Shelter for body

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a shelter capable of protecting a body within several seconds at the time of major earthquake (corresponding to seismic intensity of 7) while being used as an indoor frame material daily.CONSTITUTION: In a shelter for body, when long sides 11 of a rectangular main plate 1 of a metal thin plate are defined as a longitudinal direction and the short sides 12 are defined as a width direction, a tensioned string object 4 is formed by being connected in between both short sides 12, 12 facing each other. The rectangular main plate 1 forms a flat curved shape daily. At the time of major earthquake, the tensioned string object 4 is appropriately shortened by a tensile force of a power and the entire longitudinal direction of the rectangular main plate 1 is formed to have a curved shape and fixed to serve as a shelter for body.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 16

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a body shelter that can be used as an indoor frame material in everyday life and can be transformed into a shelter to protect the body within a few seconds during a major earthquake (equivalent to a seismic intensity of 7). [Background technology]

[0002] On the evening of New Year's Day this year (2024), a major earthquake struck the Noto Peninsula, causing many homes to collapse. In particular, the Ishikawa Prefecture government released information on deaths up to January 20th of this year. Of the more than 240 people who died, 103 of whom had family consent, revealing the tragic reality that a staggering 90% were crushed to death by collapsing homes.

[0003] In both the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake and the Great Hanshin-Awaji earthquake, many houses collapsed, and many reports were published of people being crushed to death by the collapse of their houses. In the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake, the damage was diverse, with tsunamis and fires occurring. The strength of the houses is the primary factor in the deaths caused by the collapse of houses.

[0004] Houses built in the 2000s that comply with the Building Standards Act have the advantage of being less likely to collapse, but the reality is that two-story wooden houses built before this time are at considerable risk of collapsing in an earthquake of magnitude 7. A considerable proportion of these seemingly fragile houses exist in earthquake-prone Japan.

[0005] The Anshin Home Shelter in Cited Document 1 (Utility Model Registration No. 3119420) has an arc-shaped arch that bulges upward, forming a space below which the body can fit into. This invention is based on the idea that if a person sleeps within this space, they can survive even if their house collapses during a major earthquake, and it is recognized as a shelter that provides a certain degree of safety. However, in everyday life, having this in a bedroom takes up space and can be disturbing to sleep. It would be difficult to popularize it.

[0006] The personal shelter in cited document 2 (Patent No. 6482495) is also an invention in which a person can sleep in the interior space of a polygonal shelter made by combining many rods, forming a trapezoid when viewed from the front and a triangle when viewed from the side, during everyday life, and survive even if their house collapses during a major earthquake. However, this invention is thought to be difficult to popularize, especially since there is great resistance to having it on a bed in a bedroom in everyday life, and it may also interfere with sleep.

[0007] The earthquake-resistant shelter in cited document 3 (Patent No. 5469137) is an invention that protects houses from collapse, and if an individual wakes up immediately even if they are sleeping and enters the earthquake-resistant shelter during a major earthquake, they can survive even if their house collapses. This invention only requires space to place it in a bedroom, etc.

[0008] It is true that the shelters in the cited documents 1, 2 and 3 not only take up space in everyday life, even in a bedroom or living room, but also often get in the way of everyday living activities, making them difficult to popularize. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0009] [Patent Document 1] Utility Model Registration No. 3119420 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 6482495 [Patent Document 3] Patent No. 5469137 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0010] Therefore, what is needed is something that does not function as a shelter during everyday (normal) times, but does not get in the way, and only serves as a shelter in the event of a major earthquake; however, there have been no products that meet this need, and yet such a dual purpose, both for everyday use and during a major earthquake, has been desired and anticipated even in Japan, a country prone to earthquakes. Therefore, the problem (technical problem or objective, etc.) that this invention aims to solve is to realize a shelter that does not get in the way during everyday use, but serves as a shelter that protects the body only during a major earthquake. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] The inventor has conducted extensive research to solve the above problems, and as a result, has come up with the invention of claim 1, which is a rectangular main plate made of a thin metal plate, with the long sides of the main plate being the lengthwise direction and the short sides being the widthwise direction, and tension cord-like objects being tied between the opposing short sides, The above problem was solved by providing a body shelter characterized in that the rectangular main plate is flat in normal times, and in the event of a major earthquake, the tension cord-like member is appropriately shortened by the tensile force of power, and the entire longitudinal direction of the rectangular main plate is curved and fixed.

[0012] The above problem was solved by the invention of claim 2, which is a shelter for bodies characterized in that the long sides of a rectangular main plate made of a thin metal plate are in the longitudinal direction and the short sides are in the width direction, reinforcing bodies are provided along the entire width of each of the opposing short sides, and tensioning cord-like objects are tied between the opposing reinforcing bodies, and the rectangular main plate is flattened in normal times, and in the event of a major earthquake, the tensioning cord-like objects are appropriately shortened by the tensile force of a power source, and the longitudinal direction of the rectangular main plate is formed into a curved shape and fixed.The above problem was solved by the invention of claim 3, which is a shelter for bodies described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a small hoist as the power source is provided in an appropriate position on the tensioning cord-like objects. [Effects of the Invention]

[0013] In the invention of claim 1, the flat rectangular main plate is not used as a shelter during everyday (normal) times, but is instead propped up against a wall or placed horizontally, so that it does not get in the way of the room. Only in the event of a major earthquake is the entire longitudinal direction of the rectangular main plate curved (three-dimensionally formed) and fixed by power, immediately serving as a shelter for the body. This has the greatest advantage that the shelter of this invention can save lives even if a major earthquake occurs and the house collapses. In particular, because it is intended to be bent by hand, stainless steel metal plates have the advantage of being thinner in terms of elasticity than thin galvanized steel plates, making it easier to handle.

