Power supply control device and power supply control method

Abstract

To provide a power supply control device and a power supply control method capable of appropriately modifying control of a distributed power supply.SOLUTION: A power supply control device includes: a control part that specifies an overall adjustable power amount adjustable by an entire distributed power supply based on an estimated prediction error regarding the entire distributed power supply installed in each of two or more facilities; and a transmission part that transmits information indicating the overall adjustable power amount to a power management device. The control part executes a first process of distributing the estimated prediction error to each of the distributed power supplies based on a weighted value of each of the distributed power supplies, and executes a second process of controlling each of the distributed power supplies based on the estimated prediction error distributed to each of the distributed power supplies.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a power supply control device and a power supply control method. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, a system using distributed power sources such as power storage devices (hereinafter referred to as VPP (Virtual Power Plant)) has been attracting attention in order to stabilize the balance between power supply and demand in a power grid (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

[0003] In a VPP, an adjustment request (hereinafter referred to as a DR request) to reduce forward flow power or generated power is expected. For example, a power supply control device that controls distributed power sources on behalf of a power management device controls the distributed power sources installed in a facility in response to the DR request received from the power management device. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] International Publication No. 2015 / 041010 Brochure [Patent Document 2] International Publication No. 2016 / 084396 Brochure Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] In a case where a power supply control device controls a distributed power supply instead of a power management device, it is assumed that the power supply control device transmits information indicating the amount of power that can be adjusted across the entire distributed power supply controlled by the power supply control device to the power management device. Note that it is also assumed that the amount of power that can be adjusted across the entire distributed power supply is determined taking into account an estimated prediction error across the entire distributed power supply.

[0006] However, the estimated forecast error of the amount of power that can be adjusted by each distributed power source may differ for each distributed power source or facility. Therefore, when it becomes necessary to correct the control of the distributed power source in a case where the actual power demand value deviates from the planned power demand value for the entire facility where the distributed power sources controlled by the power supply control device are installed, simply considering the estimated forecast error of the entire distributed power source does not take into account the estimated forecast error of each distributed power source or facility, and therefore, adjustment of each distributed power source (or facility) may not be enough to adjust the deviation.

[0007] Therefore, the present disclosure has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a power supply control device and a power supply control method that enable appropriate correction of control of distributed power sources. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] An aspect of the disclosure is a power supply control device that includes a transmitter that transmits to a power management device a total adjustable amount of power that can be adjusted by all of the distributed power sources installed in each of two or more facilities, and a controller that controls the distributed power sources, wherein the controller performs a first process of correcting the total adjustable amount of power that can be adjusted by all of the distributed power sources based on an estimated prediction error for all of the distributed power sources, a second process of distributing the estimated prediction error to each of the distributed power sources based on a weighting value for each of the distributed power sources, and a third process of controlling each of the distributed power sources based on the estimated prediction error distributed to each of the distributed power sources.

[0009] An aspect of the disclosure is a power supply control method comprising the steps of: transmitting to a power management device a total adjustable amount of power that can be adjusted by all of the distributed power sources installed in each of two or more facilities; performing a first process to modify the total adjustable amount of power that can be adjusted by all of the distributed power sources based on an estimated prediction error for all of the distributed power sources; performing a second process to distribute the estimated prediction error to each of the distributed power sources based on a weighting value for each of the distributed power sources; and performing a third process to control each of the distributed power sources based on the estimated prediction error distributed to each of the distributed power sources. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a power supply control device and a power supply control method that make it possible to appropriately correct the control of a distributed power supply. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a power supply control system 1 according to an embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a facility 100 according to the embodiment. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the RA server 200 according to the embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the AC server 300 according to the embodiment. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the first process according to the embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the second process according to the embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a power supply control method according to the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description of the drawings, the same or similar parts are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals. However, the drawings are schematic.

[0013] [Embodiment] (Power supply control system) A power supply control system according to an embodiment will be described below. 1, the power supply control system 1 includes a facility 100. The power supply control system 1 includes an RA (Resource Aggregator) server 200 and an AC (Aggregation Coordinator) server 300.

[0014] Here, the facility 100, the RA server 200, and the AC server 300 are configured to be able to communicate with each other via a network 11. The network 11 may include the Internet, a dedicated line such as a VPN (Virtual Private Network), or a mobile communication network.

[0015] The facility 100 is connected to the power grid 12 and may receive power from the power grid 12 or may supply power to the power grid 12. Power from the power grid 12 to the facility 100 may be referred to as forward flow power. Power from the facility 100 to the power grid 12 may be referred to as reverse flow power. In FIG. 1 , facilities 100A to 100C are illustrated as examples of the facility 100.

