Building ventilation structure, ventilation method and ventilation device

Abstract

To provide a building ventilation structure, a ventilation method, and a ventilation device that can prevent condensation from forming inside the building at low cost.SOLUTION: In a building ventilation structure, a first ventilation hole 51 is provided at a foundation 2 of a building 12, and a second ventilation hole 13a is provided at an entrance rail section 9 of the building 12. A first space 6 is located between a first floor 5 of the building 12 and a first ceiling 7 above the first floor 5. An inter-floor space 60 is located between the first ceiling 7 and a second floor 5c above the first ceiling 7. An underfloor space 4, defined by the foundation 2, is defined between the first floor 5 and the ground G. The first space 6 and the underfloor space 4 communicate with each other via the second ventilation hole 13a.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention is applicable to, for example, a 5cm airtight house. 2 / m 2 The present invention relates to a ventilation structure, a ventilation method, and a ventilation device for a building that can be suitably implemented in buildings such as the following highly airtight houses.

[0002] A conventional ventilation structure for a building is described, for example, in Patent Document 1. This conventional technology proposes a ceiling system including: a first ceiling above which an attic space is formed; a second ceiling disposed below the first ceiling with a gap therebetween, which forms a space between the first ceiling and the second ceiling and which forms a first space below the first ceiling; a switching unit that can switch between a first state in which the first space and the attic space are connected to each other, and a second state in which the first space and the space are connected to each other; and a blower unit that can generate an air flow from the first space toward the space that is connected to the first space by the switching unit.

[0003] This ceiling system is configured to use air from temperature-controllable spaces within a building, such as living rooms, where the room temperature can be adjusted using an air conditioning device, also known as an air conditioner, to generate airflow using a blower such as a fan, and to direct this airflow into the target space where condensation is to be prevented. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2022-124029 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] In the conventional technology of Patent Document 1 mentioned above, the air in the temperature-controllable space is configured to be guided by a blower to the target space where condensation is to be prevented. Therefore, the air in the temperature-controllable space must be conditioned by an air conditioning device, which requires operating costs such as electricity to drive the air conditioning device and electricity to drive the blower, resulting in the problem of high operating costs for preventing condensation.

[0006] An object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation structure, a ventilation method, and a ventilation device for a building that can prevent condensation from occurring inside the building at low cost. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The ventilation structure for a building according to the present invention includes a first ventilation hole provided in a foundation of the building, A second ventilation hole is provided in the entrance frame of the building, a first space located between a first floor of the building and a first ceiling above the first floor; an inter-floor space is located between the first ceiling and a second floor above the first ceiling; A subfloor space is defined between the first floor and the ground by the foundation, The first space and the underfloor space are in communication with each other via the second air vent.

[0008] The ventilation structure for a building according to the present invention is characterized in that an opening / closing valve is provided in the second ventilation hole of the entrance frame portion.

[0009] In addition, in the ventilation structure for a building according to the present invention, a check valve is provided in the second vent hole of the entrance frame portion on the upstream side or downstream side of the on-off valve in the air flow direction from the underfloor space to the first space, The check valve is characterized in that it allows air to flow downstream in the air flow direction and blocks air from flowing upstream in the air flow direction.

[0010] The method for ventilating a building according to the present invention also includes providing a first ventilation hole in a foundation of the building, A second ventilation hole is provided in the entrance frame of the building, The first space between the first floor of the building and the first ceiling above the first floor is connected to the underfloor space defined by the foundation between the first floor and the ground via the second air vent.

