Liquid crystal medium

Abstract

To provide a liquid crystal medium.SOLUTION: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal (LC) medium or a liquid crystal (LC) material, based on a mixture of polar compounds, and to its use for optical, electro-optical, and electronic purposes, in particular in LC displays, especially in vertically aligned mode and / or fringe field switching mode LC displays, and further to vertically aligned mode and / or fringe field switching mode LC displays, particularly energy-saving LC displays, comprising the LC medium, as well as to a method for producing the LC display.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a liquid crystal (LC) medium or LC material based on a mixture of polar compounds and to its use for optical, electro-optical and electronic purposes, in particular in LC displays, in particular in vertically aligned mode and / or fringe field switched mode LC displays, and to vertically aligned mode and / or fringe field switched mode LC displays, in particular energy-saving LC displays, comprising the LC medium, and to a method for preparing the LC medium and to a method for producing the LC displays. [Background technology]

[0002] One of the liquid-crystal display (LCD) modes currently in use is the TN ("twisted nematic") mode. However, TN LCDs have the disadvantage that their contrast is highly dependent on the viewing angle.

[0003] In addition, so-called VA ("vertically aligned") displays are known, which have wider viewing angles. The LC cell of a VA display comprises a layer of an LC medium between two transparent electrodes, where the LC medium usually has negative dielectric anisotropy. In the switched-off state, the molecules of the LC layer are aligned perpendicular to the electrode surfaces (homeotropic) or have a tilted homeotropic alignment. When a voltage is applied to the two electrodes, a reorientation of the LC molecules occurs parallel to the electrode surfaces.

[0004] Also known are so-called IPS ("in-plane switching") displays, which have an LC layer between two substrates, in which two electrodes are arranged on only one of the two substrates, preferably with an interdigitated comb structure. When a voltage is applied to the electrodes, this generates an electric field between the electrodes with a significant component parallel to the LC layer. This causes a reorientation of the LC molecules in the plane of the layer.

[0005] Furthermore, so-called FFS ("fringe-field switching") displays have been reported (see, in particular, SH Jung et al., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 43, No. 3, 2004, p. 1028 (Non-Patent Document 1)), which have two electrodes on the same substrate, one of which is structured in a comb shape and the other unstructured. This generates a strong so-called "fringe field", i.e., a strong electric field near the electrode edges, which generates an electric field across the cell with both a strong vertical component and a strong horizontal component. FFS displays have a low viewing angle dependence of their contrast. FFS displays usually contain an LC medium with positive dielectric anisotropy and an alignment layer, usually a polyimide alignment layer, which provides a planar alignment for the molecules of the LC medium.

[0006] FFS displays can be operated as active matrix displays or passive matrix displays, in which the individual pixels are typically addressed by integrated non-linear active elements such as transistors (e.g., thin film transistors ("TFTs")), while in passive matrix displays the individual pixels are typically addressed by multiplexing methods known from the prior art.

[0007] Further, FFS displays have been disclosed that have electrode designs and layer thicknesses similar to those of FFS displays, but that have LC medium layers with negative dielectric anisotropy rather than those with positive dielectric anisotropy (see, for example, S.H. Lee et al., Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 73 (No. 20), 1998, pp. 2882-2883 (Non-Patent Document 2) and S.H. Lee et al., Liquid Crystals, Vol. 39 (No. 9), 2012, pp. 1141-1148 (Non-Patent Document 3)). LC media with negative dielectric anisotropy exhibit a more favorable director alignment with a smaller tilt and a higher twist alignment than LC media with positive dielectric anisotropy, resulting in higher transmittance for these displays. The displays also have an alignment layer, preferably a polyimide alignment layer, provided on at least one of the substrates, which is in contact with the LC medium and induces planar alignment of the LC molecules of the LC medium. These displays are also known as "Ultra Brightness FFS (UB-FFS)" mode displays. These displays require a highly reliable LC medium.

[0008] In more recent types of VA displays, the uniform alignment of the LC molecules is confined to relatively small domains within the LC cell. Disclinations, also known as tilt domains, may exist between these domains. VA displays with tilt domains have larger contrast-independent viewing angles and gray levels compared to traditional VA displays. Additionally, this type of display is easier to manufacture, and further treatment of the electrode surfaces, for example by rubbing, to achieve uniform alignment of the molecules in the switched-on state is no longer required. Instead, the preferred direction of the tilt or pretilt angle is controlled by a special design of the electrodes.

[0009] In so-called MVA ("multidomain vertical alignment") displays, this is typically achieved by electrodes with protrusions, which create a local pretilt. As a result, the LC molecules are oriented parallel to the electrode surface in different directions in different defined regions of the cell when a voltage is applied. This achieves a "controlled" switch and prevents the formation of interfering disclination lines. This arrangement improves the viewing angle of the display, but results in reduced light transmittance. A further development of MVA uses protrusions on only one electrode side, while the opposite electrode has slits, which improves light transmittance. The slit electrode generates a non-uniform electric field within the LC cell when a voltage is applied, meaning that controlled switching is still achieved. The distance between the slits and the protrusions can be increased to further improve light transmittance, but this results in a longer response time. In so-called PVA ("patterned VA") displays, the protrusions are completely redundant in that both electrodes are structured with slits on the opposite side, which results in increased contrast and improved transparency to light, but is technically difficult and makes the display more sensitive to mechanical influences (such as "tapping"). However, for many applications, such as monitors and especially television screens, a shorter response time and an improvement in the contrast and brightness (transmission) of the display are required.

[0010] A further development are the so-called PS ("polymer sustained") or PSA ("polymer sustained alignment") type displays, for which the term "polymer stabilized" is sometimes also used. In these displays, small amounts (e.g., 0.3% by weight, typically less than 1% by mass) of one or more polymerizable compound(s), preferably polymerizable monomeric compound(s), are added to the LC medium, which, after filling the display, is polymerized or crosslinked in situ, usually by ultraviolet photopolymerization, optionally with the application of a voltage to the electrodes of the display. The polymerization is carried out at a temperature at which the LC medium exhibits a liquid crystal phase, usually at room temperature. The addition of polymerizable mesogens or liquid crystal compounds, also known as reactive mesogens or "RMs," to the LC mixture has proven particularly suitable.

[0011] On the other hand, the PS(A) principle is used in various conventional LC display modes. For example, PS-VA, PS-OCB, PS-IPS, PS-FFS, PS-UB-FFS, and PS-TN displays are known. Polymerization of the RM is preferably carried out with an applied voltage in the case of PS-VA and PS-OCB displays, and with or without an applied voltage, preferably without an applied charge, in the case of PS-IPS displays. As can be demonstrated in test cells, the PS(A) method results in a pretilt in the cell. In the case of PS-VA displays, the pretilt has a positive effect on the response time. For PS-VA displays, standard MVA or PVA pixel and electrode layouts can be used. However, it is also possible to make do without protrusions, for example, with only one structured electrode side, which significantly simplifies production and results in very good contrast and, at the same time, very good light transmittance.

[0012] PS-VA displays are described, for example, in EP 1170626 A1, U.S. Pat. No. 6,861,107 A2, U.S. Pat. No. 7,169,449 A3, U.S. Pat. No. 2004 / 0191428 A4, U.S. Pat. No. 2006 / 0066793 A5, and U.S. Pat. No. 2006 / 0103804 A6.

[0013] There is a continuing demand for optimization of the response time, but also the contrast and brightness (and therefore also the transmittance) of LC displays, particularly for monitor and especially television applications. Here, the PSA method can offer significant advantages: in the case of PS-VA, PS-IPS and PS-FFS displays in particular, a reduction in response time, which correlates with the pretilt and can be measured in test cells, can be achieved without any significant adverse effect on other parameters.

[0014] Another problem observed in the prior art is that the use of conventional LC media in LC displays, including but not limited to PSA-type displays, often results in mura in the display, especially when the LC media is filled into display cells fabricated using the one drop filling (ODF) method. This phenomenon is also known as "ODF mura." Therefore, it would be desirable to provide an LC medium that leads to reduced ODF mura.

[0015] One trend in displays is to achieve the fastest possible response time to obtain the highest video quality. In this respect, media with negative dielectric anisotropy are inherently disadvantaged compared to LC media with positive dielectric anisotropy. On the other hand, mixtures with negative dielectric anisotropy enable high transmittance in standard FFS cell layouts, and their use has a positive impact on power consumption and the environment. There is a need in the art to achieve both fast response times and higher transmittance. Especially for use in mobile devices, there is a great demand for displays with high transmittance, which allows the use of lower-intensity backlights, thereby leading to longer battery life and more sustainable products. Alternatively, displays with improved contrast, especially under ambient light, and higher brightness can be realized. The popularity of 8K and gaming monitors has also led to an increased demand for LC display panels with higher refresh rates and therefore LC media with faster response times.

[0016] Another important trend in displays is achieving a high contrast ratio. The contrast ratio is described by the ratio of the bright and dark states of a display. The dark state, especially in IPS / FFS technology LCDs, is strongly affected by the scattering parameters, which significantly impacts the contrast ratio. To improve the contrast ratio and reduce the scattering parameters, LC mixtures with high elastic constants are required. In this case, current LCs and LC mixtures have limitations in achieving very high elastic constants. Therefore, new materials must be found to further increase the contrast ratio of future displays.

[0017] There is therefore still a great demand for VA, FFS or PSA displays which do not exhibit the above-mentioned disadvantages or which exhibit only minor disadvantages and which have improved properties, and for LC media for use in VA, FFS or PSA displays which may comprise polymerizable compounds. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0018] [Patent Document 1] European Patent Application Publication No. 1170626 [Patent Document 2] U.S. Patent No. 6,861,107 [Patent Document 3] U.S. Patent No. 7,169,449 [Patent Document 4] US Patent Application Publication No. 2004 / 0191428 [Patent Document 5] US Patent Application Publication No. 2006 / 0066793 [Patent Document 6] US Patent Application Publication No. 2006 / 0103804 [Non-patent literature]

[0019] [Non-Patent Document 1] SHJung et al., Jpn.J.Appl.Phys., Volume 43, No. 3, 2004, Page 1028 [Non-patent document 2] SHLee et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. Vol. 73 (No. 20), 1998, pp. 2882-2883 [Non-patent document 3] SHLee et al., Liquid Crystals Volume 39 (No. 9), 2012, pp. 1141-1148 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0020] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved LC medium for use in FFS, VA or IPS displays which does not or only slightly exhibits the above-mentioned disadvantages and has improved properties.A further object of the present invention is to provide FFS, VA and IPS displays which have good transmittance, high reliability, especially VHR values ​​after backlight exposure, high resistivity, a wide operating temperature range, short response times even at low temperatures, low threshold voltages, a large number of grey levels, high contrast and wide viewing angles, and reduced image sticking.

[0021] The contrast ratio is defined as the ratio of the luminance of the brightest shade (white) to the luminance of the darkest shade (black) that a system can produce, i.e., the ratio of the transmittance (white level) to the scattering parameter (dark level). avg and low Δn) can be significantly improved. avg LC mixtures with a low Δn and a high average elastic constant K are very effective for realizing displays with a high contrast ratio. A further object of the present invention is to provide LC mixtures with a very high clearing point, preferably a high average elastic constant K, while maintaining a relatively low rotational viscosity γ. avg and to provide LC mixtures with relatively low birefringence Δn.

[0022] It has now been found that one or more of these objects can be achieved by providing an LC medium as disclosed and claimed hereinafter. [Means for solving the problem]

[0023] Surprisingly, the use of liquid-crystalline media comprising compounds of formula I does not exhibit the disadvantages of the materials of the prior art, or at least exhibits them to a significantly reduced extent, and provides very high clearing points, preferably high mean elastic constants K avg It has been found that liquid-crystalline media having a relatively low birefringence Δn and a relatively low rotational viscosity γ1 can be achieved. The present invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium comprising a compound of formula I

[0024] [ka]

[0025] During the ceremony, R 11 and R 12 are the same or different and represent H, linear alkyl or alkoxy having 1 to 15 C atoms, linear alkenyl or alkenyloxy having 2 to 15 C atoms, or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl or alkenyloxy, respectively, having 3 to 15 C atoms, provided that in these groups one or more CH2 groups are each independently of one another such that O atoms are not directly linked to one another [ka] -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO-, provided that one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen; n represents 0, 1 or 2, preferably 1; [ka] each independently represents a group selected from the following formulas: [ka] however [ka] At least one of [ka] and Z 11 and Z 12 each independently represents a single bond, -CH2CH2-, -CH2-, -OCH2-, -CHO-, -O-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF- or -C≡C-; If n is 2, then two [ka] may be the same or different, and when n is 2, two Z 11 may be the same or different from each other.

[0026] The present invention further relates to LC displays, in particular VA, IPS, FFS, PS-VA, PS-IPS, PS-FFS, UB-FFS or UV displays, comprising a liquid crystal medium as described above and below. 2 ARegarding the display.

[0027] The present invention further provides a method for producing a VA, IPS, FFS, PS-VA, PS-IPS, PS-FFS, UB-FFS or UV 2 A relates to the use of a liquid-crystalline medium as described above and below in a display.

[0028] The present invention further relates to a method for preparing an LC medium as described above and below, comprising the step of mixing one or more compounds of formula I with one or more compounds of formula II, III and / or IIIA, optionally with further LC compounds and / or additives.

[0029] The invention further relates to a method for manufacturing an LC display as described above and below, which method comprises the step of filling or otherwise providing an LC medium as described above and below between the substrates of the display.

[0030] By means of the LC media according to the invention, one or more of the following advantageous effects can be achieved: Very high clearing point, Favorably high average elastic constant K, contributing to low scattering parameters avg and is equal to (K1+K2+K3) / 3, Relatively low birefringence, which in combination with a high average elastic constant contributes to a high contrast ratio, Relatively low viscosity, allowing for fast response times low threshold voltages, which are useful for reducing drive voltages and enable energy-saving displays; Enables a time-, cost-, and energy-efficient method of manufacturing LC panels.

[0031] The LC media according to the invention exhibit one or more of the following advantageous properties when used in LC displays: Very high clearing point, High contrast ratio, High permeability, Reduced rotational viscosity, Fast response time, · Low threshold voltage, useful for enabling energy-saving displays. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0032] The compounds of formula I are preferably selected from the compounds of formulae I-1 to I-12:

[0033] [ka]

[0034] [ka]

[0035] In the formula, R 11 and R 12 has the meaning defined above in formula I and preferably denotes a straight-chain alkyl having 1 to 7 C atoms or a straight-chain alkenyl having 2 to 15 C atoms, provided that in these groups one or more CH2 groups are each, independently of one another, [ka] may be replaced by

[0036] More preferably, the medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula I-1, very preferably selected from the compounds of formulae I-1-1 to I-1-37:

[0037] [ka]

[0038] [ka]

[0039] [ka]

[0040] [ka]

[0041] [ka]

[0042] In the formula, R 11 and R 12 represents a straight-chain alkyl having 1 to 7 C atoms or a straight-chain alkenyl having 2 to 7 C atoms.

[0043] More preferably, the medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula I-2, very preferably selected from the compounds of formulae I-2-1 to I-2-37.

[0044] [ka]

[0045] [ka]

[0046] [ka]

[0047] [ka]

[0048] [ka]

[0049] In the formula, R 11 and R 12 represents a straight-chain alkyl having 1 to 7 C atoms or a straight-chain alkenyl having 2 to 7 C atoms.

[0050] The compound of formula I-3 is preferably selected from the compounds of formulae I-3-1 to I-3-37.

[0051] [ka]

[0052] [ka]

[0053] [ka]

[0054] [ka]

[0055] [ka]

[0056] In the formula, R 11 and R 12 represents a straight-chain alkyl having 1 to 7 C atoms or a straight-chain alkenyl having 2 to 7 C atoms.

[0057] More preferably, the medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula I-4, very preferably selected from the compounds of formulae I-4-1 to I-4-37.

[0058] [ka]

[0059] [ka]

[0060] [ka]

[0061] [ka]

[0062] [ka]

[0063] In the formula, R 11 and R 12 represents a straight-chain alkyl having 1 to 7 C atoms or a straight-chain alkenyl having 2 to 7 C atoms.

[0064] More preferably, the medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula I-11, very preferably selected from the compounds of formulae I-11-1 to I-11-20.

[0065] [ka]

[0066] [ka]

[0067] [ka]

[0068] In the formula, R 12 represents a straight-chain alkyl having 1 to 7 C atoms or a straight-chain alkenyl having 2 to 7 C atoms.

[0069] More preferably, the medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula I-12, very preferably selected from the compounds of formulae I-12-1 to I-12-20.

[0070] [ka]

[0071] [ka]

[0072] [ka]

[0073] In the formula, R 12 represents a straight-chain alkyl having 1 to 7 C atoms or a straight-chain alkenyl having 2 to 7 C atoms.

[0074] The mixture according to the present invention contains a compound of formula I in a concentration range of 0.1% to 10%, preferably 1% to 9%, more preferably 2% to 8%. Even a concentration of the compound of formula I of less than 5%, for example, has a significant effect on the optical anisotropy Δn value.

[0075] Further preferred embodiments of the LC media according to the invention are listed below, including any combinations thereof.

[0076] Preferably the LC medium further comprises one or more compounds of formula II.

