Antistatic film, vehicle, and vehicle driving stabilization method

Abstract

To provide an antistatic film capable of stabilizing vehicle running while improving fuel efficiency by reducing air resistance on vehicle glass surfaces.SOLUTION: An antistatic film 1A is a film to be attached to the interior side of vehicle glass. The antistatic film includes a base material 10, and an antistatic laminate 20A laminated on one side of the base material 10. The antistatic laminate 20A has a silver alloy layer 30, and metal oxide layers 41 and 42 respectively placed on both sides of silver alloy layer 30. The metal oxide layers 41 and 42 are composed of tin-doped indium oxide or zinc-doped indium oxide.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an antistatic film, an automobile, and a method for stabilizing the running of an automobile. [Background technology]

[0002] In order to stabilize the running of an automobile and improve fuel efficiency, it is important to reduce air resistance. Known methods for reducing the air resistance of automobiles include embossing the surface of the car body with a scale-like or shark skin-like pattern (Patent Document 1) and preventing static buildup on the surface of the car body (Patent Documents 2 and 3). Patent Documents 2 and 3 disclose methods for preventing static buildup on the surface of a vehicle body, such as attaching aluminum tape or a fiber molding to the surface of the vehicle body. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-025149 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 6168157 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2020-165053 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, the embossed pattern described in Patent Document 1 cannot be applied to automotive glass that constitutes the windows of automobiles, because glass with an embossed surface reduces visibility. It is even more difficult to attach the aluminum tape or fiber molding described in Patent Documents 2 and 3 to window glass, because it completely blocks the view of the area where it is attached.

[0005] Furthermore, the methods of preventing static buildup on the surface of the vehicle body in Patent Documents 2 and 3 involve attaching aluminum tape or a fiber molding to the surface of the vehicle body, which has low durability against wind, rain, and washing of the vehicle body. The present invention has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide an antistatic film that can reduce the air resistance on the surface of automobile glass that constitutes an automobile window and is less likely to cause durability problems, and an automobile and a method for stabilizing the running of an automobile that use this antistatic film. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The present inventors have conducted extensive research to solve the above problems, and as a result have found that an antistatic film having an antistatic laminated portion, when attached to the interior side of an automobile glass, also exhibits an antistatic effect on the exterior side of the automobile glass that does not have such a film attached thereto, thereby stabilizing the running of the automobile and improving fuel economy. Furthermore, it was found that by forming the antistatic laminated portion into a laminate having a specific layer structure, not only can the antistatic effect be achieved, but also the effect of blocking heat rays (infrared rays) while allowing visible light to pass through. The present invention was completed through further investigation based on this finding, and employs the following configuration.

[0007] [1] A film to be attached to the interior side of an automobile glass, The antistatic laminated layer includes at least a substrate and an antistatic laminated layer laminated on one surface of the substrate, the antistatic laminated portion has at least one silver alloy layer and a metal oxide layer disposed on each of both sides of the silver alloy layer, 1. An antistatic film, wherein the metal oxide layer is composed of tin-doped indium oxide or zinc-doped indium oxide. [2] The antistatic film according to [1], wherein the antistatic laminate is a laminate in which a first metal oxide layer, a silver alloy layer, and a second metal oxide layer are laminated in this order from the substrate side. [3] The antistatic film according to [1], wherein the antistatic laminate is a laminate in which a first metal oxide layer, a first silver alloy layer, a second metal oxide layer, a second silver alloy layer, and a third metal oxide layer are laminated in this order from the substrate side. [4] The antistatic film according to any one of [1] to [3], further comprising a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer on one of the outermost surfaces. [5] An automobile characterized in that the antistatic film according to [4] is attached to the interior side of the automobile glass constituting any one or more windows. [6] A method for stabilizing the running of an automobile, comprising adhering the antistatic film described in [4] to the interior side of an automobile glass that constitutes one or more windows. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] The antistatic film of the present invention can reduce the air resistance of the surface of automobile glass that constitutes the window of an automobile. Moreover, since it is attached to the interior side of the automobile glass, durability problems are unlikely to occur. According to the present invention, an automobile using the antistatic film can reduce the air resistance of the automobile glass surface. According to the present invention, the method for stabilizing automobile running can stabilize the running of the automobile and improve fuel economy. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an antistatic film according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] 1 is a schematic partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing one aspect of an antistatic film according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a schematic partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing another aspect of the antistatic film according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an antistatic film according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an antistatic film according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6]1 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view showing the state in which the antistatic film of the present invention is attached to an automobile window. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a method for measuring the charge half-life. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] In this specification, a numerical range expressed using "to" means a range that includes the numerical values ​​before and after "to" as the lower and upper limits. In this specification, the term "geometric film thickness" has the same meaning as the commonly used term "film thickness," and refers to the physical thickness of a film.