[0016] Although not particularly limited, facility 100 may be a facility such as a residence, a facility such as a store, or a facility such as an office. Facility 100 may also be an apartment building including two or more residences. Facility 100 may also be a complex including at least two or more of the following facilities: a residence, a store, and an office. Details of facility 100 will be described later (see FIG. 2).

[0017] The RA server 200 is a server managed by a business operator (e.g., a VPP (Virtual Power Plant) business operator) that controls distributed power sources (e.g., the power storage device 120 described later) installed in the facility 100. The RA server 200 may be interpreted as a VPP business operator. The RA server 200 may also be referred to as a first server or a subordinate server. Details of the RA server 200 will be described later (see FIG. 3).

[0018] In the embodiment, the RA server 200 constitutes a power supply control device that controls the distributed power supplies installed in the facility 100 in place of the power management device (AC server 300).

[0019] The AC server 300 is a server managed by a business operator (e.g., a retail electricity supplier) that sells electricity to the facility 100. The AC server 300 is an example of a power management device belonging to a retail electricity supplier that sells electricity to the facility 100. The retail electricity supplier may procure electricity from an electricity market or a power generation company and sell the procured electricity to the facility 100. The AC server 300 may be read as a retail electricity supplier. The AC server 300 may also be referred to as a second server or an upper server. Details of the AC server 300 will be described later (see FIG. 4).

[0020] Although not particularly limited, the electricity market may be a market in which electricity is traded for a target period (e.g., one day from 0:00 to 24:00). The electricity market may be a market in which electricity rates are determined for each unit period (e.g., 30 minutes) that constitutes the target period. The electricity market may include a spot market in which trading closes the day before the target period (e.g., 10:00 the day before the target period). The electricity market may also include an advance market in which trading closes just before (e.g., one hour before) the unit period that constitutes the target period. The electricity market may include a forward market, a forward electricity market, a futures market, a capacity market, or an adjustment market in which electricity is traded for a specific future period (e.g., one year, one month, one week).

[0021] Although not particularly limited, power generation companies may include companies that trade electricity in the electricity market, and may also include companies that trade electricity directly with retail electricity companies.

[0022] The AC server 300 may transmit an adjustment request requesting adjustment of supply and demand in the power grid 12 for a predetermined period. The adjustment request may be referred to as a DR (Demand Response) request. The DR request may include an upward DR request requesting an increase in the power demand of the facility 100 from a reference value, or may include a downward DR request requesting a decrease in the power demand of the facility 100 from a reference value.

[0023] The reference value is the power demand of the facility 100 before the DR request. The reference value is a value that reflects the power consumption of the facility 100 (power consumption of the load devices 140), as well as the power generated by power generation devices (e.g., the solar cell device 110 and the fuel cell device 130) and the charging power and discharging power of the power storage device 120. The reference value may be considered as a baseline power. The baseline power may be an average value of the power demand for a certain period before the issuance of the DR request is announced. The certain period may be determined according to the actual situation of the negawatt trading, or may be determined between the RA server 200 and the AC server 300. The baseline power may be calculated based on a predicted value of the power demand of the facility 100, a predicted value of the power generation of the facility 100, or both the power demand and the power generation.

[0024] When the power demand of the facility 100 is increased or decreased in response to the DR request, a reward may be given according to the degree to which the DR request was complied with. The reward may be given to the AC server 300 or the facility 100. When the power demand of the facility 100 is not increased or decreased in response to the DR request, a penalty may be imposed according to the degree to which the DR request was not complied with. The penalty may be imposed on the AC server 300 or the facility 100. The penalty may be imposed only on the facility 100 that responded that it would comply with the DR request. The reward and penalty may be monetary.

[0025] (facility) A facility according to an embodiment will be described below. As shown in Fig. 2, the facility 100 includes a solar cell device 110, a power storage device 120, a fuel cell device 130, a load device 140, and an EMS (Energy Management System) 160. The facility 100 may also include a measuring device 190.

[0026] The solar cell device 110 is a distributed power source that generates electricity in response to light such as sunlight. For example, the solar cell device 110 is configured by a PCS (Power Conditioning System) and a solar panel. Here, installation may mean connecting the solar cell device 110 to the power grid 12.

[0027] The power storage device 120 is a distributed power source that charges and discharges power. For example, the power storage device 120 is configured by a PCS and a power storage cell. Here, "installed" may mean that the power storage device 120 is connected to the power grid 12.

[0028] The fuel cell device 130 is a distributed power source that generates electricity using fuel. For example, the fuel cell device 130 is composed of a PCS and a fuel cell. Here, "installed" may mean that the fuel cell device 130 and the power grid 12 are connected.