[0077] [ka]

[0078] In the formula, the individual radicals each independently of one another have the following meanings, which may be the same or different at each occurrence: R 21 and R 22 are each independently a straight-chain, branched or cyclic alkyl or alkoxy having 1 to 15 C atoms (provided that one or more non-adjacent CH groups are -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, CR, etc.) in such a way that O atoms and / or S atoms are not directly linked to each other. 0 =CR 00 -, -C≡C-, [ka] wherein one or more H atoms may be replaced by F, Cl, CN or CF3, respectively), preferably alkyl or alkoxy having 1 to 6 C atoms, R 0 , R 00 are each independently H or alkyl having 1 to 12 C atoms, A 1 and A 2 are each independently expressed by the following formula: [ka] are preferably groups selected from the formulae A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A9 and A10, very preferably groups selected from the formulae A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A9 and A10, Z 1 and Z 2 each independently represent -CH2CH2-, -CH=CH-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CHO-, -OCH2-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -C2F4-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CH-CHO- or a single bond, preferably a single bond; L 1 , L 2 , L3 and L 4 each independently represent F, Cl, OCF3, CF3, CH3, CH2F or CHF2, preferably F or Cl, very preferably F, Y represents H, F, Cl, CF3, CHF2 or CH3, preferably H or CH3, very preferably H, L C independently represent CH3 or OCH3, preferably CH3; a1 represents 1 or 2, a2 represents 0 or 1.

[0079] Preferably the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula II selected from the group consisting of the compounds of formulae IIA, IIB, IIC, IID, IIE and IIF.

[0080] [ka]

[0081] In the formula, the individual radicals, which are identical or different at each occurrence, each have the following meaning independently of one another: R 21 and R 22 each independently represent H, an alkyl or alkenyl group having up to 15 C atoms, which is unsubstituted or monosubstituted with F, Cl, CN or CF, provided that in addition, one or more CH groups in these groups are not directly linked to one another and are substituted with -O-, -S-, -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, [ka] may be replaced by L 1 ~L 4 each independently represents H, F, Cl, CF3, or CHF2, provided that L 1 ~L 4 at least two of represent F, Cl, CF or CHF, preferably F; Y represents H, F, Cl, CF3, CHF2 or CH3, preferably H or CH3, particularly preferably H, Z 2 , Z 2 each independently represent a single bond, -CH2CH2-, -CH=CH-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CHO-, -OCH2-, -COO-, -OCO-, -C2F4-, -CF=CF-, or -CH=CHCHO; p represents 0, 1 or 2, and q represents 0 or 1; However, formula IIC and formula IIF are not identical.

[0082] Preferred compounds of formula IIA, IIB, IIC, IID, IIE and IIF are 22 represents an alkyl or alkoxy group having up to 15 C atoms, very preferably (O)C v H 2v+1 wherein (O) is an oxygen atom or a single bond, and v is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6.

[0083] Further preferred compounds of formula IIA, IIB, IIC, IID, IIE and IIF are 21 or R 22 is preferably [ka] (S in the formula 1 is C 1~12 -Alkylene or C 2~12 -alkenylene, and S 2 is H, C 1~12 -Alkyl or C 2~12 -alkenyl), and very preferably [ka] and represents or contains a cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy group selected from the group consisting of:

[0084] More preferred compounds of formula IIA, IIB, IIC, IID, IIE and IIF are shown below.

[0085] In a preferred embodiment the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IIA selected from the group consisting of the following formulae:

[0086] [ka]

[0087] [ka]

[0088] [ka]

[0089] [ka]

[0090] [ka]

[0091] [ka]

[0092] [ka]

[0093] [ka]

[0094] [ka]

[0095] [ka]

[0096] [ka]

[0097] [ka]

[0098] In the formula, the index represents 1 or 2, and alkyl and alkyl * each independently represent a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, alkenyl represents a linear or branched alkenyl group having 2 to 6 C atoms, and (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond, and alkenyl preferably represents CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH- or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0099] Particularly preferred LC media according to the invention comprise one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the formulae IIA-2, IIA-8, IIA-9, IIA-10, IIA-16, IIA-18, IIA-40, IIA-41, IIA-42, IIA-43, IIA-69, IIA-71 and IIA-83

[0100] Preferably the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IIA-2 selected from the following sub-formulae:

[0101] [ka]

[0102] Alternatively and preferably, in addition to the compounds of the formulae IIA-2-1 to IIA-2-6 the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of the following formulae:

[0103] [ka]

[0104] More preferably, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of the formula IIA-10 selected from the following sub-formulae:

[0105] [ka]

[0106] Alternatively and preferably, in addition to the compounds of the formulae IIA-10-1 to IIA-10-7 the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of the following formulae:

[0107] [ka]

[0108] More preferably, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of the formula IIA-16, which are selected from the following sub-formulae:

[0109] [ka]

[0110] More preferably, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of the formula IIA-40, which are selected from the following sub-formulae:

[0111] [ka]

[0112] Alternatively and preferably, in addition to the compounds of the formulae IIA-40-1 to IIA-40-5 the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of the following formulae:

[0113] [ka]

[0114] More preferably the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of the formula IIA-42 selected from the following sub-formulae:

[0115] [ka]

[0116] More preferably the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of the formula IIA-69 selected from the following sub-formulae:

[0117] [ka]

[0118] More preferably the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IIA-71 selected from the following sub-formulae:

[0119] [ka]

[0120] More preferably the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of the formula IIA-83 selected from the following sub-formulae:

[0121] [ka]

[0122] Preferred LC media additionally comprise one or more compounds of the formulae IIA-Y.

[0123] [ka]

[0124] In the formula, R 21 and R 22 has one of the meanings given above in formula IIA, L 1 and L 2 are the same or different and represent F or Cl.

[0125] Preferred compounds of formula IIA-Y are selected from the group consisting of the following subformulae:

[0126] [ka]

[0127] [ka]

[0128] In the formula, Alkyl and Alkyl * each independently represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, Alkoxy represents a linear or branched alkoxy group having 1 to 6 C atoms, Alkenyl and Alkenyl * each independently represents a linear or branched alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and O represents an oxygen atom or a single bond. * preferably represents CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH- or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0129] Particularly preferred compounds of formula IIA-Y are selected from the group consisting of the following subformulae:

[0130] [ka]

[0131] In the formula, Alkoxy and Alkoxy* has the meaning defined above and preferably denotes methoxy, ethoxy, n-propyloxy, n-butyloxy or n-pentyloxy.

[0132] In another preferred embodiment the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IIB selected from the group consisting of the formulae IIB-1 to IIB-35.

[0133] [ka]

[0134] [ka]

[0135] [ka]

[0136] [ka]

[0137] [ka]

[0138] In the formula, alkyl and alkyl * are each independently a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, a linear or branched alkenyl group having 2 to 6 C atoms, and (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond, and alkenyl preferably represents CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH- or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0139] Particularly preferred LC media according to the invention comprise one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the formulae IIB-2, IIB-14 and IIB-20

[0140] Preferably the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of the formula IIB-14 selected from the following sub-formulae:

[0141] [ka]

[0142] Alternatively and preferably, in addition to the compounds of the formulae IIB-14-1 to IIB-14-5 the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of the formulae IIB-14a-1 to IIB-14a-5.

[0143] [ka]

[0144] Preferably the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of the formula IIB-20 selected from the following sub-formulae:

[0145] [ka]

[0146] In another preferred embodiment the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IIC selected from formula IIC-1.

[0147] [ka]

[0148] In the formula, alkyl and alkyl * each independently represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, preferably in an amount of 0.5% to 5% by weight, in particular 1% to 3% by weight.

[0149] In another preferred embodiment the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IID selected from the group consisting of the following formulae:

[0150] [ka]

[0151] [ka]

[0152] [ka]

[0153] In the formula, alkyl and alkyl * are each independently a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, a linear or branched alkenyl group having 2 to 6 C atoms, and (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond, and alkenyl preferably represents CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH- or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0154] Particularly preferred LC media according to the invention comprise one or more compounds of the formulae IID-1, IID-4, IID-12 and / or IID-19.

[0155] Highly preferred compounds of formula IID are selected from the following subformulae of IID-1:

[0156] [ka]

[0157] [ka]

[0158] [ka]

[0159] [ka]

[0160] wherein v is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6.

[0161] Highly preferred compounds of formula IID are selected from the following subformulae of IID-4:

[0162] [ka]

[0163] [ka]

[0164] [ka]

[0165] [ka]

[0166] wherein v is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6.

[0167] Highly preferred compounds of formula IID are selected from the following subformulae of IID-12:

[0168] [ka]

[0169] [ka]

[0170] [ka]

[0171] wherein v is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6.

[0172] In a preferred embodiment the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IID-12a.

[0173] [ka]

[0174] In the formula, R 21 , Y and q have the meanings given in formula IID, and R 23 teeth [ka] wherein r is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, and s is 1, 2, or 3.

[0175] Preferred compounds of formula IID-12a are compounds IID-12a-1 to IID-12a-14.

[0176] [ka]

[0177] [ka]

[0178] [ka]

[0179] Highly preferred compounds of formula IID are selected from the following subformulae of IID-19:

[0180] [ka]

[0181] [ka]

[0182] [ka]

[0183] [ka]

[0184] wherein v is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6.

[0185] In a preferred embodiment the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IIE selected from the group consisting of the following formulae:

[0186] [ka]

[0187] [ka]

[0188] [ka]

[0189] [ka]

[0190] [ka]

[0191] [ka]

[0192] [ka]

[0193] [ka]

[0194] [ka]

[0195] [ka]

[0196] [ka]

[0197] [ka]

[0198] In the formula, the index represents 1 or 2, and alkyl and alkyl * each independently represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, alkenyl represents a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 6 C atoms, and (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond, and alkenyl preferably represents CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH- or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0199] Particularly preferred LC media according to the invention comprise one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the formulae IIE-2, IIE-8, IIE-10, IIE-16, IIE-18, IIE-37, IIE-38, IIE-39 and IIE-40

[0200] Preferably the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IIE-2 selected from the following sub-formulae:

[0201] [ka]

[0202] Preferably the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of the formula IIE-10 selected from the following sub-formulae:

[0203] [ka]

[0204] In another preferred embodiment the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IIF selected from the group consisting of the following formulae:

[0205] [ka]

[0206] In the formula, alkyl and alkyl * each independently represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0207] Preferably the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IIF-2 selected from the following sub-formulae:

[0208] [ka]

[0209] Preferably the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IIF-3 selected from the following sub-formulae:

[0210] [ka]

[0211] Particularly preferred LC media according to the invention comprise one or more compounds selected from the formulae IIA-2, IIA-8, IIA-9, IIA-10, IIA-16, IIA-18, IIA-40, IIA-41, IIA-42, IIA-43, IIA-67, IIA-69, IIA-71, IIA-83, IIB-2, IIB-10, IIB-16, IIC-1 and IID-1, IID-4, IID-12, IID-19, IIE-2, IIE-8, IIE-10, IIE-16, IIE-18, IIE-37, IIE-38, IIE-39, IIE-40, IIF-2 and IIF-3 or sub-formulae thereof.

[0212] The proportion of the compounds of formula IIA and / or IIB in the entire mixture is 10 to 60% by weight, preferably 20 to 50% by weight.

[0213] The medium according to the invention preferably comprises one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of formula III and / or formula IIIA and / or formula BC and / or formula PH-1.

[0214] [ka]

[0215] [ka]

[0216] [ka]

[0217] [ka]

[0218] During the ceremony R 31 , R 32 , R B1 , R B2 , R P1 and R P2 each independently represent H, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 15 C atoms, preferably 1 to 7 C atoms, with the proviso that in addition, one or more CH groups in these groups are connected in such a way that the O atoms are not directly linked to one another [ka] -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO-, in which one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen; A 3 occur independently of each other, a) a 1,4-cyclohexenylene or 1,4-cyclohexylene group, in which one or two non-adjacent CH groups may be replaced by —O— or —S—; b) a 1,4-phenylene group, in which one or two CH groups may be replaced by N, or c) a group selected from the group consisting of spiro[3.3]heptane-2,6-diyl, piperidine-1,4-diyl, 1,4-bicyclo[2.2.2]octylene, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, phenanthrene-2,7-diyl, and fluorene-2,7-diyl represents provided that groups a), b) and c) may be mono- or polysubstituted by halogen atoms; n represents 0, 1 or 2; Z 3represent, in each occurrence independently of one another, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -C2O-, -OCH2-, -CH2-, -CH2CH2-, -(CH2)4-, -CH=CH-CHO-, -C2F4-, -CH2CF2-, -CF2CH2-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CF-, -CF=CH-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C- or a single bond, L 31 and L 32 each independently represent F, Cl, CF or CHF, and Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3 , Y 4 each independently of one another denotes H, F, Cl, CF3, CHF2, CH3 or OCH3, preferably H, CH3 or OCH3, very preferably H, However, H may be replaced by deuterium.

[0219] Preferred compounds of formula III are those of formulae III-1 to III-6:

[0220] [ka]

[0221] in which the occurring radicals have the same meaning as given above in formula III, preferably R 31 and R 32 each independently represent an alkyl, alkenyl or alkoxy group having up to 15 C atoms, preferably having 1 to 7 C atoms, more preferably one or both of which represent an alkoxy group or a cyclic alkyl having 3 to 6 C atoms, R 33 is an alkyl or alkenyl group having up to 7 C atoms or a group Cy-C n H 2n+1 - represents m and n are the same or different and represent 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, preferably 1, 2 or 3, very preferably 1, Cy represents a cycloaliphatic group having 3, 4 or 5 ring atoms, which may be substituted by alkyl or alkenyl having up to 3 C atoms or by halogen or CN, preferably cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl or cyclopentenyl, (O) represents O or a single bond; L 31 and L 32 each independently represents F or Cl, preferably both represent F, and Y 3 represents H, F, Cl, CF3, CHF2, CH3 or OCH3, preferably H or CH3.

[0222] In another preferred embodiment the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of the formula III-1 selected from the group of the compounds of the formulae III-1-1 to III-1-20, preferably of the formulae III-1-1 and III-1-11:

[0223] [ka]

[0224] [ka]

[0225] [ka]

[0226] In the formula, alkyl and alkyl * each independently represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and alkenyl and alkenyl * each independently represent a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, alkoxy and alkoxy * each independently represent a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and L 31 and L32 each independently represents F or Cl, preferably both represent F.

[0227] Highly preferred compounds of formula III-1-1 are selected from the group consisting of the following subformulae:

[0228] [ka]

[0229] Highly preferred compounds of formula III-1-11 are selected from the group consisting of the following subformulae:

[0230] [ka]

[0231] Highly preferred compounds of formula III-2 are:

[0232] [ka]

[0233] [ka]

[0234] In the formula, alkoxy denotes a straight-chain alkoxy group having 1 to 6 C atoms, preferably ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy or pentoxy, very preferably ethoxy or propoxy, and alkenyl denotes a straight-chain alkenyl group having 2 to 6 C atoms.

[0235] Highly preferred compounds of formula III-6 are selected from the group consisting of the following formulae:

[0236] [ka]

[0237] [ka]

[0238] [ka]

[0239] In the formula, R 32 is alkyl having 1 to 7 C atoms, preferably ethyl, n-propyl or n-butyl or alternatively cyclopropylmethyl, cyclobutylmethyl or cyclopentylmethyl or alternatively -(CH2) n F (wherein n is 2, 3, 4 or 5), preferably C2H4F.

[0240] Preferred compounds of formula III are III-1-1-3, III-1-1-4, III-1-1-5, III-2-7 and III-6-2, with the compounds B(S)-2O-O4, B(S)-2O-O5, B(S)-2O-O6, B(S)-2O-O1(c5), B(S)-4O-O1(c5), B(S)-1VO-O1(c5), B(S)-2O-O1(c3), B(S)-2O-O1(c4) and COB(S)-2-O4 being most preferred.

[0241] Preferably the LC medium further comprises one or more compounds of formula IIIA.

[0242] [ka]

[0243] In the formula, R 31 , R 32 , A 3 , Z 3 , L 31 , L 32 , Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3 , Y 4 and n has the meaning given above for Formula III.

[0244] In a preferred embodiment of the invention the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of the formula IIIA-1

[0245] [ka]

[0246] wherein the occurring radicals have the same meaning as given above in formula IIIA, preferably R 31 and R 32 are each independently an alkyl, alkenyl or alkoxy group having up to 15 C atoms, preferably having 1 to 7 C atoms, more preferably one or both of which represent an alkoxy group or a cyclic alkyl having 3 to 6 C atoms, and L 31 and L 32 each independently represents F or Cl, and preferably both represent F.

[0247] In another preferred embodiment the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of the formula IIIA-1 selected from the group of the compounds of the formulae IIIA-1-1 to IIIA-1-20, preferably of the formulae IIIA-1-8 and IIIA-1-18:

[0248] [ka]

[0249] [ka]

[0250] [ka]

[0251] In the formula, alkyl and alkyl *each independently represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, and alkenyl and alkenyl * each independently represent a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, alkoxy and alkoxy * each independently represents a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, L 31 and L 32 each independently represents F or Cl, preferably both represent F.

[0252] Preferably the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of the formula IIIA-1-8 selected from the following sub-formulae:

[0253] [ka]

[0254] Preferably the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of the formula IIIA-1-18 selected from the following sub-formulae:

[0255] [ka]

[0256] In another preferred embodiment of the invention the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of the formula IIIA-2

[0257] [ka]

[0258] In the formula, L 31 and L 32 has the same meaning as given in formula IIIA, (O) represents O or a single bond, R 33 is an alkyl or alkenyl group having up to 7 C atoms or a group Cy-C n H 2n+1- represents m and n are the same or different and represent 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, preferably 1, 2 or 3, very preferably 1, Cy represents a cycloaliphatic group having 3, 4 or 5 ring atoms, which may be substituted with alkyl or alkenyl having up to 3 C atoms or with halogen or CN, and preferably represents cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl or cyclopentenyl.

[0259] The compound of formula IIIA-2 is included in the LC medium either instead of or in addition to, preferably in addition to, the compound of formula III.