[0014] The invention of claim 2 has the advantage that the strength can be compensated for even with thin plate material by adding a reinforcing body. Other effects are the same as those of claim 1. The invention of claim 3 has the advantage that the small hoisting machine as the power source is provided in an appropriate position on the tension cord-like material, allowing for more specific components.

[0015] In the present patent specification, "flat" means flat, and when placed on the ground as a whole, the entire longitudinal direction of the rectangular main panel forms a flat or horizontal surface. Furthermore, when placed on a vertical wall inside or outside a building, the longitudinal direction forms a vertical surface. In particular, when bent by several degrees, specifically as shown in FIG. 20(B), the cross section is L-shaped and curved at an angle 2θ1 [FIG. 20(B)(iii)] or a slight angle. The angle θ1 is formed on both sides of the longitudinal direction. Specifically, even when the angle θ1 is about 1 to about 6 degrees, the concept of "flat" is included [FIG. 20(B)(iii) and (iv)]. Preferably, the angle θ1 is configured to be about 2 to about 4 degrees.

[0016] In the present patent specification, the term "curved" refers to a state in which the entire longitudinal direction of the rectangular main plate is curved and fixed. This refers to the entire longitudinal direction of the rectangular main plate being curved and bulged in the Z direction during a major earthquake, and this "curved" state also encompasses a bow-like or semicircular arch shape. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 20(C), the rectangular main plate is curved at an angle θ3 from both sides. The angle θ3 is approximately 45 degrees to approximately 65 degrees [FIG. 20(C)(v) and (vi)]. Preferably, the angle θ3 is approximately 50 degrees to approximately 60 degrees. Note that the term "entire longitudinal direction" includes bending only the longitudinal ends. Furthermore, a major earthquake can also include earthquakes with a seismic intensity of 6-weak or 6-upper, depending on the location. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] This is a first embodiment of the manual type of metal thin plate of the present invention, in which (A) is an overall oblique view of the state in which it is placed vertically in normal use, (B) is an overall oblique view of the state in which it is curved and fixed in a curved shape for use in a major earthquake, (C) is an overall state diagram of the state in which it is fixed in a semicircular arch shape in a horizontal position for use in a major earthquake, (D) is an enlarged oblique view of part (α) in (A), (E) is an enlarged oblique view of part (β) in (B), and (F) is an enlarged oblique view of part (γ) in (A). [Figure 2] (A) is a full front view of the vertically placed structure shown in Figure 1(A), (B) is a full elevation view of the structure fixed in its curved state during a major earthquake, and (C) is a full elevation view of each stage of the structure as it transitions from its curved state to its fixed semicircular arch shape during a major earthquake. [Figure 3] This is another embodiment of the first embodiment of the manual type of metal thin plate of the present invention, in which (A) is a perspective view of the main part in a vertically placed state in normal use, (B) is a perspective view of the main part fixed in a curved shape in the event of a major earthquake, (C) is an enlarged perspective view of the main part of (A), (D) is an enlarged perspective view of the main part of (A), and (E) is an enlarged perspective view of the main part of (A). [Figure 4]This is a second embodiment of the manual type of metal thin plate of the present invention, in which (A) is a perspective view of the main parts when placed vertically in normal use, (B) is a perspective view of the magnet set, with the magnet on the bottom and the iron member on the top, (C) is a cross-sectional view of the magnet set just before it is joined, and (D) is a perspective view of the magnet set when it has been joined. [Figure 5] FIG. 3 is a third embodiment of the manual type metal thin plate of the present invention, in which (A) is a perspective view of the main parts when placed upright in normal use, (B) is a perspective view of the suction cup set, with the suction cup rubber piece on top and the flat rubber piece on the bottom, (C) is a cross-sectional view of the suction cup set just before it is joined, (D) is a cross-sectional view of the suction cup set after it has been joined, and (E) is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the suction cup set. [Figure 6] (A) is an overall perspective view of the structure that is bent and fixed into a semicircular arch shape during a major earthquake, (B) is an end view of (A) viewed from the α-α arrow, and (C) is an end view of (A) viewed from the β-β arrow. [Figure 7] (A) is a first embodiment of the present invention in which a rectangular main plate made of a thin metal plate is reinforced in the longitudinal direction, and is an overall front view of the rectangular main plate placed vertically in normal use, (B) is an end view of (A) as seen from the γ-γ arrow, (C) is a partial perspective view of (A) formed in a curved shape, and (D) is a partial state diagram of the member of (A) placed in a horizontal position during a major earthquake. [Figure 8] These are state diagrams showing the various stages of use of the present invention. (A) is a state diagram showing the normal state when the product of the present invention is propped up against the foot of a bed, imagining the normal sleeping state and the position when standing up in the event of a major earthquake. (B) is a first state diagram showing the moment when the product of the present invention is stood up in the event of a major earthquake and the hand on the pull handle. (C) and (D) are second and third state diagrams showing the moment when the hand is put on the pull handle and pushed down. (E) is a fourth state diagram showing the moment when the tension string-like member is shortened and fixed in a semicircular arch shape. (F) is a final state diagram showing the semicircular arch shape when the user is lying down to use it as a shelter for the body. [Figure 9]This is an embodiment of the present invention in which the width direction of a rectangular main plate made of thin metal plates is reinforced. (A) is an overall