[0011] The ventilation device according to the present invention is a ventilation device provided in an entrance frame of a building having a first ventilation hole in a foundation, a cylindrical sleeve forming a second vent that connects a first space between a first floor and a first ceiling located above the first floor with an underfloor space defined by the foundation between the first floor and the ground; a check valve provided in the sleeve, which blocks air flow from the first space to the underfloor space and allows air flow from the underfloor space to the first space; an on-off valve provided in the sleeve for opening or closing the second vent hole; a drive unit that drives the on-off valve to open or close; and a control device that controls the drive unit so that the on-off valve is opened or closed. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] According to the ventilation structure for a building of the present invention, a first air vent is provided in the foundation and a second air vent is provided in the entrance frame, thereby allowing the underfloor space and the first space to communicate with each other through the second air vent. Therefore, even if excessive exhaust occurs due to the use of a kitchen exhaust fan or the like in the first space, air from the underfloor space flows into the first space through the second air vent, thereby preventing a decrease in pressure in the first and second spaces. Because the pressure in the first space does not decrease in this way, hot and humid outside air, for example in summer, is prevented from entering the inter-floor space through gaps in the building envelope. This prevents condensation from occurring in the inter-floor space. Therefore, condensation can be prevented in the inter-floor space without the high operating costs of the prior art.

[0013] Furthermore, according to the ventilation structure for a building of the present invention, the second air vent is provided with an on-off valve, so that the second air vent can be opened and closed at will. For example, by opening the on-off valve in summer and closing it in winter, cooler air from the underfloor space, which is cooler than the outside air, flows into the first space through the second air vent in summer, thereby reducing the cooling load and allowing fresh underfloor air to flow into the room. In winter, air from the underfloor space, which is cooler than the room's temperature, is prevented from flowing into the first space through the second air vent more than necessary, thereby suppressing a decrease in comfort.

[0014] Furthermore, in the ventilation structure for a building according to the present invention, a check valve is provided in the second air vent, which allows air to flow from the underfloor space into the indoor space via the second air vent and prevents air from the indoor space from flowing into the underfloor space via the second air vent. This prevents indoor air containing water vapor generated in daily life from increasing the humidity in the underfloor space, and suppresses a decrease in the durability of the building due to high humidity in the underfloor space.

[0015] According to the building ventilation method of the present invention, a first air vent is provided in the foundation of a building and a second air vent is provided in the entrance frame, thereby allowing communication between the underfloor space and the indoor space via the second air vent. Therefore, even if the pressure in the indoor space drops, for example, due to exhaust from a ventilation fan, the air in the underfloor space flows into the indoor space through the second air vent, preventing the pressure in the indoor space from dropping below the external pressure. Because the pressure in the indoor space does not drop in this way, it is possible to prevent hot and humid outside air, for example, in summer, from penetrating into the inter-floor space through gaps in the building envelope. This prevents condensation from occurring in the inter-floor space. Therefore, unlike the prior art, it is possible to prevent condensation from occurring in the inter-floor space without requiring high operating costs.

[0016] In the ventilation device according to the present invention, the operation of the drive unit is controlled by a control device, which opens or closes the on-off valve. For example, by setting the control device to open or close the on-off valve depending on the season or weather, the on-off valve can be opened in the hot and humid summer and closed in the winter, allowing air from the underfloor space to flow into the indoor space in the summer and in the winter, preventing a drop in the temperature of the indoor air. This suppresses a drop in pressure inside the building due to exhaust from the ventilation fan in the summer and prevents hot and humid outside air from flowing into the inter-floor space through gaps in the building envelope, thereby preventing condensation in the inter-floor space. Furthermore, in the winter, air from the underfloor space, which is cooler than the indoor air, can be prevented from flowing into the room, preventing a decrease in indoor comfort. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a ventilation structure of a building equipped with a ventilation device 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a building 12 equipped with a ventilation device 1. FIG. [Figure 3] 2 is a side view showing the configuration of an on-off valve 32 of the ventilation device 1. FIG. [Figure 4] 4 is a cross-sectional view of the on-off valve 32 taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the electrical configuration of a control device 61. [Figure 6] 10 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the control device 61. [Figure 7] 3 is a block diagram showing the electrical configuration of an air conditioning device 71. FIG. [Figure 8] 3 is a side view showing the configuration of a check valve 31 of the ventilation device 1. FIG. [Figure 9] 9 is a cross-sectional view of the check valve 31 taken along the cutting line IV-IV in FIG. 8. [Figure 10] 4 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the ventilation device 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a ventilation structure for a building equipped with a ventilation device 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a ventilation structure for a building 12 equipped with the ventilation device 1. The ventilation structure for a building according to this embodiment includes the ventilation device 1, and the building ventilation method is implemented by the ventilation structure for the building 12 equipped with the ventilation device 1. The building 12 includes a foundation 2 disposed on the ground G, a wall 3 installed on the foundation 2, a first floor 5 disposed above the foundation 2 with a subfloor space 4 therebetween, a front door frame 9 located above the first floor 5 and separating the first space 6, including the space above the earthen floor of the entrance, from the subfloor space 4, a second floor 5c located above the first ceiling 7, a second ceiling 7a located above the second floor 5c with a second space 6a interposed therebetween, and a roof 11 disposed above the second ceiling 7a. The foundation 2 is, for example, a concrete structure, and the building body is constructed on the foundation 2. The first space 6 and the second space 6a are connected to each other via stairs, a corridor, and the like.