[0260] Highly preferred compounds of formula IIIA-2 are:

[0261] [ka]

[0262] In the formula, alkoxy represents a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 6 C atoms.

[0263] In another preferred embodiment the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of the formula IIIA selected from the group of the compounds of the formulae IIIA-3 to IIIA-5

[0264] [ka]

[0265] wherein the occurring groups have the same meanings as given in formula III, and R 31 preferably represents a linear alkyl or a cyclic alkyl, and R 32 preferably denotes alkoxy, each having 1 to 7 C atoms.

[0266] In a preferred embodiment of the invention the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of the formula IIIA-6

[0267] [ka]

[0268] in which the occurring radicals have the same meaning as given in formula III, preferably R 31 and R 32 are each independently an alkyl, alkenyl or alkoxy group having up to 15 C atoms, preferably 1 to 7 C atoms, and more preferably one or both of them represent an alkoxy group.

[0269] Highly preferred compounds of formula IIIA-6 are selected from the group consisting of the following formulae:

[0270] [ka]

[0271] [ka]

[0272] In the formula, R 32 is alkyl having 1 to 7 C atoms, preferably ethyl, n-propyl or n-butyl or alternatively cyclopropylmethyl, cyclobutylmethyl or cyclopentylmethyl or alternatively -(CH2) n F (wherein n is 2, 3, 4 or 5), preferably C2H4F.

[0273] The LC media according to the invention comprise one or more compounds selected from the group of the difluorodibenzochroman compounds of formula BC, the chromans of formula CR and the fluorinated phenanthrenes of formula PH-1 and PH-2.

[0274] [ka]

[0275] During the ceremony R B1 , R B2 , R CR1 , R CR2 , R P1 , R P2 each independently represent H, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 15 C atoms, preferably 1 to 7 C atoms, provided that one or more CH groups in these groups are not directly linked to the O atoms. [ka] may be replaced independently by —C≡C—, —CF2O—, —OCF2—, —CH═CH—, —O—, —CO—O— or —O—CO—, in which one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen; R 81 and R 82 preferably, independently of one another, denote alkyl or alkoxy having 1 to 7 C atoms or cyclic alkyl having 3 to 6 C atoms, c is 0, 1 or 2, and Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3 , Y 4 each independently represent H, F, Cl, CF3, CHF2, CH3 or OCH3.

[0276] The LC media according to the invention comprise compounds of the formulae BC, CR, PH-1, PH-2 preferably in an amount of 3 to 20% by weight, in particular in an amount of 3 to 15% by weight.

[0277] Particularly preferred compounds of formulae BC, CR and PH-1 are compounds BC-1 to BC-7, CR-1 to CR-5 and BP-1 to BP-7.

[0278] [ka]

[0279] [ka]

[0280] [ka]

[0281] During the ceremony, Alkyl and alkyl * each independently represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, alkenyl and alkenyl * each independently represents a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0282] More preferred are mixtures comprising one, two or three compounds of formula BC-2, BC-3, BP-2 and / or BP-3, very preferably BP-2 and / or BP-3, especially BP-3.

[0283] Particularly preferred compounds of formula BC are compounds B(A)-2O-O2, B(A)-(c5)1O-O2 and B(A)-(c4)1O-O2.

[0284] [ka]

[0285] Particularly preferred compounds of formula PH-1 are the compounds B(P)-2O-O3, B(P)-(c5)1O-O3, B(P)-(c5)1O-O2, B(P)-(c4)1O-O2, B(P)-2O-O4 and B(P)-(c5)1O-O4.

[0286] [ka]

[0287] In a preferred embodiment the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IV

[0288] [ka]

[0289] During the ceremony, R 41 is an unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 7 C atoms (provided that in these groups one or more CH2 groups are connected in such a way that the O atoms are not directly linked to each other). [ka] -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO-, each of which may be replaced independently by one or more H atoms, and in such groups one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen.) or an unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 7 C atoms, preferably an n-alkyl group, particularly preferably having 2, 3, 4 or 5 C atoms, and R 42 represents an unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 7 C atoms or a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 6 C atoms or an unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1 to 6 C atoms (both preferably having 2 to 5 C atoms), an unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 7 C atoms, preferably having 2, 3 or 4 C atoms, more preferably a vinyl group or a 1-propenyl group, in particular a vinyl group.

[0290] The compound of formula IV is preferably selected from the group of compounds of formulae IV-1 to IV-4:

[0291] [ka]

[0292] During the ceremony, alkyl and alkyl' independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 7 C atoms, preferably 2 to 5 C atoms, alkenyl represents an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 C atoms, preferably 2 to 4 C atoms, particularly preferably 2 C atoms; alkenyl' represents an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 C atoms, preferably 2 to 4 C atoms, particularly preferably 2 to 3 C atoms, Alkoxy represents alkoxy having 1 to 5 C atoms, preferably having 2 to 4 C atoms.

[0293] Preferably the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the compounds of the formulae IV-1-1 to IV-1-14:

[0294] [ka]

[0295] [ka]

[0296] In the formula, alkyl represents methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, or n-pentyl.

[0297] Very preferably, the LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of the formulae IV-2-1 and / or IV-2-2.

[0298] [ka]

[0299] Very preferably, the LC medium according to the invention comprises a compound of the formula IV-3, in particular selected from the compounds of the formulae IV-3-1 to IV-3-9

[0300] [ka]

[0301] The LC medium according to the invention preferably comprises one or more compounds CC-nV and / or CC-n-Vm, in particular CC-3-V, CC-4-V, CC-3-V1 and / or CC-4-V1, in a total concentration ranging from 15 to 70%, preferably from 25 to 55%, very preferably from 30 to 50%. CC-3-V is preferably used in a concentration ranging from 5 to 60%, in particular from 10 to 55%. In a preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises CC-3-V and CC-3-V1 or CC-3-V and CC-4-V1.

[0302] In another embodiment the LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of the formula IV-3 selected from the compounds of the formulae IV-3-10 to IV-3-25

[0303] [ka]

[0304] [ka]

[0305] Very preferably, the LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of the formula IV-4, in particular selected from the compounds of the following formulae:

[0306] [ka]

[0307] In another embodiment the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IV-4 and its sub-formulae, in which one or both of "alkenyl" and "alkenyl'" are [ka] where m is 0, 1 or 2 and n is 0, 1 or 2.) and are very preferably selected from the compounds of the formulae IV-4-3 to IV-4-6:

[0308] Very preferably, the LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula IV-1 or any subformula thereof and / or one or more compounds of formula IV-3 or any subformula thereof and / or one or more compounds of formula IV-4 or any subformula thereof, with the proviso that the concentration of these compounds of formula IV-1 is in the range from 1% to 30%.

[0309] The LC media according to the invention preferably additionally comprise one or more compounds of the formula IVa.

[0310] [ka]

[0311] During the ceremony, R 41 and R 42 each independently represent a linear alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkoxyalkyl or alkenyloxy group having up to 12 C atoms or a cyclic alkyl having 3 to 6 C atoms, [ka] Z 4 represents a single bond, -CH2CH2-, -CH=CH-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -COO-, -OCO-, -C2F4-, -C4H8- or -CF=CF-.

[0312] Preferred compounds of formula IVa are shown below.

[0313] [ka]

[0314] During the ceremony, Alkyl and alkyl * each independently represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0315] The LC media according to the invention preferably comprise at least one compound of the formula IVa-1 and / or IVa-2.

[0316] The proportion of compounds of formula IVa in the mixture as a whole is preferably at least 5% by weight.

[0317] Preferably the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of the formulae IVb-1 to IVb-4, more preferably compounds of the formulae IVb-1 to IVb-5.

[0318] [ka]

[0319] During the ceremony, Alkyl and alkyl * each independently represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms or a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 6 C atoms, preferably alkyl represents methyl, and alkenyl and alkenyl * each independently represents a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, Alkoxy represents a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 6 C atoms.

[0320] The proportion of the compounds of the formulae IV-1 to IV-3 in the entire mixture is preferably at least 3% by weight, in particular 5% by weight or more.

[0321] Among the compounds of formulae IVa-1 to IVa-4, the compound of formula IVa-2 is particularly preferred.

[0322] Among the compounds of formulae IVb-1 to IVb-3, the compound of formula IVb-2 is particularly preferred.

[0323] Particularly preferred is biphenyl.

[0324] [ka]

[0325] In the formula, alkyl * represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, preferably n-propyl.

[0326] The LC media according to the invention particularly preferably comprise one or more compounds of the formulae IVb-1-1, IVb-2-3 and / or IVb-2-4.

[0327] In a preferred embodiment the LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula V

[0328] [ka]

[0329] During the ceremony, R 51 and R 52 represent, independently of one another, H, an alkyl, alkoxy or alkenyl group having up to 15 C atoms, which is unsubstituted or monosubstituted with F, Cl, CN or CF3 or at least monosubstituted with a halogen, provided that in addition one or more CH2 groups in these groups are not directly linked to one another and are substituted with -O-, -S-, -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, [ka] and preferably represents alkyl having 1 to 7 C atoms, preferably n-alkyl, particularly preferably n-alkyl having 1 to 5 C atoms, alkoxy having 1 to 6 C atoms, preferably n-alkoxy, particularly preferably n-alkoxy having 2 to 5 C atoms, alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 7 C atoms, preferably 2 to 4 C atoms, alkenyl or alkenyloxy, preferably alkenyloxy, [ka] represents Z 51 , Z 52 each independently represent -CH-CH-, -CH-O-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -COO- or a single bond, preferably -CH-CH-, -CH-O- or a single bond, particularly preferably a single bond, and n is 1 or 2, However, compounds of formula CL are excluded.

[0330] The compound of formula V is preferably selected from the compounds of formula V-1, V-2 and V-3.

[0331] [ka]

[0332] wherein the occurring radicals have the meanings given above in formula V.

[0333] The compound of formula V-1 is preferably selected from the compounds of formulae V-1-1 to V-1-8; The compound of formula V-2 is preferably selected from the compounds of formulae V-2-1 to V-2-4; and The compound of formula V-3 is preferably selected from the compounds of formulae V-3-1 to V-3-4.

[0334] [ka]

[0335] [ka]

[0336] In the formula, R 51 and R 52 has the meaning given above in formula V. 51 and R 52 preferably each independently represent straight-chain alkyl having 1 to 7 C atoms or alkenyl having 2 to 7 C atoms.

[0337] Highly preferred compounds of formula V-1-1 are selected from the compounds of formulae V-1-1-1 to V-1-1-28:

[0338] [ka]

[0339] [ka]

[0340] [ka]

[0341] [ka]

[0342] In the formula, alkyl represents ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl or n-pentyl, preferably n-propyl.

[0343] Highly preferred compounds of formula V-2-1 are selected from the compounds of formulae V-2-1-1 to V-2-1-7:

[0344] [ka]

[0345] Highly preferred compounds of formula V-2-2 are selected from the compounds of formulae V-2-2-1 to V-2-2-9:

[0346] [ka]

[0347] A preferred medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula CL.

[0348] [ka]

[0349] During the ceremony R L represents H, a linear or branched alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 15 C atoms, or a linear or branched alkenyl group having 2 to 15 C atoms, provided that one or more CH groups in these groups are not directly linked to O atoms, [ka] -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO-, each of which may be replaced independently of the other, in which additionally one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen; X L represents F, Cl, CN, CHF2, CF3, OCF3, or the same or different R L has one of the meanings of Y L represents H, F, Cl or CH3.

[0350] The compound of formula CL is preferably selected from the group of compounds of formula CL-1, CL-2 and CL-3.

[0351] [ka]

[0352] During the ceremony, R L1 and R L2 are the same or different on R L and preferably denotes alkyl or alkenyl having 1 to 7 or 2 to 7 C atoms, respectively, in which the CH groups may be replaced by cyclopropane-1,2-diyl, or R L2 represents alkoxy having 1 to 5 C atoms.

[0353] Highly preferred compounds of formula CL are selected from compounds of formulae CL-3-1 to CL-3-18:

[0354] [ka]

[0355] [ka]

[0356] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the medium according to the invention comprises the compound CL-3-1 or CLP-3-3.

[0357] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the LC medium additionally comprises one or more compounds of the formulae VI-1 to VI-21.

[0358] [ka]

[0359] [ka]

[0360] [ka]

[0361] During the ceremony, R 61 represents a linear alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, (O) represents -O- or a single bond, X represents F, Cl, OCF3 or OCHF2, L x represents H or F; m is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6; and n is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.

[0362] R 61preferably represents methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, pentoxy.

[0363] X preferably represents F or OCH3, very preferably F.

[0364] The LC media according to the invention preferably comprise terphenyls of the formulae VI-1 to VI-21 in an amount of 2 to 30% by weight, in particular 5 to 20% by weight.

[0365] Particularly preferred are compounds of formulae VI-2, VI-17 and VI-19 in which X represents F. In these compounds, R 61 preferably denotes alkyl, further alkoxy, each having 1 to 5 C atoms. In compounds of formula VI-17, R 61 preferably represents alkyl or alkenyl, especially alkyl. In the compounds of formula VI-19, R 61 preferably represents alkyl. In the compounds of formulae VI-19 to VI-21, X preferably represents F.

[0366] Terphenyls of the formulae VI-1 to VI-21 are preferably used in the LC media according to the invention, if the Δn value of the mixture is to be greater than or equal to 0.1. Preferred LC media contain 2 to 20% by weight of one or more terphenyl compounds selected from the group of the compounds of the formulae VI-1 to VI-21

[0367] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the LC medium additionally comprises one or more compounds of the formulae VIa-1 to VIa-15.

[0368] [ka]

[0369] [ka]

[0370] [ka]

[0371] In the formula, R 61 represents a straight-chain alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 6 C atoms, (O) represents —O— or a single bond, m is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, and n is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4.

[0372] R 61 preferably represents methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, pentoxy.

[0373] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the medium additionally comprises one or more compounds of the formulae VII-1 to VII-9.

[0374] [ka]

[0375] [ka]

[0376] During the ceremony, R 71 are each independently a group represented by R in formula IIA. 21 and w is an integer of 1 to 6.

[0377] Preferably, the medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula VIII.

[0378] [ka]

[0379] During the ceremony, R 81 and R 82are the same or different and represent H, halogen, CN, SCN, linear alkyl or alkoxy having 1 to 15 C atoms, linear alkenyl or alkenyloxy having 2 to 15 C atoms, or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl or alkenyloxy having 3 to 15 C atoms, provided that one or more CH2 groups in these groups are not directly linked to O atoms, [ka] each independently being replaced by -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO-, in which one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen; A 0 , A 81 and A 82 are each independently phenylene-1,4-diyl (in which one or two CH groups may be replaced by N and one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen, CN, CH3, CHF2, CH2F, CF3, OCH3, OCHF2 or OCF3), cyclohexane-1,4-diyl (in which one or two non-adjacent CH2 groups may be replaced independently by O and / or S and one or more H atoms may be replaced by F), cyclohexene-1,4-diyl, bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane-1,3-diyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-1,4-diyl, spiro[3.3]heptane-2,6-diyl, tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl or 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl; Z 81 and Z 82 represent, independently of one another, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -C2O-, -OCH2-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -C2H4-, -C2F4-, -CF2CH2-, -CH2CF2-, -CFHCFH-, -CFHCH2-, -CH2CFH-, -CF2CFH-, -CFHCF2-, -CH=CH-, -CF=CH-, -CH=CF-, -CF=CF-, -C≡C- or a single bond; n represents 0, 1, 2 or 3, preferably 0, 1 or 2, very preferably 0 or 1, particularly preferably 0; and m represents 0, 1, 2 or 3, preferably 0, 1 or 2, very preferably 1 or 2, in particular 1.

[0380] A in Formula I 81 and A 81 preferably denotes phenylene-1,4-diyl (which may also be mono- or polysubstituted by F), furthermore cyclohexane-1,4-diyl, cyclohexenylene-1,4-diyl, tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl or 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl, very preferably phenylene-1,4-diyl (which may also be mono- or polysubstituted by F) or cyclohexane-1,4-diyl.

[0381] Z in Formula VIII 81 and Z 81 preferably represents -CF2O-, -OCF2- or a single bond, very preferably a single bond.

[0382] A in Formula VIII 81 and A 81 is particularly preferably [ka] wherein L represents halogen, CF3 or CN, preferably F.

[0383] R 81 and R 82 Further preferred are compounds of formula VIII, in which each independently of one another denotes H, F or alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl or alkynyl having 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 5, C atoms, each of which may be replaced by halogen, in particular F.

[0384] R 81 and R 82preferably represents H, optionally fluorinated alkyl or alkoxy having 1 to 7 C atoms, optionally fluorinated alkenyl or alkynyl having 2 to 7 C atoms, optionally fluorinated cycloalkyl having 3 to 12 C atoms.

[0385] Preferably R 81 and R 82 At least one of these is not H, and particularly preferably R 81 and R 82 Both of these are not H. 81 is very particularly preferably alkyl. 82 is more preferably H, alkyl or fluorine. Very particularly preferably R 81 is alkyl, and R 82 is H or alkyl. R 81 , R 82 R each independently very particularly preferably denotes unbranched alkyl having 1 to 5 C atoms. 81 and R 82 represents a substituted alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl or alkynyl, two groups R 81 and R 82 The total number of C atoms in is preferably less than 10.

