first portion and the second portion are located between the first capacitance element and the second capacitance element.

6. The detection system for a musical instrument of claim 5.

7. the detected part further includes a capacitive element connected to the second coil, The electrodes of the capacitive element are conductive patterns formed on the surface of the substrate.

6. A detection system for a musical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. the movable member is an elongated member, the detected part further includes a capacitive element connected to the second coil, The capacitance element is a chip capacitor mounted on the surface of the base material so that the longitudinal direction of the capacitance element is aligned with the longitudinal direction of the movable member.

3. The detection system for a musical instrument of claim 2.

9. The movable member is a hammer shank that rotates in conjunction with the user pressing a key.

9. A detection system for a musical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. a movable member that is displaced in response to a performance operation by a user; a detection target portion provided on the movable member; a signal generating unit that includes a first coil that generates a magnetic field and generates a detection signal according to the distance between the detected part and the first coil; The detected portion is a flexible substrate fixed to the movable member; a second coil disposed on the substrate; musical instrument.

11. The movable member is a hammer shank that rotates in conjunction with the user pressing a key.

11. The musical instrument of claim 10.

12. The second coil is a first portion through which a current flows in a first direction; a second portion through which current flows in a second direction opposite to the first direction; The first portion and the second portion are arranged along the axial direction of the hammer shank.

12. The musical instrument of claim 11.

13. the detected part further includes a capacitive element connected to the second coil, The capacitance element is a chip capacitor mounted on the surface of the substrate so that the longitudinal direction of the capacitance element is along the axial direction of the hammer shank.

13. The musical instrument of claim 11 or claim 12.

14. the detected portion further includes a first capacitance element and a second capacitance element; The first capacitance element and the second capacitance element are connected to the second coil and are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the hammer shank.

13. The musical instrument of claim 11 or claim 12.

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