[0029] For example, the fuel cell device 130 may be a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC; Solid Oxide Fuel Cell), a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC; Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell), a phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC; Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell), or a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC; Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell).

[0030] The load devices 140 are devices that consume power. For example, the load devices 140 may include air conditioners, heat pump water heaters, lighting devices, and the like.

[0031] The EMS 160 manages the power related to the facility 100. The EMS 160 may control the solar cell device 110, the power storage device 120, the fuel cell device 130, and the load devices 140. In the embodiment, the EMS 160 is illustrated as an example of a device that receives control commands from the RA server 200, but such a device may also be referred to as a gateway or simply as a control unit. The control command may be an instruction or command to control a distributed power source (e.g., the power storage device 120). To distinguish the EMS 160 from the RA server 200, the EMS 160 may also be referred to as a local EMS (LES), a home EMS (HEMS), or a demand-side resource-energy-management system (DSR-MS).

[0032] The measuring device 190 measures forward flow power (hereinafter also referred to as demand power) from the power grid 12 to the facility 100. The measuring device 190 may measure reverse flow power from the facility 100 to the power grid 12. For example, the measuring device 190 may be a smart meter belonging to a power company. The measuring device 190 may transmit an information element indicating a measurement result (an integrated value of forward flow power or reverse flow power) at a first interval (e.g., 30 minutes) to the EMS 160 at the first interval. The measuring device 190 may transmit an information element indicating a measurement result at a second interval (e.g., 1 minute) shorter than the first interval to the EMS 160.

[0033] (RA server) The RA server according to the embodiment will be described below. As shown in FIG.

[0034] The communication unit 210 is configured by a communication module. The communication module may be a wireless communication module conforming to standards such as IEEE802.11a / b / g / n / ac / ax, ZigBee, Wi-SUN, LTE, 5G, or 6G, or may be a wired communication module conforming to standards such as IEEE802.3.

[0035] First, the communication unit 210 may receive a DR request for a predetermined period of time, requesting adjustment of supply and demand in the power grid 12. As described above, the DR request may include a downward DR requesting a decrease in the power demand of the facility 100, or an upward DR requesting an increase in the power demand of the facility 100.

[0036] Second, the communication unit 210 may receive facility information about the facility 100. The facility information may include information indicating the configuration of the distributed power sources that the facility 100 has, or may include information indicating the specifications of the distributed power sources that the facility 100 has.

[0037] Furthermore, the facility information may include the following information. Since the information below changes from moment to moment, the communication unit 210 may receive the facility information including the information below periodically, or may receive it in response to a request from the RA server 200.

[0038] For example, the communication unit 210 may receive a planned value for the power consumption of the facility 100, or may receive an actual value for the power consumption of the facility 100. The communication unit 210 may receive a planned value for the power generated by a distributed power source installed in the facility 100, or may receive an actual value for the power generated by the distributed power source installed in the facility 100. The communication unit 210 may receive a planned value for the power demand of the facility 100, or may receive an actual value for the power demand of the facility 100. Note that when the power consumption is expressed as a value greater than or equal to 0 and the power generation is expressed as a value less than or equal to 0, the power demand is a value expressed as the sum of the power consumption and the power generation. Therefore, when the absolute value of the power generation is greater than the absolute value of the power consumption, the power demand can take a negative value. When the distributed power source is a power storage device 120, the communication unit 210 may receive information indicating the remaining amount of power stored in the power storage device 120 (e.g., SOC; State Of Charge) (hereinafter referred to as remaining power storage information).

[0039] For example, the facility information may include information for identifying a reference value to be referenced in the DR request. The information for identifying the reference value may include information indicating an actual value of the power demand of the facility 100. The information for identifying the reference value may include information indicating an actual value of the power generation of the facility 100. The information for identifying the reference value may include information indicating an actual value of the power consumption of the facility 100.

[0040] For example, the facility information may include information indicating the amount of power that can be adjusted in response to a DR request (hereinafter referred to as adjustable power amount). The facility information may include information indicating the adjustable power amount for each unit period (e.g., 30 minutes) that constitutes the target period. The adjustable power amount for each unit period may include information indicating the adjustable amount of generated power, or may include information indicating the adjustable amount of demanded power.

[0041] Third, the communication unit 210 may transmit to the facility 100 a control command for controlling the distributed power source installed in the facility 100. The distributed power source controlled by the control command, i.e., the distributed power source controlled by the RA server 200, may be a power storage device.