[0386] Preferred compounds of formula VIII are selected from compounds of formula VIIIa:

[0387] [ka]

[0388] In the formula, R 81 and R 82 are the same or different and represent a linear alkyl having 1 to 15 C atoms, a linear alkenyl having 2 to 15 C atoms, or a branched alkyl or alkenyl having 3 to 15 C atoms, provided that one or more CH2 groups in these groups are [ka] and each independently may be replaced by one or more H atoms in said group, preferably R 81 and R 82 Both of these represent linear alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0389] Highly preferred compounds of formula VIIIa are selected from compounds of formulae VIIIa-1 to VIIIa-35:

[0390] [ka]

[0391] [ka]

[0392] [ka]

[0393] [ka]

[0394] [ka]

[0395] [ka]

[0396] In the formula, v is an integer of 1 to 6.

[0397] More preferred compounds of formula VIII are selected from the following subformulae:

[0398] [ka]

[0399] In the formula, R 81 , R 82 and L have the meanings given above, L preferably represents F, and r, s and t are independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4. r is preferably 1 or 2, very preferably 2, and s and t are independently preferably 0 or 1, very preferably 0. R 81 and R 82 particularly independently denotes n-alkyl having 1 to 5 C atoms.

[0400] In a highly preferred embodiment, the compounds of formulae VIII-1 to VIII-6 are selected from the compounds of formulae VIII-1a to VIII-6a, in particular from the compounds of formula VIII-3a.

[0401] [ka]

[0402] In the formula, R 81 , R 82 , r and s have the meanings defined above.

[0403] Very particularly preferably, the medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the group of the compounds of the formulae VIII-3a, VIII-3b, VIII-3c and VIII-3d.

[0404] [ka]

[0405] In the formula, R 81 , R 82 , L and r have the meanings defined above, and preferably r is 0.

[0406] The most preferred compounds of formula VIII-3a include, in particular, one or more of the following:

[0407] [ka]

[0408] [ka]

[0409] [ka]

[0410] Alternatively or additionally, compounds of formula I below may be used:

[0411] [ka]

[0412] [ka]

[0413] [ka]

[0414] [ka]

[0415] In a preferred embodiment, the medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IX.

[0416] [ka]

[0417] During the ceremony, R 91 and R 92are the same or different and represent H, halogen, linear alkyl or alkoxy having 1 to 15 C atoms, linear alkenyl or alkenyloxy having 2 to 15 C atoms, or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl or alkenyloxy having 3 to 15 C atoms, provided that one or more CH groups in these groups are not directly linked to O atoms, [ka] each independently being replaced by -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO-, in which one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen; L 91 and L 92 each independently represent F, Cl, CF3 or CHF2, L 93 and L 94 each independently represent H, F, Cl, CF3 or CHF2, Y 91 represents H, F, Cl, CF3, CHF2 or CH3, preferably H or CH3, and n is 0 or 1.

[0418] n is 0, Y represents H or CH3, more preferably H, and L 91 and L 92 Preference is given to an LC medium comprising a compound of the formula IX, in which denotes F.

[0419] Highly preferred compounds of formula IX are selected from compounds of formulae IX-1 to IX-35:

[0420] [ka]

[0421] [ka]

[0422] [ka]

[0423] [ka]

[0424] [ka]

[0425] [ka]

[0426] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the medium comprises one or more compounds of formula X.

[0427] [ka]

[0428] During the ceremony, [ka] represents [ka] represents R X represents a linear or branched alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 15 C atoms, provided that one or more CH groups in these groups are connected in such a way that the O atoms are not directly linked to each other, [ka] -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO-, each independently of the other, in which one or more H atoms may additionally be replaced by halogen, preferably by F; X X represents F, Cl, CN, SF5, SCN, NCS, a halogenated alkyl group or a halogenated alkoxy group each having 1 to 6 C atoms, or a halogenated alkenyl group or a halogenated alkenyloxy group each having 2 to 6 C atoms, Z X represents -C2H4-, -CH2O-, CF2O, -CH=CH- or a single bond, and X X represents H or F.

[0429] In the compound of formula X, R X preferably denotes alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms or alkenyl having 2 to 6 C atoms, which group is preferably linear.

[0430] In the compound of formula X, X is preferably F, Cl, or a mono- or polyfluorinated alkyl or alkoxy group having 1, 2 or 3 C atoms or a mono- or polyfluorinated alkenyl group having 2 or 3 C atoms. X is more preferably F, Cl, CF3, CHF2, OCF3, OCHF2, OCFHCF3, OCFHCHF2, OCFHCHF2, OCF2CH3, OCF2CHF2, OCF2CHF2, OCF2CF2CHF2, OCF2CF2CHF2, OCF2CF2CHF2, OCFHCF2CF3, OCFHCF2CHF2, OCF2CF2CF3, OCF2CF2CClF2, OCClFCF2CF3, OCH=CF2 or CH=CF2, very preferably F or OCF3, further CF3, OCF=CF2, OCHF2 or OCH=CF2, very particularly preferably F, OCF3 or CF3, most preferably F.

[0431] Preferred compounds of formula X are selected from the following sub-formulae:

[0432] [ka]

[0433] In the formula, R X has one of the meanings given for the formula X and preferably denotes straight-chain alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms, very preferably ethyl, propyl or butyl, or straight-chain alkenyl having 2 to 6 C atoms, very preferably vinyl or 1-propenyl, most preferably vinyl, and X X has one of the meanings given in formula X and preferably denotes F, CF3 or OCF3, very preferably F.

[0434] Highly preferred compounds of formula X are selected from the following sub-formulae:

[0435] [ka]

[0436] [ka]

[0437] [ka]

[0438] [ka]

[0439] [ka]

[0440] Preferably the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the formulae X1-1, X1-3, X2-1 and X2-3.

[0441] Further preferred embodiments are listed below.

[0442] a) Liquid-crystalline medium comprising at least one compound of the formulae Z-1 to Z-8, preferably of the formulae Z-2, Z-4 and Z-6, very preferably Z-4.

[0443] [ka]

[0444] In the formula, R Z is the R shown above 21 and preferably represents alkyl having 1 to 7 carbon atoms or alkenyl having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, (O) represents O or a single bond, and alkyl represents alkyl having 1 to 7 C atoms.

[0445] b) Preferred liquid crystal media according to the invention comprise one or more substances which contain a tetrahydronaphthyl or naphthyl unit, such as, for example, compounds of the formulae N-1 to N-5.

[0446] [ka]

[0447] R in the formula N1 and R N2 are each independently R 21 and preferably represents straight-chain alkyl, straight-chain alkoxy or straight-chain alkenyl, Z N1 and Z N2 each independently represent -C2H4-, -CH=CH-, -(CH2)4-, -(CH2)3O-, -O(CH2)3-, -CH=CHCH2CH2-, -CH2CH2CH=CH-, -CHO-, -OCH2-, -COO-, -OCO-, -C2F4-, -CF=CF-, -CF=CH-, -CH=CF-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2- or a single bond.

[0448] c) Preferred mixtures comprise one or more indane compounds of formula In.

[0449] [ka]

[0450] During the ceremony, R In1 , R In2 and R In3 each independently represent a linear alkyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl or alkenyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms or a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 6 C atoms, R In2 and R In3 represents alternatively a halogen, preferably F, [ka] represents i represents 0, 1 or 2.

[0451] Preferred compounds of formula In are compounds of formulae In-1 to In-16 shown below.

[0452] [ka]

[0453] [ka]

[0454] [ka]

[0455] Compounds of formulae In-1, In-2, In-3 and In-4 are particularly preferred.

[0456] In the LC media according to the invention, the compounds of the formula In and the subformulae In-1 to In-16 are preferably used in a concentration of 5% by weight or more, in particular 5 to 30% by weight, very preferably 5 to 25% by weight.

[0457] d) Preferred mixtures additionally comprise one or more compounds of formulae L-1 to L-11.

[0458] [ka]

[0459] [ka]

[0460] [ka]

[0461] During the ceremony, R L1 and R L2 are each independently R in the above formula IIA. 21 where alkyl represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. The parameter s represents 1 or 2.

[0462] The compounds of the formulae L1 to L9 are preferably used in concentrations of 5 to 15% by weight, in particular 5 to 12% by weight, very particularly preferably 8 to 10% by weight.

[0463] Preferably, the medium according to the invention comprises a compound selected from the group of compounds of formulae ST-1 to ST-18, very preferably of formula ST-3.

[0464] [ka]

[0465] [ka]

[0466] [ka]

[0467] [ka]

[0468] During the ceremony R ST represents H, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 15 C atoms, provided that in addition, one or more CH groups in these groups are not directly linked to O atoms, and are -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, [ka] may be replaced independently by -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO-, in which one or more H atoms may additionally be replaced by halogen; [ka] may be the same or different in each occurrence, [ka] represents Z ST each independently represent -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -C2O-, -OCH2-, -CH2-, -CH2CH2-, -(CH2)4-, -CH=CH-, -C2O-, -C2F4-, -CH2CF2-, -CF2CH2-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CF-, -CF=CH-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C- or a single bond; L 1 and L 2 each independently represents F, Cl, CH3, CF3 or CHF2, p represents 0, 1 or 2; q represents 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10.

[0469] Among the compounds of formula ST, the compounds of formula:

[0470] [ka]

[0471] [ka]

[0472] [ka]

[0473] In the compounds of formulae ST-3a and ST-3b, n preferably represents 3. In the compounds of formula ST-2a, n preferably represents 1 or 7.

[0474] Very particularly preferred mixtures according to the invention comprise one or more stabilizers from the group of compounds of the formulae ST-2a-1, ST-2a-2, ST-3a-1, ST-3b-1, ST-8-1, ST-9-1, ST-12.

[0475] [ka]

[0476] [ka]

[0477] Preferably, the medium comprises one or more compounds of formula S:

[0478] [ka]

[0479] During the ceremony, Ar represents a methylene group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, or a heteroaromatic hydrocarbon group having 4 to 40 carbon atoms; preferably an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms; Sp represents a spacer group; R S represents H, alkyl having 1 to 12 C atoms or alkenyl having 2 to 12 C atoms; Z S are -O-, -C(O)O-, and -(CH2) z -or-(CH2) z O-, or a single bond; HA is [ka] represents; R H H, O · , CH3, OH or OR S represents; R S1 , R S2 , R S3 and R S4 are identical or different and represent alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms, preferably having 1 to 3 C atoms, very preferably CH3; G is H or R S or group Z S - represents HA; z is an integer from 1 to 6; and q is 2, 3 or 4, preferably 3 or 4.

[0480] In formula S, aryl represents an aromatic or heteroaromatic hydrocarbon group having 4 to 40 carbon atoms, and contains 1, 2, 3 or 4 aromatic rings, including fused rings, which may be bonded directly or via an alkylene linking group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, in which one or more H atoms may be replaced by alkyl or alkoxy having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or alkenyl having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, or by CN, CF or halogen, and in which one or more CH groups may be replaced by -O-, -S-, -NH-, -N(C1-C4-alkyl)-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, -CH=CH- or -C≡C-, respectively, so that O or S atoms are not directly bonded to each other.

[0481] Preferred aryl groups are benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, biphenyl, m-terphenyl, p-terphenyl and (phenylalkyl)benzenes, in which alkyl is a straight-chain alkyl having 1 to 12 C atoms.

[0482] In a preferred embodiment, the media according to the invention have a parameter q of 3 and G is a group Z S - Includes compounds of formula S, which represent HA.

[0483] In another preferred embodiment, the medium according to the invention has a structure in which the parameter q is 4 and G is H or R S This includes compounds of formula S, which represent:

[0484] The compound of formula S is preferably selected from the compounds of formulae S-1, S-2 and S-3.

[0485] [ka]

[0486] [ka]

[0487] During the ceremony, R H has the meaning given above and is preferably H or O · represents; Sp, which may be the same or different in each occurrence, represents a spacer group; W represents a linear or branched, optionally unsubstituted alkylene having 1 to 12 C atoms, in which one or more non-adjacent -CH2- groups may be replaced by -O-.

[0488] Preferred compounds of formula S-1 are selected from compounds of formula S-1-1:

[0489] [ka]

[0490] In the formula, R H has the meaning given above, preferably H or O · and n is an integer from 0 to 12, preferably 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9, and very preferably 7.

[0491] Highly preferred compounds of formula S-1-1 are those of formula S-1-1-1:

[0492] [ka]

[0493] Preferred compounds of formula S-2 are selected from compounds of formula S-2-1:

[0494] [ka]

[0495] In the formula, R H has the meaning given above, preferably H or O ·and n2 is the same or different in each occurrence, preferably the same and an integer from 0 to 12, preferably 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, very preferably 3, and R S are identical or different at each occurrence, preferably identical and denote alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms, preferably n-butyl.

[0496] Highly preferred compounds of formula H-2-1 are those of formula S-2-1-1:

[0497] [ka]

[0498] Preferred compounds of formula S-3 are selected from compounds of formula S-3-1:

[0499] [ka]

[0500] In the formula, R H has the meaning given above, preferably H or O · and n is an integer from 0 to 12, preferably 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9, and very preferably 7.

[0501] The compounds of the formulae S and ST-1 to ST-18 are preferably present in the liquid crystal mixtures according to the invention in an amount of 0.005 to 0.5%, respectively, based on the mixture.

[0502] If the mixture according to the invention comprises two or more compounds from the group of compounds of the formulae S and ST-1 to ST-18, the concentrations increase correspondingly to 0.01 to 1% for two compounds, based on the mixture.

[0503] However, the total proportion of compounds of the formulae S and ST-1 to ST-18, based on the mixture according to the invention, must not exceed 2% by weight, based on the total mixture.

[0504] The liquid-crystalline media according to the invention, also referred to herein as liquid-crystalline host mixtures, are suitable for use in polymer-stabilized displays. For this purpose, the media according to the invention may comprise one or more polymerizable compounds of formula P

[0505] [ka]

[0506] wherein, each independently of one another, are the same or different at each occurrence, P represents a polymerizable group; Sp represents a spacer group or a single bond; A 1 , A 2 is an aromatic, heteroaromatic, alicyclic or heterocyclic group, preferably having 4 to 25 ring atoms, which may also contain fused rings, which group is unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted by L; Z 1 -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, -OCH2-, -CH2O-, -SCH2-, -CH2S-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CF2S-, -SCF2-, -(CH2) n1 -, -CF2CH2-, -CH2CF2-, -(CF2) n1 -, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CF-, -CF=CH-, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-CO-O-, -O-CO-CH=CH-, -CH2-CH2-CO-O-, -O-CO-CH2-CH2-, -CR 0 R 00 - or a single bond, R 0 , R 00 represents H or alkyl having 1 to 12 C atoms, R represents H, L or P-Sp-; L represents F, Cl, -CN, P-Sp- or a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl having 1 to 25 C atoms, with the proviso that one or more non-adjacent CH groups may be replaced by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O- in such a way that the O and / or S atoms are not directly linked to each other independently, and with the proviso that one or more H atoms may be replaced by P-Sp-, F or Cl, respectively; z is 0, 1, 2, or 3, and n1 is 1, 2, 3 or 4.

[0507] The term "reliability" as used herein refers to the quality of a display's performance over time under different stress loads, such as light load, temperature, humidity, voltage, and other display effects known to those skilled in the art of liquid crystal displays, such as image sticking (area and line image sticking), mura, and smearing. As a standard parameter for classifying reliability, the voltage holding ratio (VHR) value is usually used, which is a measure of the ability of a test display to maintain a constant electrical voltage. A high VHR is a prerequisite for a reliable LC medium.

[0508] Unless otherwise specified, the term "PSA" will be used hereinafter to refer to polymer-sustained alignment displays in general, and the term "PS" will be used to refer to specific display modes such as PS-VA and PS-TN.

[0509] As used herein, the terms "active layer" and "switchable layer" refer to a layer in an electro-optical display, e.g., an LC display, that contains one or more types of molecules with structural and optical anisotropy, e.g., LC molecules, that undergo a change in molecular orientation upon application of an external stimulus, such as an electric or magnetic field, resulting in a change in the transparency of the layer for polarized or unpolarized light.

[0510] As used herein, the terms "tilt" and "tilt angle" are understood to mean the tilted orientation of the LC molecules of the LC medium in an LC display (herein preferably a PSA display) relative to the cell surface. As used herein, tilt angle means the average angle (less than 90°) between the molecular long axis (LC director) of the LC molecules and the surfaces of the flat, parallel outer plates forming the LC cell. As used herein, low values ​​of tilt angle (i.e., large deviations from the 90° angle) correspond to large tilt. A suitable method for measuring tilt angle is given in the examples. Unless otherwise indicated, the tilt angle values ​​disclosed above and below refer to this measurement method.

[0511] As used herein, the terms "reactive mesogen" and "RM" are understood to mean a compound containing a mesogenic or liquid crystalline backbone and one or more functional groups attached to the backbone that are suitable for polymerization, which functional groups are also referred to as "polymerizable groups" or "P".

[0512] Unless otherwise stated, as used herein, the term "polymerizable compound" is understood to mean a polymerizable monomeric compound.

[0513] As used herein, the term "low molecular weight compound" is understood as a term in contrast to "polymeric compound" or "polymer" to mean a compound that is monomeric and / or not prepared by a polymerization reaction.

[0514] As used herein, the term "non-polymerizable compound" is understood to mean a compound that does not contain functional groups suitable for polymerization under conditions normally applied for the polymerization of RMs.

[0515] As used herein, the term "mesogenic group" is known to those skilled in the art and described in the literature and refers to a group that, due to the anisotropy of its attractive and repulsive interactions, essentially contributes to the generation of a liquid crystal (LC) phase in low-molecular-weight or polymeric materials. A compound containing a mesogenic group (mesogenic compound) does not necessarily have an LC phase by itself. It is also possible for a mesogenic compound to exhibit LC phase behavior only after mixing with other compounds and / or polymerization. Typical mesogenic groups are, for example, rigid rod- or disc-shaped units. A review of terms and definitions used in connection with mesogens or LC compounds is given in Pure Appl. Chem. 2001, Vol. 73 (No. 5), p. 888 and C. Tschierske, G. Pelzl, S. Diele, Angew. Chem. 2004, Vol. 116, pp. 6340-6368.