[0019] The amount of water vapor that can be contained in the air decreases as the temperature decreases and increases as the temperature increases. For example, when the temperature changes from 0°C to 40°C, the amount of water vapor that can be contained in the air decreases by about 5 g / m 3 to about 50 g / m 3 Therefore, in summer, when the windows and doors are closed and the indoor air is exhausted by a ventilation fan installed in the kitchen, for example, by the vent 52, the pressure in the first space 6 drops, and hot and humid air flows into the inter-story space 60 through minute gaps in the building envelope. The amount of air exhausted by the ventilation fan is, for example, 500 to 1000 m 3 / hr. When hot and humid air flows into the inter-floor space 60, for example, if an air conditioner 71 (see FIG. 7) installed in the inter-floor space 60 performs cooling operation, the indoor unit 73 of the air conditioner and the refrigerant pipes connected thereto will become cold, increasing the risk of condensation occurring. According to this embodiment, the occurrence of such condensation in the inter-floor space 60 can be easily prevented at low operating costs.

[0020] The ventilation device 1 is disposed in the entrance frame 9 and includes a second air vent 13a that can communicate with the first space 6 and the underfloor space 4. The first space 6 includes a space above the entrance floor that is connected to the first space 6 through an opening that can be opened and closed by a door or other fixture, and the first space 6 on the first floor is connected to the second space 6a on the second floor through a passage space such as a staircase or hallway. An attic space 10 is interposed between the roof 11 and the second ceiling 7a. The attic space 10 has high breathability due to attic vents in the building 12, and is configured to prevent high-temperature air heated by heat from the roof 11, which has been heated by solar radiation, from stagnating. The air in the underfloor space 4 is cooler than the outside air due to the influence of geothermal energy, and is warmer in winter.

[0021] Ventilation methods include natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation. Mechanical ventilation is classified into three types: Type 1 ventilation, in which both intake and exhaust air are mechanically powered; Type 2 ventilation, in which intake air is mechanically powered and exhaust air is exhausted using vents; and Type 3 ventilation, in which exhaust air is mechanically powered and intake air is exhausted using vents. From the perspective of preventing condensation, Type 3 ventilation, which forcibly exhausts air from the first and second spaces 6 and 6a with the windows closed, or Type 1 ventilation, when a large exhaust volume is set or the kitchen exhaust fan is operated for a long period of time, prevents air from flowing into the first and second spaces 6 and 6a through the second air vents 13a, which would cause the pressure in the first and second spaces 6 and 6a to drop excessively and become negative pressure.

[0022] In this embodiment, the building 12 is a two-story steel-framed building used as a residence. The building 12 is not limited to a two-story steel-framed building, but may also be a multi-story steel-framed building with three or more floors. Furthermore, the building 12 is not limited to a steel-framed building, but may also be made of wood or reinforced concrete.