[0011] In this specification, "visible light" refers to electromagnetic waves that can be perceived by the naked eye, and refers to electromagnetic waves with wavelengths of 380 to 780 nm. In this specification, the term "visible light transmittance" refers to the ratio of the transmitted radiant flux to the incident radiant flux of visible light that is incident perpendicularly to a glass surface. In this specification, the term "visible light reflectance" refers to the ratio of the reflected radiant flux to the incident radiant flux of visible light that is incident perpendicularly to a glass surface.

[0012] In this specification, "solar radiation" means direct solar radiation, that is, electromagnetic waves in the near ultraviolet, visible, and near infrared wavelength ranges (300 to 2500 nm) that pass through the atmosphere and reach the earth directly. In this specification, "solar radiation transmittance" refers to the transmittance measured for each wavelength of solar radiation, weighted by the proportion of solar radiation radiant energy reaching the ground surface, and indicates the proportion of solar radiation energy that is directly transmitted. In this specification, "solar reflectance" refers to the reflectance measured for each wavelength of solar radiation, weighted by the proportion of solar radiation radiant energy reaching the ground surface, and indicates the proportion of solar radiation energy that is directly reflected. In this specification, the term "heat-shielding performance" refers to the total solar transmittance, which is calculated from the values ​​of solar transmittance and solar reflectance.

[0013] <Anti-static film> [First embodiment] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an antistatic film 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The antistatic film 1 of this embodiment is composed of a substrate 10 and an antistatic laminate 20 laminated on one surface of the substrate 10.

[0014] The substrate 10 is a substrate for maintaining the shape of the antistatic film 1, and has the function of holding the antistatic laminated part 20. Therefore, the substrate 10 preferably has excellent mechanical strength, visible light transmittance, processability, etc. The substrate 10 is preferably made of a transparent resin that transmits visible light. Various resins can be used as the substrate 10, such as acrylic, polycarbonate, styrene, polyester, polyolefin, hydrogenated cyclic resin, fluorine, silicone, and urethane resins.

[0015] Among these resins, polyester resins such as uniaxially and biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate (PET) are preferred from the viewpoint of processability. By increasing the phase difference of stretched films to 7000 nm or more, rainbow (interference) unevenness that occurs when sunlight is reflected can be eliminated. The thickness of the substrate 10 depends on the mechanical properties of the resin, etc., but is preferably 8 to 800 μm, and more preferably 12 to 400 μm.

[0016] The antistatic laminate 20 is a layer that exhibits an antistatic function. Furthermore, the antistatic laminate 20 also exhibits the effect of blocking heat rays while transmitting visible light. The antistatic laminate 20 has at least one silver alloy layer and metal oxide layers disposed on both sides of the silver alloy layer.

[0017] The silver alloy layers constituting the antistatic laminate 20 are each made of a silver alloy. Examples of metals that form alloys with silver include Au, Pt, Pd, Cu, Ni, and Sn. Among these, an alloy of silver containing Pd is preferred in terms of durability. The silver alloy preferably contains 0.5 to 3 mass % of a metal that forms an alloy with silver, and more preferably 0.7 to 2 mass % of the metal, based on the total mass of the silver alloy. Silver alloys have excellent electrical conductivity, which makes them antistatic, and they are also capable of reflecting heat rays and far infrared rays.

[0018] The metal oxide layers constituting the antistatic laminate 20 are each composed of tin-doped indium oxide (indium-tin oxide, hereinafter referred to as "ITO") or zinc-doped indium oxide (indium-zinc oxide, hereinafter referred to as "IZO"). ITO and IZO are conductive and therefore exhibit antistatic effects. In addition, their high refractive index can enhance the visible light transmittance of the antistatic laminate 20. Furthermore, they have a fast film formation speed, which makes them suitable for mass production, and they also have excellent stability.

[0019] When the antistatic laminate 20 has only one silver alloy layer, it is made up of three layers: the single silver alloy layer and metal oxide layers disposed on both sides of the silver alloy layer. When the antistatic laminate 20 has two or more silver alloy layers, it is composed of the two or more silver alloy layers, the outermost layer adjacent to the substrate 10, the outermost layer farthest from the substrate 10, and metal oxide layers respectively disposed between each silver alloy layer.

[0020] FIG. 2 shows an antistatic film 1A having an antistatic laminate 20A with one silver alloy layer. The antistatic laminate 20A is a laminate in which a first metal oxide layer 41, a silver alloy layer 30, and a second metal oxide layer 42 are laminated in this order from the substrate 10 side. Specific preferred examples of the layer structure of the antistatic laminate 20A include a three-layer structure such as a laminate in which IZO / AgPd / IZO are laminated in this order, or a laminate in which ITO / AgPd / ITO are laminated in this order.