perspective view of the main plate fixed in a semicircular arch shape in a horizontal position during a major earthquake. (B) is an end view of (A) viewed from the α-α arrow. (C) is a perspective view of a portion of (A) formed in a curved shape. (D) is a perspective view of a portion of the rectangular main plate that is flattened in normal use. [Figure 10] This is another embodiment of the present invention in which the rectangular main plate is reinforced in the width direction via reinforcing materials, where (A) is an overall oblique view of the structure fixed in a semicircular arch shape in a horizontal position during a major earthquake, (B) is an end view of (A) as seen from the β-β arrow, (C) is an end view of (A) as seen from the γ-γ arrow, (D) is a partial oblique view of (A) in a horizontal position, and (E) is a partial oblique view of another embodiment in a horizontal position. [Figure 11] (A) is a diagram of the instantaneous state just before a house component falls and collides with the product of the present invention when the product is fixed in a semicircular arch shape during a house collapse, and (B) is a diagram of the instantaneous state when the house component collides with the product of the present invention during a house collapse. [Figure 12] (A) is a diagram showing the state diagram in which a bending moment acts on a metal component, causing bending stress and a curvature radius, and the required formula (1). (B) is a diagram showing the section modulus of a rectangular cross-section metal component and a thin plate of a metal component, and the required formula (2). [Figure 13] This is another example of the second embodiment of the manual type of metal thin plate of the present invention, where (A) is a partial perspective view of the present invention placed upright in normal use, and (B) is a perspective view of the main part when the magnet set has been fully connected and the tension string-like object has been shortened during a major earthquake. [Figure 14] (A) is a partial oblique view of the installation state of a decorative safety frame material to be attached to the long and short sides around the periphery of a rectangular main panel made of thin metal plate, (B) is a corner piece to be attached to the corner of the rectangular main panel made of thin metal plate and a partial front view of it installed, (C) is a diagram of the installation state of a short side string-like object at the corner of the rectangular main panel made of thin metal plate, and (D) is a partial oblique view of another embodiment of attaching a short side string-like object to the corner of a rectangular main panel made of thin metal plate. [Figure 15]This is a modified example of another embodiment of the first embodiment of the manual type of metal thin plate of the present invention, where (A) is an oblique view of the main part in a vertically placed state in normal use, where the hook part is pulled up by the weight of a bottle of drinking water or the like, (B) is an enlarged oblique view of the main part of the lifting point using a bottle of drinking water, (C) is a front view of an S-type rectangular main plate, (D) is a front view of an M-type rectangular main plate, and (E) is a front view of an L-type rectangular main plate. [Figure 16] This is an embodiment of an electric (powered) type of metal thin plate of the present invention, and another embodiment in which it is curved by an electric type, (A) is an overall perspective view of the state in which it is placed horizontally in normal times, (B) is a state diagram of the state in which it is curved (semicircular arch shape) by an electric small hoisting machine during a major earthquake, (C) is a diagram of the final state in which it is in semicircular arch shape and used as a shelter for the body when sitting horizontally, and (D) is an enlarged perspective view of the small hoisting machine. [Figure 17] These figures show the manual and electric types of the present invention, which use a rectangular main panel made of thin metal plate, in their everyday use. (A) is a diagram of the manual type placed vertically with a curtain hung over the upper half to be used as a wall picture. (B) is a perspective view of an example of a curtain hung at the top end of (A). (C) is also a diagram of the electric type placed horizontally in its everyday use with a curtain hung over approximately the upper half or more to be used as a wall picture. [Figure 18] This is yet another embodiment of the present invention, in which the rectangular main panel is made of FRP material and is a manual type. (A) is an overall perspective view of the device in a vertical position during normal use, (B) is a diagram of the final state in which the device is curved (semicircular arch shape) and fixed in place during a major earthquake, and (C) is a diagram of the final state in which the device is laid horizontally in the semicircular arch shape to provide a shelter for the body. [Figure 19] This invention is an electrically powered type with a rectangular main panel made of FRP material. (A) is an overall perspective view of the device placed horizontally during normal use, (B) is a diagram of the final state in which it is curved (semicircular arch shape) and fixed in place during a major earthquake, and (C) is a diagram of the final state in which it is placed horizontally in the semicircular arch shape to provide a shelter for the body. [Figure 20]These are diagrams showing the overall longitudinal state of a rectangular main plate of a thin metal plate, where (A) is a perspective view, (B) is an example of a diagram showing the concept of a flat shape, and (i), (ii), (iii), and (iv) are all cross-sectional views that fall within the flat shape, and (C) is an example of a diagram showing the concept of a curved shape, and (v) and (vi) are all cross-sectional views that fall within the curved shape. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. [First embodiment of manual type made of thin metal plate] A first embodiment of a manual type made of a thin metal plate will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 3, 6 and 7. First, the basic main member is a rectangular main plate 1 made of a thin metal plate, which is vertically long in each of Figures 1(A), 2(A) and 7(A), with a long side 11 (long side) in the longitudinal direction (X direction) and a short side 12 (short side) in the width direction (Y direction).