[0023] The wall 3 is provided with air vents 52 to 55. The foundation 2 is provided with a first air vent 51. The first air vent 51 communicates with the underfloor space 4 and the outside. The air vent 52 communicates with the first space 6 on the first floor and the outside. The air vent 53 communicates with the second space 6a on the second floor and the outside. The air vent 54 communicates with the second space 6a on the second floor and the outside, and is provided in the wall portion 3b of the wall 3 opposite the wall portion 3a on the wall 3 where the other air vent 53 on the second floor is provided. The air vent 55 communicates with the first space 6 on the first floor and the outside, and is provided in the wall portion 3d opposite the wall portion 3c on the first floor where the air vent 52 is provided. These air vents 52 to 55 allow the first space 6 on the first floor and the second space 6a on the second floor to be separated by, for example, 150 to 200 m 3 Ventilation is performed at a flow rate of 1 / hr.

[0024] Of the aforementioned air vents 52-55, the air vents 52, 53 provided in the wall portions 3a, 3c on one side of the building 12 are equipped with exhaust fans and can forcibly exhaust air in the first space 6 and the second space 6a to the outside. The air vents 54, 55 provided in the wall portions 3b, 3d on the other side of the building 12 are configured as ducts only and do not have fans. In this embodiment, the one side may be, for example, the south side, and the other side may be, for example, the north side. Furthermore, the air vents 52, 53 and the air vents 54, 55 are not limited to being located at opposing positions on the wall 3 of the building 12, and may also be located at positions on the wall 3 that are oriented 90° apart from each other, and are not particularly limited thereto.

[0025] A leveling concrete layer 14 having a substantially horizontal upper surface is poured on the ground G, and the base includes a concrete block 15 placed on the ground G, a base member 20 placed on the concrete block 15 and fixed to the concrete block 15 with anchor bolts 17 and nuts 18, and an entrance stile 9 placed on the base member 20 and fixed to the base member 20 with, for example, nails or wood screws. The base member 20 is made of wood with a cross section of, for example, 90 mm x 90 mm.

[0026] The first floor 5 has a base panel 5a and a decorative panel 5b laminated on the base panel 5a. A trim member 21 made of, for example, plywood contacts the side end surface of the base panel 5a, and support members 23 support the peripheral edge of the base panel 5a from below. A wooden frame member 22 is disposed on the first space 6 side of the trim member 21 (left side in Figure 1). The frame member 22 rests on a base member 20 and is fixed to the base member 20, the trim member 21, and the support member 23 by, for example, nails or wood screws. A support member 23 is disposed on the underfloor space 4 side of the trim member 21 (right side in Figure 1). The support member 23 rests on the base member 20 and is fixed to the base member 20 by, for example, nails or wood screws.

[0027] Tiles 25 are attached with cement mortar 24 to the side surfaces of the base member 20 and the upper concrete blocks 15 facing the first space 6, and tiles 27 are attached with cement mortar 26 to the surface of the leveled concrete layer 14 facing the first space 6. A decorative frame 28 with an inverted L-shaped cross section is fixed to the frame member 22 with, for example, nails or wood screws. The decorative frame 28 is made of, for example, wood. The decorative frame 28 has a horizontal portion 28a fixed to the frame member 22 and a vertical portion 28b connected perpendicularly to the horizontal portion 28a. The lower end of the vertical portion 28b and the tiles 25 attached with cement mortar 24 to the side surface of the base member 20 are spaced horizontally apart by a distance ΔL1, forming an air passage 29. The second air vent 13a of the ventilation device 1 can communicate between the first space 6 and the underfloor space 4 via the air passage 29. The interval ΔL1 is, for example, 20 mm or more and 50 mm or less, and extends along the entrance stile 9 in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper in FIG.

[0028] Because the air flowing out from second air vent 13a flows downward through air passage 29 between tile 25 and vertical portion 28b of decorative frame 28, the air flowing out from ventilation device 1 does not come into direct contact with the legs of a person passing through first space 6, for example, a person standing on tile 27, preventing the person from feeling uncomfortable or unnatural. In addition, because the end of ventilation device 1 on the first space 6 side and frame member 22 are covered by decorative frame 28, the aesthetic design of the entranceway can be improved.