[0021] FIG. 3 shows an antistatic film 1B having an antistatic laminate 20B with two silver alloy layers. The antistatic laminate 20B is a laminate in which a first metal oxide layer 41, a first silver alloy layer 31, a second metal oxide layer 42, a second silver alloy layer 32, and a third metal oxide layer 43 are laminated in this order from the substrate 10 side. Preferred examples of the layer structure of the antistatic laminate 20B include a five-layer structure such as a laminate in which IZO / AgPd / IZO / AgPd / IZO are laminated in this order, or a laminate in which ITO / AgPd / ITO / AgPd / ITO are laminated in this order.

[0022] In the case of the antistatic laminate 20A having a single silver alloy layer, the geometric thickness of the silver alloy layer 30 is preferably 5 to 25 nm, more preferably 7 to 20 nm. When the geometric thickness of the silver alloy layer 30 is equal to or greater than the lower limit of the preferred range, the silver alloy layer 30 has high smoothness and excellent optical properties and durability. When the geometric thickness of the silver alloy layer 30 is equal to or less than the upper limit of the preferred range, the visible light transmittance can be increased.

[0023] In the case of the antistatic laminate 20A having a single silver alloy layer, the geometric thickness of each of the metal oxide layers, the first metal oxide layer 41 and the second metal oxide layer 42, is preferably 5 to 60 nm, and more preferably 7 to 50 nm. When the geometric thickness of each of the first metal oxide layer 41 and the second metal oxide layer 42 is at or above the lower limit of the preferred range, durability and optical properties are excellent. When the geometric thickness of each of the first metal oxide layer 41 and the second metal oxide layer 42 is at or below the upper limit of the preferred range, cracking during bending and costs can be suppressed. The geometric thicknesses of the first metal oxide layer 41 and the second metal oxide layer 42 may be different from each other in order to adjust the optical characteristics.

[0024] When there is one silver alloy layer, the total thickness of the antistatic laminated portion 20A is preferably 15 to 145 nm, more preferably 21 to 120 nm. When the total thickness of the antistatic laminate 20A is equal to or greater than the lower limit of the above-mentioned preferred range, the durability and optical properties are excellent. When the total thickness of the antistatic laminate 20A is equal to or less than the upper limit of the above-mentioned preferred range, the occurrence of cracks when folded and the cost can be suppressed.

[0025] In the case of the antistatic laminate 20B having two silver alloy layers, the geometric film thickness of the silver alloy layers, the first silver alloy layer 31 and the second silver alloy layer 32, is preferably 5 to 25 nm, more preferably 7 to 20 nm, and even more preferably 9 to 15 nm. When the geometric thickness of the first silver alloy layer 31 and the second silver alloy layer 32 is equal to or greater than the lower limit of the above-mentioned preferred range, durability and optical properties are excellent. When the geometric thickness of the first silver alloy layer 31 and the second silver alloy layer 32 is equal to or less than the upper limit of the above-mentioned preferred range, cracking when bent and costs can be suppressed. The geometric thicknesses of the first silver alloy layer 31 and the second silver alloy layer 32 may be different from each other in order to adjust the optical characteristics.

[0026] In the case of the antistatic laminate 20B having two silver alloy layers, the geometric film thickness of each of the metal oxide layers, the first metal oxide layer 41 and the third metal oxide layer 43, is preferably 5 to 60 nm, more preferably 7 to 50 nm, even more preferably 10 to 45 nm, and particularly preferably 15 to 30 nm.

[0027] When the geometric thickness of each of the first metal oxide layer 41 and the third metal oxide layer 43 is equal to or greater than the lower limit of the preferred range, durability and optical properties are excellent. When the geometric thickness of each of the first metal oxide layer 41 and the third metal oxide layer 43 is equal to or less than the upper limit of the preferred range, cracking during bending and costs can be suppressed. The geometric thicknesses of the first metal oxide layer 41 and the third metal oxide layer 43 may be different from each other in order to adjust the optical characteristics.

[0028] In the case of the antistatic laminate 20B having two silver alloy layers, the geometric thickness of the second metal oxide layer 42 is preferably 10 to 120 nm, more preferably 14 to 100 nm, even more preferably 20 to 90 nm, and particularly preferably 30 to 60 nm. When the geometric thickness of the second metal oxide layer 42 is equal to or greater than the lower limit of each of the preferred ranges, the durability and optical properties are excellent. When the geometric thickness of the second metal oxide layer 42 is equal to or less than the upper limit of each of the preferred ranges, the occurrence of cracks when bent and the cost can be suppressed.

[0029] When the silver alloy layer is two layers, the total thickness of the antistatic laminated portion 20B is preferably 30 to 290 nm, more preferably 42 to 240 nm. When the total thickness of the antistatic laminate 20B is equal to or greater than the lower limit of the preferred range, the antistatic laminate 20B has excellent durability and optical properties. When the total thickness of the antistatic laminate 20B is equal to or less than the upper limit of the preferred range, the occurrence of cracks when folded and the cost can be suppressed.