[0042] Fourth, the communication unit 210 transmits to the AC server 300 information indicating the total adjustable amount of power that can be adjusted by all of the distributed power sources controlled by the RA server 200. The total adjustable amount of power may be the sum of the adjustable amounts of power (hereinafter, individual adjustable amounts of power) indicated by the information received from each of the facilities 100.

[0043] In the embodiment, the communication unit 210 constitutes a transmission unit that transmits information indicating the total adjustable amount of power to the AC server 300.

[0044] In the embodiment, the communication unit 210 constitutes a receiving unit that receives, from the AC server 300, a DR request that requests adjustment of supply and demand in the power grid 12 for a predetermined period.

[0045] The management unit 220 is configured by a storage medium such as a hard disk drive (HDD), a solid state drive (SSD), or a nonvolatile memory.

[0046] For example, the management unit 220 may manage information about the facility 100 that has a distributed power source controlled by the RA server 200. For example, the information about the facility 100 may include the type of the distributed power source (solar cell device 110, power storage device 120, or fuel cell device 130) installed in the facility 100, the specifications of the distributed power source (solar cell device 110, power storage device 120, or fuel cell device 130) installed in the facility 100, etc. The specifications may include the rated power generation of the solar cell device 110, the rated charging power of the power storage device 120, the rated discharging power of the power storage device 120, and the rated output power of the fuel cell device 130. The specifications may include the rated capacity of the power storage device 120, the maximum charging and discharging power, etc.

[0047] The control unit 230 may include at least one processor. The at least one processor may be configured by a single integrated circuit (IC), or may be configured by multiple circuits (such as integrated circuits and / or discrete circuits) that are communicatively connected.

[0048] The control unit 230 controls the distributed power sources (for example, the power storage devices 120) installed in the facility 100. In detail, the control unit 230 formulates a control plan for the distributed power sources for a target period (hereinafter referred to as the planned period), and then instructs the communication unit 210 to transmit control commands in accordance with the formulated control plan. The control commands may be transmitted all at once before the planned period for the entire planned period, or may be transmitted sequentially for each planned unit period, or may be transmitted in real time at intervals shorter than the planned unit period.

[0049] In the following, a case where the distributed power source controlled by the RA server 200 is the power storage device 120 will be exemplified.

[0050] The control unit 230 formulates a control plan (hereinafter referred to as a charge / discharge plan) for the power storage device 120 for each planning unit period (e.g., 30 minutes) that constitutes a planning period (e.g., one day). The charge / discharge plan includes an operation mode (e.g., a discharge mode, a charge mode, a standby mode) of the power storage device 120. The charge / discharge plan may include the discharge power and the charge power of the power storage device 120. Although not particularly limited, the control unit 230 may formulate a charge / discharge plan for the power storage device 120 so as to maximize the profits of the facility 100.

[0051] Under such a premise, in response to the DR request, the control unit 230 controls the power storage device 120 installed in the facility 100. Furthermore, the control unit 230 executes the following operations in relation to the DR request.

[0052] First, the control unit 230 executes a first process of correcting the total adjustable amount of power that can be adjusted by the entire power storage device 120, based on the estimated prediction error for the entire power storage device 120. The total adjustable amount of power may be specified for each unit period that constitutes the predetermined period.

[0053] In the following, a case where the total adjustable amount of power is identified will be illustrated, assuming a DR request requesting a reduction in power demand (a downward DR request). The control unit 230 may identify the total adjustable amount of power in the following procedure.

[0054] In step 1-1, as shown in the upper part of Fig. 5, the control unit 230 calculates the total amount of adjustable power (dcrap in Fig. 5) indicated by the information received from each of the facilities 100. The total amount of adjustable power (dcrap in Fig. 5) may be considered to be the total amount of adjustable power determined by a method similar to that of existing technology.

[0055] In step 1-2, as shown in the lower part of Fig. 5, the control unit 230 identifies the total adjustable amount of power (dcrap' in Fig. 5) based on the estimated prediction error for the entire power storage device 120. Here, since a downward DR request is expected, the estimated prediction error in the direction in which the adjustable amount of power decreases may be subtracted from the total adjustable amount of power (dcrap in Fig. 5).

[0056] For example, the estimated forecast error may be determined based on the estimated error distribution for the entire power storage device 120. Although not particularly limited, the estimated forecast error may be a specific lower limit value (a value equivalent to μ-2σ or μ-3σ) in the estimated error distribution. Here, since compliance with the DR request is emphasized, an estimated forecast error in a direction that increases the adjustable power amount may not be taken into consideration.

[0057] The estimation error distribution for the entire power storage device 120 may be determined by the distribution of actual values ​​of the entire adjustable amount of power. The estimation error distribution may be determined for each time element (year, month, day, day of the week, time period, etc.) corresponding to the unit period. The estimation error distribution may be determined for each meteorological element (temperature, humidity, etc.) corresponding to the unit period.