[0029] Fig. 3 is a side view showing the configuration of the on-off valve 32 of the ventilation device 1, and Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the on-off valve 32 taken along the section line IV-IV in Fig. 3. The on-off valve 32 includes a cylindrical second sleeve 38, a disk-shaped valve element 39 housed in the second sleeve 38, a second shaft 40 to which the valve element 39 is fixed so as to be rotatable about a second axis L2 perpendicular to the central axis L02 of the second sleeve 38, and a drive unit 42 having a rotary shaft 41 coaxially connected to the second shaft 40. The drive unit 42 is configured to angularly displace the valve element 39 by, for example, about 45° between an open position parallel to an imaginary plane including the central axis L02 and a closed position perpendicular to the imaginary plane including the central axis L02.

[0030] The drive unit 42 includes an electric motor 43 having an output shaft and a reducer 44 that reduces the rotation of the output shaft of the electric motor 43 and transmits the reduced rotation to the rotary shaft 41. The electric motor 43 may be, for example, a stepping motor. The central axis L02 of the second sleeve 38 may be aligned with the central axis L01 of the first sleeve 33 (see FIG. 8 ), which will be described later, and may be integrally formed of the same material. The first sleeve 33 and the second sleeve 38 may be separate members made of the same material and airtightly connected to each other. The first sleeve 33 and the second sleeve 38 may be made of a metal such as an aluminum alloy or stainless steel, or a synthetic resin such as polyvinyl chloride.

[0031] The second sleeve 38 has two raised portions 45, 46 that have a generally semicircular cross section and are curved convexly outward in the radial direction. These two raised portions 45, 46 improve the strength of the second sleeve 38, suppress deformation due to external forces, and enable the second sleeve 38 to maintain its generally cylindrical shape.

[0032] FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the electrical configuration of the control device 61. The control device 61 includes a controller 62, a clock circuit 63, and an operation switch SW1 such as a push button. The controller 62 may be implemented by a central processing unit (CPU). The operation switch SW1 is provided in a location that is easy for a user to operate, such as on the wall 3 of the building 12. The clock circuit 63 stores, for example, the open period and closed period of the on-off valve 32 desired by the user, and the controller 62 can read out open period information indicating the open period and closed period information indicating the closed period. For example, the open period may be selected as summer (May to September), and the closed period may be selected as winter (December to March). Furthermore, periods other than summer and winter may be arbitrarily selected as intermediate periods. The clock circuit 63 may be configured to output information indicating summer, winter, and intermediate periods to the controller 62 as a time signal.

[0033] FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the control device 61. In step S10, the control device 61 is powered on and the control operation begins. In step S11, a time signal is input from the operation switch SW1 to the controller 62. If the controller 62 determines that the time signal has been input from the operation switch SW1, the process proceeds to step S12, where it determines whether the time signal input from the operation switch SW1 indicates summer, winter, or intermediate season. If it determines that the time signal indicates summer, the process proceeds to step S14, where the controller 62 outputs a drive signal to the on-off valve 32, and thus to the driver 42, to move the on-off valve 32 from the closed position to the open position and open the second vent hole 13a. If the time signal input from the operation switch SW1 in step S12 indicates winter, the process proceeds to step S13, where it outputs a drive signal to the driver 42 to move the on-off valve 32 from the open position to the closed position and close the second vent hole 13a. In step S12, if the time signal input from the operation switch SW1 is in the intermediate period, either the open or closed state is maintained, and if the time signal is a drive signal for either the open or closed state, a drive signal in the open or closed direction is output to the drive unit 42, causing the on-off valve 32 to open or close, thereby switching to a state desired by the user, for example, a resident. Then, the operation ends in step S15.

[0034] FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the electrical configuration of an air conditioner 71. The air conditioner 71 includes a controller 72, an indoor unit 73, an outdoor unit 74, and an operation switch SW2. The controller 72 may be implemented, for example, by a central processing unit (CPU). The operation switch SW2, such as a push button, is mounted on the wall 3 of the building 12 and has multiple operating parts, such as a power switch, allowing the user to turn the power on and off and set the desired temperature. When temperature information indicating the desired temperature is input via the operation switch SW2, the controller 72 operates the indoor unit 73 and the outdoor unit 74. In summer, the indoor unit 73 can cool the air in the first space 6. The outdoor unit 74 is installed outside the building 12.