[0030] Between the substrate 10 and the antistatic laminated part 20, SiO x layer and TiO x Alternatively, a non-conductive layer such as a layer may be provided. x is preferably 1.8 to 2.0. The provision of the non-conductive layer suppresses deterioration of the metal layer in the antistatic laminate 20. This is believed to be due to the non-conductive layer's excellent barrier properties.

[0031] When a non-conductive layer is provided, its thickness is preferably 2 to 40 nm, more preferably 3 to 15 nm. When the thickness of the non-conductive layer is equal to or greater than the preferred lower limit, the effect of improving the adhesion between the substrate 10 and the antistatic laminate 20 is easily exhibited. Furthermore, when the thickness of the non-conductive layer is equal to or less than the preferred upper limit, problems such as cracking are less likely to occur when the antistatic film 1 is bent.

[0032] Furthermore, a top layer may be formed on the uppermost layer of the antistatic laminate 20 to improve durability and scratch resistance. The material for forming the top layer is preferably a material with good amorphous properties, such as amorphous oxides containing gallium, indium, or tin.

[0033] When a top layer is provided, its thickness is preferably 2 to 50 nm, more preferably 4 to 20 nm. By making the thickness of the top layer equal to or greater than the preferred lower limit, durability and scratch resistance are easily improved. Furthermore, by making the thickness of the top layer equal to or less than the preferred upper limit, it is advantageous in terms of cost.

[0034] [Second embodiment] 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an antistatic film 1C according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The antistatic film 1C of this embodiment is composed of a substrate 10, an antistatic laminate 20 laminated on one surface of the substrate 10, and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 50 laminated on the side of the antistatic laminate 20 opposite the substrate 10.

[0035] The substrate 10 is the same as the substrate 10 of the first embodiment, and the preferred aspects are also the same, so detailed description thereof will be omitted. The antistatic laminate 20 is equivalent to the antistatic laminate 20 of the first embodiment, and can be the antistatic laminate 20A shown in Fig. 2 or the antistatic laminate 20B shown in Fig. 3. Furthermore, since the preferred embodiments are also equivalent, detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0036] Examples of materials for the adhesive layer 50 include acrylic resin, urethane resin, olefin resin, silicone resin, etc. Among these, acrylic resin is preferred because of its excellent transparency and durability.

[0037] The thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 50 is preferably 5 to 30 μm, more preferably 7 to 20 μm. When the thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 50 is equal to or greater than the lower limit of the above-mentioned preferred range, air bubbles caused by foreign matter trapped during lamination can be reduced.When the thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 50 is equal to or less than the upper limit of the above-mentioned preferred range, distortion of the projected image when viewed from a distance can be reduced.

[0038] In order to protect the adhesive layer 50 until it is attached to the automobile glass, it is preferable to laminate a release sheet on the outside of the adhesive layer 50. Examples of the release sheet include PET films and polyolefin films coated with silicone or fluororesin, among which PET films coated with silicone or fluororesin are preferred because surface smoothness is important.

[0039] According to this embodiment, the antistatic film 1C can be attached to the automobile glass without the need to prepare a separate adhesive and apply it to the automobile glass. Furthermore, when attached to an automobile window, the substrate 10 becomes the outermost surface and the antistatic laminate 20 becomes the inside of the substrate 10, so that the antistatic laminate 20 is easily protected.

[0040] [Third embodiment] 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an antistatic film 1D according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The antistatic film 1D of this embodiment is composed of a substrate 10, an antistatic laminate 20 laminated on one surface of the substrate 10, and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 50 laminated on the side of the substrate 10 opposite the antistatic laminate 20.

[0041] The substrate 10 is the same as the substrate 10 of the first embodiment, and the preferred aspects are also the same, so detailed description thereof will be omitted. The antistatic laminate 20 is equivalent to the antistatic laminate 20 of the first embodiment, and can be the antistatic laminate 20A shown in Fig. 2 or the antistatic laminate 20B shown in Fig. 3. Furthermore, since the preferred embodiments are also equivalent, detailed description thereof will be omitted. The adhesive layer 50 is the same as the adhesive layer 50 of the second embodiment, and the preferred aspects are also the same, so detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0042] In this embodiment as well, it is preferable to laminate a release sheet on the outside of the adhesive layer 50 in order to protect the adhesive layer 50 until it is attached to the automobile glass. The release sheet may be the same as that used in the second embodiment. According to this embodiment, the antistatic film 1C can be attached to the automobile glass without the need to prepare a separate adhesive and apply it to the automobile glass.

[0043] [Optical properties] (Visible light transmittance) The antistatic film preferably transmits visible light with a wavelength of 380 to 780 nm. The visible light transmittance of the antistatic film is preferably 65% ​​or more, and more preferably 70% or more. A visible light transmittance of 70% or more provides a particularly excellent field of view. The visible light transmittance can be measured in accordance with JIS S3107 (2013).