[0019] The basic shape of the rectangular main panel 1 is composed of long sides 11, 11 and short sides 12, 12 around the perimeter, and in particular, the width in the longitudinal direction (long side 11: X direction) is approximately 2 times the width (short side 12: Y direction). In other words, the short side 12 in the horizontal width (Y direction) is approximately 90 cm, and the long side 11 in the longitudinal width (X direction) is approximately 180 cm. In other words, it is made of 3 x 6 iron plates, and is 3 shaku (approximately 90 cm) x 6 shaku (approximately 180 cm). As will be described later, there are three types in particular.

[0020] The metal thin plate of the rectangular main plate 1 is formed of a zinc-plated steel plate, a stainless steel plate made of iron and chromium, or the like, and it is preferable to appropriately select a material with excellent elasticity. Short-side strings 3 are tied between the 12 corners 13, 13 of the short sides of the rectangular main plate 1. Specifically, both ends of the short-side strings 3 are tied between holes 13a, 13a formed in the corners, and are installed with a certain amount of slack under normal conditions (see Figures 1(A) and 2(A)). Furthermore, tensioning strings 4 are tied between the short-side strings 3, 3 of the rectangular main plate 1. Both the tensioning strings 4 and the short-side strings 3 are made of metal wire or cloth rope, and both are designed to withstand a tensile load of approximately 780 to 100 kg.

[0021] During a major earthquake, the tension cord-like member 4 is shortened appropriately by manual pulling force (approximately 35 kg to 70 kg), and the longitudinal direction of the long side 11 of the rectangular main panel 1 is curved and fixed, allowing a person to hide inside, creating a body shelter. The aforementioned manual pulling force (approximately 35 kg to 70 kg) includes an increase of approximately 10 to 20 percent. Furthermore, as a concept of the present invention for use during a major earthquake, the tension cord-like member 4 can be appropriately shortened by manual pulling force in two ways: a single tension cord-like member 41, or a tension cord-like member consisting of two members: a mostly tension cord-like member 42 and a backup tension cord 43. This will be described in detail below.

[0022] For the average person, a major earthquake is a disaster that may or may not occur once in a lifetime. It is usually impossible to remain calm and operate the device in such a situation. Taking this into consideration, a structure for appropriately shortening the tension cord-like member 4 has been devised. In the first type of shortening structure, as shown in Figures 1(A) and 2(A), the tension cord-like member 4 is a single continuous member, called a full-length tension cord-like member 41. In this case, a hook portion 5 is fixed at an appropriate position near the upper end of the full-length tension cord-like member 41. There is a distance Q between the appropriate position of the hook portion 5 near the upper end and the approximate center of the short-side cord-like member 3.

[0023] Specifically, when the total longitudinal width of the rectangular main panel 1 is approximately 180 cm, the distance Q is approximately 40 cm. The hook portion 5 may be provided with a known stopper if necessary, but this is omitted from the drawings. In both Figures 1 and 2, under normal circumstances, the hook portion 5 is engaged at approximately the center of the upper short-side string-like member 3, as shown in Figure 1(A) and Figure 1(B), and is fixed in this state. Even in times of extreme tension, such as a major earthquake, the hook portion 5 is located midway along the full-length tensioning string-like member 41 (at a position that is always visible, at the distance Q), ensuring safety by eliminating the need to search for the hook portion 5.

[0024] [Actual usage of this invention: manual operation example] The shortening mechanism for engaging the hook portion 5 is actually an operation for shortening the distance Q of about 40 cm, and as mentioned above, this is performed by manual pulling force (about 35 kg to about 70 kg). This operation will be explained with reference to Figure 8. First, in normal times, as shown in Figure 8(A), a person is sleeping in bed (without a comforter) and the product of the present invention is leaning upright. Next, in the unlikely event of a major earthquake, the person will throw off the comforter, stand up, and immediately place their hand on the pull handle 81, as shown in Figure 8(B).

[0025] Immediately afterwards, the operator applies his / her weight to the pull handle 81 and pushes it down, as shown in Figures 8(C) and 8(D). The operator further applies his / her weight and pushes it down, at which point the hook portion 5 is engaged and fixed at approximately the center of the upper short-side string-like member 3 (see Figure 8(E)). These actions (Figures 8(B) to 8(E)) actually take about 1 to 2 seconds. After that, the entire longitudinal direction of the long side 11 of the rectangular main panel 1 is curved and fixed, as shown in Figure 8(F), allowing the operator to lie face down with the product of the present invention on its side and protect themselves from the collapse of the house.