[0035] Fig. 8 is a side view showing the configuration of the check valve 31 of the ventilation device 1, and Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the check valve 31 taken along the section line IX-IX in Fig. 8. The ventilation device 1 described above has a check valve 31 and an on-off valve 32. The check valve 31 includes a cylindrical first sleeve 33, a pair of semicircular valve elements 34, 35 housed in the first sleeve 33, a first shaft 36 to which the pair of valve elements 34, 35 are rotatably connected about a first axis L1 perpendicular to the central axis L01 of the first sleeve 33, and a torsion spring 37 attached to the first shaft 36 and biasing the pair of valve elements 34, 35 with a predetermined spring force.

[0036] When the pair of valve bodies 34, 35 are arranged in the closed position, they are symmetrically disposed about an imaginary plane including the first axis L1, and are configured to airtightly close the space inside the first sleeve 33 and block the flow of air from the first space 6 to the underfloor space 4. When the pair of valve bodies 34, 35 are arranged in the open position, they are angularly displaced in directions that decrease the angle between them symmetrically about the imaginary plane including the first axis L1, and are configured to open the space inside the first sleeve 33, i.e., the valve hole, to the maximum opening degree.

[0037] The torsion spring 37 is set so that when the pressure difference ΔP (ΔP = P1 - P2) between the pressure P1 in the underfloor space 4 and the pressure P2 in the first space 6 falls to, for example, 2 Pa or more and 10 Pa or less, the pair of valve bodies 34, 35 opens as shown by the phantom lines in Figure 4, connecting the underfloor space 4 and the first space 6 and allowing air to flow from the underfloor space 4 to the first space 6. When the pressure difference ΔP falls below 2 Pa, the pair of valve bodies 34, 35 close, blocking the flow of air from the first space 6 to the underfloor space 4. This prevents indoor air containing water vapor generated in daily life from flowing into the underfloor space, thereby suppressing an increase in humidity in the underfloor space and preventing a decrease in the durability of the building due to high humidity in the underfloor space.

[0038] 10 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the ventilation device 1. The ventilation method of this embodiment, which uses the ventilation structure of a building, includes the steps of preparing the above-mentioned ventilation device 1 to be installed in a building 12, the ventilation device 1 being disposed in the entrance frame 9 of the building 12 and including a second air vent 13a that can communicate with the first space 6 and the underfloor space 4 of the building 12, and opening the second air vent 13a to allow air in the underfloor space 4 to flow into the first space 6 through the second air vent 13a, thereby suppressing a drop in pressure in the first space 6 and the second space 6a and preventing air outside the building 12 from flowing into the inter-floor space 60.

[0039] When the ventilation operation is started in step S0, the user confirms in step S1 whether the season in which the ventilation device 1 will be used is spring, summer, fall, or winter. If the season is summer, the process proceeds to step S2, in which the on-off valve 32 is operated to change each valve element 34, 35 from a closed state to an open state. The on-off valve 32 may be operated by operating a selector switch (not shown) provided in the ventilation device 1, which supplies driving power to the electric motor 43, reduces the rotation of the output shaft of the electric motor 43 with the reducer 44, drives the rotation shaft 41, and angularly displaces the valve element 39 from the closed position to the open position, thereby changing the on-off valve 32 to the open state.

[0040] The configuration for driving the on-off valve 32 is not limited to the above-described manual operation, but may be realized by a controller 62 provided in the ventilation device 1. The controller 62 is configured as, for example, a processor. The controller 62 may include one or more processors. The processor may include a general-purpose processor that loads a specific program to execute a specific function, and a dedicated processor specialized for a specific process. The dedicated processor may include an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The processor may include a programmable logic device (PLD). The PLD may include a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). The controller 62 may be either a system-on-a-chip (SoC) or a system-in-a-package (SiP) in which one or more processors work together. The controller 62 may include a memory unit that stores various information, programs for operating the on-off valve 32, etc. The memory unit may be configured, for example, with a semiconductor memory. The storage unit may function as a working memory for the controller 62.