[0044] The visible light transmittance can be adjusted by adjusting the material and thickness of each layer of the substrate 10 and antistatic laminate 20 that constitute the antistatic film. When the antistatic film has a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 50, it is preferable that the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 50 and the entire film have the above-mentioned preferred visible light transmittance.

[0045] (Visible light reflectance) The antistatic film preferably has a visible light reflectance of 15% or less, more preferably 12.5% ​​or less, and even more preferably 10% or less. When the visible light reflectance is 10% or less, the film has little metallic luster and has a particularly excellent appearance as a product. Visible light reflectance can be measured in accordance with JIS S3107 (2013). The visible light reflectance value can be adjusted by adjusting the material and thickness of each constituent layer, as in the case of the visible light transmittance described above.

[0046] (Hayes) The antistatic film preferably has a haze of 1.3 or less. A haze of 1.3 or less provides excellent visibility. The haze can be measured in accordance with JIS K7136 (2000). As with the visible light transmittance described above, the haze value can be adjusted by adjusting the material and thickness of each constituent layer. When the antistatic film has a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 50, it is preferable that the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 50 and the entire film have the above-mentioned preferred haze.

[0047] (Thermal insulation performance T ts ) As an index of the heat-shielding performance of the heat-shielding film 4, T ts Use T ts is measured in accordance with ISO13837:2008. ts The transmittance and reflectance spectra are measured using a spectrophotometer. ts is preferably 60% or less, more preferably 55% or less, and even more preferably 53% or less.

[0048] [Antistatic film manufacturing method] To produce an antistatic film, an antistatic laminate 20 is formed on a substrate 10. If necessary, a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 50 is formed on the antistatic laminate 20 or on the side of the substrate 10 opposite to the antistatic laminate 20. The antistatic laminate 20 is preferably formed by a gas phase method such as vacuum deposition, sputtering, or CVD. The adhesive layer 50 can be formed by applying an adhesive to a desired surface, or by laminating an adhesive layer that has been previously formed on a release sheet.

[0049] <Automotive glass with film> FIG. 6 shows a film-attached automobile glass 100 in which the antistatic film 1 of this embodiment is attached to an automobile glass 60. In the filmed automotive glass 100, the antistatic film 1 is attached to the interior surface 61 of the automotive glass 60.

[0050] The antistatic film 1 does not have to be attached to the entire surface of the indoor side surface 61, but may be attached to only a part of it. For example, the antistatic film 1 does not need to be attached to the portion hidden by the window frame.

[0051] By providing the antistatic film 1, the film-coated automotive glass 100 also suppresses static buildup on the exterior surface 62 to which the antistatic film 1 is not attached. Furthermore, by providing the antistatic film 1, the transmission of heat rays (infrared rays) is suppressed while allowing visible light to pass through. Furthermore, since the antistatic film 1 is attached to the interior side of the vehicle, there is no problem with durability due to wind and rain or washing of the vehicle body.

[0052] [Optical properties] (Visible light transmittance) The film-coated automotive glass 100 preferably transmits visible light with a wavelength of 380 to 780 nm. The visible light transmittance of the film-coated automotive glass 100 is preferably 65% ​​or more, and more preferably 70% or more. A visible light transmittance of 70% or more provides particularly excellent visibility. The visible light transmittance can be measured in accordance with JIS S3107 (2013).

[0053] The visible light transmittance can be adjusted by the material and thickness of the automotive glass 60, the material and thickness of the substrate 10 constituting the antistatic film, the material and thickness of each layer of the antistatic laminate 20, and the material and thickness of the adhesive layer (adhesive layer 50 which is part of the antistatic film 1 or an adhesive prepared separately when adhering the antistatic film 1 to the automotive glass 60).

[0054] (Visible light reflectance) The film-coated automotive glass 100 preferably has a visible light reflectance of 15% or less, more preferably 12.5% ​​or less, and even more preferably 10% or less. If the visible light reflectance is 10% or less, the metallic luster is reduced, resulting in a product with particularly excellent appearance. Visible light reflectance can be measured in accordance with JIS S3107 (2013). The visible light reflectance value can be adjusted by adjusting the material and thickness of each constituent layer, as in the case of the visible light transmittance described above.

[0055] (Hayes) The film-attached automotive glass 100 preferably has a haze of 1.3 or less. A haze of 1.3 or less provides particularly excellent visibility. Haze can be measured in accordance with JIS K7136 (2000). As with the visible light transmittance described above, the haze value can be adjusted by adjusting the material and thickness of each constituent layer.

[0056] (Thermal insulation performance T ts ) As an index of the heat-shielding performance of 100% film-coated automotive glass, T ts Use T ts is measured in accordance with ISO13837:2008. ts The transmittance and reflectance spectra are measured using a spectrophotometer. ts is preferably 60% or less, more preferably 55% or less, and even more preferably 51% or less.