[0058] Second, the control unit 230 executes a second process of distributing the estimated prediction error for all of the power storage devices 120 to each of the power storage devices 120 based on the weighting value of each of the power storage devices 120.

[0059] Here, as shown in Fig. 5, the estimated prediction error is subtracted from the total adjustable energy amount (dcrap in Fig. 5). Therefore, the command value X shown in Fig. 6 is assumed as the command value requested of each power storage device 120 by the DR request in a state in which the estimated prediction error has been subtracted. The command value X may be assumed for each unit period for which adjustment is requested by the DR request.

[0060] Under such a premise, the control unit 230 distributes the estimated prediction error for all of the power storage devices 120 to each of the power storage devices 120 based on the weighting value of each of the power storage devices 120. The estimated prediction error (err_i) distributed to each of the power storage devices 120 may be calculated by the following formula (1). err_i = err * dcrap_i / Σdcap_i ··· Formula (1)

[0061] Here, dcrap_i is the individually adjustable amount of power of each of the power storage devices 120. err is the estimated prediction error for all of the power storage devices 120 (the estimated prediction error subtracted in step 1-2). “dcrap_i / Σdcap_i” is the weighting value of each of the power storage devices 120.

[0062] That is, in equation (1), the individually adjustable amount of power of each of the power storage devices 120 is used as the weighting value of each of the power storage devices 120.

[0063] The control unit 230 estimates a command value Y to be requested of each power storage device 120 by the DR request, based on the estimated prediction error (err_i) distributed to each power storage device 120. In other words, the control unit 230 estimates the command value Y shown in Fig. 6 and corrects the charge / discharge plan of the power storage device 120. The command value Y may be estimated for each unit period for which adjustment is requested by the DR request.

[0064] Third, the control unit 230 executes a third process of controlling each of the power storage devices 120 based on the estimated prediction error distributed to each of the power storage devices 120.

[0065] Specifically, before receiving the DR request, the control unit 230 controls the power storage device 120 based on the charge / discharge plan of the power storage device 120 that has been corrected assuming the command value Y. That is, assuming that the command value Y will be requested in the unit period for which adjustment is requested by the DR request, the control unit 230 corrects the charge / discharge plan of the power storage device 120 and controls the power storage device 120 so as to ensure a dischargeable amount or a chargeable amount corresponding to the command value Y until the unit period for which adjustment is requested by the DR request. After receiving the DR request, the control unit 230 controls the power storage device 120 based on the command value Y in the unit period for which adjustment is requested by the DR request. The following options are possible for the timing of executing the third process.

[0066] In option 1-1, the control unit 230 may execute the third process before receiving a DR request. In option 1-1, the time until the unit period for which adjustment is requested by the DR request is relatively long, so there is a high degree of freedom in correcting the charge / discharge plan of the power storage device 120 and controlling the power storage device 120 in response to the command value Y.

[0067] In option 1-2, the control unit 230 may execute the third process after receiving a DR request and before the start of a unit period for which adjustment is requested by the DR request. In option 1-2, the degree of freedom in modifying the charge / discharge plan of the power storage device 120 in preparation for the command value Y and in controlling the power storage device 120 is reduced; however, in the case where there is no DR request, unnecessary modification of the charge / discharge plan of the power storage device 120, which was formulated to maximize the profits of the facility 100, can be suppressed, and the profits of the facility 100 can be secured.

[0068] The first process and the second process may be executed before the third process, and may be executed before a DR request is received, or may be executed after a DR request is received.

[0069] In the embodiment, the control unit 230 constitutes a control unit that controls the distributed power sources (for example, the power storage devices 120) installed in the facility 100.

[0070] (AC server) The AC server according to the embodiment will be described below. As shown in FIG.

[0071] The communication unit 310 is configured by a communication module. The communication module may be a wireless communication module conforming to standards such as IEEE802.11a / b / g / n / ac / ax, ZigBee, Wi-SUN, LTE, 5G, or 6G, or may be a wired communication module conforming to standards such as IEEE802.3.

[0072] For example, the communication unit 310 receives, from the RA server 200, a planned value (reference value) related to the power demand of the facility 100 in which the distributed power sources controlled by the RA server 200 are installed. The communication unit 310 receives, from the RA server 200, the amount of power that can be adjusted in response to the DR request (in the embodiment, the total adjustable amount of power). The adjustable amount of power may be calculated in each of the facilities 100, transmitted from each of the facilities 100 to the RA server 200, aggregated and / or processed by the RA server 200, and then reported to the AC server 300. The communication unit 310 may transmit the DR request to the RA server 200.