[0516] As used herein, the terms "optically active" and "chiral" are synonymous for a material that can induce a helical pitch in a nematic host material, also referred to as a "chiral dopant."

[0517] As used herein, the term "spacer group", also referred to as "Sp" above and below, is known to those skilled in the art and described in the literature, see, for example, Pure Appl. Chem. 2001, Vol. 73 (No. 5), p. 888 and C. Tschierske, G. Pelzl, S. Diele, Angew. Chem. 2004, Vol. 116, pp. 6340-6368. As used herein, the term "spacer group" or "spacer" refers to a flexible group, such as an alkylene group, that connects a mesogenic group and a polymerizable group(s) in a polymerizable mesogenic compound.

[0518] Similarly, in compounds of Formula I, the spacer group links the optically active central hydrocarbon group and stabilizes the hindered amine functionality.

[0519] Above and below, [ka] represents a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene ring.

[0520] basis [ka] The single bond shown between two ring atoms in can be attached to any free position on the benzene ring.

[0521] Above and below, "organic group" represents a carbon or hydrocarbon group.

[0522] The term "carbon group" refers to a monovalent or polyvalent organic group containing at least one carbon atom, provided that it either contains no additional atoms (e.g., -C≡C-) or it may contain one or more additional atoms (e.g., carbonyl) such as, for example, N, O, S, B, P, Si, Se, As, Te, or Ge. The term "hydrocarbon group" refers to a carbon group that additionally contains one or more H atoms and may contain one or more heteroatoms such as, for example, N, O, S, B, P, Si, Se, As, Te, or Ge.

[0523] "Halogen" represents F, Cl, Br or I, preferably F or Cl.

[0524] -CO-, -C(=O)- and -C(O)- are carbonyl groups, i.e. [ka] Represents.

[0525] The carbon or hydrocarbon group may be saturated or unsaturated. Unsaturated groups are, for example, aryl, alkenyl, or alkynyl groups. The carbon or hydrocarbon group having more than three carbon atoms may be linear, branched, and / or cyclic, and may contain spiro-linked or fused rings.

[0526] The terms "alkyl," "aryl," "heteroaryl," etc. also encompass polyvalent groups such as alkylene, arylene, heteroarylene, etc.

[0527] The term "aryl" refers to an aromatic carbon group or a group derived therefrom. The term "heteroaryl" refers to an "aryl" as defined above containing one or more heteroatoms (preferably selected from N, O, S, Se, Te, Si, and Ge).

[0528] Preferred carbon and hydrocarbon groups are optionally substituted, linear, branched or cyclic alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy and alkoxycarbonyloxy having 1 to 40, preferably 1 to 20, particularly preferably 1 to 12 C atoms; optionally substituted aryl or aryloxy having 5 to 30, preferably 6 to 25 C atoms; or optionally substituted alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryloxy, arylalkyloxy, arylcarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, arylcarbonyloxy and aryloxycarbonyloxy having 5 to 30, preferably 6 to 25 C atoms, with the proviso that one or more C atoms may be replaced by a heteroatom, preferably selected from N, O, S, Se, Te, Si and Ge.

[0529] More preferred carbon and hydrocarbon groups are C1-C 20 Alkyl, C2-C 20 Alkenyl, C2-C 20 Alkynyl, C3-C 20 Allyl, C4~C 20 Alkyldienyl, C4-C 20 Polyenyl, C6-C 20 Cycloalkyl, C4-C 15 Cycloalkenyl, C6-C 30 Aryl, C6-C 30 Alkylaryl, C6-C 30 Aryl alkyl, C6-C30 Alkylaryloxy, C6-C 30 Arylalkyloxy, C2-C 30 Heteroaryl, C2-C 30 It is heteroaryloxy.

[0530] C1~C 12 Alkyl, C2-C 12 Alkenyl, C2-C 12 Alkynyl, C6-C 25 Aryl and C2-C 25 Heteroaryl is particularly preferred.

[0531] Further preferred carbon and hydrocarbon groups are alkyl, linear, branched or cyclic, having 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 12, C atoms, which are unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted by F, Cl, Br, I or CN, provided that one or more non-adjacent CH groups are each independently of one another -C(R x )=C(R x )-, -C≡C-, -N(R x )-, -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, or -O-CO-O-.

[0532] R x preferably represents H, F, Cl, CN, a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl chain having 1 to 25 C atoms (with the proviso that in addition, one or more non-adjacent C atoms may be replaced by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, and with the proviso that one or more H atoms may be replaced by F or Cl), or an optionally substituted aryl or aryloxy group having 6 to 30 C atoms, or an optionally substituted heteroaryl or heteroaryloxy group having 2 to 30 C atoms.

[0533] Preferred alkyl groups are, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, 2-methylbutyl, n-pentyl, s-pentyl, cyclopentyl, n-hexyl, cyclohexyl, 2-ethylhexyl, n-heptyl, cycloheptyl, n-octyl, cyclooctyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl, n-dodecyl, dodecanyl, trifluoromethyl, perfluoro-n-butyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, perfluorooctyl, perfluorohexyl, and the like.

[0534] Preferred alkenyl groups are, for example, ethenyl, propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl, cyclopentenyl, hexenyl, cyclohexenyl, heptenyl, cycloheptenyl, octenyl, cyclooctenyl, and the like.

[0535] Preferred alkynyl groups are, for example, ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl, pentynyl, hexynyl, octynyl, and the like.

[0536] Preferred alkoxy groups are, for example, methoxy, ethoxy, 2-methoxyethoxy, n-propoxy, i-propoxy, n-butoxy, i-butoxy, s-butoxy, t-butoxy, 2-methylbutoxy, n-pentoxy, n-hexoxy, n-heptoxy, n-octoxy, n-nonoxy, n-decoxy, n-undecoxy, n-dodecoxy, and the like.

[0537] Preferred amino groups include, for example, dimethylamino, methylamino, methylphenylamino, phenylamino, and the like.

[0538] Aryl and heteroaryl groups can be monocyclic or polycyclic, i.e., they can contain one ring (e.g., phenyl) or two or more rings, and the groups can be fused (e.g., naphthyl) or covalently linked (e.g., biphenyl) or contain a combination of fused and linked rings. Heteroaryl groups preferably contain one or more heteroatoms selected from O, N, S, and Se.

[0539] (Non-aromatic) alicyclic and heterocyclic groups include both saturated rings, i.e., those containing exclusively single bonds, and also partially unsaturated rings, i.e., those which may also contain multiple bonds. Heterocyclic rings preferably contain one or more heteroatoms selected from Si, O, N, S and Se.

[0540] (Non-aromatic) alicyclic and heterocyclic groups may be monocyclic, i.e., containing only one ring (e.g., cyclohexane), or polycyclic, i.e., containing multiple rings (e.g., decahydronaphthalene or bicyclooctane). Saturated groups are particularly preferred. Furthermore, monocyclic, bicyclic, or tricyclic groups having 5 to 25 ring atoms are preferred, which may contain fused rings and may be substituted. Furthermore, 5-, 6-, 7-, or 8-membered carbocyclic groups are preferred, provided that in addition, one or more C atoms may be replaced by Si, and / or one or more CH groups may be replaced by N, and / or one or more non-adjacent CH groups may be replaced by -O- and / or -S-.

[0541] Preferred substituents are solubility-promoting groups such as alkyl or alkoxy, electron-withdrawing groups such as fluorine, nitro or nitrile, or substituents for increasing the glass transition temperature (Tg) in the polymer, especially bulky groups such as t-butyl or optionally substituted aryl groups.

[0542] Preferred substituents are hereinafter referred to as "L S", for example, F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -NO2, -NCO, -NCS, -OCN, -SCN, -C(=O)N(R x )2, -C(=O)Y 1 , -C(=O)R x , -N(R x )2, linear or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or alkoxycarbonyloxy, each having 1 to 25 C atoms (provided that one or more H atoms may be replaced by F or Cl), optionally substituted silyl having 1 to 20 Si atoms, or optionally substituted aryl having 6 to 25, preferably 6 to 15, C atoms.

[0543] In the formula, R x represents H, F, Cl, CN, a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl chain having 1 to 25 C atoms, with the proviso that one or more non-adjacent CH groups may be replaced by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O- in such a way that the O- and / or S- atoms are not directly linked to one another, with the proviso that one or more H atoms may be replaced by F, Cl, P- or P-Sp-, respectively, and Y 1 represents a halogen.

[0544] "Substituted silyl or aryl" preferably includes halogen, -CN, R 0 , -OR 0 , -CO-R 0 , -CO-OR 0 , -O-CO-R 0 or -O-CO-OR 0 where R 0 represents H or alkyl having 1 to 20 C atoms.

[0545] Particularly preferred substituents L are, for example, F, Cl, CN, NO2, CH3, C2H5, OCH3, OC2H5, COCH3, COC2H5, COOCH3, COOC2H5, CF3, OCF3, OCHF2, OC2F5, and also phenyl.

[0546] A 1 and A 2 is very preferably [ka] where L has one of the meanings given above and r represents 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, in particular [ka] Represents.

[0547] The polymerizable group P is a group suitable for polymerization reactions, such as, for example, free-radical or ionic chain polymerization, polyaddition or polycondensation, or for polymer-analogous reactions, such as, for example, addition or condensation onto a polymer backbone. Groups for chain polymerization, especially those containing a C=C double bond or a C≡C triple bond, and groups suitable for ring-opening polymerization, such as, for example, oxetane or epoxide groups, are particularly preferred.

[0548] Highly preferred group -A in formula P 1 -(ZA 2 ) z is selected from the following formulas:

[0549] [ka]

[0550] wherein at least one benzene ring is substituted with at least one group L, and the benzene ring may be further substituted with one or more groups L or P-Sp-.

[0551] Suitable and preferred compounds of formula P are selected from the following formulae:

[0552] [ka]

[0553] [ka]

[0554] [ka]

[0555] [ka]

[0556] [ka]

[0557] [ka]

[0558] wherein the individual groups have the following meanings: P 1 , P 2 , P 3 each independently represents an acrylate or methacrylate group, Sp 1 , Sp 2 , Sp 3 each independently of one another represents a single bond or a spacer group having one of the meanings given above and below for Sp, particularly preferably -(CH2) p1 -, -(CH2) p1 -O-, -(CH2) p1 -CO-O-, -(CH2) p1 -O-CO- or -(CH2) p1 represents —O—CO—O—, where p1 is an integer from 1 to 12, provided that any additional group P 1 -Sp 1 -, P2 -Sp 2 - and P 3 -Sp 3 -At least one of the characters is R aa one or more groups P 1 -Sp 1 -, P 2 -Sp 2 - and P 3 -Sp 3 - is R aa It can be expressed as R aa is H, F, Cl, CN or a linear or branched alkyl having 1 to 25 C atoms (provided that in addition one or more non-adjacent CH groups may be present, in each case independently of one another, such that O and / or S atoms are not directly linked to one another) -C(R 0 )=C(R 00 )-, -C≡C-, -N(R 0 )-, -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, provided that in addition one or more H atoms may be replaced by F, Cl, CN or P 1 -Sp 1 -), particularly preferably linear or branched, optionally monofluorinated or polyfluorinated alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyl or alkylcarbonyloxy having 1 to 12 C atoms, with the proviso that alkenyl and alkynyl groups have at least 2 C atoms and branched groups have at least 3 C atoms, R 0 , R 00 each, independently of one another, is identical or different at each occurrence and represents H or alkyl having 1 to 12 C atoms, R y and R z each independently represents H, F, CH3 or CF3, X 1 , X 2 and X 3 each independently represents -CO-O-, -O-CO- or a single bond, Z1 is -O-, -CO-, -C(R y R z )- or -CF2CF2-, Z 2 and Z 3 are each independently -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -CHO-, -OCH-, -CFO-, -OCF- or -(CH) n -, where n is 2, 3 or 4; L is the same or different in each occurrence and represents F, Cl, CN, or a linear or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or alkoxycarbonyloxy having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, which may be monofluorinated or polyfluorinated, preferably F; L' and L" each independently represent H, F or Cl; k represents 0 or 1; r represents 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; s represents 0, 1, 2 or 3; t represents 0, 1, or 2; x represents 0 or 1.

[0559] Compounds of formula P2, P13, P17, P22, P23, P24, P30, P31 and P32 are particularly preferred.

[0560] Further preferred are trireactive compounds selected from formulae P15 to P30, in particular formulae P17, P18, P19, P22, P23, P24, P25, P26, P30, P31 and P32.

[0561] In the compounds of formulae P1 to P32, [ka] is.

[0562] in which L, identically or differently, has one of the meanings given above and below in each occurrence, preferably F, Cl, CN, NO2, CH3, C2H5, C(CH3)3, CH(CH3)2, CH2CH(CH3)C2H5, OCH3, OC2H5, COCH3, COC2H5, COOCH3, COOC2H5, CF3, OCF3, OCHF2, OC2F5 or P-Sp-, very preferably F, Cl, CN, CH3, C2H5, OCH3, COCH3, OCF3 or P-Sp-, more preferably F, Cl, CH3, OCH3, COCH3 or OCF 3、 In particular, F or CH3.

[0563] Very particularly preferred compounds of formula P are selected from Table E below.

[0564] Particular preference is given to LC media which comprise one, two or three polymerisable compounds of the formula P.

[0565] Preferably the proportion of compounds of formula P in the LC medium is from >0% to <5%, very preferably from >0% to <1%, most preferably from 0.01 to 0.5%.

[0566] In a preferred embodiment, the medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula S in a total concentration preferably in the range of from 10 ppm to 2000 ppm, more preferably from 100 ppm to 1000 ppm, even more preferably from 150 ppm to 500 ppm, very preferably from 200 ppm to 400 ppm, in particular from 250 to 300 ppm.

[0567] In another preferred embodiment, the medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula S in a total concentration preferably in the range of from 1000 ppm to 5000 ppm, more preferably from more than 1000 ppm to 5000 ppm, even more preferably from 1200 ppm to 4500 ppm, very preferably from 2000 ppm to 4000 ppm, in particular from 2500 to 3500 ppm.

[0568] The medium according to the present invention preferably has a negative dielectric anisotropy.

[0569] The liquid crystal mixtures according to the invention are preferably nematic at temperatures below -20°C, preferably below -30°C, very preferably below -40°C.

[0570] The liquid-crystalline media according to the invention advantageously have a nematic phase preferably at temperatures from -20°C to 90°C, particularly preferably from -30°C to 100°C, very particularly preferably from -40°C to 100°C.

[0571] The expression "having a nematic phase" means, on the one hand, that no smectic phase or crystallization is observed below the corresponding temperature, and, on the other hand, that at a given temperature, no clearing (transition to an isotropic phase) occurs upon heating of the nematic phase. Low-temperature studies are carried out using a flow viscometer at the corresponding temperature and confirmed by storage for at least 100 hours in test cells with a layer thickness corresponding to the electro-optical application. If the storage stability in the test cells at a temperature of -20°C is 1000 hours or more, the medium is said to be stable at this temperature. For temperatures of -30°C and -40°C, the corresponding times are 500 hours and 250 hours, respectively. At higher temperatures, the clearing point is measured in capillary tubes using conventional methods.

[0572] In a preferred embodiment, the liquid crystal mixture according to the invention has a clearing temperature of 90°C or higher, preferably 100°C or higher.

[0573] In a preferred embodiment, the liquid crystal mixture according to the invention has a clearing temperature of 100° C. or more and an optical anisotropy at 20° C. and 589 nm of 0.1 or less, preferably 0.09 or less.

[0574] In a preferred embodiment, the liquid-crystal mixture according to the invention has a dielectric anisotropy Δε of −2.0 to −6.0, preferably −2.2 to −5.0, in particular −2.3 to −4.3.

[0575] The rotational viscosity γ1 at 20° C. is preferably less than 250 mPa·s, more preferably less than 200 mPa·s, and most preferably less than 150 mPa·s.

[0576] The medium according to the invention contains the compound of formula I in a concentration ranging from 0.1% to 10%, preferably from 1% to 9%, more preferably from 2% to 8%.