[0057] <Automobiles and methods for stabilizing their running> The automobile of the present invention has the antistatic film of the present invention attached to the interior side of the automobile glass constituting any one or more windows. That is, one or more windows are configured with a film-coated automotive glass 100.

[0058] The window configured with the film-coated automotive glass 100 may be any of a front window, a rear window, a front door window, a rear door window, and a delta window. In particular, rear windows and rear door windows are suitable for use with the film-equipped automotive glass 100 because they do not affect the driver's field of vision. Also, rear windows and rear door windows are suitable for use with the film-equipped automotive glass 100 because the heat-shielding performance of a single pane of glass is insufficient.

[0059] In an automobile in which one or more windows are constructed with film-coated automotive glass 100, by attaching the antistatic film 1 to the interior side of the automotive glass, static electricity on the exterior side is suppressed while the automobile is traveling, thereby stabilizing driving and improving fuel economy. Furthermore, since the antistatic film 1 is attached to the interior side of the vehicle, there is no problem with durability due to wind and rain or washing of the vehicle body. [Example]

[0060] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following description. Unless otherwise specified, parts and % represent "parts by mass" and "% by mass", respectively.

[0061] <Measurement method> [Film thickness] In each example and comparative example, the film thickness was measured by preparing a sample for cross-sectional observation using a focused ion beam (FIB) and observing the cross-sectional image of the metal laminate portion using a transmission electron microscope (TEM, H-9500 manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation) at an accelerating voltage of 200 kV and a magnification of 1,000,000 times.

[0062] [Surface resistance] In each example and comparative example, the surface resistance was measured using a low resistivity meter (Loresta-GP MCP-T610 manufactured by Mitsubishi Analytech) and a high resistivity meter (Hiresta-UP MCP-HT450 manufactured by Mitsubishi Analytech). Surface resistance is 10 7For measurements below Ω / □, use a low resistivity meter and measure the surface resistance value of 10 7 A high resistivity meter was used for measurements above Ω / □.

[0063] <Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3> [Example 1] A first metal oxide layer 41, a first silver alloy layer 31, a second metal oxide layer 42, a second silver alloy layer 32, and a third metal oxide layer 43 were sequentially laminated by sputtering over one entire surface of a polyethylene terephthalate film (highly adhesive biaxially oriented PET film, Cosmoshine (registered trademark) A4360 manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., thickness 38 μm) used as a substrate, to form an antistatic laminate 20B consisting of five layers. The sputtering was performed under a vacuum of 0.4 Pa. The composition and thickness of each layer are as follows:

[0064] First metal oxide layer 41: ITO, 27 nm. First silver alloy layer 31: AgPd (silver alloy containing 1 atomic % of palladium), 10 nm. Second metal oxide layer 42: ITO, 55 nm. Second silver alloy layer 32: AgPd (silver alloy containing 1 atomic % of palladium), 10 nm. Third metal oxide layer 43: ITO, 27 nm.

[0065] The surface resistance value of the third metal oxide layer 43 was 4.1 Ω / □. An adhesive containing the following materials was further applied to the third metal oxide layer 43 to form an adhesive layer 50 having a thickness of 10 μm, thereby obtaining the antistatic film 1 of Example 1.

[0066] (Adhesive formulation) SK1429DT (acrylic adhesive, solid content 30% by mass) manufactured by Soken Chemical & Engineering Co., Ltd.: 100 parts by mass. Soken Kagaku Co., Ltd. AD-5A (aluminum complex curing agent, solid content 5% by mass): 3 parts by mass. BASF Tinuvin (registered trademark) 928 (benzotriazole-based ultraviolet absorber, solid content 100% by mass): 3 parts by mass

[0067] [Example 2] A first metal oxide layer 41, a silver alloy layer 30, and a second metal oxide layer 42 were sequentially laminated by sputtering over one entire surface of a polyethylene terephthalate film (highly adhesive biaxially oriented PET film, Cosmoshine A4360 manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., thickness 38 μm) used as a substrate, to form an antistatic laminate 20A consisting of three layers. The sputtering was performed under a vacuum of 0.4 Pa. The composition and thickness of each layer are as follows:

[0068] First metal oxide layer 41: ITO, 33 nm. Silver alloy layer 30: AgPd (silver alloy containing 1 atomic % of palladium), 9 nm. Second metal oxide layer 42: ITO, 33 nm.

[0069] The surface resistance value of the second metal oxide layer 42 was 8.7 Ω / □. An adhesive having the same composition as in Example 1 was further applied to this second metal oxide layer 42 to form an adhesive layer 50 having a thickness of 10 μm, thereby obtaining an antistatic film 1 of Example 2.