[0073] The management unit 320 is configured by a storage medium such as a hard disk drive (HDD), a solid state drive (SSD), or a nonvolatile memory.

[0074] For example, the management unit 320 may manage information related to the facility 100 to which the electricity retailer sells electricity. For example, the information related to the facility 100 may include the type of distributed power source (solar cell device 110, power storage device 120, or fuel cell device 130) installed in the facility 100, the specifications of the distributed power source (solar cell device 110, power storage device 120, or fuel cell device 130) installed in the facility 100, etc. The specifications may include the rated power generation of the solar cell device 110, the rated charging power of the power storage device 120, the rated discharging power of the power storage device 120, and the rated output power of the fuel cell device 130. The specifications may include the rated capacity of the power storage device 120, the maximum charging and discharging power, etc.

[0075] The control unit 330 may include at least one processor. The at least one processor may be configured by a single integrated circuit (IC) or may be configured by multiple circuits (such as integrated circuits and / or discrete circuits) communicatively connected.

[0076] For example, the control unit 330 may formulate a planned value for the power demand of the facility 100 to which the AC server 300 (retail electricity supplier) sells electricity (i.e., a planned value for the procured power) based on a planned value (reference value) for the power demand of the facility 100 received from the RA server 200.

[0077] For example, the control unit 330 may instruct the communication unit 310 to transmit a DR request based on the total adjustable power received from the RA server 200. The total adjustable power received from the RA server 200 is the total adjustable power before the estimated prediction error is subtracted in the first process described above.

[0078] (Power supply control method) The power supply control method according to the embodiment will be described below, taking the case where the distributed power supply controlled by the RA server 200 is the power storage device 120 as an example.

[0079] 7, in step S10, the RA server 200 receives facility information from the facility 100. The facility information may include the individually adjustable amount of power of each of the power storage devices 120.

[0080] In step S11, the RA server 200 transmits information indicating the total adjustable amount of power that can be adjusted by all of the distributed power sources controlled by the RA server 200 to the AC server 300.

[0081] In step S12, the RA server 200 executes a first process of correcting the total adjustable amount of power that can be adjusted by the entire power storage device 120, based on the estimated prediction error for the entire power storage device 120.

[0082] In step S13, the RA server 200 executes a second process of distributing the estimated prediction error for all of the power storage devices 120 to each of the power storage devices 120 based on the weighting value of each of the power storage devices 120.

[0083] In step S14, the RA server 200 executes a third process of controlling each of the power storage devices 120 based on the estimated prediction error distributed to each of the power storage devices 120. That is, the RA server 200 modifies the charge / discharge plan of the power storage devices 120 based on the estimated prediction error distributed to each of the power storage devices 120 (i.e., the command value Y assumed based on the estimated prediction error), and transmits a control command to the facility 100 to control the power storage devices 120 based on the modified charge / discharge plan of the power storage devices 120.

[0084] In step S20, the AC server 300 transmits a DR request to the RA server 200. For example, the AC server 300 transmits the DR request based on the total adjustable power amount received in step S11.

[0085] In step S21, the RA server 200 transmits to the facility 100 a control command for controlling the power storage device 120 based on the adjustment power amount requested in the DR request. Here, the RA server 200 transmits to the facility 100 a control command for controlling the power storage device 120 based on the estimated prediction error (i.e., the command value Y assumed based on the estimated prediction error) distributed to each of the power storage devices 120.

[0086] In step S30, the RA server 200 receives from the facility 100 the control result based on the control command.

[0087] In step S31, the RA server 200 transmits the control result for the DR request to the AC server 300.

[0088] 7 illustrates a case in which the RA server 200 executes the third process (the process of step S14) before receiving a DR request. However, the above disclosure is not limited to this. The RA server 200 may execute the third process (the process of step S14) after receiving the DR request and before the start of the unit period for which adjustment is requested by the DR request. In such a case, the first process and the second process may be executed before receiving the DR request, or may be executed after receiving the DR request.

[0089] (Action and effect) In the embodiment, the RA server 200 executes a first process of correcting the total adjustable amount of power that can be adjusted by the entire power storage devices 120 based on an estimated prediction error for the entire power storage devices 120, a second process of distributing the estimated prediction error for the entire power storage devices 120 to each of the power storage devices 120 based on a weighting value of each of the power storage devices 120, and a third process of controlling each of the power storage devices 120 based on the estimated prediction error distributed to each of the power storage devices 120. According to this configuration, the estimated prediction error for the entire power storage devices 120 is distributed to each of the power storage devices 120 in advance, so that even if an estimated prediction error occurs, it is possible to appropriately correct the control of the power storage devices 120 in preparation for a DR request.