[0041] In step S1, if the worker will be using the ventilation device 1 in a season other than summer, i.e., spring, autumn, or winter, the process proceeds to step S3. In step S3, if the worker will be using the ventilation device 1 in an intermediate season, i.e., spring or autumn, the process proceeds to step S4. In the intermediate seasons, the indoor temperature and humidity vary depending on the structure and location of the building 12, so the user can arbitrarily set the open / closed state of the on-off valve 32. That is, the user sets the aforementioned controller 62 provided in the ventilation device 1 to an open or closed state, and checks the open / closed state of the valve body 39 in step S5.

[0042] If the valve element 39 is in an open state and the user wishes to close the valve element 39, the process proceeds to step S6, where the on-off valve 32 is closed. If the valve element 39 is in a closed state and the user wishes to open the valve element 39 in step S5, the process proceeds to step S2, where the on-off valve 32 is opened.

[0043] According to the present invention, by installing a ventilation device 1 in the entrance frame 9 and increasing the amount of underfloor air cooled by geothermal heat in the underfloor space 4 that flows into the room, the room is prevented from becoming under excessively negative pressure, and hot and humid outside air is prevented from being introduced into the inter-floor space 60 through gaps in the building envelope, thereby suppressing the occurrence of summer condensation at low operating costs.

[0044] The humidity suppression results of the ventilation device 1 through simulation are shown in the following Table 1. It was confirmed that the installation of the ventilation device 1 significantly reduced the relative humidity in the inter-floor space 60.

[0045] [Table 1]

[0046] In order to confirm the humidity reduction effect of the ventilation device 1, the inventors of the present invention checked the outdoor temperature, outdoor relative humidity, indoor temperature, indoor relative humidity, and the inter-floor relative humidity, which is the relative humidity of the inter-floor space 60, using the H&M transient heat and humidity calculation system manufactured by Building Environmental Solutions, and the results are shown in Table 1. When the ventilation device 1 was not used, the maximum value of the relative humidity in the inter-floor space 60 reached 100% RH, whereas when the ventilation device 1 was used, the maximum value of the relative humidity dropped to 94.6% RH, confirming that the ventilation device 1 had a humidity suppression effect.

[0047] According to the building ventilation structure of this embodiment, the second air vent 13a is provided in the entrance frame 9, allowing the first space 6 and the underfloor space 4 to communicate with each other through the second air vent 13a. The pressure in the first space 6 is prevented from dropping below the external pressure, for example, due to exhaust air from a ventilation fan. Because the pressure in the first space 6 does not drop in this way, hot and humid outside air, for example, in summer, is prevented from penetrating into the inter-floor space 60 through gaps in the building envelope. Since the penetration of hot and humid air into the inter-floor space 60 through gaps is suppressed, condensation in the inter-floor space 60 can be prevented. Therefore, condensation in the inter-floor space 60 can be prevented without requiring high operating costs, as in the prior art.

[0048] In addition, according to the ventilation structure of the building of this embodiment, the foundation 2 has a first air vent 51 that connects the underfloor space 4 to the outside, so when the air in the underfloor space 4 flows out from the second air vent 13a to the first space 6, outside air flows into the underfloor space 4 from the first air vent 51, thereby allowing the air in the underfloor space 4 to flow smoothly out from the second air vent 13a to the first space 68, preventing the pressure in the first space 6 and the second space 6a from dropping below the external pressure, and suppressing the infiltration of outside air into the inter-floor space 60 through gaps in the building envelope, thereby preventing condensation from occurring in the inter-floor space 60.

[0049] Furthermore, according to the ventilation structure for a building of this embodiment, the second air vent 13a is provided in the entrance frame 9, so that the first space 6 and the underfloor space 4 can be connected to each other via the second air vent 13a. Even if the amount of exhaust air from the first space 6 and the second space 6a increases due to factors such as exhaust from a ventilation fan, the air in the underfloor space 4 is guided to the first space 6 and the second space 6a via the second air vent 13a, thereby preventing a drop in pressure in the first space 6 and the second space 6a. This prevents hot and humid air from entering the inter-floor space 60 through gaps in the building envelope, preventing condensation from forming in the inter-floor space 60.