[0070] [Comparative Example 1] One surface of a polyethylene terephthalate film (highly adhesive biaxially oriented PET film, Cosmoshine A4360 manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., 38 μm thick) used as a substrate was entirely coated with Nagase ChemteX's Denatron® (a conductive coating based on an aqueous dispersion of PEDOT-PSS obtained by polymerizing 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) in the presence of polystyrene sulfonic acid) to form an antistatic layer consisting of a 0.06 μm thick PEDOT-PSS layer. The surface resistance of the PEDOT-PSS layer was 1.3 × 10 12 It was Ω / □. An adhesive having the same composition as in Example 1 was further applied to this PEDOT-PSS layer to form an adhesive layer 50 having a thickness of 10 μm, and an antistatic film 1 of Comparative Example 1 was obtained.

[0071] Comparative Example 2 An antistatic film 1 of Comparative Example 2 was obtained in the same manner as Comparative Example 1, except that the adhesive layer 50 was formed not on the PEDOT-PSS layer but on the side of the polyethylene terephthalate film opposite the PEDOT-PSS layer.

[0072] Comparative Example 3 One surface of a polyethylene terephthalate film (highly adhesive biaxially oriented PET film, Cosmoshine A4360 manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., thickness 38 μm) used as a substrate was entirely coated with Nagase ChemteX's Denatron (registered trademark) Type-C (a conductive coating based on an aqueous dispersion of single-walled carbon nanotubes) to form an antistatic layer consisting of a 0.1 μm-thick carbon nanotube layer. The surface resistance of the carbon nanotube layer was 2.3 × 10 6 It was Ω / □. An adhesive having the same composition as in Example 1 was further applied to the surface of this polyethylene terephthalate film opposite the carbon nanotube layer to form an adhesive layer 50 with a thickness of 10 μm, thereby obtaining an antistatic film 1 of Comparative Example 2.

[0073] <Evaluation of antistatic films> The antistatic films of the examples and comparative examples were evaluated as follows, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0074] [Visible light transmittance] Measurement was carried out in accordance with JIS A5759 using a UV-Vis-Near Infrared Spectrophotometer U-4100 manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation.

[0075] [Visible light reflectance] Measurement was carried out in accordance with JIS A5759 using a UV-Vis-Near Infrared Spectrophotometer U-4100 manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation.

[0076] [Hayes] Measurement was carried out in accordance with JIS K7136 using a haze meter (haze meter) NDH5000 manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd.

[0077] (Thermal insulation performance T ts ) Heat shielding performance T ts conforms to ISO13837:2008 TS = 27.6 + 0.724 × (solar transmittance) - 0.276 × (solar reflectance). The solar transmittance and solar reflectance were first measured using an ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared spectrophotometer U-4100 manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation, and then calculated based on JIS R3106:1998.

[0078] [Table 1]

[0079] <Evaluation of film-coated automotive glass> An automobile glass (150 mm long, 150 mm wide, 3 mm thick green glass) without an antistatic film was prepared as a control. The surface resistance of this automobile glass was 10 14 The resistance exceeded Ω / □. The antistatic film 1 of each example and comparative example was attached to this automobile glass, and the following evaluations were carried out. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0080] [Charge half-life] The antistatic film 1 obtained in each Example and Comparative Example was attached to the entire surface of one side of a control automobile glass 60, to obtain a film-coated automobile glass 100. As shown in Fig. 7, an ionizer 110 was placed 5 mm away from the side of this film-coated automobile glass 100 opposite to the side to which the antistatic film 1 was attached, and ions were irradiated for 1 minute at an intensity of 6 kV without air.

[0081] As shown in Figure 7, a static electricity measuring device 120 (SK-050 manufactured by KEYENCE Corporation) was placed 5 mm away from the surface of the film-coated automotive glass 100 opposite to the surface on which the antistatic film 1 was attached, and the amount of charge was measured immediately after the end of ion irradiation. The time required for the amount of charge to decrease to half of that immediately after the end of ion irradiation was calculated as the charge half-life. There was no difference in the results between when the surface of the film-coated automobile glass 100 to which the antistatic film 1 was attached was connected to the earth G and when it was disconnected.

[0082] [Lightfastness] Using a light resistance tester (Xenon Weatherometer XL75 manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.), the film-coated automotive glass 100 was subjected to a radiant irradiance of 390 W / m from the side opposite to the side on which the antistatic film 1 was attached. 2 The xenon light was irradiated for 1000 hours under the conditions of a black panel temperature of 63°C, a chamber temperature of 45°C, and a chamber humidity of 50%RH.

[0083] After irradiation, the surface resistance of the conductive layer of the antistatic film 1 (third metal oxide layer 43 in Example 1, second metal oxide layer 42 in Example 2, PEDOT-PSS layer in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and carbon nanotube layer in Comparative Example 3) was measured, and the rate of increase (the ratio B / A of the surface resistance value B after irradiation to the surface resistance value A before irradiation) was evaluated according to the following criteria. Note that, except for Comparative Example 2, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer was peeled off before measuring the surface resistance value.

[0084] (Evaluation criteria) ◎: The increase in surface resistance is less than 10. ○: The rate of increase in surface resistance is 10 or more and less than 50. ×: The rate of increase in surface resistance is 50 or more.