[0026] In other words, in the event of a major earthquake, the tension cord-like members 4 are shortened appropriately by manual pulling force, and the long sides 11 of the rectangular main plate 1 are curved and fixed, allowing the body to be hidden inside the curved rectangular main plate 1, creating a body shelter. This invention is intended to be a flat, frame-shaped structure that does not get in the way in everyday life, but can serve as a body shelter in an emergency, and a simple and reliable operating means for curved formation is required in an emergency, and this invention can reliably meet this requirement.

[0027] As mentioned above, the first type of shortening structure is, as shown in Figures 1(A) and 2(A), a single continuous full-length tensioning cord 41, and is simply configured with only a hook portion 5 provided at an appropriate position near the upper end of the full-length tensioning cord 41, but this is also a technical content that can be safely and reliably locked. The hook portion 5 alone will also be referred to as the shortening operation member S, which will be described later.

[0028] As shown in FIG. 3, this is another embodiment of the first embodiment of the manual type of metal thin plate of the present invention, and is a type with a hook portion 5. The tensioning string-like member 4 is composed of two members: the hook portion 5 as a shortening operation member S, a main tensioning string-like member 42, and a preliminary tensioning member 43. The hook portion 5 is fixed to the upper end of the main tensioning string-like member 42 from below, and the hook portion 5 is configured so that a small amount of tension is generated by resin coil spring-like preliminary tensioning members 43 attached to both sides of the upper short side string-like member 3, making it easy to hang the hook portion 5 in the position shown in FIG. 3(B). Specifically, rod-like pieces 51, 51 are attached to both sides of the hook portion 5, and the lower ends of these rod-like pieces are attached to the coil spring-like preliminary tensioning members 43. This configuration makes it easy to reliably hang the hook portion 5 on the upper short side string-like member 3 in an emergency (such as a major earthquake).

[0029] [Second embodiment of manual type made of thin metal plate] Next, in a second embodiment of the manual type made of a thin metal plate according to the present invention, the shortening operation member S is a magnetic member 6 type, and as shown in Figure 4, it is composed of a magnetic part 61 made of a magnetic material and an iron-based member 62 that is magnetized thereto. The magnetic part 61 is fixed to the upper end position of the mostly tensioned string-like member 42 from the bottom, and the iron-based member 62 is provided facing downward at the center of the upper short side string-like member 3 so as to face the magnetic part 61, and further provided so as to apply a small amount of tension with a resin coil spring-like preliminary tension member 43.

[0030] In this case, too, the magnetic part 61 is positioned as shown in Figure 4(C) so that the two can easily be magnetically coupled. Specifically, rod-shaped pieces 61a, 61a are provided on both sides of the magnetic part 61, and the lower ends of these are fastened to the coil spring-like auxiliary tension members 43. In this way, in the event of an emergency (such as a major earthquake), a reliable magnetic coupling between the upper iron-based member 62 and the lower magnetic part 61 is achieved. In this embodiment, the lower side is the magnetic part 61 and the upper side is the iron-based member 62, but although not shown, the reverse is also possible.

[0031] [Third embodiment of manual type made of thin metal plate] In addition, in a third embodiment of the manual type thin metal plate of the present invention, when the shortening operation member S is an attraction member 7, as shown in Figure 5, it is composed of a rubber attraction portion 71 with a concave underside and a flat rubber plate portion 72. The attraction portion 71 is provided facing downward at approximately the center of the upper short side string-like member 3. The plate portion 72 is fixed to the upper end position of the mostly tensioned string-like member 42 from below, and rod-like pieces 72a, 72a are provided on both sides of the plate portion 72, and the lower ends of these rod-like pieces are attached to the coil spring-like pre-tensioned member 43.

[0032] The pre-tensioning member 43 is provided so as to exert a small amount of tension, and is configured to ensure reliable adhesion between the suction portion 71 and the plate portion 72. In the embodiment, the lower side is the plate portion 72 and the upper side is the suction portion 71, but if the suction force is increased, both the upper and lower sides may be suction portions 71, 71, as shown in Figure 5(E), or, although not shown, the lower side may be suction portion 71 and the upper side may be plate portion 72.

[0033] [Another example of the second embodiment of the manual type using thin metal plates] 13(A) shows another example of the second embodiment of the manual type metal thin plate of the present invention, in which instead of using a reserve tension member 43 as a tension spring, which is a coil spring, a tension wire such as piano wire is hung at the tip of the tension wire via a pulley 44 from a 500cc or 1 liter bottle 45 of drinking water that serves as a weight. In this way, a tension wire such as piano wire is used instead of a coil spring as the reserve tension member 43, and the structure is such that the reserve tension member 43 will continue to function as reserve tension member 43 even over a long period of time (approximately several years to approximately ten years) as long as there is drinking water in the bottle 45. Furthermore, a whistle 46 is provided in place of the drinking water bottle 45, which can be used to aid in early rescue in the event of a major earthquake if the house collapses and someone is saved inside the three-dimensional rectangular main panel 1.