[0090] [Change Example 1] Modification 1 of the embodiment will be described below, focusing mainly on the differences from the embodiment.

[0091] In the embodiment, the estimation error distribution is a distribution for the entire power storage device 120. In particular, the estimation error distribution is a distribution for the adjustable power of the power storage device 120.

[0092] In Modification 1, the estimated error distribution may be an estimated error distribution of the power consumption of the facility 100 and an estimated error distribution of the power generation of the facility 100. The estimated error distribution may be an estimated error distribution of the power demand of the facility 100 (a value expressed as the sum of the power consumption and the power generation when the power generation is expressed as a value equal to or less than 0). Because the adjustable power of the power storage device 120 is affected by the power consumption of the facility 100 and the power generation of the facility 100, the estimated error distribution may be an estimated error distribution of the power consumption of the facility 100 and an estimated error distribution of the power generation of the facility 100.

[0093] Although not particularly limited, the estimation error distribution may be specified by the following procedure.

[0094] In Step 1A, data on power consumption of the facilities 100 for a recent fixed period (for example, two weeks) is acquired, and a correlation matrix (hereinafter, first matrix C) between the facilities 100 is generated.

[0095] In Step 2A, a power consumption prediction σ matrix for the facility 100 is obtained, and a matrix (hereinafter, referred to as the second matrix C) is obtained by cross-product of the power consumption prediction σ matrix and the transposed matrix. The σ matrix may be composed of the standard deviation of the predicted probability distribution or the difference between any two quantiles.

[0096] In Step 3A, the Hadamard product of the first matrix C and the second matrix C is calculated, and the standard deviation σ is calculated from the sum of the elements of the matrix obtained by the calculated Hadamard product. c Calculate.

[0097] In Step 1B, data on the power generated by the facilities 100 for a recent fixed period (for example, two weeks) is acquired, and a correlation matrix (hereinafter, first matrix P) between the facilities 100 is generated.

[0098] In Step 2B, a power generation prediction σ matrix of the power generation of the facility 100 is obtained, and a matrix (hereinafter, second matrix P) is obtained by cross-product of the power generation prediction σ matrix and the transposed matrix.

[0099] In Step 3B, the Hadamard product of the first matrix P and the second matrix P is calculated, and the combined standard deviation σ is calculated from the sum of the elements of the matrix obtained by the calculated Hadamard product. p Calculate.

[0100] In Step 4, the standard deviation σ c and standard deviation σ p Based on the estimation error distribution (2√σ c 2 + σ p 2 ) to identify the

[0101] Note that the estimation error distribution may be specified according to the following options: In option 2-1, the estimated error distribution may be determined by comparing the overall estimated error distribution of facility 100 with the overall actual error distribution of facility 100.

[0102] In Option 2-2, the estimated error distribution may be determined by combining actual values ​​of the estimated error distribution determined at two or more timings using a weighting value. The weighting value may be defined so that the older the timing at which the estimated error distribution was determined, the smaller the weighting value.

[0103] In option 2-3, the estimation error distribution (variance) may be determined by machine learning, including deep learning.

[0104] In Option 2-4, the power consumption prediction σ matrix in Step 2A may be obtained using Gaussian process regression, a probabilistic model for determining a probability distribution, a regression method, or machine learning including deep learning.

[0105] [Other embodiments] Although the present invention has been described by the above-mentioned embodiments, the descriptions and drawings that form part of this disclosure should not be understood to limit the present invention. From this disclosure, various alternative embodiments, examples, and operating techniques will become apparent to those skilled in the art.

[0106] In the above disclosure, the DR request does not immediately request the start of adjustment, but requests adjustment within a unit period included in the target period. Therefore, the DR request may be read as a DR reservation.

[0107] In the above disclosure, the control of the power storage device 120 in the third process may include formulating or modifying a charge / discharge plan for the power storage device 120, and may include transmitting a control command to the power storage device 120.

[0108] In the above disclosure, the case where the total adjustable amount of power and the individual adjustable amount of power are specified for each power storage device 120 has been described. However, the above disclosure is not limited to this. The total adjustable amount of power and the individual adjustable amount of power may be specified for each facility in which the power storage device 120 is installed.

[0109] In the above disclosure, the amount of electric energy may be expressed in kWh, etc. Power is the amount of electric energy per unit time, and may be expressed in kW, etc. When there is no particular influence of the time factor, the amount of electric energy and power may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0110] In the above disclosure, the case where the distributed power source controlled by the RA server 200 is the power storage device 120 has been exemplified. However, the above disclosure is not limited to this. The distributed power source controlled by the RA server 200 may be a fuel cell device 130 or a diesel generator.