[0050] According to the building ventilation method of this embodiment, the second air vent 13a is provided in the entrance frame 9 of the building, so that even if the exhaust volume increases due to, for example, exhaust from a ventilation fan, air in the underfloor space 4 is supplied to the first space 6 and the second space 6a through the second air vent 13a. This prevents a significant drop in pressure in the first space 6 and the second space 6a, thereby preventing hot and humid air from the outside from entering the inter-floor space 60 through gaps in the building envelope. This prevents condensation from forming in the inter-floor space 60.

[0051] According to the ventilation device 1 of this embodiment, the first space 6 and the underfloor space 4 can be connected to each other by the ventilation device 1. Even if the amount of exhaust air from the first space 6 and the second space 6a increases due to the exhaust of a ventilation fan or the like, the air in the underfloor space 4 is guided to the first space 6 and the second space 6a through the second air vent 13a, preventing a drop in pressure due to excessive exhaust from the first space 6 and the second space 6a. Therefore, hot and humid air from the outside is prevented from entering the inter-floor space 60 through gaps in the building envelope, preventing condensation from forming in the inter-floor space 60.

[0052] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and improvements are possible within the scope of the gist of the present invention. It goes without saying that all or part of the components constituting each of the above-described embodiments can be combined as appropriate within the scope of not contradicting each other. [Explanation of symbols]

[0053] 1. Ventilation device 2 Basics 3. Wall 4 Underfloor space 5 beds 5a Base panel 5b Decorative panel 6 1st space 6a 2nd space 7,7a ceiling 9 Entrance frame 10 Attic space 11. Roof 12 Buildings 13a Second ventilation hole 14 Leveling concrete layer 15 Concrete Block 17 Anchor bolt 18 Nut 20 Foundation members 21 Trim material 22 Frame parts 23 Support member 24 Cement Mortar 25 tiles 26 Cement Mortar 27 tiles 28 Decorative tile trim 29 Ventilation channel 31 Check valve 32 On-off valve 33 First Sleeve 34,35 Valve body 36 1st axis 37 Torsion spring 38 Second Sleeve 39 Valve body 40 2nd axis 41 Rotation axis 42 Drive unit 43 Electric Motor 44 Reducer 45,46 Ridge 51 First ventilation hole 52~55 Ventilation holes 60-story space 61 Control device

Claims

1. A first vent is provided in the foundation of the building; A second ventilation hole is provided in the entrance frame of the building, a first space located between a first floor of the building and a first ceiling above the first floor; an inter-floor space is located between the first ceiling and a second floor above the first ceiling; A subfloor space defined by the foundation is located between the first floor and the ground, A ventilation structure for a building, characterized in that the first space and the underfloor space are connected to each other via the second air vent.

2. The ventilation structure for a building according to claim 1, wherein an opening / closing valve is provided in the second ventilation hole of the entrance frame portion.

3. A check valve is provided in the second air vent of the entrance frame portion on the upstream side or downstream side of the on-off valve in the air flow direction from the underfloor space to the first space, 3. The ventilation structure for a building according to claim 2, wherein the check valve allows air to flow downstream in the air flow direction and blocks air from flowing upstream in the air flow direction.

4. A first ventilation hole is provided in the foundation of the building. A second ventilation hole is provided in the entrance frame of the building, A method for ventilating a building, characterized in that a first space between a first floor of the building and a first ceiling above the first floor is connected to an underfloor space defined by the foundation between the first floor and the ground via the second air vent.

5. A ventilation device provided in an entrance frame of a building having a first ventilation hole in a foundation, a cylindrical sleeve forming a second vent hole that communicates a first space between a first floor and a first ceiling located above the first floor with an underfloor space defined by the foundation between the first floor and the ground; a check valve provided in the sleeve, the check valve blocking the flow of air from the first space to the underfloor space and allowing the flow of air from the underfloor space to the first space; an on-off valve provided in the sleeve for opening or closing the second vent hole; a drive unit that drives the on-off valve to open or close; and a control device that controls the drive unit so that the on-off valve is opened or closed.

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