[0577] Preferred embodiments, alone or in combination with each other, are as follows:

[0578] The medium is preferably:

[0579] one or more compounds of the formula IIA, preferably IIA-10, more preferably one or more compounds CCY-n-Om, in particular CCY-4-O2, CCY-3-O2, CCY-3-O3, CCY-3-O1 and / or CCY-5-O2, preferably in a total concentration in the range from 3% to 25%, more preferably from 6% to 20%, particularly preferably from 8% to 18%;

[0580] one or more compounds of the formula IID, preferably selected from the compounds of the formulae IID-4 and IID-12, preferably in a total concentration ranging from 2% to 40%, more preferably from 15% to 35%, particularly preferably from 20% to 30%;

[0581] and / or one or more compounds of formula IID-4, preferably CLY-n-Om, in particular CLY-2-O4, CLY-3-O2 and / or CLY-3-O3, preferably in a total concentration ranging from 3% to 38%, more preferably from 8% to 25%;

[0582] and / or one or more compounds of formula IID-12, preferably CLOY-n-Om, in particular CLOY-3-O2, preferably in a total concentration ranging from 2% to 35%, more preferably from 4% to 30%, particularly preferably from 6% to 26%;

[0583] and / or less than 5%, more preferably less than 3%, and very preferably less than 1% of one or more compounds of formula IIB;

[0584] and / or less than 5%, more preferably less than 3%, and very preferably less than 1% of one or more compounds of formula IIC;

[0585] and / or one or more compounds of formula III, preferably of formula III-1 and / or III-6, in particular one or more compounds B(S)-nO-Om and / or COB(S)-n-Om, very in particular B(S)-2O-O4, B(S)-2O-O5, B(S)-2O-O6 and / or COB(S)-2-O4, preferably in a total concentration ranging from 1% to 20%, more preferably from 1% to 17%;

[0586] and / or one or more compounds of formula III and / or PH-1, preferably of formula III-1 and / or BP-3, more preferably of formula III-2-6, in particular selected from B(S)-2O-O4, B(S)-2O-O5 and B(S)-2O-O6, preferably in a total concentration ranging from 1% to 12%, more preferably from 2% to 11%;

[0587] and / or one or more compounds of formula IV, in particular selected from CC-3-V, CC-3-V1, CC-3-2V1 and / or CC-4-V1, preferably in a total concentration ranging from 29% to 70%, more preferably from 20% to 60%, particularly preferably from 25% to 55%;

[0588] and / or one or more compounds of formula IVa, more preferably of formula IVa-2, in particular CP-3-O2, in a total concentration in the range of 0.5% to 8%, more preferably 1% to 6%, very preferably 2% to 5%;

[0589] and / or one or more compounds of formula V, more preferably selected from the compounds of formulae V-2-1 and V-2-2, in particular selected from the group consisting of CCP-nm and / or CCP-Vn-m and / or CPP-nm, very particularly CCP-3-1, CCP-V-1, CCP-V2-1 and CPP-3-2, preferably in a total concentration ranging from 1% to 20%, more preferably from 2% to 17%, very preferably from 3% to 14%;

[0590] and / or one or more compounds of formula CL, more preferably formula CL-3, very preferably selected from compounds CLP-Vm, CLP-V-Om, CLP-nm and CLP-n-Om, where n and m are independently 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, preferably at a total concentration in the range of 1% to 12%, more preferably 2% to 10%, very preferably 3% to 7%. Includes.

[0591] The liquid-crystalline media according to the invention have high values ​​of the voltage holding ratio in liquid-crystal cells.

[0592] In general, liquid crystal media with a low addressing voltage or threshold voltage show a lower voltage holding ratio than those with a high addressing voltage or threshold voltage, and vice versa.

[0593] As used herein, the term "dielectrically positive compound" refers to a compound with a Δε greater than 1.5, the term "dielectrically neutral compound" refers to a compound with a Δε greater than -1.5 and less than 1.5, and the term "dielectrically negative compound" refers to a compound with a Δε less than -1.5. The dielectric anisotropy of a compound is determined by dissolving 10% of the compound in a liquid crystal host and measuring the capacitance of the resulting mixture at 1 kHz in at least one test cell with homeotropic and homogeneous surface alignment, each with a layer thickness of 20 μm. The measurement voltage is typically 0.5 V to 1.0 V, but always below the capacitance threshold of the liquid crystal mixture under consideration.

[0594] All temperature values ​​given in this invention are in °C.

[0595] The mixtures according to the invention are suitable for all VA-TFT applications, such as VAN, MVA, (S)-PVA, ASV, PSA (polymer sustained VA) and PS-VA (polymer stabilized VA). They are furthermore suitable for IPS (in-plane switching) and FFS (fringe field switching) applications with negative Δε, in particular UB-FFS.

[0596] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the VA, IPS or FFS mixtures of the present invention may also contain compounds in which, for example, H, N, O, Cl and F are replaced by the corresponding isotopes.

[0597] The compounds according to the invention can be synthesized by known methods described in the literature (e.g., standard works such as Houben-Weyl, Methoden der Organischen Chemie [Methods of Organic Chemistry], Georg-Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart) or in analogy thereto, under known reaction conditions suitable for the reactions. Also, although not mentioned here, per se known variations can be used herein. In particular, they can be prepared as described in the following reaction schemes or in analogy thereto. Further methods for preparing the compounds of the invention can be taken from the examples.

[0598] Other mesogenic compounds not explicitly mentioned above can also be used advantageously in the media according to the invention, such compounds being known to those skilled in the art.

[0599] In the present invention and the following examples, the structures of liquid crystal compounds are represented by acronyms, and the conversion to chemical formulas is carried out according to the following Tables A.1 to A.3. m H 2m+1 , Cn H 2n+1 , and C l H 2l+1 or C m H 2m-1 , C n H 2n-1 andC l H 2l-1 is a linear alkyl or alkylene group having in each case n, m and l C atoms. Preferably, n, m and l are each, independently of one another, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7. Table A.1 shows the codes for the ring elements of the nucleus of the compounds, Table A.2 lists the bridging units, and Table A.3 lists the meaning of the symbols for the left- and right-most groups of the molecule. The acronyms consist of the code for the ring element with an optional linking group, followed by the code for the first hyphen and the left-most group, and the code for the second hyphen and the right-most group. Table B shows example structures of compounds with their respective abbreviations.

[0600] <Table A.1: Ring elements>

[0601] [Table 1]

[0602] [Table 2]

[0603] [Table 3]

[0604] <Table A.2: Cross-linking units>

[0605] [Table 4]

[0606] <Table A.3: Terminal group>

[0607] [Table 5]

[0608] [Table 6]

[0609] In the table, n and m are each integers, and the three dots "..." are places for other abbreviations from this table.

[0610] Apart from the compounds of formula I, IIA, IIB, IIC, IID, IIE and / or IIF, IVa, IVb and V, the mixtures according to the invention may comprise one or more compounds of the compounds mentioned below.

[0611] The following abbreviations are used: (n, m, k and l are each independently an integer, preferably 1 to 9, preferably 1 to 7; k and l may be 0, preferably 0 to 4, more preferably 0 or 2, most preferably 2; n is preferably 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; in the combination "-nO-", it is preferably 1, 2, 3 or 4, more preferably 2 or 4; m is preferably 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; in the combination "-Om", it is preferably 1, 2, 3 or 4, more preferably 2 or 4. The combination "-lVm" is preferably "2V1".)

[0612] In Table B, n, m, k and l are each independently an integer, preferably 1 to 9, preferably 1 to 7, and k and l may be 0, preferably 0 to 4, more preferably 0 or 2, most preferably 2; n is preferably 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; in the combination "-nO-", it is preferably 1, 2, 3 or 4, more preferably 2 or 4; m is preferably 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; and in the combination "-Om", m is preferably 1, 2, 3 or 4, more preferably 2 or 4. The combination "-lVm" is preferably "2V1". (O)Cm H 2m+1 is C m H 2m+1 or O.C. m H 2m+1 means.

[0613] [Table 7]

[0614] [Table 8]

[0615] [Table 9]

[0616] [Table 10]

[0617] [Table 11]

[0618] [Table 12]

[0619] [Table 13]

[0620] [Table 14]

[0621] [Table 15]

[0622] Table 16

[0623] Table 17

[0624] Table 18

[0625] Table 19

[0626] Table 20

[0627] Table 21

[0628] Table 22

[0629] Table 23

[0630] Table 24

[0631] Table 25

[0632] Table 26

[0633] [Table 27]

[0634] [Table 28]

[0635] [Table 29]

[0636] [Table 30]

[0637] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the compounds of Table B.

[0638] Table C lists possible chiral dopants which can be added to the LC media according to the invention.

[0639] [Table 31]

[0640] [Table 32]

[0641] The LC media preferably comprise from 0 to 10% by weight, in particular from 0.01 to 5% by weight, particularly preferably from 0.1 to 3% by weight, of dopants. The LC media preferably comprise one or more dopants selected from the group consisting of the compounds of Table C.

[0642] Table D shows possible stabilizers that can be added to the LC media according to the invention, where n represents an integer from 1 to 12, preferably 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, and where no terminal methyl group is shown.

[0643] [Table 33]

[0644] [Table 34]

[0645] [Table 35]

[0646] [Table 36]

[0647] [Table 37]

[0648] [Table 38]

[0649] [Table 39]

[0650] The LC medium preferably comprises 0 to 10% by weight, in particular 1 ppm to 5% by weight, particularly preferably 1 ppm to 1% by weight, of stabilizers. The LC medium preferably comprises one or more stabilizers selected from the group consisting of the compounds of Table D.

[0651] Table E shows exemplary reactive mesogenic compounds which may be used in the LC media according to the present invention.

[0652] Table 40

[0653] Table 41

[0654] Table 42

[0655] Table 43

[0656] Table 44

[0657] Table 45

[0658] Table 46

[0659] Table 47

[0660] Table 48

[0661] Table 49

[0662] Table 50

[0663] Table 51

[0664] Table 52

[0665] Table 53

[0666] Table 54

[0667] Table 55

[0668] Table 56

[0669] Table 57

[0670] Table 58

[0671] Table 59

[0672] In a preferred embodiment, the mixture according to the invention comprises one or more polymerizable compounds, preferably selected from the polymerizable compounds of the formulae RM-1 to RM-182. Among these, compounds RM-1, RM-4, RM-8, RM-17, RM-19, RM-35, RM-37, RM-39, RM-40, RM-41, RM-48 , RM-52, RM-54, RM-57, RM-58, RM-64, RM-74, RM-76, RM-88, RM-91, RM-102, RM-103, RM-1 09, RM-116, RM-117, RM-120, RM-121, RM-122, RM-139, RM-140, RM-142, RM-143, RM-145 , RM-146, RM-147, RM-149, RM-156 to RM-163, RM-169, RM-170 and RM-171 to RM-183 are particularly preferred. [Example]

[0673] The present invention will now be described in detail by the following non-limiting examples.

[0674] The following abbreviations and symbols are used: V0 is the capacitance threshold voltage [V] at 20°C. n e is the extraordinary refractive index at 20°C and 589 nm, n0 is the normal refractive index at 20°C and 589 nm; Δn is the optical anisotropy at 20°C and 589 nm; ε ⊥ is the dielectric constant perpendicular to the director at 20°C and 1 kHz, ε ∥ is the dielectric constant parallel to the director at 20°C and 1 kHz, Δε is the dielectric anisotropy at 20°C and 1 kHz; cl.p., T(N,I) is the clearing point [℃], γ1 is the rotational viscosity at 20°C [mPa·s], K1 is the elastic constant for "splay" deformation at 20°C [pN]. K2 is the elastic constant for "twist" deformation at 20°C [pN], K3 is the elastic constant for "bend" deformation at 20°C [pN], K avg is the average elastic constant [pN] at 20°C, and in this specification

number

[0675] Unless expressly stated otherwise, all concentrations in this application are quoted in weight percent and refer to the corresponding mixture as a whole, consisting of all solid or liquid crystal components, excluding solvent.

[0676] Unless explicitly stated otherwise, all temperature values ​​given in this application, such as the melting point T(C,N), the smectic (S) to nematic (N) phase transition T(S,N), and the clearing point T(N,I), are quoted in degrees Celsius (°C). Mp is the melting point, cl.p. is the clearing point. Furthermore, C is the crystalline state, N is the nematic phase, S is the smectic phase, and I is the isotropic phase. The data between these symbols represent the transition temperatures.

[0677] All physical properties are or have been determined according to "Merck Liquid Crystals, Physical Properties of Liquid Crystals", November 1997, Merck, Germany, and apply for a temperature of 20°C, with Δn being determined at 589 nm and Δε at 1 kHz unless expressly indicated otherwise in each case.

[0678] The term "threshold voltage" for the present invention relates to the capacitive threshold (V), also known as the Freederickss threshold, unless otherwise specified. Also, in the examples, and as is generally usual, the threshold voltage is the 10% relative contrast (V 10 ) may also be given as the optical threshold.

[0679] Unless otherwise stated, the polymerization process of the polymerizable compounds in the PSA displays as described above and below is carried out at a temperature at which the LC medium exhibits a liquid crystal phase, preferably a nematic phase, and most preferably at room temperature.

[0680] Unless otherwise stated, the preparation of the test cells and the measurement of their electro-optical and other properties are carried out as or similar to those described hereinafter.

[0681] The display used to measure the capacitive threshold voltage consists of two plane-parallel glass outer plates spaced 25 μm apart, each with an electrode layer on the inside and an unrubbed polyimide alignment layer on top that provides homeotropic alignment of the liquid crystal molecules.

[0682] The transmittance measurements are performed in a test cell with a fishbone electrode layout (Merck, Japan; 1 pixel fishbone electrode (ITO, 10 × 10 mm, 47.7° fishbone angle with 3 μm line / 3 μm space), 3.2 μm cell gap, AF glass, tilt angle 1°).

[0683] The storage stability (LTS) in bulk of the media according to the present invention at a given temperature T bulk ) is determined by visual inspection. 2 g of the target medium is filled into a sealed glass container (bottle) of appropriate size and placed in a refrigerator at a predetermined temperature. The bottles are checked at defined time intervals for the occurrence of smectic phases or crystallization. For every material and each temperature, two bottles are stored. If crystallization or the appearance of smectic phases is observed in at least one of the two corresponding bottles, the test is terminated and the time of the last inspection before the occurrence of higher-order phases is observed is recorded as the respective storage stability.

[0684] <Mixture example> The amounts in the table are given in weight percent.

[0685] <Mixture example M1>

[0686] [Table 60]

[0687] To the mixture M1 is added 400 ppm of stabilizer ST-3b-1.

[0688] [ka]

[0689] <Mixture example M2>

[0690] [Table 61]

[0691] To mixture M2 is added 400 ppm of stabilizer ST-3b-1.

[0692] <Mixture example M3>

[0693] [Table 62]

[0694] To mixture M3 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[0695] [ka]

[0696] <Mixture example M4>

[0697] [Table 63]

[0698] To mixture M4 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer S-2-1-1.

[0699] [ka]

[0700] <Mixture example M5>

[0701] [Table 64]

[0702] To mixture M5 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-8-1.

[0703] [ka]

[0704] <Mixture example M6>

[0705] [Table 65]

[0706] To mixture M6 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-9-1.

[0707] [ka]

[0708] <Mixture example M7>

[0709] [Table 66]

[0710] To mixture M7 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-12.

[0711] [ka]

[0712] <Mixture example M8>

[0713] [Table 67]

[0714] To the mixture M8 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3c is added.

[0715] [ka]

[0716] <Mixture example M9>

[0717] [Table 68]

[0718] To the mixture M9 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-3d.

[0719] [ka]

[0720] <Mixture example M10>

[0721] [Table 69]

[0722] To the mixture M10 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[0723] [ka]

[0724] <Mixture example M11>

[0725] [Table 70]

[0726] To mixture M11 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-7.

[0727] [ka]

[0728] <Mixture example M12>

[0729] [Table 71]

[0730] To the mixture M12 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-1.

[0731] [ka]

[0732] <Mixture example M13>

[0733] [Table 72]

[0734] To mixture M13 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer S-1-1-1.

[0735] [ka]

[0736] <Mixture example M14>

[0737] [Table 73]

[0738] To mixture M14 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer S-2-1-1.

[0739] <Mixture example M15>

[0740] [Table 74]

[0741] To the mixture M15 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-8-1.

[0742] <Mixture example M16>

[0743] [Table 75]

[0744] To the mixture M16 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-9-1.

[0745] <Mixture example M17>

[0746] [Table 76]

[0747] To the mixture M17 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-12.

[0748] <Mixture example M18>

[0749] [Table 77]

[0750] To mixture M18 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer S-3c.

[0751] <Mixture example M19>

[0752] [Table 78]

[0753] To the mixture M19 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-3d.

[0754] <Mixture example M20>

[0755] [Table 79]

[0756] To the mixture M20 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[0757] <Mixture example M21>

[0758] [Table 80]

[0759] To mixture M21 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[0760] <Mixture example M22>

[0761] [Table 81]

[0762] To mixture M22 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-3b-1.

[0763] <Mixture example M23>

[0764] [Table 82]

[0765] To mixture M23 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2 and 500 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[0766] <Mixture example M24>

[0767] [Table 83]

[0768] To the mixture M24 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer S-2-1-1.

[0769] <Mixture example M25>

[0770] [Table 84]

[0771] To mixture M25 are added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-1, 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2 and 300 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[0772] <Mixture example M26>

[0773] [Table 85]

[0774] To the mixture M26 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-9-1.

[0775] <Mixture example M27>

[0776] [Table 86]

[0777] To the mixture M27 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-12.

[0778] <Mixture example M28>

[0779] [Table 87]

[0780] To the mixture M28 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3c.

[0781] <Mixture example M29>

[0782] [Table 88]

[0783] To the mixture M29 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-3d.

[0784] <Mixture example M30>

[0785] [Table 89]

[0786] To the mixture M30 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[0787] <Mixture example M31>

[0788] [Table 90]

[0789] To mixture M31 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[0790] <Mixture example M32>

[0791] [Table 91]

[0792] To mixture M32 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-3b-1.

[0793] <Mixture example M33>

[0794] [Table 92]

[0795] To mixture M33 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer S-1-1-1.

[0796] <Mixture example M34>

[0797] [Table 93]

[0798] To mixture M34 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2 and 500 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[0799] <Mixture example M35>

[0800] [Table 94]

[0801] To the mixture M35 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-8-1.

[0802] <Mixture example M36>

[0803] [Table 95]

[0804] To the mixture M36 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-9-1.

[0805] <Mixture example M37>

[0806] [Table 96]

[0807] To the mixture M37 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-12.

[0808] <Mixture example M38>

[0809] [Table 97]

[0810] To mixture M38 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-1, 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2 and 300 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[0811] <Mixture example M39>

[0812] [Table 98]

[0813] To the mixture M39 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-3d.