[0034] [Metal sheet electric type] Next, an embodiment of the present invention for electrically (powered) bending a metal thin plate will be described. In particular, the tensioning string 4 attached to the rectangular main plate 1 of the metal thin plate is electrically bent. Specifically, as shown in Figures 16(A) and 16(B), the tensioning string 4 has a small hoist 9 attached to the end of the full-length tensioning string 41, and a locking portion 97 of the small hoist 9 is locked at the middle position of the short-side string 3. The outer casing 91 of the small hoist 9 incorporates a rotating drum 92, around which a wire 94 is wound. A hook piece 93 exposed on the outside of the outer casing 91 can be wound up via a motor 95 and a power supply 96 (12V or 24V). This power supply 9c may use a 100V household AC power source.

[0035] The actual hoisting amount is about 40 cm to about 50 cm (distance Q), and a hoisting force of about 100 kg is required. The initial torque is quite large, and in particular, an initial force is required to curve the entire longitudinal direction of the rectangular main plate 1 made of a thin metal plate according to the present invention. A start button (not shown) is provided at the front of the small hoisting machine 9, and the moment the start button is pressed, it is driven to shorten the tension string-like object 4, and when a predetermined length has been shortened (hoisted up), a brake is automatically applied, and the rectangular main plate 1 is fixed while being curved in the longitudinal direction (X direction), as shown in Figure 16(B).

[0036] [Actual usage of this invention: Electric operation example] In the case of an electrically operated type, since no human power is required for operation and the small hoisting machine 9 is provided, it is placed horizontally in everyday life rather than vertically, as shown in FIG. 16(A). During an actual major earthquake, the start button of the small hoisting machine 9 is pressed to instantly drive it, shortening the tension string-like object 4 and shortening (winding up) it by a predetermined length (distance Q). The brake is applied to automatically stop the machine, and the rectangular main plate 1 is curved in the longitudinal direction (X direction) and fixed in place. The person is then protected by lying face down inside the curved rectangular main plate 1. In this way, it actually takes several seconds (approximately 3 to 6 seconds) from pressing the start switch until the person lies face down inside the rectangular main plate 1.

[0037] [Material mechanics, structural mechanics and mechanical considerations of the present invention] [1st] This is an idea to configure the rectangular main panel 1 so that it remains flat during normal operation, but becomes curved (three-dimensional) along the entire length of the rectangular main panel 1 during a major earthquake. As one example, for an S-type panel with a height of approximately 180 cm in the X direction and a width of 90 cm in the Y direction, simply pushing it down in the X direction by approximately 32 cm (distance Q) can reduce the maximum curved height P in the Z direction to approximately 46 cm, creating a three-dimensional shelter. This is a mechanically efficient operation. In other words, a shortening operation of just over 30 cm (distance Q) in the X direction can produce a curved three-dimensional object with a maximum curved height P in the Z direction of approximately 50 cm.

[0038] For the M type, if the height in the X direction is approximately 195 cm and the width in the Y direction is approximately 95 cm, then by simply pushing down the X direction by approximately 37 cm (distance Q), a three-dimensional shelter can be created with a maximum curved height P in the Z direction of approximately 50 cm.For the L type, if the height in the X direction is approximately 210 cm and the width in the Y direction is 110 cm, then by simply pushing down the X direction by just under 40 cm (distance Q), a three-dimensional shelter can be created with a maximum curved height P in the Z direction of approximately 54 cm.

[0039] [First conclusion] This is based on the condition that the length of the metal thin plate in the Y direction is just over 90 cm and the length in the X direction is just over 180 cm. If the distance Q in the X direction is pressed down and the distance P is the bulge in the Z direction, then: Distance Q<distance P There is a formula that says:

[0040] That is, this invention takes into consideration the advantage that the distance P that bulges in the Z direction is greater than the distance Q in the direction of depression (X direction). As specific examples, the S type can be pushed down about 32 cm (distance Q) at a distance of about 180 cm in the X direction, and achieves a maximum height in the Z direction of about 46 cm (distance P). Also, the M type can be pushed down about 37 cm (distance Q) at a distance of about 195 cm in the X direction, and achieves a maximum height in the Z direction of about 50 cm (distance P), and the L type can be pushed down about 40 cm (distance Q) at a distance of about 210 cm in the X direction, and achieves a maximum height in the Z direction of about 54 cm (distance P).

[0041] [Second] "Occurrence of the monocoque effect" In this invention, short-side strings 3, 3 are provided connecting the two corners of the short sides 11, 11, and tensioning strings 4 are tied between the short-side strings 3, 3. Specifically, the four corners of the rectangular main panel 1 are curved under tension, resulting in a fixed state as shown in Figure 6(A). As a result, the end surface as viewed from the α-α arrow in Figure 6(A) is curved, and the end surface as viewed from the β-β arrow in Figure 6(A) is also curved, albeit flat. This is a structure unique to resilient thin metal panels, and this shape allows for a strong, monocoque, semicircular arch shelter. For greater safety, relatively thick materials are preferable, but weight and other factors are also an issue, and the optimum value can be determined through experimentation.