[0111] In the above disclosure, a case has been described in which the RA server 200 and the AC server 300 are separate servers. However, the above disclosure is not limited to this. The RA server 200 and the AC server 300 may be a single server. In such a case, the function corresponding to the RA server 200 may be referred to as a VPP function, and the function corresponding to the AC server 300 may be referred to as a retail function.

[0112] Although not specifically mentioned in the above disclosure, a program may be provided that causes a computer to execute each process performed by the RA server 200. The program may also be recorded on a computer-readable medium. Using the computer-readable medium, the program can be installed on a computer. Here, the computer-readable medium on which the program is recorded may be a non-transitory recording medium. The non-transitory recording medium is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, a recording medium such as a CD-ROM or a DVD-ROM.

[0113] Alternatively, a chip may be provided that is configured by a memory that stores programs for executing the processes performed by the RA server 200 and a processor that executes the programs stored in the memory.

[0114] [Note] The above disclosure may be expressed as follows: A first feature of the power supply control device is that it includes a transmitter that transmits to a power management device a total adjustable amount of power that can be adjusted by all of the distributed power sources installed in each of two or more facilities, and a controller that controls the distributed power sources, wherein the controller performs a first process of correcting the total adjustable amount of power that can be adjusted by all of the distributed power sources based on an estimated prediction error for all of the distributed power sources, a second process of distributing the estimated prediction error to each of the distributed power sources based on a weighting value for each of the distributed power sources, and a third process of controlling each of the distributed power sources based on the estimated prediction error distributed to each of the distributed power sources.

[0115] A second feature is a power supply control device in accordance with the first feature, wherein the power supply control device includes a receiving unit that receives an adjustment request for adjusting supply and demand in a power system for a predetermined period of time, and the control unit executes the third process before receiving the adjustment request.

[0116] A third feature is a power supply control device in accordance with the first feature, further comprising: a receiving unit that receives an adjustment request for adjusting supply and demand in an electric power system for a predetermined period; and the control unit that executes the third process after receiving the adjustment request and before the start of a period for which adjustment is requested by the adjustment request.

[0117] A fourth feature is a power supply control method comprising the steps of: transmitting to a power management device a total adjustable amount of power that can be adjusted by all of the distributed power sources installed in each of two or more facilities; executing a first process to modify the total adjustable amount of power that can be adjusted by all of the distributed power sources based on an estimated prediction error for all of the distributed power sources; executing a second process to distribute the estimated prediction error to each of the distributed power sources based on a weighting value for each of the distributed power sources; and executing a third process to control each of the distributed power sources based on the estimated prediction error distributed to each of the distributed power sources. [Explanation of symbols]

[0118] 1...power supply control system, 11...network, 12...power system, 100...facility, 110...solar cell device, 120...power storage device, 130...fuel cell device, 140...load equipment, 160...EMS, 190...measuring device, 200...RA server, 210...communication unit, 220...management unit, 230...control unit, 300...AC server, 310...communication unit, 320...management unit, 330...control unit

Claims

1. a transmitting unit that transmits to a power management device an overall adjustable amount of power that can be adjusted by all of the distributed power sources installed in each of the two or more facilities; a control unit that controls the distributed power source, The control unit performing a first process of correcting an overall adjustable amount of power that can be adjusted by the entire distributed generation based on an estimated prediction error for the entire distributed generation; performing a second process of allocating the estimated prediction error to each of the distributed power sources based on the weighting value of each of the distributed power sources; a power supply control device that executes a third process of controlling each of the distributed power supplies based on the estimated prediction error distributed to each of the distributed power supplies;

2. a receiving unit that receives an adjustment request for requesting supply and demand adjustment in the power grid for a predetermined period; The power supply control device according to claim 1 , wherein the control unit executes the third process before receiving the adjustment request.

3. a receiving unit that receives an adjustment request for requesting supply and demand adjustment in the power grid for a predetermined period; The power supply control device according to claim 1 , wherein the control unit executes the third process after receiving the adjustment request and before a unit period for which adjustment is requested by the adjustment request starts.

4. transmitting to a power management device an overall adjustable amount of power that can be adjusted by all of the distributed power sources installed in each of the two or more facilities; performing a first process for modifying an overall adjustable amount of power adjustable by the entire distributed generation based on an estimated prediction error for the entire distributed generation; performing a second process of allocating the estimated forecast error to each of the distributed power sources based on the weighting value of each of the distributed power sources; and executing a third process to control each of the distributed power sources based on the estimated prediction error distributed to each of the distributed power sources.

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