[0085] <Automobile evaluation> A Toyota Hiace TRH200V-SRPEK vehicle was used as a control, and the antistatic film 1 of each example and comparative example was attached to the entire inside of the rear window of this vehicle, and the following evaluations were carried out. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0086] [Vehicle handling stability] Using Toyota Motor Corporation's headquarters test course (inner circuit, product quality evaluation course), two panelists performed a sensory evaluation of vehicle handling (steering, acceleration / deceleration, vehicle pitch and roll, NVH) and evaluated the vehicle's handling stability according to the following criteria. The specific method of the sensory evaluation is as follows. In the following explanation, low speed means 40 km / h, medium speed means 70 km / h, and high speed means 100 km / h.

[0087] (Maneuverability) At medium and high speeds, the vehicle's response to left and right steering wheel operations was compared with when the device was not installed, and the following scores were assigned. More certain no delay = 2 points, no change = 1 point, delay occurs = 0 point.

[0088] (acceleration / deceleration) When accelerating from medium to high speeds when changing lanes, the accelerator feel was compared with when the device was not installed, and the following scores were assigned. Smoother acceleration = 2 points, no change = 1 point, worsening = 0 points. In addition, the brake pedal force required to stop the vehicle from a low speed was compared with when the device was not installed, and the following scores were assigned. Stopping with more reliable and consistent pedal force = 2 points, no change = 1 point, additional pedal force required = 0 points.

[0089] (Vehicle pitch and roll) The up and down shaking when driving on rough roads at low speeds was compared with when the device was not installed, and the following scores were assigned. Less shaking = 2 points, no change = 1 point, increased shaking = 0 points. In addition, the amount of vehicle roll when traveling on the west bank and east bank at medium speeds was compared with when the vehicle was not equipped, and the following scores were assigned. Less than = 2 points, no change = 1 point, greater than = 0 point.

[0090] (NVH) The wind noise at high speeds was compared with when the device was not installed and the following scores were assigned. Quieter = 2 points, no change = 1 point, worse = 0 point.

[0091] (Evaluation criteria) ◎: The total score of the two panelists is 20 points or more. ○: The total score of the two panelists is between 13 and 19 points. ×: The total score of the two panelists is 12 points or less.

[0092] [Table 2]

[0093] The antistatic films of the examples suppressed reflection of visible light and maintained appropriate transmittance of visible light, as shown in Table 1. In addition, they had high reflectance and low transmittance of solar radiation, and were excellent in heat-shielding performance. Furthermore, in the automotive glass to which the antistatic film of the example was attached, static buildup was suppressed on the surface opposite to the surface to which the antistatic film was attached, as shown in Table 2. Furthermore, the glass also had excellent light resistance. Furthermore, it was confirmed that automobiles having automobile glass to which the antistatic film of the present invention was attached were excellent in actual driving comfort and had stable driving.

[0094] In contrast, Comparative Examples 1 to 3 had poor heat-shielding performance as shown in Table 1. Furthermore, as shown in Table 2, the antistatic effect was weaker than in Examples 1 and 2. Furthermore, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 also had poor light resistance. [Explanation of symbols]

[0095] 1 Anti-static film 10 Base material 20 Antistatic laminate 30 Silver alloy layer 31 First silver alloy layer 32 Second silver alloy layer 41 First metal oxide layer 42 Second metal oxide layer 43 Third metal oxide layer 50 adhesive layer 60 Auto Glass 61 Indoor surface 62 Outdoor surface 100 Filmed Auto Glass 110 Ionizer 120 Static electricity measuring instrument

Claims

1. A film to be attached to the interior side of an automobile glass, The antistatic laminated sheet includes at least a substrate, an antistatic laminated layer laminated on one surface of the substrate, and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer laminated on the outermost surface of the antistatic laminated layer, The substrate has a thickness of 8 μm to 800 μm, the antistatic laminated portion has at least one silver alloy layer and a metal oxide layer disposed on each of both sides of the silver alloy layer, 1. An antistatic film, wherein the metal oxide layer is composed of tin-doped indium oxide or zinc-doped indium oxide.

2. 2. The antistatic film according to claim 1, wherein the antistatic laminate is a laminate in which a first metal oxide layer, a silver alloy layer, and a second metal oxide layer are laminated in this order from the substrate side.

3. 2. The antistatic film according to claim 1, wherein the antistatic laminate is a laminate in which a first metal oxide layer, a first silver alloy layer, a second metal oxide layer, a second silver alloy layer, and a third metal oxide layer are laminated in this order from the substrate side.

4. An automobile comprising an antistatic film according to any one of claims 1 to 3 attached to an interior side of an automobile glass constituting one or more windows.

5. A method for stabilizing the running of an automobile, comprising applying the antistatic film according to any one of claims 1 to 3 to the interior side of an automobile glass constituting one or more windows.

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