[0814] <Mixture example M40>

[0815] [Table 99]

[0816] To the mixture M40 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[0817] <Mixture example M41>

[0818] [Table 100]

[0819] To the mixture M41 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[0820] <Mixture example M42>

[0821] [Table 101]

[0822] To the mixture M42 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-3b-1.

[0823] <Mixture example M43>

[0824] [Table 102]

[0825] To the mixture M43 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer S-1-1-1.

[0826] <Mixture example M44>

[0827] [Table 103]

[0828] To the mixture M44 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer S-2-1-1.

[0829] <Mixture example M45>

[0830] [Table 104]

[0831] To the mixture M45 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2 and 500 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[0832] <Mixture example M46>

[0833] [Table 105]

[0834] To the mixture M46 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-9-1.

[0835] <Mixture example M47>

[0836] [Table 106]

[0837] To the mixture M47 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-12.

[0838] <Mixture example M48>

[0839] [Table 107]

[0840] To the mixture M48 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3c is added.

[0841] <Mixture example M49>

[0842] [Table 108]

[0843] To the mixture M49 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-3d.

[0844] <Mixture example M50>

[0845] [Table 109]

[0846] To the mixture M50 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2 is added.

[0847] <Mixture example M51>

[0848] [Table 110]

[0849] To the mixture M51 are added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-1, 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2 and 300 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[0850] <Mixture example M52>

[0851] [Table 111]

[0852] To the mixture M52 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-3b-1.

[0853] <Mixture example M53>

[0854] [Table 112]

[0855] To the mixture M53 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer S-1-1-1.

[0856] <Mixture example M54>

[0857] [Table 113]

[0858] To the mixture M54 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer S-2-1-1.

[0859] <Mixture example M55>

[0860] [Table 114]

[0861] To the mixture M55 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-8-1.

[0862] <Mixture example M56>

[0863] [Table 115]

[0864] To the mixture M56 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2 and 500 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[0865] <Mixture example M57>

[0866] [Table 116]

[0867] To the mixture M57 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-12.

[0868] <Mixture example M58>

[0869] [Table 117]

[0870] To the mixture M58 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3c.

[0871] <Mixture example M59>

[0872] [Table 118]

[0873] To the mixture M59 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-3d.

[0874] <Mixture example M60>

[0875] [Table 119]

[0876] To the mixture M60 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[0877] <Mixture example M61>

[0878] [Table 120]

[0879] To the mixture M61 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[0880] <Mixture example M62>

[0881] [Table 121]

[0882] To the mixture M62 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-3b-1.

[0883] <Mixture example M63>

[0884] [Table 122]

[0885] To the mixture M63 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer S-1-1-1.

[0886] <Mixture example M64>

[0887] [Table 123]

[0888] To the mixture M64 are added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-1, 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2 and 300 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[0889] <Mixture example M65>

[0890] [Table 124]

[0891] To the mixture M65 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-8-1.

[0892] <Mixture example M66>

[0893] [Table 125]

[0894] To the mixture M66 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-9-1.

[0895] <Mixture example M67>

[0896] [Table 126]

[0897] To the mixture M67 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2 and 500 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[0898] <Mixture example M68>

[0899] [Table 127]

[0900] To the mixture M68 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3c.

[0901] <Mixture example M69>

[0902] [Table 128]

[0903] To the mixture M69 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-3d.

[0904] <Mixture example M70>

[0905] [Table 129]

[0906] To the mixture M70 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[0907] <Mixture example M71>

[0908] [Table 130]

[0909] To the mixture M71 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[0910] <Mixture example M72>

[0911] [Table 131]

[0912] To the mixture M72 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-3b-1.

[0913] <Mixture example M73>

[0914] [Table 132]

[0915] To the mixture M73 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer S-1-1-1.

[0916] <Mixture example M74>

[0917] [Table 133]

[0918] To the mixture M74 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer S-2-1-1.

[0919] <Mixture example M75>

[0920] [Table 134]

[0921] To the mixture M75 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-8-1.

[0922] <Mixture example M76>

[0923] [Table 135]

[0924] However, B(S)-4O-O1(c5) is below.

[0925] [ka]

[0926] To the mixture M76 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-9-1.

[0927] <Mixture example M77>

[0928] [Table 136]

[0929] However, B(S)-2O-O1(c5) is below.

[0930] [ka]

[0931] To the mixture M77 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-12.

[0932] <Mixture example M78>

[0933] [Table 137]

[0934] However, B(S)-1V1O-O1(c5) is below.

[0935] [ka]

[0936] To the mixture M78 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3c.

[0937] <Mixture example M79>

[0938] [Table 138]

[0939] To the mixture M79 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-1, 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2 and 300 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[0940] <Mixture example M80>

[0941] [Table 139]

[0942] To the mixture M80 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[0943] <Mixture example M81>

[0944] [Table 140]

[0945] To the mixture M81 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[0946] <Mixture example M82>

[0947] [Table 141]

[0948] To the mixture M82 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-3b-1.

[0949] <Mixture example M83>

[0950] [Table 142]

[0951] To the mixture M83 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer S-1-1-1.

[0952] <Mixture example M84>

[0953] [Table 143]

[0954] However, LY-(c5)-O2 is below.

[0955] [ka]

[0956] To the mixture M84 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer S-2-1-1.

[0957] <Mixture example M85>

[0958] [Table 144]

[0959] To the mixture M85 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-8-1.

[0960] <Mixture example M86>

[0961] [Table 145]

[0962] To the mixture M86 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-9-1.

[0963] <Mixture example M87>

[0964] [Table 146]

[0965] To the mixture M87 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-12.

[0966] <Mixture example M88>

[0967] [Table 147]

[0968] To the mixture M88 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3c is added.

[0969] <Mixture example M89>

[0970] [Table 148]

[0971] To the mixture M89 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-3d.

[0972] <Mixture example M90>

[0973] [Table 149]

[0974] To the mixture M90 ​​is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[0975] <Mixture example M91>

[0976] [Table 150]

[0977] To the mixture M91 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[0978] <Mixture example M92>

[0979] [Table 151]

[0980] To the mixture M92 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-3b-1.

[0981] <Mixture example M93>

[0982] [Table 152]

[0983] To the mixture M93 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer S-1-1-1.

[0984] <Mixture example M94>

[0985] [Table 153]

[0986] To the mixture M94 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer S-2-1-1.

[0987] <Mixture example M95>

[0988] [Table 154]

[0989] To the mixture M95 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-8-1.

[0990] <Mixture example M96>

[0991] [Table 155]

[0992] To the mixture M96 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-9-1.

[0993] <Mixture example M97>

[0994] [Table 156]

[0995] To the mixture M97 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-12.

[0996] <Mixture example M98>

[0997] [Table 157]

[0998] To the mixture M98 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3c.

[0999] <Mixture example M99>

[1000] [Table 158]

[1001] To the mixture M99 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-3d.

[1002] <Mixture example M100>

[1003] [Table 159]

[1004] To the mixture M100 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[1005] <Mixture example M101>

[1006] [Table 160]

[1007] To the mixture M101 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[1008] <Mixture example M102>

[1009] [Table 161]

[1010] To the mixture M102 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-3b-1.

[1011] <Mixture example M103>

[1012] [Table 162]

[1013] To the mixture M103 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer S-1-1-1.

[1014] <Mixture example M104>

[1015] [Table 163]

[1016] To the mixture M104 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer S-2-1-1.

[1017] <Mixture example M105>

[1018] [Table 164]

[1019] To the mixture M105 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-8-1.

[1020] <Mixture example M106>

[1021] [Table 165]

[1022] To the mixture M106 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-9-1.

[1023] <Mixture example M107>

[1024] [Table 166]

[1025] To the mixture M107 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-12.

[1026] <Mixture example M108>

[1027] [Table 167]

[1028] To the mixture M108 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3c.

[1029] <Mixture example M109>

[1030] [Table 168]

[1031] To the mixture M109 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-3d.

[1032] <Mixture example M110>

[1033] [Table 169]

[1034] To the mixture M110 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[1035] <Mixture example M111>

[1036] [Table 170]

[1037] To the mixture M111 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[1038] <Mixture example M112>

[1039] [Table 171]

[1040] To the mixture M112 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-3b-1.

[1041] <Mixture example M113>

[1042] [Table 172]

[1043] To the mixture M113 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer S-1-1-1.

[1044] <Mixture example M114>

[1045] [Table 173]

[1046] To the mixture M114 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer S-2-1-1.

[1047] <Mixture example M115>

[1048] [Table 174]

[1049] To the mixture M115 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-8-1.

[1050] <Mixture example M116>

[1051] [Table 175]

[1052] To the mixture M116 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-9-1.

[1053] <Mixture example M117>

[1054] [Table 176]

[1055] To the mixture M117 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-12.

[1056] <Mixture example M118>

[1057] [Table 177]

[1058] To the mixture M118 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3c.

[1059] <Mixture example M119>

[1060] [Table 178]

[1061] To the mixture M119 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-3d.

[1062] <Mixture example M120>

[1063] [Table 179]

[1064] To the mixture M120 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[1065] <Mixture example M121>

[1066] [Table 180]

[1067] To the mixture M121 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[1068] <Mixture example M122>

[1069] [Table 181]

[1070] To the mixture M122 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-3b-1.

[1071] <Mixture example M123>

[1072] [Table 182]

[1073] To the mixture M123 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer S-1-1-1.

[1074] <Mixture example M124>

[1075] [Table 183]

[1076] However, CCD-(c5)-3 is below.

[1077] [ka]

[1078] To the mixture M124 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer S-2-1-1.

[1079] <Mixture example M125>

[1080] [Table 184]

[1081] However, CCA-(c5)-3 is below.

[1082] [ka]

[1083] To the mixture M125 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-8-1.

[1084] <Mixture example M126>

[1085] [Table 185]

[1086] However, B(S)-2O-O1(c3) is below.

[1087] [ka]

[1088] To the mixture M126 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer S-2-1-1.

[1089] <Mixture example M127>

[1090] [Table 186]

[1091] However, B(S)-2O-O1(c4) is below.

[1092] [ka]

[1093] To the mixture M127 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2 and 500 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[1094] <Mixture example M128>

[1095] [Table 187]

[1096] To the mixture M128 are added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-1, 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2 and 300 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[1097] <Mixture example M129>

[1098] [Table 188]

[1099] To the mixture M129 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-3d.

[1100] <Mixture example M130>

[1101] [Table 189]

[1102] To the mixture M130 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[1103] <Mixture example M131>

[1104] [Table 190]

[1105] To the mixture M131 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[1106] <Mixture example M132>

[1107] [Table 191]

[1108] To the mixture M132 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-3b-1.

[1109] <Mixture example M133>

[1110] [Table 192]

[1111] To the mixture M133 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer S-1-1-1.

[1112] <Mixture example M134>

[1113] [Table 193]

[1114] To the mixture M134 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2 and 500 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[1115] <Mixture example M135>

[1116] [Table 194]

[1117] To the mixture M135 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-8-1.

[1118] <Mixture example M136>

[1119] [Table 195]

[1120] To the mixture M136 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-9-1.

[1121] <Mixture example M137>

[1122] [Table 196]

[1123] To the mixture M137 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-12.

[1124] <Mixture example M138>

[1125] [Table 197]

[1126] To the mixture M138 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-1, 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2 and 300 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[1127] <Mixture example M139>

[1128] [Table 198]

[1129] To the mixture M139 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-3d.

[1130] <Mixture example M140>

[1131] [Table 199]

[1132] To the mixture M140 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[1133] <Mixture example M141>

[1134] [Table 200]

[1135] To the mixture M141 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[1136] <Mixture example M142>

[1137] [Table 201]

[1138] To the mixture M142 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-3b-1.

[1139] <Mixture example M143>

[1140] [Table 202]

[1141] To the mixture M143 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer S-1-1-1.

[1142] <Mixture example M144>

[1143] [Table 203]

[1144] To the mixture M144 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer S-2-1-1.

[1145] <Mixture example M145>

[1146] [Table 204]

[1147] To the mixture M145 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2 and 500 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[1148] <Mixture example M146>

[1149] [Table 205]

[1150] To the mixture M146 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-9-1.

[1151] <Mixture example M147>

[1152] [Table 206]

[1153] To the mixture M147 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2 and 500 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[1154] <Mixture example M148> A polymerizable mixture is prepared by adding 0.3% of polymerizable compound RM-1 to Example Mixture M1.

[1155] [ka] <Mixture example M149> A polymerizable mixture is prepared by adding 0.3% of polymerizable compound RM-17 to Example Mixture M2.

[1156] [ka] <Mixture example M150> A polymerizable mixture is prepared by adding 0.3% of polymerizable compound RM-19 to Example Mixture M3.

[1157] [ka] <Mixture example M151> A polymerizable mixture is prepared by adding 0.3% of polymerizable compound RM-35 to the example mixture M4.

[1158] [ka] <Mixture example M152> A polymerizable mixture is prepared by adding 0.4% of polymerizable compound RM-64 to Example Mixture M5.

[1159] [ka] <Mixture example M153> A polymerizable mixture is prepared by adding 0.3% of polymerizable compound RM-171 to the example mixture M6.

[1160] [ka] <Mixture example M154> A polymerizable mixture is prepared by adding 0.3% of polymerizable compound RM-172 to the example mixture M7.

[1161] [ka]

[1162] <Mixture example M155>

[1163] [Table 207]

[1164] To 99.96% by weight of the mixture M155 is added 0.04% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3b-1.

[1165] <Mixture example M156>

[1166] [Table 208]

[1167] To 99.96% by weight of the mixture M156, 0.04% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3b-1 is added.

[1168] <Mixture example M157>

[1169] [Table 209]

[1170] To 99.96% by weight of the mixture M157 is added 0.04% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3b-1.

[1171] <Mixture example M158>

[1172] [Table 210]

[1173] To 99.96% by weight of the mixture M158 is added 0.04% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3b-1.

[1174] <Mixture example M159>

[1175] [Table 211]

[1176] To 99.96% by weight of the mixture M159 is added 0.04% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3b-1.

[1177] <Mixture example M160>

[1178] [Table 212]

[1179] To 99.96% by weight of the mixture M160, 0.04% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3b-1 is added.

[1180] <Mixture example M161>

[1181] [Table 213]

[1182] To 99.96% by weight of mixture M161 is added 0.04% by weight of stabilizer ST-3b-1.

[1183] <Mixture example M162>

[1184] [Table 214]

[1185] To 99.96% by weight of the mixture M162, 0.04% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3b-1 is added.

[1186] <Mixture example M163>

[1187] [Table 215]

[1188] To 99.96% by weight of the mixture M163, 0.04% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3b-1 is added.

[1189] <Mixture example M164>

[1190] [Table 216]

[1191] To 99.96% by weight of the mixture M164, 0.04% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3b-1 is added.

[1192] <Mixture example M165>

[1193] [Table 217]

[1194] To 99.96% by weight of the mixture M165, 0.04% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3b-1 is added.

[1195] <Mixture example M166>

[1196] [Table 218]

[1197] To 99.96% by weight of the mixture M166, 0.04% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3b-1 is added.

[1198] <Mixture example M167>

[1199] [Table 219]

[1200] To 99.96% by weight of the mixture M167, 0.04% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3b-1 is added.

[1201] <Mixture example M168>

[1202] [Table 220]

[1203] To 99.96% by weight of the mixture M168, 0.04% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3b-1 is added.

[1204] <Mixture example M169>

[1205] [Table 221]

[1206] To 99.965% by weight of the mixture M169, 0.035% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3a-1 is added.

[1207] <Mixture example M170>

[1208] [Table 222]

[1209] To 99.965% by weight of the mixture M170, 0.035% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3a-1 is added.

[1210] <Mixture example M171>

[1211] [Table 223]

[1212] To 99.965% by weight of the mixture M171, 0.035% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3a-1 is added.

[1213] <Mixture example M172>

[1214] [Table 224]

[1215] To 99.965% by weight of the mixture M172, 0.035% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3a-1 is added.

[1216] <Mixture example M173>

[1217] [Table 225]

[1218] To the mixture M173 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-1, 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2 and 300 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[1219] <Mixture example M174>

[1220] [Table 226]

[1221] To the mixture M174 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer S-2-1-1.

[1222] <Mixture example M175>

[1223] [Table 227]

[1224] To the mixture M175 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer S-1-1-1.

[1225] <Mixture example M176>

[1226] [Table 228]

[1227] To the mixture M176 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[1228] <Mixture example M177>

[1229] [Table 229]

[1230] To the mixture M177 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-1, 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2 and 300 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[1231] <Mixture example M178>

[1232] [Table 230]

[1233] To the mixture M178 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer S-2-1-1.

[1234] <Mixture example M179>

[1235] [Table 231]

[1236] To the mixture M179 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-8-1.

[1237] <Mixture example M180>

[1238] [Table 232]

[1239] To 99.96% by weight of the mixture M180, 0.04% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3b-1 is added.

[1240] <Mixture example M181>

[1241] [Table 233]

[1242] To the mixture M181 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[1243] <Mixture example M182>

[1244] [Table 234]

[1245] To the mixture M182 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer S-2-1-1.

[1246] <Mixture example M183>

[1247] [Table 235]

[1248] To the mixture M183 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer S-1-1-1.

[1249] <Mixture example M184>

[1250] [Table 236]

[1251] To the mixture M184 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-1, 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2 and 300 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[1252] <Mixture example M185>

[1253] [Table 237]

[1254] To the mixture M185 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-8-1.

[1255] <Mixture example M186>

[1256] [Table 238]

[1257] To the mixture M186 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[1258] <Mixture example M187>

[1259] [Table 239]

[1260] To the mixture M187 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer S-2-1-1.