[0042] [Third] The bending moment M is as shown in Figure 12(A). EI: bending strength 1 / ρ: Curvature of the deflection curve ρ: radius of curvature E: Modulus of longitudinal elasticity M=(EI)× 1 / ρ (1)

[0043] The bending stiffness EI is determined by the material and cross-sectional shape of the metal material. In particular, the present invention proposes that the rectangular main plate 1 is flattened in normal operation, but curved (three-dimensional) in the event of a major earthquake. In particular, for thin metal plates with excellent elasticity, the bending moment M reaches its maximum when bent (from an instant to about several minutes). At this time, as shown in Figure 11(B), when ceiling members (including beams) fall during a house collapse, the material can withstand the falling load.

[0044] Specifically, elastic forces act from each part of the curved thin metal rectangular main plate 1, and at the same time, when observed moment by moment, it is found that even if it becomes concave at first due to its elasticity, it bounces back irregularly and becomes strong enough to withstand the falling force when the house collapses, and the body can be hidden and protected inside the curved rectangular main plate 1 which expands in the Z direction and becomes three-dimensional. This is merely an assumption, and experiments are awaited, and it is possible that it could withstand a falling load of several tons when the house collapses, although this depends on the quality of the metal material.

[0045] [4th] The bending stiffness EI is affected by the cross-sectional shape of the metal material, specifically in terms of material mechanics and structural mechanics. When viewed as a rectangular cross section of a metal material, it is shown in the upper diagram of Figure 12(B), but even when it is made into a thin plate as in the present invention [lower diagram of Figure 12(B)], it is expressed by the same section modulus Z. In other words, Z = b × (t squared) × 1 / 6 (2) According to formula (2), the section modulus is proportional to the square of the plate thickness. Therefore, if the plate thickness is doubled, the section modulus Z will be four times as large. This means that even if the patented invention were made from a metal plate with a thickness of about 1.2 mm, it would weigh about 20 kg, making it difficult to handle.

[0046] [Reinforcement measures for the rectangular main panel 1 made of thin metal plate] As shown in FIG. 7(A), in an example of reinforcing the rectangular main panel 1 in the longitudinal direction (X direction), multiple (four in the drawing) ribs 16 are provided at predetermined intervals in the width direction near the short sides 12 of the rectangular main panel 1. This is particularly effective against collision loads during large earthquakes. Also, as shown in FIG. 9, the rectangular main panel 1 is reinforced by bending sections 21, 21 in the Y direction near both short sides 12, 12. The bending sections 21 increase the strength in the Y direction (width direction). As shown in FIG. 10(A), zigzag ribs 17 may be provided near both short sides 12, 12 of the rectangular main panel 1. The zigzag ribs 17 can reinforce the rectangular main panel 1 in the longitudinal direction (X direction) and width direction (Y direction).

[0047] 10, one reinforcing member 22 [see FIGS. 10(A), (B), and (D)] or two reinforcing members 22 [see FIG. 10(E)] are provided across the entire width of each of the two short sides 12 of the rectangular main panel 1. The folded portions 21 and reinforcing members 22 are collectively referred to as the "reinforcing member 2." The reinforcing member 2 is provided across the entire width of each of the short sides 12 of the rectangular main panel 1, but may be provided across approximately 90% (almost the entire width), which is also included in the entire width.

[0048] [Safety measures for thin metal rectangular main plate 1] The rectangular main board 1 is a thin metal plate, but since there is a risk of injury if handled with bare hands, decorative frame material 15a with a U-shaped cross section is attached to the long sides 11, 11 and short sides 12, 12 of the plate using adhesive or the like to protect the long sides 11, 11 and short sides 12, 12 of the plate, as shown in Figure 14(A). Furthermore, corner pieces 15b as shown in Figure 14(B) are provided at the corners of the rectangular main board 1, and have elasticity to act as a base when placed vertically (see Figure 1(A)) or horizontally (see Figure 16(A)).

[0049] [Installation configuration of short side string-like object 3] The configuration shown in Figure 14(C) is another embodiment of the mounting structure for the short side strings 3 to the corners 13 of the rectangular main plate 1, in which a headed pin 13b is inserted into a hole 13a formed in the corner, and the end of the short side strings 3 is tied to the hole 13a formed at the tip of the headed pin 13b. This has the advantage of making it easier to bend the rectangular main plate 1 in the longitudinal direction (X direction). Also, as shown in Figure 14(D), two notches 13c, 13c may be formed in the corner 13, and the ends of the short side strings 3 may be tied there.

[0050] [3 types of rectangular main plate made of thin metal plate] Figure 15(C) is an S-type elevation of the rectangular main panel 1, with a height in the X direction of approximately 180 cm and a width in the Y direction of approximately 90 cm; Figure 15(D) is an M-type elevation of the rectangular main panel 1, with a height in the X direction of approximately 195 cm and a width in the Y direction of approximately 95 cm or approximately 100 cm; and Figure 15(E) is an L-type elevation of the rectangular main panel 1, with a height in the X direction of approximately 210 cm and a width in the Y direction of approximately 100 cm or approximately 110 cm.

[0051] [Example of implementation] Consider a rectangular metal plate 1 with a thickness of 0.8 mm, a long side 11 of 90 cm, and a short side 12 of 45 cm. To create a curved shape using the strings 3, 3 on both short sides and the tensioning strings 4, a considerable force is required to shorten the tensioning strings 4. It is important to note that even for the same material, even a slight increase in thickness affects strength because the section modulus is affected by the square of the plate thickness t. For example, thickness 0.8 × 0.8 = t squared, so t (the desired plate thickness) is approximately 1.13 mm, which is the commercially available thickness of 1.2 mm. In other words, doubling the bending moment force M of a 0.8 mm thick metal material requires a plate thickness of 1.2 mm, which is 50% thicker, due to the effects on the bending stiffness EI and the section modulus Z.