[1261] <Mixture example M188>

[1262] [Table 240]

[1263] To the mixture M188 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-8-1.

[1264] <Mixture example M189>

[1265] [Table 241]

[1266] To the mixture M189 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[1267] <Mixture example M190>

[1268] [Table 242]

[1269] To the mixture M190 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer S-1-1-1.

[1270] <Mixture example M1191>

[1271] [Table 243]

[1272] To the mixture M191 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-1, 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2 and 300 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[1273] <Mixture example M192>

[1274] [Table 244]

[1275] To the mixture M192 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer S-2-1-1.

[1276] <Mixture example M193>

[1277] [Table 245]

[1278] To the mixture M193 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-8-1.

[1279] <Mixture example M194>

[1280] [Table 246]

[1281] To the mixture M194 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[1282] <Mixture example M195>

[1283] [Table 247]

[1284] To 99.96% by weight of the mixture M195 is added 0.04% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3b-1.

[1285] <Mixture example M196>

[1286] [Table 248]

[1287] To the mixture M196 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-8-1.

[1288] <Mixture example M197>

[1289] [Table 249]

[1290] To the mixture M197 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer S-2-1-1.

[1291] <Mixture example M198>

[1292] [Table 250]

[1293] To the mixture M198 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer S-1-1-1.

[1294] <Mixture example M199>

[1295] [Table 251]

[1296] To the mixture M199 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[1297] <Mixture example M200>

[1298] [Table 252]

[1299] To the mixture M200 are added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-1, 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2 and 300 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[1300] <Mixture example M201>

[1301] [Table 253]

[1302] To the mixture M201 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-8-1.

[1303] <Mixture example M202>

[1304] [Table 254]

[1305] To the mixture M202 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer S-2-1-1.

[1306] <Mixture example M203>

[1307] [Table 255]

[1308] To 99.96% by weight of the mixture M203, 0.04% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3b-1 is added.

[1309] <Mixture example M204>

[1310] [Table 256]

[1311] To 99.965% by weight of the mixture M204, 0.035% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3a-1 is added.

[1312] <Mixture example M205>

[1313] [Table 257]

[1314] To the mixture M205 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[1315] <Mixture example M206>

[1316] [Table 258]

[1317] To the mixture M206 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-8-1.

[1318] <Mixture example M207>

[1319] [Table 259]

[1320] To the mixture M207 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer S-1-1-1.

[1321] <Mixture example M208>

[1322] [Table 260]

[1323] To the mixture M208 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer S-2-1-1.

[1324] <Mixture example M209>

[1325] [Table 261]

[1326] To 99.96% by weight of the mixture M209, 0.04% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3b-1 is added.

[1327] <Mixture example M210>

[1328] [Table 262]

[1329] To the mixture M210 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-8-1.

[1330] <Mixture example M211>

[1331] [Table 263]

[1332] To the mixture M211 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[1333] <Mixture example M212>

[1334] [Table 264]

[1335] To the mixture M212 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer S-1-1-1.

[1336] <Mixture example M213>

[1337] [Table 265]

[1338] To 99.96% by weight of the mixture M213, 0.04% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3b-1 is added.

[1339] <Mixture example M214>

[1340] [Table 266]

[1341] To the mixture M214 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-1, 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2 and 300 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[1342] <Mixture example M215>

[1343] [Table 267]

[1344] To the mixture M215 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[1345] <Mixture example M216>

[1346] [Table 268]

[1347] To the mixture M216 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer S-2-1-1.

[1348] <Mixture example M217>

[1349] [Table 269]

[1350] To the mixture M217 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-8-1.

[1351] <Mixture example M218>

[1352] [Table 270]

[1353] To the mixture M218 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer S-1-1-1.

[1354] <Mixture example M219>

[1355] [Table 271]

[1356] To the mixture M219 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[1357] <Mixture example M220>

[1358] [Table 272]

[1359] To the mixture M220 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer S-2-1-1.

[1360] <Mixture example M221>

[1361] [Table 273]

[1362] To mixture M221 are added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-1, 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2 and 300 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[1363] <Mixture example M222>

[1364] [Table 274]

[1365] To the mixture M222 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-8-1.

[1366] <Mixture example M223>

[1367] [Table 275]

[1368] To the mixture M223 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[1369] <Mixture example M224>

[1370] [Table 276]

[1371] To the mixture M224 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer S-1-1-1.

[1372] <Mixture example M225>

[1373] [Table 277]

[1374] To 99.96% by weight of the mixture M255 is added 0.04% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3b-1.

[1375] <Mixture example M226>

[1376] [Table 278]

[1377] To the mixture M226 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer S-2-1-1.

[1378] <Mixture example M227>

[1379] [Table 279]

[1380] To the mixture M227 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[1381] <Mixture example M228>

[1382] [Table 280]

[1383] To the mixture M228 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer S-1-1-1.

[1384] <Mixture example M229>

[1385] [Table 281]

[1386] To the mixture M229 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer S-2-1-1.

[1387] <Mixture example M230>

[1388] [Table 282]

[1389] To the mixture M230 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[1390] <Mixture example M231>

[1391] [Table 283]

[1392] To the mixture M231 are added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-1, 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2 and 300 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[1393] <Mixture example M232>

[1394] [Table 284]

[1395] To 99.96% by weight of the mixture M232, 0.04% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3b-1 is added.

[1396] <Mixture example M233>

[1397] [Table 285]

[1398] However, CC-V-V1 is below.

[1399] [ka]

[1400] To 99.965% by weight of the mixture M233, 0.035% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3a-1 is added.

[1401] <Mixture example M234>

[1402] [Table 286]

[1403] However, CC-1-2V1 is below.

[1404] [ka]

[1405] To the mixture M234 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[1406] <Mixture example M235>

[1407] [Table 287]

[1408] To the mixture M235 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer S-2-1-1.

[1409] <Mixture example M236>

[1410] [Table 288]

[1411] However, CCP-1-2V1 is below.

[1412] [ka]

[1413] To the mixture M236 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-1, 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2 and 300 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[1414] <Mixture example M237>

[1415] [Table 289]

[1416] To 99.96% by weight of the mixture M237 is added 0.04% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3b-1.

[1417] <Mixture example M238>

[1418] [Table 290]

[1419] To 99.965% by weight of the mixture M238, 0.035% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3a-1 is added.

[1420] <Mixture example M239>

[1421] [Table 291]

[1422] To the mixture M239 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[1423] <Mixture example M240>

[1424] [Table 292]

[1425] To the mixture M240 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer S-2-1-1.

[1426] <Mixture example M241>

[1427] [Table 293]

[1428] To mixture M241 are added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-1, 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2 and 300 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[1429] <Mixture example M242>

[1430] [Table 294]

[1431] To the mixture M242 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[1432] <Mixture example M243>

[1433] [Table 295]

[1434] To 99.96% by weight of the mixture M243 is added 0.04% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3b-1.

[1435] <Mixture example M244>

[1436] [Table 296]

[1437] However, CCOY-3-O(c5) is below.

[1438] [ka]

[1439] To 99.965% by weight of the mixture M244, 0.035% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3a-1 is added.

[1440] <Mixture example M245>

[1441] [Table 297]

[1442] However, CCOY-3-O(c4) is below.

[1443] [ka]

[1444] To the mixture M245 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-8-1.

[1445] <Mixture example M246>

[1446] [Table 298]

[1447] However, CCOY-3-O(c3) is below.

[1448] [ka]

[1449] To the mixture M246 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer S-2-1-1.

[1450] <Mixture example M247>

[1451] [Table 299]

[1452] However, CLOY-(c5)-O2 is below.

[1453] [ka]

[1454] To the mixture M247 are added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-1, 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2 and 300 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[1455] <Mixture example M248>

[1456] [Table 300]

[1457] However, CLY-(c5)-O2 is below.

[1458] [ka]

[1459] To 99.96% by weight of the mixture M248, 0.04% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3b-1 is added.

[1460] <Mixture example M249>

[1461] [Table 301]

[1462] However, CPP-3-2V1 is below.

[1463] [ka]

[1464] To the mixture M249 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[1465] <Mixture example M250>

[1466] [Table 302]

[1467] To 99.965% by weight of the mixture M250, 0.035% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3a-1 is added.

[1468] <Mixture example M251>

[1469] [Table 303]

[1470] To the mixture M251 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer S-2-1-1.

[1471] <Mixture example M252>

[1472] [Table 304]

[1473] To the mixture M252 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-1, 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2 and 300 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[1474] <Mixture example M253>

[1475] [Table 305]

[1476] To 99.96% by weight of the mixture M253 is added 0.04% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3b-1.

[1477] <Mixture example M254>

[1478] [Table 306]

[1479] To the mixture M254 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[1480] <Mixture example M255>

[1481] [Table 307]

[1482] To 99.965% by weight of the mixture M255 is added 0.035% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[1483] <Mixture example M256>

[1484] [Table 308]

[1485] To the mixture M256 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer S-2-1-1.

[1486] <Mixture example M257>

[1487] [Table 309]

[1488] To the mixture M257 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-1, 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2 and 300 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[1489] <Mixture example M258>

[1490] [Table 310]

[1491] To 99.96% by weight of the mixture M258, 0.04% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3b-1 is added.

[1492] <Mixture example M259>

[1493] [Table 311]

[1494] To 99.965% by weight of the mixture M259, 0.035% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3a-1 is added.

[1495] <Mixture example M260>

[1496] [Table 312]

[1497] To the mixture M260 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2.

[1498] <Mixture example M261>

[1499] [Table 313]

[1500] However, B(S)-4O-O1(c5en) is below.

[1501] [ka]

[1502] To the mixture M261 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-1, 50 ppm of stabilizer ST-2a-2 and 300 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

[1503] <Mixture example M262>

[1504] [Table 314]

[1505] To the mixture M262 is added 50 ppm of stabilizer S-2-1-1.

[1506] <Mixture example M263>

[1507] [Table 315]

[1508] To 99.96% by weight of the mixture M263, 0.04% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3b-1 is added.

[1509] <Mixture example M264>

[1510] [Table 316]

[1511] To 99.965% by weight of the mixture M264, 0.035% by weight of the stabilizer ST-3a-1 is added.

[1512] <Mixture example M265>

[1513] [Table 317]

[1514] To the mixture M265 is added 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-8-1.

[1515] <Mixture example M266>

[1516] [Table 318]

[1517] To the mixture M266 is added 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1.

Claims

1. Liquid-crystalline medium comprising one or more compounds of the formula I. 【Chemical 1】 (In the formula, R １１ and R １２ are the same or different and represent H, linear alkyl or alkoxy having 1 to 15 C atoms, linear alkenyl or alkenyloxy having 2 to 15 C atoms, or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl or alkenyloxy having 3 to 15 C atoms, respectively, provided that in these groups one or more CH ２ The groups are each independently: 【Chemistry 2】 -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ -, -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO-, provided that one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen; n represents 0, 1 or 2; 【Chemistry 3】 each independently represents a group selected from the following formulas: 【Chemistry 4】 however 【Chemistry 5】 At least one of 【Chemistry 6】 and Z １１ and Z １２ are each independently a single bond, —CH ２ CH ２ -, -CH ２ -, -OCH ２ -, -CH ２ O-, -O-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ represents -, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF- or -C≡C-; If n is 2, two 【Chemistry 7】 may be the same or different from each other, and when n is 2, two Z １１ may be the same or different from each other.)

2. 2. Liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein the medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of the formulae IIA, IIB, IIC, IID, IIE and IIF 【Chemistry 8】 wherein the individual radicals, which are identical or different at each occurrence, each have the following meaning independently of one another: R ２１ and R ２２ each independently represent H, an alkyl, alkoxy or alkenyl group having up to 15 C atoms, which group is unsubstituted or is selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, CN or CF ３ and in addition, one or more CH ２ The group is -O-, -S-, -C≡C-, -CF so that O and / or S atoms are not directly linked to each other. ２ O-, -OCF ２ -, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, 【Chemistry 9】 may be replaced by L １ ~L ４ are each independently H, F, Cl, or CF ３ or CHF ２ where L １ ~L ４ At least two of the groups are F, Cl, or CF ３ or CHF ２ represents Y is H, F, Cl, CF ３ , CHF ２ or CH ３ represents Z ２ , Z ２ are each independently a single bond, —CH ２ CH ２ -, -CH=CH-, -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ -, -CH ２ O-, -OCH ２ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -C ２ F ４ -, -CF=CF-, -CH=CHCH ２ represents O, p represents 0, 1 or 2, and q represents 0 or 1; However, Formula IIC and Formula IIF are not identical.

3. 3. Liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein the medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the group of the compounds of the formula III and / or the formula IIIA and / or the formula BC and / or the formula PH-1 【Chemistry 10】 【Chemistry 11】 【Chemistry 12】 【Chemistry 13】 (In the ceremony R ３１ , R ３２ , R Ｂ１ , R Ｂ２ , R Ｐ１ and R Ｐ２ each independently represent H, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 15 C atoms, provided that one or more —CH ２ The - group is formed so that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other. 【Chemistry 14】 -C≡C-, -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ -, -CH=CH-, -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO-, in which one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen; A ３ occur independently of each other, a) a 1,4-cyclohexenylene or 1,4-cyclohexylene group, in which one or two non-adjacent CH ２ The group may be replaced by —O— or —S—; b) a 1,4-phenylene group, in which one or two CH groups may be replaced by N, or c) a group selected from the group consisting of spiro[3.3]heptane-2,6-diyl, piperidine-1,4-diyl, 1,4-bicyclo[2.2.2]octylene, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, phenanthrene-2,7-diyl, and fluorene-2,7-diyl. represents n represents 0, 1 or 2; Z ３ are each independently -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ -, -CH ２ O-, -OCH ２ -, -CH ２ -, -CH ２ CH ２ -, -(CH ２ ) ４ -, -CH=CH-CH ２ O-, -C ２ F ４ -, -CH ２ CF ２ -, -CF ２ CH ２ represents -, -CF=CF-, -CH=CF-, -CF=CH-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C- or a single bond, L ３１ and L ３２ are each independently F, Cl, CF ３ or CHF ２ represents, and Y １ , Y ２ , Y ３ , Y ４ are each independently H, F, Cl, CF ３ , CHF ２ , C.H. ３ or OCH ３ represents However, H may be replaced by deuterium.)

4. Liquid-crystalline medium according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of the formulae III-1, III-6 and / or IIIA-1 【Chemistry 15】 【Chemistry 16】 【Chemistry 17】 wherein the occurring groups have the same meanings as given in Formula III and Formula IIIA.

5. Liquid-crystalline medium according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the medium comprises one or more compounds of the formula IV 【Chemistry 18】 (In the formula, R ４１ is an unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms (provided that in these groups one or more -CH ２ The - group is formed so that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other. 【Chemistry 19】 -C≡C-, -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ -, -CH=CH-, -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO-, each of which may be replaced independently by one or more H atoms, and in such groups one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen), or an unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 7 C atoms, R ４２ represents an unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 7 C atoms, a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 6 C atoms, an unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1 to 6 C atoms, or an unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 7 C atoms.

6. Liquid-crystalline medium according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the medium comprises one or more compounds of the formula IVa 【Chemistry 20】 (In the formula, R ４１ and R ４２ each independently represent a linear alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkoxyalkyl or alkoxy group having up to 12 C atoms or a cyclic alkyl having 3 to 6 C atoms, 【Chemical 21】 represents Z ４ is a single bond, -CH ２ CH ２ -, -CH=CH-, -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ -, -CH ２ O-, -OCH ２ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -C ２ F ４ -, -C ４ H ８ - or -CF=CF-.)

7. Liquid-crystalline medium according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the medium comprises one or more compounds of the formula V 【Chemical 22】 (In the formula, R ５１ and R ５２ represent, independently of one another, H, an alkyl, alkoxy or alkenyl group having up to 15 C atoms, which group is unsubstituted or is F, Cl, CN or CF ３ or at least monosubstituted with halogen, provided that in addition, one or more CH ２ The groups are -O-, -S-, -C≡C-, and -CF so that the O atoms are not directly linked to each other. ２ O-, -OCF ２ -, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, 【Chemical 23】 may be replaced by 【Chemistry 24】 represents Z ５１ , Z ５２ are each independently —CH ２ -CH ２ -, -CH ２ -O-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -COO- or a single bond, preferably -CH ２ -CH ２ -, -CH ２ -O- or a single bond, particularly preferably a single bond, and n is 1 or 2; However, compounds of formula CL are excluded.

8. Liquid-crystalline medium according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the medium comprises one or more compounds of the formulae VI-1 to VI-21.

9. Liquid-crystalline medium according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the medium comprises one or more compounds of the formulae VII-1 to VII-9

10. Liquid-crystalline medium according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the medium comprises one or more compounds of the formulae CR and PH-2.

11. 11. Liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein the medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the following group of compounds: 【Chemistry 25】 【Chemical 26】 【Chemical 27】

12. 12. Liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein the medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the following group of compounds: 【Chemical Formula 28】 【Chemical Formula 29】 【Chemistry 30】 【Chemical 31】 【Chemical 32】

13. 13. Liquid-crystalline medium according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the medium additionally comprises one or more additives selected from the group consisting of stabilizers, dyes, chiral dopants, polymerization initiators and self-aligning additives.

14. Liquid crystal display comprising a liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. The display may be VA, IPS, FFS, PS-VA, PS-IPS, PS-FFS, UB-FFS or UV ２ 15. The display of claim 14, which is an A display.

16. 14. Process for preparing a liquid-crystalline medium according to any one of claims 1 to 13, comprising the step of mixing one or more compounds of formula I with one or more compounds of formula II, III and / or IIIA and optionally further LC compounds and / or additives.

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