[0052] [FRP material] Furthermore, the explanations up to now have been of thin metal plates (steel, stainless steel, etc.), but this material has been changed to an FRP (fiber reinforced plastics) member, as shown in Figures 18 and 19. Even with this FRP member, the human power required to change the state of Figure 18(A) into the curved shape shown in Figure 18(B) is expected to be the same as that required for thin metal plates (steel, stainless steel, etc.) (approximately 35 kg to 70 kg).

[0053] In terms of size, as shown in Figure 18(A), the manual type of FRP member has a width in the Y direction of approximately 100 cm and a height in the X direction of approximately 200 cm, and is provided with short side string-like members 3, 3 and tensioning string-like member 4, similar to the aforementioned metal thin plate (steel, stainless steel member, etc.). Furthermore, the configuration of two members, the full-length tensioning string-like member 41, the majority tensioning string-like member 42 and the preliminary tensioning member 43, the hook portion 5 which is the shortening operation member S via the pull handle 81, the magnetic member 6, the attraction member 7, etc., are provided in the same manner as the members shown in Figures 3 to 5.

[0054] Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 19(A), an electric (powered) type FRP member has a width of about 100 cm in the Y direction and a height of about 200 cm in the X direction, and is provided with short side strings 3, 3 and tension strings 4, similar to the aforementioned thin metal plate (steel, stainless steel member, etc.). In particular, similar to the small hoisting machine 9 shown in Fig. 16, it is configured to be able to hoist with about 100 kg, and the rectangular main plate 1 of the FRP member is configured to be curved and fixed with a hoisting force of around 100 kg.

[0055] Furthermore, although it has been explained that the rectangular main panel 1 of the FRP member is formed so that its width in the Y direction is about 100 cm and its height in the X direction is about 200 cm, it may be formed to a size similar to the examples of sizes of the rectangular main panel 1 of the metal thin plate described above, such as the S type shown in Fig. 15(C), the M type shown in Fig. 15(D), and the L type shown in Fig. 15(E). In particular, in Fig. 18(A) and Fig. 19(A), the rectangular main panel is bent by about several degrees in the longitudinal direction (X direction) to form a roughly V-shape, which is included in the definition of a flattened shape.

[0056] [Hanging "Noren 85" in everyday life] The one shown in Figure 17(B) is a "noren 85" for everyday use, with an overall width equal to the overall width of the rectangular main panel 1 in the Y direction, and one or more split sections 85a. As shown in Figure 17(A), the noren 85 is intended to be hung on the upper half of a vertically placed curtain in everyday use as a wall painting or decorative picture. It is particularly important that the pull handle 81 is located directly behind the position of the split section 85a. This allows the pull handle 81 to be grasped reliably while checking the split section 85a in the event of a major earthquake, which could occur at any time.

[0057] The one shown in Figure 17(C) is an electric type of the present invention, which is placed horizontally during normal use and has a curtain 85 hung over more than half of the top side to serve as a wall picture. In this case, what is necessary is that the position of the split portion 85a be aligned directly in front of the start switch of the small hoisting machine 9 so that the start switch can be pressed immediately.

[0058] The noren 85 shown in Fig. 17(C) has two slits 85a, with no slit 85a in the middle. The design on the noren 85 is not limited to a family crest, a favorite painting, or various character designs, and can be anything that can be used for decoration. This is because, during normal times, the main frame of the rectangular main panel 1 is covered with the decorative noren 85, providing a safe and secure way to spend your daily life. However, in the event of a major earthquake, this frame can also serve as a shelter for the body, making this invention a major invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0059] 1...rectangular main board, 11...long side, 12...short side, 13...corner portion, 3...short side string-like object, 2...reinforcement body, 4...tension string-like object, 5...hook portion, 6...magnetic member, 7...attraction member, S...Shortening operation member.

Claims

1. The long sides of the rectangular main plate made of a thin metal plate are in the longitudinal direction and the short sides are in the width direction, and tension cord-like objects are tied between the opposing short sides, A body shelter characterized in that the rectangular main plate is flat in normal times, and in the event of a major earthquake, the tension cord-like member is appropriately shortened by the tensile force of power, and the entire longitudinal direction of the rectangular main plate is curved and fixed.

2. A body shelter characterized in that the long sides of a rectangular main plate made of thin metal plate are in the longitudinal direction and the short sides are in the width direction, reinforcing bodies are provided along the entire width of both short sides, and tensioning string-like objects are tied between the opposing reinforcing bodies, so that in normal times the rectangular main plate is flat, and in the event of a major earthquake the tensioning string-like objects are appropriately shortened by the tensile force of power, and the longitudinal direction of the rectangular main plate is formed into a curved shape and fixed.

3. 3. A body shelter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a small hoist as said power source is provided at an appropriate position on said tension cord-like material.

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